CN114001270A - Water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system and method - Google Patents
Water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114001270A CN114001270A CN202111111169.0A CN202111111169A CN114001270A CN 114001270 A CN114001270 A CN 114001270A CN 202111111169 A CN202111111169 A CN 202111111169A CN 114001270 A CN114001270 A CN 114001270A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
- F17D1/065—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours
- F17D1/07—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours by compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
- F17D1/14—Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/031—Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
- F17C2227/0348—Water cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system and a method. The system comprises a plurality of pressure containers, a water pump, a water turbine, a generator motor drive controller, an air pump, a heat source and a radiator; the generator motor is connected with the power grid through a generator motor driving controller; the generator motor is respectively connected with the water pump and the water turbine; the pressure vessels are connected with each other; at least one pressure container is respectively connected with a heat source, a radiator and an air pump, and the other pressure containers are respectively connected with a water pump and a water turbine; the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four stages of pressure container temperature reduction, pressure container energy storage, pressure container heating pressurization and energy release power generation in sequence and in parallel. The invention takes liquid as working medium for storing and releasing energy, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and improve the system efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage of novel power systems, in particular to a water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system and a water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage method.
Background
Renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy in the power system have higher and higher occupation ratios in the whole power system, but the controllability of the energy sources such as the solar energy and the wind energy is low due to the restriction of natural conditions, and a large amount of energy storage capacity needs to be configured in the power system to meet the reliability requirement of the power system. Common energy storage forms include pumped storage, compressed air storage, electrochemical storage and the like. The pumped storage has the advantages of large capacity and high storage efficiency, but the pumped storage power station has high requirement on site selection and long construction period, and most of the pumped storage power station is far away from a load center, so that the application of the pumped storage power station is limited. The compressed air energy storage is low in efficiency due to the fact that a large amount of heat exchange is carried out in the compression process and the expansion process, the efficiency needs to be improved through measures such as afterburning, and the site selection of a power station is limited due to the large-capacity air storage space. Electrochemical energy storage has the advantages of high storage efficiency and quick response, but the electrochemical energy storage is low in safety and short in service life, and the post-treatment of the energy storage battery has the risk of environmental pollution.
A dam-free water pumping compressed air energy storage system is proposed in the document of novel large-scale water pumping compressed air energy storage technology (Houpai, Wanghun, cardia, Von Liang, Du super cloud, novel large-scale water pumping compressed air energy storage technology [ J ] fluid machinery, 2019,47(07): 44-47), a non-afterburning dam-free water pumping compressed air energy storage technology composite system is introduced, compressed air energy storage and power generation are adopted, and water pumping energy storage is used for gradient utilization, so that the process is complex.
The document "a novel steam constant pressure water pumping compressed air energy storage system and its thermodynamic analysis" (i.e., Li Na, Li Yufeng, tension, Yang Zhen Shuai, Wang Huan.) A novel steam constant pressure water pumping compressed air energy storage system and its thermodynamic analysis [ J ]. Cegan traffic university school newspaper, 2021,55(06):84-91.) utilize latent heat and sensible heat released in the steam condensation process, realize the constant pressure operation of the energy release process, simultaneously participate in acting after the steam condensation, improve the capacity and energy storage density of the system, can't reduce the energy consumed in the energy storage process.
In the literature, "research on thermodynamic performance of compressed air energy storage coupled solar auxiliary heating system" (wangshan research on thermodynamic performance of compressed air energy storage coupled solar auxiliary heating system [ D ]. north China university of electric power, 2019.), solar heating is increased to improve energy storage density during adiabatic compressed air energy storage, and air is used as a working medium, and energy is stored and released by a compressor and a turbine.
The document ZL201810291346X discloses a high-pressure heat-insulation air storage and water pumping compressed air energy storage system which reduces energy loss through heat insulation, but cannot reduce energy consumed by energy storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system and a method, which reduce the pressure in a pressure container by cooling the gas in the pressure container and reduce the energy consumed by energy storage; the pressure in the container is increased by heating the gas in the pressure container, the energy emitted by energy release is increased, the processes of energy storage and energy release are simplified, and the efficiency of an energy storage system is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.
