AU2019233100B2 - Coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving - Google Patents

Coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving Download PDF

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AU2019233100B2
AU2019233100B2 AU2019233100A AU2019233100A AU2019233100B2 AU 2019233100 B2 AU2019233100 B2 AU 2019233100B2 AU 2019233100 A AU2019233100 A AU 2019233100A AU 2019233100 A AU2019233100 A AU 2019233100A AU 2019233100 B2 AU2019233100 B2 AU 2019233100B2
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coal
support
caving
plate
vibration
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AU2019233100A1 (en
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Kuidong GAO
Zhihai LIU
Lirong WAN
Chenglong Wang
Liang Wang
Yang Yang
Qingliang Zeng
Xin Zhang
Yi Zhang
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

A coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving, comprising a base (1), a coal gangue particle impact vibration test device, and a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device, wherein the coal gang particle impact vibration test device comprises a vibration stand device (3), a support assembly, a coal caving device (2), and a high-speed camera assembly (205). The coal gangue particles is released to the vibration stand device (3) by means of the coal caving device (2). Instantaneous image information of the coal gang particles falling to the vibration stand device (3) is obtained by the high-speed camera assembly (205). The coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device comprises a coal flow-simulated caving device (4), a coal gangue conveying device (401), a coal shoveling device (405), and a top coal caving hydraulic support working group (5). The coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test is performed on the top coal caving hydraulic support working group (5) by means of a simulated mining pressure loading device (402) and a coal flow pressing device (403). The test system can achieve the vibration plate test of impact simulation of single-particle, multi-particle, and group-particle coal gangue, and can also simulate the actual release of top coal caving and effectively obtain the data of the release test of top coal caving.

Description

Coal Gangue Interface Recognition Test System for Top Coal Caving
I. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving, and belongs to the technical field of coal-gangue interface recognition in top coal caving mining.
II. Background Art
Coal takes a leading position in the energy resources in China, has direct influence on the development of national industry and agriculture, and plays an important role in the entire national economy. The development of coal mining techniques is an important measure for improving coal mining rate and an important means for increasing coal output. Besides, coal mining automation is conducive to improving workers' working conditions, reducing personal casualty accidents and improving labor productivity. Thick coal seams account for about 44.8% of the total coal reserves in China, and a considerable part of almost 3 billion tons of coal per year is mined by top coal caving. Therefore, the research and wide application of top coal caving techniques is of great significance to the development of the coal industry in China. At present, in the process of fully mechanized and automated top coal caving mining, falling of the top coal is mainly judged and controlled by manual visual inspection. The heavy dust and harsh conditions at the mining face cause safety risks to the field operators, and it is difficult to accurately judge the degree of top coal falling manually, which inevitably leads to over-caving and under-caving situations in the process of top coal caving mining. How to determine the time of coal caving at the coal caving opening according to the degree of coal falling is a difficult problem encountered in the process of fully mechanized top coal caving mining. As the yield at the coal mining face is increased, it is necessary to increase the advancing speed of the hydraulic support, and a manual control method for opening/closing the coal caving opening can't meet the requirement of the operation of electro-hydraulic top coal caving supports anymore. Automatic recognition of coal-gangue interface is the basis for realizing automatic opening/closing control of the coal caving opening and automation of top coal caving mining. Therefore, automatic recognition of coal-gangue interface becomes a basic task in the coal production process.
At present, most researches on the methods for automatic recognition of coal and gangue in the top coal caving mining process are in the ray recognition and image recognition field, and have low recognition efficiency and are subject to severe field interference factors. Though both coal and gangue belong to rocks, their physical properties are quite different, and generate different vibration response signals when they impact the hydraulic support in the coal falling process. If the vibration response signals are distinguished with a scientific method and then are utilized, a new idea for coal and gangue recognition in top coal caving mining can be provided. In recent years, some domestic researchers have made researches on coal-gangue interface recognition methods based on tail beam vibration signals and obtained effective results. Through signal processing and feature extraction, the coal-gangue interface can be recognized accurately in laboratories, but there is still a large gap to practical engineering application, and the recognition methods are not perfect yet. Besides, owing to the lack of relevant theories, the theoretical development of coal and gangue recognition in top coal caving mining based on data analysis and the practical application of coal and gangue recognition techniques are seriously limited. In order to clearly understand the essential causes for signal .I .
generation and the real transmission law under various field conditions, it is necessary to quantitatively analyze the vibration characteristics when rock and coal impact the tail beam in the research process. However, at present, no reasonable experimental installations are available for proofing and supporting the researches.
III. Summary of the Invention
To overcome the drawbacks in the prior art, the present invention provides a coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving, including a base, and a coal gangue particle impact vibration test device and a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device that are arranged on the base; wherein
the coal gangue particle impact vibration test device includes a vibration stand device, a support assembly, a coal caving device and a high-speed camera assembly, wherein the vibration stand device is arranged at the bottom of the support assembly, the coal caving device is arranged on the support assembly and above the vibration stand device, and the high-speed camera assembly is arranged on one side of the support assembly and is arranged side by side with the vibration stand device; the coal gangue particles are released to the vibration stand device through the coal caving device, and information of instantaneous image of the coal gangue particles falling on the vibration stand device is acquired by means of the high-speed camera assembly; the coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device includes a coal flow-simulated caving device, a coal gangue conveying device, a coal shoveling device, and a plurality of top coal caving hydraulic support working groups; the plurality of top coal caving hydraulic support working groups are arranged side by side in a top coal caving support working group storage slideway arranged in the base; the coal flow-simulated caving device includes a simulated mining pressure loading device, a coal flow pressing device and a hydraulic support adjusting and placement device, which are arranged from top to bottom; the coal shoveling device is arranged at one side of the coal flow-simulated caving device for pushing the tested coal gangue particles to the coal gangue conveying device; the coal gangue conveying device is arranged at one end of the coal flow-simulated caving device for conveying the coal gangue particles onto the coal flow-simulated caving device, so that a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test is carried out subsequently for the top coal caving hydraulic support working groups with the simulated mining pressure loading device and the coal flow pressing device.
Preferably, the support assembly includes a supporting base assembly and a lifting mechanism installed on the supporting base assembly, wherein the supporting base assembly is arranged in a support assembly slideway arranged in the base, the lifting mechanism includes lifting guide posts arranged vertically at the four corners of the supporting base assembly, and the coal caving device is connected on the four lifting guide posts.
Preferably, the supporting base assembly includes a sliding chassis, the bottom of the sliding chassis is installed on the base via a toothed mesh anti-skid rod and a toothed mesh anti-skid rod connecting cylinder, anti-shake press bar loaders and anti-shake press bars are arranged on the sliding chassis, the anti-shake press bar loaders are arranged in a slot arranged in the sliding chassis, the bottom ends
• 2 • of the lifting guide posts are installed at four corners of the sliding chassis by lifting guide post fixing bolts, and the sliding chassis is provided with a slot corresponding to a multi-particle coal caving device supporting base slideway. An advantage of this design is that the vibration stand device enters into the slot in the sliding chassis through the vibration stand device slideway, so that the vibration stand device is located right below the coal caving device, and is pressed by the anti-shake press bars. Thus, the stability of the vibration stand is ensured when the coal gangue falls on the vibration stand.
Preferably, the coal caving device includes a multi-particle coal caving assembly, which includes a first lifting board, a multi-particle coal caving stand, and a coal caving plate assembly, wherein the first lifting board is connected to the lifting guide posts via slide blocks, the multi-particle coal caving stand is installed on the first lifting board, and the multi-particle coal caving stand and the first lifting board are provided with coal falling openings corresponding to each other, the coal caving plate assembly is arranged in the coal falling opening provided in the multi-particle coal caving stand and the bottom of the coal caving plate assembly is connected with a transverse slide rod and a longitudinal slide rod, and the ends of the transverse slide rod and the longitudinal slide rod are slidably connected to the multi-particle coal caving stand via a transverse slide block and a longitudinal slide block.
Preferably, the coal caving plate assembly includes a coal caving plate provided with at least one coal gangue particle caving opening, each of which is provided with a coal gangue particle bottom baffle, a coal gangue particle transverse baffle, and a coal gangue particle longitudinal baffle; two-way slidably connecting blocks are provided at four corners of the bottom of the coal caving plate, and the transverse slide rod and the longitudinal slide rod penetrate through the two-way slidably connecting blocks.
Preferably, a coal gangue particle storage box is arranged on one side of the first lifting board, a four degree-of-freedom manipulator is arranged on one side of the multi-particle coal caving stand, and the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator is adjacent to the coal gangue particle storage box.
Preferably, the coal caving device further includes a group particle coal caving assembly, which includes coal caving box combination plates and ball-head hydraulic cylinders, the ball-head hydraulic cylinder includes a ball-head hydraulic cylinder body and a ball-head hydraulic rod hinged to a coal caving box connecting table arranged around the coal caving box combination plates; the bottom of the slide block is provided with a first telescopic extension rod and a second telescopic extension rod that are connected with each other, and the second telescopic extension rod is connected to the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body. An advantage of this design is that the first telescopic extension rod and the second telescopic extension rod can lift the coal caving box combination plates, so as to meet different requirements of group particle vibration test.
Preferably, the high-speed camera assembly includes a first lifting rod of high-speed camera, a second lifting rod of high-speed camera, and a high-speed camera installed at the top end of the second lifting rod of high-speed camera, wherein the bottom end of the second lifting rod of high-speed camera is connected to the top end of the first lifting rod of high-speed camera, and the bottom end of the first lifting rod of high-speed camera is installed in a high-speed camera assembly slideway arranged in the base.
Preferably, the vibration stand device includes a planar plate vibration stand assembly, which includes • 3 • a vibration stand movement base, a secondary vibration stand movement base, and a planar vibration plate, wherein the secondary vibration stand movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base and provided with a vibration stand support sliding slot, and the bottom of the planar vibration plate is installed on the vibration stand support sliding slot by connecting to third vibration stand lifting supports, second vibration stand lifting supports, and first vibration stand lifting supports sequentially.
Preferably, the vibration stand device further includes a box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly, which includes a vibration stand movement base, a secondary vibration stand movement base, and a box-type vibration plate, wherein the secondary vibration stand movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base; a vibration stand support sliding slot and a vibration stand material recycling device are arranged on the secondary vibration stand movement base; the box-type vibration plate is inside the vibration stand material recycling device and the bottom of the box-type vibration plate is installed on the vibration stand support sliding slot by connecting to third vibration stand lifting supports, second vibration stand lifting supports, and first vibration stand lifting supports sequentially; the vibration stand material recycling device includes a main material collection box, a first lateral material collection baffle, a second lateral material collection baffle, a third lateral material collection baffle, a first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, a first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate, a second inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate, a telescopic baffle of main material collection box, a hill-shaped material collection plate, a second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, and hill-shaped telescopic plates, wherein the bottom of the main material collection box is slidably arranged in a longitudinal slideway in the secondary vibration stand movement base, the telescopic baffle of main material collection box is slidably embedded in a slot in the bottom end of the main material collection box, the first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably arranged in a transverse slideway of the secondary vibration stand movement base, the second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably installed in the first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, the hill-shaped material collection plate is welded to the top end face of the second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, two sets of hill-shaped telescopic plates are respectively slidably installed in the slots in the two ends of the hill-shaped material collection plate, and the bottom surface of the hill-shaped material collection plate is always connected with two opposite inner side plates of the main material collection box by means of the telescoping of the hill-shaped telescopic plates with respect to the hill-shaped material collection plate; the first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate is welded to the inner end face of the hill shaped material collection plate and connected with a side edge of the box-type vibration plate; the second inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably installed in the first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate; the first lateral material collection baffle is slidably installed on an inner side plate of the main material collection box, the second lateral material collection baffle is slidably installed in a slot in the first lateral material collection baffle, and the third lateral material collection baffle is slidably installed in a slot in the second lateral material collection baffle.
Preferably, the vibration stand device further includes a box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly, which includes a vibration stand movement base, a secondary vibration stand movement base, a box-type oil cylinder connecting plate and a vibration oil cylinder, wherein the secondary vibration stand movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement .4.
base, vibration stand support sliding slots are arranged in the secondary vibration stand movement base, one side of the bottom of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate is installed on the vibration stand support sliding slots by connecting to third vibration stand lifting supports, second vibration stand lifting supports, and first vibration stand lifting supports sequentially, and the other side of the bottom of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate is hinged to a piston rod of the vibration oil cylinder, and the bottom end of the cylinder block of the vibration oil cylinder is hinged on the vibration stand support sliding slots.
Preferably, the vibration stand device further includes a single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly, which includes a vibration stand movement base, a secondary single top coal caving support movement base, and a top coal caving hydraulic support, wherein the secondary single top coal caving support movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base, and the top coal caving hydraulic support is installed on the secondary single top coal caving support movement base.
Preferably, the simulated mining pressure loading device includes two support columns arranged opposite to each other on the base, a sliding clamp plate is installed on each of the two support columns respectively, a fixed single-slot plate is connected on each sliding clamp plate, two sliding slot plates are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two fixed single-slot plates, the bottom of one sliding slot plate is sequentially connected with a single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder, a single-cylinder pressurization tank rod, and a single-cylinder pressurization plate, and the bottom of the other sliding slot plate is connected with a multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder, a plurality of separate pressurization rods are arranged side by side on the bottom of the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder, and the bottom of each separate pressurization rod is connected with a separate pressurization plate.
Preferably, the coal flow pressing device includes two second sliding clamp plates installed opposite to each other on the support columns, a second fixed sliding slot plate is connected on each second sliding clamp plate, two longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rods are connected to two opposite inner sides of the two second fixed sliding slot plates, two transverse movement detaining slide rods are slidably connected on the two longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rods, wherein the bottom end of the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod is sequentially connected with a main detaining plate and a second main pressing plate, and the second main pressing plate is slidably connected in a slot provided in the bottom end of the main detaining plate, the bottom end of the transverse movement detaining slide rod is sequentially connected with detaining distribution plates and stepped diffused distribution plates, and the stepped diffused distribution plates are slidably connected in slots provided in the bottom ends of the detaining distribution plates.
Preferably, the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device includes a main support adjusting and placement plate, a sliding belt conveyer, support pushing manipulators, a sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder, support blocking manipulators, and a support placement plate; a support placement plate clamp slot, a secondary top coal caving support group movement base through-slot, a hydraulic support positioning slot, and a support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot are arranged in the main support adjusting and placement plate, wherein the main support adjusting and placement plate is slidably installed in a hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway arranged in the base, the sliding belt conveyer and the support placement plate are slidably installed . 5.
side by side in the support placement plate clamp slot and are connected via the sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder; the support pushing manipulators are slidably installed in side slots in the two ends of the sliding belt conveyer, and a plurality of support blocking manipulators are slidably installed side by side in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot in one side of the support placement plate; the support pushing manipulator includes a first lifting rod of support pushing manipulator, a second lifting rod of support pushing manipulator, a first pushing rod of support pushing manipulator, a second pushing rod of support pushing manipulator, and a two-way pushing block, which are connected sequentially, wherein the bottom end of the first lifting rod of support pushing manipulator is slidably installed in the side slots in the two ends of the sliding belt conveyer; the support blocking manipulator includes a first lifting rod of support blocking manipulator, a second lifting rod of support blocking manipulator, a third lifting rod of support blocking manipulator, a first pushing rod of support blocking manipulator, a second pushing rod of support blocking manipulator, and a two-way stop block, wherein the bottom end of the first lifting rod of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot.
Further preferably, four support blocking manipulators are slidably installed side by side in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot in one side of the support placement plate.
Preferably, the coal gangue conveying device includes a primary conveyer belt, a secondary conveyer belt, lateral baffles of conveyer belt, inner lateral baffles of conveyer belt, tiled small baffles of conveyer belt, and longitudinal small baffles of conveyer belt; wherein the primary conveyer belt and the secondary conveyer belt are connected with each other in tandem at their bottom ends and placed in a coal gangue conveying device placement slideway arranged in the base plate, the lateral baffles of conveyer belt and the inner lateral baffles of conveyer belt are installed at the two sides of the secondary conveyer belt respectively, the tiled small baffles of conveyer belt are connected with the sides of the primary conveyer belt and the sides of the secondary conveyer belt respectively, and the longitudinal small baffles of conveyer belt are slidably installed on the top end faces of the tiled small baffles of conveyer belt; the coal gangue conveying device placement slideway is in communication with a coal shoveling passage, and the top end of the secondary conveyer belt is located above the coal flow pressing device. An advantage of this design is that the longitudinal small baffles of conveyer belt and the tiled small baffles of conveyer belt jointly form a coal gangue baffling device at the transitional contact position of the two conveyor belts, and the coal gangue pushed from the coal shoveling passage to the primary conveyer belt is conveyed to the bottom end of the secondary conveyer belt and then enters into a rising conveying section of the secondary conveyer belt, flows through a sliding section at the upper of the secondary conveyer belt, and then enters into the coal flow pressing device.
Further preferably, the top surface of the primary conveyer belt and the top surface of the bottom end of the secondary conveyer belt are lower than the end faces of the coal shoveling passage.
Preferably, the coal shoveling device includes a coal shoveling driver, a coal shoveling control system, a coal accumulating bucket and a coal shoveling baffle, wherein the coal shoveling driver, the coal shoveling control system and the coal accumulating bucket are sequentially fixedly connected and arranged in the coal shoveling passage arranged in the base, the coal shoveling baffle is slidably installed in a slot in the end of a support transposition inlet arranged in the base, and the support • 6 • transposition inlet is located at the side of the coal shoveling passage; wherein the coal shoveling driver includes a driving motor and a gear transmission mechanism, the coal shoveling control system includes an industrial PC, lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket, travelling wheels, and a pushing oil cylinder, the pushing oil cylinder and the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket are respectively connected to the coal accumulating bucket, the travelling wheels are connected to the driving motor via the gear transmission mechanism, and the driving motor, the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket, and the pushing oil cylinder are respectively connected to the industrial PC. An advantage of this design is: when coal and gangue materials are to be collected, the coal shoveling baffle slides to block the support transposition inlet, the main support adjusting and placement plate slides along the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway to push the coal to the coal shoveling passage, and the coal shoveling driver operates and the coal shoveling control system controls the coal accumulating bucket to push the coal along the coal shoveling passage to the primary conveyer belt.
Preferably, the top coal caving hydraulic support working group includes a hydraulic support movement base, a top coal caving hydraulic support, a secondary top-coal caving support group movement base, lateral baffle slideways of top coal caving support, primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, secondary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, a primary back baffle of top coal caving support, and a secondary back baffle of top coal caving support; the hydraulic support movement base is slidably installed in the top coal caving support working group storage slideway, the secondary top coal caving support group movement base is slidably installed in a slot in the top end of the hydraulic support movement base, and three parallel slideways are arranged in the secondary top coal caving support group movement base, wherein the primary back baffle of top coal caving support is slidably installed in the middle slideway, the secondary back baffle of top coal caving support is slidably installed on the top end of the primary back baffle of top coal caving support, the lateral baffle slideways of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the slideways on the two sides, the primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the lateral baffle slideways of top coal caving support, and the secondary lateral baffles of top coal caving support are slidably installed on the top ends of the primary lateral baffles of top-coal caving support; the top-coal caving hydraulic support is located at one end of the three parallel slideways, and is clamped and fixed in position by means of the primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, the secondary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, the primary back baffle of top coal caving support, and the secondary back baffle of top coal caving support.
The present invention attains the following beneficial effects:
1. With the coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving provided by the present invention, experiments on vibration plate and real tail beam can be carried out by simulating single-particle, multi-particle, and group-particle coal gangue impact; besides, actual top coal caving can be simulated, and, with real hydraulic support groups, real coal caving signals can be simulated within a small scope; thus top coal caving test data can be obtained effectively, and a scientific basis can be provided for coal gangue interface recognition for top coal caving.
2. The coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving provided by the present invention can meet different test requirements and adapt to different test conditions. Vibration . 7 .
signals can be extracted by installing vibration sensor, speed sensor, and acceleration sensor, and video images and pictures can be captured by means of the high-speed camera for comparative analysis. That is to say, the coal gangue interface recognition test system for top-coal caving has high extensibility.
3. The coal gangue particle impact vibration test device in the coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving provided by the present invention is in a single-particle and multi particle integrated design, the multi-particle and group-particle test units are arranged in a vertically stacked form, and the tests can be carried out alternatively without any mutual disturbance; thus a space saving effect is attained; single-particle, multi-particle, and group particle coal caving openings may be arranged at any position at a specific level, and the control is accurate and convenient.
4. The coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device in the coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving provided by the present invention can simulate coal caving processes at different coal caving speeds under different mining pressure behaviors, and may be applied as different pressure loading devices in other aspects.
5. The coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving provided by the present invention is ingenious in structural design and implemented in a full automated form, and can simulate the working principle of coal-gangue interface in different top-coal caving operations according to different test conditions and test requirements. The coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving is insusceptible to external environment disturbances, has high test feasibility, doesn't require manual manipulation, can achieve an accurate and low error experiment process, and has great value in wide application.
IV. Brief Description of Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test stand in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-particle coal caving device in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a partial view of the coal caving device in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a bottom perspective view of the coal caving device in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a top perspective view of the coal caving device in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the group-particle coal caving device in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the coal caving assembly of the multi-particle coal caving device in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the multi-particle coal caving plate assembly;
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the supporting base assembly in the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the vibration stand device in the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the planar plate vibration stand;
• 8 •
Fig. 12 is an installation diagram of the planar plate vibration stand;
Fig. 13 is an installation diagram of the planar vibration plate at an inclination angle;
Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly at a different angle;
Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly at a different angle;
Fig. 17 is a sectional perspective view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 18 is a semi-sectional view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 19 is a partial assembly view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 20 is a partial sectional view of the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 21 is a structural diagram of the box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 22 is a structural diagram of the single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly;
Fig. 23 is a schematic installation diagram of the top coal caving hydraulic support working group in the test system;
Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the top coal caving hydraulic support working group in the test system;
Fig. 25 is a perspective view of the coal flow-simulated caving device in the test system in the present invention;
Fig. 26 is a perspective view of the coal gangue conveying device in the test system;
Fig. 27 is a perspective view of the simulated mining pressure loading device in the test system;
Fig. 28 is a bottom perspective view of the simulated mining pressure loading device in the test system;
Fig. 29 is a perspective assembly diagram of the coal flow pressing device in the test system;
Fig. 30 is an enlarged view of the coal flow pressing device in the test system;
Fig. 31 is a perspective view of the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device in the test system;
Fig. 32 is a sectional view of the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device in the test system;
Fig. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of the coal shoveling device in the test system;
Fig. 34 is a perspective enlarged view of the coal shoveling device in the test system.
