CN106577268A - Method for screening variety with high phosphorus utilization efficiency from multiple wheat varieties - Google Patents
Method for screening variety with high phosphorus utilization efficiency from multiple wheat varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577268A CN106577268A CN201611012361.3A CN201611012361A CN106577268A CN 106577268 A CN106577268 A CN 106577268A CN 201611012361 A CN201611012361 A CN 201611012361A CN 106577268 A CN106577268 A CN 106577268A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for screening variety with high phosphorus utilization efficiency from multiple wheat varieties, comprising the following steps: selecting wheat varieties with same size seeds, putting the wheat varieties into a culture vessel to germinate seedlings with roots, selecting seedlings with consistent growth from the seedlings to divide into two groups, irrigating the seedlings with nutrient solvents with different phosphorus concentrations until the wheat is mature; detecting and calculating the relative plant height, the relative grain number and the relative thousand seed weight of each variety; comprehensively comparing to select several wheat varieties with the highest three indices in general to serve as varieties with the high phosphorus utilization efficiency; germinating the varieties with the high phosphorus utilization efficiency until secondary screened seedlings are rooted, selecting the secondary screened seedlings with consistent growth to divide into two groups, performing hydroponics with nutrient solvents with different phosphorus concentrations, detecting and calculating the relative weight of dry matter, the relative phosphorus content and the relative chlorophyll content of each variety; comprehensively comparing to select a wheat variety with the highest three indices in general to serve as the variety with the relatively highest phosphorus utilization efficiency. The wheat variety screened at the end by the method provided by the invention provides materials for further improving existing varieties and studying the biological property and the physiology and biochemistry mechanism of the existing varieties.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wheat cultivation and breeding technical field, and in particular to it is high that one kind screens phosphorus from multiple wheat breeds
The method that effect utilizes kind.
Background technology
Semen Tritici aestivi is a kind of in the grass extensively planted all over the world, originates from Middle East crescent fertile soil area, is generation
Earliest one of crops of cultivation, Semen Tritici aestivi rich in starch, protein etc. in boundary, can make after grinds bread, steamed bread, cookiess,
The foods such as noodles；Medicated beer, ethanol, vodka, or raw matter fuel are can be made into after fermentation.Semen Tritici aestivi is one of three big corn, and yield is several
Eat entirely, only there are about 1/6th and use as feedstuff.Semen Tritici aestivi in 2010 is the grain that in the world total output occupies second
Crop（6.51 hundred million tons）, it is only second to Semen Maydiss（8.44 hundred million tons）.Semen Tritici aestivi is also one of China essentialspecies plant, is mainly distributed on the Yellow River
Downstream Plain, Fen river valley, the central Shaanxi plain and the Shandong Peninsula.Phosphorus is nutrient necessary to plant growing, is also in plant body
The constituent of important compound, and various physiology and metabolic process in plant body are participated in many ways, in order to ensure to make
Thing high yield and stable yields, just must in a large number apply phosphate fertilizer.But phosphate fertilizer is a kind of non-renewable resources, is in the production process of Semen Tritici aestivi
Improve yield and improve the amount of application of phosphate fertilizer, not only waste of resource, can bring many environmental problems again.Therefore, screen and train
It will be the desirable route for solving these problems to educate Tolerant to low P, phosphorus efficiency new variety of wheat.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, in order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide a kind of
Method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, the present invention is by time of infertility sand culture and the knot of seedling stage water planting
Close, set up the screening technique of the high kind of reliable, the easy phosphorus use efficiency of Semen Tritici aestivi.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
It is a kind of that method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, specifically carry out according to the following steps：
a）The wheat breed that the consistent needs of full, seed size are screened is selected, the culture for being covered with filter paper is placed in respectively
In ware, sprout in illumination box to the seedling for taking root；
b）Sand culture primary dcreening operation：From step a）Each wheat breed seedling in pick out 2n strains and grow consistent seedling, and by each
The seedling of kind is divided into two groups, two groups of seedling is poured respectively with the nutritional solution of two kinds of different phosphorus concentrations, until Semen Tritici aestivi is ripe；
c）Plant height, grain number per spike and the mass of 1000 kernel of two groups of sand culture Seedlings of each kind are determined respectively, then by relative character value=low-phosphorous
The measured value that the normal phosphorus of measured value ÷ of process is processed, calculates the relative plant height of each kind, relative grain number per spike and with respect to thousand
Weight；The relative character value for being calculated each wheat breed is ranked up, comprehensive each relative character value ranking is finally filtered out
It is phosphorus efficiency profit with respect to plant height, three index value synthesis highest 2-4 wheat breeds of relative grain number per spike and relative mass of 1000 kernel
With kind, filtering out relative plant height, relative grain number per spike and 2-4 comprehensively minimum kind of three index values of mass of 1000 kernel relatively is
The relatively low kind of phosphorus use efficiency is used as control；
d）By step c）The phosphorus efficiency for filtering out is using kind and the poorly efficient utilization kind of phosphorus by step a）Method sprout to taking root
Secondary screening seedling, choose the consistent 2n strain secondary screening seedling of growing way, the secondary screening seedling of each kind is divided into into two groups, with two kinds of differences
The nutritional solution of phosphorus concentration carries out respectively water planting to two groups of secondary screening seedling, and culture determines respectively two groups of Rooted Cuttings of each kind after three weeks
Dry matter weight, phosphorus content, chlorophyll content, then process by the normal phosphorus of measured value ÷ of relative character value=low-phosphorous process
Measured value, calculates the relative dry matter weight of each kind, relative phosphorus content, relative chlorophyll content；
e）Relative dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content according to the multiple wheat breeds for calculating is carried out
Sequence, comprehensive each relative character value ranking finally filters out relative dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content three
1 wheat breed of individual index comprehensive highest is phosphorus use efficiency with respect to highest kind.
The nutritional solution of wherein different phosphorus concentrations is divided into the nutritional solution of reduced phosphorus levels and the nutritional solution of normal phosphorus level, the battalion
The phosphorus source of nutrient solution is KH2PO4, deionized water is formulated, and the phosphorus content in the nutritional solution of every liter of reduced phosphorus levels is 27mg, often
The phosphorus content risen in the nutritional solution of normal phosphorus level is 544mg/L, and other compositions and content in two kinds of the nutritional solution are homogeneous
Together, NH is contained in every liter of nutritional solution4NO3For 2.50mmol/L, K2SO4For 2.50mmol/L, CaCl2For 2.00mmol/L,
MgSO4·7H2O is 1.50mmol/L；Trace element in the nutritional solution adopts Arnon nutrient solution prescriptions, wherein Fe2+
2.8mg/L, is allocated into Fe-EDTA.
Step b）Middle sand culture test container adopt 29cm × 19cm plastic tubs, cultivation matrix by the ︰ 1 of volume ratio 1 sand
Son and Vermiculitum composition.
Step b）In one group of seedling pour the nutritional solution of reduced phosphorus levels, another group of seedling pours the battalion of normal phosphorus level
Nutrient solution；Poured once with nutritional solution week about, every time per basin nutrient solution 500mL, nutritional solution waters once for three days after pouring,
Water every time 500mL per basin.
Step d）In ciltivating process be：Bottom seedlings nursing plate is fixed on upward turnover with the iron wire for scribbling antirust paint
On case, transplant secondary screening seedling and be placed in nursery disk hole, add water to equal with bottom seedlings nursing plate；One of which secondary screening seedling is poured low
The nutritional solution of phosphorus level, another group of secondary screening seedling pours the nutritional solution of normal phosphorus level, light application time 12h on daytime, night 12h,
Daytime 32 DEG C of maximum temperature, 27 DEG C of night minimum temperature；During culture daily with the hydrochloric acid that molar concentration is 1mol/L or mole
Concentration adjusts medium pH value to 6.5 for the sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L, and one time of nutrition liquid was changed per two days.
Screening technique of the present invention is easy to operation, substantially can objectively reflect the real conditions for absorbing phosphate fertilizer, screening
Go out excellent germplasm.The screening technique has advantages below：
1）The current more screening technique that real conditions are absorbed for Semen Tritici aestivi phosphate fertilizer of system, i.e., by three morphological indexs and
The high kind of three Selection of Physiological Indices Semen Tritici aestivi phosphorus use efficiencies, and the method is close with field actual production conditions, operation letter
Easy row, can carry out screening of the phosphorus efficiency using kind, so as to filter out phosphorus use efficiency to wheat breed as much as possible
Highest wheat breed.
2）Weak for Semen Tritici aestivi phosphorus efficiency research on utilization working foundation first, the physiology studied under Semen Tritici aestivi different P levels refers to
Mark, is that follow-up research Semen Tritici aestivi phosphorus efficiency absorption mechanism and breed improvement provide most basic experimental basis and experimental technique.
3）It is preferred that research and utilization of the different phosphate using resource：Semen Tritici aestivi P assimilation and utilization efficiency genetic background difference ten is clearly demarcated
Aobvious, the kind that the phosphorus use efficiency of preliminary screening is high provides fine germplasm resources for Semen Tritici aestivi resistance breeding.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the screening index bar diagram of six kinds that sand culture primary dcreening operation draws in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the bar diagram of the screening index of two kinds that secondary screening goes out in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
For this present situation of current Semen Tritici aestivi phosphorus efficiency research on utilization working foundation weakness, the invention provides one kind is from multiple
Phosphorus use efficiency is screened in wheat breed with respect to the method for highest kind, is specifically carried out according to the following steps：
a）Obtain plant seedlings：The wheat breed that the consistent needs of full, seed size are screened is selected, paving is placed in respectively
In having the culture dish of filter paper, the seedling sprouted to taking root is placed in illumination box；
b）Sand culture primary dcreening operation：From step a）Each wheat breed seedling in pick out 2n（n≥1）The consistent seedling of strain growth, and
The seedling of each kind is divided into into two groups（N strains/group）, sand culture is carried out respectively, sand culture test container adopts 29cm × 19cm plastics
Basin, cultivation matrix is made up of the sand and Vermiculitum of the ︰ 1 of volume ratio 1, using the method for pouring, is poured respectively with the nutritional solution of different phosphorus concentrations
Fill the nutritional solution that two groups of seedling, i.e. one of which pour reduced phosphorus levels（Low-phosphorous process）, the battalion of the normal phosphorus level of another group of pouring
Nutrient solution（Normal phosphorus is processed）；Poured once with nutritional solution week about, every time per basin nutrient solution 500mL, after nutritional solution is poured
Water once within three days, water every time 500mL per basin, until Semen Tritici aestivi is ripe；
c）Plant height, grain number per spike and the mass of 1000 kernel of two groups of sand culture Seedlings of each kind are determined respectively, then by relative character value=low-phosphorous
The measured value that the normal phosphorus of measured value ÷ of process is processed, calculates the relative plant height of each kind, relative grain number per spike and with respect to thousand
Weight；The each relative character value for being calculated each wheat breed is ranked up, comprehensive each relative character value ranking is finally screened
It is phosphorus efficiency to go out relative plant height, three index value synthesis highest 2-4 wheat breeds of relative grain number per spike and relative mass of 1000 kernel
Using kind, 2-4 comprehensively minimum kind of relative plant height, relatively grain number per spike and three index values of relative mass of 1000 kernel is filtered out
It is the relatively low kind of phosphorus use efficiency as control；
d）Water planting secondary screening：By step c）The phosphorus efficiency for filtering out is using kind and the poorly efficient utilization kind of phosphorus by step a）Method sprout
The secondary screening seedling for taking root is sent to, the consistent 2n of growing way is chosen（n≥1）Strain secondary screening seedling, the secondary screening seedling of each kind is divided into
Two groups（N strains/group）, two groups of secondary screening seedling are carried out into respectively water planting in plastic box, Turnover Box external diameter is 510 × 390 ×
150mm, is upward fixed on bottom seedlings nursing plate on Turnover Box with the iron wire for scribbling antirust paint, is transplanted seedling and is placed in nursery disk hole
In, add water to equal with bottom seedlings nursing plate.One of which pours the nutritional solution of reduced phosphorus levels（Low-phosphorous process）, another group of pouring is just
The nutritional solution of normal phosphorus level（Normal phosphorus is processed）, light application time 12h on daytime, night 12h, daytime 32 DEG C of maximum temperature, night is most
27 DEG C of low temperature.Daily with the sodium hydroxide that the hydrochloric acid or molar concentration that molar concentration is 1mol/L is 1mol/L during culture
Solution adjusts medium pH value to 6.5, and one time of nutrition liquid was changed per two days；Solution culture method determines respectively each kind after three weeks
The dry matter weight of two groups of Rooted Cuttings, phosphorus content, chlorophyll content, then by relative character value=low-phosphorous process measured value ÷ just
The measured value that often phosphorus is processed, calculates the relative dry matter weight of each kind, relative phosphorus content, relative chlorophyll content；
e）Relative dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content according to the multiple wheat breeds for calculating is carried out
Sequence, comprehensive each relative character value ranking finally filters out relative dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content three
1 wheat breed of individual index comprehensive highest is phosphorus use efficiency with respect to highest kind.
