AU2021103083A4 - Method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics - Google Patents
Method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics Download PDFInfo
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb] WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001071 malnutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000824 malnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under
hydroponics conditions; the method includes the following steps: step 1: culturing peanut seedlings; step
2: identifying phosphorus activation efficiency, which specifically comprises the following steps, step 2.1:
subjecting the peanut seedlings to phosphorus treatment; step 2.2: subjecting plants to insoluble calcium
bound phosphorus treatment; step 2.3: dissolving insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus of the plants; step
2.4: taking samples and measuring phosphorus content in a nutrient solution by molybdenum-antimony
colorimetric method with a formula that follows: activation amount of phosphorus =mass concentration
of the added insoluble phosphorus - mass concentration of residual phosphorus in solution, so as to obtain
a phosphorus activation rate (mg/pot/d) of peanut. The phosphorus source provided by hydroponics in the
method is rapidly available phosphorus capable of being directly absorbed and utilized by plants.
Therefore, the present application may eliminate the influences of activating insoluble phosphorus on
plant absorption; moreover, the measured result is accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural science, and in particular to a method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics.
Background
[0002] Phosphorus is a kind of inorganic salt, and inorganic salts enter into a plant with water. Most of phosphorus in soil exists in a form of insoluble phosphorus, and phosphorus is one of the important factors to influence crop growth. Different crops have different absorption and activation rate to phosphorus; the measurement of phosphorus activation efficiency may reflect the efficiency of plants, e.g., peanut root system, to activate insoluble phosphorus. But for the traditional earth cultivation or field cultivation, it is very difficult to identify the activation efficiency of plants to insoluble phosphorus. At present, there is no good method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions temporarily.
Summary
[0003] To solve the above problem, the present invention provides a method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions. With hydroponics as a research method, the phosphorus source provided herein is rapidly available phosphorus capable of being directly absorbed and utilized by plants. Therefore, the present application may eliminate the influences of activating insoluble and fixed phosphorus on plant absorption; moreover, the plant keeps good root system integrity under hydroponics; and the root system of the present invention is not damaged easily relative to earth cultivation or field cultivation.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions, characterized by including the following steps: step 1: culturing peanut seedlings; step 2: identifying phosphorus activation efficiency, which includes the following steps: step 2.1: subjecting the peanut seedlings to phosphorus treatment; wherein, the peanut seedlings are divided into two groups: one group is subjected to suitable phosphorus treatment (HP), and another group is subjected to low phosphorus treatment (LP); step 2.2: subjecting the plants to insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus treatment; where after being treated by phosphorus, the peanut plants are transferred to a nutrient solution containing nutrient solution for treatment for 2-5 d; step 2.3: dissolving insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus in the plants; where the insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus adsorbed at the root of the treated plants is carefully washed thoroughly; a washing fluid and the nutrient solution are mixed evenly and the volume thereof is set to a maximum capacity of a black hydroponic box; and then concentrated hydrochloric acid is added and stirring is performed until the insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus is thoroughly dissolved; step 2.4: taking samples for measurement; where the nutrient solution in step 2.3 is taken to measure a phosphorus content therein by molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method with a formula that follows: activation amount of phosphorus =mass concentration of the added insoluble phosphorus - mass concentration of residual phosphorus in solution to obtain a phosphorus activation rate (mg/pot/d) in peanut.
[0005] In the above identification method, step 2.1 is specifically as follows: the black hydroponic boxes transplanted with the peanut seedlings are divided into two groups; and the peanut seedlings are taken out and put to the nutrient solution for phosphorus treatment; one group is subjected to HP, and another group is subjected to LP; hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide is used to regulate a pH value of the nutrient solution after the nutrient solution is prepared, and then the peanut seedlings are cultured in the nutrient solution for 15-17 d. Further, in the step, the pH value is regulated by hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide to 6.5.
[0006] Further, in the above step 2.1, KCL is added to the LP-treated nutrient solution to supplement K ions, such that the remainder nutrient elements, except for P element, in the nutrient solution treated by HP and LP are consistent completely.
[0007] In the above identification method, and in the step 1, the seedlings are transplanted to the black hydroponic boxes after seed germination, where the transplantation quantity is not greater than half of the number of holes in each of the black hydroponic boxes; and deionized water is added to the black hydroponic boxes to culture the peanut seedlings for 3 d. Most preferably, seeds are transplanted to the black hydroponic boxes when cotyledons expand fully and radicle germinates fine lateral roots.
