ATE112496T1 - Iontophoretisches verabreichungssystem und verfahren zu seiner herstellung. - Google Patents
Iontophoretisches verabreichungssystem und verfahren zu seiner herstellung.Info
- Publication number
- ATE112496T1 ATE112496T1 AT92908542T AT92908542T ATE112496T1 AT E112496 T1 ATE112496 T1 AT E112496T1 AT 92908542 T AT92908542 T AT 92908542T AT 92908542 T AT92908542 T AT 92908542T AT E112496 T1 ATE112496 T1 AT E112496T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- agent
- vol
- typically
- iontophoretic delivery
- case
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/20—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes continuous direct currents
- A61N1/30—Apparatus for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body, or cataphoresis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
- A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
- A61N1/0432—Anode and cathode
- A61N1/0436—Material of the electrode
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
- A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
- A61N1/0448—Drug reservoir
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US66771491A | 1991-03-11 | 1991-03-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ATE112496T1 true ATE112496T1 (de) | 1994-10-15 |
Family
ID=24679337
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AT92908542T ATE112496T1 (de) | 1991-03-11 | 1992-03-09 | Iontophoretisches verabreichungssystem und verfahren zu seiner herstellung. |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5543098A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0575508B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH06505413A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE112496T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1586692A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69200506T2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0575508T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2065181T3 (de) |
IE (1) | IE920763A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX9201029A (de) |
PT (1) | PT100215A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1992015365A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA921736B (de) |
Families Citing this family (84)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5322520A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1994-06-21 | Implemed, Inc. | Iontophoretic structure for medical devices |
US6060000A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 2000-05-09 | Implemed, Inc. | Iontophoretic material containing carbon and metal granules |
FR2722993B1 (fr) * | 1994-07-26 | 1996-09-27 | Elf Aquitaine | Dispositif d'ionophorese comportant au moins un ensemble electrode a electrode composite reversible |
JPH08155041A (ja) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-06-18 | Advance Co Ltd | イオントフォレシス用新規高能率電極システム |
CN1147329C (zh) * | 1995-06-05 | 2004-04-28 | 阿尔萨公司 | 用于经皮肤电输送芬太尼和苏芬太尼的装置 |
WO1997011744A1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-03 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Low-cost electrodes for an iontophoretic device |
CA2242753A1 (en) | 1996-01-30 | 1997-08-07 | Novagent Oy | Composition for transdermal delivery of drugs |
JP3459724B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-17 | 2003-10-27 | 久光製薬株式会社 | イオントフォレーシス用電極デバイス |
CA2250195C (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 2004-08-17 | Implemed, Inc. | Iontophoretic material |
FI962461A (fi) * | 1996-06-13 | 1997-12-14 | Novagent Oy | Menetelmä ja farmaseuttinen kompositio ihon läpi tehtävään lääkkeen antoon |
US6246904B1 (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 2001-06-12 | Alza Corporation | Electrotransport drug delivery reservoirs containing inert fillers |
AU9794798A (en) | 1997-10-09 | 1999-05-03 | Emory University | Method and devices for transdermal delivery of lithium |
CN1147330C (zh) * | 1998-01-28 | 2004-04-28 | 阿尔扎有限公司 | 用于电传输装置的电化学反应性阴极 |
EP0962233A1 (de) * | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-08 | Sport-Elec S.A. | Elektrodeneinheit zur Elektrotherapie |
US6192270B1 (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2001-02-20 | Genetronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for the delivery of drugs and genes into tissue |
US6424862B1 (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2002-07-23 | Gmp Drug Delivery, Inc. | Iontophoresis electroporation and combination patches for local drug delivery to body tissues |
KR20020048425A (ko) * | 1999-09-30 | 2002-06-22 | 해리 제이. 레온 하르트 | 마이크로전자 어레이 상의 생체분자 부착 부위 |
US6303082B1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-10-16 | Nanogen, Inc. | Permeation layer attachment chemistry and method |
US6629968B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-10-07 | Vyteris, Inc. | Shelf storage stable iontophoresis reservoir-electrode and iontophoretic system incorporating the reservoir-electrode |
DE20109614U1 (de) | 2001-03-05 | 2001-09-06 | Zimmermann, Johann, Dipl.-Ing., 88281 Schlier | Elektrode für das Sammeln von Körpersäften und dem Verabreichen von Wirkstoffen/Arzneien durch die Haut,transdermal ohne die Haut zu penetrieren, und dies bei Mensch und Tier |
