AU2019356706A1 - Permanent form for forming concrete structures - Google Patents

Abstract

A permanent form (13) serving to form concrete structures and comprising sidewalls (11) comprises: an interior form (14) that forms the inner face of a side wall; an exterior form (16) that forms the outer face of the sidewall; and a plurality of vertical reinforcements (17) that are disposed between the interior form and the exterior form and that hold the exterior form alone or together with the interior form. The exterior form and the interior form have: a plurality of base plates (18) that are formed from plastic into square plates and that are aligned so as to be in firm contact with each other in the vertical and horizontal directions; a plurality of central reinforcement plates (19) that are formed from plastic into square plates substantially equal in size to the base plates, that join four adjacent base plates, and that are aligned so as to be in firm contact with each other in the vertical and horizontal directions; and a plurality of end reinforcement plates (21) that are formed from plastic into rectangular plates are arranged into a quadrangular frame so as to join adjacent base plates while being located on the outer edges of the plurality of central reinforcement plates aligned so as to be in firm contact with each other in the vertical and horizontal directions.

Description

DESCRIPTION PERMANENT FORM FOR FORMING CONCRETE STRUCTURES TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001]

The present invention relates to a form serving to

form a concrete underground beam which supports an

understructure portion or an underground portion of a

building or a concrete sidewall of a storage tank

storing rainwater and the like. More particular, it

relates to a permanent form which remains on a surface

of the underground beam or the sidewall. It is to be

noted that the present international application claims

priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 190711

(Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-190711) filed on

October 9, 2018 and the entire contents of Japanese

Patent Application No. 2018-190711 are incorporated by

reference into this international application.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002]

There has been conventionally disclosed a storage

tank including a concrete bottom slab laid on a bottom

portion of a hole dug in the ground, a storage complex

provided on this bottom slab and accommodated in the

hole, a concrete square cylindrical sidewall provided to surround the storage complex on the bottom slab, and a sidewall forming member configured to form this sidewall into a square frame shape (for example, see Patent

Document 1, claim 1,claim 5, paragraphs [0019] and

[0023], and FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to FIG. 5]. In this

storage tank, the storage complex has a plurality of

square plate-shaped partition plates each having at

least one cylindrical rib protruded on a lower surface

thereof and having at least one cylindrical rib

protruded on an upper surface thereof, cylindrical

spacers connected to one or both of the upper surface

and the lower surface of each of these partition plates

while being fitted to the cylindrical ribs, and an

outermost layer portion provided by alternating

arranging the partition plates and the spacers in a

vertical direction on the outermost side of the storage

complex. Further, the sidewall forming member has: a

plurality of stages of interior forms formed into a

square cylinder shape by arranging a plurality of first

plate materials so as to come into contact with a

plurality of spacers constituting the outermost layer

portion at portions forming an outer surface of the

outermost layer portion in accordance with each of

stages between a plurality of stages of partition walls

which constitute the outermost layer portion and are

vertically arranged at intervals; a plurality of

vertical reinforcements inserted into the plurality of stages of the partition plates, which constitute the outermost layer portion and are vertically arranged at intervals, so as to be placed on the outer side of the plurality of first plate materials; and a single stage of ab exterior form which is formed into a square cylinder shape by holding a plurality of second plate materials arranged on the outer side of the plurality of stages of partition plates, which constitute the outermost layer portion and are vertically arranged at intervals, at predetermined intervals from the vertical reinforcements with the use of a plurality of separators. Furthermore, the first plate materials are plastic cardboard materials, and the second plate materials are steel nettings.

[0003]

In the thus configured storage tank, pouring and

hardening fresh concrete between the interior forms and

the exterior forms enables forming the sidewall on an

upper surface of the bottom slab, and storage complex

constructing work, sidewall forming member constructing

work, and sidewall forming work can be substantially

simultaneously can be proceeded. Consequently, even an

unskilled worker can form the concrete sidewall by a

relatively simple method in a relatively short time.

Moreover, even if a relatively large horizontal partial

pressure of an earth pressure acts on an outer puerperal

surface of the storage tank, the structurally robust concrete sidewall receives the partial pressure, and hence the storage complex can be prevented from being damaged. Additionally, since the concrete sidewall is supported by the storage complex in the storage tank, a thickness of the sidewall can be suppressed to the requisite minimum. Further, the plastic cardboard material which is relatively light in weight and has relatively high strength is used as each first plate material, the steel netting which is relatively light in weight and has relatively high strength is used as each second plate material, and hence conveyance and installment of the first plate materials and the second plate materials can be relatively easily carried out.

CITATION LIST PATENT LITERATURE

[0004]

Patent Document 1: International Publication

W02017/073546

SUMMARY OF INVENTION TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0005]

In the storage tank disclosed in Patent Document 1,

since the steel netting is prone to deform and has no

self-standing property, there is a drawback that many

steps are required to hold this vertically erected steel netting by the separators. Furthermore, in the storage tank disclosed in Patent Document 1, when this storage tank is entirely installed on the ground or when a lower portion of the storage tank is buried underground and an upper portion of the same is exposed on the ground, there is also a problem that an appearance of the outer peripheral surface of the storage tank is impaired.

[0006]

On the other hand, there is a method for piling up

bricks to form the exterior form, but the piled-up

bricks have a self-standing structure without being

supported by the separators, and hence casting a large

amount of the fresh concrete between the interior form

and the exterior form at a time results into collapse of

the brick-built exterior form. Thus, there is a problem

that work of casting and hardening a small amount of the

fresh concrete between the interior form and the

exterior form and again casting and hardening a small

amount of the same must be repeated.

[0007]

A first object of the present invention is to

provide a permanent form for forming concrete

structures, which has self-standing properties and

enables readily assembling a robust exterior form or

both the exterior form and an interior form. A second

object of the present invention is to provide a

permanent form for forming concrete structures, which can improve an appearance of a storage tank in case of installing the entire storage tank on the ground or installing the storage tank in such a manner that a lower portion of the storage tank is buried in the ground and an upper portion of the same protrudes on the ground. A third object of the present invention is to provide a permanent form for forming concrete structures, which enables easily and inexpensively fabricating base plates constituting an exterior form or both the exterior form and an interior form, central reinforcement plates, end reinforcement plates, and the like. A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a permanent form for forming concrete structures, which enables very easily holding an exterior form or both the exterior form and an interior form and enables assuredly preventing a deformation of the exterior form and the interior form even if fresh concrete is casted between the interior form and the exterior form at a time.

SOLUTION TO PROBLEM

[0008]

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, according to a first

aspect of the present invention, there is provided a

permanent form 13 which is provided to form a concrete

structure constituted of a concrete sidewall 11 erected

on a concrete bottom slab 12 laid on a bottom portion of a hole dug in the ground or on the ground, and remains on a surface of the sidewall 11, including: an interior form 14 forming an inner face of the sidewall 11; an exterior form 16 forming an outer face of the sidewall

11, and a plurality of vertical reinforcements 17 which

are arranged between the interior form 14 and the

exterior form 16 and hold the exterior form or both the

exterior form 16 and the interior form 14, in which the

exterior form or both the exterior form 16 and the

interior form 14 have: a plurality of base plates 18

which are formed into a square plate shape with the use

of plastic and closely aligned in the vertical and

horizontal directions; a plurality of central

reinforcement plates 19 which are formed into a square

plate shape substantially equal to that of the base

plates 18 in size with the use of plastic, couple four

adjacent base plates 18, and closely aligned in the

vertical and horizontal directions; and a plurality of

end reinforcement plates 21 which are formed into a

rectangular plate shape with the use of plastic, placed

on outer edges of the plurality of central reinforcement

plates 19 closely aligned in the vertical and horizontal

directions, and aligned in a square frame shape while

coupling adjacent base plates 18.

[0009]

A second aspect of the present invention is

characterized by, in the invention based on the first aspect, as further shown in FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 9, that plastic decorative plates 34 are mounted on surfaces of the plurality of central reinforcement plates 19 respectively, and a pattern 34b is raised or indented on a surface of each of the decorative plates 34.

[0010]

A third aspect of the present invention is

characterized by, in the invention based on the first or

second aspect, as further shown in FIG. 1, that the

sidewall 11 is a concrete underground beam which is

buried in the ground and provided on the bottom slab 12

to support a building, an outer face of this underground

beam 11 is formed of the exterior form 16, and an inner

face of the underground beam 11 is formed of the

interior form 14.

[0011]

A fourth aspect of the present invention is

characterized by, in the invention based on the first or

second aspect, as further shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 13,

that the side wall 51 is a concrete square cylindrical

sidewall provided on the bottom slab 52 to surround a

rectangular parallelepiped storage complex 55 for

forming a storage tank 50, and an outer face of this

sidewall 51 is formed of the exterior form 16.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

[0012]

In the permanent form according to the first aspect

of the present invention, the exterior form or both the

exterior form and the interior form are formed by

coupling the base plates, the central reinforcement

plates, and the end reinforcement plates in the vertical

and horizontal directions, the plurality of vertical

reinforcements are disposed between the interior form

and the exterior form, the exterior form or both the

exterior form and the interior form are held by these

vertical reinforcements, and hence the exterior form or

both the exterior form and the interior form having the

self-standing properties and robustness can be easily

assembled. Consequently, even if a large amount of the

fresh concrete is poured between the interior form and

the exterior form at a time, a concrete sidewall having

a predetermined shape can be formed without deforming

the exterior form or both the exterior form and the

interior form. Further, since the base plates, the

central reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement

plates are made of plastic, the base plates, the central

reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement plates

constituting the exterior form or both the exterior form

and the interior form can be easily fabricated.

Furthermore, forming the base plates, the central

reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement plates

with the use of waste plastic enables inexpensively

fabricating the base plates, the central reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement plates constituting the exterior form or both the exterior form and the interior form.

[0013]

In the permanent form according to the second

aspect of the present invention, the decorative plates

made of plastic are mounted on the surfaces of the

plurality of central reinforcement plates respectively,

the pattern is raised or indented on the surfaces of the

decorative plates, and hence the decorative plates each

having the pattern raised or indented on the surfaces

thereof are exposed when the sidewall is formed on the

ground. Consequently, the appearance of the surface of

the sidewall can be improved.

[0014]

In the permanence frame according to the third

aspect of the present invention, since the sidewall is

the concrete underground beam which is buried in the

ground and provided on the bottom slab to support a

building and the outer face of this underground beam is

formed of the exterior force whilst the inner face of

the underground beam is formed of the interior form, the

exterior form and the interior form are formed by

coupling the bate plates, the central reinforcement

plates, and the end reinforcement plates in the vertical

and horizontal directions, the plurality of vertical

reinforcements are arranged between the interior frame and the exterior frame, and the exterior form and the interior form are held by these vertical reinforcements.

Consequently, the exterior form and the interior form

which have the self-standing properties and the

robustness can be easily assembled. Further, even if a

large amount of the fresh concrete is poured between the

interior frame and the exterior frame at a time, the

concrete sidewall having a predetermined shape can be

formed without deforming the exterior form and the

interior form.

[0015]

In the permanent form according to the fourth

aspect of the present invention, since the sidewall is

the concrete square cylindrical sidewall which is

provided to surround the rectangular parallelepiped

storage complex on the bottom slab for forming the

storage tank and the outer face of this sidewall is

formed of the exterior form, the exterior form is formed

by coupling the base plates, the central reinforcement

plates, and the end reinforcement plate in the vertical

and horizontal directions, the plurality of vertical

reinforcements are arranged between the interior form

and the exterior form, and the exterior form is held by

these vertical reinforcements. Consequently, the

exterior form having the self-standing properties and

the robustness can be easily assembled. It is to be

noted that the interior form is assembled to the outer peripheral surface of the storage complex assembled on the bottom slab. Furthermore, as compared with a case where the steel netting or the bricks are used as the exterior form, assembling work of the exterior form can be greatly reduced and, even if a large amount of the fresh concrete is poured between the interior form and the exterior form at a time, the concrete sidewall having a predetermined shape can be formed without deforming the exterior form. Moreover, in a case where the entire storage tank is installed on the ground or the storage tank is installed in such a manner that the lower portion thereof is buried in the ground and the upper portion thereof is protruded on the ground, mounting the decorative plates on the surfaces of the central reinforcement plates of the exterior form protruded on the ground enables improving the appearance of the surface of the storage tank.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a primary part

showing a state where an underground beam is formed with

the use of a permanent form for forming concrete

structures according to a first embodiment of the

present invention;

FIG. 2(a) is a front view showing a basic

assembling procedure for base plates of an exterior form or an interior form of the permanent form, and (b) is a front view showing a basic procedure for coupling the adjacent base plates by a central reinforcement plate;

FIG. 3(a) is a front view showing a basic procedure

for placing end reinforcement plates on outer edges of

the central reinforcement plate which couples the

adjacent base plates and coupling the adjacent base

plates by the end reinforcement plates, and (b) is a

front view showing a basic procedure for mounting a

decorative plate on a surface of the central

reinforcement plate;

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a halfway state of

assembling the exterior frame or the interior frame of

an underground beam with the use of the base plates, the

central reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement

plates;

FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a

primary part showing a connecting structure of the

exterior forms at a portion where the exterior forms

become orthogonal to each other;

FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view of the base plate

seen from a front surface side, and (b) is a perspective

view of the base plate seen from a back surface side;

FIG. 7(a) is a perspective view of the central

reinforcement plate seen from the front surface side,

and (b) is a perspective view of the central

reinforcement plate seen from the back surface side;

FIG. 8(a) is a perspective view of the end

reinforcement plate seen from the front surface side,

and (b) is a perspective view of the end reinforcement

plate seen from the back surface side;

FIG. 9(a) is a perspective view of the decorative

plate seen from the front surface side, and (b) is a

perspective view of the decorative plate seen from the

back surface side;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a

portion A in FIG. 13, showing a state where a sidewall

of a storage tank buried in the ground is formed with

the use of a permanent form for forming concrete

structures according to a second embodiment of the

present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along a

line B-B in FIG. 13;

FIG. 12 is a front view showing a halfway state of

assembling an exterior form of the storage tank with the

use of base plates, central reinforcement plates, and

end reinforcement plates;

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a

storage facility including this storage tank; and

FIG. 14 is a front view of the exterior form,

showing a state where decorative plates are mounted on a

sidewall of an upper half of a storage tank which is

installed in such a manner that a lower portion thereof

is buried in the ground and an upper portion thereof is protruded on the ground using a permanent form for forming concrete structures according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be

described with reference to the drawings.

