AU743445B2 - A yarn for articifial grass, a method of manufacturing said yarn and a field of artificial grass in which said yarn is incorporated - Google Patents

A yarn for articifial grass, a method of manufacturing said yarn and a field of artificial grass in which said yarn is incorporated Download PDF

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Publication number
AU743445B2
AU743445B2 AU84661/98A AU8466198A AU743445B2 AU 743445 B2 AU743445 B2 AU 743445B2 AU 84661/98 A AU84661/98 A AU 84661/98A AU 8466198 A AU8466198 A AU 8466198A AU 743445 B2 AU743445 B2 AU 743445B2
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Prior art keywords
polypropylene
yarn
artificial grass
polyamide
yam
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AU84661/98A
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AU8466198A (en
Inventor
Jan Frans Marie Geerts
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Tapijtfabriek H Desseaux NV
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Tapijtfabriek H Desseaux NV
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/445—Yarns or threads for use in floor fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
    • D10B2505/202—Artificial grass

Abstract

The invention relates to a yarn containing polyamide for producing artificial grass, wherein said yarn, in addition to polyamide, also contains a polyolefin compound selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene. The invention furthermore relates to a method of manufacturing such a yarn, and also to a field of articifial grass made from such yarns.

Description

A yam for artificial grass, a method of manufacturing said yam and a field of artificial grass in which said yam is incorporated.
The invention relates to a yam containing polyamide for producing artificial grass. The invention furthermore relates to a method of manufacturing said yam and to a field of artificial grass in which said yam is incorporated.
Such a yam for a field of artificial grass is known from Japanese patent publication JP 7048778A. The field of artificial grass is obtained by intertwining polyamide fibre and PE fibre in a base layer. More in particular, the method comprises the provision in a base layer, in a pile length of 25 mm, of a yam by twisting split yarn made of5000d polyamide and split yam made of 5000d high density PE.
Such a yam is also known from Japanese patent publication JP 09119036A, wherein a yam for artificial turf pile is formed by melt-spinning a polyamide resin composition comprising 70 99 by weight ofa polyamide resin and 1 30 by o weight of a polyethylene resin.
15 From EP-A-0 648 868 a yam is furthermore known which is used for making artificial grass, which yam is manufactured of polypropylene or of a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene. •0 Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.
According to a first aspect the invention provides a yam including polyamide for producing artificial grass, wherein said yam, in addition to polyamide, also includes a polyolefin compound selected from the group consisting ofpolypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, wherein the amount of polyamide is 20-80% by weight and the amount of said polyolefin compound is 20-80% by weight.
According to a second aspect the invention provides a method of manufacturing a yam according to the first aspect by extruding polymer to form monofilaments, which are subsequently processed into bands, with several bands being twisted to form a yam, and possibly with several yarns being twined to form a composite yam, wherein monofilaments are extruded from one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer ofpolypropylene and polyethylene, and from polyamide, or in that monofilaments are extruded from a mixture of one of the polyolefins from the group ofpolypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of z polypropylene and polyethylene on the one hand and polyamide on the other hand.
-la- According to a third aspect the invention provides a method of manufacturing a yam according to the first aspect by starting from a foil which is cut into bands, with several bands being twisted to form a yamrn, and possibly with several yarns being twined to form a composite yam, wherein a foil is made from a polymer which, in addition to polyamide, includes a polyolefin compound selected from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer ofpolypropylene and polyethylene, or in that on the one hand a foil is made from one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer ofpolypropylene and polyethylene and in that on the other hand a foil is made from polyamide, after which the bands obtained from said two foils may be processed to form said composite yam.
According to a fourth aspect the invention provides a method of manufacturing yams according to the first aspect, wherein said yarn is obtained by co-extrusion, wherein the cladding consists of polyamide, and wherein the core includes of one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of g S• 15 polypropylene and polyethylene.
According to a fifth aspect the invention provides a field of artificial grass made from artificial grass fibres, wherein said artificial grass fibres are manufactured from a yam as defined in the first aspect.
In particular it is preferred for the yam to contain 20 80 by weight of polypropylene and 80 20 by weight ofpolyamide. The use of this specific mixture of polypropylene and polyamide leads to improved mechanical properties of the artificial S•grass, which mechanical properties are considerably better than those ofpolypropylene and polyamide individually.
