AU695720B2 - Vaccine comprising a polysaccharide antigen-carrier protein conjugate and free carrier protein - Google Patents
Vaccine comprising a polysaccharide antigen-carrier protein conjugate and free carrier proteinInfo
- Publication number
- AU695720B2 AU695720B2 AU62221/96A AU6222196A AU695720B2 AU 695720 B2 AU695720 B2 AU 695720B2 AU 62221/96 A AU62221/96 A AU 62221/96A AU 6222196 A AU6222196 A AU 6222196A AU 695720 B2 AU695720 B2 AU 695720B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- vaccine
- carrier protein
- polysaccharide
- antigen
- combined vaccine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 102000014914 Carrier Proteins Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 108010078791 Carrier Proteins Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 206010013023 diphtheria Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010043376 Tetanus Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000005702 Pertussis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000709721 Hepatovirus A Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000588653 Neisseria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193998 Streptococcus pneumoniae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940047650 haemophilus influenzae Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000700721 Hepatitis B virus Species 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229940031000 streptococcus pneumoniae Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940031348 multivalent vaccine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000005847 immunogenicity Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108010060123 Conjugate Vaccines Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 5
- 229940001442 combination vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229940031670 conjugate vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- ALEBYBVYXQTORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydrazinyl-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O ALEBYBVYXQTORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241000700588 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229940124915 Infanrix Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011672 OFA rat Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 241001454523 Quillaja saponaria Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000725643 Respiratory syncytial virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000999689 Saimiriine herpesvirus 2 (strain 11) Transcriptional regulator ICP22 homolog Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012506 Sephacryl® Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 241000223996 Toxoplasma Species 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031567 attenuated vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ATDGTVJJHBUTRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanogen bromide Chemical compound BrC#N ATDGTVJJHBUTRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005097 diphtheria vaccines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002523 gelfiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940045808 haemophilus influenzae type b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- SPSXSWRZQFPVTJ-ZQQKUFEYSA-N hepatitis b vaccine Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1N=CN=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)OC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N)C1=CC=CC=C1 SPSXSWRZQFPVTJ-ZQQKUFEYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124736 hepatitis-B vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SYECJBOWSGTPLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCC(N)N SYECJBOWSGTPLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002480 immunoprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940029583 inactivated polio vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101710130522 mRNA export factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031346 monovalent vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940066827 pertussis vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000012498 secondary active transmembrane transporter activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940118376 tetanus toxin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002766 tetanus vaccines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052613 viral pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/09—Lactobacillales, e.g. aerococcus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, streptococcus
- A61K39/092—Streptococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0016—Combination vaccines based on diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/05—Actinobacteria, e.g. Actinomyces, Streptomyces, Nocardia, Bifidobacterium, Gardnerella, Corynebacterium; Propionibacterium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/08—Clostridium, e.g. Clostridium tetani
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/095—Neisseria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/102—Pasteurellales, e.g. Actinobacillus, Pasteurella; Haemophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
- A61K39/125—Picornaviridae, e.g. calicivirus
- A61K39/13—Poliovirus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
- A61K39/29—Hepatitis virus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/10—Antimycotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55505—Inorganic adjuvants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
- A61K2039/6031—Proteins
- A61K2039/6037—Bacterial toxins, e.g. diphteria toxoid [DT], tetanus toxoid [TT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/70—Multivalent vaccine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2730/00—Reverse transcribing DNA viruses
- C12N2730/00011—Details
- C12N2730/10011—Hepadnaviridae
- C12N2730/10111—Orthohepadnavirus, e.g. hepatitis B virus
- C12N2730/10134—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2770/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses positive-sense
- C12N2770/00011—Details
- C12N2770/32011—Picornaviridae
- C12N2770/32611—Poliovirus
- C12N2770/32634—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US47263995A | 1995-06-07 | 1995-06-07 | |
| US472639 | 1995-06-07 | ||
| GB9512827 | 1995-06-23 | ||
| GBGB9512827.8A GB9512827D0 (en) | 1995-06-23 | 1995-06-23 | Vaccines |
| GBGB9513443.3A GB9513443D0 (en) | 1995-07-01 | 1995-07-01 | Vaccines |
| GB9513443 | 1995-07-01 | ||
| GB9525657 | 1995-12-15 | ||
| GBGB9525657.4A GB9525657D0 (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1995-12-15 | Vaccines |
| PCT/EP1996/002436 WO1996040242A1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1996-06-04 | Vaccine comprising a polysaccharide antigen-carrier protein conjugate and free carrier protein |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU6222196A AU6222196A (en) | 1996-12-30 |
| AU695720B2 true AU695720B2 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
Family
ID=27451300
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU62221/96A Ceased AU695720B2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1996-06-04 | Vaccine comprising a polysaccharide antigen-carrier protein conjugate and free carrier protein |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP1090642B8 (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JP4233113B2 (enExample) |
| AT (2) | ATE400295T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU695720B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9608612A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2221511C (enExample) |
| CZ (1) | CZ390297A3 (enExample) |
| DE (2) | DE69637597D1 (enExample) |
| DK (1) | DK1090642T3 (enExample) |
| ES (2) | ES2164251T5 (enExample) |
| HU (1) | HUP9802199A3 (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL122431A0 (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO975555L (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ311000A (enExample) |
| PT (1) | PT1090642E (enExample) |
| SI (1) | SI1090642T1 (enExample) |
| TR (1) | TR199701547T1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1996040242A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (71)
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| CN104159603A (zh) | 2012-03-08 | 2014-11-19 | 诺华股份有限公司 | 带有tlr4激动剂的联合疫苗 |
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| WO2018074296A1 (ja) | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-26 | 一般財団法人化学及血清療法研究所 | 低分子化ＰＲＰを用いたＨｉｂコンジュゲートワクチンの製造方法 |
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- 1996-06-04 ES ES96920790T patent/ES2164251T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-04 EP EP00203772A patent/EP1090642B8/en not_active Revoked
- 1996-06-04 TR TR97/01547T patent/TR199701547T1/xx unknown
- 1996-06-04 AU AU62221/96A patent/AU695720B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-04 JP JP50014697A patent/JP4233113B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-04 SI SI9630763T patent/SI1090642T1/sl unknown
- 1996-06-04 DE DE69637597T patent/DE69637597D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1996-06-04 DE DE69615362T patent/DE69615362T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |