AU602051B2 - Disintegrating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

AU-Ai-405 /88 PT WORLD INTELLECTUAL Pr PEI^YORL ,ZA 5 1 INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (51) International Patent Classification 4 (11) International Publication Number: WO 88/ 04578 B02C 13/02, 18/00 Al (43) International Publication Date: 30 June 1988 (30.06.88) (21) International Application Number: PCT/SE87/00606 (81) Designated States: AT, AT (European patent), AU, BB, BE (European patent), BG, BJ (OAPI patent), BR, (22) International Filing Date: 15 December 1987 (15.12.87) CF (OAPI patent), CG (OAPI patent), CH, CH (European patent), CM (OAPI patent), DE, DE (European patent), DK, FI, FR (European patent), GA (31) Priority Application Number: 8605396-4 (OAPI patent), GB, GB (European patent), HU, IT (European patent), JP, KP, KR, LK, LU, LU (Euro- (32) Priority Date: 16 December 1986 (16.12.86) pean patent), MC, MG, ML (OAPI patent), MR (OA- PI patent), MW, NL, NL (European patent), NO, (33) Priority Country: SE RO, SD, SE, SE (European patent), SN (OAPI patent), SU, TD (OAPI patent), TG (OAPI patent), US.

(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): AB SANDARNE INDUSTRIMASKINER [SE/SE]; PO Published Box 26, S-820 22 Sandarne With international search report.

In English translation (filed in Swedish).

(72) Inventors; and Inventors/Applicants (for US only) NYBERG, lan-Erik A. 1 [SE/SE]; FAlnasvigen I1, S-826 00 Sbderhamn J.P. 1 8 AUG 188 SVENSSON, Holger [SE/SE]; Solbacka, S-820 22 Sandarne AUSTRALIAN (74) Agent: AWAPATENT AB; S6derhamns Patentbyra, 15 JUL 988 Box 42, S-820 20 Ljusne (SE).

OFFICE

This document contains the PATENT OFFICE amendments n-ade under Section 49 and is correct for printi ng.

(54) Title: DISINTEGRATING APP AT 2 A disintegrating apparatus comprising a material infeed hopper and a rotatable shaft mounted in an elongate opening in a frame disposed 22 under the hopper. The shaft comprises a plurality of helically arranged and axially spaced-apart working means which cooperate with holding-up means r (12) in the area of a front longitudinal side edge of the opening The hopper is hingedly connected 21 to the frame so that, if necessary, the hopper can be swung up while to give access to the shaft. In addition 3 to said holding-up means the apparatus comnprises a second set of holding-up means (16) mounted at the rear longitudinal side edge (11) of the opening 1 and adapted to prevent large objects from passing down the back way between the shaft and the rear r 1 4 longitudinal side edge (11) and to cooperate with the working means upon reversal of the direction of shaft rotation, so as to provide at least a certain de- x 1 gree of disintegration of material also in reversed operation. -r a 1 i;i COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (Original) FOR OFFICE USE Class Int. Class 0@ 0 0 000 0* 0 0004 0 Application Number: Lodged: Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Published: Priority: Related Art: 00.* 0 *00* *0 0 Name of Applicant: Address of Applicant: AB Sandarne Industrimaskiner Box 26, Sandarne S-820 22, Sweden Actual Inventor(s) Jan-Erik NYBERG, Holger SVENSSON Address for Service: DAVIES COLLISON, Patent Attorneys, 1 Little Collins Street, Melbourne, 3000.

Complete Specification for the invention entitled: "DISINTEGRATING APPARATUS" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us: 1 1J t- 11 la DISINTEGRATING APPARATUS Technical field of the invention The invention relates to a disintegrating apparatus.

Prior art technique A disintegrating apparatus having a fixed infeed hopper but otherwise designed as described above, is described in SE patent specification 7606019-3. An essential advantage of this prior art apparatus is its ability to crush or disintegrate very large and solid i....objects, such as logs, clumps of concrete, pieces of S steel etc. The apparatus is therefore especially suited for chipping or disintegrating demolition timber to be 15 used as fuel. In actual practice, it is however an *annoying disadvantage that some kinds of objects may pass down the back way between the shaft and the rear longitudinal side edge of the shaft opening without being worked by the knives or beaters of the shaft. This means on the one hand that unworked objects which are considerably larger than the maximum fraction size allowed, may be carried along by the accept material and, on the other hand, that such relatively large objects may be wedged between the shaft and an underlying bottom wall and, consequently, interfere with the operation of the apparatus. This phenomenon is particularly annoying when the direction of rotation of the shaft is reversed after such wedging has occurred in normal operation since, in reversed operation, the actual working means will actively strive to carry the material collected in the