WO 99/04074 PCT/NL98/00413 2 In a preferred embodiment of the yarn according to the present invention, a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene is used. A particularly suitable block copolymer is the polypropylene/polyethylene block copolymer as described in European patent application No. 0 359 321, which document may be considered to be incorporated herein, which block copolymer is marketed by Solvay, Belgium with a melt flow index of about 4. Such a preferred yarn is preferably composed of 20 80 by weight of block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, and 20 80 by weight of polyamide.
In specified embodiments it is also possible, however, to produce a yarn which, in addition to polyamide, contains the polymer LLDPE (Linear Low Density Polyethylene). Such a yarn is preferably composed of 20 80 by weight of LLDPE and 20 80 by weight of polyamide.
Although a polyamide resin composition of polyamide resin and a polyethylene composition containing 50 100 by weight of LLDPE and 0 50 by weight of a maleic acid anhydride modified polyethylene resin is known from Japanese patent publication JP 09119036A, it should be understood that the present composition of 20 80 by weight of LLDPE and 20 80 by weight of polyamide is essentially different from the composition which is mentioned in said Japanese patent publication.
From JP-A-5,171,613 it is known to manufacture artificial grass from various polymers. Said Japanese patent publication mentions a large number of polymers, among which polypropylene and Nylon.
It does not describe a yarn which is made from the present combination of polypropylene and/or polyethylene and polyamide, however. Nor does said Japanese patent publication disclose a method of manufacturing the yarn as used in accordance with the invention.
JP-A-3,279,419 discloses a fibre which consists of Nylon which is mixed with polypropylene. Said fibre has been used for making clothes. Said Japanese patent publication does not describe the use of such a mixture of polymers for manufacturing artificial grass.
US patent No. 5,597,650 discloses a carpet yarn having special properties as regards flame retardation and resistance to stains.
Said yarn consists of a polyolefin matrix, preferably polypropylene, in which smaller polyamide fibrils are embedded. Said US patent does not describe the use of such a yarn for manufacturing artificial grass.
WO 99/04074 PCTINL9/00413 3 According to the method which is used in particular for producing yarns which are used for manufacturing artificial grass, the polymer is extruded to form monofilaments, which are subsequently processed into bands, with several bands being twisted to form a yarn, and possibly with several yarns being twined to form a composite yarn.
This method is characterized in that monofilaments are extruded from one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, and that monofilaments are extruded from polyamide, or in that monofilaments are extruded from a mixture of one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene on the one hand and polyamide on the other hand. Furthermore it is preferred to process in particular the monofilaments of the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene into a first yarn containing the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene, and to process the monofilaments of polyamide into a second yarn containing polyamide, after which the two yarns are joined to form a composite yarn. Then the artificial grass is manufactured of said composite yarn. In specified embodiments, however, it is preferred to use a yarn of the block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene on the one hand and a yarn of polyamide on the other hand as separate yarns for producing a field of artificial grass. Experiments have shown that fields of artificial grass produced in this manner exhibit better mechanical properties than fields of artificial grass according to the prior art as described above. Such a method of producing monofilaments is described in European patent No. 0 648 868, which document may be considered to be incorporated herein.
Furthermore it is preferred to use co-extrusion in manufacturing the yarn according to the present invention. According to such a method, the core is built up of one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLPDE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, and the cladding is built up of polyamide. Under certain circumstances it is preferred to exchange the aforesaid core and cladding materials, so that a core of polyamide is obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the use of monofilaments, and in a special embodiment it is preferred to use one of the yarns from the group of fibrillated yarn of the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene, fibrillated yarn of HDPE, fibrillated yarn WO 99/04074 PCT/NL98/00413 4 of LLDPE, fibrillated yarn of polypropylene on the one hand and a yarn of fibrillated polyamide yarn on the other hand. The method of producing fibrillated yarn is described in European patent application No. 0 263 566, which application may be considered to be incorporated herein. Thus, in a special embodiment of the method according to the present invention a foil is made from a polymer which, in addition to polyamide, also contains a polyolefin compound selected from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, which foil is cut into bands, wjth several bands being twisted to form a yarn, and possibly with several yarns being twined to form a composite yarn. According to such a method it is also possible on the one hand to make a foil from one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene and on the other hand to make a foil from polyamide, after which the bands obtained from said two foils may be processed to form said composite yarn. A combination of monofilaments and fibrillated yarns, preferably monofilaments of polyamide and fibrillated yarn of the block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, is also suitable for manufacturing the composite yarn.
