BG62576B1 - Method for the replacement of top steel structure for railway bridges and devices for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and the device for its implementation shall find application in the repair of railway sections of intensive operation. They are used for replacing the existing worn-out structure in a short time without using heavy lifting equipment, complex technological operations and very expensive bearing units. By the method the existing structure is dismantled and a new one is mounted in its place which has been prepared in advance by side lateral insertion and new platforms (10) under the bearings are built after the temporary support of the railtrack (1) in the places of the existing support (3) of the bridge. The lower rails (15) of the supporting bearing unit are fixed on platforms (10) and along the whole length of the insertion path, and the new structure (5) is executed parallel to it to which the upper rails (15) of the bearing supporting unit are fixed. After the removal of the existing structure (4), the new structure (5) is slid laterally along the lower rails (15) of the bearing supporting unit until it occupies its operational position by means of a device for lateral insertion, after which the structure (5) is aligned and fixed by slotted (21) plates. The new construction (5) is made of reinforced concrete or of prestressed reinforced concrete, or of a combined structure and can be either of a single block type or be longitudinally divided into two blocks. The bearing supporting unit for performing the method includes fixed lower and upper parts made of r.w. rails (15 & 15'), rail (15) being positioned horizontally, and rail (15') - vertically, where the head of the vertical rail (15') is fitted in the notch between the head and the foot of the horizontal rail (15). The lateral insertion unit performing the method includes a horizontally acting press and consists of two extension rods (19) positioned horizontally one above the other in prefabricated holes (18) at the supporting lateral beams (20) of structure (5), which rods (19) have threadings at both their ends are fixed by nuts (19') on both sides to vertical profile shims (22), a hydraulic or screw-type press (23) is fitted between them and the external vertical wall of the lateral beams. 8 claims, 8 figures

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for replacing steel structures for railway bridges and devices for its implementation and will find application in the repair of intensive sections of railway sections.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A method is known for mounting new or replacing worn overhead structures with new ones of ordinary or pre-stressed reinforced concrete, steel, combined or combined reinforced concrete structures, where the installation is performed by laterally pulling on the new or replacement overhead bridge structure from mounting supports to the project site using special towing devices and specialized technological paths and devices on which the new constructor is inserted and transferred tion on permanent bearing supports / 1 /.

There is also a known method for drawing in prefabricated, pre-stressed concrete bridges, in which the movement of the new superstructure is made by sliding it against antifriction materials, using horizontally positioned hydraulic jacks (2).

The disadvantages of the known methods are the use of complex temporary support skeletons for dismantling the existing one and for the construction of the new - replacement overhead bridge structure. It is also necessary to perform complex and precision lifting, moving and releasing operations of the new structure on the service bearings. Another disadvantage is the difficulty of replacing the bearing parts while retaining the existing design openings of the axle structure.

A bearing support device for a bridge is known, which includes a fixed support to the bridge structure with a groove formed therein, in which is located the cylindrical upper surface of the lower support of the device, which is fixedly attached to the bridge support / 3 /.

A disadvantage of the known device is its considerable complexity of implementation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a method for replacing top steel structures for railway bridges and devices for its implementation, with which to replace the existing worn structure in a short time, without the use of heavy lifting equipment, complex technological operations and expensive bearing devices .

The problem is solved as follows.

According to the method, the existing structure is dismantled and in its place a new, prefabricated structure is constructed by lateral lateral retraction, after the temporary support of the track, at the places of the existing bridges, through inventory devices, behind the existing supports of the bridge, they are built new sub-camp sites. The lower rails of the support bearing device are fixed on these platforms and along the entire length of the retraction path, and in the immediate vicinity of the existing structure and in parallel with it the new structure is fixed, in which the upper rails of the bearing bearing device are fixed. After removal of the existing structure, the new structure slides transversely along the lower rails of the bearing support device to occupy the operating position by means of a transverse retractor. The new construction is then centered and fixed by slotted slats.

The new construction is made of reinforced concrete or pre-stressed reinforced concrete, or of reinforced concrete or of combined construction and may be single-block or longitudinally divided into two blocks.

The support bearing device for carrying out the method includes fixed fixed lower and upper bearing parts, which are made up of railway rails, one of which is arranged horizontally and the other vertically, the head of the vertical rail being located in a groove between the head and the heel. on the horizontal rail.

The method of cross-engaging the method includes a horizontally acting press and consists of two tension rods, horizontally spaced one above the other in previously left openings in the supporting transverse beams of the new structures, which have threads at both ends and are fixed bilaterally with by means of nuts to vertical profile pads, and a hydraulic or screw press is unilaterally located between the pads and the outer vertical wall of the cross beams.

The advantages of the method according to the invention and the devices for replacement of railway bridge structures are that all operations prior to the introduction of the new bridge structure are carried out without disturbing the traffic on the respective railway section.

The retraction of the new structure, after the removal of the existing one, as well as all the finishing works, is carried out for a minimum technological time, most often commensurate with the natural night breaks in traffic.

Instead of complex and expensive bearing parts for the new construction, parts of defective second-hand rail tracks are used.

The maintenance of the new overhead bridge structure is greatly facilitated by the absence of any end or intermediate joints of expansion joints.

The two-block solution creates excellent conditions for direct longitudinal drainage without special drains.

Favorable conditions are created to increase the structural height of the replacement structure at the expense of the minimum structural heights of the working parts of the bearing pairs.

Description of the attached figures

The invention is illustrated in more detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings, wherein: FIG.

FIG. 2 is a detail in the region of a support section with a cross beam, tension bars for transverse sliding and a rail bearing pair; FIG.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view through the structure, before the cross-section of the new bridge top semi-structures;

Figure 4 is a cross-section through the new bridge structure in service position;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the equipment before and after the transverse pull-in of an entire replacement top structure;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of a single-open structure, position of replacement semi-structures in technological position;

Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the replacement of a multi-axle bridge structure;

possible structural variants of the overhead bridge structure;

Figure 8a is a construction of ordinary reinforced concrete;

Figure 8b is a construction of prestressed reinforced concrete;

figure 8c is a reinforced concrete structure;

Figure 8d is a combined construction.

Exemplary embodiments

The railway (Fig. 1) 1 is temporarily isolated by temporary displacements 2 in the area above the stands (and possibly above the intermediate pillars) 3, by making the necessary reinforcements to the supports 11, the construction of new sub-platforms 10 and possibly the guard-ballast walls 9 In the new sub-bearings 10, the lower parts of the bearing rail pairs 15 are concreted and reinforced by suitable anchorage devices.

According to FIGS. 3 and 5, the secondary parts 4 'of the existing structure are first removed bilaterally or unilaterally, prior to the installation of the new bridge structure, which ensures maximum closeness of the technological locations of the replacement structure 5 to its design location.

On the extensions 11 of the struts 3 or on specially designed temporary inventory scaffolds 1 D, they are constructed or mounted for the displaced top structures as semi-structures (Fig. 3) or as complete structures (Fig. 5).

The replacement structure 5 in the technological position rests on continuous bearing pairs, of which the lower 15 is on temporary displacement 11 'or concreted in the extension of the support 11, and the upper 15' is embedded in the replacement structure 5, supported by suitable anchorage devices.

Channels 18 are pre-left through the supporting cross beams 20 of the new structure 5.

At both ends of the new bridge structure 5, cantilever portions of the road plate 7 are provided, which terminate with a board 6 and extend over the new guard-ballast wall 8, thus eliminating the need for the arrangement of special construction end expansion joints.

The worn axle structure 4 is recovered by means of suitable lifting equipment and suspension devices.

The tension rods with threaded ends 19 are mounted in the grooves 18 and through the appropriate hydraulic or screw presses 23 a tensile force is ensured to ensure the translation of the new bridge top structure from a technologically operational position. In the two-block construction of the new structure, the semi-structural pairs are forced to slip on one side. In the case of a single-block replacement structure, temporary inventory supports 25 are arranged.

According to FIG. 7, in the case of a multi-open continuous replacement structure, the cross-slip is performed in strictly dosed synchronization on all supports.

According to FIG. 2, the fixation of the displaced new top structure at a design position is accomplished by welding suitable retaining plates 21 to one of the rail bearing pairs to guarantee the design linear and angular dilations.

Temporary relocation kits are removed 2.