A water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system comprises a plurality of pressure containers, a water pump, a water turbine, a generator motor drive controller, an air pump, a heat source and a radiator;
the generator motor is connected with a power grid through a generator motor drive controller; the generator motor is respectively connected with the water pump and the water turbine; the pressure vessels are connected with each other;
at least one pressure container is respectively connected with a heat source, a radiator and an air pump, and the other pressure containers are respectively connected with a water pump and a water turbine;
the heat source is used for heating the gas in the pressure container in the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container; the air pump is used for supplementing air in the pressure container; the radiator cools the gas in the pressure container cooling stage; the water pump and the water turbine are respectively used for realizing the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure container;
the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four stages of pressure container temperature reduction, pressure container energy storage, pressure container heating pressurization and energy release power generation in sequence and in parallel.
Further, the generating motor is respectively connected with the water pump and the water turbine through a transmission mechanism;
the power generation motor is connected with the water pump and the water turbine in a time-sharing manner, and the energy storage and the energy release power generation of the pressure container are respectively realized;
in the pressure container energy storage stage, the generator motor driving controller obtains electric energy from a power grid and controls the generator motor to drive the water pump to transfer water among different pressure containers;
in the energy releasing and power generating stage, water in the pressure container drives a water turbine to operate and drives a power generating motor to generate power, and electric energy is output to a power grid; the type of the generator motor is a double-fed asynchronous motor or a synchronous motor;
the generator motor works in a motor state in the energy storage stage of the pressure container, and the water pump is driven to work by the generator motor driving controller to send water into the pressure container;
the generator motor works in a generator state in an energy releasing and power generating stage, and is driven by the water turbine to generate power under the control of the generator motor driving controller;
the generator motor driving controller adopts different forms according to the structure of the generator motor, a double-fed converter is adopted when the generator motor is a double-fed asynchronous motor, and a full-power converter is adopted when the generator motor is a synchronous motor;
the generator and the generator motor form a variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system during power generation, and the generator motor form a variable-speed driving system during power generation.
Furthermore, the water pump and the water turbine can be independently configured or combined into a pump water turbine, and the water pump and the water turbine or the pump water turbine are connected with the generating motor through a transmission mechanism.
Furthermore, the pressure vessels are used for storing water and/or compressed gas, and are connected with each other through a gas transmission pipeline and a gas transmission valve;
the pressure container is respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the water pump through an energy storage pipeline and an energy storage valve; the pressure container is respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the water turbine through an energy release pipeline and an energy release valve;
the pressure container is connected with the air pump through an air supplementing pipeline and an air supplementing valve and is used for supplementing the air quantity in the pressure container.
Furthermore, two heat exchangers are arranged in the pressure container, the two heat exchangers in the pressure container are respectively connected with a heat source and the heat exchangers in the radiator through a heating valve and a radiating valve to realize heat exchange, the gas in the pressure container is heated in an energy releasing and power generating stage and a pressure container heating and pressurizing stage to increase the pressure in the pressure container and improve the power generation amount in the energy releasing stage, and the gas in the pressure container is radiated in an energy storing stage and a pressure container cooling stage to reduce the pressure in the pressure container and reduce the energy consumed in the energy storing stage.
Furthermore, the heat source is energy which can generate high temperature by physical and chemical methods and is used for heating the gas in the pressure container through a heat exchanger, so that the pressure in the pressure container is increased, and the heating and pressurizing of the pressure container are realized;
the radiator is used for cooling the gas in the pressure container through the heat exchanger, so that the pressure in the pressure container is reduced, the temperature of the pressure container is reduced, and the energy consumed during energy storage is reduced.
Further, a spraying device is arranged in the pressure container; the spraying device is connected with the water pump through the energy storage pipeline and the energy storage valve, and water sent by the water pump is sprayed into the pressure container in a spraying mode to cool gas in the pressure container.
Further, the pressure container is communicated with the atmosphere through an air communication valve, pressure is balanced with the atmosphere, and the pressure container is communicated with the atmosphere to release pressure when the pressure of the pressure container exceeds the limit, so that the pressure container is protected.
Further, an insulating module is arranged in the pressure container;
the heat insulation module is made of heat insulation materials, floats on the water surface in the pressure container and is used for reducing heat exchange between water and gas in the pressure container.