In the figures: 1 - base; 2 - coal caving device; 3 - vibration stand device; 4 - coal flow-simulated caving device; 5 - top coal caving hydraulic support working group; 6 - second telescopic extension
. 9 .
rod; 7 - first telescopic extension rod; 8 - connecting pin shaft; 9 - slide block; 10 - reinforcing rib; 11 - first lifting board; 12 - first lifting board fixing bolt; 13 - multi-particle coal caving stand; 14 - coal gangue particle storage box; 15 - manipulator sliding base; 16 - four-degree-of-freedom manipulator; 17 - transverse slide block; 18 - transverse slide rod; 19 - longitudinal slide block; 20 - longitudinal slide rod; 21 - coal caving plate assembly; 22 - two-way slidably connecting block; 23 - lifting guide post; 24 - first lifting board carrier plate; 25 - coal caving box combination plate; 26 - ball-head hydraulic rod; 27 - ball-head hydraulic cylinder body; 28 - coal caving box connecting table; 29 sliding chassis; 30 - anti-shake press bar; 31 - anti-shake press bar loader; 32 - toothed mesh anti-skid rod; 33 - toothed mesh anti-skid rod connecting cylinder; 34 - double-slot fixed connecting block; 35 - lifting guide post fixing bolt; 36 - high-speed camera; 37 - second lifting rod of high-speed camera; 38 - first lifting rod of high-speed camera; 39 - vibration stand movement base or hydraulic support movement base; 40 - secondary vibration stand movement base; 41 - vibration stand support sliding slot; 42 - first vibration stand lifting support; 43 - second vibration stand lifting support; 44 - third vibration stand lifting support; 45 - planar vibration plate; 46 - planar vibration plate fixing nut; 47 planar vibration plate fixing rod; 48 - box-type vibration plate fixing rod; 49 - box-type vibration plate; 50 - main material collection box; 51 - first lateral material collection baffle; 52 - second lateral material collection baffle; 53 - third lateral material collection baffle; 54 - first telescopic rod of hill shaped material collection plate; 55 - first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate; 56 second inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate; 57 - telescopic baffle of main material collection box; 59 - hill-shaped material collection plate; 60 - second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate; 61 - hill-shaped telescopic plate; 62 - box-type oil cylinder connecting plate; 63 - box-type oil cylinder connecting plate fixing pin shaft; 64 - vibration oil cylinder rod; 65 - middle vibration oil cylinder; 66 - outer vibration oil cylinder; 67 - outer vibration oil cylinder fixing pin shaft; 68 - vibration oil cylinder supporting block; 69 - secondary movement base of single top coal caving support; 70 - top coal caving hydraulic support; 71-secondary movement base of top coal caving support group; 72 - lateral baffle slideway of top coal caving support; 73 - primary lateral baffle of top coal caving support; 74 - secondary lateral baffle of top coal caving support; 75 - primary back baffle of top coal caving support; 76 - secondary back baffle of top coal caving support; 77 primary conveyer belt; 78 - secondary conveyer belt; 79 - lateral baffle of conveyer belt; 80 - inner lateral baffle of conveyer belt; 81 - tiled small baffle of conveyer belt; 82 - longitudinal small baffle of conveyer belt; 83 - support column; 84 - sliding clamp plate; 85 - fixed single-slot plate; 86 sliding slot plate; 87 - single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder; 88 - single-cylinder pressurization tank rod; 89 - single-cylinder pressurization plate; 90 - multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder; 91 - separate pressurization rod; 92 - separate pressurization plate; 93 - second sliding clamp plate; 94 - second fixed sliding slot plate; 95 - transverse movement detaining slide rod; 96 - longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod; 97 - second main pressing plate; 98 - main detaining plate; 99 - detaining distribution plate; 100 - stepped diffused distribution plate; 101 - high-speed camera assembly slideway; 102 - support assembly slideway; 103 - vibration stand device slideway; 104 vibration stand device storage slideway; 105 - top coal caving support working group storage slideway; 106 - coal shoveling passage; 107 - support column slideway; 108 - hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway; 109 - support group exit slideway; 110 - support transposition inlet; 111 - support translation slideway; 112 - coal gangue conveying device placement slideway; 113 - main support adjusting and placement plate; 114 - sliding belt conveyer; 115 - first lifting rod of support pushing manipulator; 116 - second lifting rod of support pushing manipulator; • 10•
117- first pushing rod of support pushing manipulator; 118- second pushing rod of support pushing manipulator; 119 - two-way pushing block; 120 - sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder; 121 - first lifting rod of support blocking manipulator; 122 - second lifting rod of support blocking manipulator; 123 - third lifting rod of support blocking manipulator; 124 - first pushing rod of support blocking manipulator; 125 - second pushing rod of support blocking manipulator; 126 - two-way stop block; 127 - support placement plate; 128 - coal shoveling driver; 129 - coal shoveling control system; 130 - coal accumulating bucket; 131 - coal shoveling baffle;
201 - multi-particle coal caving assembly; 202 - group particle coal caving assembly; 203 - lifting guide post; 204 - multi-particle coal caving device supporting base assembly; 205 - high-speed camera assembly;
2101 - coal caving plate; 2102 - coal gangue particle transverse baffle; 2103 - coal gangue particle longitudinal baffle; 2104 - coal gangue particle bottom baffle;
301 - planar plate vibration stand assembly; 302 - box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly; 303 - box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly; 304 - single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly;
11301 - support placement plate clamp slot; 11302 - secondary movement base through-slot of top coal caving support group; 11303 - hydraulic support positioning slot; 11304 - support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot;
401 - coal gangue conveying device; 402 - simulated mining pressure loading device; 403 - coal flow pressing device; 404 - hydraulic support adjusting and placement device; 405 - coal shoveling device.
V. Detailed Description of the Drawing and Preferred Embodiments
Hereunder the present invention will be detailed in embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
As shown in Fig. 1, a coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving, including a base 1, and a coal gangue particle impact vibration test device and a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device that are arranged on the base 1;
wherein the coal gangue particle impact vibration test device includes a vibration stand device 3, a support assembly, a coal caving device 2 and a high-speed camera assembly 205, wherein the vibration stand device 3 is arranged at the bottom of the support assembly, the coal caving device 2 is arranged on the support assembly and above the vibration stand device 3, and the high-speed camera assembly 205 is arranged on one side of the support assembly side by side with the vibration stand device 3; the coal gangue particles are released to the vibration stand device 3 through the coal caving device 2, and information of instantaneous image of the coal gangue particles falling on the vibration stand device 3 is acquired by means of the high-speed camera assembly 205;
the coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device includes a coal flow-simulated caving device 4, a coal gangue conveying device 401, a coal shoveling device 405, and a plurality of top coal caving hydraulic support working groups 5; the plurality of top coal caving hydraulic support working
• 11 • groups 5 are arranged side by side in a top coal caving support working group storage slideway 105 arranged in the base 1; the coal flow-simulated caving device 4 includes a simulated mining pressure loading device 402, a coal flow pressing device 403 and a hydraulic support adjusting and placement device 404, which are arranged from top to bottom; the coal shoveling device 405 is arranged at one side of the coal flow-simulated caving device 4 for pushing the tested coal gangue particles to the coal gangue conveying device 401; the coal gangue conveying device 401 is arranged at one end of the coal flow-simulated caving device 4 for conveying the coal gangue particles onto the coal flow simulated caving device 4, so that a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test is carried out subsequently to the top coal caving hydraulic support working groups 5 with the simulated mining pressure loading device 402 and the coal flow pressing device 403.
Specifically, the base 1 is a planar steel plate provided with multiple sliding slots thereon, the multiple sliding slots including vibration stand device slideway 103, vibration stand device storage slideway 104, top coal caving support working group storage slideway 105, coal shoveling passage 106, support column slideway 107, hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108, support group exit slideway 109, support transposition inlet 110, support translation slideway 111, and coal gangue conveying device placement slideway 112, and the arrangement of the multiple sliding slots is shown in Fig. 33; the vibration stand device 3 and the high-speed camera assembly 205 are arranged in sliding slots, the vibration stand device 3 may be moved and adjusted in the sliding slots so that the vibration stand device 3 is located right below the coal caving device 2, the position of the high-speed camera assembly 205 may be adjusted by means of the sliding slots so that the high-speed camera assembly 205 is arranged side by side with the vibration stand device, to facilitate the high-speed camera to capture an instantaneous image at the moment the coal gangue impacts the vibration stand device.
The support assembly includes a supporting base assembly and a lifting mechanism installed on the supporting base assembly, wherein the supporting base assembly is arranged in a support assembly slideway 102 arranged in the base 1, the lifting mechanism includes lifting guide posts 203 arranged vertically at the four corners of the supporting base assembly, and the coal caving device 2 is connected on the four lifting guide posts 203. The supporting base assembly includes a sliding chassis 29 installed in the support assembly slideway 102 of the base 1 via a sliding block slideway arranged at the bottom end of the sliding chassis 29, toothed mesh anti-skid rod connecting cylinders 33 are installed on the bottom surface at the four corners of the sliding chassis 29, toothed mesh anti-skid rods 32 are installed in the toothed mesh anti-skid rod connecting cylinders 33; after the position of the sliding chassis 29 in the test device is determined, the toothed mesh anti-skid rods 32 extend downward till the anti-skid teeth on the surface press the top surface of the base 1, so as to secure the sliding chassis 29 and prevent the sliding chassis 29 from vibrating and skidding. Anti-shake press bar loaders 31 and anti-shake press bars 30 are arranged at one side of the top surface of the sliding chassis 29, the anti-shake press bar loaders 30 are installed in grooves arranged in the sliding chassis 29 (grooves are arranged in the top surface of the sliding chassis 29 on three sides, and a plurality of anti-shake press bar loaders 30 may be installed in each groove); in this example, three anti-shake press bar loaders 31 are installed in the groove on one side, the anti-shake press bars 30 on the anti shake press bar loaders 31 are configured to press the vibration stand device 3 to improve the stability of the vibration stand device 3. The bottom ends of the lifting guide posts 203 are installed at the four corners of the sliding chassis 29 by lifting guide post fixing bolts 35, and the stability of the lifting • 12 • guide posts are improved by means of double-groove fixed connecting blocks 34 at the bottom corner; a slot corresponding to the support assembly slideway 102 is arranged in the sliding chassis 29 to facilitate sliding the vibration stand device 3 to the slot subsequently.
The coal caving device 2 includes a multi-particle coal caving assembly, which includes a first lifting board 11, a multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and a coal caving plate assembly 21, wherein the first lifting board 11 is fixed to a first lifting board carrier plate 24 by first lifting board fixing bolts 12, the first lifting board carrier plate 24 is mounted on slide blocks 9, the slide blocks 9 are fitted and installed on the lifting guide posts 203, the multi-particle coal caving stand 13 is welded to the first lifting board 11, and the multi-particle coal caving stand 13 and the first lifting board 11 are provided with coal falling openings corresponding to each other; the coal caving plate assembly 21 is located in the coal falling opening arranged in the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and includes a coal caving plate 2101, two-way slidably connecting blocks 22 are arranged at the four comers of the bottom of the coal caving plate 2101, a transverse slide rod 18 and a longitudinal slide rod 20 penetrate through the two-way slidably connecting blocks 22, the ends of the transverse slide rod 18 and the longitudinal slide rod 20 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the coal falling opening of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13 via a transverse slide block 17 and a longitudinal slide block 19 respectively, and the horizontal position of the coal caving plate 2101 in the coal falling opening is adjusted by controlling the transverse slide block 17 and the longitudinal slide block 19 to slide along transverse and longitudinal side slots of the coal falling opening of the multi-particle coal caving stand. The transverse slide block 17 is slidably installed in a transverse side slot in the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and the transverse slide rod 18 is fixedly installed in an upper hole in the transverse slide block 17; the longitudinal slide block 19 is slidably installed in a longitudinal side slot in the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and the longitudinal slide rod 20 is fixedly installed in a lower hole in the longitudinal slide block 19; the multi-particle coal caving assembly 201 is provided with four two-way slidably connecting blocks 22, two sets of transverse slide blocks 17, two sets of transverse slide rods 18, two sets of longitudinal slide blocks 19, and two sets of longitudinal slide rods 20. The transverse slide rods 18 and the longitudinal slide rods 20 respectively pass through the transverse holes and longitudinal holes in the two-way slidably connecting blocks 22 and can slide in relative directions; the coal caving plate assembly 21 is fixedly connected to the two-way slidably connecting blocks 22 via the coal caving plate 2101. The position of the coal caving plate assembly 21 on the central part of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13 (i.e., the position among the four sets of lifting guide posts 23) can be changed by controlling the transverse slide blocks 17 and the longitudinal slide blocks 19 to slide along the transverse and longitudinal side slots of the multi particle coal caving stand 13.
The coal caving plate 2101 is provided with 7 sets of coal gangue particle caving openings in the transverse direction and 7 sets of coal gangue particle caving openings in the longitudinal direction, altogether 49 sets of coal gangue particle caving openings, each of which includes two sets of coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104, coal gangue particle transverse baffles 2102, and coal gangue particle longitudinal baffles 2103, wherein the coal gangue particle transverse baffles 2102, the coal gangue particle longitudinal baffles 2103, and the coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104 are respectively slidably installed in the transverse slots, longitudinal slots, and bottom sliding slots of each coal caving opening of coal caving plate 2101; the width of the coal gangue particle transverse baffles 2102 is equal to the width of the coal caving opening in the transverse direction, and the width • 13 • of the coal gangue particle longitudinal baffles 2103 is slightly smaller than the minimum length or diameter of coal gangue particles in the test; different particles are placed in the coal caving openings through cooperation between the coal gangue particle transverse baffles 2102 and the coal gangue particle longitudinal baffles 2103. Before the test is commenced, the two sets of opposite coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104 are closed, and the coal gangue particles are placed on the coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104; in the test, the coal caving opening is opened quickly by means of electric control, so that the coal gangue particles fall freely without initial velocity. In the test, single particle caving can be realized, i.e., a single particle can be released to fall at different positions by selecting and controlling different coal caving openings; multi-particle caving can also be realized, i.e., multi-particle caving test can be carried out by selecting different numbers of coal caving openings at different positions among the 49 sets of coal caving openings and controlling them to open/close and placing particles in different sizes at different coal caving openings.
