BE1005121A3 - Husking INSTALLATION OILSEEDS AND METHOD OF OPERATION OF THIS SYSTEM. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for hulling oil seeds and a method of operating an installation for hulling oil seeds. The process finds its application in grinding oilseeds. The installation is characterized by a two-stage hulling connected to a multi-stage separation and the use of electro-separation. The oilseed exploitation process is characterized by the extraction from each of the stages of separation of fractions into nuclei, of fractions into scales and of mixed fractions.

Description

       

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   Oilseed hulling plant and method of operating the plant.



   The invention relates to an installation for hulling oil seeds and a method of operating an installation for hulling oil seeds, in particular sunflower seeds. The process finds its application in grinding oilseeds.



   Methods for treating oil seeds and electrostatic separation of the scales from oil seeds have been disclosed in DD 108 042 and DD 217 999. In these shelling methods, the appearance of nucleus debris, and in particular of fine fractions, is caused by the action of separation, has a disadvantageous effect.



   Another known technique for shelling vegetable seeds consists in removing the scales by rubbing, by bursting or using rollers. The scales thus torn off by friction are separated from the cores in a screening under a stream of air. Here, the drawbacks clearly lie in poor hulling efficiency, insufficient removal of the scales from the seeds in the screening under air current and in a high consumption of electrical energy driven by the necessary aeraulic installations.



   The solution according to EP 066 897 is a hulling process in

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 which the vicinity of the seed edges are inflated with steam and the seed product is then quickly dried. The scales cracked as a result of the swelling peel off as a result of the contraction process caused by drying and are removed by screening under a stream of air in a subsequent process step.



   According to DE-AS 23 54 617, soybeans are released from their husks by rapid heating at very high temperature in a fluidized bed and by an impact hulling which follows. But in the case of these two solutions, huge energy costs are necessary.



   The object of the invention is to provide an installation for dehulling oil seeds and a method of operating an installation for hulling oil seeds which avoid to the greatest extent the disadvantages of known solutions and in particular require only '' low consumption of electrical energy. At the same time, aspects of air purification, relating to environmental protection techniques, are taken into account by the fact that the evacuation of charged air to the outside is avoided.



   The oilseed hulling installation according to the invention is characterized by a hulling machine comprising a primary hulling and a secondary hulling. each connected to a set of double bottom screens and to a double electro-separator; a simple electro-separator and horizontal or flat blockers: the entire installation is connected to a central suction installation.



   The operating method of an oilseed husking installation according to the invention is characterized in that a fraction of seeds not recovered from the primary husking

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 shelled, a fraction of kernels, a fraction of large scales and a fraction of fine scales as well as a mixed fraction, in that the unhulled seeds are transferred to a secondary hulling facility in which a fraction is recovered large kernels and a fraction of fine kernels.

   a large mixed fraction and a fine mixed fraction and a large shell fraction and a fine shell fraction, and in that the intermediate fractions are again subjected to separation into shell fractions and core fractions, and in that all the fractions in scales thus recovered are transferred to a flat screening.



   The invention is described below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the appended figures, which represent: FIG. 1. a technological diagram of a shelling installation: FIG. 2, a diagram representing the course of operation.



   Figure 1 shows on the left side of the diagram a shelling machine 1 which produces shelled kernels. partially shelled, and not shelled, scales and fines. This mixture is transferred to the scale separator comprising a double screening bottom stage 2a, a double electro-separator 2b. simple electro-separators 3, two flat or horizontal blockers 4, as well as a central suction installation 5.



   The figure shows that the fraction of unshelled kernels leaving the machine 1 is transferred to a second installation (right part of the diagram) also comprising a shelling machine 1, a separator comprising a stage with double screening bottom 2a and an electro- double separator 2b.

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   Processing 275 tonnes per day of sunflower seeds results in 223 tonnes of stone product and 52 tonnes of scales. The kernel product contains 10 X scales and the oil content of the scales is 4.5%.



  FIG. 2 represents the treatment diagram with indication of the masses treated for each step.


    

Claims (2)

Claims 1. Installation for shelling oil seeds, characterized by a shelling machine (1) comprising a primary shelling and a secondary shelling, each connected to a set of double bottom screens (2a) and to a double electro-separator (2b) ; a simple electro-separator (3), and horizontal blockers or planes (4): the entire installation being connected to a central suction installation (5). 2. Method for operating an installation for shelling oil seeds, in particular sunflower seeds, according to which the kernels of the scales are separated from the seeds cleaned by percussion, this installation comprising two shelling stages, a primary stage and a secondary shelling stage, with for each stage a set of double bottom screens (2a) and a double electro-separator (2b);  two simple electro-separators (3) and two flat horizontal blockers (4) as well as a central suction installation (5), characterized in that a fraction of unhulled seeds, a fraction of kernels is recovered from the primary shelling , a fraction of large scales and a fraction of scales fines as well as a mixed fraction, in that the unhulled seeds are transferred to a secondary shelling installation in which a fraction of large cores and a fraction of fines are recovered of nuclei, a coarse mixed fraction and a fine mixed fraction and a coarse shell fraction and a fine shell fraction, and in that the intermediate fractions are again subjected to separation into shell fractions and kernel fractions ,  and in that all of the shell fractions thus recovered are transferred to a planar screening.