Filter out 1 minimum with respect to dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and three index comprehensives of relative chlorophyll content little
Wheat variety is the relatively minimum kind of phosphorus use efficiency as control.The phosphorus use efficiency for filtering out is with respect to highest kind and phosphorus
The relatively minimum kind of utilization ratio can carry out subsequent physiological mechanism test and molecular mechanism test.
The phosphorus source of nutritional solution is KH in screening technique of the present invention2PO4, deionized water is formulated.Every liter of reduced phosphorus levels
Phosphorus content in nutritional solution is 27mg, and the phosphorus content in the nutritional solution of per liter of normal phosphorus level is 544mg；Two kinds of horizontal nutrition
Other compositions and content all same in liquid.
The concentration of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium is shown in Table 1, pH 6.5 using the Xiu Yite Solution culture methods of improvement in nutritional solution.
The Xiu Yite nutrient solution prescriptions of the improvement of table 1
Trace element in nutritional solution adopts Arnon nutrient solution prescriptions, is shown in Table 2, wherein Fe2+ 2.8mg/L, is matched somebody with somebody with Fe-EDTA
Enter.
The Arnon microelement nutritious liquid formula of table 2
The measure of screening index in the inventive method：
Screening index is the relative value between control variety：With respect to plant height, relative grain number per spike, relative mass of 1000 kernel, relative dry matter weight,
With respect to phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content.With respect to plant height, relative grain number per spike and relative mass of 1000 kernel comprehensively for the survey of sand culture primary dcreening operation
Determine index, be comprehensively used for water planting secondary screening with respect to dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content, with reference to screening knot twice
Fruit is judging the height of wheat breed phosphorus use efficiency.
Plant height is determined：After Semen Tritici aestivi maturation, 6 plants of plant that each kind difference phosphorus concentration is processed are randomly selected, measured with ruler
Wheat root basal part of stem arrives the distance between top, calculates its meansigma methods.
Grain number per spike is determined：After results, 6, the tassel that each kind difference phosphorus concentration is processed is randomly selected, ask it to put down after counting
Average.
Mass of 1000 kernel determines：After threshing, 1000 seeds that each kind difference phosphorus concentration is processed are randomly selected, electronic balance claims
Its meansigma methods is sought after weight.
Plant weights are determined：First then fresh sample is cooled to into 80 DEG C in 105 DEG C of 30min that complete, by most moisture, is finally claimed
Weight.
Measuring chlorophyll content：Fresh blade is taken, tissue surface dirt is cleaned, is shredded（Remove middle arteries）, mix；Weigh and cut
Broken fresh sample 0.2g, totally 3 parts, in being respectively put into mortar, plus a small amount of quartz sand, Paris white and 2-3mL mass percents
Concentration is 95% ethanol, is ground into homogenate, then adds ethanol 10mL, continues to be ground to tissue turned pale.Stand 3-5min；Filter paper 1 is taken,
In putting funnel, with ethanol wet, extracting solution is poured in funnel along Glass rod, in being filled into 25mL brown volumetric flasks, with a small quantity
Alcohol flushing mortar, pestle and residue for several times, are finally poured in funnel together with residue；Ethanol is drawn with dropper, by filter paper
On chloroplast pigment all wash in volumetric flask.Till redgreen in filter paper and residue.Finally it is settled to ethanol
25mL, shakes up；Chloroplast pigment extracting solution is poured in the cuvette of optical path 1cm, with 95% ethanol as blank, in wavelength 663nm
With mensuration absorbance under 645nm.
Full phosphorus is determined：By Plant samples dry it is levigate after, with the full phosphorus of overground part of vanadium molybdenum Huang colorimetric method for determining each sample
Content.
With regard to the screening index of the high kind of phosphorus use efficiency in the present invention, written standards are there is no at present.The present invention is based on
Relative plant height of the plant after maturation, relative grain number per spike, relative mass of 1000 kernel carry out primary dcreening operation, then for it is relatively dry in seedling stage
Material weight, relative phosphorus content, relative chlorophyll content carry out secondary screening, by the combination of time of infertility sand culture and seedling stage water planting, visitor
The real conditions that ground reflection Semen Tritici aestivi absorbs phosphate fertilizer are seen, the screening side of the high kind of reliable, the easy phosphorus use efficiency of Semen Tritici aestivi is set up
Method, filters out excellent germplasm.
The principle of screening technique of the present invention：One of the performance symptom of crop under the conditions of phosphorus deficiency is exactly poor growth, biological
Amount decreases.Efficiently kind has larger biological accumulation amount, and inefficient cultivar is then because phosphorus supplies insufficient, biological accumulation amount
Very little.The difference of different cultivars Wheat Seedling Dry matter weight of shoot can react to a certain extent its absorption to nutrient, turn
The difference of fortune and utilization ratio.And, phosphorus all plays an important role to the tiller of plant, branch and root growth, and promotes
Synthesis, conversion and the transport of carbohydrate, the growth to seed is favourable.During plant phosphorus deficiency, cell growth and division can be affected,
Reduce tiller branch, spire growth retardation, plant vivo protein synthesis declines.And phosphorus deficiency can cause sugar operating to be obstructed,
The content of sugar is relative in nutrition organs improves, promote anthocyanidin formed so that plant leaf in abnormal dirty-green or
Aubergine.Phosphorus Absorption in Plants total amount, i.e. absorbed phosphorus by crop amount, are to represent that plant inhales the index of phosphorus capacity of water.Under low-phosphorus stress,
Different genotype plant phosphorus absorb total amount decline.But efficient kind remains to the more phosphorus of absorption under relatively low phosphorus level and comes
The needs of its growth promoter are met, so relative ratio is higher.
Embodiment
1st, plant seedlings are obtained
From 16 wheat breeds that needs are screened（It is shown in Table 3）In select full, seed size it is consistent wheat breed difference
In being placed in the culture dish for being covered with filter paper, the seedling sprouted to taking root is placed in illumination box, growing way is chosen after 5 days consistent
Seedling as test process material.Light application time is 12h on daytime, night 12h, and daytime, maximum temperature was 32 DEG C, and night is minimum
Temperature is 27 DEG C.
The Wheat Cultivars of table 3 are numbered
2nd, sand culture primary dcreening operation
Choosing 12 plants of consistent seedling of growing way from the plant seedlings of each kind carries out sand culture test.Sand culture test container is adopted
29 × 19cm plastic tubs, cultivation matrix is made up of the sand and Vermiculitum that volume ratio is 1 ︰ 1.Deionized water and KH2PO4Prepare phosphorus
Content is 27mg/L reduced phosphorus levels nutritional solutions, deionized water and KH2PO4Prepare the normal phosphorus level that phosphorus content is 544mg/L to seek
Nutrient solution.The pH value of two kinds of horizontal nutritional solutions is 6.5；Nitrogen in two kinds of horizontal nutritional solutions, potassium, calcium, magnesium concentration it is homogeneous
Together, i.e. NH4NO3For 2.50mmol/L, K2SO4For 2.50mmol/L, CaCl2For 2.00mmol/L, MgSO4·7H2O is
1.50mmol/L；Other trace element adopt Arnon nutrient solution prescriptions, i.e. H in nutritional solution3BO3For 2.86g/L, MnCl2·
4H2O is 1.81g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O is 0.22g/L, CuSO4·5H2O is 0.08g/L, H2MoO4·4H2O is 0.02g/L.Battalion
Fe in nutrient solution2+ 2.8mg/L, is allocated into Fe-EDTA.
