AR091422A1 - Analogos peptidicos de la exendina 4 - Google Patents

Analogos peptidicos de la exendina 4

Info

Publication number
AR091422A1
AR091422A1 ARP130102066A AR091422A1 AR 091422 A1 AR091422 A1 AR 091422A1 AR P130102066 A ARP130102066 A AR P130102066A AR 091422 A1 AR091422 A1 AR 091422A1
Authority
AR
Argentina
Prior art keywords
exendina
peptidic analogs
analogs
peptidic
exendin
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
English (en)
Original Assignee
Sanofi Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanofi Sa filed Critical Sanofi Sa
Publication of AR091422A1 publication Critical patent/AR091422A1/es

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22—Hormones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22—Hormones
    • A61K38/26—Glucagons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22—Hormones
    • A61K38/28—Insulins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/575—Hormones
    • C07K14/605—Glucagons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Endocrinology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Diabetes (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Obesity (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Addiction (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)

Abstract

La presente se refiere a análogos peptídicos de la exendina 4 y su uso médico, por ejemplo, para el tratamiento de trastornos del síndrome metabólico, entre ellos la diabetes y la obesidad, así como para reducir la ingestión de alimentos en exceso.
ARP130102066 2012-06-14 2013-06-12 Analogos peptidicos de la exendina 4 AR091422A1 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12172010 2012-06-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AR091422A1 true AR091422A1 (es) 2015-02-04

Family

ID=48699003

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ARP130102066 AR091422A1 (es) 2012-06-14 2013-06-12 Analogos peptidicos de la exendina 4

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US9181305B2 (es)
JP (1) JP2015525226A (es)
KR (1) KR20150023690A (es)
CN (1) CN104583234A (es)
AR (1) AR091422A1 (es)
AU (1) AU2013276610A1 (es)
CA (1) CA2875743A1 (es)
EA (1) EA201590011A1 (es)
IL (1) IL236120A0 (es)
IN (1) IN2014KN02830A (es)
MX (1) MX2014015423A (es)
SG (1) SG11201407860PA (es)
TW (1) TW201410703A (es)
UY (1) UY34859A (es)
WO (1) WO2013186240A2 (es)

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
UA116217C2 (uk) 2012-10-09 2018-02-26 Санофі Пептидна сполука як подвійний агоніст рецепторів glp1-1 та глюкагону
AR094180A1 (es) 2012-12-21 2015-07-15 Sanofi Sa Derivados de exendina-4
WO2015081891A1 (en) 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 Baikang (Suzhou) Co., Ltd Bioreversable promoieties for nitrogen-containing and hydroxyl-containing drugs
EP3080150B1 (en) 2013-12-13 2018-08-01 Sanofi Exendin-4 peptide analogues as dual glp-1/gip receptor agonists
EP3080149A1 (en) 2013-12-13 2016-10-19 Sanofi Dual glp-1/glucagon receptor agonists
WO2015086729A1 (en) 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 Sanofi Dual glp-1/gip receptor agonists
EP3080152A1 (en) 2013-12-13 2016-10-19 Sanofi Non-acylated exendin-4 peptide analogues
TW201625670A (zh) * 2014-04-07 2016-07-16 賽諾菲公司 衍生自ｅｘｅｎｄｉｎ－４之雙重ｇｌｐ－１／升糖素受體促效劑
TW201625669A (zh) * 2014-04-07 2016-07-16 賽諾菲公司 衍生自艾塞那肽－４（Ｅｘｅｎｄｉｎ－４）之肽類雙重ＧＬＰ－１／升糖素受體促效劑
TW201625668A (zh) 2014-04-07 2016-07-16 賽諾菲公司 作為胜肽性雙重ｇｌｐ－１／昇糖素受體激動劑之艾塞那肽－４衍生物
US9932381B2 (en) 2014-06-18 2018-04-03 Sanofi Exendin-4 derivatives as selective glucagon receptor agonists
AR105319A1 (es) 2015-06-05 2017-09-27 Sanofi Sa Profármacos que comprenden un conjugado agonista dual de glp-1 / glucagón conector ácido hialurónico
WO2016198628A1 (en) 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 Sanofi Non-acylated exendin-4 derivatives as dual glp-1/glucagon receptor agonists
WO2016198604A1 (en) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 Sanofi Exendin-4 derivatives as dual glp-1 /glucagon receptor agonists
WO2016198624A1 (en) 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 Sanofi Exendin-4 derivatives as trigonal glp-1/glucagon/gip receptor agonists
AR105284A1 (es) 2015-07-10 2017-09-20 Sanofi Sa Derivados de exendina-4 como agonistas peptídicos duales específicos de los receptores de glp-1 / glucagón
TW201821434A (zh) 2016-10-10 2018-06-16 法商賽諾菲公司 製備包含親脂性修飾的離胺酸側鏈的肽的方法
SI4122954T1 (sl) 2018-04-05 2024-07-31 Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited Novi analogi GLP-1
AU2019250359A1 (en) * 2018-04-10 2020-11-26 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method for cleavage of solid phase-bound peptides from the solid phase
WO2021034727A1 (en) 2019-08-16 2021-02-25 Applied Molecular Transport Inc. Compositions, formulations, and interleukin production and purification
CN110551203B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2023-02-10 成都奥达生物科技有限公司 一种艾塞那肽类似物
CN112409460B (zh) * 2020-11-27 2022-02-01 江苏师范大学 一类glp-1/胰高血糖素受体双重激动剂及其应用