[0018]

<First Embodiment>

As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a concrete

sidewall 11 which is a concrete structure is a concrete

underground beam which supports an understructure

portion or an underground portion of a building, and

this underground beam 11 is erected in a square frame

shape on a concrete square plate-shaped bottom slab 12

laid on a bottom portion of a hole dug in the ground.

The underground beam 11 is formed of a permanent form 13

remaining on a surface of this underground beam 11,

i.e., an outer face and an inner face of the underground

beam 11. This permanent form 13 includes an interior

form 14 forming the inner face of the underground beam

11, an exterior form 16 forming the outer face of the

underground beam 11, and a plurality of vertical

reinforcements 17 which are arranged between the

interior form 14 and the exterior form 16 and hold the

exterior form 16 and the interior form 14.

[0019]

The exterior form 16 and the interior form 14 are

plane-symmetrically formed of the same components (FIG.

1). Each of the exterior form 16 and the interior form

14 has a plurality of base plates 18 which are formed

into a square plate shape using plastic and closely

aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions, a

plurality of central reinforcement plates 19 which are

formed into a square plate shape substantially equal to

that of the base plate 18 in size with the use of the

plastic, couple the adjacent four base plates 18, and

are closely aligned in the vertical and horizontal

directions, and a plurality of end reinforcement plates

21 which are formed into a rectangular plate shape using

the plastic, placed on outer edges of the plurality of

central reinforcement plates 19 closely aligned in the

vertical and horizontal directions, couple the adjacent

base plates 18, and aligned in a square frame shape

(FIG. 1 to FIG. 4). The base plates 18, the central

reinforcement plates 19, and the end reinforcement

plates 21 are made of a polyolefin resin (polypropylene,

polyethylene, and the like), a vinyl chloride resin, and

the like.

[0020]

The base plate 18 is preferably formed into a

square plate shape which is 20 cm to 80 cm on a side and

has a thickness of 4 cm to 8 cm. Further, the base plate

18 has a base plate body 18a formed into a square plate

shape, four base plate coupling holes 18b each formed at

a substantial center of a divided square plate when this

base plate body 18a is divided into four square plates,

four cylindrical ribs 18c which are protruded on a side

facing the central reinforcement plate 19 or the end

reinforcement plate 21 of both sides of the base plate

body 18a and surround the peripheries of the four base

plate coupling holes 18b respectively, and a frame

shaped protrusion 18d which is protruded on an opposite

side of a side facing the central reinforcement plate 19

or the end reinforcement plate 21 of both the sides of

the base plate body 18a and formed into a square frame

shape extending along an outer edge of the base plate

body 18a (FIG. 1 and FIG. 6). Furthermore, on an outer

peripheral surface of the base plate 18, i.e., an outer

face of the frame-shaped protrusion 18d, concave

portions 18e and convex portions 18f are alternately

formed in a checkerboard pattern (a checker pattern) in

two rows in the thickness direction of the base plate 18

and four rows in the longitudinal direction of the base

plate in accordance with each of four sides (FIG. 6). A

height of the cylindrical ribs 18c is formed to be

substantially equal to a thickness of each of an

exterior corner portion connecting plate 22 (FIG. 5) and

an interior corner portion connecting plate (not shown)

which will be described later.

[0021]

Further, the plurality of base plates 18 are

closely aligned within the same vertical plane in the

vertical and horizontal directions (FIG. 2 to FIG. 4).

In this instance, the concave portions 18e and the

convex portions 18f formed on the outer face of the

frame-shaped protrusion 18d of the base plate 18 are

loosely fitted onto and loosely inserted into the convex

portions 18f and the concave portions 18e formed on the

outer face of the frame-shaped protrusion 18d of an

adjacent base plate 18, respectively. Consequently, the

base plate 18 and the adjacent base plate 18 can be

prevented from moving within an interface thereof,

namely, the base plate 18 and the adjacent base plate 18

can be prevented from relatively moving in the

longitudinal direction and the thickness direction

thereof. Moreover, the concave portions 18e and the

convex portions 18f formed on the outer face of the

frame-shaped protrusion 18d of the base plate 18 are

loosely fitted on and loosely inserted into the convex

portions 18f and the concave portions 18e formed on the

outer face of the frame-shape protrusion 18d of an upper

or lower base plate 18, respectively. In this case,

likewise, the base plate 18 and the upper or lower base

plate 18 can be prevented from moving within an

interface thereof.

[0022]

Reference numeral 18g in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6(b)

denotes a horizontal reinforcement rib which is provided

to horizontally extend in the frame-shaped protrusion

18d, and reference numeral 18h in FIG. 6(b) denotes a

vertical reinforcement rig which is provided to

vertically extend in the frame-shaped protrusion 18d. In

this embodiment, a plurality of locking holes 18i are

formed in the horizontal reinforcement rib 18g and

vertical two sides of the four sides of the frame-shaped

protrusion 18d of the base plate 18 at predetermined

intervals. Additionally, one end of a later-described

exterior separator 24 is locked on an exterior vertical

reinforcement 17a of the vertical reinforcements 17

whilst the other end of the same is locked in the

locking hole 18i of the base plate 18 forming the

exterior form 16, and one end of a later-described inner

separator 26 is locked on an interior vertical

reinforcement 17b of the vertical reinforcement 17

whilst the other end is locked in the locking hole 18i

of the base plate 18 forming the interior form 14. It is

to be noted that locking holes may be provided in the

horizontal reinforcement rib and the vertical

reinforcement rib, and the locking holes may be provided

in all the four sides of the frame-shaped protrusion. In

this case, the upper, lower, left, and right sides of

the base plate are not distinguished, and construction

work for the base plates can be facilitated.

[0023]

The central reinforcement plate 19 is preferably

formed into a square plate shape which is 20 cm to 80 cm

on a side and has a thickness of 3 cm to 6 cm (FIG. 1

and FIG. 7). Further, the central reinforcement plate 19

has a central reinforcement plate body 19a formed into a

square plate shape, four central coupling pins 19b

protruded on a side facing the base plate 18 of both

sides of the central reinforcement plate body 19a, a

square decorative plate accommodating concave portion

19c formed at the center of an opposite side of a side

facing the base plate 18 of both the sides of the

central reinforcement plate body 19a. Furthermore, each

of the four central coupling pins 19b is formed at a

substantial center of a divided square plate when the

central reinforcement plate body 19a is divided into

four square plates. Consequently, in a state where the

adjacent four base plates 18 are closely aligned in the

vertical and horizontal directions (FIG. 2), inserting

the four central coupling pins of the central

reinforcement plate 19 into the base plate coupling

holes 18b of the four base plates respectively in such a

manner that the central reinforcement plate 19 is placed

at the center of the four base plates 18 and overlaps

one corner of each of the four base plates 18 enables

coupling the four base plates 18 by the central

reinforcement plate 19 (FIG. 2 (b) and FIG. 3(a)). Here, the central coupling pins 19b are press-fitted or driven into the base plate coupling holes 18b and configured to be prevented from being easily removed by vibration or the like. It is to be noted that reference numeral 19d in FIG. 7(b) denotes lightweight concave portions formed on a side facing the base plate 18 of both the sides of the central reinforcement plate body 19a, and reference numeral 19e denotes reinforcement ribs protruded in the lightweight concave portions 19d in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, reference numeral 19f in

FIG. 2(b), FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 denote four

through holes for mounting a decorative plate 34.

