BG61050B1 - Mechanism for automatic breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanism is used in the design of the safety switches. It is accurate a fixed and continuously reproduced triggering curve and uniform actuation forces and insignificant losses, regardless of the state of the contact. The mechanism consists of a bearing in the housing (20) and spring loaded in the direction of disengagement a manually operable rotary lever (10), to which a hinged knee lever is attached, comprising a pulling lever (30) and a rounded bracket (40). On a fixed axle (24) fixed to the housing (20), a contact lever (50) contacting a stationary contact (60) and self-holding in the closed position against the force of the spring (70). During the switching on and the crankshaft switching on the lever functions as a hard lever. By a load almost at right angles to the joint (32/41) in the crank lever (30, 40) from the lock lever (90) and the counter-rotation of the contact the lever (50) under the action of the force of the spring (70) the crank lever (30/40) jump passes into a labile position. This removes the rigid connection between the hand lever (10) and the contact lever (50) and the contact arm (53) occupies an open position.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a circuit breaker mechanism and is used in the design of circuit breakers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known β mechanism for electromagnetic high-current circuit breaker, in which the crankshaft mechanics consists of many hinges, which, when including the movement of the hand lever, a spring lever to a fixed contact. The crankshafts forming the crankshaft are mutually adjusted by a screw to accurately maintain the position above the dead point. In the area of the pivoting axis, one of the plates is directly formed or mounted as a separate piece on a rough surface on which a piston of a releasing body acts. Too varied surface curvature should be at the same distance from the piston during the inclining motion so that it can squeeze the joint joint (1) immediately after contact.

With this mechanism, the curve is very difficult to adjust to the hinge movement in the process of switching on and, depending on the contact angle and the various deviations in the performance of the parts, it is significantly further from the ideal position. Therefore, a large actuator stroke of the piston is required so that, even in adverse conditions, the position above the dead point of the piston is reached.

Turn the crankshaft lever and the switch off. With modern current-limiting circuit breakers, with their short cut-off times, such a long stroke of actuators is not appropriate. In addition, the trigger point is too inaccurate. Another disadvantage is the adjustment of the dead-end position of the two pivot arms. With the mass production of circuit breakers, it is hardly possible to arrange such an additional setting.

In addition to the increased costs, the levers become large and heavy with such an adjusting screw.

To accelerate these cranks, the actuating forces must be greater, which again results in heavier magnetic and thermal actuators.

Another mechanism for a circuit breaker is known, comprising a spring-loaded contact lever, which interacts via several articulated hinges with a manual lever. In one of these slots, a slotted water pin is located in the slot, which in turn is capable of being fixed behind a pivotably supported thumb. This blocks the whole mechanism. The two-arm lever is transversely slotted about a fixed axis and can be rotated about it. At the distance from the contact point to the contact / lever is a gripped spring which, in the on position, tightens the whole mechanism and creates a contact pressure / 2 /.

The disadvantage of this mechanism is that many hinged arms are required which are further locked with a locking mechanism. Therefore, small unblocking forces are only achieved here with a large number of structural members.

Known switching mechanism for electric microswitch, containing manually operated lever and .1

II associated with it a rotating gear rod forming the first knee joint. At its other end, the transfer rod is connected in the center of rotation with a locking pin, which is mounted on an axis in a carrier washer. The transfer rod, together with the locking pin, form a second hinge. The pivotable bearing mounted on the pivoting neck for the movable contact lever, which interacts with the fixed contact, also carries a releasing lever bearing the possibility of rotating on the other axis. The release lever acts in conjunction with the locking projection of the locking pin so that the linkage between the transfer rod and the locking pin can be locked or respectively. unblock. The locking pin is engaged with its axis to the contact arm not directly, but to the carrier washer, which in turn only rotates the movable contact lever into the engaged position by means of a support lever / 3 /.

The disadvantage of this switching mechanism is that the second hinge forming a lever connection between the transmission rod and the locking pin is always in an unstable state. Regardless of the position of the switch of the mechanism, the angle formed by the two pivot arms (a) is always positive *, varying from a minimum value of about 10 ° to a maximum value of 50 °. The real stability of the second hinge unit, therefore. is only achieved by the engagement projections between the locking pin and the release lever.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to simplify the crank mechanism described in the beginning and to refine it for a modern circuit breaker, in particular for a control or protective circuit breaker, to achieve a stable position above the dead end of the crankshaft without adjustment, automatically and independently of the location , where the circuit breaker is mounted, the forces and paths required to unblock can be determined accurately and maintained for a long time, with only minor deviations in batch production, ensuring that, at each point of the switching motion, from the first contact of the contacts to the fully engaged position, a uniform and precisely defined, irrespective of the contact point, constant activation curve is reproduced.

