CN108050026B - Solar thermal power station and compressed air energy storage unit combined operation device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Solar thermal power station and compressed air energy storage unit combined operation device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108050026B CN108050026B CN201711277637.5A CN201711277637A CN108050026B CN 108050026 B CN108050026 B CN 108050026B CN 201711277637 A CN201711277637 A CN 201711277637A CN 108050026 B CN108050026 B CN 108050026B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar thermal power station and compressed air energy storage unit combined operation device, which comprises: the system comprises a solar thermal power station, a compressed air energy storage unit and a heat exchange device; the solar thermal power station comprises a solar focusing device, a heat absorber, a heat storage system, a steam generator, a steam turbine, a generator, a power grid and a condenser; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises a high-temperature tank, an air storage device, a piston cylinder, a liquid pool and transmission equipment; the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger and a water pump. When solar energy is sufficient, redundant electric energy is stored through the compressed air energy storage device, and meanwhile, heat released by the compressed air is used for heating water after dead steam condensation through the heat exchange device, so that electric energy storage of power generation peak of the solar thermal power station is realized, and heat released by gas compression is fully utilized. When the solar energy is insufficient, the compressed air energy storage device is used for generating power and supplementing the power generation power of solar thermal power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and power energy storage combination, and particularly relates to a combined operation device of a solar thermal power station and a compressed air energy storage unit and a control method thereof.
Background
The solar energy is always intermittently and discontinuously obtained due to the influence of day and night alternation, climate change, and the fluctuation of the solar radiation intensity in the day with time. The uncontrollable and random solar radiation intensity makes the solar power generation system difficult to operate smoothly. The solar thermal power station address is mainly located in the area with high direct solar radiation intensity, and the atmospheric temperature in the area is usually high, so that in the operation process of a condensing device of a solar thermal power generation system, the dead steam cannot be effectively and timely radiated and condensed into water, and the operation efficiency of the whole system is reduced. Aiming at the problems, the technology of compressed air energy storage is introduced into the traditional solar thermal power station, and the realization of the combined control of the solar thermal power station and the compressed air energy storage device is an innovative idea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of stable operation of a power generation system of a solar thermal power station, and provides a solar energy and compressed air energy storage combined operation device, which realizes stable output of electric power of the solar thermal power station and improves the annual utilization rate. Under the condition of sufficient solar energy, the compressed air energy storage device works in an energy storage state and stores redundant electric energy; under the condition of insufficient solar energy, the compressed air energy storage device is in a power generation state, and the stable operation of the solar thermal power station is maintained. Meanwhile, when the ambient temperature is higher, part of the compressed air is expanded to generate electricity, the heat of the dead steam is absorbed, the speed of condensing the dead steam into water is increased, and the operation efficiency of the whole system is improved.
The invention provides a solar thermal power station and compressed air energy storage unit combined operation device, which comprises: the system comprises a solar thermal power station, a compressed air energy storage unit and a heat exchange device; the solar thermal power station comprises a solar focusing device, a heat absorber, a heat storage system, a steam generator, a steam turbine, a generator, a power grid and a condenser; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises a high-temperature tank, an air storage device, a first piston cylinder, a first liquid pool and first transmission equipment; the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger and a water pump; a piston cavity of the first piston cylinder is respectively connected with the high-temperature tank and the first liquid pool through liquid pipelines, a piston rod of the first piston cylinder is connected with first transmission equipment, the high-temperature tank is connected with a gas storage device, and the power grid is connected with the first transmission equipment through a wire; the liquid inflow end and the liquid outflow end of the first heat exchanger are sequentially connected with the liquid inflow end and the liquid outflow end of the first liquid pool to form a closed circulating system; the water outlet of the condenser, the water pump, the water inlet and the water outlet of the first heat exchanger and the steam generator are connected in sequence to form a one-way system.