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hopper towards the rear longitudinal side edge of the shaft opening. A further disadvantage of the prior art apparatus is that complicated and time-consuming measures are required in connection with service, e.g. upon exchange of the working means and holding-up means. In case of serious jamming, for example if a heavy steel girder or the like has got stuck between the working SAL 7, spe.003,ky10553.spe,1 Ll Z'0 L 11_1_ i r*r*~ i

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SE patent specification 8001602-5 discloses a disintegrating apparatus in which the infeed hopper is hingedly connected to the associated frame so that, if necessary, the hopper can be swung up to uncover two cooperating shafts which are provided with working means in the forin of knives or cutting edges. However, the frame of this apparatus comprises no holding-up means or counter-blades, but the working means mesh in the area where the two parallel shafts touch each other.

Brief description of the inventive idea The present invention aims at eliminating the above- 15 mentioned disadvantages and providing a disintegrating apparatus which in a reliable manner produces a uniformly worked accept material of a given maximum fraction size and which is easily serviced.

According to the present invention there is provided a disintegrating apparatus comprising a frame which has an elongate opening, a rotatable shaft which is mounted in said elongate opening, said shaft comprising a plurality of axially spaced-apart lugs projecting from said shaft and being helically arranged along the 25 circumference of said shaft, said lugs co-operating with a first set of spaced-apart holding-up means which are mounted in the area of a frontal l.1ngitudinal side edge of said opening and which are located in the axially spaced-apart spaces formed between adjacent lugs, said apparatus further comprising, a second set of spacedapart holding-up means which are mounted at the rear longitudinal side edge of said opening and which, like said first set of holding-up means, are located in the axially spaced-apart spaces formed between adjacent lugs so as to prevent large objects from passing down backwards between said shaft and said rear longitudinal side edge of said opening and to co-operate with said 900717 spe.003,kyIO53pe,2

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lugs upon reversal of the direction of shaft rotation in order to provide at least a certain degree of disintegration of material also upon reversed operation of said apparatus.

According to a preferred embodiment of the inventive apparatus, the shaft is divided into at least three parts, viz. a central part comprising said working means, and two end parts engaging with bearings which are mounted in the frame in the area outside the end walls of the shaft opening, the central part of the shaft being dismountable without necessitating simultaneous dismounting of said bearings and end parts, respectively.

Brief description of the accompanying drawings 15 In the drawings: Fig.l is a simplified end view of an embodiment of the inventive apparatus, Fig.2 is an enlarged section of the same apparatus, some components being omitted, Fig.3 is a perspective view of a central part of the working shaft, and Fig.4 and 5 are two longitudinal sections of the shaft in its mounted and dismounted state, respectively.

Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention In Figs 1 and 2, a frame or stand is generally designated 1 and may in practice preferably be mounted on a mobile unit, e.g. a wheel-mounted vehicle, but can also be stationary, and an infeed hopper in the form of a pocket is designated 2. In an elongate opening 3 in the area of the bottom of the hopper 2, there is mounted a rotatable shaft 4 comprising a plurality of axially spaced-apart working means 5. As shown in Fig.3, the working means are preferably helically ik10553.spe 00 7Ag nspf 03.ky10553.spe.3 -a- I -n~ 4 distributed along the circumference of the shaft so as not to engage all at once with the material or objects to be disintegrated, but instead one by one.

As is further shown in Fig. 3, the working means may preferably be crescent-shaped jaws 5' which are detachably connected to the shaft, e.g. via bolt joints, and which comprise cutting tools 5" which in turn are detachably mounted on the jaws.

In practice, the hopper 2 may have a length or axial extension which is at least twice the width of the hopper, said hopper comprising two longitudinal S•side walls 6, 7 and two end walls 8,9, of which at least the longitudinal side walls 6,7 preferably cono".verge downwardly to the bottom end opening 3 of the 15 hopper. The longitudinal side edges defining the bottom

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se s:end opening 3 are in Fig. 2 designated 10 and 11.

Fig. 2 also illustrates that in normal operation the shaft 4 is adapted to rotate in a clockwise direction as shown by the arrows.