Furthermore, in the water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system, the pressure container cooling stage and the pressure container energy storage stage can be carried out simultaneously or the pressure container cooling stage is carried out firstly and then the pressure container energy storage stage is started; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy releasing and power generating stage can be carried out simultaneously or the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage is carried out firstly and then the energy releasing and power generating stage is started;
water enters another water input pressure container from one water output pressure container and returns to the original water output pressure container, and the one-time energy storage and release cycle water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage method is completed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: in the stage of heat dissipation and cooling of the pressure container, all valves are closed, after all transmission mechanisms are disconnected, the gas transmission valve which is interconnected between the heat dissipation valve and the pressure container is opened, the heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with the heat exchanger in the radiator to take out heat in the pressure container, so that the gas in the pressure container is cooled, and further the gas pressure in the pressure container is reduced; the pressure vessel heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage is partially overlapped with the pressure vessel energy storage stage, and the pressure vessel heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage cannot be finished later than the pressure vessel energy storage stage;
s2: in the pressure container energy storage stage, after the pressure container heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage lasts for a period of time, the gas transmission valve corresponding to the pressure container for outputting water is closed, the pressure container for outputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water inlet of the water pump, the pressure container for inputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water outlet of the water pump, and the gas communication valve corresponding to the pressure container for outputting water is opened, the power generation motor is connected with the water pump through a transmission mechanism, the water pump is driven by the power generation motor in a motor state, the power generation motor drives the controller to absorb energy from the power grid, the water pump pumps water from the pressure container for outputting water, the water is pumped to the pressure container for inputting water through the sprayer, and the internal gas is compressed due to the increase of liquid in the pressure container for inputting water, so that energy storage is realized;
s3: in the pressure container heating and pressurizing stage, the heat dissipation valve is closed, the pressure container for outputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water inlet of the water pump, and the pressure container for inputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water outlet of the water pump; the heat source works to generate high temperature, the heating valve is opened, the heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with the heat exchanger in the heat source, the heat in the heat source is sent into the pressure container, the temperature of the gas in the pressure container is increased, and the pressure of the gas in the pressure container is further increased; the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy releasing and power generating stage, and the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container cannot be finished later than the energy releasing and power generating stage;
s4: in the energy releasing and power generating stage, a transmission mechanism between a power generating motor and a water pump is disconnected, the power generating motor is connected with the transmission mechanism between a water turbine, a pressure container for outputting water is connected with an energy releasing valve at the water outlet of the water turbine, a pressure container for inputting water is connected with an energy releasing valve at the water inlet of the water turbine and is opened, water in the pressure container for inputting water enters the water turbine through an energy releasing pipeline, the water turbine drives the power generating motor in a power generator state through the transmission mechanism, energy is sent to a power grid through a power generating motor driving controller, and the water enters the pressure container for outputting water through the energy releasing pipeline after coming out of the water turbine;
the pressure container for outputting water has the same function as the pressure container for inputting water, and the pipeline and the valve connected with the pressure container also have the same function.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages and effects:
the invention has simple operation process, high efficiency, easy realization and easy maintenance and management.
The invention integrates the advantages of pumped storage and compressed air storage, can fully utilize heat sources with various qualities, and has high efficiency and lower cost.
As mentioned above, the technical means of the invention is simple and easy to implement, meets the requirements of peak clipping and valley filling of the power system, and improves the stability of the power system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an adjusted water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an adjusted water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sequence diagram of four working stages of the water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the object of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
a water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system is shown in figure 1 and comprises a first pressure container 11, a second pressure container 12, a third pressure container 13, a water pump 21, a water turbine 3, a generator motor 4, a generator motor drive controller 5, an air pump 22, a heat source 62 and a radiator 61;
wherein, the generator motor 4 is connected with the power grid through a generator motor driving controller 5; the generator motor 4 is respectively connected with the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3; the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are connected with each other;
in the embodiment, the first pressure container 11 and the second pressure container 12 are respectively connected with the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3;
the third pressure container 13 is respectively connected with a heat source 62, a radiator 61 and an air pump 22;
the heat source 62 is used to heat the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 during the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing phase; the air pump 22 is used for supplementing air in the third pressure container 13; the radiator 61 cools the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 in the pressure vessel cooling stage; the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 are respectively used for realizing the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure container;
the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four stages of pressure container temperature reduction, pressure container energy storage, pressure container heating pressurization and energy release power generation in sequence and in parallel.