Further, the gas storage device comprises a variable pressure gas storage device and a constant pressure gas storage device; the variable-pressure gas storage device comprises a gas storage tank; the constant-pressure gas storage device comprises a water pump direct control device and a piston control device; the water pump directly controls the air storage tank, the water pump and the second liquid pool, and the water pump is connected with the air storage tank and the second liquid pool through a liquid pipeline; the piston control comprises an air storage tank, a second piston cylinder and a second liquid pool, a piston cavity of the second piston cylinder is respectively connected with the air storage tank and the second liquid pool through liquid pipelines, and a piston rod of the first piston cylinder is coaxially connected with a piston rod of the second piston cylinder.
Furthermore, a low-temperature tank, a third piston cylinder and a third liquid pool are additionally arranged on the compressed air energy storage unit, the low-temperature tank is connected with a high-temperature tank and an air storage tank, a piston cavity of the third piston cylinder is respectively connected with the low-temperature tank and the third liquid pool through liquid pipelines, a second heat exchanger is additionally arranged on the heat exchange device, and liquid inflow and outflow ports of the second heat exchanger are sequentially connected with a liquid inflow end and a liquid outflow end of the third liquid pool to form a closed circulating system.
Furthermore, two air piston cylinders are additionally arranged in the compressed air energy storage unit, an air inlet of the high-temperature tank is connected with an air outlet of the first air piston cylinder, an air outlet of the high-temperature tank is connected with an air inlet of the second air piston cylinder, during energy storage, gas is subjected to adiabatic compression in the first air piston cylinder, the temperature is increased, high-temperature gas is transferred into the high-temperature tank in an isobaric manner and is subjected to isothermal compression, after compression is completed, the high-temperature gas is transferred into the second air piston cylinder in an isobaric manner, adiabatic expansion is performed in the second air piston cylinder, the temperature is reduced, and low-temperature gas is transferred into the gas storage tank or the low-temperature tank in an isobaric manner to; during power generation, the low-temperature gas is subjected to adiabatic compression in the second gas piston cylinder, the temperature is increased, and the low-temperature gas is transferred to the high-temperature tank at equal pressure to perform isothermal expansion power generation; the gas piston cylinder realizes the energy-consumption-free temperature conversion of gas between high temperature and low temperature.
Further, when piston rods of the piston cylinders are independently arranged, the piston rod of the first piston cylinder is connected with first transmission equipment; and a piston rod of the second piston cylinder is connected with the second transmission equipment, and a piston rod of the third piston cylinder is connected with the power generation equipment.
The invention also provides a control method of the device, which specifically comprises the following steps: under the condition of sufficient solar energy, electric energy generated by a solar thermal power station is supplied to an electric network, the electric network provides part of electric energy to be transmitted to first transmission equipment, the first transmission equipment pushes a piston rod of a first piston cylinder to move so as to enable gas to be subjected to isothermal compression in a high-temperature tank, after the isothermal compression process is finished, high-pressure gas is transferred into a gas storage device from the high-temperature tank, the first transmission equipment pushes the piston rod of the first piston cylinder to move so as to enable external low-pressure gas to enter the high-temperature tank, liquid in the high-temperature tank returns to a first liquid pool, and heat emitted in the gas compression process heats water after steam exhaust condensation through a first heat exchanger; under the condition of insufficient solar energy, high-pressure gas is transferred into the high-temperature tank from the gas storage device, isothermal expansion is carried out on the high-pressure gas in the high-temperature tank, the gas does work to push the piston rod of the first piston cylinder to move, and the first transmission equipment generates power and transmits the power to a power grid.
Further, under the condition that solar energy is sufficient, one part of high-pressure gas generated by isothermal compression in the high-temperature tank is transferred into the gas storage tank, the other part of high-pressure gas is transferred into the low-temperature tank, or part of high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank is transferred into the low-temperature tank, isothermal expansion is carried out on the gas in the low-temperature tank, after the isothermal expansion process is finished, the heat of exhaust steam is absorbed through the second heat exchanger and is used for heating liquid in the third liquid tank, the exhaust steam condensation speed and efficiency of the solar thermal power station are improved, and meanwhile electric energy generated by work done by gas expansion is transmitted to a power grid.