In the area of the first or front longitudinal ee side edge 10 of the opening 3, there are arranged holding-up means or holding-up tools 12 which, in 0. practice, preferably have the shape of jaws detachably •mounted on a frame member 1' which is pivoted to a shaft 13. The individual holding-up jaw 12 is arranged *.in the space between neighbouring working means on the shaft 4 and substantially fills the space therer o o S" between, such that the individual working means will pass the holding-up means, with their side edges close to the holding-up means. Normally, the holdingup means 12 are positioned with their outer end adjacent the periphery or circumference of the shaft 4, but by means of a preferably double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, the frame member 1' and thus the holding-up means 12 may be pulled back from the normal position as shown to a position spaced therefrom. Consequently, the holding-up means can be set or adjusted to provide 'j3 II varying degrees of working depending on the varying types of material. Besides, the frame member I' can, by means of the hydraulic cylinder 14, also be lowered to the position indicated by dash-dots lines, in which position the holding-up means are considerably spaced from the shaft 4 so as to facilitate the maintenance of the holding-up means. In this context, it should be observed that the frame member I' is spaced from the overlying hopper 2 via a thin dividing gap designated According to the invention, there are arranged also at the rear longitudinal side edge 11 of the opening 3 holding-up means 16 in the form of jaws or the like which are detachably mounted on the associe e 15 ated frame member In conformity with the first set of holding-up means 12, the holding-up means 16 of this second set are arranged in each of the axially spaced-apart spaces which are formed between neighbouring working means 5 on the shaft 4. This means that the •e 20 material collected in the lower portion of the hopper 2 cannot get past the space between the circumference of the shaft 4 and the edge 11, unless the size of the material is less than the width of the individual gap between neighbouring holding-up means 16 and, respectively, the distance between the shaft and the edge 11. In other words, only such small objects can :pass between the shaft 4 and the rear edge 11, which otherwise could pass via the spaces between the front holding-up means 12.

The frame member 1" which is pivotable about a shaft 13' is rigidly connected or built together with the overlying hopper 2 and can, together with the hopper, be swung aside, viz. by means of at least one second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 17. During operation, the hopper 2 is secured in its upright position indicated by full lines in Fig. 1, by means of a locking pin 18 which engages into with coinciding

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6 holes in a lug 19 on the frame 1 and in arms 20 extending from the infeed hopper 2. After disengagement of the locking pin 18, the hopper 2 can be swung up in its entirety to the position indicated by dash-dots lines in Fig. 1, in which position the shaft 4 is uncovered and easily accessible.

As shown in Fig. 2, a holding-down clamp 21 is connected with the wall 6 and has, in the embodiment illustrated, the shape of a stamp or punch which is built-in between two separate plates 6" which jointly form one longitudinal side wall 6 of the hopper.

This stamp reciprocates in the plane of the wall by *oo means of a third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 22 attached to the upper end of the wall plate If .o 15 an elongate and possibly round object such as a log or the like comes into contact with the working means without being engaged with the holding-up means 12, but instead is rolling on the shaft 4 and the working means thereof, the holding-down clamp 21 can be acti- 20 vated by being first raised to an upper position in 0 which the object or log can roll down to the area of the edge 10, whereupon the holding-down clamp is Sto.. pressed down against the object by means of the cylinder 22, while providing a firm clamping of the object which can now be worked by the means o.o Reference is now made to Figs 4 and 5 which illustrate the mounting of the shaft 4 in bearings 23, 24 disposed outside the end walls 8, 9 of the hopper 2, i.e. outside the opening 3 for the shaft 4. The shaft 4 is divided into three parts, viz. a central part 4' comprising the working means 5, and two separate end parts 4" and which are conveniently mounted i in the bearings 23, 24. The end part 4" is connected to the central part 4' via a first flange joint comprising the flanges 25, 26, while the end part 4'" 4 is connected to the central part via a second flange 1 joint comprising two flanges 27, 28. The flange joint 7 26 comprises a suitable amount of locking pins 29 which engage into analogous holes in the flanges.

The flange joint 27, 28 comprises one or more puller screws 30. The three shaft parts are normally held together by a connecting rod 31 whose one end is connected to the end part 4" via a thread joint or the like, while the opposite end comprises a clamping member which in its entirety is designated 32 and by means of which the shaft parts 4' and can be forcibly clamped to the part After the clamping member 32 has been released and the connecting rod 31 has been screwed out of the end part the connecting rod *can be removed as illustrated in Fig. 5, whereupon S the shaft part mounted in the bearing 24 and having 15 a sleeve-shaped hub member can be moved to the right through the bearing 24 from the normal position shown in Fig. 4 to the maintenance position shown in Fig.

In the latter position, the central shaft part 4' can be moved away from the flange 25 a distance **to 20 such that the locking pins 29 are disengaged from the flange 26, at the same time as the flanges 27 and 28 are spaced apart such that the central part 4' is free to be raised. In other words, the part of the shaft which comprises the working means 5 can be moved away from the opening 3, without necessitating dismounting of the bearings 23, 24 and the shaft parts mounted therein. This possibility in combination with the tilting movement of the hopper 2 and also the pivoting movement of the frame member i' described above, highly facilitates any form of maintenance of the apparatus. Replacement of both one or more working means 5 and one or more holding-up means 12, 16 in the two sets of holding-up means can thus be carried out extremely rapidly, thus resulting in conveniently short down-times.