This problem is solved by an circuit breaker mechanism comprising a manually operated rotary lever and an associated pivoting crankshaft in a stable position above a dead end with almost straight hinged arms. The pivoting contact lever is mounted around a fixed axis in the housing and, in the process of being engaged in the knee lever against the force of the spring, is rotated with its contact arm in a closed position with a fixed contact, where it is held tightly. The mechanism has a specially rotatably disengaged shut-off lever through which, by means of the pivot arm, formed at one hinge, the knee joint is induced almost at right angles to the dead point and can be overcome by the supporting action of the knee lever so that the force can be cut by force. the contact lever with its contact arm can be rotated to the open position. A pull lever and a U-shaped round bracket are formed in the manually actuated lever to form the crank lever in its stable position over a dead point, held by the spring attached to the contact lever and by the restraint surface located in the lever, which is particularly closely aligned with the two locations of the lever. the withdrawal lever and the rounded bracket.The restriction surface unilaterally restricting the path beyond the dead point of the knee lever in the free stem of the bracket is arranged in a parallel plane the straight-off cam, directly adjacent to it, and above the dead point, the roll-off cam, axially coinciding with the free arm of the curved bracket acting on the contact lever, is so located in the withdrawal lever that, during the process of switching on and also when the hand lever is switched off the hump and shoulder are guided together by the contact lever around its axis along a precisely defined circular line with a large radius. The shut-off lever around the same center has an arcuate cut-off contour centrally located on this circular line.

In a preferred embodiment, the two pivot arms of the crankshaft are loaded by the moment of a tension spring in the direction of their position above the dead point and in an almost upright stable position, they are tightened mutually.

Preferably, the withdrawing lever in the manually actuated rotary lever by means of a tangentially actuating tension spring which simultaneously pulls the manually actuated rotary lever in the off direction is loaded in the direction above the dead point of the knee lever

It is also preferable that the bounding surface for the clamp stem, in the functional plane of the circuit breaker, be formed between

I the contact lever and the shut-off cam on the withdrawal lever, wherein the shut-off cam and the stem of the bracket are arranged in the same radius, in alignment with each other.

It is advisable for the contact lever to be a rigid lever, bearing an elongated opening on the axis fixed in the housing, as opposed to a contact point at the point of contact corresponding to the diameter of the rounded bracket and the switching movement in which the arm of the bracket acting of the contact lever and fitting there with its stem during the start-up process, as well as stabilized in the on position against the force of the spring.

A thermal, magnetic or other cut-off body of the circuit breaker may be connected to the cut-off lever to terminate the stable position of the two pivot arms, its effect being transmitted by the cut-off lever to the cut-off cam. In this case, the creep opening movement is stopped only after passing all the way over the dead point, at the pivot point between the clamp and the withdrawing lever, and the crank lever is able to take under its open contact lever its unstable position, while at a partially opening opening position. movement, near the dead point, the two pivot arms, by the action of the tension spring, are reverted back to their original position above the dead point.

The advantages of the mechanism according to the invention are that the crank lever in its stable position above the dead point acts in practice as a rigid lever and its two pivot arms rest against each other without additional parts. In addition, due to the special performance of the lever and

I rounded bracket in series production can accurately observe the road, with only slight deviations, at all circuit breakers. All the hinged parts are of constant high quality, so that only slight friction in the bearings is obtained in the joints and especially in the knee joint. In addition, the mechanism is resistant to shocks, and the joint points are insensitive to dust or particles from the contact surface. The exact actuation path can also be used to determine the actuation force, since it depends mainly on the movement resulting from the path to a dead center position against the force of the contact lever spring. On the contrary, it reduces the influence of the spring, which stretches the two pivot arms in the direction of the position above the dead point, due to its particular position in the engaged position, and thus, even when released, can be neglected.

One particular advantage of the invention is that during the process of switching on, the cam of the pull lever and the stem of the rounded bracket together describe an extremely smoothly closed circular line, precisely defined by the contact lever. In this way, regardless of the contact position that changes upward during the switching process, from the first touching of the contact to full self-locking in the on position, a precise, constant activation curve is defined. Especially in the case of the so-called subsequent switching, immediately and even before reaching the end position of the rotary lever, it is activated without problems.

It is also advantageous that only when crossing the dead point does the crank arm fall into its unstable position and thus release the contact lever for

I

61050 shut-off movement, while in case of insufficiently actuated movement, for example, after a short thermal load, it returns to its original stable position above the dead point, determined by the mechanism.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Attached

The invention is explained in more detail with the exemplary embodiment of the figures, which in the Functional plan:

FIG. 1 shows the mechanism with the necessary details for understanding the invention in the engaged position}

FIG. 2 shows the mechanism during the shutdown process shortly after passing the dead point}

FIG. 3 shows the mechanism in the off position with a manually operated rotary lever ready to engage;

FIG. 4 schematically shows the position above the dead-end of the crankshaft according to FIG. 1 /

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged diagram of the crankshaft movement along the actuation curve during the switching process}

FIG. 6 shows, on an even larger scale, the bearing of the rounded bracket in the pull lever and its position relative to the shut-off cam.

The mechanism shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a manually operated rotary lever 10, which for the most part is housed within the circuit breaker housing 20, only hinged in the drawing, and can be rotated on a fixed axis 21 between the fixed stops. 22, 23. Almost diametrically opposite to the handle 11 released from the housing 20

61050 a lever is provided with an aperture 12 in which a pivotally withdrawing lever 30 is connected by means of an axis 31. It, together with an i-curved rounded bracket 40, which acts as an auxiliary lever, form a knee lever, which will be described below by in more detail, and is the essence of the invention.

The drawbar 30 is a plastic molded part having a joint defining a bearing opening 32 for one arm 41 of the bracket 40, whose other arm resting unilaterally on the restraint surface 35 falls into the scaffold 51 of a rigid contact lever 50. In the middle it is held. by means of an elongated opening 52 onto another, fixed to the housing axle 24, which can be moved and rotated about it so that its arm is brought into the closed position with the fixed contact 60. Spring 70 secured to the housing with a ring 71 and a hook 72 between backstage 51 and elongated opening 52, res eystvuvashta on the contact bar 50, stretches the on position (Figure 1) against the bracket 40 of the toggle lever located together with the lever 30 in its stable position over the dead point. In this case, the stem of the arm 42 rests securely on the casing 51, so that the spring 70 compresses the embodiments mainly as a flat part and moves clockwise counterclockwise on the axis 24 counter-clockwise 60 and creates contact pressure.

Another, much weaker tension spring 80 acts on the lever 30. This spring is secured to the protrusion 33 and to the inside of the housing in such a way that, based on the direction of tension, especially in the off state (FIG. 3) clockwise torque is exerted on lever 30 and thus

I towards the deadlock. In the switching positions of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the lever arm predetermined by the lever spring line 80 around the bearing location of the lever 30 (at 12/31) is significantly larger than in FIG. 1, as can be seen from the drawings. In the on position (Fig. 1), based on the choice of application points of action of the spring 80, the direction of action almost coincides with the line connecting the suspension point (at 71) in the housing and the axis 31, so that the torque is almost zero and does not affect the actuating force. In this situation, however, the spring 80 further loads the manual lever 10 in the off direction by exerting a torque to the right about the axis 21 above the bearing lever 30 (at 12/31).

On another fixed axis 25, the locking contact arm 50 of the shut-off lever 90 is supported, which, for example, with a safety switch, is rotated by a thermal or magnetic actuator not shown here clockwise in a known manner. The shut-off lever 90 has, at its outer edge, adapted to the switching movements as well as the shut-off, a zone with a cut-out loop 91 and thus acts on a specially positioned cut-off cam 34 of the lever 30 (Fig. 1, Fig. 5, Fig. 6). It, in turn, is provided in the functional plane of the mechanism, under the disconnecting cam 34 with a semicircular shape, with the precision restriction surface 35 mentioned initially, to which the stem 42.1 of the bracket 40 is positioned above a dead point in such a way that this stem and the exclusion ridge, rounded by the same radius, are