Furthermore, during energy storage, the first transmission equipment consumes energy to drive a piston rod in the piston cylinder to move, gas in the high-temperature tank is subjected to isothermal compression, the second transmission equipment consumes energy to drive the piston rod in the piston cylinder to move, the gas is transferred into the gas storage tank from the high-temperature tank in an isobaric manner, and the gas in the low-temperature tank expands isothermally to push a piston rod in a third piston cylinder to move, so that power generation equipment is driven to generate power; when power is generated, the piston rod in the piston cylinder is driven to move by the second transmission equipment through energy consumption, gas is transferred to the high-temperature tank from the gas storage tank at medium pressure, high-pressure gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the high-temperature tank, the piston rod of the piston cylinder pushes the first transmission equipment to move, and electric energy is generated and transmitted to the power grid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when solar energy is sufficient, redundant electric energy is stored through the compressed air energy storage device, and meanwhile, heat released by the compressed air is used for heating water after dead steam condensation through the heat exchange device, so that electric energy storage of power generation peak of the solar thermal power station is realized, and heat released by gas compression is fully utilized. When the solar energy is insufficient, the compressed air energy storage device is used for generating power and supplementing the power generation power of solar thermal power generation. When the ambient temperature is higher and the condensing device is difficult to work, part of high-pressure gas is expanded to generate electricity, and the gas is expanded to absorb the heat of the dead steam, so that the speed of condensing the dead steam into water is increased, and the operation efficiency of the whole device is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a combined operation device of a solar thermal power station and a compressed air energy storage unit.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a variable pressure air storage device of a combined operation device of a solar thermal power station and a compressed air energy storage unit.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a constant pressure gas storage device directly controlled by a water pump of a combined operation device of a solar thermal power station and a compressed air energy storage unit.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a piston-controlled constant-pressure gas storage device of a combined operation device of a solar thermal power station and a compressed air energy storage unit.
Fig. 5 is another structural diagram of the combined operation device of the solar thermal power station and the compressed air energy storage unit.
Fig. 6 is another structural diagram of the combined operation device of the solar thermal power plant and the compressed air energy storage unit.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage device according to a first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a compressed air energy storage device according to another aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a compressed air energy storage device according to yet another aspect of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A solar thermal power plant and compressed air energy storage unit combined operation device is shown in figure 1: the device comprises a solar thermal power station 9, a compressed air energy storage unit 16 and a heat exchange device 19. The solar thermal power station 9 comprises a solar focusing device 1, a heat absorber 2, a heat storage system 3, a steam generator 4, a steam turbine 5, a generator 6, a power grid 7 and a condenser 8. The compressed air energy storage unit 16 comprises a high-temperature tank 10, a first piston cylinder 11, a first liquid pool 12, a first transmission device 13 and an air storage device 15. The heat exchanging device 19 comprises a first heat exchanger 18 and a water pump 17.
The piston cavity of the first piston cylinder 11 is respectively connected with the high-temperature tank 10 and the first liquid pool 12 through liquid pipelines, the piston rod of the first piston cylinder is connected with the first transmission equipment 13, the power grid 7 is connected with the first transmission equipment 13 through an electric wire, and the high-temperature tank 10 is connected with the gas storage device 15.
The liquid inflow end and the liquid outflow end of the first heat exchanger 18 are sequentially connected with the liquid inflow end and the liquid outflow end of the first liquid pool 12 to form a closed circulating system, and the water outlet of the condenser 8, the water pump 17, the water inlet and the water outlet of the first heat exchanger 18 and the steam generator 4 are sequentially connected to form a one-way system.