In operation, the disintegrating apparatus de- /scribed above functions briefly in the following manner.

V< /f r L ii 8 The objects, e.g. demolition timber, which are to be crushed, are let freely into the hopper 2 which, because of its converging shape, concentrates the objects against the rotating shaft 4. The working means 5 on the shaft 4 collect and convey the objects towards the holding-up means 12 against which the individual objects, such as boards, girders, clumps of concrete etc. are disintegrated by a combined shearing and crushing action, whereupon the treated, relatively fine accept material is allowed to fall down via the passage 33 between the shafts 13, 13' and is removed in an optional manner, for example by means .4 of a belt conveyor. If large elongate objects such 'r as logs or the like should tend to roll on top of o*i 15 the shaft 4 without being engaged by the holding-up means 12, the holding-down clamp 21 can be activated in the manna: described above. Should it further happen that the working means 5 get stuck, the direction of shaft rotation may be reversed, whereby the rear edges of the respective working means will cooperate Soso with the holding-up means 16 which, according to the invention, are arranged at the rear longitudinal side edge 11 of the opening 3 for the shaft. During such reversed operation, no objects other than very small ones can pass down into the quite narrow passages between neighbouring holding-up means 16, unless they have first been crushed by the working means. In contrast to known apparatus, there is thus no risk that j large objects are carried along by the accept material t during a temporarily reversed operation.

Conceivable modifications of the invention Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and shown in the drawings.

Thus, the shape and design of both the working means 5 on the shaft and the holding-up means 12, 16 in the two sets of holding-up means may be varied in ALI/y many ways. It is also possible to provide not only Ci i 1~ U I- -I-i one longside wall of the hopper 2 with holding-down clamps, for example of the type as exemplified in the drawings, but also the opposite longside wall 7. For example, this wall can be designed with vertical, axially spaced-apart gaps in which there are arranged sector-shaped plates which are attached to a common shaft disposed outside the hopper and which can be pivoted into the interior of the hopper via said gaps.

It is further conceivable to secure the hopper 2 in the upright working position by means of a locking mechanism which is shiftable between a locking and an unlocking position by means of the same hydraulic cylinder 14 as used for pivoting the frame member 1'.

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Claims (7)

1. A disintegrating apparatus comprising a frame which has an elongate opening, a rotatable shaft which is mounted in said elongate opening, said shaft comprising a plurality of axially spaced-apart lugs projecting from said shaft and being helically arranged along the circumference of said shaft, said lugs co-operating with a first set of spaced-apart holding-up means which are mounted in the area of a frontal longitudinal side edge of said opening and which are located in the axially spaced-apart spaces formed between adjacent lugs, said apparatus further comprising, a second set of spaced- 0 'apart holding-up means which are mounted at the rear longitudinal side edge of said opening and which, like said first set of holding-up means, are located in the axially spaced-apart spaces formed between adjacent lugs so as to prevent large objects from passing down backwards between said shaft and said rear longitudinal side edge of said opening and to co-operate with said lugs upon reversal of the direction of shaft rotation in order to provide at least a certain degree of disintegration of material also upon reversed operation of said apparatus.

2. A disintegrating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second sets of holding-up means are both detachably mounted on the frame.

3. A disintegrating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said second set of holding-up means is mounted on the frame with a hopper which is positioned with its lower opening above said elongate opening, so as to be automatically moved away from said shaft when the hopper is swung away from said shaft to provide access to said shaft. 900717,J spe.003,ky10553.spe.10o u i 11

4. A disintegrating apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first set of holding-up means is mounted to said frame so as to be pivotable and settable at varying distances from said shaft.

A disintegrating apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said shaft is divided into at least three parts, viz. a central part comprising said working means, and two ends parts engaging with bearings which are mounted in said frame in the area outside the end walls of said opening for said shaft, said central part of said shaft being dismountable without necessitating simultaneous dismounting of said bearings and end parts, respectively, by being connected to the end parts via flange joints each of which comprises two flanges which are mutually lockable via locking pins arnd which are separable from each other, to uncover said central part of said shaft.

6. A disintegrating apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising a hopper having upper and lower c. openings, said lower opening being positioned in register with said elongate opening.

7. A disintegrating apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this 17th day of July 1990 AB Sandarne Industrimaskiner By Its Patent Attorneys DAVIES COLLISON nspe.003.ky10553.spe.11