CN111751227B - Impact testing device and experimental method based on space motion sandwich plate structure - Google Patents
Impact testing device and experimental method based on space motion sandwich plate structure Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/0635—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means using magnetic properties
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- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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Abstract
An impact testing device and an experimental method based on a space motion sandwich plate structure relate to an impact testing device and an experimental method. The invention solves the problem that the existing fixing device can not be used for the impact response behavior test simulation of the composite sandwich plate structure in a motion state in the impact test. The horizontal plane motion device is inserted on the experiment base, the vertical plane vibration device is inserted on the horizontal plane motion device, and the upper installation clamping plate and the lower installation clamping plate are buckled and used for clamping and installing the composite sandwich plate on the vertical plane vibration device. The hammer head falling body movement is guided by the impact signal excitation device; and measuring the height and falling speed information corresponding to different positions of the impact hammer at the falling time through the signal generating device and the signal receiving device. The invention is used for testing mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an impact testing device and an experimental method, in particular to an impact testing device and an experimental method based on a space motion sandwich plate structure.
Background
The composite sandwich plate, also called sandwich plate, is a typical sandwich energy-absorbing structure, and has the key functions of reducing damage hazards when a protected object is collided and impacted, improving the protective performance of the structure and the like. The composite sandwich plate is mainly composed of a panel made of metal materials or non-metal materials and energy-absorbing materials between the panel and the panel. Generally, the impact test for the composite sandwich panel is performed on a fixed device, that is, the test structure is mounted on a fixed experimental device, and then the corresponding impact test is performed by an impact device.
In many engineering application environments, composite sandwich panels, which are important protection means, are often accompanied by the occurrence of movements of structural bodies or large equipment in any direction in space. The impact test of the existing fixing device is not suitable for the experimental study of the impact response behavior of the composite sandwich plate structure in a motion state. This is due to the fact that the dynamic response to an impact and the dynamic behavior of the material when the composite sandwich structure is in motion is significantly different from an impact under fixed conditions. Meanwhile, the phenomena of lateral force, sliding friction and the like between the structure and the impact hammer head in a moving state cannot be simulated by fixing the impact device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing fixing device cannot be used for the impact response behavior test simulation of the composite sandwich plate structure in a motion state in the impact test. Further provides an impact testing device and an experimental method based on the space motion sandwich plate structure.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that an impact testing device based on a space motion sandwich plate structure comprises an upper mounting clamp plate, a lower mounting clamp plate, a vertical plane vibration device, a horizontal plane motion device, an experiment base, a signal generation device and a signal receiving device, wherein the signal generation device and the signal receiving device are oppositely arranged and mounted on the experiment base, the horizontal plane motion device is inserted on the experiment base, the horizontal plane motion device is positioned between the signal generation device and the signal receiving device, the vertical plane vibration device is inserted on the horizontal plane motion device, the upper mounting clamp plate and the lower mounting clamp plate are buckled and clamp a composite sandwich plate, the lower mounting clamp plate is inserted on the vertical plane vibration device, and an impact signal excitation device is mounted right above the middle part between the signal generation device and the signal receiving device.
Further, the lower mounting clamp plate comprises a lower clamp plate and a clamp plate sliding groove, and the clamp plate sliding groove is fixedly mounted on the lower end face of the lower clamp plate.
Further, vertical plane vibrating device includes connecting cover plate, lower connecting cover plate, stopper and a plurality of vibrating spring, sets up the recess in the connecting cover plate down, and a plurality of vibrating spring install connecting cover plate down in, go up connecting cover plate lid dress on a plurality of vibrating spring, go up connecting cover plate and connect through the stopper between the cover plate down, and go up connecting cover plate and be located the stopper and can fluctuate under vibrating spring's effect.
Furthermore, vertical plane vibrating device still includes vibration mounting groove, vibration cartridge groove and a plurality of vibration antiskid band, and the vibration mounting groove is installed on the up end of last connection cover plate, and vibration cartridge groove is installed under on the lower terminal surface of connection cover plate, and a plurality of vibration antiskid bands are installed on the up end of last connection cover plate, and a plurality of vibration antiskid bands are located the centre of vibration mounting groove.
Further, horizontal plane telecontrol equipment is including connecting dull and stereotypedly, connecting dull and stereotypedly down, a plurality of ball and a plurality of high-strength spring, and a plurality of balls roll and install and connect between dull and stereotypedly last connecting, go up and connect through a plurality of high-strength spring connection between dull and stereotyped and the lower connection flat board.
