CN211900714U - Heat pump energy storage system - Google Patents
Heat pump energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211900714U CN211900714U CN202020222736.4U CN202020222736U CN211900714U CN 211900714 U CN211900714 U CN 211900714U CN 202020222736 U CN202020222736 U CN 202020222736U CN 211900714 U CN211900714 U CN 211900714U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a heat pump energy storage system, this system is through coupling low temperature cold-storage unit and compression expansion unit in high temperature heat accumulation unit, make the system can utilize external cold source (like LNG) and external heat source (like renewable energy and industry waste heat), through increase isothermal compression expansion bypass in adiabatic compression expansion return circuit, reduce cold energy storage when making the system energy storage, increase heat source department flow during the release, there is the difference in the flow everywhere of messenger's system, and then improve the energy density and the energy utilization of system. During energy storage, the cold quantity is reduced through the side of a part of bypass expanders, so that the cold source is utilized during energy release, and during energy release, the turbine increasing device is added to form internal circulation, so that the flow of the heat source and the side of the expanders is improved, the heat absorption of the heat source and the work output of a system are increased, and in the system, the system efficiency can be improved under the condition that the system utilizes an external heat source due to the gradient utilization of heat.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fields such as compression energy storage, cold-storage heat accumulation, LNG cold energy utilization, renewable energy, waste heat utilization relate to an energy storage system, and in particular to heat pump energy storage system is the external cold and hot source of coupling, improves system energy density and energy utilization.
Background
The sustainable development of energy and environmental problems is the basis of national economic development, and the solution of the energy and environmental problems in the power industry is an important component for ensuring the sustainable development of the economy of China. The electric energy storage is one of key technologies for adjusting the energy structure of China, developing renewable energy sources on a large scale and improving energy safety, and the research of the large-scale energy storage technology has important theoretical and practical values.
The existing energy storage system comprises pumped storage, compressed air storage, compressed storage, a fuel cell, flywheel storage and the like, wherein a heat pump energy storage system converts electric energy into heat energy and cold energy through a high-pressure compressor and a high-pressure expander for storage, is not limited by the need of a large-scale gas storage chamber or a gas storage cave, belongs to a physical energy storage system, has small influence on the environment, and has the advantage of high energy density due to the fact that the heat pump energy storage system spans a large temperature range, so that the heat pump energy storage system is widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years. The renewable energy source has inherent defects of volatility and intermittency, and the problem of large-scale utilization can be effectively solved by coupling the renewable energy source with an energy storage system, wherein the coupling form comprises renewable energy source electricity storage utilization and renewable energy source heat storage utilization. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has abundant cold energy, and the cold energy is often wasted in the utilization of the LNG.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The above-mentioned defect and not enough to prior art, the utility model aims at providing a heat pump energy storage system, be one kind can effectively utilize renewable energy, the heat pump energy storage system of heat source cold sources such as industry waste heat and LNG cold energy, through coupling low temperature cold-storage unit and compression expansion unit in high temperature heat storage unit, make the system can utilize external cold source (like LNG) and external heat source (like renewable energy and industry waste heat), and through increase isothermal compression expansion bypass in adiabatic compression expansion return circuit, reduce cold energy storage when making the system energy storage, increase heat source department flow during the release, make the system flow everywhere have the difference, and then realize the nimble input of heat and cold volume, and then improve the energy density and the energy utilization ratio of system, this system has energy density height, characteristics such as high energy utilization ratio.