I arranged in the direction of the overlapping axis, one behind the other (Figs. 1 and 6). Thus, in the process of engagement, they describe together a circle with a large radius around the axis of the contact lever 24. Particularly this precisely defined circle of the hump 34 and the stem 42.1, as represented generally in FIG. 5 in the important phases during the process of switching on by turning the hand lever 10 from position 0 to position I, greatly simplifies the adjustment of the cut-out circuit 91 to the lever 90. The essential shut-off circuit 91, which is essential for operation, also passes circularly about the mid-point of the axis 24 of the contact lever, concentric to the line * that describes the hump, so that from the initial contact (position B) to the final switch (position I) always and without delay can be followed by a switch off under the same conditions. Therefore, especially with the so-called subsequent switching, the mechanism is unlocked as soon as the contacts 53, 60 are touched, regardless of their condition and the degree of ignition.

FIG. 5 it is also seen that the hinge point 32/41, between the lever 30 and the rounded bracket 40, describes a rather inconsistent curve in the switching process. Particularly in the last phase of the switching motion, when the other (hole 12 / axis 31) of the hand lever 10 passes through the line connecting axis 21 and the stem 42.1, bent by a thin broken line, and the mechanism self-tightens, pivot point 32/41 of the crankshaft goes back from the maximum point of one curve. This highly broken curve at pivot point 32/41, unlike the almost linearized circular line of the shut-off cam 34, can be very difficult to reproduce with the shut-off lever and, in any case, results in a significant idling of the actuator until the knee is pressed. lever.

In addition, the restraining surface 35, which is located below the release cam, is especially precise to the resting point 31, 32, because it, in the steady use of the lever 30 and the bracket 40, precisely determines the path above the dead point.

X (length of segment X in FIG.

is shown schematically). This path determines the actuation of the mechanism when actuated, depending on the forces of the springs different lever lengths, so that according to the given forces, careful adjustment of the road is necessary

X. Finally, batch production can be followed by the correct measure, since apart from the metal axle parts (axle 31, stems 41.1, 42.1 of the bracket), which have to be produced with precision of exact diameter, only one dimension must be respected. part of lever 30. All other variations in the dimensions of the mechanism and body parts, if within the normal manufacturing tolerances, have practically no effect on this position beyond the dead point.

The crank lever, which in the on position (Fig. 1, Fig. 4) functions as a rigid lever, rotates above the dead point with its second knee joint, axis 31 of the hand lever 10, relative to the unspecified connecting line between the axis 21 and the contact stem lever 42.1. In this way, the whole mechanism is tensioned by a spring parallel to the withdrawal lever 30 and perpendicular to the contact lever spring 70, wherein the housing stop 22 and the fixed contact 60 form a counter-bearing.

I

And!

Conversely, the influence of spring 80 is of secondary importance.

If in the on position according to FIG. 1, the shut-off lever 90 has a right-hand momentum - smooth, conditioned by thermal or jumper, conditioned by a magnetic actuator - its shut-off circuit 91 exerts pressure against the shut-off cam 34 and the pull-out lever 30 describes a clockwise counter-clockwise movement 31 The stem of the rounded bracket 41.1, which moves in the lever 30, moves in the same way, while the stem 42.1 resting on the contact lever 50 passes freely the bounding surface 35. When the withdrawal lever 30 rotates about the adjusting cam so that the knee joint 41.1 has passed the distance X to a dead point at which the force acting on the shutter lever 90 has to overcome the greater tension of the spring 70, the stable position is broken and the crank arm jumps into a labile position

Thus, the entire tension of the mechanism is interrupted and the contact lever 50 rotates about the axis 24 counterclockwise under the influence of a spring 70, which provides the opening force. In this case, the lever arm 53 is detached from the fixed contact 60 and reaches the off position (Fig. 3).