Furthermore, the concave portions and the convex

portions having a checkerboard pattern (a checker

pattern) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the

base plate 18, i.e., the outer peripheral surface of the

frame-shaped protrusion 18d are not formed on the outer

peripheral surface of the central reinforcement plate

19.

[0024]

On the other hand, the end reinforcement plate 21

is formed into a rectangular plate shape whose longer

sides have a length which is 1.5 times the central

reinforcement plate 19, whose shorter sides have a

length which is 0.5 times the central reinforcement

plate 19, and whose thickness is the same as a thickness

of the central reinforcement plate 19 (FIG. 1, FIG. 3,

FIG. 4, and FIG. 8). Moreover, the end reinforcement

plate 21 has an end reinforcement plate body 21a formed

into a rectangular plate shape, and three end coupling

pins 21b protruded toward the base plate 18 on both

sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a (FIG. 1,

FIG. 5, and FIG. 8(b)). Additionally, each of the three

end coupling pins 21b is formed at a substantial center

of a divided square plate when the end reinforcement

plate body 21a is divided into square plates each side

of which is a short side of the end reinforcement plate

body 21a. Consequently, in a state where the four base

plates 18 are coupled by one central reinforcement plate

19, the two end coupling pins 21b of the three end

coupling pins 21b of the end reinforcement plate 21 are

inserted into the base plate coupling holes 18b of one

base plate 18 respectively and the one remaining end

coupling pin 21b is inserted into the base plate

coupling hole 18b of the base plate 18 adjacent to this

base plate 18 in such a manner that one end

reinforcement plate 21 is placed on the outer edge of

one central reinforcement plate 19, whereby the two

plate plates 18 are coupled in such a manner that the

one end reinforcement plate 21 overlaps the two base

plates 18 (FIG. 3(a)). When the same work as that

described above is repeated, the three end reinforcement

plates are placed on the outer edge of the one central

reinforcement plate and aligned in a square frame shape while coupling the adjacent base plates (FIG. 3(b)). In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of end reinforcement plates 21 are placed on the outer edges of the plurality of central reinforcement plates

19 closely extending in the horizontal direction and

aligned in a square frame shape while coupling the

adjacent base plates 18. Here, the end coupling pins 21b

are press-fitted or driven into the base plate coupling

holes 18b, and configured so that they can be prevented

from being easily removed by vibration or the like.

[0025]

It is to be noted that reference numeral 21c in

FIG. 8(a) denotes an engagement convex stripe protruded

on one short side of a pair of short sides of the end

reinforcement body 21a, and reference numeral 21d in

FIG. 8(b) denotes a short-side engagement concave stripe

indented on the other short side of the pair of short

sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a. Further,

reference numeral 21e in FIG. 8 denotes a long-side

engagement concave stripe formed on each of both end

portions of a pair of long sides of the end

reinforcement plate body 21a. When the engagement convex

stripe 21c engages with the short-side engagement

concave stripe 21d or the long-side coupling concave

stripe 21e, the movement of the engage reinforcement

plates 21, 21 in the thickness direction is avoided.

Furthermore, reference numeral 21f in FIG. 8(b) denotes a lightweight concave portion formed on a side facing the base plate 18 of both the sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a, and reference numeral 21g in FIG. 8(a) denotes a plurality of lightweight concave portions formed in the longitudinal direction on an opposite side of the side facing the base plate 18 of both the sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a.

[0026]

On the other hand, the plurality of vertical

reinforcements 17 have a plurality of exterior vertical

reinforcements 17a which hold exterior form 16 using the

exterior separators 24 and are erected at intervals in

the longitudinal direction of the exterior form 16, and

a plurality of interior vertical reinforcements 17b

which hold the interior form 14 using interior

separators 26 and are erected at intervals in the

longitudinal direction of the interior form 14 (FIG. 1).

The exterior separators 24 and the interior separators

26 are formed into the same shape with the same size. An

exterior reinforcement 28 is assembled by coupling the

plurality of exterior vertical reinforcements 17a and a

plurality of exterior horizontal reinforcements 27 in a

lattice pattern with the use of a binding wire or

welding, and an interior lattice reinforcement 31 is

assembled by assembling the plurality of interior

vertical reinforcements 17b and a plurality of interior

horizontal reinforcements 29 in a lattice pattern with the use of the binding wire or the welding. A reinforcement temporary assembly 32 assembled by crossing a plurality of reinforcements narrower that these vertical reinforcements 28, 31 in the vertical, horizontal, and height directions using the binding wire or the welding is provided between the plurality of exterior vertical reinforcements 17a and the plurality of interior vertical reinforcements 17b, i.e., between the exterior lattice reinforcement 28 and the interior lattice reinforcement 31. Furthermore, the plurality of exterior lattice reinforcements 28 are coupled with an outer face of the reinforcement temporary assembly 32 using the binding wire or the welding, and the plurality of interior lattice reinforcements 31 are coupled with an inner face of the reinforcement temporary assembly 32 by the binding wire or the welding, thereby fabricating a reinforcement assembly 33. A lower portion of this reinforcement assembly 33 is buried in the concrete bottom slab 12. Moreover, it is preferable to form the exterior separators 24 and the interior separators 26 by bending a metal wire such as a wire at a construction site or using a metal rod of carbon steel or the like bent into a predetermined shape in advance.

[0027]

It is to be noted that, as shown in FIG. 5, the

exterior forms 16, 16 abutting on each other at a right

angle are connected through the exterior corner portion connecting plate 22 having a substantially L-like shape as seen in a plan view. One flat plate portion 22a of this exterior corner portion connecting plate 22 is inserted between the base plate 18 and the end reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end portion of one exterior form 16, and the other flat plate portion

22b is inserted between the base plate 18 and the end

reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end portion of

the other exterior form 16. Additionally, the interior

forms 14, 14 abutting on each other at a right angle are

connected through an interior corner portion connecting

plate (not shown) having a substantially L-like shape as

seen in a plan view. One flat plate portion (not shown)

of this interior corner portion connecting plate is

inserted between the base plate 18 and the end

reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end portion of

one interior form 14, and the other flat plate portion

(not shown) is inserted between the base plate 18 and

the end reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end

portion of the other interior form 14. Further, as shown

in FIG. 3(b), the plastic decorative plate 34 may be

mounted on a surface of the central reinforcement plate

19. In this embodiment, the decorative plate 34 has a

decorative plate body 34a formed into a substantially

square plate shape, a pattern 34b which is raised on a

surface of this decorative plate body 34a and

constituted of Mount Fuji and the sun, and four mounting pins 34c which are protruded on a back side of the decorative plate body 34a and inserted into the four through holes 19f of the central reinforcement plate 19

(FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 9). When the underground beam 11 is

exposed on the surface of the ground, mounting this

decorative plate 34 on the surface of the central

reinforcement plate 19 of the exterior form 16 enables

improving the appearance of the underground beam 11.