The coal caving device further includes a group particle coal caving assembly 202, which includes coal caving box combination plates 25 and ball-head hydraulic cylinders, the ball-head hydraulic cylinder includes a ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27 and a ball-head hydraulic rod 26 hinged to a coal caving box connecting table 28 arranged around the coal caving box combination plates; the bottom of the slide block is provided with a first telescopic extension rod 7 and a second telescopic extension rod 6 that are connected with each other, and the second telescopic extension rod 6 is connected to the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27. The coal caving box combination plate 25 can be lifted and lowered by means of the first telescopic extension rod 7 and the second telescopic extension rod 6, to meet different requirements of group-particle vibration test. The ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27 is ball-socket jointed to a socket of the second telescopic extension rod 6 of the multi-particle coal caving device lifting mechanism 203 via a ball head on the tail part of the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27, and the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27 can be controlled to rotate around the socket of the second telescopic extension rod 6 in any direction under electric control; the ball-head hydraulic rod 26 is arranged in the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27, and is driven by hydraulic oil to telescope in the axial direction of the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27; the ball head on the front end of the ball-head hydraulic rod 26 is ball-socket jointed to a socket of the coal caving box connecting table 28, and the ball-head hydraulic rod 26 can rotate in any direction in relation to the coal caving box connecting table 28 under electric control; the coal caving box connecting table 28 is welded to the coal caving box combination plates 25; four sets of coal caving box combination plates 25 in different directions can move freely via corresponding ball-head hydraulic rods 26 and ball-head hydraulic cylinder bodies 27, so that they are combined into a complete coal caving box automatically according to given positions;
The high-speed camera assembly 205 includes a high-speed camera 36, a second lifting rod 37 of high-speed camera, and a first lifting rod 38of high-speed camera, wherein the first lifting rod 38 of high-speed camera is slidably installed in a high-speed camera assembly slideway 101 in the base 1, the second lifting rod 37of high-speed camera is movably installed in the first lifting rod 38 of high speed camera, the high-speed camera 36 is arranged on the top end face of the second lifting rod 37 of high-speed camera, the spatial position of the high-speed camera 36 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the first lifting rod 38 of high-speed camera in the high-speed camera assembly slideway 101 and the elevation of the second lifting rod 37 of high-speed camera in the first lifting rod 38 of high-speed camera, so that the high-speed camera 36 can keep track of and capture the • 14• vibration phenomenon when the coal gangue particles impact the vibration plate or the tail beam of the hydraulic support.
The vibration stand device includes a planar plate vibration stand assembly 301, which includes a vibration stand movement base 39, a secondary vibration stand movement base 40, vibration stand support sliding slot 41, first vibration stand lifting supports 42, second vibration stand lifting supports 43, third vibration stand lifting supports 44, a planar vibration plate 45, planar vibration plate fixing nuts 46, and planar vibration plate fixing rods 47. The bottom end of the vibration stand (support) movement base 39 is slidably installed in a vibration stand device storage slideway 104, the bottom end of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40 is slidably installed in a sliding slot in the vibration stand movement base 39, the vibration stand support sliding slots 41 are slidably installed in four sliding slots in the top end of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40, the bottom end of the first vibration stand lifting support 42 are slidably installed in the corresponding vibration stand support sliding slots 41, the second vibration stand lifting support 43 is installed in a square hole in the first vibration stand lifting support 42, the third vibration stand lifting support 44 is installed in a square hole in the second vibration stand lifting support 43, the planar vibration plate is fixedly connected to a hole in the top ends of the third vibration stand lifting supports 44 by the planar vibration plate fixing nuts 46 and the planar vibration plate fixing rods 47. The positions of the connecting holes of the four third vibration stand lifting supports 44 may be adjusted by moving the vibration stand support sliding slot 41 in the sliding slots of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40 and sliding the first vibration stand lifting supports 42 in the vibration stand support sliding slots 41 in the left-right direction, so as to adapt to planar vibration plates 45 in different sizes. The elevations of the top end faces of two opposite sets of third vibration stand lifting supports 44 may be adjusted to be different to each other so as to adapt to planar vibration plates 45 in different angles by adjusting the relative positions of the third vibration stand lifting supports 44, the second vibration stand lifting supports 43, and the first vibration stand lifting supports 42.
The simulated mining pressure loading device 402 includes support columns 83, a sliding clamp plate 84, a fixed single-slot plate 85, a sliding slot plate 86, a single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87, a single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88, a single-cylinder pressurization plate 89, a multi cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90, a separate pressurization rod 91, and a separate pressurization plate 92; the simulated mining pressure loading device 402 is slidably installed in support column slideways 107 via the bottom ends of the support columns 83, and the spacing between the two support columns 83 is changed by sliding the two support columns 83 in the support column slideways 107, so that the transverse dimension of the simulated mining pressure loading device 402 is changed; the sliding clamp plate 84 is slidably installed in the support columns 83 and can slide up and down along the support columns 83; a fixed single-slot plate 85 is fixed on the sliding clamp plate 84 and provided with a side slot in the inner side, and a sliding slot plate 86 is slidably installed in the side slot of the fixed single-slot plate 85; the fixed single-slot plate 85, the sliding slot plate 86, the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87, and the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 jointly form a uniform loading group, wherein the top end of the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87 is slidably installed in a slot in the bottom end of the sliding slot plate 86, the bottom end of the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87 is provided with a square slot, the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 is slidably installed in the square slot in the bottom end of the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87, the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 • 15 • is welded to an end face of the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88, the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 is driven by hydraulic oil to move along the square slot in the bottom end of the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87 and the loading pressure is controlled by controlling the pressure of the hydraulic oil to simulate uniform pressure loading, so that the single cylinder pressurization plate 89 presses the top surfaces of the coal gangue particles in the coal flow pressing device 403; the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90 is slidably installed in the slots in the bottom ends of another set of sliding slot plates 86, the bottom end of the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90 is provided with small square slots, the separate pressurization rods 91 are slidably installed in the small square slots in the bottom end of the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90, the separate pressurization plates 92 are welded to the end faces of the separate pressurization rods 91, and a tiny gap is reserved between the separate pressurization plates 92; the separate pressurization rods 91 are driven by hydraulic oil to move along the square slots in the bottom end of the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90 and the loading pressure is controlled by controlling the pressure of the hydraulic oil, so that loading at the same pressure can be realized with different separate pressurization plates 92, or loading at a different pressure can be realized with each separate pressurization plate 92, so as to simulate the top coal layer and rock layer of top coal caving in different mining pressure or thickness; besides, different numbers of separate pressurization rods 91 may be controlled to drive the separate pressurization plates 92 to act, so as to adapt to coal gangue storage boxes of the coal flow pressing device 403 in different sizes.
The coal flow pressing device 403 includes a second sliding clamp plate 93, a second fixed sliding slot plate 94, a transverse movement detaining slide rod 95, a longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96, a second main pressing plate 97, main detaining plates 98, detaining distribution plates 99, and stepped diffused distribution plates 100, wherein the second sliding clamp plate 93 is slidably installed in the support columns 83 and can slide up and down along the support columns 83; the second fixed sliding slot plate 94 is fixed on the sliding clamp plate 84 and provided with a side slot in its inner side, and the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96 is slidably installed in the side slot of the second fixed sliding slot plate 94; the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96 is provided with two longitudinal sliding slots, and the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95 is slidably installed in the longitudinal sliding slots of the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96; the top end of the main detaining plate 98 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96 and is provided with a groove in its inner side, and the second main pressing plate 97 is slidably installed in the groove of the main detaining plate 98; by controlling the positions of two opposite sets of second main pressing plates 97 in the main detaining plate 98, the second main pressing plates 97 can adapt to the tail beam of the hydraulic support and are in fit with the tail beam; the top end of the detaining distribution plate 99 is slidably installed in a slot in the bottom end of the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95, the stepped diffused distribution plate 100 is slidably installed in a slot in the bottom end of the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95; for a tail beam in different length and width, after two second main pressing plates 97 are in fit with the tail beam, the control system automatically controls the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95 to slide along the longitudinal sliding slot in the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96 to the tail part of the longitudinal sliding slot, automatically calculates the number of detaining distribution plates 99 required for forming the box, and controls the detaining distribution plates 99 in close
• 16• proximity to each other, sliding along the slot in the bottom end of the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95 into the two end faces of two main detaining plates 98, and then controls the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95 to slide in the longitudinal sliding slot of the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96 to a specified position (desired width of the coal gangue storage box formed by the coal flow pressing device 403); then the control system controls the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 in the slots of the detaining distribution plates 99 to slide downward along the slots to a position where they contact with the tail beam of the hydraulic support; now, the second main pressing plate 97, the main detaining plates 98, the detaining distribution plates 99, and the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 form the coal gangue storage box of the coal flow pressing device 403.
The hydraulic support adjusting and placement device 404 includes a main support adjusting and placement plate 113, a sliding belt conveyer 114, a first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator, a second lifting rod 116 of support pushing manipulator, a first pushing rod 117 of support pushing manipulator, a secondpushing rod 118 of supportpushing manipulator, a two-way pushing block 119, a sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder 120, a first lifting rod 121 of support blocking manipulator, a second lifting rod 122 of support blocking manipulator, a third lifting rod 123 of support blocking manipulator, a first pushing rod 124 of support blocking manipulator, a second pushing rod 125 of support blocking manipulator, a two-way stop block 126, and a support placement plate 127. Wherein, a support placement plate clamp slot 11301, a secondary movement base through-slot 11302 of top coal caving support group, a hydraulic support positioning slot 11303, and a support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot 11304 are arranged in the top end face of the main support adjusting and placement plate 113, and the bottom end of the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 is slidably installed in the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108; the sliding belt conveyer 114 and the support placement plate 127 are respectively slidably installed in the support placement plate clamp slot 11301 of the main support adjusting and placement plate 113, the sliding belt conveyer 114 and the support placement plate 127 are connected via the sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder 120, the first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator is slidably installed in a side slot in the rear end of the sliding belt conveyer 114, the second lifting rod 116 of support pushing manipulator is slidably installed in the first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator, the first pushing rod 117 of support pushing manipulator is slidably installed in the second lifting rod 116 of support pushing manipulator, the second pushing rod 118 of support pushing manipulator is slidably installed in the first pushing rod 117 of support pushing manipulator, and the two-way pushing block 119 is welded to the end face of the second pushing rod 118 of support pushing manipulator; the first lifting rod 121 of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot 11304 of the main support adjusting and placement plate 113, the second lifting rod 122 of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the first lifting rod 121 of support blocking manipulator, the third lifting rod 123 of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the second lifting rod 122 of support blocking manipulator, the first pushing rod 124 of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the third lifting rod 123 of support blocking manipulator, the second pushing rod 125 of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the first pushing rod 124 of support blocking manipulator, and the two-way stop block 126 is welded to the end face of the second pushing rod 125 of support blocking manipulator. In this example, four support blocking manipulators are slidably installed side by side
• 17 • in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot 11304 on one side of the support placement plate 127 to facilitate the position adjustment of the hydraulic support.
The coal gangue conveying device 401 includes a primary conveyer belt 77, a secondary conveyer belt 78, a lateral baffle 79 of conveyer belt, inner lateral baffles 80 of conveyer belt, tiled small baffles 81 of conveyer belt, and longitudinal small baffles 82 of conveyer belt, wherein the primary conveyer belt 77 is installed in a coal gangue conveying device placement slideway 112, and the length of the primary conveyer belt 77 is variable; the tail end of the secondary conveyer belt 78 is installed in the coal gangue conveying device placement slideway 112 and is connected with the tail end of the primary conveyer belt 77, and the top end face of the primary conveyer belt 77 and the top end face of the tail end of the secondary conveyer belt 78 are slightly lower than the end face of the coal shoveling passage 106; the lateral baffles 79 of conveyer belt and the inner lateral baffles 80 of conveyer belt are respectively installed on the two sides of the secondary conveyer belt 78 and attain a coal blocking effect in the conveying process; the tiled small baffles 81 of conveyer belt are connected with the sides of the primary conveyer belt 77 and the sides of the secondary conveyer belt 78 respectively, the longitudinal small baffles 82 of conveyer belt are slidably installed on the top end faces of the tiled small baffles 81 of conveyer belt, the longitudinal small baffles 82 of conveyer belt and the tiled small baffles 81 of conveyer belt jointly form coal gangue blocking devices at the transitional contact position between the two conveyer belts; the coal gangue pushed from the coal shoveling passage 106 to the primary conveyer belt 77 is conveyed to the tail end of the secondary conveyer belt 78, then enters into a rising conveyor section of the secondary conveyer belt 78, flows through an upper sliding section of the secondary conveyer belt 78, and then enters into the coal flow pressing device 403.