US20140163060A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2014-06-12 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Films and Drug Delivery Systems Made Therefrom |
WO2003037425A1 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-08 | R & R Ventures Incorporation | Iontophoresis device |
US7349733B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2008-03-25 | Ceramatel, Inc. | Iontophoretic drug delivery systems |
US6960298B2 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2005-11-01 | Nanogen, Inc. | Mesoporous permeation layers for use on active electronic matrix devices |
US6815123B2 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2004-11-09 | Policell Technologies, Inc. | Lithium-ion battery using heat-activatable microporous membrane |
US6998193B2 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2006-02-14 | Policell Technologies, Inc. | Microporous membrane and its uses thereof |
US6527955B1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-03-04 | Policell Technologies, Inc. | Heat-activatable microporous membrane and its uses in batteries |
US6775570B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2004-08-10 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Iontophoretic treatment device |
US7047069B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2006-05-16 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Iontophoretic fluid delivery device |
DE10205373B4 (de) * | 2002-02-09 | 2007-07-19 | Aloys Wobben | Brandschutz |
US20040009398A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-01-15 | Dorfman Jay Robert | Zinc polymer thick film composition |
IL152573A (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2009-11-18 | Transpharma Medical Ltd | A system for the transmission through the skin of a medical preparation against vomiting and nausea |
IL152574A (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2009-09-22 | Transpharma Medical Ltd | A system for passing through the skin of dry items or dried medicines |
US8133505B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2012-03-13 | Transpharma Medical Ltd. | Transdermal delivery system for dried particulate or lyophilized medications |
US7383084B2 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2008-06-03 | Transpharma Medical Ltd. | Transdermal delivery system for dried particulate or lyophilized medications |
US7662404B2 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2010-02-16 | Transpharma Medical Ltd. | Transdermal delivery system for dried particulate or lyophilized peptides and polypeptides |
IL152575A (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2008-12-29 | Transpharma Medical Ltd | A skin-to-skin transmission system of water-insoluble drugs |
IL159273A0 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2004-06-01 | Transpharma Medical Ltd | Transdermal delivery system for sustained release of polypeptides |
JP4728631B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2011-07-20 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | イオントフォレーシス装置 |
US7590444B2 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2009-09-15 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Iontophoresis device |
JP4731931B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-03 | 2011-07-27 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | イオントフォレーシス装置 |
JP4793806B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-22 | 2011-10-12 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | イオントフォレーシス装置 |
JP2006346368A (ja) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-28 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc | イオントフォレーシス装置及びその製造方法 |
US20070027426A1 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-02-01 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc. | Iontophoresis device to deliver active agents to biological interfaces |
WO2007010900A1 (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-25 | Transcu Ltd. | 貼付位置表示機能付き経皮吸収用パッチ及びイオントフォレーシス装置 |
JP2007037868A (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc | 経皮投与装置及びその制御方法 |
US8386030B2 (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2013-02-26 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Iontophoresis device |
US8295922B2 (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2012-10-23 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Iontophoresis device |
US20070088331A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-04-19 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for managing active agent usage, and active agent injecting device |
US20070060860A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-03-15 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc. | Iontophoresis device |
JPWO2007023907A1 (ja) * | 2005-08-24 | 2009-02-26 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | 冷凍型イオントフォレーシス用電極構造体 |
JPWO2007026671A1 (ja) * | 2005-08-29 | 2009-03-05 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | センサからの情報により投与すべき薬剤の選定を行うイオントフォレーシス装置 |
JPWO2007029611A1 (ja) * | 2005-09-06 | 2009-03-19 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | イオントフォレーシス装置 |
WO2007032446A1 (ja) | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-22 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | ロッド型イオントフォレーシス装置 |