Here, the mounting pins 34c are press-fitted or driven

into the through holes 19f and configured so that they

cannot be easily removed by vibration or the like. The

exterior corner portion connecting plate 22, the

interior corner portion connecting plate, and the

decorative plate 34 are made of a polyolefin resin

(polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like), a vinyl

chloride resin, and the like. Furthermore, it is

preferable to form the exterior corner portion

connecting plate 22 and the interior corner portion

connecting plate with a thickness of approximately 1 cm

to 2 cm and form the decorative plate 34 with a

thickness of approximately 0.4 cm to 1.2 cm.

[0028]

A description will now be given on an assembling

procedure of the thus configured underground beam 11.

First, a hole having a bottom portion larger than the

bottom slab 12 is dug in the ground, and the

reinforcement assembly 33 is placed in a square frame shape on the bottom portion of this hole. Then, the fresh concrete is poured into the bottom portion of the hole, and the concrete bottom slab 12 having the square plate shape is formed on the bottom portion of the hole.

At this moment, a lower portion of the reinforcement

assembly 33 is buried in the bottom slab 12.

Subsequently, on the bottom slab 12, the exterior form

16 is formed by coupling the base plates 18, the central

reinforcement plates 19, and the end reinforcement

plates 21 in the vertical and horizontal directions as

shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, and the interior form 14 is

formed by coupling the base plates 18, the central

reinforcement plates 19, and the end reinforcement

plates 21 in the vertical and horizontal directions as

shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4. Additionally, the exterior

frame 16 is placed on the outer side of the

reinforcement assembly 33 at a predetermined interval,

ends of the exterior separators 24 on one side are

locked on the exterior horizontal reinforcements 27 of

the exterior lattice reinforcement 28, and ends of the

exterior separators 24 on the other side are locked in

the locking holes 18i of the base plates 18 of the

exterior form 16 (FIG. 1). Consequently, the exterior

form 16 is held by the plurality of exterior vertical

reinforcements 17a through the plurality of exterior

separators 24 and the plurality of exterior horizontal

reinforcements 27. Further, the interior form 14 is placed on the inner side of the reinforcement assembly

33 at a predetermined interval, ends of the interior

separators 26 on one side are locked on the interior

horizontal reinforcements 29 of the interior lattice

reinforcement 31, and ends of the interior separators 26

on the other side are locked in the locking holes 18i of

the base plates 18 of the interior form 14.

Consequently, the interior form 14 is held by the

plurality of interior vertical reinforcements 17b

through the plurality of interior separators 26 and the

plurality of interior horizontal reinforcements 29.

[0029]

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the exterior forms 16, 16

abutting on each other at a right angle are connected

through the exterior corner portion connecting plate 22,

and the interior forms 14, 14 abutting on each other at

a right angle are connected through the interior corner

portion connecting plate. In the thus assembled

permanent form 13, as compared with a case where the

exterior forms and the interior forms are formed using

the steel netting, plywood, and the like, the work for

assembling the exterior form 16 and the interior form 14

can be greatly shortened. That is, the exterior form 16

and the interior form 14 having the self-standing

properties and the robustness can be easily assembled.

Furthermore, the fresh concrete is poured and hardened

between the interior form 14 and the exterior form 16 to form the underground beam 11 (FIG. 1). At this moment, even if a large amount of the fresh concrete is poured between the interior forms 14 and the exterior forms 16, the exterior vertical reinforcements 17a hold the exterior form 16 through the exterior separators 24, the interior vertical reinforcements 17b hold the interior frame 14 through the interior separators 26, and hence the concrete underground beam 11 having a predetermined shape can be formed without deforming the exterior form

16 and the interior form 14. Moreover, since the base

plates 18, the central reinforcement plates 19, and the

end reinforcement plates 21 are made of plastic, the

base plates 18, the central reinforcement plates 19, and

the end reinforcement plates 21 constituting the

exterior form 16 and the interior form 14 can be easily

fabricated. Additionally, when the base plates 18, the

central reinforcement plates 19 and the end

reinforcement plates 21 are formed using waste plastic,

the base plates 18, the central reinforcement plates 19,

and the end reinforcement plates 21 constituting the

exterior form 16 and the interior form 14 can be

inexpensively fabricated.

[0030]

<Second Embodiment>

FIG. 10 to FIG. 13 show a second embodiment of the

present invention. In FIG. 10 to FIG. 13, reference

numerals equal to those in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 denote the same parts. In this embodiment, a sidewall 51 is a concrete square cylindrical sidewall provided to surround a rectangular parallelepiped storage complex 55 on a bottom slab 52 to form a storage tank 50, and an outer surface of this sidewall 51 is formed of each exterior form 56 of a permanent form 53. The bottom slab

52 is laid on a bottom portion of a hole 59 dug in the

ground. The sidewall 51 is formed into a square frame

shape with the use of the permanent frame 53 having the

exterior frame 56, each interior frame 54, and a

plurality of vertical reinforcements 57. As shown in

FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the storage complex 55 has a

plurality of stages of horizontal connecting bodies 61

to 64 on a plurality of stages constituted by aligning

and connecting a plurality of square plate-shaped

partition plates 58 within a horizontal plane, a

plurality of cylindrical spacers 66 connected to either

one or both of a lower surface and an upper surface of

each of the plurality of partition plates 58, and an

outermost layer portion 67 provided by alternately

arranging the partition plates 58 and the spacers 66 in

the vertical direction on the outermost side of the

storage complex 55. Further, at least one cylindrical

rib 58a, 58b is protruded on a lower surface of each

partition plate 58, and at least one cylindrical rib

58c, 58d is protruded on an upper surface of the same.

Furthermore, each cylindrical spacer 66 is fitted to each of the cylindrical ribs 58a to 58b and thereby connected to one or both of the lower surface and the upper surface of each partition plate 58.

[0031]

In this embodiment, two ribs which are the first

cylindrical rib 58a having a small diameter and the

second cylindrical rib 58b having a large-diameter are

concentrically formed on the lower surface of the

partition plate 58, and two ribs which are the third

cylindrical rib 58c having a small diameter and the

fourth cylindrical rib 58d having a large diameter are

concentrically formed on the upper surface of the

partition plate 58 (FIG. 10). The diameter of the first

cylindrical rib 58a and the diameter of the third

cylindrical rib 58c are equally formed, and the diameter

of the second cylindrical rib 58b and the diameter of

the fourth cylindrical rib 58d are equally formed.

Furthermore, an insertion hole 58e into which a later

described spindle pipe 68 can be inserted is formed at a

center of the partition plate 58 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11).

Reference numeral 58f in FIG. 11 denotes a plurality of

flow holes which are formed in the partition plate 58

and through which rainwater 70 (FIG. 13) can pass. It is

to be noted that, although not shown, engaged holes are

formed at four corner portions of the partition plate 58

respectively, and a first engaging protrusion 71a of a

first coupling piece 71 formed into a square plate shape or a second engaging protrusion (not shown) of a second coupling piece (not shown) formed into a rectangular plate shape is configured to enable engagement with each of these engaged holes. That is, the plurality of partition plates 58 placed within the same horizontal plane are coupled by the first coupling pieces 71 or the second coupling pieces. Specifically, the respective corner portions of the four partition plates 58 adjacent to each other within the same horizontal plane are coupled with each other by the first coupling pieces 71, and the respective corner portions of the two adjacent partition plates 58 placed on the outermost side within the same horizontal plane are coupled with each other by the second coupling pieces. Moreover, it is preferable to form the partition plates 58, the first coupling pieces 71, and the second coupling pieces into a square plate shape which is approximately 20 cm to 40 cm on a side with the use of a polyolefin resin (polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like), a vinyl chloride resin, and the like.