[0008] The method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions according to the present invention, most preferably, phosphorus absorption efficiency is identified before the step 2.2 and after the step 2.1.
[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions disclosed by the present invention, hydroponics serves as a research method; and the phosphorus source provided herein is rapidly available phosphorus capable of being directly absorbed and utilized by plants. Therefore, the present application may eliminate the influences of activating insoluble and fixed phosphorus on plant absorption; moreover, the plant keeps good root system integrity under hydroponics; and the root system of the present invention is not damaged easily compared with earth cultivation and field cultivation, and the identification for phosphorus activation efficiency is more accurate.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments
[0010] The present invention will be further described in combination with detailed embodiments hereafter. It should be specified that the examples are given only for illustrating this invention and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention.
[0011] Example 1 A method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions of the present invention includes the following steps: step 1: culturing peanut seedlings; step 1.1: preparation of seeds, several peanut seeds which got through the period of dormancy, and was uniform in size and pump, and had intact seed coat were selected, and the seeds were soaked for sterilization by ethyl alcohol, and then the seeds were soaked by 0.1% H2 0 2 for 8-12 h in a dark place, where H2 0 2 had the effect of sterilization and germination acceleration; but the soaking time should be not too long, or, it made against seed germination. Preferably, in the step, ethyl alcohol had a concentration of 70%-80%, and soaking sterilization time was within 27 s to 33 s; too long soaking time would damage the peanut. Step 1.2: preparation of a germination box, inside and outside of the germination box were cleaned, and the bottom of the germination box was moistened by deionized water, so that the inner wall of the germination box was adhered to a preservative film; and after moistening, the bottom portion and inner wall of the germination box were fully wrapped by the preservative film, then a basal layer was paved, and soaked by ionized water, and the basal layer was used for placing peanut seeds. The thickness of the basal layer was configured within 3-4mm; if the basal layer was too thick, the seeds got mildew easily to waste resources; and if too thin, the seeds easily were shortage of water during germination. Step 1.3: germination of seeds, the soaked seeds were washed by deionized water, and then evenly arranged on a moist cotton article; washing times should be greater than 3, which may completely clean the seeds. Finally, the cotton article was sealed by a preservative film for germination for 4-6 d; and during this time, seed germination was always in a humid environment. Seeds were placed in a dark place 3 d before germination, and 3 d later, left and right cotyledons expanded slightly, and then the seeds were moved to a light environment after the germination of radicle; otherwise, young leaves yellowed and produced no chlorophyll. Since water stored at the cotton article had loss with the absorption and evaporation of seed germination, water needed to be supplemented for once during germination. After cotyledons expanded fully and radicle germinated fine lateral roots, seedlings having robust root system and uniform size were taken and transplanted to the black hydroponic box. Step 1.4: culturing peanut seedlings; seedlings were transplanted in the black hydroponic box; and the transplantation quantity was not greater than half of the number of holes in the black hydroponic box; so as to avoid that there was no enough space for the root system of the peanut plants to expand; and then ionized water was added to the black hydroponic box to culture the peanut seedlings in ionized water for 3 d. Since peanut plants were too small just transplanting the seedlings, nutrient substances stored in cotyledons were enough to the seedlings' growth. 3 d around, the seedlings required external nutritional supplement due to overgrowth; if the days of culture was less than 3 d, the peanut seedlings could not absorb the nutrient solution in later period well, and if exceeded 3 d, the peanut seedlings grew slowly due to malnutrition. Moreover, the seedlings were cultured in deionized water for 3 d first, which provided an equilibration and buffer for the peanut seedlings after transplantation. In the step, the quantity of the black hydroponic boxes was not less than 6. Preferably, there were at least 3 boxes of peanut seedlings treated by HP and LP, respectively, thus ensuring 3 biological repetitions for each of HP and LP; and the increase of the black hydroponic box would greatly increase workload, but would not bring obvious effect. In the above step, the temperature of a growth room was controlled within 20-26°C; illumination intensity was 6000-7000LX; and illumination time was 15-20 h during the germination stage of the seeds and the whole culture period. Step 2: identifying phosphorus activation efficiency: Step 2.1: subjecting peanut seedlings to phosphorus treatment; the black hydroponic box transplanted with peanut seedlings was divided into two groups; and peanut seedlings were taken out and put to the nutrient solution for phosphorus treatment; one group was subjected to HP, and another group was subjected to LP; except for KH 2 PO 4 , other nutrients added in the two treatments were completely the same; since K ions in the group treated by HP was more than that of the LP treatment group, KCL was additionally added to the LP treatment group so that K ions were consistent with those in the HP treatment group; accordingly, the remainder nutrient elements, except for P element, in the nutrient solution treated by HP and LP were consistent completely. Specifically, the addition of K ions was subjected to the amount of K ions of 2 PO4 in the HP treatment group. pH of the nutrient solution was regulated to 6.5 by hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide for culturing for 15-17 d. If the days of culture were too short, there was no obvious difference of the peanut seedlings between the two phosphorus (HP and LP) treatment groups. The nutrient solution in this step included KNO 3 , Ca(N3)2-4H20, MgSO4-7H20, KH 2 PO 4 ,