The invention will be explained in more detail hereafter by means of the following examples.
Example 1 Monofilaments were obtained by extrusion of the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene on the one hand and by extrusion of polyamide on the other hand, and after stretching said monofilaments, bands were obtained. A method as indicated in example 1 of EP-A-O 648 868 was thereby used for the block copolymer. The bands were processed to form a yarn, thus producing the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene yarn consisting of four non-twisted bands each having a yarn number of 1100 dtex on the one hand and a polyamide yarn consisting of non-twisted bands each having a yarn number of 666 dtex on the other hand. Said two yarn types were twined to form a composite yarn having a yarn number of 8400 dtex. Said composite yarn was then knitted and fixed so as to obtain a teasing effect, after which the teased composite yarn was used for obtaining a carpet for artificial grass.
To this end the yarn was tufted with 300 stitches per running metre, and a pile height of 12.5 mm, resulting in a pile insert weight of 1750 g/m 2 WO 99/04074 PCT/NL98/00413 The carpet thus obtained was subjected to various tests in order to determine the mechanical properties, such as the tretrad test for determining the fibrillation, the Taber test for determining the weight loss and the Leroux test for determining the sliding properties.
The data that were obtained are shown in table A.
Table A Block copolymer Polyamide Composite yarn of of polyamide polypropylene and block and copolymer of polyethylene polypropylene and polyethylene tretrad post- no post- no postfibrillation fibrillation fibrillation Taber (g/m 2 loss 2000 t 0.38 0.56 0.32 5000 t 0.93 1.49 0.76 sliding Leroux dry 0.790 0.760 0.772 wet 0.537 0.440 0.390 The data in this table show that the artificial grass made from the combination of the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene and polyamide did not exhibit any post-fibrillation, so that a much better result is obtained than with artificial grass made from a polypropylene-containing polymer, that the weight loss results as measured by means of the Taber test are much better than.with the artificial grass made from the block copolymer of polyethylene and polyethylene and with the artificial grass made from polyamide, that the sliding results as measured by means of the Leroux test are much better in wet conditions, and that the sliding results of artificial grass made from polyamide are slightly better only in dry conditions. Furthermore it has become apparent that burn tests in accordance with BS 4790 show a low value for the artificial grass according to the invention, which value is comparable WO 99/04074 PCT/NL98/00413 6 with that of artificial grass made from polyamide, but which is better than that of artificial grass made from polypropylene-containing polymer.
Summarizing the above it can be stated, therefore, that the results obtained with the artificial grass according to the invention are better than the results that could be expected with artificial grass of polyamide or with artificial grass of polypropylene-containing polymer.
This shows that a synergetic effect is obtained with the combination of starting materials according to the invention.
Example 2 The artificial grass was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. A field of artificial grass scattered in with sand was composed, to which end the yarn was tufted with 140 stitches per running metre and a pile height of 34 mm, as a result of which a pile insert weight of 970 g/m 2 was obtained. The carpet thus obtained was subjected to tests comparable with the tests of Example 1. It has become apparent thereby that, also in the case of a field of artificial grass scattered in with sand, the mechanical properties of the yarn composed of the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene and polyamide were much better than those of yarns for fields of artificial grass which were made from polypropylene and from polyamide.
Example 3 Monofilaments were obtained by extrusion of the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene on the one hand and by extrusion of polyamide on the other hand, and after stretching said monofilaments, bands were obtained. A method as indicated in example 1 of EP-A-O 648 868 was thereby used for the block copolymer, so as to obtain a block copolymer having a yarn number of 8800 dtex consisting of 8 bands, each having a yarn number of 1100 dtex. Then a polyamide having a yarn number of 4000 dtex, which consisted of 6 bands, was twined with a polyamide having a yarn number of 4000 dtex, which consisted of 6 bands, to form a yarn having a yarn number of 8000 dtex, which consisted of 12 bands. In order to be subjected to a tufting operation, the block copolymer yarn was preferably threaded on the uneven positions on the creel of the tufting machines, whilst the polyamid yarn was threaded on the even positions. It is also possible, however, to use other position settings.
The carpet for artificial grass, which was built up of separate yarns of block copolymer and polyamide, was tufted with 310 stitches per running WO 99/04074 PCT/NL98/00413 7 metre, and a pile height of 12.5 mm, resulting in a pile insert weight of 1750 g/m 2 The carpet thus obtained was subjected to tests comparable with the tests of Example 1. It has become apparent thereby that, also in the case of a field of artificial grass, whether or not scattered in with sand, the mechanical properties of the field of artificial grass made from the block copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene and polyamide were much better than those of fields of artificial grass made from polypropylene and from polyamide.