[0032]

In this embodiment, each of the spacers 66 is

formed into a cylindrical shape and constituted in such

a manner that an upper end thereof is fitted to the

large-diameter second cylindrical rib 58b of the

partition plate 58 and a lower end thereof is fitted to

the large-diameter fourth cylindrical portion 58d of another partition plate 58 (FIG. 10). Additionally, a plurality of flow holes 66a through which the rainwater

(FIG. 13) can pass are formed on an outer peripheral

surface of each spacer 66. It is preferable to form the

spacers 66 using plastic which is the same as the

material of the partition plates 58.

[0033]

On the other hand, concave portions 58g and convex

portions 58h in two rows in the thickness direction of

the partition plate 58 and four rows in the longitudinal

direction of the partition plate 58 are alternately

formed in a checkerboard pattern (a checker pattern) on

the outer peripheral surface of the partition plate 58

in accordance with each of the four sides (FIG. 11).

Further, aligning and connecting the plurality of the

partition plates 58 with each other within the same

horizontal plane enables constituting horizontal

connecting bodies 61 to 64. In this instance, the

concave portions 58g and the convex portions 58h of the

partition plate 58 are loosely fitted on and loosely

inserted into the convex portions 58h and the concave

portions 58g of the adjacent partition plate 58,

respectively. Consequently, the partition plate 58 and

the adjacent partition plate 58 can be prevented from

moving on their interface.

[0034]

In this embodiment, the horizontal connecting

bodies 61 to 64 are formed on four stages, and they

consist of the first horizontal connecting body 61 on

the lowermost stage, the second horizontal connecting

body 62 on a second stage from the bottom, the third

horizontal connecting body 63 on a third stage from the

bottom, and the horizontal connecting body 64 on a

fourth stage from the bottom (the uppermost stage) (FIG.

13). Each of the first, third, and the fourth horizontal

connecting bodies 61, 63, and 64 is formed into a square

plate shape, and the second horizontal connecting body

62 is formed into a square frame shape. Furthermore, in

this embodiment, the outermost layer portion 67 is

provided on the outermost side of the storage complex

, and an interior outer layer portion 69 is provided

to be adjacent to the inner side of this outermost layer

portion 67. The outermost layer portion 67 and the

interior outer layer portion 69 are constituted by

alternately arranging the partition plates 58 and the

spacers 66 in the vertical direction. That is, the

outermost layer portion 67 and the interior outer layer

portion 69 include not only the partition plates 58 and

the spacers 66 stacked in the vertical direction between

the partition plate 58 constituting the first horizontal

connecting body 61 on the lowermost stage and the

partition plate 58 constituting the fourth horizontal

connecting body 64 on the uppermost stage but also the partition plate 58 constituting the first horizontal connecting body 61 and the partition plate 58 constituting the fourth horizontal connecting body 64 on the uppermost stage. Furthermore, the partition plates

58 on the inner side of the interior outer layer 69 are

arranged at an interval of one stage in the vertical

direction. Consequently, the second horizontal

connecting body 62 is formed into a square frame shape

consisting of the partition plates 58 alone constituting

the outermost layer portion 67 and the interior outer

layer portion 69 without arranging the partition plates

58 on the inner side of the interior outer layer portion

69.

[0035]

On the other hand, the interior form 54 of the

permanent form 53 is formed into a square cylindrical

shape by arranging a plurality of interior plates 54a,

and the exterior form 56 is formed into the same shape

with the same size as the exterior form in the first

embodiment. Moreover, the vertical reinforcements 57

have exterior vertical reinforcements 57a which

constitute the outermost layer portion 67 and are

inserted into through holes (not shown) formed in the

partition plates 58 so that they are placed on the outer

side of the interior form 54 on the respective partition

plates 58 of the first to fourth horizontal connecting

bodies 61 to 64. Additionally, ends of the exterior separators 24 on one side are locked on the exterior horizontal reinforcements 27 forming the exterior lattice reinforcement 28 together with the exterior vertical reinforcements 57a, and ends of the same on the other end are locked in locking holes 18i of the base plates 18 of the exterior form 56, whereby the exterior form 56 is held by the exterior vertical reinforcements

57a through the exterior separators 24 and the exterior

horizontal reinforcements 27. The interior form 54 is

formed into a square cylindrical shape by arranging

interior plates 54a in accordance with each stage of the

first to fourth horizontal connecting bodies 61 to 64

which constitute the outermost layer portion 67 and are

arranged at intervals in the vertical direction in such

a manner that these plates come into contact with

portions of the plurality of spacers 66, which form

outer faces of the outermost layer portion 67,

constituting the outermost layer portion 67, namely,

that they come into line contact with these outer faces

while surrounding all of the plurality of spacers 66

constituting the outermost layer portion 67 (FIG. 10 and

FIG. 11). It is preferable to form each interior plate

54a by using a polypropylene plastic carboard which is

relatively light in weight and has relatively high

strength, and the interior plates 54a adjacent to each

other are arranged to partially overlap (FIG. 11). Here,

a plurality of auxiliary receiving members 72 which receive the interior forms 54 together with the spacers

66 constituting the outermost layer portion 67 are

preferably inserted into flow holes 58f of the partition

walls 58 constituting the outermost layer portion 67.

This auxiliary receiving member 72 is preferably formed

of a vinyl chloride tube. It is to be noted that, in

this embodiment, the interior vertical reinforcements,

the interior horizontal reinforcement, the interior

lattice reinforcements, the interior separators, the

reinforcement temporary assembly, and the reinforcement

assembly in the first embodiment are not used, but the

outer peripheral surface of the storage complex 55 and

the exterior lattice reinforcement 28 (the plurality of

exterior vertical reinforcements 57a and the plurality

of exterior horizontal reinforcements 27) are covered

with a lattice-shaped reinforcing rebar (not shown)

formed by welding reinforcements extending in the

vertical and horizontal directions.

[0036]

It is to be noted that reference numeral 19g in

FIG. 12 denotes four notched concave portions formed at

four corners of an opposite surface of a surface facing

the base plate 18 of both the surfaces of the central

reinforcement plate body 19 of the exterior form 56,

respectively. A reinforcement plate connecting hole 19h

is formed at a center of each of these notched concave

portions 19g. Further, when the four central reinforcement plates 19 are closely aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions, the four notched concave portions 19g are combined at the center of these central reinforcement plates 19 to form a connecting plate accommodation concave portion 19i which can accommodate a square plate-shaped connecting plate (not shown). Four reinforcement plate connecting pins (not shown) are protruded on a back side of the connecting plate, and inserting these reinforcement plate connecting pins into the reinforcement plate connecting holes 19h of the four central reinforcement plates 19 respectively connects the four central reinforcement plates 19. Here, the reinforcement plate connecting pins are press-fitted or drove into the reinforcement plate connecting holes 19h and configured so that they cannot be easily removed by vibration or the like.