The coal shoveling device 405 includes a coal shoveling driver 128, a coal shoveling control system 129, a coal accumulating bucket 130, and a coal shoveling baffle 131, wherein the coal shoveling driver 128, the coal shoveling control system 129, and the coal accumulating bucket 130 are fixedly connected sequentially and arranged in the coal shoveling passage 106, and the coal shoveling baffle 131 is slidably installed in a slot in the tail end of a support transposition inlet 110. When coal and gangue materials are to be collected, the coal shoveling baffle 131 slides to block the support transposition inlet 110, the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 slides along the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108 to push the coal to the coal shoveling passage 106, and the coal shoveling driver 128 operates and the coal shoveling control system 129 controls the coal accumulating bucket 130 to push the coal along the coal shoveling passage 106 to the primary conveyer belt 77. Wherein the coal shoveling driver 128 includes a driving motor and a gear transmission mechanism, the coal shoveling control system 129 includes an industrial PC, lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket, travelling wheels, and a pushing oil cylinder, the pushing oil cylinder and the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket are respectively connected to the coal accumulating bucket 130, the travelling wheels are connected to the driving motor via the gear transmission mechanism, and the driving motor, the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket, and the pushing oil cylinder are respectively connected to the industrial PC. The industrial PC controls the rotation speed of the driving motor, controls the overall movement of the device, and adjusts the position and dimensions of the coal accumulating bucket, etc.; controls the coal shoveling device to move linearly and prevents impact friction with the coal shoveling passage owing to deviation of the coal shoveling device in the process • 18 • of contact with the coal under stress; and controls the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket to provide protection in the lateral directions and longitudinal direction when there is a large quantity of coal in the coal accumulating bucket, prevents excessive coal height in the coal accumulating bucket and prevents coal blocks from flying over the two sides of the coal shoveling passage or flying rearwards over the rear side of the coal accumulating bucket due to the throwing action caused by colliding and squeezing among some coals, which may affect the normal operation of the equipment; an advantage of pushing the coal accumulating bucket to advance by means of the connection between the pushing oil cylinder and the coal accumulating bucket is that a buffering and gradual force application effect (hydraulic driving has certain buffering and compression property) is attained as the coal accumulating bucket is gradually filled with coal from an empty state and finally the coal in the coal shoveling passage is pushed to move forward, so that the coal shoveling device is protected against damage incurred by rigid contact; a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant coal shoveling passage cleaning ramp is arranged at the front end face of the coal accumulating bucket, thus fine scraps falling into the coal shoveling passage, such as coal chips and powder, etc., are pushed to move forward in one-off operation under tight abutting, friction, and squeezing actions between the coal shoveling passage cleaning ramp and the bottom surface of the coal shoveling passage, so as to keep the coal shoveling passage clean to the benefit of the normal operation and service life of the equipment.
The top coal caving hydraulic support working group 5 includes a hydraulic support movement base 39, top coal caving hydraulic supports 70, a secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group, lateral baffle slideways 72 of top coal caving support, primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support, secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support, a primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support, and a secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support, wherein the hydraulic support movement base 39 is slidably installed in a top coal caving support working group storage slideway 105, the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group is slidably installed in a slot in the hydraulic support movement base 39, the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group has three slideways, the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support is slidably installed in the middle slideway of the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group, and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support is slidably installed in the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support; the lateral baffle slideways 72 of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the slideways on the two sides of the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group, the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the lateral baffle slideways 72 of top coal caving support, and the secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support. By changing the positions of the lateral baffle slideways 72 of top coal caving support and the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support in the slideways of the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group , the positions of the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support in the lateral baffle slideways 72 of top coal caving support, and the positions of the secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support in the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support, adaptation to hydraulic supports different in length, width and height and positioning of the hydraulic supports can be realized. When the hydraulic supports are conveyed onto the coal flow-simulated caving device 4, the supports are transferred by
• 19 • means of a side fixing mechanism formed by the lateral baffle slideways 72 of top coal caving support, the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support, the secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support and a pushing mechanism formed by the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support.
The coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving provided by the present invention is designed with two major parts, i.e., a coal gangue particle impact vibration test device and a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device, and can be used to perform experiments on vibration plate and real tail beam by simulating single-particle, multi-particle and group-particle coal gangue impact, and can simulate actual top coal caving. Thus, the coal gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving can simulate different working principles of coal gangue interface recognition for top coal caving, and is convenient and practical.
Example 2:
A coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving having the structure as described in example 1, with the following differences: a coal gangue particle storage box 14 is installed on a side of the first lifting board 11, a four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 is arranged on a side of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 is installed in sliding slots in the top surface of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13 via a manipulator sliding base 15, so that the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 can rotate within 3600 range spatially; the four degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 is adjacent to the coal gangue particle storage box 14. Subsequently, the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 grabs the coal gangue particles in the coal gangue particle storage box 14 and places them to corresponding coal gangue particle caving openings.
Example 3:
A coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving having the structure as described in example 1, with the following differences: the vibration stand device further includes a box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly 302, which includes a vibration stand movement base 39, a secondary vibration stand movement base 40, vibration stand support sliding slots 41, a first vibration stand lifting support 42, a second vibration stand lifting support 43, a third vibration stand lifting support 44, box-type vibration plate fixing rods 48, a box-type vibration plate 49, and a vibration stand material recycling device 58. Wherein, the vibration stand material recycling device 58 includes a main material collection box 50, a first lateral material collection baffle 51, a second lateral material collection baffle 52, a third lateral material collection baffle 53, a first telescopic rod 54 of hill-shaped material collection plate, a first inner baffle 55 of hill-shaped material collection plate, a second inner baffle 56 of hill-shaped material collection plate, a telescopic baffle 57 of main material collection box, a hill-shaped material collection plate 59, a second telescopic rod 60 of hill shaped material collection plate, and a hill-shaped telescopic plate 61. Hinge holes of the box-type vibration plate 49 are respectively hinged with side holes of the third vibration stand lifting support 44 via the box-type vibration plate fixing rods 48, and the components of the vibration stand material recycling device 58 surround the box-type vibration plate 49; wherein lower end blocks of the main material collection box 50 are slidably arranged in longitudinal sliding slots of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40, and the internal baffles of the main material collection box 50 are connected
• 20• with the edges of the box-type vibration plate 49, to prevent particle leakage from the material collection device; the bottom end face of the telescopic baffle 57 of main material collection box is slidably embedded in a slot in the bottom end of the main material collection box 50, and the main material collection box 50 and the telescopic baffle 57 of main material collection box jointly form a main material collection reservoir (the size of the reservoir may be adjusted by the telescopic movement of the main material collection box 50 and the telescopic baffle 57 of main material collection box relative to each other); the first lateral material collection baffle 51, the second lateral material collection baffle 52, the third lateral material collection baffle 53, the first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate 54, the first inner baffle 55 of hill-shaped material collection plate, the second inner baffle 56 of hill-shaped material collection plate, the telescopic baffle of main material collection box 57, the hill-shaped material collection plate 59, the second telescopic rod 60 of hill-shaped material collection plate, and the hill-shaped telescopic plate 61 jointly form side blocking reservoirs for material collection, wherein the first telescopic rod 54 of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably arranged in a transverse sliding slot of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40, the second telescopic rod 60 of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably installed in the first telescopic rod 54 of hill-shaped material collection plate, the hill-shaped material collection plate 59 is welded to the top end face of the second telescopic rod 60 of hill-shaped material collection plate; two sets of hill-shaped telescopic plates 61 are respectively slidably installed in the slots at the two ends of the hill-shaped material collection plate 59, and the bottom surfaces of the hill-shaped telescopic plates 61 are always connected with the inner side plates of the main material collection box 50 by means of telescoping of the hill-shaped telescopic plates 61 with respect to the hill-shaped material collection plate 59; the first inner baffle 55 of hill-shaped material collection plate is welded to the inner end face of the hill-shaped material collection plate 59 and connected with a side edge of the box-type vibration plate 49; two second inner baffles 56 of hill-shaped material collection plate are slidably installed in the first inner baffle 55 of hill-shaped material collection plate on the two sides, and respectively contact with the first vibration stand lifting support 42 for box-type vibration plates 49 different in length by telescoping; the first lateral material collection baffle 51 is slidably installed on an inner side plate of the main material collection box 50, the second lateral material collection baffle 52 is slidably installed in a slot of the first lateral material collection baffle 51, the third lateral material collection baffle 53 is slidably installed in a slot of the second lateral material collection baffle 52, and the first lateral material collection baffle 51 slides back and forth on the inner side plate of the main material collection box 50, so as to maintain contact with the outer end face of the hill-shaped material collection plate 59; two sets of lateral material collection baffles are connected by means of telescoping of the third lateral material collection baffle 53 and the second lateral material collection baffle 52; the size of the vibration stand material recycling device 58 can be changed by changing the positions of the first telescopic rod 54 of hill-shaped material collection plate and the main material collection box 50 in the transverse and longitudinal sliding slots, so as to adapt vibration plates different in size and collection of particles different in elasticity.
Example 4:
A coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving having the structure as described in example 1, with the following differences: the vibration stand device further includes a box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly 303, which includes a vibration stand movement base 39, a secondary vibration stand movement base 40, vibration stand support sliding slots 41, first • 21 • vibration stand lifting supports 42, second vibration stand lifting supports 43, third vibration stand lifting supports 44, box-type vibration plate fixing rods 48, a box-type oil cylinder connecting plate 62, a box-type oil cylinder connecting plate fixing pin shaft 63, a vibration oil cylinder rod 64, a middle vibration oil cylinder 65, an outer vibration oil cylinder 66, an outer vibration oil cylinder fixing pin shaft 67, and vibration oil cylinder support blocks 68. Two sets of vibration stand support sliding slots 41, first vibration stand lifting supports 42, second vibration stand lifting supports 43, and third vibration stand lifting supports 44 are installed in two adjacent sets of sliding slots in the secondary vibration stand movement base 40; the vibration oil cylinder support blocks 68 are installed in two sets of vibration stand support sliding slots 41 on the other side, the outer vibration oil cylinder 66 is rotatably hinged to the vibration oil cylinder support blocks 68 via the outer vibration oil cylinder fixing pin shaft 67, the middle vibration oil cylinder 65 is slidably installed in the outer vibration oil cylinder 66, the vibration oil cylinder rod 64 is slidably installed in the middle vibration oil cylinder , the two ends of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate 62 are respectively hinged to the inner side of the third vibration stand lifting support 44 and a hole in the top end of the vibration oil cylinder rod 64 via the box-type vibration plate fixing rod 48 and the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate fixing pin shaft 63. By adjusting the positions of the vibration stand support sliding slots 41, the first vibration stand lifting supports 42, the second vibration stand lifting supports 43, the third vibration stand lifting supports 44, the vibration oil cylinder rod 64, the middle vibration oil cylinder 65, and the outer vibration oil cylinder 66, adaptation to the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate 62 different in size can be realized and different inclination angles of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate 62 can be realized.
Example 5:
A coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving having the structure as described in example 1, with the following differences: the vibration stand device further includes a single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly 304, which includes a vibration stand movement base 39, a secondary movement base 69 of single top coal caving support, a top coal caving hydraulic support 70, and a vibration stand material recycling device 58, wherein positioning manipulators (not shown in the figures) can be arranged in sliding slots at the three sides of the secondary movement base 69 of single top coal caving support, and the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 can reach to a specified position of the secondary movement base 69 of single top coal caving support by controlling the actions of the manipulators. The difference of the secondary movement base 69 of single top coal caving support from the secondary vibration stand movement base 40 lies in that the slots arranged in the top end face of the secondary movement base 69 of single top coal caving support are less because the bottom surface of the single top coal caving support is larger and additional vibration signals may be generated by the single top coal caving support if a lot of slots are arranged.
