ATE211510T1 - Beschichtung enthaltend filme aus diamantartigem kohlenstoff und diamantartigem nanokomposit - Google Patents
Beschichtung enthaltend filme aus diamantartigem kohlenstoff und diamantartigem nanokompositInfo
- Publication number
- ATE211510T1 ATE211510T1 AT98908033T AT98908033T ATE211510T1 AT E211510 T1 ATE211510 T1 AT E211510T1 AT 98908033 T AT98908033 T AT 98908033T AT 98908033 T AT98908033 T AT 98908033T AT E211510 T1 ATE211510 T1 AT E211510T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- diamond
- carbon
- layer
- substrate
- coating containing
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/046—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with at least one amorphous inorganic material layer, e.g. DLC, a-C:H, a-C:Me, the layer being doped or not
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
- A61L27/30—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/303—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
- C23C16/029—Graded interfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/048—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with layers graded in composition or physical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
- C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/043—Sliding surface consisting mainly of ceramics, cermets or hard carbon, e.g. diamond like carbon [DLC]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
- F16C2206/02—Carbon based material
- F16C2206/04—Diamond like carbon [DLC]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
- F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
- F16C2240/64—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings in the nanometer range
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
- Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97200279A EP0856592A1 (de) | 1997-02-04 | 1997-02-04 | Beschichtung enthaltende Filme aus diamantartigem Kohlenstoff und diamantartigem Nanokomposit |
PCT/EP1998/000527 WO1998033948A1 (en) | 1997-02-04 | 1998-01-23 | A coating comprising layers of diamond like carbon and diamond like nanocomposite compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ATE211510T1 true ATE211510T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
Family
ID=8227976
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AT98908033T ATE211510T1 (de) | 1997-02-04 | 1998-01-23 | Beschichtung enthaltend filme aus diamantartigem kohlenstoff und diamantartigem nanokomposit |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6228471B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4256938B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE211510T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2277977C (de) |
DE (1) | DE69803365T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2171010T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (67)
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US6261322B1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2001-07-17 | Hayes Medical, Inc. | Implant with composite coating |
US6827742B2 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2004-12-07 | Daniel E. E. Hayes, Jr. | Bimetal acetabular component construct for hip joint prosthesis |
US6303225B1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-10-16 | Guardian Industries Corporation | Hydrophilic coating including DLC on substrate |
US6749813B1 (en) | 2000-03-05 | 2004-06-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fluid handling devices with diamond-like films |
JP4730753B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-23 | 2011-07-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | ダイヤモンドライクカーボン硬質多層膜および耐摩耗性、耐摺動性に優れた部材 |
DE10018143C5 (de) * | 2000-04-12 | 2012-09-06 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trübbach | DLC-Schichtsystem sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines derartigen Schichtsystems |
DE10026477A1 (de) * | 2000-05-27 | 2001-11-29 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Schutzüberzug für metallische Bauelemente |
WO2002007651A1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-01-31 | Hayes Medical, Inc. | Bimetal tibial component construct for knee joint prosthesis |
US7106939B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2006-09-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical and optoelectronic articles |
CA2457189C (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2011-08-09 | Boston Scientific Limited | Medical devices comprising nanomaterials and therapeutic methods utilizing the same |
US6895855B2 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2005-05-24 | The Timken Company | Hydraulic motors and pumps with engineered surfaces |
US20070031786A1 (en) * | 2002-02-25 | 2007-02-08 | Heil Donald J | Dental handpiece |
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US20070117064A1 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2007-05-24 | Novak Eugene J | Dental handpiece with improved grease retention |
