AU2014207234A1

AU2014207234A1 - Device for fixing floating bodies

Info

Publication number: AU2014207234A1
Application number: AU2014207234A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Michael Fuhrmann
Original assignee: DUAL DOCKER GmbH
Current assignee: DUAL DOCKER GmbH
Priority date: 2013-01-17
Filing date: 2014-01-09
Publication date: 2015-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2034-01-09
Also published as: RU2604917C1; CN105026253A; CN105026253B; AT515061B1; WO2014110610A1; EP2945850A1; AT515061A1; EP2945850B1; ES2692378T3; AU2014207234B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for fixing floating bodies (1), in particular boats and jetties, to a landing body (2). The device comprises at least two holding trees (5), which are each fixed at one end to the floating body (1) and at the other end to the landing body (2) by means of fittings (3) at respective mooring points (4), wherein the holding trees (5) comprise two sub-trees (6, 7) telescopically movable one inside the other and braced against each other by a spring assembly. In order to produce advantageous anchoring conditions, according to the invention the spring assembly comprises stop members (9) arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction (8) of the tree and elastomeric spring components (10) provided between the stop members (9), and by means of stop lugs (11) that project in the longitudinal direction of the tree the stop members (9) engage over the spring components (10), leaving a receiving space (12) open, the volume of which corresponds at least to the displacement volume of the elastomeric spring components (10) in the stop position of the stop members (9).

Description

1 Device for fixing floating bodies 5 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a device for fixing floating bodies, in particular boats and jetties, to a landing body having at least two holding trees, fixed at one end on the floating body and at the other end on the landing body by means of fittings at respective mooring 10 points, wherein the holding trees comprise two subtrees telescopically displaceable one inside the other and braced against each other by a spring assembly. 2. Description of the Prior Art 15 Floating bodies, in particular jetties, ships, boats, or the like, are typically fixed in har bors or bays by mooring the floating body on the landing body, wherein a floating body is typically docked either longitudinally or transversely in relation to the landing body. If the floating body is docked longitudinally in relation to the landing body, it is moored at the bow and stern on the landing body. If the floating body lies transversely in relation to 20 the landing body, it is moored at the bow or stern on the landing body and the floating body and facing away from the landing body is fixed by means of an anchor or a moor ing line, to avoid undesired drifting away of the ship. Securing in relation to other ships or to the landing body is typically performed by means of fenders or the like. 25 However, it is disadvantageous in this prior art that the floating body always has the risk of an anchor coming loose for the case in which it is fastened at one end on the landing body and is held at the other end using an anchor, and the floating body will thus drift away in an uncontrolled manner. This risk exists in particular in the event of rough sea and has the result that other ships or the floating body itself or the landing body will be 30 damaged by the prevailing wind and wave forces.

2 Therefore, fastening floating bodies by means of holding trees on jetties, harbor walls, or the like is known (WO 2009 015403 Al), wherein the holding trees are fixed in partic ular at least at one end on the respective mooring point so they are rotationally fixed or rotationally springy about an at least approximately vertical axis using a fitting. The 5 spacing of the floating body from the landing body is fixed using the two holding trees, wherein drifting away of the floating body toward the side and diagonally to the rear in the direction of the landing body is suppressed by the rotationally-fixed or rotationally springy fixing of the fittings on one end of the holding trees. The device according to the invention introduces wave and wind forces which act on the floating body directly via the 10 holding trees into the landing body. Implementing the holding trees as telescopic and equipping them with springs which absorb traction or compression forces in the dis placement direction has already been proposed. Therefore, forces and energies acting on the floating body, in particular in the event of greater wind strengths and larger waves, can be cushioned and absorbed, whereby a substantially lower stress of floating 15 bodies and landing bodies is provided. However, it has been shown that the telescopic systems used up to this point either have excessively complex constructions and/or are not sufficiently robustly constructed to function with particularly low maintenance over a long time under the material-hostile conditions, as also prevail in particular on the ocean. 20 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is based on the object, proceeding from prior art of the above-described type, of providing a device for fixing floating bodies of all types, which, with the simplest 25 possible construction, is sufficiently robust to function with particularly low maintenance over a long time. The invention achieves this object in that the spring unit comprises stop bodies ar ranged at a distance in the tree longitudinal direction and elastomer spring bodies pro 30 vided between the stop bodies, and the stop bodies overlap the spring bodies with stop attachments protruding in the tree longitudinal direction, while leaving open a receptacle 3 space, the volume of which at least corresponds to the displacement volume of the elastomer spring bodies in the stop position of the stop bodies. A device is provided by the features according to the invention, which not only has a 5 comparatively simple construction, but rather is also particularly robust and enables low maintenance operation. This is achieved in that a plurality of elastomer spring bodies is provided, which are arranged between the stop bodies. The spring bodies are therefore subject to practically no wear due to excess friction on other parts, in particular also since the spring travels of the individual springs are rather small and the overall spring 10 travel is composed in total of the spring travels of the individual springs. The stop bodies are used in this case as a guide for the elastomer spring bodies, which bulge in a typical manner under the action of compression forces and can be accommodated in the re ceptacle space. Stop bodies and/or spring elements can be equipped with a friction reducing surface on the faces thereof which slide in relation to other parts. In the event 15 of excess strain, the stop bodies come to a stop and prevent destruction of the spring bodies. A strongly progressive spring characteristic curve also results if the volume of the receptacle space at least approximately corresponds to that of the elastomer vol ume displaced under the action of compression forces. Additional securing of the hold ing trees with spring lines or the like is advantageous to be able to dissipate transverse 20 forces via them, because in the ideal case, the holding trees are only to transmit tension and compression forces. To advantageously be able to not only absorb compression or also traction forces which act on the holding tree, it is advantageous for stop bodies and spring bodies to be as 25 sembled into two spring packets, of which one absorbs the traction forces acting on the holding tree in the tree longitudinal direction and the other absorbs compression forces acting on the holding tree in the tree longitudinal direction. This is achieved with respect to structure, for example, in that a spring driver, which is arranged between two spring packets and is fixed on the subtree at least in the tree longitudinal direction, is associat 30 ed with one subtree, which has one support surface on each of two end faces facing 4 away from one another for one of the two spring packets in each case, these spring packets being braced at the other end on the other subtree. In order that the holding tree which is presently not required does not become an ob 5 struction or hazard to ships or to avoid damage during the docking and departure, a fit ting, in particular a device, is associated with one holding tree end, using which the holding tree is pivotably adjustable about an at least approximately horizontal axis against the force of a spring between a coupling location and an idle location, wherein the spring is arranged in the holding tree to act in the tree longitudinal direction and the 10 spring pre-tensions a cable, which engages at the other end on the fitting in a manner overlapping the axis. To provide the most advantageous possible weight compensation in this case, it is advisable to lay the cable around an eccentric formed by the fitting, which is pivotable with the holding tree between the coupling location and idle location. The eccentric takes the circumstance into consideration that the required holding force 15 decreases during pivoting of the holding tree from the horizontal in the direction of its upright idle location. Even if the elastomer spring elements have continuous damping throughout, it can be advantageous or also necessary to provide additional displacement dampers, i.e., 20 damping elements which prevent vibration of the spring mass system toward a resonant frequency. Particularly robust conditions result if the fittings are designed as ball joints. These ball joints can transmit high forces. However, transverse forces are necessarily to be managed in this case by securing the holding trees using spring lines or cables. To be able to fix diverse holding lines and spring lines in an advantageously secure and 25 unyielding manner (without slip), it is advisable to associate cleats with the fittings, which have in the cleat head, which is widened in relation to the cleat neck, at least one receptacle eye for a cable and a groove, which faces toward the receptacle eye with a groove base and tapers toward the groove base. Cables are laid, for example, in the groove, which tapers in a wedge-shaped toward the groove base, and drawn one or 30 more times through the receptacle eye(s) and additionally wound and fixed in a conven- 5 tional manner around the cleat. Slipping of the cable is therefore not a concern even in the event of large loads. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 5 The invention is schematically illustrated in the drawing on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. In the figures: Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention in a cross-section in partial section, Figure 2 shows an enlarged detail of the device from Figure 1, 10 Figure 3 shows a structural variant of a fitting for fixing a holding tree according to the invention in a side view in partial section, Figure 4 shows the device from Figure 2 in a top view in partial section, and Figures 5 and 6 show a further variant of a fitting for fixing a holding tree according to the invention in a side view and a top view. 15 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A device for fixing floating bodies 1, for example, jetties, boats, or the like, on a landing body 2, in particular a pier or the like, comprises two holding trees 5, which are each 20 fixed at one end on the floating body 1 and at the other end on the landing body 2 by means of fittings 3 on respective mooring points 4, comprising two holding trees 6, 7 displaceable telescopically one inside the other and braced against one another by a spring unit. 25 The spring unit comprises stop bodies 9, which are arranged with spacing in the tree longitudinal direction 8, and elastomer spring bodies 10 provided between the stop bod ies 9. In addition, the stop bodies 9 and the spring bodies 10 have stop attachments 11 protruding in the tree longitudinal direction, which overlap the spring bodies 10 while leaving open a receptacle space 12, wherein the volume of the receptacle space 12 at 30 least corresponds to the displacement volume of the elastomer spring bodies 10 in the stop position of the stop bodies 9.

6 The stop bodies 9 and the spring bodies 10 are assembled to form two spring packets 13, 14, of which one absorbs the traction forces acting on the holding tree in the tree longitudinal direction and the other absorbs the compression forces acting on the hold 5 ing tree in the tree longitudinal direction. In particular, a ring-shaped spring driver 16, which is arranged between the two spring packets 13, 14 and is fixed using pins 15 on the holding tree 7 at least in the tree longi tudinal direction 8, is associated with one holding tree 6, which is accommodated and 10 enclosed by the holding tree 7, this spring driver having a support for one of the two spring packets 13, 14 on each of two end faces facing away from one another, these spring packets 13, 14 being braced at the other end on the subtree 8, wherein the spring packet 13 is braced via a further spring element 17 and a spacer sleeve 18 on the tree bottom 19 and the spring packet 14 is braced on a collar 20. 15 The fitting 3 is designed in the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 1 like a ball head guide having a ball head 21. The fact that the ball head 21 can also be exchanged in the arrangement with the receptacle socket is indicated in Figures 4 and 5, in which the ball head is provided on the mooring point side and accordingly the socket is asso 20 ciated with the tree. To provide advantageous, structurally simple, and low maintenance weight compensa tion for the tree or to be able to hold the tree in a properly secured location when it is not needed, it is provided (Figures 2 and 3), that a fitting 3 is associated with one holding 25 tree end, using which the holding tree 5 is pivotably adjustable between a coupling loca tion and an idle location about at least one approximately horizontal axis 22 against the force of a spring 23, a coiled spring. In this case, the spring 23 is arranged acting in the tree longitudinal direction 8 in the tree 5 and pre-tensions a cable 24 in this case, which is fixed, overlapping the axis 22, at the other end on the fitting 3, in particular on the 30 mooring point 4. The cable 24 is laid in this case around an eccentric 25 formed by the 7 fitting 3, which is pivotable with the holding tree 5 between the coupling location and idle location. To enable proper fastening of additionally required guying cables, in particular slip-free s fastening, in particular a cleat 26 is associated with the fittings 3, which has, in the cleat head 28 widened in relation to the cleat neck 27, receptacle eyes 29 for a cable and a groove 31, which faces toward the receptacle eyes 29 with a groove base 30 and tapers toward the groove base 30.

Claims

1. A device for fixing floating bodies (1), in particular boats and jetties, to a landing body (2), having at least two holding trees (5), which are each fixed at one end on the floating body (1) and at the other end on the landing body (2) by means of fittings (3) on respective mooring points (4), the holding trees comprising two subtrees (6, 7) telescop ically displaceable one inside the other and braced against one another by a spring unit, characterized in that the spring unit comprises stop bodies (9) arranged with spacing in the tree longitudinal direction (8) and elastomer spring bodies (10) provided between the stop bodies (9), and the stop bodies (9) overlap the spring bodies (10) with stop at tachments (11) protruding in the tree longitudinal direction while leaving open a recep tacle space (12), the volume of which at least corresponds to the displacement volume of the elastomer spring body (10) in the stop position of the stop bodies (9).

2. The device according to Claim 1, characterized in that stop bodies (9) and spring bodies (10) are assembled to form two spring packets (13, 14), of which one absorbs traction forces acting on the holding tree (5) in the tree longitudinal direction (8) and the other absorbs compression forces acting on the holding tree (5) in the tree longitudinal direction (8).

3. The device according to Claim 2, characterized in that a spring driver (16), which is arranged between the spring packets (13, 14) and is fixed at least in the tree longitu dinal direction (8) on the subtree (7), is associated with one subtree (7), this spring driv er having a support surface on each of two end faces facing away from one another for one of the two spring packets (13, 14), these spring packets (13, 14) being braced at the other end on the other subtree (8).

4. The device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a fitting (3) is associ ated with one holding tree end, using which the holding tree (5) is pivotably adjustable about an at least approximately horizontal axis (22) against the force of a spring (23) 9 between a coupling location and an idle location, wherein the spring (23) is arranged acting in the tree longitudinal direction (8) in the holding tree (5) and the spring (23) pre tensions a cable (24) which engages at the other end on the fitting (3) while overlapping the axis (22).

5. The device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the cable is laid around an eccentric (25) formed by the fitting, which is pivotable with the holding tree (5) between the coupling location and idle location.

6. The device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a dis placement damper is associated with the holding trees (5).

7. The device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fit tings (3) are designed as ball joints.

8. The device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that cleats (26) are associated with the fittings (3), which, in the cleat head (28) widened in relation to the cleat neck (27), have at least one receptacle eye (29) for a cable, and a groove (31), which faces toward the receptacle eye (29) with a groove base (30) and tapers to ward the groove base (30).