Further, horizontal plane telecontrol equipment still includes horizontal mounting groove, horizontal inserting groove and horizontal anti-skidding area, and horizontal mounting groove installs on the dull and stereotyped up end of last connection, and horizontal inserting groove installs under on the dull and stereotyped lower terminal surface of connection, and horizontal anti-skidding area is installed on the dull and stereotyped up end of last connection, and horizontal anti-skidding area is located the centre of horizontal mounting groove.
Further, the experiment base includes concrete cushion cap, experiment base plate, base mounting groove and a plurality of base antiskid area, and the experiment base plate is installed on the concrete cushion cap, and the base mounting groove is installed on the experiment base plate, and a plurality of base antiskid areas are located the centre of base mounting groove.
Furthermore, signal generator includes tower signal transmission support, a plurality of photoelectric signal sensor and a plurality of first sensor support, and tower signal transmission support is vertical installs on the concrete cushion cap of experiment base, and a plurality of photoelectric signal sensor pass through a plurality of first sensor support equidistant install the upper portion at tower signal transmission support.
Furthermore, the signal receiving device comprises a tower-type signal receiving support, a plurality of signal receiving sensors and a plurality of second sensor supports, the tower-type signal receiving support is vertically installed on a concrete bearing platform of the experiment base, the plurality of signal receiving sensors are installed on the upper portion of the tower-type signal receiving support at equal intervals through the plurality of second sensor supports, and each signal receiving sensor and the corresponding photoelectric signal sensor are located on the same horizontal plane in the horizontal position.
The invention also provides an experimental method based on the space motion sandwich plate structure impact testing device, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: clamping the composite sandwich plate between an upper mounting clamp plate and a lower mounting clamp plate, and then inserting the composite sandwich plate on a vertical plane vibration device;
step two: arranging a high-speed dynamic camera at a position which can conveniently and simultaneously observe the falling body movement of the impact hammer head and the change process of the photoelectric signal sensor;
step three: completing the connection and debugging of the impact signal excitation device and the impact hammer head;
step four: connecting the vertical plane vibration device and the horizontal plane motion device, and loading according to a set force or displacement mode;
step five: capturing height and time signals corresponding to different positions of the impact hammer at the falling moment through a signal generating device and a signal receiving device;
step six: measuring the impact speed of the impact hammer head by combining the test image of the high-speed dynamic camera and the interval and time signals of each sensor in the signal generating device or the signal receiving device in the step five;
step seven: outputting a time-course curve of the impact force according to a force sensor on the impact hammer head;
step eight: measuring the maximum deformation displacement of the composite sandwich plate structure by using a magnetic grating ruler or a photoelectric displacement meter displacement sensor on a drop hammer tester;
step nine: according to the experimental requirement, a strain gauge machine is arranged on the composite sandwich plate to measure the dynamic strain of the composite sandwich plate structure; or the gravity acceleration sensor is attached to the upper mounting splint and the lower mounting splint to measure the dynamic parameters of the vibration acceleration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following improvement effects:
1. the impact test device can realize a space three-dimensional or plane two-dimensional motion mode of the composite sandwich plate, complete the impact test of the sandwich plate in the motion process of the sandwich plate structure, and simultaneously realize the accurate capture of relevant parameters of the impact test, thereby truly simulating the impact response behavior of the composite sandwich plate structure in a motion state.
2. The invention adopts a horizontal splicing connection mode, facilitates the quick installation, combination and replacement of the test structure and the movement device, can realize the vertical up-and-down floating of the test structure in any direction in the vertical direction, and the arrangement of the limiter A-4 ensures that the test structure can vibrate along the vertical plane, effectively limits the component of vibration displacement formed in the horizontal plane under the influence of the spring, and really realizes that the installation platform can simulate the real movement condition in the downward falling process of the heavy object.
3. The invention limits the vibration amplitude of the test structure by arranging the grading positioning screw holes on the limiting stopper, and adjusts the maximum vibration amplitude of the structure by adjusting the relative height change of the limiting stopper.
4. The invention restricts the movement of the vertical plane vibration device by adjusting the installation of the positioning screw hole of the limiter, and converts the movement mode of the structure from space three-dimensional movement to horizontal plane two-dimensional movement.
5. According to the invention, the impact signal excitation device 9 is arranged, and the falling body of the impact hammer head 9-1 is controlled by the horizontal plane motion device B, so that the synchronism of the composite sandwich plate structure motion and the hammer head falling body impact is realized.
6. According to the invention, the sensors 7-2 and 8-2 are arranged in the signal generating device 7 and the signal receiving device 8 at equal intervals, and important information such as the position and the impact speed of the hammer head is accurately captured by combining an impact test observation image.
7. The anti-slip belt is arranged between the mounting groove and the inserting groove, so that the connecting devices are prevented from being separated from each other due to overlarge relative movement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the signal generating device 7 and the signal receiving device 8 removed. Fig. 3 is an exploded view of fig. 2. Figure 4 is an exploded view of the upper mounting clip 1, the composite sandwich plate 2 and the lower mounting clip 3. Fig. 5 is an isometric view of the signal generating device 7 and the signal receiving device 8 mounted on the experiment base 6. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the signal generating device 7. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the signal receiving apparatus 8.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 7, and the impact testing device based on the space movement sandwich plate structure of the embodiment comprises an upper mounting splint 1, a lower mounting splint 3, a vertical plane vibration device a, a horizontal plane movement device B, an experiment base 6, a signal generating device 7 and a signal receiving device 8, wherein the signal generating device 7 and the signal receiving device 8 are oppositely arranged and mounted on the experiment base 6, the horizontal plane movement device B is plugged on the experiment base 6, and the horizontal plane motion device B is positioned between the signal generating device 7 and the signal receiving device 8, the vertical plane vibration device A is inserted on the horizontal plane motion device B, the upper installation clamping plate 1 and the lower installation clamping plate 3 are buckled, the lower installation clamping plate 3 is inserted on the vertical plane vibration device A after the composite sandwich plate 2 is clamped, and the impact signal excitation device 9 is arranged right above the middle part between the signal generating device 7 and the signal receiving device 8.
In the embodiment, the top ends or the bottom ends of the partial devices are provided with the slide ways or the slide grooves, so that the component devices are reliably connected to form a whole. Compared with a bolt connection mode, the installation and disassembly process is simple and convenient.
In the embodiment, the anti-slip belt is arranged between the slide way and the sliding groove, so that the connecting devices are prevented from being separated from each other due to overlarge planar movement.
In the embodiment, the photoelectric signal excitation device is arranged, and the motion signal of the horizontal motion device is captured to excite the electromagnetic relay switch of the drop hammer impact test equipment, so that the impact process is realized by the falling of the impact hammer head.
In the embodiment, a corresponding falling speed signal measuring device is designed in order to observe and capture the change information of the impact parameters such as the falling speed and the falling height of the impact hammer head. In the device, an infrared signal emitted by a photoelectric signal sensor is blocked by an impact hammer head, and the sensor is excited to generate an electric signal to be recorded. Therefore, by comparing and analyzing the change of the electric signal of the sensor with the impact image information recorded by the high-speed dynamic camera, the relevant information such as the height, the falling speed and the like corresponding to the falling moment and a certain observation position of the impact hammer head can be determined.
The installation of this embodiment subject is realized through experiment structure fixing device, and this fixing device comprises upper mounting splint, lower mounting splint and fixing bolt. The non-screw hole region of installation splint center down, mainly used lays and fixes the experimental object, the compound sandwich plate structure in this embodiment promptly to screw position dismouting bolt along the presetting of lower splint. Like this, through splint and multirow bolt with experimental structure fixed, prevent that it from receiving the influence of telecontrol equipment and the too big relative displacement appears in the experimentation. The mounting mode avoids the opening of holes on the surface of the experimental structure, and reduces the influence of discontinuity of materials on the real shock resistance of the structure. Meanwhile, the non-direct contact experiment mode between the impact hammer head and the composite sandwich plate avoids the damage of the impact device to various test devices installed on the surface of the experiment structure, so that corresponding test signals cannot be acquired.
The experimental subject of the present invention is a typical composite sandwich structural panel, also known as sandwich panel. The sandwich plate is composed of metal or nonmetal surface layers and an interlayer between the surface layers. Wherein the metal surface layer adopts a metal aluminum plate, and the interlayer adopts a metal aluminum honeycomb structure or a metal aluminum foam material. Another sandwich plate structure is composed of a carbon fiber plate as a panel and a non-metallic polyurethane foam material as a middle sandwich layer. According to the requirement of test working conditions, test devices such as strain gauges and the like can be arranged on the surface of the sandwich plate structure and connected with a corresponding data acquisition and analysis system.
In the invention, a fixing device (an upper mounting splint 1 and a lower mounting splint 3) of an experimental structure is connected with a vertical plane vibration device A, the vertical plane vibration device A is connected with a horizontal plane motion device B, and the horizontal plane motion device B is connected with an experimental base 6 in an inserting mode, namely, the fixing device is connected and fixed with an inserting groove (a vibration inserting groove A-6 and a horizontal inserting groove B-6) through mounting grooves (a vibration mounting groove A-5 and a horizontal mounting groove B-5) positioned at the top end or the bottom end of the device. Furthermore, the installation grooves are respectively internally provided with anti-skid belts at the bottom of the insertion groove, and the distance between the anti-skid strips in the anti-skid belts is equal. Meanwhile, the size of the insertion groove is slightly larger than the size of the left and right slideways in the installation groove, so that the insertion installation of the insertion groove and the left and right slideways is facilitated. The mounting groove and the inserting groove are integrally processed and manufactured with the corresponding top plate and the corresponding bottom plate through welding or related processes.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the lower mounting cleat 3 of this embodiment includes a lower cleat 3-1 and a cleat runner 3-2, and the cleat runner 3-2 is fixedly mounted on the lower end surface of the lower cleat 3-1. So set up, be convenient for with vertical plane vibrating device A cooperation and slip grafting. Other components and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the vertical plane vibration device a of the embodiment comprises an upper connection cover plate a-1, a lower connection cover plate a-2, a stopper a-4 and a plurality of vibration springs a-3, wherein a groove is formed in the lower connection cover plate a-2, the plurality of vibration springs a-3 are installed in the lower connection cover plate a-2, the upper connection cover plate a-1 is covered on the plurality of vibration springs a-3, the upper connection cover plate a-1 and the lower connection cover plate a-2 are connected through the stopper a-4, and the upper connection cover plate a-1 is located in the stopper a-4 and can float up and down under the action of the vibration springs a-3. So set up, be convenient for realize vertical direction's vibration. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first or second embodiments.
The setting of stopper of this embodiment has guaranteed that test structure can vibrate along vertical emergence, effectively limits the weight that receives the spring influence and form vibration displacement in the horizontal plane. Meanwhile, the installation and disassembly modes of the limiter are flexible.
This embodiment is through setting up the mode of hierarchical location screw, restricts the vibration amplitude of test structure, through the relative altitude variation of adjustment stopper, has adjusted the maximum vibration amplitude of structure.
The vertical motion of the vibrating spring is limited by the 1 st-level positioning screw hole for connecting the fixed limiting stopper and the mounting groove. Therefore, the experimental device can be converted between the spatial three-dimensional motion mode and the horizontal plane two-dimensional motion mode.
In order to realize that the sandwich plate structure vibrates along a vertical plane in the impact process, the invention designs a vertical vibration device part. The device comprises a connecting cover plate, a limiter, a vibrating spring, a positioning screw hole, a mounting groove, an inserting chute, an inserting slideway and an anti-slip belt. The connecting cover plate comprises an upper connecting cover plate A-1 and a lower connecting cover plate A-2. The upper connecting cover plate A-1 is formed by connecting a top plate with a baffle, and the lower connecting cover plate A-2 is formed by connecting a bottom plate with an installation groove and a baffle.
Furthermore, a high-strength vibration spring is arranged in a semi-closed space formed by the upper end cover plate and the lower end cover plate. The vibrating springs are arranged along the directions of the long edges and the wide edges of the cover plate in a mode of being symmetrical around the center of the cover plate, the distances among the vibrating springs are equal, 9 groups of vibrating springs and 4 groups of vibrating springs are arranged along the long edges and the wide edges respectively, and the number of the vibrating springs is 36.
Further, the lower connection cover plate A-2 comprises a mounting groove and a baffle plate. The mounting groove is internally used for mounting a limiter and forms a main device for limiting the vibration amplitude of the upper end structure together with the limiter. The mounting groove and the baffle are in a symmetrical mode along the center line of the lower end cover plate and are connected with the baffle. The surfaces of the mounting groove and the limiting stopper are provided with positioning screw holes for connecting and fixing the limiting stopper device. The mounting groove and the limiting stopper are provided with 4-level positioning screw holes according to different heights, the distance between every two levels of positioning screw holes along the height direction is equal, and the same height position (the same level) contains 6 positioning screw holes. In addition, the spacing and the progression between the positioning screw holes can be adjusted according to experimental requirements.
And on the other hand, the installation groove and the 1 st-stage positioning screw hole of the limiter are used for limiting the movement of the vibration spring. If the mounting groove and the 1 st-level positioning screw hole of the limiter are fixedly connected, the upper end cover plate and the spring are restrained by the limiter and cannot move vertically. At this time, the whole set of experimental device only satisfies the movement along any direction in the horizontal plane.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the vertical plane vibration device a of the present embodiment further includes a vibration installation groove a-5, a vibration insertion groove a-6, and a plurality of vibration anti-slip bands a-7, the vibration installation groove a-5 is installed on the upper end surface of the upper connection cover a-1, the vibration insertion groove a-6 is installed on the lower end surface of the lower connection cover a-2, the plurality of vibration anti-slip bands a-7 are installed on the upper end surface of the upper connection cover a-1, and the plurality of vibration anti-slip bands a-7 are located in the middle of the vibration installation groove a-5. So set up, be convenient for with horizontal plane telecontrol equipment B cooperation and slip grafting. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second or third embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the horizontal plane movement device B of the present embodiment includes an upper connection plate B-1, a lower connection plate B-2, a plurality of balls B-3, and a plurality of high-strength springs B-4, wherein the plurality of balls B-3 are roll-mounted between the upper connection plate B-1 and the lower connection plate B-2, and the upper connection plate B-1 and the lower connection plate B-2 are connected by the plurality of high-strength springs B-4. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third or fourth embodiment.
The lower connecting flat plate B-2 of the embodiment comprises a limiting cover plate and a limiting baffle plate, and sliding balls are arranged in a semi-closed space formed by the limiting cover plate and the limiting baffle plate, so that the test structure can slide in any direction along a horizontal plane. The sliding range of the upper end structure in a plane is limited by adjusting the number of the sliding balls. In addition, set up many places recess in spacing apron and hold the ball, adopt spring coupling upper end and the spacing apron of lower extreme, avoid sliding the ball to produce too big vertical displacement or throw off the apron.
In order to realize that the sandwich plate structure can move along any direction in a horizontal plane under the action of the auxiliary device, the invention designs a horizontal movement device part. The device comprises a limiting cover plate, a limiting baffle, a sliding ball, a connecting spring, an inserting chute, an inserting slideway and an anti-slip belt. The limiting cover plate comprises an upper connecting flat plate B-1 and a lower connecting flat plate B-2, the upper connecting flat plate is manufactured by welding or integrally processing a top plate and 4 fixed limiting baffles, and the lower connecting flat plate B-2 is formed by connecting a bottom plate with 2 movable baffles and 2 fixed baffles which are symmetrically arranged. In order to place sliding balls conveniently, the movable baffle and the bottom plate are hinged, namely the movable baffle and the bottom plate can rotate in a 90-180-degree relative mode, and the bottom plate and the fixed baffle are manufactured by welding or integral processing. The upper connecting flat plate B-1 and the lower connecting flat plate B-2 are connected by adopting a high-strength spring.
Further, grooves for accommodating sliding balls are provided along the lower connection plate B-2, the grooves being arranged along the long sides and the wide sides parallel to the plate, the number of which can be adjusted according to the size of the cover plate and the diameter of the sliding balls, but the number of grooves should be equal to or greater than the number of sliding balls. And sliding balls are arranged in the grooves. The sliding ball can roll in any direction in the groove, so that the upper end structure can be kept to slide in any direction in a horizontal plane under the action of an external load.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the horizontal plane movement device B of the embodiment further includes a horizontal installation groove B-5, a horizontal insertion groove B-6, and a horizontal anti-slip band B-7, the horizontal installation groove B-5 is installed on the upper end surface of the upper connection flat plate B-1, the horizontal insertion groove B-6 is installed on the lower end surface of the lower connection flat plate B-2, the horizontal anti-slip band B-7 is installed on the upper end surface of the upper connection flat plate B-1, and the horizontal anti-slip band B-7 is located in the middle of the horizontal installation groove B-5. So set up, be convenient for realize the arbitrary direction slip of horizontal direction. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and 5, the experiment base 6 of the embodiment includes a concrete bearing platform 6-1, an experiment substrate 6-2, a base mounting groove 6-3 and a plurality of base anti-slip bands 6-4, the experiment substrate 6-2 is mounted on the concrete bearing platform 6-1, the base mounting groove 6-3 is mounted on the experiment substrate 6-2, the plurality of base anti-slip bands 6-4 are mounted on the experiment substrate 6-2, and the plurality of base anti-slip bands 6-4 are located in the middle of the base mounting groove 6-3. So arranged, the connection with the horizontal plane motion device B is convenient. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.
The experiment base of the embodiment comprises a concrete bearing platform, a base bottom plate and an insertion slide way. The concrete base is pre-installed with anchor bolts for connecting and fixing the base bottom plate. The base bottom plate is connected with the inserting slide way at the top and is manufactured in a welding or integral processing mode.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 5 to 7, and the signal generating device 7 of the present embodiment includes a tower-type signal emitting support 7-1, a plurality of photoelectric signal sensors 7-2, and a plurality of first sensor supports 7-3, the tower-type signal emitting support 7-1 is vertically installed on a concrete platform 6-1 of the experiment base 6, and the plurality of photoelectric signal sensors 7-2 are installed on an upper portion of the tower-type signal emitting support 7-1 at equal intervals through the plurality of first sensor supports 7-3. So set up, be convenient for measure and catch the signal that the weight fell. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 5 to 7, the signal receiving device 8 of the embodiment includes a tower-type signal receiving bracket 8-1, a plurality of signal receiving sensors 8-2 and a plurality of second sensor supports 8-3, the tower-type signal receiving bracket 8-1 is vertically installed on the concrete bearing platform 6-1 of the experiment base 6, the plurality of signal receiving sensors 8-2 are installed on the upper part of the tower-type signal receiving bracket 8-1 at equal intervals through the plurality of second sensor supports 8-3, and each signal receiving sensor 8-2 is on the same horizontal plane with the corresponding photoelectric signal sensor 7-2. So set up, be convenient for receive the signal that the tup whereabouts. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment. The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 7, and the experimental method of the impact testing apparatus based on a space sports sandwich plate structure of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: clamping the composite sandwich plate 2 between an upper mounting splint 1 and a lower mounting splint 3, and then inserting the composite sandwich plate into the vertical plane vibration device A;
step two: arranging a high-speed dynamic camera at a position which can conveniently and simultaneously observe the falling body movement of the impact hammer head and the change process of the photoelectric signal sensor 7-2;
step three: completing the connection and debugging of the impact signal excitation device 9 and the impact hammer 9-1;
step four: connecting the vertical plane vibration device A and the horizontal plane motion device B, and loading according to a set force or displacement mode;
step five: capturing height and time signals corresponding to different positions of the impact hammer 9-1 at the falling moment through a signal generating device 7 and a signal receiving device 8;
step six: measuring the impact speed of the impact hammer head 9-1 by combining the test image of the high-speed dynamic camera and the interval and time signals of each sensor in the signal generating device 7 or the signal receiving device 8 in the step five;
step seven: outputting a time-course curve of the impact force according to a force sensor on the impact hammer 9-1;
step eight: measuring the maximum deformation displacement of the composite sandwich plate structure by using a magnetic grating ruler or a photoelectric displacement meter displacement sensor on a drop hammer tester;
step nine: according to the experimental requirement, a strain gauge machine is arranged on the composite sandwich plate 2 to measure the dynamic strain of the composite sandwich plate structure; or the gravity acceleration sensor is attached to the upper mounting splint 1 and the lower mounting splint 3 to measure the dynamic parameters of the vibration acceleration.
The impact signal excitation device of the embodiment excites the falling hammer device to impact the falling of the hammer head by capturing the initial signal formed by the horizontal movement of the experiment device, so that the impact process of the experiment structure is realized. The impact signal excitation device comprises an electromagnetic relay switch, an impact hammer head and a photoelectric signal excitation device. The impact hammer head (and the beam) is connected with the upper end of the drop hammer device through an electromagnetic relay switch, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic relay switch is connected with a photoelectric signal excitation device through a cable or a power supply signal wire. The horizontal motion device may be cyclically loaded by a horizontal loading test system, such as a HLFL horizontal loading reaction frame of the instrument ltd of yonan chandelian, or other horizontal loading equipment, according to a set force or displacement. When the horizontal motion device is subjected to the action of cyclic load and moves relatively, a photoelectric sensor on one side of the motion device can generate an excitation signal. The excitation signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic relay switch through the lead, so that the electromagnetic relay switch is opened to release the impact hammer.
In the embodiment, in order to observe and capture the change information of the impact parameters such as the falling speed and the falling height of the impact hammer head, the corresponding falling speed signal measuring device is designed. The device comprises a photoelectric signal sensor, a signal receiving sensor, a sensor mounting support and a tower-type support. Firstly, two tower supports are respectively erected on two sides of the experimental movement device in a symmetrical mode and are fixed on the upper end face of the experimental base through high-strength anchoring bolts. Secondly, a plurality of rows of screw holes are arranged along the height direction of the tower-type support, and the relative distance between the rows of screw holes in the height direction is equal. The sensor support is used for mounting a photoelectric signal sensor and a signal receiving sensor, can move along the height of the support in a sliding way, and determines the position of the sensor through the screw hole. The photoelectric signal sensor and the signal receiving sensor are independently arranged on the two symmetrical tower-type supports.
On the other hand, the sensors of the present embodiment need to be arranged in groups: a group of photoelectric signal sensors are used for emitting infrared light signals, and a group of signal receiving sensors are used for receiving the infrared light signals. Photoelectric signal sensors in each group of sensors and signal receiving sensors are positioned at the same height position of the tower-type support. When the impact hammer head passes through the sensor with the corresponding height, the infrared light signal of the sensor is cut off due to the blocking of the hammer head, and the sensor is excited to generate an electric signal to be recorded. Therefore, by comparing and analyzing the change of the electric signal of the sensor with the impact image information recorded by the high-speed dynamic camera, the relevant information such as the height, the falling speed and the like corresponding to the falling moment and a certain observation position of the impact hammer head can be determined. The number of the sensors and the relative distance of each group of sensors along the height can be adjusted according to the requirements of test working conditions.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an impact testing device based on space motion sandwich panel structure which characterized in that: the device comprises an upper mounting clamp plate (1), a lower mounting clamp plate (3), a vertical plane vibration device (A), a horizontal plane motion device (B), an experiment base (6), a signal generating device (7) and a signal receiving device (8);
the signal generating device (7) and the signal receiving device (8) are oppositely arranged and installed on the experiment base (6), the horizontal plane moving device (B) is inserted on the experiment base (6) and located between the signal generating device (7) and the signal receiving device (8), the vertical plane vibrating device (A) is inserted on the horizontal plane moving device (B), the upper installation clamping plate (1) and the lower installation clamping plate (3) are buckled and clamp the composite sandwich plate (2), the lower installation clamping plate (3) is inserted on the vertical plane vibrating device (A), and the impact signal excitation device (9) is installed right above the middle part between the signal generating device (7) and the signal receiving device (8);
the vertical plane vibration device (A) comprises an upper connecting cover plate (A-1), a lower connecting cover plate (A-2), a limiter (A-4) and a plurality of vibration springs (A-3), wherein grooves are formed in the lower connecting cover plate (A-2), the plurality of vibration springs (A-3) are installed in the lower connecting cover plate (A-2), the upper connecting cover plate (A-1) is covered on the plurality of vibration springs (A-3), the upper connecting cover plate (A-1) and the lower connecting cover plate (A-2) are connected through the limiter (A-4), and the upper connecting cover plate (A-1) is located in the limiter (A-4) and can float up and down under the action of the vibration springs (A-3);
the vertical plane vibration device (A) further comprises a vibration installation groove (A-5), a vibration insertion groove (A-6) and a plurality of vibration anti-skid belts (A-7), wherein the vibration installation groove (A-5) is installed on the upper end face of the upper connecting cover plate (A-1), the vibration insertion groove (A-6) is installed on the lower end face of the lower connecting cover plate (A-2), the plurality of vibration anti-skid belts (A-7) are installed on the upper end face of the upper connecting cover plate (A-1), and the plurality of vibration anti-skid belts (A-7) are located in the middle of the vibration installation groove (A-5);
the horizontal plane motion device (B) comprises an upper connecting flat plate (B-1), a lower connecting flat plate (B-2), a plurality of balls (B-3) and a plurality of high-strength springs (B-4), wherein the balls (B-3) are arranged between the upper connecting flat plate (B-1) and the lower connecting flat plate (B-2) in a rolling mode, and the upper connecting flat plate (B-1) and the lower connecting flat plate (B-2) are connected through the high-strength springs (B-4);
the horizontal plane movement device (B) further comprises a horizontal installation groove (B-5), a horizontal insertion groove (B-6) and a horizontal anti-slip belt (B-7), the horizontal installation groove (B-5) is installed on the upper end face of the upper connecting flat plate (B-1), the horizontal insertion groove (B-6) is installed on the lower end face of the lower connecting flat plate (B-2), the horizontal anti-slip belt (B-7) is installed on the upper end face of the upper connecting flat plate (B-1), and the horizontal anti-slip belt (B-7) is located in the middle of the horizontal installation groove (B-5).
2. The impact testing device based on the space movement sandwich plate structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower mounting splint (3) comprises a lower splint (3-1) and a splint sliding groove (3-2), and the splint sliding groove (3-2) is fixedly mounted on the lower end face of the lower splint (3-1).