The utility model discloses a realize that the technical scheme that its technical purpose adopted does:
a heat pump energy storage system comprises a high-temperature heat storage unit, a low-temperature cold storage unit and a compression expansion unit,
the high-temperature heat storage unit at least comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank, a heat storage heat exchanger and a first normal-temperature heat storage tank, the high-temperature heat storage tank is communicated with the first normal-temperature heat storage tank through a first heat exchange side of the high-temperature heat storage tank through a pipeline, and a heat exchange pipeline communicated with an external heat source is further arranged in the high-temperature heat storage tank;
the low-temperature cold accumulation unit at least comprises a low-temperature cold accumulation tank, a cold accumulation heat exchanger and a second normal-temperature heat accumulation tank, the low-temperature cold accumulation tank is communicated with the second normal-temperature heat accumulation tank through a first heat exchange side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the low-temperature cold accumulation tank is also internally provided with a heat exchange pipeline communicated with an external cold source;
the compression and expansion unit comprises a plurality of adiabatic compression and expansion units, at least one isothermal compression and expansion unit and a plurality of air heat exchangers, each of the compression and expansion units comprises two air vents for air intake or exhaust, wherein when one air vent is used for air intake, the other air vent is used for air exhaust, and a first air vent of a first adiabatic compression and expansion unit is communicated with a second air vent of the first adiabatic compression and expansion unit through a pipeline at least sequentially passing through a first air heat exchanger, a second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, a second adiabatic compression and expansion unit, a second air heat exchanger and a second heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, so as to form an adiabatic compression and expansion loop; the first air port of the isothermal compression expansion unit is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the first air heat exchanger and the first adiabatic compression expansion unit through a bypass pipeline with a first control valve, and the other path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the first air heat exchanger and the heat storage heat exchanger through a bypass pipeline with a second control valve; and the second vent port of the isothermal compression expansion unit is also divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the second air heat exchanger and the cold accumulation heat exchanger through a bypass pipeline with a third control valve, and the other path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the second air heat exchanger and the second adiabatic compression expansion unit through a bypass pipeline with a fourth control valve.
The utility model discloses an among the above-mentioned heat pump energy storage system, the system is through increasing isothermal compression expansion bypass in adiabatic compression expansion return circuit, reduces cold energy storage when making the system energy storage, increases heat source department flow when releasing the energy, makes the system flow everywhere have the difference, and then realizes the nimble input of heat and cold volume, reaches the purpose that utilizes external cold source (like LNG) and external heat source (like renewable energy and industry waste heat) to improve the energy density and the energy utilization of system.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned heat pump energy storage system is when the energy storage, and the high pressure working medium after the high temperature heat accumulation unit cooling is partly or the whole isothermal expansion machine step-down of flowing through back, reduces cold volume and stores, gets into the energy storage compressor entry with the bypass form after the heat dissipation. The energy storage compressor is a multi-stage system, wherein one stage is driven by the isothermal expander during energy release, and the direct utilization of mechanical energy is realized.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned heat pump energy storage system is when releasing energy, and low pressure normal atmospheric temperature working medium absorbs the cold volume of external cold source in cold-storage heat exchanger, and the cold volume that also partly absorbed the energy storage process and stored realizes the absorption to external cold volume. When the system releases energy, the normal-pressure working medium at the outlet of the final-stage expander is partially pumped out and enters the isothermal compressor for compression, the compressed normal-temperature working medium enters the heat storage heat exchanger again to absorb the heat of an external heat source and the heat stored during energy storage, and the work output of the system is increased. The system air extraction position can be before and after the air radiator, and is determined according to the actual working condition.
Preferably, when the system is in an energy storage working mode, the first adiabatic compression expander set and the isothermal compression expander set are switched to an expansion mode, the second adiabatic compression expander set is switched to a compression mode, the heat storage fluid in the first normal-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the high-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, the cold storage fluid in the second normal-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the low-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, the second control valve and the fourth control valve are closed, the opening degrees of the first control valve and the third control valve are adjusted to control the flow of a bypass pipeline, after the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion loop is subjected to adiabatic compression and temperature rise by the second adiabatic compression expander set, the discharged high-pressure working medium sequentially passes through the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, The working medium releases cold energy when passing through the second heat exchange side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger, and continuously absorbs heat to be close to the normal temperature when passing through the second air heat exchanger, in the process, the compression heat is stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank, and the cold energy generated by expansion is stored in the low-temperature cold accumulation tank; meanwhile, part of the high-pressure working medium which is discharged after heat dissipation of the first air heat exchanger and is close to the normal temperature is introduced into the isothermal compression expansion unit through a bypass pipeline to perform isothermal expansion work, and the working medium after isothermal expansion is introduced into the air inlet side of the second air heat exchanger through the bypass pipeline.
Preferably, when the system is in an energy release working mode, the first adiabatic compression expander set and the isothermal compression expander set are switched to a compression mode, the second adiabatic compression expander set is switched to an expansion mode, the heat storage fluid in the high-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the first normal-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, the cold storage fluid in the low-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the second normal-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, the first control valve and the third control valve are closed, the opening degrees of the second control valve and the fourth control valve are adjusted to control the flow of a bypass pipeline, the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion loop passes through the second air heat exchanger, the discharged low-pressure working medium passes through the second air heat exchanger and the fourth air heat exchanger in sequence after the working medium in the adiabatic compression expander set is subjected to adiabatic expansion and temperature reduction, The working medium absorbs heat to be close to the normal temperature when passing through the first air heat exchanger and absorbs heat to continue heating when passing through the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the working medium absorbs heat to continue heating when passing through the first air heat exchanger and absorbs heat to release heat to be close to the normal temperature when passing through the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger; meanwhile, part of the low-pressure working medium discharged by the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit is introduced into the warm compression-expansion unit through a bypass pipeline for isothermal compression, and the working medium subjected to isothermal compression is introduced into the air inlet side of the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger through the bypass pipeline.
Preferably, the compression and expansion unit further includes at least one fourth adiabatic compression and expansion unit disposed between the cold storage heat exchanger and the first adiabatic compression and expansion unit, and at least one fifth adiabatic compression and expansion unit disposed between the heat storage heat exchanger and the second adiabatic compression and expansion unit.
Preferably, the adiabatic compression-expansion machine set and the isothermal compression-expansion machine set are compression-expansion integrated reversible equipment or a combination of independent compressors and independent expanders.
Preferably, a driving pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the high-temperature heat storage tank and the first normal-temperature heat storage tank and a communicating pipeline between the low-temperature heat storage tank and the second normal-temperature heat storage tank.
When the system is in an energy storage working mode, the heat storage fluid in the first normal-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the high-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger by using the driving pump, and the cold storage fluid in the second normal-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the low-temperature cold storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger by using the driving pump.
Further, when the system is in an energy release working mode, the driving pump is used for conveying the heat storage fluid in the high-temperature heat storage tank to the first normal-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the driving pump is used for conveying the cold storage fluid in the low-temperature cold storage tank to the second normal-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger.
Preferably, the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion loop is an inert gas such as air or helium.
Preferably, the high-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are one or more of double-tank indirect energy storage, single-tank energy storage, packed bed energy storage and spray bed energy storage.
Preferably, the adiabatic compression expansion unit and the isothermal compression expansion unit are one or a combination of several of a piston compressor, a centrifugal compressor, an axial flow compressor, a screw compressor and a rotor compressor.
Preferably, the heat storage and cold storage is one or a combination of more of a shell and tube type, a plate fin type, a plate type, a spiral tube type, a sleeve type, a plate shell type, a tube fin type and a heat pipe type of the heat exchanger.
Preferably, when the adiabatic compression expansion unit and the isothermal compression expansion unit are switched to the compression mode, the adiabatic compression expansion unit and the isothermal compression expansion unit are driven by the motor, and the electric energy is one or more of wind power generation, solar power generation and power grid combination.
Preferably, the adiabatic compression-expansion unit and the isothermal compression-expansion unit are in one or more stages.
Preferably, the isothermal compression expansion unit adopts a cylinder sleeve water or spraying mode to realize isothermal work.
Preferably, the external heat source is a heat source formed by renewable energy sources or a heat source formed by industrial waste heat, and the renewable energy sources are preferably wind energy, solar energy and/or biomass energy.
Preferably, the external cold source is LNG cold energy.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a heat pump energy storage system, through coupling low temperature cold-storage unit and compression expansion unit in high temperature heat accumulation unit, make the system can utilize external cold source (like LNG) and external heat source (like renewable energy and industry waste heat), and through increase isothermal compression expansion bypass in adiabatic compression expansion return circuit, reduce cold energy and store when making the system energy storage, increase heat source department flow during the release, make the system flow everywhere have the difference, and then realize the nimble input of heat and cold volume, and then improve the energy density and the energy utilization ratio of system, it is high to have energy density, characteristics such as high energy utilization ratio. When the system stores energy, the isothermal compression expansion bypass is added in the adiabatic compression expansion loop to reduce the storage of cold energy so as to facilitate the utilization of a cold source during energy release, when the system releases energy, the turbine adding device is added to form internal circulation, the flow of the heat source and the side of the expander is improved, the heat absorption of the heat source and the work output of the system are increased, and in the system, the system efficiency can be improved under the condition that the system utilizes an external heat source due to the gradient utilization of heat.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 1 of the heat pump energy storage system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a working flow of embodiment 1 of the heat pump energy storage system according to the present invention during energy storage;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working flow of embodiment 1 of the heat pump energy storage system according to the present invention during energy release;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the heat pump energy storage system of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the working flow of embodiment 2 of the heat pump energy storage system according to the present invention during energy storage;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the working flow of embodiment 2 of the heat pump energy storage system according to the present invention during energy release;
in the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
HT-high temperature heat storage tank, CT-low temperature cold storage tank, AT 1-first normal temperature heat storage tank, AT 2-second normal temperature heat storage tank, H1-heat storage heat exchanger, H2-cold storage heat exchanger, CE 1-first adiabatic compression expander set, CE 2-second adiabatic compression expander set, CE 3-isothermal compression expander set, CE 4-fourth adiabatic compression expander set, CE 5-fifth adiabatic compression expander set, R1-first air heat exchanger, R2-air heat exchanger, V1-V4-first to fourth control valves, LNG-liquefied natural gas
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to perform more detailed description on the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The structure and technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and an embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a heat pump energy storage system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the heat pump energy storage system of the present invention includes a high temperature heat storage unit, a low temperature cold storage unit and a compression expansion unit. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1:
the high-temperature heat storage unit comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank HT, a heat storage heat exchanger H1 and a first normal-temperature heat storage tank AT1, the high-temperature heat storage tank HT is communicated with the first normal-temperature heat storage tank AT1 through a first heat exchange side of the high-temperature heat storage tank HT through a pipeline, and the high-temperature heat storage tank HT is also internally provided with a heat exchange pipeline communicated with an external heat source and used for absorbing high-temperature heat energy in the external heat source; the low-temperature cold accumulation unit comprises a low-temperature cold accumulation tank CT, a cold accumulation heat exchanger H2 and a second normal-temperature heat accumulation tank AT2, wherein the low-temperature cold accumulation tank CT is communicated with the second normal-temperature heat accumulation tank AT2 through a first heat exchange side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger H2 through a pipeline, and a heat exchange pipeline communicated with an external cold source is further arranged in the low-temperature cold accumulation tank CT and used for absorbing low-temperature cold energy in the external cold source.
The compression and expansion unit comprises a plurality of adiabatic compression and expansion units, an isothermal compression and expansion unit and a plurality of air heat exchangers, each compression and expansion unit comprises two air vents for air intake or exhaust, when one air vent is used for air intake, the other air vent is used for air exhaust, wherein the first air vent of the first adiabatic compression and expansion unit CE1 at least sequentially passes through the first air heat exchanger R1, the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger H1, the second adiabatic compression and expansion unit CE2, the second air heat exchanger R2 and the second heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger H2 through pipelines and then is communicated with the second air vent of the first adiabatic compression and expansion unit CE1, so that an adiabatic compression and expansion loop is formed; the first air port of the isothermal compression expansion unit CE3 is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the first air heat exchanger and the first adiabatic compression expansion unit CE1 through a bypass pipeline with a first control valve V1, and the other path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the first air heat exchanger R1 and the heat storage heat exchanger H1 through a bypass pipeline with a second control valve V2; the second vent of the isothermal compression expander unit CE3 is also divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the second air heat exchanger R2 and the cold accumulation heat exchanger H2 through a bypass pipeline with a third control valve V3, and the other path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the second air heat exchanger R2 and the second adiabatic compression expander unit CE2 through a bypass pipeline with a fourth control valve V4.
As shown in fig. 2, when the system is in the energy storage operation mode, the first adiabatic compression expander unit CE1 and the isothermal compression expander unit CE3 are switched to the expansion mode, the second adiabatic compression expander unit CE2 is switched to the compression mode, the heat storage fluid in the first normal-temperature heat storage tank AT1 is delivered to the high-temperature heat storage tank HT through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger H1, the cold storage fluid in the second normal-temperature heat storage tank AT2 is delivered to the low-temperature heat storage tank CT through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger H2, the second control valve V2 and the fourth control valve V4 are closed, the opening degrees of the first control valve V1 and the third control valve V3 are adjusted to control the flow rate of the bypass pipeline, after the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion loop is adiabatically compressed and heated in the second adiabatic compression expander unit 2, the discharged high-pressure working medium sequentially passes through the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger H1, the first air R1 and then passes through the first adiabatic compression expander unit CE1 to perform the adiabatic compression expansion, then the working medium passes through a second heat exchange side of a cold accumulation heat exchanger H2 and a second air heat exchanger R2 in sequence and then is introduced into a second adiabatic compression expander set CE2 to be compressed continuously, the working medium releases heat when passing through the second heat exchange side of a heat accumulation heat exchanger H1 and continuously radiates to the temperature close to the normal temperature when passing through a first air heat exchanger R1, the working medium releases cold when passing through the second heat exchange side of a cold accumulation heat exchanger H2 and continuously absorbs heat to the temperature close to the normal temperature when passing through a second air heat exchanger R2, in the process, the compressed heat is stored in a high-temperature heat accumulation tank HT, and the cold generated by expansion is stored in a low-temperature cold accumulation tank CT; meanwhile, part of the high-pressure working medium which is discharged after heat dissipation by the first air heat exchanger R1 and is close to the normal temperature is introduced into the isothermal compression expansion unit CE3 through a bypass pipeline to perform isothermal expansion work, and the working medium after isothermal expansion is introduced into the air inlet side of the second air heat exchanger R2 through the bypass pipeline.
As shown in fig. 3, when the system is in the energy release operation mode, the first adiabatic compression expander set CE1 and the isothermal compression expander set CE3 are switched to the compression mode, the second adiabatic compression expander set CE2 is switched to the expansion mode, the heat storage fluid in the high-temperature heat storage tank HT is delivered to the first normal-temperature heat storage tank AT1 through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger H1, the cold storage fluid in the low-temperature heat storage tank CT is delivered to the second normal-temperature heat storage tank AT2 through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger H2, the first control valve V1 and the third control valve V3 are closed, the opening degrees of the second control valve V2 and the fourth control valve V4 are adjusted to control the flow rate of the bypass line, the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion loop is cooled down through the second adiabatic compression expander set CE2, the discharged low-pressure working medium passes through the second air heat exchanger R2 and the second heat exchange side of the cold storage H2 in turn, and then passes through the first adiabatic compression expander set CE1, then the working medium passes through a first air heat exchanger R1 and a second heat exchange side of a heat storage heat exchanger H1 in sequence and then is introduced into a second adiabatic compression expansion unit CE2 to continue adiabatic expansion, the working medium is radiated to be close to the normal temperature when passing through a second air heat exchanger R2, and absorbs cold energy to continue cooling when passing through a second heat exchange side of a cold storage heat exchanger H2, the working medium absorbs heat to be close to the normal temperature when passing through a first air heat exchanger R1 and absorbs heat to continue heating when passing through a second heat exchange side of a heat storage heat exchanger H1, in the process, hot fluid in a high-temperature heat storage tank HT releases heat and then is introduced into a first normal-temperature heat storage tank AT1, and cold fluid in a low-temperature heat storage tank CT releases cold energy and then is introduced into a second normal-temperature heat storage; meanwhile, part of the low-pressure working medium discharged from the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit CE2 is introduced into the warm compression-expansion unit CE3 through a bypass pipeline for isothermal compression, and the working medium subjected to isothermal compression is introduced into the air inlet side of the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger H1 through the bypass pipeline.
Example 2
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a heat pump energy storage system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. The system comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank HT, a low-temperature heat storage tank CT, a first normal-temperature heat storage tank AT1, a second normal-temperature heat storage tank AT2, a heat storage heat exchanger H1, a cold storage heat exchanger H2, a first adiabatic compression expansion unit, a second adiabatic compression expansion unit, a fourth adiabatic compression expansion unit, a fifth adiabatic compression expansion unit (CE1, CE2, CE4 and CE5), an isothermal compression expansion unit CE3 and other auxiliary equipment, wherein the isothermal compression expansion unit CE3 is in transmission connection with the second adiabatic compression expansion unit CE2 through a coupling CL. In comparison with embodiment 1, in the present embodiment, a fourth adiabatic compression-expansion unit CE4 and a fifth adiabatic compression-expansion unit CE5 are further provided in the compression-expansion unit, the fourth adiabatic compression-expansion unit is provided between the cold storage heat exchanger H2 and the first adiabatic compression-expansion unit, and the fifth adiabatic compression-expansion unit is provided between the heat storage heat exchanger H1 and the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit.
During energy storage, as shown in fig. 5, through the heat exchange effect between the second air heat exchanger R2 and the environment, the working medium close to the normal temperature enters the second and fifth adiabatic compression and expansion units CE2 and CE5 switched to the compression mode, after being compressed, the working medium is heated and pressurized, the temperature of the heated and pressurized working medium is close to the normal temperature after being released heat at the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger H1, and simultaneously the heat enters the high-temperature heat storage tank HT, then the temperature of the working medium is closer to the normal temperature under the effect of the first air heat exchanger R1, at this time, a part of the working medium enters the first and fourth adiabatic compression and expansion units CE1 and CE 7 switched to the expansion mode, and is expanded to reduce the temperature and apply work and generate cold, and a part of the working medium enters the isothermal compression and expansion unit CE3 switched to the expansion mode under the adjusting effect of the valves V35. The cold energy at the outlet of the fourth heat insulation compression expansion unit CE4 is absorbed by the cold storage working medium in the second heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger H2 and stored in the cold storage tank CT. The working medium is changed into a normal temperature state through the heat radiation effect of the second air heat exchanger R2, and enters the second adiabatic compression expansion unit CE2 to complete a cycle. The proportion of the working medium that is bypassed to the isothermal compression expander train CE3 depends on the actual operating conditions of the system. During this period, if there is excess renewable energy and industrial waste heat, it can be stored in the high temperature heat storage tank HT, ready for the energy release phase. While the second adiabatic compression expander train CE2 is driven directly by the isothermal compression expander train CE 3.
During energy release, as shown in fig. 6, the working medium at normal temperature absorbs the cold of LNG and cold storage tank CT in the second heat exchange side of cold storage heat exchanger H2, the working medium at low temperature enters the fourth adiabatic compression expansion unit CE4, CE1 switched to compression mode, is pressurized to high pressure state and is close to normal temperature, after the action of the first air heat exchanger R1, is closer to normal temperature state, and then enters the second heat exchange side of the high temperature heat accumulator H1 to absorb the heat storage energy and the external energy heat storage energy (renewable energy, industrial waste heat and the like) from the energy storage process, the working medium after heat absorption becomes high temperature and high pressure state, and then enters the second and fifth adiabatic compression expansion unit CE2, CE5 switched to expansion mode to expand to do work, a part of the working medium at expansion outlet enters the second air heat exchanger R2 and cold storage heat exchanger H2 to repeat the above cycle, and the other part of the working medium passes through control valve V4, c, After the V2 is regulated, the heat is compressed to a normal-temperature high-pressure state by an isothermal compression expansion unit CE3 switched to a compression mode, and then enters a second heat exchange side of the high-temperature heat storage heat exchanger H1 again for heat absorption and then enters an expansion machine for expansion and work, so that an internal circulation is formed, the flow of the expansion machine is increased, and the energy density of the system is improved. Meanwhile, the isothermal compression-expansion unit CE3 is directly driven by the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit CE 2.
Through the above-mentioned embodiment, the purpose of the utility model is realized completely effectively. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, what is described in the accompanying drawings and the foregoing detailed description. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications, which are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump energy storage system comprises a high-temperature heat storage unit, a low-temperature cold storage unit and a compression expansion unit,
the high-temperature heat storage unit at least comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank, a heat storage heat exchanger and a first normal-temperature heat storage tank, the high-temperature heat storage tank is communicated with the first normal-temperature heat storage tank through a first heat exchange side of the high-temperature heat storage tank through a pipeline, and a heat exchange pipeline communicated with an external heat source is further arranged in the high-temperature heat storage tank;
the low-temperature cold accumulation unit at least comprises a low-temperature cold accumulation tank, a cold accumulation heat exchanger and a second normal-temperature heat accumulation tank, the low-temperature cold accumulation tank is communicated with the second normal-temperature heat accumulation tank through a first heat exchange side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the low-temperature cold accumulation tank is also internally provided with a heat exchange pipeline communicated with an external cold source;
the compression and expansion unit comprises a plurality of adiabatic compression and expansion units, at least one isothermal compression and expansion unit and a plurality of air heat exchangers, each of the compression and expansion units comprises two air vents for air intake or exhaust, wherein when one air vent is used for air intake, the other air vent is used for air exhaust, and a first air vent of a first adiabatic compression and expansion unit is communicated with a second air vent of the first adiabatic compression and expansion unit through a pipeline at least sequentially passing through a first air heat exchanger, a second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, a second adiabatic compression and expansion unit, a second air heat exchanger and a second heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, so as to form an adiabatic compression and expansion loop; the first air port of the isothermal compression expansion unit is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the first air heat exchanger and the first adiabatic compression expansion unit through a bypass pipeline with a first control valve, and the other path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the first air heat exchanger and the heat storage heat exchanger through a bypass pipeline with a second control valve; and the second vent port of the isothermal compression expansion unit is also divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the second air heat exchanger and the cold accumulation heat exchanger through a bypass pipeline with a third control valve, and the other path is communicated with a communication pipeline between the second air heat exchanger and the second adiabatic compression expansion unit through a bypass pipeline with a fourth control valve.
2. The heat pump energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein when the system is in the energy storage operation mode, the first adiabatic compression expander set and the isothermal compression expander set are switched to the expansion mode, the second adiabatic compression expander set is switched to the compression mode, the heat storage fluid in the first normal-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the high-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, the cold storage fluid in the second normal-temperature heat storage tank is conveyed to the low-temperature cold storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, the second control valve and the fourth control valve are closed, the opening degrees of the first control valve and the third control valve are adjusted to control the flow rate of the bypass pipeline, and the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion loop is heated after the second adiabatic compression expander set is subjected to adiabatic compression, the discharged high-pressure working medium sequentially passes through a second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger and a first air heat exchanger, then is introduced into the first adiabatic compression expansion unit for adiabatic expansion and cooling, then sequentially passes through a second heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger and a second air heat exchanger, then is introduced into the second adiabatic compression expansion unit for continuous compression, releases heat when passing through the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, and continuously dissipates heat to be close to normal temperature when passing through the first air heat exchanger, releases cold when passing through the second heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, and continuously absorbs heat to be close to normal temperature when passing through the second air heat exchanger, in the process, the compression heat is stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank, and the cold generated by expansion is stored in the low-temperature cold storage tank; meanwhile, part of the high-pressure working medium which is discharged after heat dissipation of the first air heat exchanger and is close to the normal temperature is introduced into the isothermal compression expansion unit through a bypass pipeline to perform isothermal expansion work, and the working medium after isothermal expansion is introduced into the air inlet side of the second air heat exchanger through the bypass pipeline.
