BR9913065A - Material de eletrodo positivo de alta capacidade e vida longa em ciclos, processo de fabricação do mesmo, e, material de eletrodo positivo hidróxido de nìquel de alta capacidade - Google Patents

Material de eletrodo positivo de alta capacidade e vida longa em ciclos, processo de fabricação do mesmo, e, material de eletrodo positivo hidróxido de nìquel de alta capacidade

Info

Publication number
BR9913065A
BR9913065A BR9913065-3A BR9913065A BR9913065A BR 9913065 A BR9913065 A BR 9913065A BR 9913065 A BR9913065 A BR 9913065A BR 9913065 A BR9913065 A BR 9913065A
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
positive electrode
electrode material
capacity
long
manufacturing process
Prior art date
Application number
BR9913065-3A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cristian Fierro
Michael A Fetcenko
Kwo Young
Stanford R Ovshinski
Beth Sommers
Craig Harrison
Original Assignee
Ovonic Battery Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ovonic Battery Co filed Critical Ovonic Battery Co
Publication of BR9913065A publication Critical patent/BR9913065A/pt

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
    • C01G53/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
    • C01G53/006—Compounds containing, besides nickel, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
    • H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/32—Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/77—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by unit-cell parameters, atom positions or structure diagrams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/78—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by stacking-plane distances or stacking sequences
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
    • C01P2004/32—Spheres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/40—Electric properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

"MATERIAL DE ELETRODO POSITIVO DE ALTA CAPACIDADE E VIDA LONGA EM CICLOS, PROCESSO DE FABRICAçãO DO MESMO, E, MATERIAL DE ELETRODO POSITIVO HIDRóXIDO DE NìQUEL DE ALTA CAPACIDADE". é descrito um material para eletrodo positivo de hidróxido de níquel modificado, com alta capacidade e vida longa em ciclos, para uso em células alcalinas recarregáveis com pelo menos um modificador, que tem energia de ativação, potencial químico e condutividade elétrica modificados. Tamanho de partícula, distribuição de tamanho de partícula, condutividade elétrica foram controladas introduzindo-se elementos modificadores na massa de material ativo e controlando-se parâmetros de processo.
BR9913065-3A 1998-08-17 1999-08-12 Material de eletrodo positivo de alta capacidade e vida longa em ciclos, processo de fabricação do mesmo, e, material de eletrodo positivo hidróxido de nìquel de alta capacidade BR9913065A (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/135,477 US6228535B1 (en) 1998-08-17 1998-08-17 Nickel hydroxide positive electrode material exhibiting improved conductivity and engineered activation energy
PCT/US1999/018362 WO2000010211A1 (en) 1998-08-17 1999-08-12 Nickel hydroxide positive electrode material exhibiting improved conductivity and engineered activation energy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR9913065A true BR9913065A (pt) 2001-09-25

Family

ID=22468282

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR9913065-3A BR9913065A (pt) 1998-08-17 1999-08-12 Material de eletrodo positivo de alta capacidade e vida longa em ciclos, processo de fabricação do mesmo, e, material de eletrodo positivo hidróxido de nìquel de alta capacidade