The gas storage device 15 comprises a variable pressure gas storage device and a constant pressure gas storage device; the variable pressure gas storage device is shown in figure 2 and comprises a gas storage tank 20;
the constant-pressure gas storage device comprises a water pump direct control device and a piston control device; the water pump direct control device is shown in fig. 3 and comprises an air storage tank 20, a water pump 21 and a second liquid pool 22, wherein the water pump 21 is connected with the air storage tank 20 and the second liquid pool 22 through liquid pipelines;
the piston control device is shown in figure 4 and comprises an air storage tank 20, a second piston cylinder 23 and a second liquid pool 22, a piston cavity of the second piston cylinder 23 is respectively connected with the air storage tank 20 and the second liquid pool 22 through liquid pipelines, and a piston rod of the first piston cylinder 11 is coaxially connected with a piston rod of the second piston cylinder 23.
The compressed air energy storage unit has two operation modes of energy storage and power generation (taking a constant pressure air storage mode controlled by a piston as an example): under the condition that solar energy is sufficient, the compressed air energy storage device works in an energy storage mode. The electric energy generated by the generator 6 is transmitted to the power grid 7, the power grid 7 provides the electric energy for pushing the piston rod to move, when the piston rod moves rightwards, the valves A4, A5 and A8-A9 are opened, the valves A1-A3, A6-A7 and A10-A11 are closed, the gas is isothermally compressed in the high-temperature tank 10, after the gas is compressed in the high-temperature tank 10, when the piston rod moves rightwards, the valves A2, A4-A5, A7-A8 and A11 are opened, the valves A1, A3, A6 and A9-A10 are closed, and the high-pressure gas is transferred to the gas storage tank 20 from the high-temperature tank 10 under the equal pressure; after the gas migration is finished, when the piston rod moves rightwards, the valves A1, A3, A6 and A8-A9 are opened, the valves A2, A4-A5, A7 and A10-A11 are closed, low-pressure gas in the atmosphere enters the high-temperature tank 10 to prepare for the next energy storage process, meanwhile, liquid in the high-temperature tank 10 returns to the first liquid pool 12, and the liquid in the first liquid pool 12 exchanges heat with water after dead steam is condensed through the first heat exchanger 18.
In the case of insufficient solar energy, the compressed air energy storage device operates in a power generation mode. When the piston rod moves rightwards, the valves A2-A3, A6-A7 and A9-A10 are opened, the valves A1, A4-A5, A8 and A11 are closed, and the gas is isobarically transferred into the high-temperature tank 10 from the gas storage tank 20. After the gas migration is finished, the high-pressure gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the high-temperature tank 10, when the piston rod is pushed to move rightwards, the valves A3, A6 and A8-A9 are opened, the valves A1, A4-A5, A7 and A10-A11 are closed, heat absorbed by the isothermal expansion can be provided by the heat storage system 3, and the heat required by the isothermal expansion of the high-pressure gas is far less than that required for generating high-temperature high-pressure steam, so that the requirement of the combined system on the heat storage system is greatly reduced. The isothermal expansion of the gas pushes the piston rod to move, and electric energy is generated and transmitted to a power grid. After the gas expansion is finished, the power generation process is finished, when the piston rod moves rightwards, the valves A1, A4-A5 and A8-A9 are opened, the valves A2-A3, A6-A7 and A10-A11 are closed, and the expanded gas is discharged into the atmosphere to prepare for the next power generation process.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage device in implementation scheme 1, wherein (i) denotes an isothermal compression process (i.e., an energy storage mode) of gas in a high-temperature tank, and (ii) denotes an isothermal expansion process (i.e., a power generation mode) of gas in a low-temperature tank.
Another scheme of the combined operation device of the solar thermal power station and the compressed air energy storage unit is shown in fig. 5, the device is added on the basis of the scheme, a low-temperature tank 25, a third piston cylinder 26 and a third liquid pool 27 are additionally arranged on the compressed air energy storage unit, a second heat exchanger 24 is additionally arranged on the heat exchange device, the low-temperature tank 25 is connected with the high-temperature tank 10 and the air storage tank 20, a piston cavity of the third piston cylinder 26 is respectively connected with the low-temperature tank 25 and the third liquid pool 27 through liquid pipelines, and a liquid inflow end and a liquid outflow end of the second heat exchanger 24 are sequentially connected with a liquid inflow end and a liquid outflow end of the third liquid pool 27 to form a closed circulation system.