Example 6:
A working method of a coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving, utilizing the test system in the examples 1-5, having the following specific operating process:
A. when the coal gangue particle impact vibration test is carried out
(1) According to the requirements of the experiment, firstly, the planar plate vibration stand assembly 301 or the box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly 302 or the • 22 • box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly 303 or the single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly 304 is moved by sliding to the position of the supporting base assembly and located right below the coal caving device 2; that is to say, first, the form of the vibration table and the form of the vibration plate are selected; for example, in the case of the planar plate vibration stand assembly 301 (the test with other vibration components is similar), the vibration stand movement base 39 of the planar plate vibration stand assembly 301 is moved by sliding along the vibration stand device storage slideway 104, the vibration stand device slideway 103, and the multi-particle coal caving device supporting base slideway 102 to a position where it contacts with the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device of the multi-particle coal caving device supporting base assembly 204, then the secondary vibration stand movement base 40 drives the vibration stand support sliding slot 41, the first vibration stand lifting support 42, the second vibration stand lifting support 43, the third vibration stand lifting support 44, the planar vibration plate 45, the planar vibration plate fixing nuts 46, the planar vibration plate fixing rods 47, and the vibration stand material recycling device 58, etc. at the top end to slide from the sliding slot of the vibration stand movement base 39 to a specified position in the sliding slot of the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device. Then, the sliding press bar loader 31 slides in the three side slots of the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device to a specified position, and drives the anti-shake press bars 30 to move to press the slots of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40. After the vibration stand support sliding slot 41 slides to a specified position in the secondary vibration stand movement base 40, the first vibration stand lifting support 42, the second vibration stand lifting support 43, and the third vibration stand lifting support 44 act to drive the planar vibration plate 45 to specified elevation and altitude; at that point, thefirst lifting rod 38 of high-speed camera slides along the high-speed camera assembly slideway 101 to a specified position, and the second lifting rod 37 of high-speed camera drives the high-speed camera 36 to move to a specified elevation; through a series of actions of the components, the vibration stand material recycling device 58 is adapted to a vibration plate in different forms and sizes, and is ready for material collection.
(2) According to the requirements of the experiment, coal gangue particles are loaded in the coal caving plate assembly or placed in the coal caving box combination plate;
(3) The coal gangue particles in the coal caving plate assembly or the coal caving box combination plate are released;
(4) The coal gangue particles fall and impact the planar plate vibration stand assembly or the box type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly or the box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly or the single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly, while the high-speed camera assembly captures an instantaneous image of the impact of the coal gangue particles.
For different coal gangue particle impact vibration tests, the operating order of the steps (2), (3) and (4) is the same, but the specific process may vary, specifically as follows:
Based on the above description, for a single-particle impact test, firstly, a coal caving opening of the coal caving plate assembly 21 is selected, the transverse slide blocks 17 and the longitudinal slide blocks 19 slide along the transverse and longitudinal side slots of the multi-particle coal caving stand
• 23 •
13, so as to change the position of the coal caving plate assembly 21 in the central part of the multi particle coal caving stand 13, and thereby change the specific position where the gangue particle falling vertically from the selected coal caving opening impacts the vibration plate; two opposite sets of coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104 of the selected coal caving opening are controlled to close, the width of two opposite sets of coal gangue particle transverse baffles 2102 and the width of the coal gangue particle longitudinal baffles 2103 are adjusted so that the dimensions of the coal caving opening are slightly greater than the size of the specified gangue; then the slide blocks 9 slide on the lifting guide posts 23 to a specified elevation, the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 works with the manipulator sliding base 15 to slide in the slots of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and takes out a coal/gangue particle in a specified shape from the coal gangue particle storage box 14, and places the coal/gangue particle to the selected coal caving opening; then vibration sensors (speed sensor and acceleration sensor, etc.) are installed at specified positions of the vibration plate; thus, the preparation work is finished. Then, the control system controls the coal gangue particle bottom baffle 2104 to open quickly, so that the gangue falls freely with initial velocity equal to 0, the vibration sensors acquire vibration signals of the vibration plate, while the high-speed camera capture video and image information; then the acquired and captured signals and information are transmitted to the control system. The coal gangue particle rebounds into the vibration stand material recycling device 58 after it impacts the vibration plate.
For a multi-particle impact test, firstly, a plurality of coal caving openings of the coal caving plate assembly 21 are selected, the transverse slide blocks 17 and the longitudinal slide blocks 19 slide along the transverse and longitudinal side slots of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, so as to change the position of the coal caving plate assembly 21 in the central part of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and thereby change the specific positions where the gangue particles falling vertically from the selected coal caving openings impact the vibration plate; two opposite sets of coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104 of the selected coal caving openings are controlled to close, the width of two opposite sets of coal gangue particle transverse baffles 2102 and the width of the coal gangue particle longitudinal baffles 2103 at each coal caving opening are adjusted so that the dimensions of the coal caving openings are slightly greater than the sizes of the specified gangues (here, the coal caving openings may be adjusted to the same size, or the coal caving openings may be adjusted to different sizes, so that a multi-particle caving experiment of coal gangue particles in the same size can be carried out, and a multi-particle caving experiment of coal gangue particles in different sizes can also be carried out); then the slide blocks 9 slide on the lifting guide posts 23 to a specified elevation, the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 works with the manipulator sliding base 15 to slide in the slots of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, and takes out coal/gangue particles in specified shapes from the coal gangue particle storage box 14, and places the coal/gangue particles to the selected coal caving openings; then vibration sensors (speed sensor and acceleration sensor, etc.) are installed at specified positions of the vibration plate; thus, the preparation work is finished. Then, the control system controls each set of the coal gangue particle bottom baffles 2104 to open quickly (each coal caving openings may be controlled to open at the same time, or each coal caving opening may be controlled to open at specified time), so that the gangue particles fall freely with initial velocity equal to 0, the vibration sensors acquire vibration signals of the vibration plate, while the high-speed camera capture video and image information; then the acquired and captured signals and information are transmitted to the control system. The coal gangue particles rebound into
• 24• the vibration stand material recycling device 58 after they impact the vibration plate.
For a group-particle coal gangue impact test, the transverse slide blocks 17 and the longitudinal slide blocks 19 slide along the transverse and longitudinal side slots of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13 and drive the coal caving plate assembly 21 to a corner of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13; then the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27 moves around the socket of the second telescopic extension rod 6, the ball-head hydraulic rod 26 extends in the axial direction of the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body 27, and the ball-head hydraulic rod 26 drives the coal caving box connecting table 28 and thereby drives the coal caving box combination plates 25 to rotate to a specified position and automatically combine into a complete coal caving box at the same time; the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator 16 works with the manipulator sliding base 15 to slide in the slots of the multi-particle coal caving stand 13, takes out coal/gangue particles in specified shape and quantity from the coal gangue particle storage box 14 and places the coal/gangue particles into the group-particle coal caving box; then the second telescopic extension rod 6 extends along the first telescopic extension rod 7 under the control of the control system, so that the group-particle coal caving box combined from the coal caving box combination plates 25 is kept at certain distance from the multi-particle coal caving assembly 201 to prevent mutual interference among the components. Then the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device slides in the multi-particle coal caving device supporting base slideway 102 to a specified position, the toothed mesh anti-skid rod 32 moves downward till the anti-skid teeth on its surface presses the top surface of the base 1 of the system; after the form of the vibration table and the form of the vibration plate are selected, for example, in the case of the planar plate vibration stand assembly 301 (the test with other vibration components is similar), the vibration stand movement base 39 of the planar plate vibration stand assembly 301 slides along the vibration stand device storage slideway 104, the vibration stand device slideway 103, and the multi-particle coal caving device supporting base slideway 102 to a position where it contacts with the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device of the multi-particle coal caving device supporting base assembly 204, then the secondary vibration stand movement base 40 drives the vibration stand support sliding slot 41, the first vibration stand lifting support 42, the second vibration stand lifting support 43, the third vibration stand lifting support 44, the planar vibration plate 45, the planar vibration plate fixing nuts 46, the planar vibration plate fixing rods 47, and the vibration stand material recycling device 58, etc. at the top end to slide from the slideways of the vibration stand movement base 39 to specified positions in the slideways of the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device. Then, the sliding press bar loader 31 slides in the three side slots of the sliding chassis 29 of the lifting device to a specified position, and drives the anti shake press bars 30 to move to press the slots of the secondary vibration stand movement base 40. After the vibration stand support sliding slot 41 slides to a specified position in the secondary vibration stand movement base 40, the first vibration stand lifting support 42, the second vibration stand lifting support 43, and the third vibration stand lifting support 44 act to drive the planar vibration plate 45 to specified elevation and altitude; at that point, the first lifting rod 38 of high-speed camera slides along the high-speed camera assembly slideway 101 to a specified position, and the second lifting rod 37 of high-speed camera drives the high-speed camera 36 to move to a specified elevation; through a series of actions of the components, the vibration stand material recycling device 58 is adapted to a vibration plate in different forms and sizes, and is ready for material collection. Finally, the slide blocks 9 drive the lifting guide posts 23 to move up and down, so that the group-particle coal caving box reaches to a specified elevation of the vibration plate. The advantage of using four
• 25 • sets of second telescopic extension rods 6, first telescopic extension rods 7, connecting pin shafts 8, slide blocks 9, coal caving box combination plates 25, ball-head hydraulic rods 26, ball-head hydraulic cylinder bodies 27, and coal caving box connecting tables 28, which are opposite and spaced from each other in pairs by 900, is that the four coal caving box combination plates 25 combine into a complete group-particle coal caving box and the group-particle coal caving box can be placed at any position in a plane at an elevation of the four lifting guide posts 23.
In the test, the ball-head hydraulic rods 26 and the ball-head hydraulic cylinder bodies 27 act to drive the group-particle coal caving box combined from four sets of coal caving box combination plates 25 to open quickly, so that the group particles fall down. The vibration sensors acquire vibration signals of the vibration plate, while the high-speed camera captures video and image information; then the acquired and captured signals and information are transmitted to the control system. The coal gangue particles rebound into the vibration stand material recycling device 58 after they impact the vibration plate.
In addition, for a vibration plate assembly in a different form, the position of the vibration stand support sliding slot 41 in the vibration stand movement base 39 may be adjusted to adapt to the size of the vibration plate in different form; the first vibration stand lifting support 42, the second vibration stand lifting support 43, and the third vibration stand lifting support 44 may be adjusted to different elevations to adapt to the inclination angle of the vibration plate in different form. For a box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly 303, the angle of the outer vibration oil cylinder 66 and the positions of the vibration oil cylinder rod 64 and the middle vibration oil cylinder 65 may be controlled to control the angle of the top end face of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate 62.