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (3) US6228535B1 (pt)
EP (3) EP1744387A3 (pt)
JP (1) JP2002522893A (pt)
KR (1) KR100542597B1 (pt)
AU (1) AU5397999A (pt)
BR (1) BR9913065A (pt)
CA (1) CA2339213A1 (pt)
DE (1) DE69938928D1 (pt)
MX (1) MX234116B (pt)
TW (1) TW477086B (pt)
WO (1) WO2000010211A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3191752B2 (ja) * 1996-12-26 2001-07-23 松下電器産業株式会社 ニッケル−水素二次電池およびその電極の製造方法
US6228535B1 (en) * 1998-08-17 2001-05-08 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Nickel hydroxide positive electrode material exhibiting improved conductivity and engineered activation energy
JP4474722B2 (ja) * 2000-03-21 2010-06-09 パナソニック株式会社 アルカリ蓄電池とそれに用いるアルカリ蓄電池用正極
TW520575B (en) 2000-04-21 2003-02-11 Sony Corp Positive electrode material and nickel-zinc battery
WO2001097305A1 (fr) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Matiere active d'anode pour accumulateur alcalin, anode comprenant cette matiere et accumulateur alcalin
MX241166B (es) * 2001-06-29 2006-10-16 Ovonic Battery Co Bacteria de almacenamiento de hidrogeno; electrodo de niquel positivo; material activo de electrodo positivo y metodos para fabricarlos.
DE10132895A1 (de) * 2001-07-06 2003-01-16 Starck H C Gmbh Nickelhydroxid und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
WO2004027901A2 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-04-01 Diffusion Science, Inc. Electrochemical generation, storage and reaction of hydrogen and oxygen using gas permeable catalyst-coated hollow microspheres
US6830725B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-12-14 Texaco Ovonic Battery Systems, Llc Hydrogen storage alloys having a high porosity surface layer
US7175826B2 (en) * 2003-12-29 2007-02-13 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for hydrogen storage and recovery
US7211541B2 (en) * 2003-12-11 2007-05-01 Ovonic Hydrogen Systems Llc Mg—Ni hydrogen storage composite having high storage capacity and excellent room temperature kinetics
EP1719195B1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2009-06-17 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Positive electrode active material for a nickel electrode
US7344677B2 (en) * 2004-04-02 2008-03-18 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Hydrogen storage alloys having improved cycle life and low temperature operating characteristics
CN100405658C (zh) * 2004-07-23 2008-07-23 日本无公害电池研究所 电池用镍极及使用该镍极的碱性蓄电池
US20060057019A1 (en) 2004-09-16 2006-03-16 Kwo Young Hydrogen storage alloys having reduced PCT hysteresis
US8802294B2 (en) * 2006-12-22 2014-08-12 Panasonic Corporation Nickel hydroxide, method for producing positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
US9425456B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2016-08-23 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Rechargeable battery cell with improved high temperature performance
US9406934B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2016-08-02 Basf Corporation Rechargeable battery cell with improved high temperature performance
JP6090673B2 (ja) 2012-09-28 2017-03-08 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ アルカリ蓄電池とアルカリ蓄電池用の正極材
JP6585063B2 (ja) * 2014-09-11 2019-10-02 株式会社東芝 電極材料およびそれを用いた電極層、電池並びにエレクトロクロミック素子
WO2016079746A1 (en) 2014-11-19 2016-05-26 Technion Research & Development Foundation Limited Methods and system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis
US9935315B2 (en) 2015-02-05 2018-04-03 Basf Corporation Nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable battery
US9899676B2 (en) 2015-02-05 2018-02-20 Basf Corporation Nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable battery
WO2016126622A1 (en) * 2015-02-05 2016-08-11 Basf Corporation Nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable battery
US10587012B2 (en) 2015-03-26 2020-03-10 Basf Corporation Electrolyte compositions comprising ionic liquids and metal hydride batteries comprising same
KR20180091938A (ko) * 2016-01-05 2018-08-16 바스프 코포레이션 알칼리 재충전식 배터리를 위한 수산화니켈 복합 물질
US10326165B2 (en) 2016-03-28 2019-06-18 Basf Corporation Silicon-based solid electrolyte for rechargeable battery
WO2018018036A1 (en) 2016-07-22 2018-01-25 Fluidic, Inc. Moisture and carbon dioxide management system in electrochemical cells
US11394035B2 (en) 2017-04-06 2022-07-19 Form Energy, Inc. Refuelable battery for the electric grid and method of using thereof
US11611115B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2023-03-21 Form Energy, Inc. Long life sealed alkaline secondary batteries
EP3815167A4 (en) 2018-06-29 2022-03-16 Form Energy, Inc. ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL BASED ON AQUEOUS POLYSULFIDE
US11552290B2 (en) 2018-07-27 2023-01-10 Form Energy, Inc. Negative electrodes for electrochemical cells
EP3961767A4 (en) * 2019-04-26 2024-02-21 Kyocera Corporation SECONDARY BATTERY AND SECONDARY BATTERY SYSTEM
US11949129B2 (en) 2019-10-04 2024-04-02 Form Energy, Inc. Refuelable battery for the electric grid and method of using thereof
WO2022145027A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Ionic liquid electrolytes including salt additives for use in proton-conducting rechargeable batteries
WO2022145031A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Processes of hydrogen annealing of si-surfaces
WO2022145028A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Group 14 element-containing metal hydrides with a superlattice structure for use in proton-conducting rechargeable batteries
WO2022145026A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Si-containing alloy for the anode of proton-conducting rechargeable batteries
US20240063376A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2024-02-22 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Bulk si-anode for use in proton-conducting rechargeable batteries
WO2022145030A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Salt containing electrolytes that promote the formation of proton-conducting rechargeable batteries
WO2022145029A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Group 14 element-containing metal hydride with a superlattice structure for use in hydrogen storage.
WO2022239204A1 (en) 2021-05-13 2022-11-17 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Bipolar battery with proton and hydroxide ion conducting polymer based separator
CN117546335A (zh) 2021-06-21 2024-02-09 川崎摩托株式会社 质子传导性充电电池及方法
WO2023007751A1 (en) 2021-07-30 2023-02-02 Kawasaki Motors, Ltd. Si-containing metal hydrides with expanded superlattice structure for use in proton-conducting rechargeable electrochemical cells