[0037]

On the other hand, a spindle pipe 68 extending in

the vertical direction is provided to pierce through the

partition plates 58 and the spacers 66 constituting the

outermost layer portion 67 and the interior outer layer

portion 69 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). Furthermore, a

plurality of long holes 68a extending in the

longitudinal direction of the spindle pipe 68 are formed

on an outer peripheral surface of the spindle pipe 68 at

predetermined intervals to prevent occurrence of air

accumulation (FIG. 10). Moreover, the spindle pipe 68 is provided to extend from the bottom surface to the top surface of the storage tank 50 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). It is to be noted that, when the storage tank is relatively small in size and just relatively small strength is required, the spindle pipe may be omitted.

[0038]

The partition plates 58 which are placed on the

inner side of the interior outer layer portion 69 and

constitute the first horizontal connecting body 61 on

the lowermost stage and the third horizontal connecting

body 63 on the third stage from the bottom in the first

to fourth horizontal connecting bodies 61 to 64 are

connected through a long spacer 73 configured to be

longer than the spacer 66 and extend in the vertical

direction and connecting adaptors 74 (FIG. 11 and FIG.

13). Additionally, the connecting adaptor 74 has a

binding member 75 which binds the four partition plates

58 as one in the same plane and a funnel-shaped funnel

member 76 which connects this binding member 75 with the

long spacer 73. A square plate-shaped bottom plate 77 is

laid on a lower surface of the first horizontal

connecting body 61 on the lowermost stage, and a square

plate-shaped top plate 78 is put on a top surface of the

fourth horizontal connecting body 64 on the uppermost

stage (FIG. 13). Further, a top surface of the top plate

78 is covered with an impermeable sheet 79.

Consequently, mud water is prevented from entering the

storage tank 50.

[0039]

On the other hand, a tip of a rainwater introducing

tube 81 is inserted into the storage tank 50 (FIG. 13).

A base end of this rainwater introducing tube 81 is

connected to a dust removal management pit 82 buried in

the ground at a position higher than the storage tank

, and this dust removal management pit 82 is connected

to a side ditch 84 having a substantially U-like cross

section through a rainwater inflow tube 83. The dust

removal management pit 82 has a first pit 91 connected

to the side ditch 84 through the rainwater inflow tube

83 and a second pit 92 provided to be adjacent to the

first pit 91. A middle bottom wall 91a having a top

surface tilting in a gradually declining direction is

provided at the center of the first pit 91 in the

vertical direction. Furthermore, at the center of a

bottom portion of the first pit 91, an upright tube 91b

is erected to pierce through the middle bottom wall 91a,

and an upper end of this upright tube 91b is formed to

tilt in substantially the same direction as that of the

top surface of the middle bottom wall 91a. Moreover, the

base end of the rainwater introducing tube 81 is

connected to a lower side surface of the upright tube

91b. On the other hand, on adjoining side surfaces of

the first pit 91 and the second pit 92, an outflow hole

91c and an inflow hole 92a which lead a small amount of

rainwater flowing down on the middle bottom wall 91a in

light rain into the second pit 92 are formed,

respectively.

[0040]

An assembling procedure of the thus configured

storage tank 50 will now be described. First, the hole

59 having the bottom portion wider than the bottom slab

52 is dug in the ground, and the concrete bottom slab 52

is laid on the bottom portion of this hole 59 (FIG. 13).

Then, the plurality of square plate-shaped partition

plates 58, the cylindrical spacers 66, the first

coupling pieces 71, the second coupling pieces, the

spindle pipes 68, and the like are prepared, the storage

complex 55 is constructed on the bottom slab 52, and

this storage complex 55 is accommodated in the hole 59.

In this instance, the outermost layer portion 67 of the

storage complex 55 is first constructed on the bottom

slab 52, and then the inside of the storage complex 55

is constructed, but the permanent form 53 is constructed

simultaneously with this construction of the inside of

the storage complex 55.

[0041]

A constructing procedure of the permanent form will

now be described with reference to FIG. 10. First, the

auxiliary receiving members 72 are inserted into the

flow holes 58f of the partition plates 58 constituting the outermost layer portion 67 along the outer face of the outermost layer portion 67. Then, the interior forms

54 on three stages are formed in the square cylinder

shape respectively by arranging the plurality of

interior plates 54a so that they come into contact with

portions, which form the outer face of the outermost

layer portion 67, of the plurality of spacers 66

constituting the outermost layer portion 67 in

accordance with each stage between the four-stage

partition plates 58. Further, the plurality of exterior

vertical reinforcements 57a are extended in the vertical

direction so as to be placed on the outer side of the

plurality of interior plates 54a, and inserted into the

through holes, which are parallel to the outer face of

the outermost layer portion 67, of the plurality of

partition plates 58 which constitute the outermost layer

portion 67 and are arranged at intervals in the vertical

direction, then the exterior horizontal reinforcements

27 extending in the horizontal direction and the

external vertical reinforcements 57a are crossed, and

their intersections are fixed by the binding wires (not

shown) to form the exterior lattice reinforcements 28.

Subsequently, a water blocking material (not shown)

having water swelling properties is arranged on the

bottom slab 52 between the interior forms 54 and the

exterior forms 56, and then the outer peripheral surface

of the storage complex 55 and the exterior lattice reinforcements 28 (the plurality of exterior vertical reinforcements 57a and the plurality of exterior horizontal reinforcements 27) are covered with the lattice-shaped reinforcing rebar (not shown).

[0042]

Furthermore, the base plates 18 on the first stage

and the second stage of the exterior forms 56 are

assembled on the bottom slab 52, these base plates 18

are coupled using the central reinforcement plates 19,

the plurality of end reinforcement plates 21 are placed

on lower edges and both-side edges of the plurality of

central reinforcement plates 19 closely aligned in the

horizontal direction, the adjoining base plates 18 are

coupled using these end reinforcement plates 21, and the

exterior forms 56 abutting on each other at a right

angle are connected through the exterior corner portion

connecting plate 22, thereby forming the exterior forms

56 into a square frame shape at a predetermined interval

from the exterior vertical reinforcements 57a (FIG. 11).

In this instance, the reinforcing rebars are placed

between the external vertical reinforcements 57a and the

exterior forms 56. Then, one end of each exterior

separator 24 is locked on each exterior horizontal

reinforcement 27, the other end of the same is locked in

each locking hole 18i of the base plates 18 on the first

stage, one end of another exterior separator 24 is

locked on each exterior horizontal reinforcement 27, and the other end of the same is locked in each locking hole

18i of the base plates 18 on the second stage (FIG. 10).

[0043]

Furthermore, the base plates 18 on the third state

are stacked on the base plates 18 on the second stage,

these base substrates 18 are coupled through the central

reinforcement plates 19, the plurality of end

reinforcement plates 21 are placed on the upper edges

and both-side edges of the plurality of central

reinforcement plates 19 closely aligned in the

horizontal direction, the adjoining base plates 18 are

coupled using these end reinforcement plates 21, and the

exterior forms 56, 56 abutting on each other at a right

angle are connected through the exterior corner portion

connecting plate 22. Moreover, one end of each exterior

separator 24 is locked on each exterior horizontal

reinforcement 27, and the other end of the same is

locked in each locking hole 18i of the base plates 18 on

the third stage. Consequently, the exterior forms 56

having the self-standing properties and robustness can

be easily assembled. Consequently, as compared with a

case where steel nettings or bricks are used as the

exterior forms, the assembling work of the exterior

forms 56 can be greatly shortened.