In the present embodiment, the generator motor 4 is connected to the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 through the first transmission mechanism 91 and the second transmission mechanism 92, respectively;
the generator motor 4 is connected with the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 in a time-sharing manner, and the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure container are respectively realized;
in the pressure container energy storage stage, the generator motor driving controller 5 obtains electric energy from a power grid and controls the generator motor 4 to drive the water pump 21 to transfer water from the first pressure container 11 to the second pressure container 12;
in the energy releasing and power generating stage, the water turbine 3 extracts water in the first pressure container 11 or the second pressure container 12 to drive the power generating motor 4 to generate power and output electric energy to a power grid.
In this embodiment, the generator motor 4 is a double-fed asynchronous motor;
the generator motor 4 works in a motor state in the pressure container energy storage stage, and drives the water pump 21 to work under the driving of the generator motor driving controller 5, so that water is pumped into the first pressure container 11 or the second pressure container 12;
the generator motor 4 works in a generator state in an energy releasing and power generating stage, and is driven by the water turbine 3 to generate power under the control of the generator motor driving controller 5;
in this embodiment, the generator-motor drive controller 5 employs a double-fed converter, and forms a variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system with the generator motor 4 during power generation, and forms a variable-speed drive system with the generator motor 4 during power running.
In this embodiment, the pressure vessels are used for storing water and/or compressed gas, and the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are connected with the first gas transmission valve 851, the second gas transmission valve 852 and the third gas transmission valve 853 through gas transmission pipelines;
the first pressure container 11 is respectively connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water pump 21 through an energy storage pipeline and a first energy storage valve 821 and a second energy storage valve 822, and the second pressure container 12 is respectively connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water pump 21 through an energy storage and third energy storage valve 823 and a fourth energy storage valve 824;
the first pressure container 11 is connected with the water inlet and outlet of the water turbine 3 through an energy release pipeline and a first energy release valve 831 and a third energy release valve 833 respectively, and the second pressure container 12 is connected with the water inlet and outlet of the water turbine 3 through an energy release pipeline and a second energy release valve 832 and a fourth energy release valve 834 respectively;
the third pressure container 13 is connected with the air pump 22 through an air supplementing pipeline and an air supplementing valve 825 for supplementing the air quantity in the third pressure container 13;
in this embodiment, the third pressure vessel 13 is provided with a first heat exchanger 711 and a third heat exchanger 713, the first heat exchanger 711 and the third heat exchanger 713 in the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively connected with the heat source 62 and the second heat exchanger 712 and the fourth heat exchanger 724 in the radiator 61 through a heating valve 862 and a heat dissipation valve 861, so as to realize heat exchange, realize heating of the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 in the energy releasing and power generating stage and the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage, and realize heat dissipation of the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 in the pressure vessel energy storing stage and the pressure vessel cooling stage.
In this embodiment, the heat source 62 is energy which generates high temperature by physical and chemical methods, such as geothermal energy, solar energy, biomass energy, biogas, fuel gas, and chemical fuel, and is used for heating the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 by the second heat exchanger 712, so as to increase the pressure in the third pressure vessel 13, thereby heating and pressurizing the pressure vessel;
the radiator 61 is configured to cool the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 through the fourth heat exchanger 724, so as to reduce the pressure in the third pressure vessel 13, thereby cooling the pressure vessel and reducing the energy consumed during energy storage.
In this embodiment, the first pressure vessel 11 and the second pressure vessel 12 are respectively provided with a first spray device 731 and a second spray device 732; the first spraying device 731 and the second spraying device 732 are respectively connected with the water pump 21 through an energy storage pipeline and a first energy storage valve 821 and a third energy storage valve 823, and water sent by the water pump 21 is sprayed into the first pressure container 11 and the second pressure container 12 in a spraying mode to cool gas in the pressure containers.
In this embodiment, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, and the first pressure vessel 13 are respectively connected to the atmosphere through the first air communication valve 811, the second air communication valve 812, and the third air communication valve 813, and are connected to the atmosphere to release the pressure when the pressure of the pressure vessel exceeds the limit.
The first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, and the first pressure vessel 13 are respectively communicated with the atmosphere through a fourth air communication valve 871, a fifth air communication valve 872, and a sixth air communication valve 873, are balanced in pressure with the atmosphere, and are communicated with the atmosphere to release the pressure when the pressure of the pressure vessel exceeds the limit.