Claims (13)

1. A yam including polyamide for producing artificial grass, wherein said yam, in addition to polyamide, also includes a polyolefin compound selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, wherein the amount of polyamide is 20-80% by weight and the amount of said polyolefin compound is 20-80% by weight.
2. A yam according to claim 1 wherein the polyolefin compound is polypropylene.
3. A yam according to claim 1 wherein the polyolefin compound is a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene.
4. A yam according to claim 1 wherein the polyolefin compound is LLDPE. A method of manufacturing a yam according to any one of claims 1-4 by extruding polymer to form monofilaments, which are subsequently processed into bands, with several bands being twisted to form a yam, and possibly with several yams being twined to form a composite yam, wherein monofilaments are extruded from one of the 15 polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, and from polyamide, or in that monofilaments are extruded from a mixture of one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene on the one hand and polyamide on the other hand. 20 6. A method according to claim 5, wherein a yarn is manufactured from the block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, and that a yam is manufactured from polyamide, whereupon said composite yam is made from the two yams of the block copolymer of polyethylene/polypropylene and polyamide, after which artificial grass fibres are made from said composite yam. 25 7. A method of manufacturing a yam according to any one of claims 1-4 by starting from a foil which is cut into bands, with several bands being twisted to form a yam, and possibly with several yams being twined to form a composite yam, wherein a foil is made from a polymer which, in addition to polyamide, includes a polyolefin compound selected from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, or in that on the one hand a foil is made from one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene and in that on the other hand a foil is made from polyamide, after which the bands obtained from said two foils may be processed to form said composite yam.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein a yarn is manufactured from the block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene, and that a yam is manufactured from polyamide, whereupon artificial grass fibres are made from the composite yam obtained from said two yars.
9. A method of manufacturing yarns according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein said yarn is obtained by co-extrusion, wherein the cladding includes polyamide, and wherein the core includes one of the polyolefins from the group of polypropylene, LLDPE and a block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene.
10. A field of artificial grass made from artificial grass fibres, wherein said artificial grass fibres are manufactured from a yarn as defined in any one of claims 1-4.
11. A field of artificial grass made from artificial grass fibres, wherein said artificial grass fibres are manufactured in accordance with a method as defined in any one of claims 5 9.
12. A field of artificial grass according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein said artificial grass fibres have been obtained from a composite yarn, composed of the polyamide yarn manufactured in accordance with the method as defined in claim 5 or claim 6, and of the yarn of the block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene manufactured in accordance with the method as defined in claim 7 or claim 8. o 13. A field of artificial grass according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein said artificial grass fibres 00 15 have been obtained from the polyamide yarn manufactured in accordance with the method as :0 defined in claim 5 or claim 6, and from the yarn of the block copolymer of polypropylene and .•polyethylene manufactured in accordance with the method as defined in claim 7 or claim 8.
14. A field of artificial grass according to any one of claims 10- 13, wherein said field is a field 0 of artificial grass which is scattered in with sand.
15. A yarn for producing artificial grass substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention in the accompanying examples.
16. A method of manufacturing a yarn for producing artificial grass substantially as herein 00.0 :described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention in the accompanying examples.
17. A field of artificial grass substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention in the accompanying examples. DATED this 17th Day of October, 2000 TAPIJTFABRIEK H. DESSEAUX N.V. Attorney: CHARLES W. TANSEY Registered Patent Attorney of The Institute of Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys of Australia of BALDWIN SHELSTON WATERS 63SUl RA,4N 00A 632AUPO0DOC
AU84661/98A 1997-07-17 1998-07-16 A yarn for articifial grass, a method of manufacturing said yarn and a field of artificial grass in which said yarn is incorporated Ceased AU743445B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1006606 1997-07-17
NL1006606A NL1006606C2 (en) 1997-07-17 1997-07-17 Yarn for artificial grass, method of manufacturing the yarn and artificial grass field in which said yarn is incorporated.
PCT/NL1998/000413 WO1999004074A1 (en) 1997-07-17 1998-07-16 A yarn for articifial grass, a method of manufacturing said yarn and a field of artificial grass in which said yarn is incorporated

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Publication Number Publication Date
AU8466198A AU8466198A (en) 1999-02-10
AU743445B2 true AU743445B2 (en) 2002-01-24

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EP (1) EP0996781B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE226652T1 (en)
AU (1) AU743445B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69808917T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2187985T5 (en)
NL (1) NL1006606C2 (en)
NZ (1) NZ502027A (en)
WO (1) WO1999004074A1 (en)

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AU8466198A (en) 1999-02-10
ATE226652T1 (en) 2002-11-15
ES2187985T5 (en) 2012-04-26
DE69808917T3 (en) 2012-07-26
EP0996781B1 (en) 2002-10-23
EP0996781A1 (en) 2000-05-03
NL1006606C2 (en) 1999-01-19
DE69808917D1 (en) 2002-11-28
EP0996781B2 (en) 2011-12-21
WO1999004074A1 (en) 1999-01-28
DE69808917T2 (en) 2003-06-18
ES2187985T3 (en) 2003-06-16

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