Under the condition of sufficient solar energy, one part of high-pressure gas generated by isothermal compression in a high-temperature tank can be transferred into a gas storage tank in an isobaric manner, the other part of high-pressure gas can be transferred into a low-temperature tank in an isobaric manner, part of high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank can be transferred into the low-temperature tank in an isobaric manner, the gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the low-temperature tank, exhaust steam heat is absorbed through a second heat exchanger and used for gas expansion, the exhaust steam condensation speed and efficiency of a solar thermal power station are improved, and meanwhile, electric energy generated by work done by gas expansion.
The solar thermal power station is usually built in the area with high direct solar radiation intensity, the ambient temperature of the area is high, so that the operation of the condensation part of the solar thermal power station is difficult, and the conventional condensation device can not lead the exhaust steam to quickly radiate heat and condense into water, thereby influencing the operation efficiency of the whole solar thermal power station. The problem can be well solved by utilizing the expansion and heat absorption characteristics of the high-pressure gas. In the case of sufficient solar energy, a part of the high-pressure gas generated by isothermal compression in the high-temperature tank may be transferred isobarically to the gas tank 20, another part may be transferred isobarically to the low-temperature tank 25, or a part of the high-pressure gas in the gas tank 20 may be transferred isobarically to the low-temperature tank 25. The high-pressure gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the low-temperature tank 25, and meanwhile, the liquid in the third liquid pool 27 exchanges heat with the exhaust steam through the second heat exchanger 24, so that the heat of the exhaust steam is absorbed, the speed of condensing the exhaust steam into water is increased, and the running speed of the solar thermal power station is increased. For the coaxial piston rod, the gas in the high-temperature tank 10 is subjected to isothermal compression to consume electric energy, the gas in the low-temperature tank 25 is subjected to isothermal expansion to generate electric energy, and the power difference between the electric energy and the electric energy is provided by the electric energy of the power grid 7.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage device according to implementation scheme 2, wherein the diagram shows the isothermal compression process of gas in a high-temperature tank, the diagram shows the high-pressure gas transferred from the high-temperature tank to a low-temperature tank, and the diagram shows the isothermal expansion process of gas in the low-temperature tank.
A further scheme of the combined operation device of the solar thermal power station and the compressed air energy storage unit is shown in figure 6, the scheme is that equipment is added on the basis of the scheme in figure 5, two piston cylinders for gas are additionally arranged in the compressed air energy storage unit, the high-temperature tank 10 can be combined with the piston cylinders for gas, external gas enters the high-temperature tank 10, high-pressure gas is transferred to the low-temperature tank 25 from the high-temperature tank 10 in an isobaric mode, the gas directly exchanges heat with liquid, in addition, when the high-temperature gas is stored in the gas storage tank 20, the temperature can be reduced, energy loss is caused, and the piston cylinders for gas are adopted, so that the gas can not be subjected to energy consumption temperature conversion between high temperature and low temperature, and. The air inlet of the high-temperature tank 10 is connected with the air outlet of the first air piston cylinder 29, the air outlet of the high-temperature tank 10 is connected with the air inlet of the second air piston cylinder 31, during energy storage, gas is subjected to adiabatic compression in the first air piston cylinder 29, the temperature is raised to be consistent with the temperature of the gas in the high-temperature tank, the high-temperature gas is subjected to isobaric migration to the high-temperature tank 10, isothermal compression is performed, after compression is completed, the gas is subjected to isobaric migration to the second air piston cylinder 31, adiabatic expansion is performed in the second air piston cylinder 31, the temperature is lowered, the low-temperature gas is subjected to isobaric migration to the gas storage tank 20 or the low-temperature tank 25. During power generation, the low-temperature gas is adiabatically compressed in the second gas piston cylinder 31, the temperature is raised, and the low-temperature gas is transferred to the high-temperature tank 10 at an equal pressure to perform isothermal expansion power generation. The gas piston cylinder realizes the energy-consumption-free temperature conversion of gas between high temperature and low temperature.