KR20080056200A (ko) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-06-20 | 티티아이 엘뷰 가부시키가이샤 | 카테터형 이온토포레시스 장치 |
WO2007041526A2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-12 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc. | Iontophoresis apparatus and method to deliver antibiotics to biological interfaces |
EP1944057A4 (de) * | 2005-09-30 | 2009-02-18 | Tti Ellebeau Inc | Iontophorese-gerät zur kontrolle der dosis und zeit der verabreichung eines schlafinduzierenden und analeptischen mittels |
US20070093787A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-26 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc. | Iontophoresis device to deliver multiple active agents to biological interfaces |
WO2007041118A1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-12 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Iontophoretic device and method of delivery of active agents to biological interface |
US20090299265A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2009-12-03 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Electrode Assembly for Iontophoresis Having Shape-Memory Separator and Iontophoresis Device Using the Same |
US20070197955A1 (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-08-23 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc. | Mucous membrane adhesion-type iontophoresis device |
JP4804904B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-09 | 2011-11-02 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | イオントフォレーシス装置包装品 |
US20080033338A1 (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2008-02-07 | Smith Gregory A | Electroosmotic pump apparatus and method to deliver active agents to biological interfaces |
WO2007079190A2 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-07-12 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Device and method for enhancing immune response by electrical stimulation |
WO2007092101A2 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-08-16 | Boston Scientific Limited | Foam electrode for tissue resection |
WO2007123707A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-11-01 | Tti Ellebeau, Inc. | Controlled release membrane and methods of use |
US8497017B2 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2013-07-30 | Bactiguard Ab | Polymer matrix, uses thereof and a method of manufacturing the same |
MX2008016186A (es) * | 2006-07-05 | 2009-01-20 | Tti Ellebeau Inc | Dispositivo de suministro que tiene polimeros dendriticos autoensamblables y metodo de uso del mismo. |
US7687103B2 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2010-03-30 | Gamida For Life B.V. | Compositions and methods for preserving permeation layers for use on active electronic matrix devices |
JP2010502293A (ja) * | 2006-09-05 | 2010-01-28 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | 誘導型電源を用いる経皮薬物送達システム、装置及び方法 |
TW200838576A (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2008-10-01 | Transcu Ltd | Systems, devices and methods for powering and/or controlling transdermal delivery devices |
US20080177219A1 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2008-07-24 | Joshi Ashok V | Method for Iontophoretic Fluid Delivery |
US20080188791A1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-07 | Difiore Attilio E | Active iontophoresis delivery system |
US8197844B2 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2012-06-12 | Activatek, Inc. | Active electrode for transdermal medicament administration |
US8862223B2 (en) | 2008-01-18 | 2014-10-14 | Activatek, Inc. | Active transdermal medicament patch and circuit board for same |
EP2320885B1 (de) * | 2008-06-25 | 2016-10-19 | Fe3 Medical, Inc | Pflaster zur transdermalen abgabe einer therapeutisch wirksamen eisen-menge |
AR074047A1 (es) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-12-22 | Transcu Ltd | Sistemas, dispositivos, y metodos para suministrar energia a dispositivos, por ejemplo dispositivos de administracion transdermica y/o para controlarlos |
BRPI0918060A2 (pt) * | 2008-09-10 | 2015-12-01 | Transcu Ltd | aparelho e método de distribuição de líquidos viscosos a base de hpc em substratos porosos, por exemplo, processo contínuo a base de tecido. |
JP5769421B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-28 | 2015-08-26 | 大塚製薬株式会社 | 羅漢果抽出物及びスクラロースを含有する低カロリー飲料組成物 |
CA3152896C (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2024-04-23 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Interventional drug delivery system and associated methods |
US8821945B2 (en) | 2009-04-25 | 2014-09-02 | Fe3 Medical, Inc. | Method for transdermal iontophoretic delivery of chelated agents |
JP2012529353A (ja) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-11-22 | Tti・エルビュー株式会社 | 長寿命高容量電極、装置および製造方法 |
FR2983075B1 (fr) * | 2011-11-24 | 2014-08-15 | Ab7 Innovation | Procede de chargement de plaquette polymere en solution medicamenteuse ionisee amphiphile pour administration transdermique par iontophorese |
EP3129012A4 (de) | 2014-04-08 | 2017-10-11 | Teikoku Pharma USA, Inc. | Transdermale rivastigminzusammensetzungen und verfahren zur verwendung davon |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE410009C (de) * | 1923-12-25 | 1925-02-21 | Willi Reiche Dipl Ing | Sprungwellenschutz fuer die Induktionswicklungen elektrischer Apparate und Maschinen |