[0044]

Then, the fresh concrete is poured and hardened

between the interior forms 54 and the exterior forms 56 to form the sidewall 51 (FIG. 10, FIG. 11, and FIG. 13).

In this instance, since the auxiliary receiving members

72 as well as the plurality of spacers 66 constituting

the outermost layer portion 67 receive the interior

forms 54, the spacers 66 and the auxiliary receiving

members 72 receive a pressure of the fresh concrete

acting on the interior forms 54. Consequently, the

storage complex 55 can be assuredly prevented from

deforming at the time of casting the fresh concrete

between the interior forms 54 and the exterior forms 56.

Additionally, even if a large amount of the fresh

concrete is poured between the interior forms 54 and the

exterior forms 56 at a time, the exterior vertical

reinforcements 57a hold the exterior forms 56 through

the exterior separators 24, the interior forms 54 are

received by the auxiliary receiving members 72 together

with the plurality of spacers 66 constituting the

outermost layer portion 67, and hence the concrete

sidewall 51 having a predetermined shape can be formed

without deforming the exterior forms 56 and the interior

forms 54. Operations and effects other than those

described above are substantially the same as the

operations and the effects of the first embodiment, thus

omitting a repeated description.

[0045]

<Third Embodiment>

FIG. 14 shows a third embodiment according to the

present invention. In FIG. 14, reference numerals equal

to those in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 denote the same parts. In

this embodiment, a hole is shallowly dug, a bottom slab

is laid on a bottom portion of this hole, and a storage

tank is installed in such a manner that a lower portion

thereof is buried in the ground and an upper portion

thereof is protruded on the ground. Further, decorative

plates 34 are mounted on surfaces of central

reinforcement plates 19 of an external form 106 of a

permanent form 103 forming a sidewall of the storage

tank protruded on the ground. A pattern 34b constituted

of Mount Fuji and the sun is raised on a surface of each

of the decorative plates 34. Parts other than those

described above are constituted in the same manner as

that in the second embodiment.

[0046]

In the permanent form 103 of the thus configured

storage tank, since the decorative plates 34 having the

pattern 34b constituted of Mount Fuji and the sun raised

thereon are mounted on the surfaces of the central

reinforcement plates 19 protruded on the ground, the

appearance of the surfaces of the portions protruded on

the ground of the storage tank can be improved.

Operations and effects other than those described above

are substantially the same as the operations and the effects of the second embodiment, thus omitting a repeated description.

[0047]

It is to be noted that, in the first embodiment,

the square frame-shaped underground beam is erected on

the concrete square plate-shaped bottom slab laid on the

bottom portion of the hold dug in the ground, but a

triangular frame-shaped, a pentagonal frame-shaped, any

other polygonal frame-shaped, or a straight-line

underground beam may be erected on a triangular plate

shaped, polygonal plate-shaped, or any other polygonal

bottom slab. Furthermore, in the first and third

embodiment, the pattern constituted of Mount Fuji and

the sun is raised on the surface of each decorative

plate, a pattern of pigeons or cherry blossoms, a

manufacturer's logo, or any other pattern may be raised

or indented on the surface of each decorative plate.

Moreover, the bottom slab is laid on the bottom portion

of the hole and the entire storage tank is buried in the

ground in the second embodiment, the hole is shallowly

dug, the bottom slab is laid on the bottom portion of

this hole and the storage tank is installed in such a

manner that the lower portion thereof is buried in the

ground and the upper portion thereof protruded on the

ground in the third embodiment, but the bottom slab may

be laid on the ground, and the entire storage tank may

be installed on the ground. In this case, mounting the decorative plates on the surfaces of the central reinforcement plates of the exterior form enables improving the appearance of the surface of the storage tank.

[0048]

Additionally, the horizontal connecting bodies are

provided on the three stages in the second embodiment,

but the horizontal connecting bodies may be provided on

two stages or four or more stages. Further, in the

second embodiment, the partition plates on the inner

side of the interior outer layer portion are arranged at

an interval of one stage in the vertical direction, but

the interior outer layer portion may be eliminated when

an earth pressure from the top surface of the storage

tank is relatively small. That is, the partition plates

on the inner side of the outermost layer portion may be

arranged at an interval of one stage in the vertical

direction. Furthermore, the concrete bottom slab is laid

and then the concrete sidewall is provided on the bottom

slab in the second embodiment, but the concrete bottom

slab and sidewall may be simultaneously formed.

Specifically, the reinforcements welded in a lattice

pattern may be formed into a bowl-like shape to

fabricate a bowl-shaped reinforcement, the plurality of

bowl-shaped reinforcements may be aligned and placed on

a bottom portion of a hole in an inverted manner, a

first-stage horizontal connecting body and an outermost layer portion of a storage complex may be assembled on these members, and the fresh concrete may be poured into a portion which becomes a bottom slab (a portion including the plurality of bowl-shaped reinforcements aligned on the bottom portion of the hole) and a portion which becomes a sidewall (the inside of a sidewall forming member) from a plurality of positions in a state where the sidewall forming member has been assembled to surround the plurality of bowl-shaped reinforcements, thereby simultaneously forming the bottom slab and the sidewall which are made of concrete.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

[0049]

11 underground beam (sidewall)

12, 52 bottom slab

13, 53, 103 permanent form

14 interior form

16, 56, 106 exterior form

17, 57 vertical reinforcement

18 base plate

19 central reinforcement plate

21 end reinforcement plate

34 decorative plate

34b pattern

50 storage tank

51 sidewall storage complex

Claims (4)

1. A permanent form for forming concrete structures,

which is provided to form a concrete structure

constituted of a concrete sidewall erected on a concrete

bottom slab laid on a bottom portion of a hole dug in

the ground or on the ground, and remains on a surface of

the sidewall, comprising:

an interior form forming an inner face of the

sidewall; an exterior form forming an outer face of the

sidewall, and a plurality of vertical reinforcements

which are arranged between the interior form and the

exterior form and hold the exterior form or both the

exterior form and the interior form,

wherein the exterior form or both the exterior form

and the interior form have: a plurality of base plates

which are formed into a square plate shape with the use

of plastic and closely aligned in the vertical and

horizontal directions; a plurality of central

reinforcement plates which are formed into a square

plate shape substantially equal to that of the base

plates in size with the use of plastic, couple four

adjacent base plates, and closely aligned in the

vertical and horizontal directions; and a plurality of

end reinforcement plates which are formed into a

rectangular plate shape with the use of plastic, placed

on outer edges of the plurality of central reinforcement plates closely aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions, and aligned in a square frame shape while coupling adjacent base plates.

2. The permanent form for forming concrete structures

according to claim 1, wherein plastic decorative plates

are mounted on surfaces of the plurality of central

reinforcement plates respectively, and a pattern is

raised or indented on a surface of each of the

decorative plates.

3. The permanent form for forming concrete structures

according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sidewall is a

concrete underground beam which is buried in the ground

and provided on the bottom slab to support a building,

an outer face of the underground beam is formed of the

exterior form, and an inner face of the underground beam

is formed of the interior form.

4. The permanent form for forming concrete structures

according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sidewall is a

concrete square cylindrical sidewall provided on the

bottom slab to surround a rectangular parallelepiped

storage complex for forming a storage tank, and an outer

face of the sidewall is formed of the exterior form.