The piston rods of the piston cylinders 11, 23 and 26 are independently arranged. During energy storage, the first transmission device 13 consumes energy to drive a piston rod in the first piston cylinder 11 to move, gas in the high-temperature tank 10 is compressed isothermally, the second transmission device 33 consumes energy to drive a piston rod in the second piston cylinder 23 to move, the gas is transferred to the gas storage tank 20 from the high-temperature tank 10 in an isobaric mode, and isothermal expansion of the gas in the low-temperature tank 25 drives a piston rod in the third piston cylinder 26 to move to drive the power generation device 34 to generate power. During power generation, the second transmission device 33 consumes energy to drive the piston rod in the second piston cylinder 23 to move, gas is transferred to the high-temperature tank 10 from the gas storage tank 20 at a medium pressure, high-pressure gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the high-temperature tank 10, the piston rod of the piston cylinder 11 pushes the first transmission device 13 to move, and electric energy is generated and transmitted to a power grid.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage device in implementation scheme 3, wherein the diagram shows the isothermal compression process of gas in a high-temperature tank, the diagram shows the adiabatic expansion process of high-temperature gas in a piston cylinder for gas, the diagram shows the isothermal expansion process of gas in a low-temperature tank, and the diagram shows the adiabatic compression process of low-temperature gas in the piston cylinder for gas.
The water pumps 14 and 28 are used for realizing liquid circulation in the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature tank, so that liquid and gas are fully contacted, and isothermal expansion and isothermal compression are realized.
The constant-pressure gas storage device directly controlled by the water pump adjusts the gas pressure in the gas storage tank 20 by adjusting the water inlet and outlet quantity of the water pump 21, so as to achieve the purpose of constant-pressure gas storage.
The above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. It will be clear that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes, but any changes equivalent or similar to the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A control method of a combined operation device of a solar thermal power station and a compressed air energy storage unit is characterized in that the device comprises the following steps: the system comprises a solar thermal power station, a compressed air energy storage unit and a heat exchange device; the solar thermal power station comprises a solar focusing device, a heat absorber, a heat storage system, a steam generator, a steam turbine, a generator, a power grid and a condenser; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises a high-temperature tank, an air storage device, a first piston cylinder, a first liquid pool and first transmission equipment; the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger and a water pump; a piston cavity of the first piston cylinder is respectively connected with the high-temperature tank and the first liquid pool through liquid pipelines, a piston rod of the first piston cylinder is connected with first transmission equipment, the high-temperature tank is connected with a gas storage device, and the power grid is connected with the first transmission equipment through a wire; the liquid inflow end and the liquid outflow end of the first heat exchanger are sequentially connected with the liquid inflow end and the liquid outflow end of the first liquid pool to form a closed circulating system; the water outlet of the condenser, the water pump, the water inlet and the water outlet of the first heat exchanger and the steam generator are sequentially connected to form a one-way system;
the compressed air energy storage unit also comprises another two piston cylinders for air, an air storage tank, a low-temperature tank, a second liquid pool and a third liquid pool; a second heat exchanger is added to the heat exchange device; the low-temperature tank is connected with the high-temperature tank and the gas storage tank, a piston cavity of the third piston cylinder is respectively connected with the low-temperature tank and the third liquid pool through liquid pipelines, and a liquid inflow end and a liquid outflow end of the second heat exchanger are sequentially connected with a liquid inflow end and a liquid outflow end of the third liquid pool to form a closed circulating system; the gas inlet of the high-temperature tank is connected with the gas outlet of the first gas piston cylinder, the gas outlet of the high-temperature tank is connected with the gas inlet of the second gas piston cylinder, during energy storage, gas is subjected to adiabatic compression in the first gas piston cylinder, the temperature is increased, the high-temperature gas is transferred into the high-temperature tank in an isobaric manner and subjected to isothermal compression, after compression is completed, the high-temperature gas is transferred into the second gas piston cylinder in an isobaric manner, adiabatic expansion is performed in the second gas piston cylinder, the temperature is reduced, and the low-temperature gas is transferred into the gas storage tank or the low-temperature tank in an isobaric manner to; during power generation, the low-temperature gas is subjected to adiabatic compression in the second gas piston cylinder, the temperature is increased, and the low-temperature gas is transferred to the high-temperature tank at equal pressure to perform isothermal expansion power generation; the gas piston cylinder realizes the energy-consumption-free temperature conversion of gas between high temperature and low temperature;