EDTA-Fe, H 3B0 3 , MnSO4, ZnSO4 -7H20, Na2M0 4 -2H20, CuSO4-5H20, CoCl2-6H20, most preferably, the nutrient solution was KNO 3 1 mmol/L; Ca(N03)2-4H20 1 mmol/L; MgSO4-7H20 0.4 mmol/L; EDTA-Fe 0.01 mmol/L;H B0 3 3 0.1x10-3 mol/L; MnSO4 0.15x10-3 mol/L;
ZnSO4-7H20 0.03x10-3 mol/L; Na2MoO 4 -2H 20 xI10-6 mol/L; CuSO4-5H 20 0.16x10-6 mol/L; CoCl2-6H20 0.21x10-6 mol/L. The content of KH2PO4varied from HP and LP treatment groups, and was 0.6 mmol/L and 0.01 mmol/L, respectively. As stated in the method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions above, during the phosphorus treatment in step V, the nutrient solution was replaced for once every 4 d, thus supplementing oxygen. Step 2.2: subjecting plants to insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus treatment; after being treated by phosphorus, the peanut plants were transferred to a nutrient solution containing insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus for treatment for 2-5 d. The insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus included calcium phosphate. Step 2.3: dissolving insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus in the plants; insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus adsorbed at the root of the treated plants was carefully washed thoroughly; a washing fluid and the nutrient solution were mixed evenly and the volume thereof is set to a maximum capacity of a black hydroponic box; and then concentrated hydrochloric acid was added and stirring was performed until the insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus was thoroughly dissolved. The specific amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid added was proper when there was white precipitate in the solution. Step 2.4: taking samples for measurement; the nutrient solution in step VII was taken to measure a phosphorus content therein by molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method with a formula that follows: activation amount of phosphorus =mass concentration of the added insoluble phosphorus - mass concentration of residual phosphorus in solution to obtain a phosphorus activation rate (mg/pot/d) in peanut. Further, during sampling for measurement, the sampling volume should be enough to perform at least three color comparisons; specifically, according to the insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus added, the amount for color comparison was determined by estimating the phosphorus concentration in solution and the standard curve scope of the colorimetric method.
[0012] Example 2 In the method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics,the temperature of a growth room was controlled to 24°C; illumination intensity was 7000LX; and illumination time was 17 h during the germination stage of the seeds and the whole culture period. The steps were specifically as follows: step 1: culturing peanut seedlings; step 1.1: preparation of seeds, 120 peanut seeds which got through the period of dormancy, and was uniform in size and pump, and had intact seed coat were selected, and the seeds were soaked for sterilization for 30 s by 75% ethyl alcohol, and then the seeds were soaked by 0.1% H 2 0 2 for h in a dark place. Step 1.2: preparation of a germination box, inside and outside of the germination box were cleaned, and the bottom portion of the germination box was moistened by deionized water, so that the inner wall of the germination box was attached to a preservative film; and after moistening, the bottom portion and inner wall of the germination box were fully wrapped by the preservative film, then a 4 mm-thickness basal layer was paved, and soaked by ionized water, and the moistening was performed till there was water after pressing by fingers. Step 1.3: germination of seeds, the soaked seeds were washed by deionized water for 3 times, and then evenly arranged on a moist degreasing cotton at a 12*10 square matrix; and all the radicle were kept upwards. Finally, the degreasing cotton was sealed by a preservative film for germination for 5 d. Seeds were placed in a dark place 3 d before germination, and 3 d later, the seeds were moved to a light environment after cotyledons expanded and the radicle germinated; water was supplemented for once during germination. After cotyledons expanded fully and radicle germinated fine lateral roots, seedlings having robust root system and uniform size were taken and transplanted to the black hydroponic boxes. Step 1.4: culturing peanut seedlings, the culture vessel was a 12-well black hydroponic box and could be purchased on the market conveniently. 6 seedlings were transplanted every box. 6 boxes were transplanted for each peanut variety while identifying the phosphorus absorption rate of the peanuts from multiple varieties. 1.4 L deionized water was added to the black hydroponic boxes, and the peanut seedlings were subjected to phosphorus treatment after being cultured in deionized water for 3 d. step 2: identifying phosphorus activation efficiency: Step 2.1: subjecting peanut seedlings to phosphorus treatment; the black hydroponic boxes transplanted with peanut seedlings were divided into two groups; 3 boxes for each group, and then peanut seedlings were taken out and put to a nutrient solution for phosphorus treatment; one group was subjected to HP, 0.6 mmol/L KH 2 PO 4 ; and another group was subjected to LP, 0.01 mmol/L KH 2 PO 4 .