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6045131B2 (ja) * 1980-04-24 1985-10-08 同和鉱業株式会社 アルカリ電池用活物質の製造法
US5700596A (en) * 1991-07-08 1997-12-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Nickel hydroxide active material powder and nickel positive electrode and alkali storage battery using them
JPH0541213A (ja) * 1991-08-06 1993-02-19 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd アルカリ蓄電池用非焼結式ニツケル正極
US5348822A (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-09-20 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Chemically and compositionally modified solid solution disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
US5344728A (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-09-06 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
US5861225A (en) * 1992-11-12 1999-01-19 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Nickel battery electrode having multiple composition nickel hydroxide active materials
US5523182A (en) * 1992-11-12 1996-06-04 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Enhanced nickel hydroxide positive electrode materials for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
KR0148827B1 (ko) * 1994-05-20 1998-10-15 전성원 알카리전지용 고밀도 수산화니켈의 제조방법
FR2731297B1 (fr) * 1995-03-03 1997-04-04 Accumulateurs Fixes Electrode au nickel pour accumulateur alcalin
JP3196605B2 (ja) * 1995-10-24 2001-08-06 松下電器産業株式会社 非焼結式ニッケル正極及びその正極を用いたアルカリ蓄電池
KR100373724B1 (ko) * 1995-12-15 2003-05-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 알칼리축전지용양극및음극극판과그제조방법
US5788943A (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-08-04 The Hall Chemical Company Battery-grade nickel hydroxide and method for its preparation
EP1195824B1 (en) * 1996-09-20 2011-10-05 Panasonic Corporation Positive electrode active material for alkaline storage batteries
AU7671096A (en) * 1996-11-07 1998-05-29 Energy Conversion Devices Inc. Beta to gamma phase cycleable electrochemically active nickel hydroxide material
CN1129198C (zh) 1997-02-03 2003-11-26 松下电器产业株式会社 碱性蓄电池的正极活性材料的制造方法
JP3094062B2 (ja) * 1998-01-30 2000-10-03 東芝電池株式会社 ペースト式ニッケル極の製造方法及びアルカリ蓄電池の製造方法
US6228535B1 (en) * 1998-08-17 2001-05-08 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Nickel hydroxide positive electrode material exhibiting improved conductivity and engineered activation energy
US6576205B2 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-06-10 Inco Limited Method for reducing the crystallinity of nickel hydroxide powders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100542597B1 (ko) 2006-01-16
EP1672724A2 (en) 2006-06-21
TW477086B (en) 2002-02-21
EP1744387A2 (en) 2007-01-17
MXPA01001583A (es) 2003-04-22
MX234116B (en) 2006-02-02
CA2339213A1 (en) 2000-02-24
US6447953B1 (en) 2002-09-10
US20030035996A1 (en) 2003-02-20
EP1110258A1 (en) 2001-06-27
EP1110258A4 (en) 2006-06-28
KR20010072693A (ko) 2001-07-31
EP1672724A3 (en) 2006-10-25
WO2000010211A1 (en) 2000-02-24
DE69938928D1 (de) 2008-07-31
EP1110258B1 (en) 2008-06-18
EP1744387A3 (en) 2007-07-18
JP2002522893A (ja) 2002-07-23
US7294434B2 (en) 2007-11-13
US6228535B1 (en) 2001-05-08
AU5397999A (en) 2000-03-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
BR9913065A (pt) Material de eletrodo positivo de alta capacidade e vida longa em ciclos, processo de fabricação do mesmo, e, material de eletrodo positivo hidróxido de nìquel de alta capacidade
BR9814384A (pt) Manganato de lìtio, processo para a produção do mesmo, eletrodo positivo para baterias de lìtio, e, bateria de lìtio
BR9913060A (pt) Material para eletrodo positivo e processo para a fabricação do mesmo
BRPI0411397A (pt) material de anodo para célula secundária de lìtio com alta capacidade
CA2157484A1 (en) Chemically and compositionally modified solid solution disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
NO832321L (no) Elektrolyseceller med snever avstand.
EP0840946A4 (en) NICKEL CELL ELECTRODE COMPRISING ACTIVE MATERIALS BASED ON MULTIPLE COMPOSITION NICKEL HYDROXIDE
GB2346006B (en) Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions
DE60014465D1 (de) Elektrochemische Sekundärgeneratoren mit Zinkanode
PT1412995E (pt) Electrodo de camadas multiplas
DE59002807D1 (de) Elektrode für elektrochemische Zellen.
MY113390A (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell
BR8402571A (pt) Materia ativa positiva para gerador eletroquimico de grande energia especifica,bem como gerador empregando a mesma
CA2267715A1 (en) Sealed alkaline-zinc storage battery
CN206846382U (zh) 一种充电式手电筒
TW374254B (en) Storage battery
JPS6459767A (en) Secondary battery
JPS6467865A (en) Cell using manganese dioxide as active material
Lim et al. KOH concentration effect on the cycle life of nickel-hydrogen cells
KR960030461A (ko) 알카리 아연 2차전지용 아연전극
Matsumoto et al. Foamed nickel positive electrode for a high performance cylindrical Ni-Cd battery
JPS646382A (en) Secondary cell
KR960027016A (ko) 리튬(Li)-바나듐(V) 산화물을 양극물질로 한 전지(電池)
KR960002921A (ko) 충방전시 전지의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있도록 된 알칼리 아연 2차전지
DAVOLIO et al. The effect of lithium on electrochemical and mechanical behaviour of nickel oxide electrode

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
B07A Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]
B09B Patent application refused [chapter 9.2 patent gazette]

Free format text: INDEFIRO O PRESENTE PEDIDO DE PATENTE COMO INVENCAO - DE ACORDO COM O ART. 8O DA LPI.