JPH0143544B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel method for separating whole soybeans into cotyledons, germs and skins.

Although it has been known that soybean germ is rich in nutrients, in conventional soybean dehulling processes, the germ gets mixed in with the skin or in small cracks, and the germ is not separated and recovered. Furthermore, in conventional shedding treatments, cotyledons often break (small cracks) during the process, making it impossible to separate and recover cotyledons that have a beautiful original shape.

The present invention was developed in view of the above points, and allows whole soybeans to be neatly separated into half-split cotyledons, germs, and skins, with almost no loss during processing.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for separating whole soybeans into cotyledons, germs, and skins, which allows these components to be separated and recovered at an extremely high yield.

The gist of the method of the present invention is a sorting process to remove foreign substances from the raw soybeans, a heating process to soften the soybeans, an auxiliary dehulling process to create cracks in the soybeans, and peeling of the soybeans. Peeling process,
Whole soybeans are separated into cotyledons, germs, and skins by a wind-selection process to remove the peeled skin during the peeling process, and a sieving process to separate the half-split cotyledons and germ from the wind-selected soybean mixture. The problem lies in the method of separating the two.

In the sorting process, foreign substances larger than soybeans (corn, mud lumps, etc.) or smaller than soybeans (grass seeds, morning glory seeds, etc.) are removed using a sieving device, and light foreign substances are removed using a wind separator. A device that removes all types of foreign matter by removing heavy foreign matter such as stones using a stone removal device, and further removing foreign matter that has a specific gravity similar to that of soybeans but has a different shape using a roll sorter. It is.

The heating process is done to soften the soybeans to prevent them from cracking during processing, and the temperature should be between 40°C and 120°C, and the processing time will depend on the condition of the soybeans. Although it depends on the situation, it can be done in a range of from instantaneous to about 20 minutes.

The auxiliary dehulling process is performed to create cracks in the soybeans and assist the dehulling process in the dehulling process.
Cracks are created by applying stress to the soybeans.

More specifically, the auxiliary dehulling step is performed by an auxiliary dehulling machine as described in the Examples below. This auxiliary husking machine is a structure that has been adapted from a structure that has been conventionally known as a hulling machine. The basic structure of this auxiliary dehulling machine includes two rubber rollers installed with a gap between them and a hopper for feeding raw materials. The raw material soybeans that have been input are moved by the two rubber rollers that rotate at different speeds, causing cracks (splits in the skin) to occur. Of course, some parts of the skin may peel off. The distance between these two rubber rollers is set so that the soybean is suitably cracked, and is usually about 1 to 5 mm.

In addition, the rotation of the two rubber rollers, one is
The difference in rotation speed between the two is about 750 to 850 revolutions per minute.
% is suitable.

The peeling process is a process of peeling soybeans. Specifically speaking, this peeling step is carried out using a peeling machine as described in the Examples below. This peeling machine is a repurposed structure of a conventional polishing machine for polishing the surface of beans and the like. The basic structure of this peeler includes a fixed mesh drum having a plurality of rotating blades (not shown) therein, and a hopper for feeding raw materials. The raw soybeans that are fed into the net drum, that is, the soybeans cracked by the auxiliary dehulling machine, are completely peeled by the interaction between the rotating blades and the net drum. At this time, the rotation of the blades is adjusted so that the soybeans are not broken into small pieces. Dehulled soybeans, i.e. halved soybeans (cotyledons)
The germ and skin not removed by the dust collection described below travel within the mesh drum and are discharged from the product outlet.

At this time, the larger skins that move together with the cotyledons and germs in the mesh drum are collected by the dust collecting means in a direction different from the product. In addition, skin and other impurities that fall off from the mesh drum fall downward, but are collected by another dust collection means.

As mentioned above, the rotation speed of the multiple blades is adjusted to prevent the soybeans from breaking into small pieces, but usually the rotation speed is 300.
A rotation/minute level is suitable.

The wind selection process is a process in which the skins peeled off from soybeans are removed using wind power, and is carried out in a conventional manner.

The sieving step is a step for separating half-split cotyledons and germs from the wind-selected soybean mixture. The soybean mixture herein includes whole soybeans that have not yet been molted, cotyledons that have been divided into two cotyledons (half-split cotyledons), and germs.
Since it is necessary to separate each of these, a two-stage sieve is used to separate the unhulled whole soybeans and
Sieve into a mixture of half-split cotyledons and germ. For soybeans that have not been husked, the heating process may be returned to the auxiliary husking process. Next, the half-split cotyledons and the germ are separated by sieving. At this time, small cotyledons may be mixed in, but these can also be separated by sieving means if necessary.

Examples of the method of the present invention are given below.

Example: 100 kg of raw soybeans are passed through a sieve device (manufactured by Harada Sangyo Co., Ltd.) to remove foreign substances larger than soybeans (corn, mud lumps, etc.) or smaller than soybeans (grass seeds, morning glory seeds, etc.), and then passed through a destoning device. (manufactured by Harada Sangyo Co., Ltd.) to remove mixed stones, etc., and passed through a roll sorter (manufactured by Harada Sangyo Co., Ltd.) to remove irregularly shaped objects. Next, a heating machine (manufactured by Harada Sangyo Co., Ltd.) is used to heat the air to a temperature of approximately 100°C.
Heat the product at a temperature of about 60°C for about 5 minutes, then use an auxiliary dehulling machine (manufactured by Harada Sangyo Co., Ltd.) (the distance between the two rubber rollers is 1~
5mm, the rotation of two rubber rollers is 809 for one
The rotation speed of the other one was 1050 rotations/minute, and the difference in rotation speed between the two was about 20%. ) to cause cracks in the soybeans, and then a peeling machine (Harada Sangyo) to crack the soybeans.
Co., Ltd.) (the number of rotations of the plurality of blades was 300 revolutions/minute). Next, the wind separator (Harada Sangyo)
The peel was removed using a multi-stage sieve (manufactured by Harada Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and the cotyledons and germs were separated. In other words, the wind-selected soybean mixture is passed through the first sieve to obtain unmolded whole soybeans (returned to the heating process), a mixture of cotyledons separated into two cotyledons (half-split cotyledons) and germ. Then, the mixture was passed through a second sieve to separate the half-split cotyledons and the germ.

The skin accounts for approximately 8.5% of the total amount of soybeans, and according to this example, approximately 8.5% of the total amount of the skin could be separated.
In addition, approximately 2.5% of the total amount of the embryo can be separated while keeping its shape, and the cotyledons are almost never broken.
The whole soybean had a so-called half-split shape, and could be separated neatly. It was found that about 1% of the total amount was lost as water.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sorting process to remove foreign substances from the raw soybeans, a heating process to make the soybeans soft, an auxiliary dehulling process to create cracks in the soybeans, a dehulling process to peel the soybeans, and a dehulling process. A method for separating whole soybeans into cotyledons and germs, comprising a wind-selection process for removing the peeled skin, and a sieving process for separating cotyledons and germs from the wind-selected soybean mixture. How to separate into skins.