In the present embodiment, the first and second pressure vessels 11 and 12 are provided therein with a first and second thermal insulation modules 721 and 722, respectively;
the first and second adiabatic modules 721 and 722 are made of an adiabatic material, and float on the water surface in the first and second pressure vessels 11 and 12, respectively, for reducing heat exchange between water and gas in the pressure vessels.
In the water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system, the pressure container cooling stage and the pressure container energy storage stage can be carried out simultaneously or the pressure container cooling stage is carried out firstly and then the pressure container energy storage stage is started; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy releasing and power generating stage can be carried out simultaneously or the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage is carried out firstly and then the energy releasing and power generating stage is started;
in this embodiment, water enters the first pressure vessel 11 from the second pressure vessel 12, and then returns to the second pressure vessel 12 from the first pressure vessel 11; the water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage method for completing one-time energy storage and release circulation specifically comprises the following stages:
s1: in the pressure vessel heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage, all valves are closed, after all transmission mechanisms are disconnected, the heat dissipation valve 861, the first gas transmission valve 851 and the third gas transmission valve 853 are opened, the third heat exchanger 713 in the third pressure vessel 13 is communicated with the fourth heat exchanger 714 in the radiator 61, heat in the third pressure vessel 13 is taken out, so that the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 is cooled, and further the gas pressure in the third pressure vessel 13 and the first pressure vessel 11 is reduced; the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy storage stage of the pressure container;
s2: in the pressure container energy storage stage, after the pressure container heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage lasts for a period of time, the first energy storage valve 821, the fourth energy storage valve 824 and the fifth air communication valve 872 are opened, the first transmission mechanism 91 is connected, and the water pump 21 is driven by the generator motor 4 in a motor state, absorbs energy from the power grid through the generator motor drive controller 5, and pumps water from the second pressure container 12 into the first pressure container 11;
s3: in the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container, all valves are closed, and all transmission mechanisms are disconnected; the heat source 62 works to generate high temperature, the heating valve 862 is opened, the first heat exchanger 711 in the pressure container 13 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 712 in the heat source 62, the heat in the heat source 62 is sent into the third pressure container 13, the temperature of the gas in the third pressure container 13 is increased, and the gas pressure in the third pressure container 13 is further increased; the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy releasing and power generating stage;
s4: in the energy releasing and power generating stage, the second transmission mechanism 92 is connected, the second energy releasing valve 832 and the third energy releasing valve 833 are opened, water enters the water turbine 3 through the energy releasing pipeline, the water turbine 3 drives the generator motor 4 in a generator state through the second transmission mechanism 92, electric energy is sent to a power grid through the generator motor drive controller 5, and after the water comes out of the water turbine 3, the water enters the second pressure container 12 through the third energy releasing valve 833.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, the water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system shown in fig. 1 is adjusted to obtain the water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system shown in fig. 2, the generator motor 4 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the generator motor drive controller 5 is a full-power converter, a first pressure vessel 11 and a normal-pressure water storage tank 15 are adopted, a first heat exchanger 711 and a third heat exchanger 713 are arranged in the first pressure vessel 11, and the first pressure vessel 11 is connected with a second heat exchanger 712 in the heat source 62 and a fourth heat exchanger 714 in the normal-pressure water storage tank 15 through a heating valve 862, a heat dissipation valve 861 and a heat exchange pipeline respectively;
the heat source 62 uses solar energy to generate high temperature by condensing light to heat the second heat exchanger 712, and further heat the gas in the first pressure vessel 11, and simultaneously uses the normal pressure water storage tank 15 as the radiator 61 to cool the gas in the first pressure vessel 11 through the fourth heat exchanger 714.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, the water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system shown in fig. 2 is further adjusted to obtain the water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system shown in fig. 3, the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 are combined into the water pump and the water turbine 213, the heat source 62 adopts a combustion furnace, biogas and biomass are used as fuel, and after combustion, the gas in the first pressure vessel 11 is heated by the second heat exchanger 712.