Family Cites Families (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5424286A (en) 1993-05-24 1995-06-13 Eng; John Exendin-3 and exendin-4 polypeptides, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same
DE69739172D1 (de) 1996-08-08 2009-01-29 Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc Regulation gastrointestinaler beweglichkeit
ES2247676T3 (es) 1997-01-07 2006-03-01 Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Uso de las exendinas y de los agonistas de las mismas para la reduccion de la ingesta alimenticia.
AU3247799A (en) 1998-02-27 1999-09-15 Novo Nordisk A/S Glp-1 derivatives of glp-1 and exendin with protracted profile of action
EP1546200A2 (en) * 2002-10-02 2005-06-29 Zealand Pharma A/S Stabilized exendin-4 compounds
GB0511986D0 (en) * 2005-06-13 2005-07-20 Imp College Innovations Ltd Novel compounds and their effects on feeding behaviour
WO2006134340A2 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-21 Imperial Innovations Limited Oxyntomodulin analogues and their effects on feeding behaviour
WO2007139941A2 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-12-06 Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Composition and methods for treatment of congestive heart failure
EP2057189B1 (en) 2006-08-25 2013-03-06 Novo Nordisk A/S Acylated exendin-4 compounds
TWI428346B (zh) 2006-12-13 2014-03-01 Imp Innovations Ltd 新穎化合物及其等對進食行為影響
US20090098130A1 (en) * 2007-01-05 2009-04-16 Bradshaw Curt W Glucagon-like protein-1 receptor (glp-1r) agonist compounds
CA2677932A1 (en) 2007-02-15 2008-08-21 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation Glucagon/glp-1 receptor co-agonists
DK2158214T3 (da) 2007-06-15 2011-12-05 Zealand Pharma As Glukagonanaloger
WO2009035540A2 (en) 2007-09-07 2009-03-19 Ipsen Pharma S.A.S. Analogues of exendin-4 and exendin-3
PE20100255A1 (es) 2008-06-17 2010-04-25 Univ Indiana Res & Tech Corp Co-agonistas del receptor de glucagon/glp-1
DK2370461T3 (da) 2008-12-15 2013-12-16 Zealand Pharma As Glucagonanaloger
JP5635530B2 (ja) 2008-12-15 2014-12-03 ジーランド ファーマ アクティーゼルスカブ グルカゴン類似体
DK2370462T3 (da) 2008-12-15 2014-09-08 Zealand Pharma As Glucagon-analoger
CN102282167B (zh) 2008-12-15 2014-08-13 西兰制药公司 胰高血糖素类似物
WO2010096052A1 (en) 2009-02-19 2010-08-26 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Oxyntomodulin analogs
US9156901B2 (en) 2009-07-13 2015-10-13 Ditte Riber Acylated glucagon analogues
US20120148586A1 (en) 2009-08-27 2012-06-14 Joyce Ching Tsu Chou Glucagon-like protein-1 receptor (glp-1r) agonists for treating autoimmune disorders
EP2512503A4 (en) 2009-12-18 2013-08-21 Univ Indiana Res & Tech Corp COAGONISTS OF GLUCAGON / GLP-1 RECEPTOR
MX2012008603A (es) 2010-01-27 2013-01-25 Univ Indiana Res & Tech Corp Conjugados de antagonista de glucagon-agonista de gip y composiciones para el tratamiento de desordenes metabolicos y obesidad.
JP6054861B2 (ja) 2010-03-26 2016-12-27 ノヴォ ノルディスク アー／エス 新規のグルカゴン類似体
AR080592A1 (es) 2010-03-26 2012-04-18 Lilly Co Eli Peptido con actividad para el gip-r y glp-1-r, formulacion famaceutica que lo comprende, su uso para preparar un medicamento util para el tratamiento de diabetes mellitus y para inducir la perdida de peso