When the manually operated rotary lever 10 is not rigidly held, it is pulled by a tension spring 80 which, by acting on the pull lever 30 ^, pulls it into position according to FIG. 3, whereby the hand lever now rests against the opposite stop 23. In this case, the axis 31 moves

Claims (6)

Patent Claims A circuit breaker assembly comprising a manually operated rotary lever (10) and an associated pivoting crankshaft (30, 40) in a stable position above a dead end with almost straight pivot arms (30, 40), a rotating contact lever (50), mounted around a fixed axis in the housing (24) and resting in the process of engagement in the crank arm (30, 40) against the force of the spring (70) and rotated with its contact arm (53) in the closed position with the stationary contact where the retainer is tightened as well as a specially rotated bearing window an adjusting lever (90) by which, by means of the disconnecting cam (34) formed by one hinge arm (34), the knee joint is induced almost at right angles to the dead point and C overcomes the supporting action of the knee lever (30, 40), so that by the force of the spring (70) the contact lever (50) with its contact arm. · Β is rotated in the open position, characterized in that a pull lever (30) and U are mounted in the manually operated lever (10). - a rounded bracket (40) forming the crankshaft in its stable position e is a dead point retained by the spring (70) attached to the contact lever (50) and by the restraint surface (35) located in the withdrawal lever (35), which corresponds in particular to both the bearing locations (31, 32) and the rounded clamp ( 40), such as the restraint surface (35), unilaterally restricting the path above the dead point (X) of the crank arm (30, 40) in the free stem of the clamp (42.1), is I II along a circular line about the axis 21 of the rotary lever, and thus the application point at which the spring acts on the hook 33, to such an extent that a strong right-hand torque pulls the pulling lever 30, and thus the rounded bracket 40 into a stable position. The stem 42.1, guided in the recess 51 of the contact lever with sufficient clearance but laterally narrow, can only deflect so far that the withdrawal lever 30, with its restraining surface 35, is securely against the stem 42.1, and the crankshaft immediately reinserts its nearly straightened position above the dead point (Fig. 3). Thus, the mechanism is again ready for inclusion. An appropriate, preferably manual, left-hand rotation of the handle 11 pushes then rotating in the opposite direction about the axis 31 of the withdrawing lever 30, together with the rounded bracket 40, as a practically rigid lever in the direction of the contact lever 50, which is pushed along its stage 51 from stem 42.1, finally reaching the position already described according to FIG. 1, inasmuch as the previously disconnecting lever 90 during switching motion, for example in a subsequent switching, does not release the mechanism. I arranged in a parallel plane to the disconnecting cam (34), directly adjacent to it, and above the dead point the rolled cam disc (34) axially coinciding with the free arm (42) acting on the lever (42) of the rounded bracket (40), it is positioned in the withdrawal lever (30) such that in the process of switching on and also when the lever (10) is switched off manually, the disconnecting cam (34) and the arm (42) are guided together by the contact lever (50) around its axis (24). ) along a precisely defined circular line with a large radius, and the lever (90) around the same center (axis 24) has a horse entrichno located on this line circular arc tripping circuit (91). A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the two hinge arms (30, 40) of the crank arm are loaded by the moment of a tension spring (80) in the direction of their position above the dead point and in their stable position they are tightened with each other upright. A mechanism according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the pull-in lever (10) is pulled in the manually actuated lever (30) by a tangentially actuating tension spring (80) simultaneously pulling the manually actuated rotary lever (10) in the direction of off, is loaded in the direction above the dead-end of the crank arm (30, 40). The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the restraint surface (35) for the clamp stem (42.1), in the functional plane of the circuit breaker, is formed between the contact lever (50) and the disconnecting cam (34) on the pull lever. (30), together with the disconnecting cam (34), the disconnecting cam Both the hump (34) and the clamp stem (42.1) are arranged in the same radius, co-axially behind each other. A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact lever (50) is a rigid lever, bearing with an elongated opening (52) on the axis fixed in the housing (24), opposite to the point of contact (53, 60). a mounting bolt (51) corresponding to the diameter of the bracket (40) and the switching movement in which the arm (42) of the bracket (40) is actuated, acting on the contact lever (50) and fitting there with its stem (42.1) at the process of switching on as well as being stabilized in the engaged position against the force of the spring (70). A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a thermal, magnetic or other shut-off body of the circuit breaker is connected to the cut-out lever (90) for termination of the stable position of the two hinge arms (30, 40), its effect being transmitted by the cut-off lever (90) of the cut-off cam (34), in this case the creep opening movement is stopped only after passing all the way over the dead point (section X ”) at the pivot point (32, 41) and the crank lever is in condition to take the action of the open socket tan lever (50) its unstable position while in a partial opening movement, near the dead point, the two hinge arms (30, 40) by operation of the clamping spring (80) are returned back to their original position over the dead point.