B. When the coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test is carried out
For simulated top coal caving with single top coal caving hydraulic support: through the movements of the lateral baffle sliding slots 72 of top coal caving support, the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support, the secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support, the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support, and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support, the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 is fixedly positioned on the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group; after the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 slides along the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108 to a specified position, the support placement plate 127 pushes the sliding belt conveyer 114 via the sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder 120 along the support placement plate clamp slot 11301 to a position where the outer end of the sliding belt conveyer 114 is flush with the inner side surface of the hydraulic support positioning slot 11303; at that point, the first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator and the first lifting rod 121 of support blocking manipulator are respectively located at initial positions in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slots 11304 at the rear end of the sliding belt conveyer 114 and the rear end of the main support adjusting and placement plate 113. Then the hydraulic support movement base 39, the top coal caving hydraulic support 70, the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group, the lateral baffle sliding slot 72 of top coal caving support, the primary lateral baffle 73 of top coal caving support, the secondary lateral baffle 74 of top coal caving support, the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support, and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support of the top coal caving hydraulic support working group 5 are driven by the hydraulic support movement base 39 to move along the support group exit slideway 109, the support translation • 26• slideway 111, the support transposition inlet 110, and the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108 till the hydraulic support movement base 39 contacts with the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 and the movable block at the bottom end of the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group is aligned to the secondary movement base through-slot 11302 of top coal caving support group ; then the top coal caving hydraulic support 70, the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group, the lateral baffle sliding slots 72 of top coal caving support, the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support, the secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support, the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support, and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support are driven by the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group to move along the secondary movement base through-slot 11302 of top coal caving support group onto the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 and enter into the hydraulic support positioning slot 11303 and move to a specified position in the hydraulic support positioning slot 11303; at that point, the secondary movement base 71 of top coal caving support group abuts against the front end of the sliding belt conveyer 114; then, under the fixing and clamping action of the two sets of side fixing mechanism composed of the lateral baffle sliding slots 72 of top coal caving support, the primary lateral baffles 73 of top coal caving support and the secondary lateral baffles 74 of top coal caving support and the pushing action of the pushing mechanism composed of the primary back baffle 75 of top coal caving support and the secondary back baffle 76 of top coal caving support, the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 is pushed linearly onto the sliding belt conveyer 114; next, the sliding belt conveyer 114 is fixed on the main support adjusting and placement plate 113, the support placement plate 127 is pulled by the sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder 120 to a position where the support placement plate 127 contacts with the sliding belt conveyer 114 (here, the contact is not physical contact; instead, there is a tiny gap between them for the purpose of preventing friction and damage, because the sliding belt conveyer 114 has to rotate); then, a sliding machine arranged on the sliding belt conveyer 114 is started, so that the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 slides gradually from the sliding belt conveyer 114 to the support placement plate 127; in the sliding process, the two sets of hydraulic support pushing manipulators composed of the first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator, the second lifting rod 116 of support pushing manipulator, the first pushing rod 117 of support pushing manipulator, the second pushing rod 118 of support pushing manipulator, and the two-way pushing block 119 hold the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 by blocking at the two sides of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70, to ensure that the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 can slide linearly from the sliding belt conveyer 114 onto the support placement plate 127. When the top coal caving hydraulic support is about to separate from the sliding belt conveyer 114, the pushing effect on the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 no longer exists; at that point, the sliding belt conveyer 114 is fixed on the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 again, and the support placement plate 127 is pushed by the sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder 120 to certain distance from the sliding belt conveyer 114; here, the two sets of hydraulic support pushing manipulators composed of the first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator, the second lifting rod 116 of support pushing manipulator, the first pushing rod 117 of support pushing manipulator, the second pushing rod 118 of support pushing manipulator, and the two-way pushing block 119 still hold the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 by blocking at the two sides; another set of hydraulic support pushing manipulator composed of a first lifting rod 115 of support pushing manipulator, a second lifting rod 116 of support pushing manipulator, a first pushing rod 117 of support pushing manipulator, a second pushing rod 118 of • 27 • support pushing manipulator, and a two-way pushing block 119 pushes the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 from the rear side of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 to move forward linearly on the support placement plate 127. Then, three sets of support blocking manipulators composed of a first lifting rod 121 of support blocking manipulator, a second lifting rod 122 of support blocking manipulator, a third lifting rod 123 of support blocking manipulator, a first pushing rod 124 of support blocking manipulator, a second pushing rod 125 of support blocking manipulator, and a two-way stop block 126 extend to specified positions, and block the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 from the front side and the two lateral sides of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 respectively; finally, the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 is moved to a specified position on the support placement plate 127. Thus, the positioning of the hydraulic support on the support placement plate 127 isfinished.
After the positioning of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 on the support placement plate 127 is finished, the second sliding clamp plate 93 drives the coal flow pressing device 403 to slide along the supporting columns 83 to a specified elevation, then the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rods 96 drive the other movable components of the coal flow pressing device 403 to move to the tail beam part of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70, the spacing between the two longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rods 96 is adjusted so that the inner side surfaces of one set of main detaining plates 98 are aligned spatially to the front end of the top beam, while the inner side surfaces of the other set of main detaining plates 98 are aligned to the tail end of the tail beam; next, the second main pressing plates 97 are controlled to fall along the main detaining plates 98 till the two sets of second main pressing plates 97 are connected to front end of the top end face of the top beam and the tail end of the top end face of the tail beam respectively. Next, the control system automatically calculates the spacing between the inner end faces of the two main detaining plates 98 and calculate how many detaining distribution plates 99 and stepped diffused distribution plates 100 are required to attain a filling purpose; then the control system automatically controls the detaining distribution plates 99 to slide along the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95 till the two side surfaces of side distribution baffles composed of multiple detaining distribution plates 99 are aligned to the inner end faces of two main detaining plates 98; next, the transverse movement detaining slide rod 95 slides along the longitudinal sliding slot in the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod 96 till the spacing between the inner sides of two opposite sets of side distribution baffles are aligned to two side edges of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70; then the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 are controlled to slide along the detaining distribution plates 99 till the bottom ends of the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 contact with the top end faces of the components of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70; thus, the second main pressing plates 97, the main detaining plates 98, the detaining distribution plates 99, and the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 form a coal gangue storage box that stores coal gangue. By controlling the elevation of the second sliding clamp plates 93 on the supporting columns 83 in conjunction with the height of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70, the capacity of the coal gangue storage box for storing coal gangue can be controlled, and the amount of the falling coal gangue can be adjusted by changing the amount of coal gangue stored in the coal gangue storage box. After the coal gangue storage box is adjusted, the coal gangue is conveyed by the coal gangue conveying device 401 into the coal gangue storage box; then, the sliding clamp plates 84 drive the fixed single-slot plates 85 to slide upward, and thereby drive the simulated mining pressure loading device 402 to rise to a specified elevation; the sliding slot plate 86 drives the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87, the
• 28 • single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88, and the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 to slide along the side slots of the fixed single-slot plates 85 till they are aligned spatially to the coal gangue storage box in the longitudinal direction; then the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87 drives the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 and the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 to slide along the slots of the sliding slot plate 86 till they are aligned to the coal gangue storage box in the transverse direction; next, the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 is driven by the single cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 to slowly press the coal gangue in the coal gangue storage box, so that the top end faces of the coal gangue form a plane. The single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 may be driven to press downward until a preset pressure is reached if it is desirable to apply a further uniform pressure on the top surfaces of the coal gangue; otherwise the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 and the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 may be retracted after the top end faces of the coal gangue form a plane; if non-uniform pressure is to be applied on the top surfaces of the coal gangue to simulate different mining pressure conditions on the roof, the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88 and the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 may be retracted after the top end faces of the coal gangue form a plane, then the sliding slot plate 86 drives the single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 87, the single-cylinder pressurization tank rod 88, and the single-cylinder pressurization plate 89 to reach to one side of the fixed single-slot plate 85, and then another set of sliding slot plate 86 drives the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90, the separate pressurization rods 91, and the separate pressurization plates 92 to reach to a positive right above the coal gangue storage box; next, pressure is applied on different separate pressurization rods 91 till the separate pressurization plates 92 apply different preset pressures on the top surfaces of the coal gangue that are in a plane (besides, the loading pressures for the connected loading plates may be selected in a skip manner or several loading pressures at an interval may be selected. The loading device composed of a plurality of separate pressurization rods 91, a plurality of separate pressurization plates 92 and the multi cylinder pressurization tank cylinder 90 has high flexibility, and can realize various flexible loading schemes). In the coal gangue caving experiment, after the sensors are installed, the second main pressing plates 97 at the tail end of the tail beam of the top coal caving hydraulic support 70 is controlled automatically to rise along the main detaining plates 98, the coal gangue automatically flows out through the clearance between the tail beam and the bottom ends of the second main pressing plates 97; the vibration signals of the tail beam are sensed by the sensors, and then are automatically transmitted to the control system in real time. The size of the clearance between the tail beam and the bottom ends of the second main pressing plates 97 is controlled by controlling the rising elevation of the second main pressing plates 97 along the main detaining plates 98, and thereby the coal gangue falling speed can be controlled.
For simulated top coal caving with multiple top coal caving hydraulic supports: in the simulation of top coal caving with multiple top coal caving hydraulic supports, the positioning on the support placement plate 127 is also required; specifically, multiple top coal caving hydraulic supports 70 are moved from a plurality of support group exit slideways 109 along a plurality of support transposition inlets 110 into a plurality of secondary movement base through-slots 11302 of top coal caving support group, and then the top coal caving hydraulic supports 70 are moved from the secondary movement base through-slots 11302 of top coal caving support group onto the support placement plate 127 in the sequence of the above-mentioned steps. Then, the coal gangue storage box composed of the second main pressing plates 97, the main detaining plates 98, the detaining distribution plates 99, and
• 29 • the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 is adjusted to be in fit with the multiple top coal caving hydraulic supports. If the support group formed by multiple hydraulic supports is too large in size, the supporting columns 83 may be controlled to slide outward in the supporting column slideways 107 to increase the distance between every two supporting columns 83; then the components among the supporting columns 83 may be replaced. In that way, a simulated top coal caving test with multiple top coal caving hydraulic support groups can be carried out.
Working principle of coal gangue collection and conveying in the simulated top coal caving process: after the simulated top coal caving test with single/multiple top coal caving hydraulic support groups is finished, the coal stream flows through the clearance between the tail beam and the bottom ends of the second main pressing plates 97 to the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108. After the test, the coal shoveling baffles 131 are controlled to slide to block the support transposition inlets 110, the main support adjusting and placement plate 113 slides along the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108 to push the coal gangue dispersed in the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway 108 to the coal shoveling passage 106, then the coal shoveling driver 128 operates, and the coal shoveling control system 129 controls the coal accumulating bucket 130 to push the coal along the coal shoveling passage 106 to the primary conveyer belt 77; next, after the coal is conveyed on the primary conveyer belt 77 to the tail end of the secondary conveyer belt 78, the coal enters into a rising conveyor section of the secondary conveyer belt 78, flows through an upper falling section of the secondary conveyer belt 78, and enters into the coal flow pressing device 403. Both the rising section and the upper falling section of the secondary conveyer belt 78 can extend/retract, so that the tail part of the upper falling section of the secondary conveyer belt 78 can extend to the coal gangue storage box composed of the second main pressing plates 97, the main detaining plates 98, the detaining distribution plates 99, and the stepped diffused distribution plates 100 as required to convey the coal gangue away. The two sections can be retracted automatically to a side of the secondary conveyer belt 78 to prevent hampering the test when conveying is not required.
•30•

Claims (8)

  1. Claims
    1 A coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving, comprising a base, and a coal gangue particle impact vibration test device and a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device that are arranged on the base; wherein
    the coal gangue particle impact vibration test device comprises a vibration stand device, a support assembly, a coal caving device and a high-speed camera assembly, wherein the vibration stand device is arranged at the bottom of the support assembly, the coal caving device is arranged on the support assembly and above the vibration stand device, and the high-speed camera assembly is arranged on one side of the support assembly and is arranged side by side with the vibration stand device; the coal gangue particles are released to the vibration stand device through the coal caving device, and information of instantaneous image of the coal gangue particles falling on the vibration stand device is acquired by means of the high-speed camera assembly;
    the coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test device comprises a coal flow-simulated caving device, a coal gangue conveying device, a coal shoveling device, and a plurality of top coal caving hydraulic support working groups; the plurality of top coal caving hydraulic support working groups are arranged side by side in a top coal caving support working group storage slideway arranged in the base; the coal flow-simulated caving device comprises a simulated mining pressure loading device, a coal flow pressing device and a hydraulic support adjusting and placement device, which are arranged from top to bottom; the coal shoveling device is arranged at one side of the coal flow-simulated caving device for pushing the coal gangue particles after test to the coal gangue conveying device; the coal gangue conveying device is arranged at one end of the coal flow-simulated caving device for conveying the coal gangue particles onto the coal flow-simulated caving device, so that a coal flow-simulated coal gangue caving impact test is carried out subsequently for the top coal caving hydraulic support working groups with the simulated mining pressure loading device and the coal flow pressing device;
    wherein the support assembly comprises a supporting base assembly and a lifting mechanism installed on the supporting base assembly, wherein the supporting base assembly is arranged in a support assembly slideway arranged in the base, the lifting mechanism comprises lifting guide posts arranged vertically at the four comers of the supporting base assembly, and the coal caving device is connected on the four lifting guide posts;
    the supporting base assembly comprises a sliding chassis, the bottom of the sliding chassis is installed on the base via a toothed mesh anti-skid rod and a toothed mesh anti-skid rod connecting cylinder, anti-shake press bar loaders and anti-shake press bars are arranged on the sliding chassis, the anti-shake press bar loaders are arranged in a groove arranged in the sliding chassis, the bottom ends of the lifting guide posts are installed at four corners of the sliding chassis by lifting guide post fixing bolts, and the sliding chassis is provided with a slot corresponding to a multi-particle coal caving device supporting base slideway; and wherein the high-speed camera assembly comprises a first lifting rod of high-speed camera, a second lifting rod of high-speed camera, and a high-speed camera installed at the top end of the second lifting rod of high-speed camera, wherein the bottom end of the second lifting rod of high-speed camera is connected to the top end of the first lifting rod of high-speed camera, and the bottom end of the first lifting rod of high-speed camera is installed in a high-speed camera assembly slideway arranged in the base.