according to the control method, under the condition that solar energy is sufficiently charged, a solar thermal power station generates part of electric energy to be supplied to a power grid, the other part of electric energy is transmitted to first transmission equipment, the first transmission equipment pushes a piston rod of a first piston cylinder to move so that gas is subjected to isothermal compression in a high-temperature tank, meanwhile, heat emitted in the gas compression process heats water after exhaust steam is condensed through a first heat exchanger, and then the gas is transferred into a gas storage device from the high-temperature tank in an isobaric manner; under the condition of insufficient solar energy, gas is transferred into the high-temperature tank from the gas storage device in an isobaric manner, the gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the high-temperature tank, the gas applies work to push a piston rod of the first piston cylinder to move, and the transmission equipment generates power and transmits the power to a power grid;
under the condition of sufficient solar energy, one part of high-pressure gas generated by isothermal compression in a high-temperature tank is transferred into a gas storage tank in an isobaric manner, the other part of high-pressure gas is transferred into a low-temperature tank in an isobaric manner, or part of high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank is transferred into the low-temperature tank in an isobaric manner, the gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the low-temperature tank, exhaust steam heat is absorbed through a second heat exchanger and used for gas expansion, the exhaust steam condensation speed and efficiency of a solar thermal power station are improved, and meanwhile, electric energy generated by work done by gas expansion.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the gas storage device comprises a pressure-variable gas storage device or a constant-pressure gas storage device; the variable-pressure gas storage device comprises a gas storage tank; the constant-pressure gas storage device comprises a water pump direct control device or a piston control device; the water pump direct control device comprises an air storage tank, a water pump and a second liquid pool, and the water pump is connected with the air storage tank and the second liquid pool through a liquid pipeline; the piston control device comprises an air storage tank, a second piston cylinder and a second liquid pool, a piston cavity of the second piston cylinder is respectively connected with the air storage tank and the second liquid pool through liquid pipelines, and a piston rod of the first piston cylinder is coaxially connected with a piston rod of the second piston cylinder.
3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the piston rods of the piston cylinders are independently arranged, the piston rod of the first piston cylinder is connected with the first transmission device; and a piston rod of the second piston cylinder is connected with the second transmission equipment, and a piston rod of the third piston cylinder is connected with the power generation equipment.
4. The control method according to claim 3, wherein during energy storage, the first transmission device consumes energy to drive the piston rod in the first piston cylinder to move so as to isothermally compress gas in the high-temperature tank, the second transmission device consumes energy to drive the piston rod in the second piston cylinder to move, the gas is isobaric transferred from the high-temperature tank to the gas storage tank, and isothermal expansion of the gas in the low-temperature tank drives the piston rod in the third piston cylinder to move so as to drive the power generation device to generate power; when power is generated, the second transmission equipment consumes energy to drive a piston rod in the second piston cylinder to move, gas is transferred into the high-temperature tank from the gas storage tank at medium pressure, high-pressure gas is subjected to isothermal expansion in the high-temperature tank, and the piston rod of the first piston cylinder pushes the first transmission equipment to move to send out electric energy to be transmitted to a power grid.
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| TWI840179B (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2024-04-21 | 豐兆航太股份有限公司 | Pumped storage hydroelectric well |
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