The seedling of each kind is divided into into two groups（6 plants/group）, one group of nutritional solution with phosphorus content 544mg/L is week about
Pour once, another group of nutritional solution with phosphorus content 27mg/L is poured week about once, every time per basin nutrient solution
500mL, nutritional solution waters once for three days after pouring, and water every time 500mL per basin, until Semen Tritici aestivi is ripe.Each kind, determines respectively
In low-phosphorous treatment group in 6 plants of Semen Tritici aestivis every plant of Semen Tritici aestivi plant height, grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel, its average plant height, average is then calculated respectively
The measured value of grain number per spike, average mass of 1000 kernel as low-phosphorous process；Using same method draw normal phosphorus treatment group average plant height,
The measured value that average grain number per spike, average mass of 1000 kernel are processed as normal phosphorus.Then the measured value of relative character value=low-phosphorous process is pressed
The measured value that the normal phosphorus of ÷ is processed, calculates the screening index of each kind：With respect to plant height, relative grain number per spike and relative mass of 1000 kernel.
Screening index obtained by each kind is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 is the screening index of 16 wheat breeds obtained by sand culture primary dcreening operation
Comprehensive Correlation is carried out from the screening index of the multiple wheat breeds for being drawn, with respect to plant height：3#, 4#, 16# numerical value is minimum,
14#, 9#, 6# numerical value highest；With respect to grain number per spike：3#, 4#, 16# numerical value is minimum, 2#, 9#, 6# numerical value highest；With respect to mass of 1000 kernel：
3#, 4#, 16# numerical value is minimum, 14#, 9#, 6# numerical value highest.Although the relative grain number per spike of 2# plant is higher, other two refer to
Target measured value is relatively low, comprehensive indices, filters out three index comprehensive numerical value highests 3 kinds 14#, 9#, 6#
For the of a relatively high kind of phosphorus use efficiency, 3 minimum kinds 3#, 4# of three for filtering out index comprehensive numerical value, 16# are phosphorus
The relatively low kind of utilization ratio as control, the bar diagram of the screening index of 6 kinds for filtering out, as shown in figure 1, from figure
In it can be seen that the high kind of phosphorus use efficiency is in relative plant height, be above phosphorus using effect on relative grain number per spike and relative mass of 1000 kernel
The low kind of rate.
By through the higher kind of 3 phosphorus use efficiencies selected by sand culture primary dcreening operation（14#、9#、6#）With phosphorus use efficiency compared with
3 low kinds（3#、4#、16#）Repeat water planting and obtain Rooted Cuttings, be divided to two groups to enter field headquarters the plant seedlings of each kind
Nutrient solution culture, the nutritional solution of one of which reduced phosphorus levels（Low-phosphorous process）, another group of Solution culture method with normal phosphorus level
（Normal phosphorus is processed）；Solution culture method container is plastic box.During culture daily with the hydrochloric acid of molar concentration 1mol/L or
The sodium hydroxide solution of molar concentration 1mol/L adjusts pH value to 6.5, and one time of nutrition liquid was changed per two days.Semen Tritici aestivi is in greenhouse
Its indices is determined after growing 3 weeks.The formula of nutritional solution wherein used and the assay method of screening index are as previously mentioned.Point
The screening index of each kind is not determined, the screening index of the wheat breed for being drawn is carried out into Comprehensive Correlation, filter out three
1 kind of index comprehensive numerical value highest is the phosphorus use efficiency highest kind in 16 wheat breeds（6#）, filter out three
1 minimum kind of individual index comprehensive numerical value is the minimum kind of phosphorus use efficiency in 16 wheat breeds（4#）As right
According to.Fig. 2 is that phosphorus efficiency is filtered out in Solution culture method secondary screening using kind 6# and the post of the poorly efficient utilization kind 4# screening index of phosphorus
Shape figure.As can be seen from Figure 2 phosphorus efficiency is substantially better than the poorly efficient utilization kind of phosphorus using kind in three indexs.
The phosphorus efficiency for filtering out carries out next step test using kind 6# and poorly efficient utilization kind 4# of phosphorus（Physiological Mechanism and point
Handset is managed）.