The remainder components of the nutrient solution were KNO 3 1mmol/L; Ca(N03)2-4H20 1 mmol/L; MgSO4-7H20 0.4 mmol/L; EDTA-Fe 0.01 mmol/L; H 3B0 3 0.1x10-3 mol/L; MnSO4 0.15x10-3 mol/L; ZnSO4 -7H20 0.03x10-3 mol/L; Na2M0O 4 -2H20 1x10-6 mol/L; CuSO 4 -5H20 0.16x10-6 mol/L; and CoCl2-6H20 0.21x10-6 mol/L. In the nutrient solution treated by two groups of phosphorus (HP and LP), other nutrients were completely the same except for KH 2 PO 4 ; since K ions in the group treated by HP was more than those in the LP treatment group, KCL was additionally added to the LP treatment group so that K ions were consistent with those in the HP treatment group; accordingly, the remainder nutrient elements, except for P element, in the nutrient solution treated by HP and LP were consistent completely. Specifically, the addition of K ions was subjected to the amount of K ions of P 2 0 4 in the HP treatment group. pH of the nutrient solution after being prepared was regulated to 6.5 by hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide for culturing for 16 d. The nutrient solution was replaced for once every 4 d during the culture process. Step 2.2: subjecting plants to insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus treatment; after being treated by phosphorus, the peanut plants were transferred to a nutrient solution containing calcium bound phosphorus for treatment for 4 d. The insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus had a concentration of 4 mmol/pot, that is, 0.62 g calcium phosphate; after the calcium phosphate was transformed to pure phosphorus, the concentration was 124 mg; that is, the insoluble calcium bound phosphorus added had a concentration of 124 mg/box. Step 2.3: dissolving insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus of the plants; insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus adsorbed at the root of the treated plants was carefully washed thoroughly; a washing fluid and the nutrient solution were mixed evenly and the volume thereof was set to 1.4 L; and then 10 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid was added and stirring was performed until insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus was thoroughly dissolved. Step 2.4: taking samples for measurement; the 2 ml nutrient solution in step VII was taken to measure a phosphorus content therein by molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method; there were at least three color comparisons, and then a formula was used: activation amount of phosphorus =mass concentration of the added insoluble phosphorus - mass concentration of residual phosphorus in solution to obtain a phosphorus activation rate (mg/pot/d) in peanut. The absorption rate of different peanut varieties under LP and HP measured by the above formula was shown in the table below: LP
Addition Surplus in surplus= Activation solution(1.4 activation rate (4 d) L/box) amount
mg/pot mg/pot mg/pot/d
Bo 2 99.213. 24.787. 6.197. Tamnut 90.860. 33.140. 8.285. Sichuan Hongbaili 76.603. 47.397. 11.849.
Qinglan No.2 96.903. 27.097. 6.774.
Lanna (late) 93.403. 30.597. 7.649.
M27 94.967. 29.033. 7.258.
Yuanza 9102 84.957. 39.043. 9.761.
AH31613 95.340. 28.660. 7.165.
P1109838 100.450. 23.550. 5.888. Myanmar peanut 92.167. 31.833. 7.958.
Addition Surplus in - Activation solution surplus= rate (4 d) (1.4 L/box) activation amount mg/pot mg/pot mg/pot/d
Bo 2 100.205. 23.795. 5.949.
Tamnut 101.803. 22.197. 5.549.