3. The heat pump energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein when the system is in the energy release operation mode, the first adiabatic compression-expansion unit and the isothermal compression-expansion unit are switched to the compression mode, the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit is switched to the expansion mode, the heat storage fluid in the high-temperature heat storage tank is delivered to the first normal-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger, the cold storage fluid in the low-temperature heat storage tank is delivered to the second normal-temperature heat storage tank through the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger, the first control valve and the third control valve are closed, the opening degrees of the second control valve and the fourth control valve are adjusted to control the flow rate of the bypass pipeline, and the working medium in the adiabatic compression-expansion loop is cooled after the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit is adiabatically expanded, the discharged low-pressure working medium sequentially passes through the second air heat exchanger and the second heat exchange side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger and then is introduced into the first adiabatic compression expansion unit for adiabatic compression, and then sequentially passes through the second heat exchange sides of the first air heat exchanger and the heat accumulation heat exchanger and then is introduced into the second adiabatic compression expansion unit for adiabatic expansion, the working medium radiates heat to be close to the normal temperature when passing through the second air heat exchanger and absorbs cold energy to continue cooling when passing through the second heat exchange side of the cold accumulation heat exchanger, the working medium absorbs heat to be close to the normal temperature when passing through the first air heat exchanger and absorbs heat to continue heating when passing through the second heat exchange side of the heat accumulation heat exchanger, in the process, the hot fluid in the high-temperature heat storage tank releases heat and then is introduced into the first normal-temperature heat storage tank, and the cold fluid in the low-temperature heat storage tank releases cold and then is introduced into the second normal-temperature heat storage tank; meanwhile, part of the low-pressure working medium discharged by the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit is introduced into the warm compression-expansion unit through a bypass pipeline for isothermal compression, and the working medium subjected to isothermal compression is introduced into the air inlet side of the second heat exchange side of the heat storage heat exchanger through the bypass pipeline.
4. The heat pump energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the compression-expansion unit further comprises at least a fourth adiabatic compression-expansion unit disposed between the cold-storage heat exchanger and the first adiabatic compression-expansion unit, and at least a fifth adiabatic compression-expansion unit disposed between the heat-storage heat exchanger and the second adiabatic compression-expansion unit.
5. The heat pump energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the adiabatic compression-expansion machine set, the isothermal compression-expansion machine set are compression-expansion integrated reversible devices, or a combination of independent compressors and expanders.
6. The heat pump energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein a drive pump is provided on a communication line between the high-temperature heat storage tank and the first normal-temperature heat storage tank and on a communication line between the low-temperature heat storage tank and the second normal-temperature heat storage tank.
7. The heat pump energy storage system of claim 6 wherein, in the energy storage mode of operation, the drive pump is used to transfer the thermal storage fluid in the first ambient heat storage tank to the high temperature thermal storage tank via the first heat exchange side of the thermal storage heat exchanger, and the drive pump is used to transfer the cold storage fluid in the second ambient heat storage tank to the low temperature cold storage tank via the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger.
8. The heat pump energy storage system of claim 6 wherein, when the system is in the energy release mode of operation, the drive pump is used to transfer the thermal storage fluid in the high temperature thermal storage tank to the first ambient thermal storage tank via the first heat exchange side of the thermal storage heat exchanger, and the drive pump is used to transfer the cold storage fluid in the low temperature thermal storage tank to the second ambient thermal storage tank via the first heat exchange side of the cold storage heat exchanger.
9. The heat pump energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the working medium in the adiabatic compression expansion circuit is air or helium.
10. The heat pump energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the high-temperature and low-temperature heat storage tanks are one or more of double-tank indirect energy storage, single-tank energy storage, packed bed energy storage and trickle bed energy storage.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111219216A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Heat pump energy storage system and method capable of utilizing external heat source and cold source |
| CN114199061A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Cold and heat energy storage and reuse method using industrial waste heat and energy storage power generation system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111219216A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Heat pump energy storage system and method capable of utilizing external heat source and cold source |
| CN114199061A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Cold and heat energy storage and reuse method using industrial waste heat and energy storage power generation system |
| CN114199061B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-03-29 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Cold and hot energy storage and recycling method utilizing industrial waste heat and energy storage power generation system |
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