In the above embodiment, the sequence relationship and the corresponding pressure and temperature curves of each of the stages S1-S4 of a complete cycle are shown in fig. 4, after the heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage S1 of the pressure container starts, the temperature of the gas in the pressure container decreases, the pressure decreases, the energy storage stage S2 of the pressure container is performed, since the pressure decreases, the energy consumed in the gas compression process decreases, and then the heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage S1 of the pressure container and the energy storage stage S2 of the pressure container end; after the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing phase S3 begins, the other temperature in the pressure vessel rises, the pressure rises accordingly, the energy releasing and power generating phase S4 begins, the energy released by the gas expansion process increases due to the pressure rise, and then the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing phase S3 and the energy releasing and power generating phase S4 end. In the primary energy storage and release cycle process, the electric energy consumed by energy storage is reduced, the electric energy generated by energy release is increased, and the efficiency of the energy storage system is further improved.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage system is characterized by comprising a plurality of pressure containers, a water pump (21), a water turbine (3), a generator motor (4), a generator motor drive controller (5), an air pump (22), a heat source (62) and a radiator (61);
wherein, the generator motor (4) is connected with a power grid through a generator motor drive controller (5); the generator motor (4) is respectively connected with the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3); the pressure vessels are connected with each other; wherein at least one pressure container is respectively connected with a heat source (62), a radiator (61) and an air pump (22), and the other pressure containers are respectively connected with a water pump (21) and a water turbine (3);
the heat source (62) is used for heating the gas in the pressure vessel in the heating pressurization phase of the pressure vessel; the air pump (22) is used for supplementing air in the pressure container; the radiator (61) cools the gas in the pressure container cooling stage; the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) are respectively used for realizing the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure container;
the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four stages of pressure container temperature reduction, pressure container energy storage, pressure container heating pressurization and energy release power generation in sequence and in parallel.
2. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the generator motor (4) is connected with the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) through a transmission mechanism respectively;
the power generation motor (4) is connected with the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) in a time-sharing manner, and energy storage and energy release power generation of the pressure container are respectively realized;
in the pressure container energy storage stage, the generator motor drive controller (5) acquires electric energy from a power grid and controls the generator motor (4) to drive the water pump (21) to transfer water among different pressure containers;
in the energy releasing and power generating stage, water in the pressure container drives the water turbine (3) to operate and drives the power generating motor (4) to generate power, and electric energy is output to a power grid; the type of the generator motor (4) is a double-fed asynchronous motor or a synchronous motor;
the generator motor (4) works in a motor state in the energy storage stage of the pressure container, and the water pump (21) is driven to work by the generator motor driving controller (5) to send water into the pressure container;
the generator motor (4) works in a generator state in an energy releasing and generating stage, and is driven by the water turbine (3) to generate electricity under the control of the generator motor driving controller (5);
the generator motor driving controller (5) adopts different forms according to the structure of the generator motor (4), a double-fed converter is adopted when the generator motor (4) is a double-fed asynchronous motor, and a full-power converter is adopted when the generator motor (4) is a synchronous motor;
the generator motor (4) and the generator motor (4) form a variable-speed constant-frequency generating system during power generation, and the generator motor (4) and the generator motor form a variable-speed driving system during power generation.
3. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) can be configured independently or combined into a pump turbine (213), and the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) or the pump turbine (213) are connected with the generator motor (4) through a transmission mechanism.
4. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure vessels are used for storing water and/or compressed gas, and are connected with each other through a gas transmission pipeline and a gas transmission valve;
the pressure container is respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of a water pump (21) through an energy storage pipeline and an energy storage valve; the pressure container is respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the water turbine (3) through an energy release pipeline and an energy release valve;
the pressure container is connected with an air pump (22) through an air supplementing pipeline and an air supplementing valve and is used for supplementing the amount of air in the pressure container.
5. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein two heat exchangers are arranged in the pressure vessel, the two heat exchangers in the pressure vessel are respectively connected with a heat source (62) and the heat exchanger in a radiator (61) through a heating valve and a heat dissipation valve to realize heat exchange, the gas in the pressure vessel is heated in an energy release power generation stage and a pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage to increase the pressure in the pressure vessel and increase the power generation amount in the energy release stage, and the gas in the pressure vessel is cooled in an energy storage stage and a pressure vessel cooling stage to reduce the pressure in the pressure vessel and reduce the energy consumed in the energy storage stage.
