AT400916B - BOWL SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Description

AT 400 916 B

The invention relates to a bowl separator with screening devices and a roller separator that functions according to the principle of an electric separator for classifying the grain size and separating the husks from sunflower seeds.

A large number of separators and separating devices for oilseeds are known to experts.

DE 21 66 149 A discloses a separator for a device for peeling rapeseed. Wind sifters and plastic-coated rollers, which are arranged in pairs to form brush rollers, are used; finally, a vacuum separator is connected downstream.

DE 21 35 173 A describes a shell separation for rapeseed consisting of a roller cascade. These principles are not suitable for the separation of sunflower seeds, since there is a lot of core breakage during the peeling and the peels are not completely loosened.

For this reason, other principles have been applied to the separation of sunflower seeds.

DD 108 042 A describes a peeling and separating device that is based on the principle of corona separation. It is assumed that a classification of the peeled seeds would not be necessary and that dust separation could also be omitted.

In practice, however, this peeling and stripping variant has not proven to be functional, the separation was poor, the proportion of peels in the core product was well over 15%.

On the centrifugal peeler according to DE 28 34 217 A, such shell portions.

DE 24 38 706 A describes a complex peeling and separation process which is characterized by a hydrothermal pressure treatment, subsequent drying in a high-frequency field and by the addition of antioxidants and synergists.

Finally, a whole series of vibrating screens for separating shells from seed mixtures are known (for example DE 1 431 430 C). However, the separation here only works satisfactorily if there are precisely defined proportions and, above all, size differences between shells and cores. EP 81 072 A discloses a vibrating trough with a fluidizing device for separating a bulk material mixture. Is separated due to density differences. In order to ensure proper functioning, a size classification would first have to be made. This problem is solved in EP 162 014 A, but a very complex and energy-intensive device has been created.

DD 217 999 A1 describes a method and a device for electrostatically separating trays of oilseed, in particular a so-called roller separator, which is suitable in connection with a corona electrode arrangement for separating the desired seed fraction.

The DD 108 042 A puts the electric separator principle under protection, whereby so-called roller cutters (roller pairs) are assigned to the electric separators.

No. 4,785,726 A shows the acceptance technology of soybeans, in the first stage they are passed over a vibrating sieve in order to separate soybeans and loose shells from stones, stems and crushed fractions as well as from weeds and small beans and broken beans. After that, clean beans and loose skins pass through a classifier, also called an air classifier, in the form of a suction fan in order to separate the more acidic beans from loose skins.

The bowl separators of the type mentioned at the outset are based on the problem of creating a plant for bowl separation for peeled sunflower seeds which, due to its small size compared to known solutions, uses less electrical energy and a degree of separation of < 12% shell content in the core product.

The problem is solved in that two independently free-swinging, inclined and one above the other, with interchangeable sieve trays equipped sieve boxes, which have three suits, which are arranged at the front and rear end of the upper and at the rear end of the lower sieve box, a completely encapsulated Roller separator, which is designed in a double, opposite design, is assigned and that the deduction of the front end of the upper screen box and the rear end of the lower screen box is assigned to one of the two electrical separators and the deduction of the rear end of the upper screen box to the opposite electrical separator.

The essence of the invention can be seen in the special arrangement and combination of individual device parts to one another and in the special assignment of the deductions of the sieve boxes to the electrical separators.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the diagrams of the shell separator shown in the figure.

Two inclined, independent, free-swinging sieve boxes 1 are mounted in a closed design on a screwed profile steel frame. The upper sieve box 1.1 and the lower sieve box 1.2 have individual V-belt drives on unbalanced shafts. The sieve drawers 2 are covered with sieves with a perforation of 3.0 x 22.0 mm. On the upper sieve box 1.1 are immediately behind the inlet 2

Claims (1)

AT 400 916 B 3 and at the rear, lower end and the lower sieve box 1.2 at the rear end, deductions, which open into the inlet funnel 4, are assigned. The inlet funnels 4 belong to a double electric separator constructed in mirror image. The roller 5 of the double electric separator 6 is assigned a hopper 7 with dividers 8 below the electrode holder 6. How it works: After peeling the sunflower seeds, the peeling mixture passes through the inlet 3 into the sieve boxes 1. Within the sieve boxes 1, the mixture is divided into three fractions. The coarse fraction is separated into the coarse shells (GS) and unshelled kernels (UK) that emerge at the bottom in the double electro-separator, the function of which is exactly described in DD 108 042 A. On the other side of the double electric separator, the middle fraction is broken down into small shells (KS), small cores (KK) and an intermediate fraction (KZ). The small fraction, which essentially consists only of sunflower flour, is mixed into the small core product (KK) within the machine. 1. Shell separator with sieve devices and on the electric separator functioning roller separator for grain size classification and husk separation in sunflower seeds, characterized in that two independently free, inclined and one above the other, with interchangeable sieve trays (2) equipped sieve boxes (1), the three deductions, the are arranged at the front and rear end of the upper and at the rear end of the lower screen box (1.2), have a completely encapsulated roller separator, which is designed in a double, opposite design, is assigned and that the deduction of the front end of the upper screen box (1.1 ) and the rear end of the lower sieve box (1.2) is assigned to one of the two electrical separators and the deduction of the rear end of the upper sieve box (1.2) to the opposite electrical separator. With 1 sheet of drawings 3