Sichuan Hongbaili/Sichuan Red-White Grain 105.163. 18.837. 4.709. Qinglan No.2 105.887. 18.113. 4.528.
Lanna (late) 110.413. 13.587. 3.397. M27 107.100. 16.900. 4.225. Yuanza 9102 107.310. 16.690. 4.173.
AH31613 108.033. 15.967. 3.992.
P1109838 107.917. 16.083. 4.021.
Myanmar peanut 108.733. 15.267. 3.817.
[0013] Embodiment 3: Phosphorus absorption efficiency may be identified first before identifying the phosphorus activation efficiency, which was beneficial to achieve the identification of the phosphorus absorption and phosphorus activation efficiency successively by culturing peanut plants for once, thus not only saving the culture time of the peanut plants, but also improving the identification efficiency. In this example, the phosphorus absorption efficiency was identified before step 2.2 and after step 2.1 on the basis of example 1 or 2, specifically as follows: Taking samples for measurement, plants were transferred to ionized water for starvation for 20 h above first, and the whole root system was soaked to an absorbent solution containing P with a concentration of 0.2 mmol/L, after treatment, plants were taken out, and molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method was used to measure the change of the H2 PO4 in the absorbent solution before and after absorption, and then the formula was used:Ip=(Q-Q 2)/(h*N) to obtain the mean absorption rate ( mol/h/plant) in such absorption stage, where Qi: phosphorus content before absorption; Q2: phosphorus content after absorption; h: absorption time; N: number of seedlings in each black hydroponic box. Most preferably, in the treatment of the above absorbent solution, seedlings in LP treatment group absorbed for 7-9 h (e.g., 8 h); and seedlings in LP treatment group absorbed for 22-25 h (optimally for 24 h). After measuring the phosphorus absorption efficiency, the plants treated by HP/LP to deionized water for balancing for at least 12 h, and then step 2.2 was performed. The above balancing operation may render plants to consume the phosphorus absorbed during the treatment of rapidly available phosphorus, beneficial to the accuracy of the identification activation result of phosphorus.
[0014] What is described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Moreover, any alteration, increase/decrease or replacement made by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall fall within the extent of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the claims shall prevail as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions, characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1: culturing peanut seedlings; step 2: identifying phosphorus activation efficiency, which comprises the following steps: step 2.1: subjecting the peanut seedlings to phosphorus treatment; wherein, the peanut seedlings are divided into two groups: one group is subjected to suitable phosphorus treatment (HP), and another group is subjected to low phosphorus treatment (LP); step 2.2: subjecting the plants to insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus treatment; wherein after being treated by phosphorus, the peanut plants are transferred to a nutrient solution comprising insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus for treatment for 2-5 d; step 2.3: dissolving insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus in the plants; wherein the insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus adsorbed at the root of the treated plants is carefully washed thoroughly; a washing fluid and the nutrient solution are mixed evenly and the volume thereof is set to a maximum capacity of a black hydroponic box; and then concentrated hydrochloric acid is added and stirring is performed until the insoluble calcium-bound phosphorus is thoroughly dissolved; step 2.4: taking samples for measurement; wherein the nutrient solution in the step 2.3 was taken to measure a phosphorus content therein by molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method with a formula that follows: activation amount of phosphorus =mass concentration of the added insoluble phosphorus - mass concentration of residual phosphorus in solution to obtain a phosphorus activation rate (mg/pot/d) of peanut.
2. The method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: step 2.1 is specifically as follows: black hydroponic boxes transplanted with the peanut seedlings are divided into two groups; and the peanut seedlings are taken out and put to the nutrient solution for phosphorus treatment; one group is subjected to HP, and another group is subjected to LP; hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide is used to regulate a pH value of the nutrient solution after the nutrient solution is prepared, and then the peanut seedlings are cultured in the nutrient solution for 15-17 d.
3. The method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that the pH value is regulated by hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide to 6.5.
4. The method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that KCL is added to the LP treated nutrient solution to supplement K ions, such that the remainder nutrient elements, except for P element, in the nutrient solution treated by HP and LP are consistent completely.
5. The method for identifying phosphorus activation efficiency of peanut germplasm under hydroponics conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 1, the seedlings are transplanted to the black hydroponic boxes after seed germination, wherein the transplantation quantity is not greater than half of the number of wells in each of the black hydroponic boxes; and deionized water is added to the black hydroponic boxes to culture the peanut seedlings for 3 d.
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