6. The water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heat source (62) is energy which can generate high temperature by physical and chemical methods, such as geothermal energy, solar energy, biomass energy, biogas, gas and chemical fuel, and is used for heating the gas in the pressure vessel by a heat exchanger, so as to increase the pressure in the pressure vessel and realize heating and pressurizing of the pressure vessel;
the radiator (61) is used for cooling the gas in the pressure container through the heat exchanger, so that the pressure in the pressure container is reduced, the temperature of the pressure container is reduced, and the energy consumed during energy storage is reduced.
7. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a spray device is installed in the pressure vessel; the spraying device is connected with the water pump (21) through the energy storage pipeline and the energy storage valve, water sent by the water pump (21) is sprayed into the pressure container in a spraying mode, and the temperature of gas in the pressure container is reduced.
8. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pressure vessel is connected to atmosphere through a gas connection valve, is in pressure equilibrium with atmosphere, and is connected to atmosphere to release pressure when the pressure of the pressure vessel exceeds the limit, so as to protect the pressure vessel.
9. The water, gas and heat integrated energy storage system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pressure vessel is provided with an insulation module;
the heat insulation module is made of heat insulation materials, floats on the water surface in the pressure container and is used for reducing heat exchange between water and gas in the pressure container.
10. The comprehensive energy storage method of water, gas and heat of a comprehensive energy storage system of water, gas and heat according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in a comprehensive energy storage system of water, gas and heat, the pressure vessel cooling stage and the pressure vessel energy storage stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel cooling stage is performed first and then the pressure vessel energy storage stage is started, and the two stages can be overlapped; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy releasing and power generating stage can be carried out simultaneously or the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage is carried out firstly and then the energy releasing and power generating stage is started, and the two stages can be overlapped;
water enters another water input pressure container from one water output pressure container and returns to the original water output pressure container, and the one-time energy storage and release cycle water-gas-heat comprehensive energy storage method is completed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: in the stage of heat dissipation and cooling of the pressure container, all valves are closed, after all transmission mechanisms are disconnected, the gas transmission valve which is interconnected between the heat dissipation valve and the pressure container is opened, the heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with the heat exchanger in the radiator (61), the heat in the pressure container is taken out, the gas in the pressure container is cooled, and the gas pressure in the pressure container is further reduced; the pressure vessel heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage is partially overlapped with the pressure vessel energy storage stage, and the pressure vessel heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage cannot be finished later than the pressure vessel energy storage stage;
s2: in the pressure container energy storage stage, after the pressure container heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage lasts for a period of time, the gas transmission valve corresponding to the pressure container outputting water is closed, the pressure container outputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water inlet of the water pump (21), the pressure container inputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water outlet of the water pump (21), and the gas communication valve corresponding to the pressure container outputting water is opened, the power generation motor (4) is connected with the transmission mechanism between the water pump (21), the water pump (21) is driven by the power generation motor (4) in a motor state, energy is absorbed from a power grid through the power generation motor drive controller (5), the water pump (21) pumps water from the pressure container outputting water, the water is pumped into the pressure container inputting water through the sprayer, and internal gas is compressed due to increase of liquid, so that energy storage is realized;
s3: in the stage of heating and pressurizing the pressure container, the heat dissipation valve is closed, the pressure container for outputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water inlet of the water pump (21), and the pressure container for inputting water is connected with the energy storage valve at the water outlet of the water pump (21); the heat source (62) works to generate high temperature, the heating valve is opened, the heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with the heat exchanger in the heat source (62), the heat in the heat source (62) is sent into the pressure container, the temperature of the gas in the pressure container is increased, and the pressure of the gas in the pressure container is further increased; the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy releasing and power generating stage, and the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container cannot be finished later than the energy releasing and power generating stage;
s4: in the energy releasing and power generating stage, a transmission mechanism between a power generating motor (4) and a water pump (21) is disconnected, the power generating motor (4) is connected with the transmission mechanism between a water turbine (3), an output water pressure container is connected with an energy releasing valve at the water outlet of the water turbine (3), an input water pressure container is connected with an energy releasing valve at the water inlet of the water turbine (3) and is opened, water in the input water pressure container enters the water turbine (3) through an energy releasing pipeline, the water turbine (3) drives the power generating motor (4) in a generator state through the transmission mechanism, energy is sent to a power grid through a power generating motor drive controller (5), and the water enters the output water pressure container through the energy releasing pipeline after coming out of the water turbine (3).
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