Claims (5)
- It is 1. a kind of that method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, it is characterised in that：Specifically according to the following steps Carry out：a）The wheat breed that the consistent needs of full, seed size are screened is selected, the culture for being covered with filter paper is placed in respectively In ware, sprout in illumination box to the seedling for taking root；b）Sand culture primary dcreening operation：From step a）Each wheat breed seedling in pick out 2n strains and grow consistent seedling, and by each The seedling of kind is divided into two groups, two groups of seedling is poured respectively with the nutritional solution of two kinds of different phosphorus concentrations, until Semen Tritici aestivi is ripe；c）Plant height, grain number per spike and the mass of 1000 kernel of two groups of sand culture Seedlings of each kind are determined respectively, then by relative character value=low-phosphorous The measured value that the normal phosphorus of measured value ÷ of process is processed, calculates the relative plant height of each kind, relative grain number per spike and with respect to thousand Weight；The relative character value for being calculated each wheat breed is ranked up, comprehensive each relative character value ranking is finally filtered out It is phosphorus efficiency profit with respect to plant height, three index value synthesis highest 2-4 wheat breeds of relative grain number per spike and relative mass of 1000 kernel With kind, filtering out relative plant height, relative grain number per spike and 2-4 comprehensively minimum kind of three index values of mass of 1000 kernel relatively is The relatively low kind of phosphorus use efficiency is used as control；d）By step c）The phosphorus efficiency for filtering out is using kind and the poorly efficient utilization kind of phosphorus by step a）Method sprout to taking root Secondary screening seedling, choose the consistent 2n strain secondary screening seedling of growing way, the secondary screening seedling of each kind is divided into into two groups, with two kinds of differences The nutritional solution of phosphorus concentration carries out respectively water planting to two groups of secondary screening seedling, and culture determines respectively two groups of Rooted Cuttings of each kind after three weeks Dry matter weight, phosphorus content, chlorophyll content, then process by the normal phosphorus of measured value ÷ of relative character value=low-phosphorous process Measured value, calculates the relative dry matter weight of each kind, relative phosphorus content, relative chlorophyll content；e）Relative dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content according to the multiple wheat breeds for calculating is carried out Sequence, comprehensive each relative character value ranking finally filters out relative dry matter weight, relative phosphorus content and relative chlorophyll content three 1 wheat breed of individual index comprehensive highest is phosphorus use efficiency with respect to highest kind.
- It is 2. according to claim 1 that method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, it is characterised in that： The nutritional solution of different phosphorus concentrations is divided into the nutritional solution of the nutritional solution of reduced phosphorus levels and normal phosphorus level, and the phosphorus source of the nutritional solution is KH2PO4, deionized water is formulated, and the phosphorus content in the nutritional solution of every liter of reduced phosphorus levels is 27mg, per liter of normal phosphorus level Nutritional solution in phosphorus content be 544mg/L, other compositions and content all same in two kinds of the nutritional solution, every liter of nutritional solution In contain NH4NO3For 2.50mmol/L, K2SO4For 2.50mmol/L, CaCl2For 2.00mmol/L, MgSO4·7H2O is 1.50mmol/L；Trace element in the nutritional solution adopts Arnon nutrient solution prescriptions, wherein Fe2+2.8mg/L, with Fe-EDTA Allocate into.
- 3. according to claim 1 and 2 that method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, its feature exists In：Step b）Middle sand culture test container adopts 29cm × 19cm plastic tubs, sand and trematodiasiss of the cultivation matrix by the ︰ 1 of volume ratio 1 Stone is constituted.
- 4. according to claim 1 and 2 that method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, its feature exists In：Step b）In one group of seedling pour the nutritional solution of reduced phosphorus levels, another group of seedling pours the nutritional solution of normal phosphorus level； Poured once with nutritional solution week about, every time per basin nutrient solution 500mL, nutritional solution waters once for three days after pouring, every time Water 500mL per basin.
- It is 5. according to claim 4 that method of the phosphorus efficiency using kind is screened from multiple wheat breeds, it is characterised in that： Step d）In ciltivating process be：Bottom seedlings nursing plate is fixed on upward on Turnover Box with the iron wire for scribbling antirust paint, is moved Plant secondary screening seedling to be placed in nursery disk hole, add water to equal with bottom seedlings nursing plate；One of which secondary screening seedling pours reduced phosphorus levels Nutritional solution, another group of secondary screening seedling pour the nutritional solution of normal phosphorus level, light application time 12h on daytime, night 12h, and daytime is most 32 DEG C of high-temperature, 27 DEG C of night minimum temperature；It is with the hydrochloric acid or molar concentration that molar concentration is 1mol/L daily during culture The sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L adjusts medium pH value to 6.5, and one time of nutrition liquid was changed per two days.
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| CN116034869B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2024-03-15 | 河南农业大学 | Method for rapidly screening wheat varieties with different phosphorus efficiencies |
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