BE399044A (de) * | 1933-09-09 | |||
CA1008623A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1977-04-19 | Gould Inc. | Process and apparatus for manufacture of an electrode |
US3991755A (en) * | 1973-07-27 | 1976-11-16 | Medicon, Inc. | Iontophoresis apparatus for applying local anesthetics |
US4141359A (en) * | 1976-08-16 | 1979-02-27 | University Of Utah | Epidermal iontophoresis device |
US4250878A (en) * | 1978-11-22 | 1981-02-17 | Motion Control, Inc. | Non-invasive chemical species delivery apparatus and method |
JPS56501274A (de) * | 1979-10-10 | 1981-09-10 | ||
DE2941774C2 (de) * | 1979-10-16 | 1985-03-21 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer kunststoffgebundenen Aktivkohleschicht für dünne Gasdiffusionselektroden |
US4367745A (en) * | 1980-05-27 | 1983-01-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Conformable electrically conductive compositions |
US4383529A (en) * | 1980-11-03 | 1983-05-17 | Wescor, Inc. | Iontophoretic electrode device, method and gel insert |
JPS5810066A (ja) * | 1981-07-10 | 1983-01-20 | 株式会社アドバンス | イオントフオレ−ゼ用プラスタ−構造体 |
US5087240A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1992-02-11 | Drug Delivery Systems Inc. | Transdermal drug patch with conductive fibers |
US4921475A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1990-05-01 | Drug Delivery Systems Inc. | Transdermal drug patch with microtubes |
US4640689A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1987-02-03 | Drug Delivery Systems Inc. | Transdermal drug applicator and electrodes therefor |
CA1262564A (en) * | 1983-09-01 | 1989-10-31 | Minoru Sasaki | Iontophoresis device |
US4904247A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1990-02-27 | Kendall Company | Pressure-sensitive hydrophilic laminate structures for use in wound dressing, transdermal and topical drug delivery |
US4747819A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1988-05-31 | Medtronic, Inc. | Iontophoretic drug delivery |
US4744787A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1988-05-17 | Medtronic, Inc. | Iontophoresis apparatus and methods of producing same |
US4702732A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-10-27 | Trustees Of Boston University | Electrodes, electrode assemblies, methods, and systems for tissue stimulation and transdermal delivery of pharmacologically active ligands |
US4752285B1 (en) * | 1986-03-19 | 1995-08-22 | Univ Utah Res Found | Methods and apparatus for iontophoresis application of medicaments |
IE60941B1 (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1994-09-07 | Elan Transdermal Ltd | Transdermal drug delivery device |
US4731049A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-03-15 | Ionics, Incorporated | Cell for electrically controlled transdermal drug delivery |
US5032109A (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1991-07-16 | Drug Delivery Systems Inc. | Electrolytic transdermal delivery of polypeptides |
US4957593A (en) * | 1989-03-07 | 1990-09-18 | University Of Connecticut | Modified composite electrodes with renewable surface for electrochemical applications and method of making same |
US5084006A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-01-28 | Alza Corporation | Iontopheretic delivery device |
US5147297A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-09-15 | Alza Corporation | Iontophoretic delivery device |
US5236647A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1993-08-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrostatic dissipative material and process relating thereto |
-
1992
- 1992-03-09 AU AU15866/92A patent/AU1586692A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-09 ZA ZA921736A patent/ZA921736B/xx unknown
- 1992-03-09 ES ES92908542T patent/ES2065181T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-09 DE DE69200506T patent/DE69200506T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-09 IE IE076392A patent/IE920763A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-09 MX MX9201029A patent/MX9201029A/es unknown
- 1992-03-09 DK DK92908542.1T patent/DK0575508T3/da active
- 1992-03-09 PT PT100215A patent/PT100215A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-09 EP EP92908542A patent/EP0575508B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-09 JP JP4508302A patent/JPH06505413A/ja active Pending
- 1992-03-09 WO PCT/US1992/001858 patent/WO1992015365A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-03-09 AT AT92908542T patent/ATE112496T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-02-17 US US08/197,665 patent/US5543098A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-01-26 US US08/592,083 patent/US5618265A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69200506T2 (de) | 1995-02-02 |
JPH06505413A (ja) | 1994-06-23 |
DK0575508T3 (da) | 1994-11-14 |
ZA921736B (en) | 1992-11-25 |
US5618265A (en) | 1997-04-08 |
IE920763A1 (en) | 1992-09-23 |
AU1586692A (en) | 1992-10-06 |
EP0575508B1 (de) | 1994-10-05 |
US5543098A (en) | 1996-08-06 |
DE69200506D1 (de) | 1994-11-10 |
WO1992015365A1 (en) | 1992-09-17 |
ES2065181T3 (es) | 1995-02-01 |
MX9201029A (es) | 1992-09-01 |
PT100215A (pt) | 1994-04-29 |
EP0575508A1 (de) | 1993-12-29 |
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