A ballast prism is constructed on the new structure 5 and the track-cross sections 1 are mounted and finally leveled and trimmed and shore ties are attached.

All operations to release the track units 1, the bearings 14, the removal of the old structure 4, the introduction into the design position and fixing of the new structure 5, the construction of the ballast 5 prisms and the track units, are in pauses ("windows") of the section timetable .

All operations on the construction of sidewalks, waterproofing, and in some cases - in the complete single-unit installation of 10 new construction 5-with ballast bed, are carried out at the temporary technological position.

The assembly and dismantling of temporary relocations 2 are carried out in natural timetables.

All finishing work, such as welding of part of the retaining plates 21, dismantling of the towing kits 19, 22, 23, 25, cutting of the projecting protrusions in the technological position and bridging the lower bearing rail parts 15, dismantling of possible working scaffolds 1D and possible water collection grooves 24 are made after regular commissioning of the lower axle, with full section timetable restored.

Application of the invention

Temporary relocation of inventory elements pre-installed on the supports of the existing structure and of the new replacement one guarantees their conversion to the normal operation mode of the railway section, with movement on the remodeling bridge. Under these temporary relocations, new sub-bearing platforms are being built, with lower track bearing parts concreted.

The new replacement axle structure rests on the individual struts by means of special tangential-type bearings that allow rotations and metered longitudinal displacements of the new axle structure.

These bearings are pairs of identical straight rail tracks of any type, one lying horizontally and the other vertically, with a head entering a groove between the head and the heel perpendicularly below it. The bearing pair thus provided rotates the top structure about the new transverse bearing axis and metered longitudinal horizontal displacement from linear expansion of the structure.

Advantages of the invention

The kits - train pairs of railway rails have a dual function. They assume the reactive effort of either full-frame or double-block, top-mounted or temporary-mounted replacement structures; they provide a strictly controlled path for the sliding of the overhead bridge structures in the lateral retraction movement and ensure capital operational bearing with the corresponding rotations and longitudinal displacements of the new, overhead bridge structure. 20

Claims (8)

1. A method for the replacement of superstructured steel structures for railway bridges, in which the existing structure is dismantled and a new, prefabricated lateral cross-sectional structure is installed in its place, characterized in that, after temporary support of the track (1) 30 new sub-sites (10) are being constructed at the existing posts (3) of the bridge through inventory (2), behind the existing supports (10 ') of the bridge, along the platforms (10) and along the entire length 35 on the retraction path, they are fastened neatly movably the lower rails (15) of the support bearing device, and in the immediate vicinity of the existing structure (4) and in parallel with it, the new structure (5) is mounted, in which the upper rails (15 ') of the bearing bearing device are fixed, wherein, after removal of the existing structure (4), the new structure (5) is slid transversely on the lower rails (15) of the support bearing unit 45 to occupy a position by means of the transverse retractor, after which the structure (15) is centered and fixing through slotted slats (21). 50 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the new structure (5) is divided along its longitudinal axis into two blocks, which are implemented in the immediate vicinity of the two sides of the bridge. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the new structure (5) is implemented completely in the immediate vicinity of one side of the bridge. Method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the new structure (5) is carried out on the transversely expanded platforms (10) and / or partially or wholly on the inventory scaffolds (1D) located adjacent to the supports (10) on the bridge. A method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the new structure (5) is made of reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete, or of reinforced concrete or of a combined structure. A method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the replacement of multi-open existing structures (4) reinforces the intermediate supports (3). Support bearing device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising a fixed lower and upper bearing part, characterized in that the bearing parts are made of railway rails (15) and (15 '), having one railway rail (15) ) is arranged horizontally and the other rail (15 ') vertically, with the head of the vertical rail (15') located in a groove between the head and the heel of the horizontal rail (15). 8. A transverse engaging device according to the method of claim 1, comprising a horizontally acting press, characterized in that it consists of two tension rods (19) horizontally arranged one above the other in previously left openings (18) in the supporting cross beams (20) of structures (5) having rods (19) threaded at both ends and secured bilaterally by nuts (19 ') to vertical profile pads (22) and between the pads (22) and the outer vertical wall of the transverse beams (20), unilaterally located hydraulic or you this press (23).