TWI283914B (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2007-07-11 | Toppoly Optoelectronics Corp | Passivation structure |
AU2003286551A1 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2004-05-25 | Terje Skotheim | Thin-film ion conducting membrane |
US6805431B2 (en) | 2002-12-30 | 2004-10-19 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Heater chip with doped diamond-like carbon layer and overlying cavitation layer |
DK1449535T3 (da) * | 2003-02-18 | 2006-09-11 | Clinique La Prairie Res Sa | Præparater der omfatter fötalt hæmoglobin og bakterieendotoksin samt eventuelt fötale leverbestanddele |
WO2004090361A2 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2004-10-21 | The Timken Company | Corrosion tolerant rolling element bearing |
GB0308957D0 (en) | 2003-04-17 | 2003-05-28 | Lillishall Plastics And Engine | Tolerance ring assembly |
US7306778B2 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2007-12-11 | Nanotech Llc | Diamond films and methods of making diamond films |
FR2862436B1 (fr) * | 2003-11-14 | 2006-02-10 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Micro-batterie au lithium munie d'une enveloppe de protection et procede de fabrication d'une telle micro-batterie |
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US7824498B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2010-11-02 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Coating for reducing contamination of substrates during processing |
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EP1883717A1 (de) * | 2005-05-26 | 2008-02-06 | NV Bekaert SA | Kolbenring mit hartem mehrschichtigem überzug |
EP1726682A1 (de) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-11-29 | NV Bekaert SA | Beschichtung, die Filme aus diamantartigem Kohlenstoff und diamantartigem Nanokomposit enthält |
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JP4066440B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-17 | 2008-03-26 | トーヨーエイテック株式会社 | ダイヤモンド様薄膜を備えた医療器具及びその製造方法 |
JP5289307B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-02 | 2013-09-11 | スルザー メタプラス ゲーエムベーハー | 基板ホルダーによる金属汚染を防止する方法 |
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BR102016016715B1 (pt) * | 2016-07-19 | 2022-05-03 | Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina | Processo de revestimento de componente condutor e revestimento de componente condutor |
US10743400B2 (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2020-08-11 | General Electric Company | Electron stripper foils and particle accelerators having the same |
KR102399149B1 (ko) | 2017-12-15 | 2022-05-19 | 생-고뱅 퍼포먼스 플라스틱스 렌콜 리미티드 | 구성 요소 변위 제어를 위한 환형 부재, 방법 및 어셈블리 |
US10705273B2 (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-07-07 | Raytheon Company | Multispectral interference coating with diamond-like carbon (DLC) film |
US11639543B2 (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2023-05-02 | Thin Film Service, Inc. | Tetrahedral amorphous hydrogenated carbon and amorphous siloxane diamond-like nanocomposite |
CN113896922B (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | 一种自润滑高耐磨涂层和聚氨酯密封圈及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0666471B2 (ja) | 1985-04-20 | 1994-08-24 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 薄膜トランジスタ |
US5352493A (en) | 1991-05-03 | 1994-10-04 | Veniamin Dorfman | Method for forming diamond-like nanocomposite or doped-diamond-like nanocomposite films |
BE1008229A3 (nl) | 1993-10-29 | 1996-02-20 | Vito | Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een tegen slijtage beschermende laag op een substraat. |
DE19544498C2 (de) | 1994-12-10 | 1997-10-30 | Antec Angewandte Neue Technolo | Verfahren zur plasmaunterstützten Abscheidung von dünnen Schichten |
WO1997040207A1 (en) | 1996-04-22 | 1997-10-30 | N.V. Bekaert S.A. | Diamond-like nanocomposite compositions |
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 AT AT98908033T patent/ATE211510T1/de active
- 1998-01-23 ES ES98908033T patent/ES2171010T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-23 US US09/341,704 patent/US6228471B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-23 JP JP53254298A patent/JP4256938B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-23 CA CA002277977A patent/CA2277977C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-23 DE DE69803365T patent/DE69803365T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2277977A1 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
JP2001509841A (ja) | 2001-07-24 |
CA2277977C (en) | 2006-10-31 |
DE69803365D1 (de) | 2002-02-28 |
ES2171010T3 (es) | 2002-08-16 |
JP4256938B2 (ja) | 2009-04-22 |
US6228471B1 (en) | 2001-05-08 |
DE69803365T2 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
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