ES2661228T3 (es) * 2010-05-13 2018-03-28 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation Péptidos de la superfamilia de glucagón que muestran actividad de receptor nuclear de hormona
US20130059093A1 (en) 2010-05-31 2013-03-07 Jtekt Corporation Method of producing coated member
US9252665B2 (en) 2010-06-01 2016-02-02 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. DC-DC converter control apparatus
UY33462A (es) 2010-06-23 2012-01-31 Zealand Pharma As Analogos de glucagon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2875743A1 (en) 2013-12-19
WO2013186240A3 (en) 2014-04-10
SG11201407860PA (en) 2014-12-30
KR20150023690A (ko) 2015-03-05
US9181305B2 (en) 2015-11-10
TW201410703A (zh) 2014-03-16
IL236120A0 (en) 2015-01-29
UY34859A (es) 2014-01-31
WO2013186240A2 (en) 2013-12-19
AU2013276610A1 (en) 2015-01-15
EA201590011A1 (ru) 2015-05-29
JP2015525226A (ja) 2015-09-03
US20130336893A1 (en) 2013-12-19
MX2014015423A (es) 2015-04-09
IN2014KN02830A (es) 2015-05-08
CN104583234A (zh) 2015-04-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AR091422A1 (es) Analogos peptidicos de la exendina 4
CR20150358A (es) Derivados de exendina-4 fucionalizada
CR20150200A (es) Derivados de exendina-4 como agonistas duales de glp1/glucacón
AR098738A1 (es) Análogos del péptido exendina-4 no acilados
ECSP19046893A (es) Nuevos compuestos como agonistas peptídicos trigonales de los receptores de glp1/glucagón/gip
UY36779A (es) Nuevos derivados de exendina-4 como agonistas peptídicos duales específicos de los receptores de glp-1 / glucagón
CO7400885A2 (es) Análogos de glucagón
AR098741A1 (es) Agonistas duales del receptor de glp-1 (péptido similar al glucagón 1) / glucagón
BR112016022465A2 (pt) agonistas de receptores de glp-1/glucagon duplo peptídicos derivados de exendina-4
CL2014002556A1 (es) Compuestos derivados de ácidos indaniloxidihidrobenzofuranilacéticos, agonistas del receptor gpr40; composiicon farmaceutica; y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades o afecciones como diabetes, resistencia a la insulina, obesidad, entre otras.
MX2016013244A (es) Derivados de exendina-4 como agonistas peptidicos duales del receptor de glp-1/glucagon.
UY35548A (es) Péptidos terapéuticos para el tratamiento de trastornos metabólicos.
BR112013029256A8 (pt) combinação farmacêutica para uso no tratamento de pacientes com diabetes tipo 2
UY35740A (es) Análogos de amilina
GT201500168A (es) Polipéptidos estabilizados del factor de crecimiento tipo insulina
CR20170376A (es) Tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 con lixisenatida
ES2403549R1 (es) Co-cristales de agomelatina con formadores de co-cristales
CR20170470A (es) Tratamiento de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
AU2013298343A8 (en) Targeted oesophageal administration of Zn-alpha2-glycoproteins (ZAG), methods and formulations thereof
ECSP15009978A (es) Análogos de glucagón

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FB Suspension of granting procedure