  2. 2. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 1, wherein the coal caving device comprises a multi-particle coal caving assembly, which comprises a first lifting board, a multi-particle coal caving stand, and a coal caving plate assembly, wherein the first lifting board is connected to the lifting guide posts via slide blocks, the multi-particle coal caving stand is installed on the first lifting board, and the multi-particle coal caving stand and the first lifting board are provided with coal falling openings corresponding to each other, the coal caving plate assembly is arranged in the coal falling opening provided in the multi-particle coal caving stand and the bottom of the coal caving plate assembly is connected with a transverse slide rod and a longitudinal slide rod, and the ends of the transverse slide rod and the longitudinal slide rod are slidably connected to the multi-particle coal caving stand via a transverse slide block and a longitudinal slide block;
    the coal caving plate assembly comprises a coal caving plate provided with at least one coal gangue particle caving opening, each of which is provided with a coal gangue particle bottom baffle, a coal gangue particle transverse baffle, and a coal gangue particle longitudinal baffle; two-way slidably connecting blocks are provided at four corners of the bottom of the coal caving plate, and the transverse slide rod and the longitudinal slide rod penetrate through the two-way slidably connecting blocks;
    a coal gangue particle storage box is arranged on one side of the first lifting board, a four-degree-of-freedom manipulator is arranged on one side of the multi-particle coal caving stand, and the four-degree-of-freedom manipulator is adjacent to the coal gangue particle storage box; the coal caving device further comprises a group particle coal caving assembly, which comprises coal caving box combination plates and ball-head hydraulic cylinders, the ball-head hydraulic cylinder comprises a ball-head hydraulic cylinder body and a ball-head hydraulic rod hinged to a coal caving box connecting table arranged around the coal caving box combination plates; the bottom of the slide block is provided with a first telescopic extension rod and a second telescopic extension rod that are connected with each other, and the second telescopic extension rod is connected to the ball-head hydraulic cylinder body.
  3. 3. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 1, wherein the vibration stand device comprises a planar plate vibration stand assembly, which comprises a vibration stand movement base, a secondary vibration stand movement base, and a planar vibration plate, wherein the secondary vibration stand movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base and provided with vibration stand support sliding slots, and the bottom of the planar vibration plate is installed on the vibration stand support sliding slots by connecting to third vibration stand lifting supports, second vibration stand lifting supports, and first vibration stand lifting supports sequentially; the vibration stand device further comprises a box-type plate fixed and constrained vibration stand assembly, which comprises a vibration stand movement base, a secondary vibration stand movement base, and a box-type vibration plate, wherein the secondary vibration stand movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base; vibration stand support sliding slots and a vibration stand material recycling device are arranged on the secondary vibration stand movement base; the box-type vibration plate is inside the vibration stand material recycling device and the bottom of the box-type vibration plate is installed on the vibration stand support sliding slots by connecting to third vibration stand lifting supports, second vibration stand lifting supports, and first vibration stand lifting supports sequentially; the vibration stand material recycling device comprises a main material collection box, a first lateral material collection baffle, a second lateral material collection baffle, a third lateral material collection baffle, a first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, a first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate, a second inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate, a telescopic baffle of main material collection box, a hill-shaped material collection plate, a second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, and hill-shaped telescopic plates, wherein the bottom of the main material collection box is slidably arranged in a longitudinal sliding slot in the secondary vibration stand movement base, the telescopic baffle of main material collection box is slidably embedded in a slot in the bottom end of the main material collection box, the first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably arranged in a transverse sliding slot of the secondary vibration stand movement base, the second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably installed in the first telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, the hill-shaped material collection plate is welded to the top end face of the second telescopic rod of hill-shaped material collection plate, two sets of hill-shaped telescopic plates are respectively slidably installed in the slots in the two ends of the hill-shaped material collection plate, and the bottom surface of the hill-shaped material collection plate is always connected with two opposite inner side plates of the main material collection box by means of the telescoping of the hill-shaped telescopic plates with respect to the hill-shaped material collection plate; the first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate is welded to the inner end face of the hill-shaped material collection plate and connected with a side edge of the box-type vibration plate; the second inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate is slidably installed in the first inner baffle of hill-shaped material collection plate; the first lateral material collection baffle is slidably installed on an inner side plate of the main material collection box, the second lateral material collection baffle is slidably installed in a slot in the first lateral material collection baffle, and the third lateral material collection baffle is slidably installed in a slot in the second lateral material collection baffle; the vibration stand device further comprises a box-type plate connected oil cylinder vibration stand assembly, which comprises a vibration stand movement base, a secondary vibration stand movement base, a box-type oil cylinder connecting plate and a vibration oil cylinder, wherein the secondary vibration stand movement base is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base; vibration stand support sliding slots are arranged in the secondary vibration stand movement base, one side of the bottom of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate is installed on the vibration stand support sliding slots by connecting to third vibration stand lifting supports, second vibration stand lifting supports, and first vibration stand lifting supports sequentially, and the other side of the bottom of the box-type oil cylinder connecting plate is hinged to a piston rod of the vibration oil cylinder, and the bottom end of the cylinder block of the vibration oil cylinder is hinged on the vibration stand support sliding slots; the vibration stand device further comprises a single top coal caving support vibration stand assembly, which comprises a vibration stand movement base, a secondary movement base of single top coal caving support, and a top coal caving hydraulic support, wherein the secondary movement base of single top coal caving support is slidably arranged on the vibration stand movement base, and the top coal caving hydraulic support is installed on the secondary movement base of single top coal caving support.
  4. 4. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 1, wherein the simulated mining pressure loading device comprises two support columns arranged opposite to each other on the base, a sliding clamp plate is installed on each of the two support columns respectively, a fixed single-slot plate is connected on each sliding clamp plate, two sliding slot plates are connected to the opposite inner sides of the two fixed single-slot plates, the bottom of one sliding slot plate is sequentially connected with a single-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder, a single-cylinder pressurization tank rod, and a single-cylinder pressurization plate, and the bottom of the other sliding slot plate is connected with a multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder, a plurality of separate pressurization rods are arranged side by side on the bottom of the multi-cylinder pressurization tank cylinder, and the bottom of each separate pressurization rod is connected with a separate pressurization plate.
  5. 5. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 4, wherein the coal flow pressing device comprises two second sliding clamp plates installed opposite to each other on the support columns, a second fixed sliding slot plate is connected on each second sliding clamp plate, two longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rods are connected to two opposite inner sides of the two second fixed sliding slot plates, two transverse movement detaining slide rods are slidably connected on the two longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rods, wherein the bottom end of the longitudinal continuous movement detaining slide rod is sequentially connected with a main detaining plate and a second main pressing plate, and the second main pressing plate is slidably connected in a slot provided in the bottom end of the main detaining plate, the bottom end of the transverse movement detaining slide rod is sequentially connected with detaining distribution plates and stepped diffused distribution plates, and the stepped diffused distribution plates are slidably connected in slots provided in the bottom ends of the detaining distribution plates.
  6. 6. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic support adjusting and placement device comprises a main support adjusting and placement plate, a sliding belt conveyer, support pushing manipulators, a sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder, support blocking manipulators, and a support placement plate; a support placement plate clamp slot, a secondary movement base through-slot of top coal caving support group, a hydraulic support positioning slot, and a support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot are arranged in the main support adjusting and placement plate, wherein the main support adjusting and placement plate is slidably installed in a hydraulic support adjusting and placement device slideway arranged in the base, the sliding belt conveyer and the support placement plate are slidably installed side by side in the support placement plate clamp slot and are connected via the sliding belt conveyer push-pull cylinder; the support pushing manipulators are slidably installed in side slots in the two ends of the sliding belt conveyer, and a plurality of support blocking manipulators are slidably installed side by side in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot in one side of the support placement plate; the support pushing manipulator comprises a first lifting rod of support pushing manipulator, a second lifting rod of support pushing manipulator, a first pushing rod of support pushing manipulator, a second pushing rod of support pushing manipulator, and a two-way pushing block, which are connected sequentially, wherein the bottom end of the first lifting rod of support pushing manipulator is slidably installed in the side slots in the two ends of the sliding belt conveyer; the support blocking manipulator comprises a first lifting rod of support blocking manipulator, a second lifting rod of support blocking manipulator, a third lifting rod of support blocking manipulator, a first pushing rod of support blocking manipulator, a second pushing rod of support blocking manipulator, and a two-way stop block, which are connected sequentially, wherein the bottom end of the first lifting rod of support blocking manipulator is slidably installed in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot; four support blocking manipulators are slidably installed side by side in the support blocking manipulator position adjusting slot in one side of the support placement plate.
  7. 7. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 1, wherein the coal gangue conveying device comprises a primary conveyer belt, a secondary conveyer belt, lateral baffles of conveyer belt, inner lateral baffles of conveyer belt, tiled small baffles of conveyer belt, and longitudinal small baffles of conveyer belt; wherein the primary conveyer belt and the secondary conveyer belt are connected with each other in tandem at their bottom ends and placed in a coal gangue conveying device placement slideway arranged in the base plate, the lateral baffles of conveyer belt and the inner lateral baffles of conveyer belt are installed at the two sides of the secondary conveyer belt respectively, the tiled small baffles of conveyer belt are connected with the sides of the primary conveyer belt and the sides of the secondary conveyer belt respectively, and the longitudinal small baffles of conveyer belt are slidably installed on the top end faces of the tiled small baffles of conveyer belt; the coal gangue conveying device placement slideway is in communication with a coal shoveling passage, and the top end of the secondary conveyer belt is located above the coal flow pressing device;
    the top surface of the primary conveyer belt and the top surface of the bottom end of the secondary conveyer belt are lower than the end faces of the coal shoveling passage.
  8. 8. The coal-gangue interface recognition test system for top coal caving according to claim 1, wherein the coal shoveling device comprises a coal shoveling driver, a coal shoveling control system, a coal accumulating bucket and a coal shoveling baffle, wherein the coal shoveling driver, the coal shoveling control system and the coal accumulating bucket are sequentially fixedly connected and arranged in the coal shoveling passage arranged in the base, the coal shoveling baffle is slidably installed in a slot in the end of a support transposition inlet arranged in the base, and the support transposition inlet is located at the side of the coal shoveling passage; wherein the coal shoveling driver comprises a driving motor and a gear transmission mechanism, the coal shoveling control system comprises an industrial PC, lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket, travelling wheels, and a pushing oil cylinder, the pushing oil cylinder and the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket are respectively connected to the coal accumulating bucket, the travelling wheels are connected to the driving motor via the gear transmission mechanism, and the driving motor, the lateral and longitudinal guard arms of coal accumulating bucket, and the pushing oil cylinder are respectively connected to the industrial PC; the top coal caving hydraulic support working group comprises a hydraulic support movement base, a top coal caving hydraulic support, a secondary movement base of top coal caving support group, lateral baffle sliding slots of top coal caving support, primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, secondary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, a primary back baffle of top coal caving support, and a secondary back baffle of top coal caving support; the hydraulic support movement base is slidably installed in the top coal caving support working group storage slideway, the secondary movement base of top coal caving support group is slidably installed in a slot provided in the top end of the hydraulic support movement base, and three parallel slideways are arranged in the secondary movement base of top coal caving support group, wherein the primary back baffle of top coal caving support is slidably installed in the middle slideway, the secondary back baffle of top coal caving support is slidably installed on the top end of the primary back baffle of top coal caving support, the lateral baffle sliding slots of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the slideways on the two sides, the primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support are slidably installed in the lateral baffle sliding slots of top coal caving support, and the secondary lateral baffles of top coal caving support are slidably installed on the top ends of the primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support; the top coal caving hydraulic support is located at one end of the three parallel slideways, and is clamped and fixed in position by means of the primary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, the secondary lateral baffles of top coal caving support, the primary back baffle of top coal caving support, and the secondary back baffle of top coal caving support.
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