3. An impact testing device based on a space motion sandwich panel structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the experiment base (6) comprises a concrete bearing platform (6-1), an experiment base plate (6-2), a base mounting groove (6-3) and a plurality of base anti-skid belts (6-4), the experiment base plate (6-2) is mounted on the concrete bearing platform (6-1), the base mounting groove (6-3) is mounted on the experiment base plate (6-2), the base anti-skid belts (6-4) are mounted on the experiment base plate (6-2), and the base anti-skid belts (6-4) are located in the middle of the base mounting groove (6-3).
4. The impact testing device based on the space movement sandwich plate structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the signal generating device (7) comprises a tower-type signal emitting support (7-1), a plurality of photoelectric signal sensors (7-2) and a plurality of first sensor supports (7-3), the tower-type signal emitting support (7-1) is vertically installed on a concrete bearing platform (6-1) of the experiment base (6), and the photoelectric signal sensors (7-2) are installed on the upper portion of the tower-type signal emitting support (7-1) at equal intervals through the first sensor supports (7-3).
5. The impact testing device based on the space movement sandwich plate structure is characterized in that: the signal receiving device (8) comprises a tower-type signal receiving support (8-1), a plurality of signal receiving sensors (8-2) and a plurality of second sensor supports (8-3), the tower-type signal receiving support (8-1) is vertically installed on a concrete bearing platform (6-1) of the experiment base (6), the plurality of signal receiving sensors (8-2) are installed on the upper portion of the tower-type signal receiving support (8-1) at equal intervals through the plurality of second sensor supports (8-3), and each signal receiving sensor (8-2) and the corresponding photoelectric signal sensor (7-2) are located on the same horizontal plane in the horizontal position.
6. An experimental method using the impact testing apparatus based on a space kinematic sandwich plate structure according to any of claims 1-5, wherein: it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: clamping the composite sandwich plate (2) between an upper mounting splint (1) and a lower mounting splint (3), and then inserting the composite sandwich plate into the vertical plane vibration device (A);
step two: arranging a high-speed dynamic camera at a position which can conveniently and simultaneously observe the falling body movement of the impact hammer head and the change process of a photoelectric signal sensor (7-2);
step three: completing the connection and debugging of the impact signal excitation device (9) and the impact hammer head (9-1);
step four: connecting the vertical plane vibration device (A) and the horizontal plane motion device (B), and loading according to a set force or displacement mode;
step five: capturing height and time signals corresponding to different positions of the impact hammer head (9-1) at the falling moment through a signal generating device (7) and a signal receiving device (8);
step six: measuring the impact speed of the impact hammer head (9-1) by combining the test image of the high-speed dynamic camera and the interval and time signals of each sensor in the signal generating device (7) or the signal receiving device (8) in the step five;
step seven: outputting a time course curve of the impact force according to a force sensor on the impact hammer head (9-1);
step eight: measuring the maximum deformation displacement of the composite sandwich plate structure by using a magnetic grating ruler or a photoelectric displacement meter displacement sensor on a drop hammer tester;
step nine: according to the experimental requirement, a strain gauge machine is arranged on the composite sandwich plate (2) to measure the dynamic strain of the composite sandwich plate structure; or the gravity acceleration sensor is attached to the upper mounting splint (1) and the lower mounting splint (3) to measure the dynamic parameters of the vibration acceleration.
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| US6523391B1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2003-02-25 | Variform Inc. | Vertical height impact testing apparatus |
| US6807841B1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-26 | Shia Chung Chen | Detecting method of a drop test and the device thereof |
| CN1300599C (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2007-02-14 | 四川大学 | Seismic vibrating analog method and spring seismic analog vibrating stand |
| CN102865992B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-12-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Detection method and test device for impact damage of composite material laminate |
| CN104677587B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | Pier buffering and vibration isolating type multifunctional test platform based on intelligent magnetic rubber supporting seat |
| CN205038111U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-17 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Concrete experimental apparatus that shocks resistance |
| CN106840566B (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-12-07 | 南京理工大学常熟研究院有限公司 | High speed reciprocating impact-vibration coupling test fixture and quick response feed arrangement |
| CN107941447A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-20 | 青岛理工大学 | Digitize fatigue impact test apparatus and test method |
| CN108534975B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-08-13 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of Sub-Level Caving bastard coal interface identification test system |
| CN110658056A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-07 | 合肥工业大学 | Circular pipe fitting low-speed drop hammer impact test detection device and impact test instrument |
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