CN114001270B - Water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system and method - Google Patents
Water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114001270B CN114001270B CN202111111169.0A CN202111111169A CN114001270B CN 114001270 B CN114001270 B CN 114001270B CN 202111111169 A CN202111111169 A CN 202111111169A CN 114001270 B CN114001270 B CN 114001270B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
- F17D1/065—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours
- F17D1/07—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours by compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
- F17D1/14—Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/031—Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
- F17C2227/0348—Water cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-air-heat integrated energy storage system and a method. The system comprises a plurality of pressure containers, a water pump, a water turbine, a generator motor driving controller, an air pump, a heat source and a radiator; the generator motor is connected with a power grid through a generator motor driving controller; the generator motor is respectively connected with the water pump and the water turbine; the pressure vessels are connected with each other; at least one pressure container is respectively connected with a heat source, a radiator and an air pump, and the other pressure containers are respectively connected with a water pump and a water turbine; the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four sequential and parallel stages of temperature reduction of the pressure vessel, energy storage of the pressure vessel, heating and pressurizing of the pressure vessel and energy release and power generation. The invention uses liquid as the working medium for energy storage and release, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and improve the system efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage of novel power systems, in particular to a water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system and a method.
Background
In the power system, the duty ratio of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like in the whole power system is higher and higher, but the controllability of the energy sources such as the solar energy and the wind energy is low due to the restriction of natural conditions, and a large amount of energy storage capacity is required to be configured in the power system so as to meet the reliability requirement of the power system. Common energy storage forms include pumped storage, compressed air storage, electrochemical storage and the like. Pumped storage has the advantages of large capacity and high storage efficiency, but pumped storage power stations have high site selection requirements and long construction period, and most of the pumped storage power stations are far away from a load center, so that the application of the pumped storage power stations is limited. The compressed air energy storage is low in efficiency due to the fact that a large amount of heat exchange is carried out in the compression process and the expansion process, improvement is needed through measures such as afterburning, and the site selection of the power station is limited due to the large-capacity gas storage space. The electrochemical energy storage has the advantages of high storage efficiency and quick response, but has lower safety and shorter service life, and the post-treatment of the energy storage battery has the risk of environmental pollution.
The document (Hou Fubin, wang Huanran, cardia, feng Liang, du Chaoyun) discloses a pumping compressed air energy storage system without a dam, which introduces a composite system of pumping compressed air energy storage technology without a post combustion type without a dam, which adopts compressed air energy storage and power generation, and uses pumping energy storage for echelon utilization and has a complex process.
Document (Li Cheng, li Yufeng, zhang Yan, yang Zhenshuai, wang Huanran) is a novel steam constant-pressure pumping compressed air energy storage system and thermodynamic analysis [ J ] of the university of Western-style traffic, 2021,55 (06): 84-91.), constant-pressure operation of the energy release process is realized by utilizing latent heat and sensible heat released by the steam condensation process, and meanwhile, the steam is involved in acting after condensation, the capacity and energy storage density of the system are improved, and the energy consumed by the energy storage process cannot be reduced.
The literature (Wang Shan. Research on thermodynamic performance of compressed air energy storage coupled solar auxiliary heating system [ D ]. University of North China electric power, 2019 ]) is characterized in that solar heating is added to improve energy storage density when adiabatic compressed air energy storage, and working medium adopts air, and energy is stored and released by a compressor and a turbine.
Document "a high-pressure adiabatic gas storage pumped compressed air energy storage system" (ZL 201810291346X) reduces energy loss by adiabatic but cannot reduce the energy consumed by the stored energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water-air-heat integrated energy storage system and a method, which reduce the pressure in a pressure container by cooling the gas in the container, so as to reduce the energy consumed by energy storage; the pressure in the container is increased by heating the gas in the pressure container, the energy emitted by energy release is increased, the processes of energy storage and energy release are simplified, and the efficiency of the energy storage system is improved.
The object of the invention is achieved by at least one of the following technical solutions.
A hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system comprises a plurality of pressure vessels, a water pump, a water turbine, a generator motor driving controller, an air pump, a heat source and a radiator;
the generator motor is connected with a power grid through a generator motor driving controller; the generator motor is respectively connected with the water pump and the water turbine; the pressure vessels are connected with each other;
at least one pressure container is respectively connected with a heat source, a radiator and an air pump, and the other pressure containers are respectively connected with a water pump and a water turbine;
the heat source is used for heating the gas in the pressure vessel in the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure vessel; the air pump is used for supplementing the air in the pressure container; the radiator cools the gas in the pressure vessel in the cooling stage of the pressure vessel; the water pump and the water turbine are respectively used for realizing the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure vessel;
the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four sequential and parallel stages of temperature reduction of the pressure vessel, energy storage of the pressure vessel, heating and pressurizing of the pressure vessel and energy release and power generation.
Further, the generator motor is connected with the water pump and the water turbine through the transmission mechanism respectively;
the generator motor is connected with the water pump and the water turbine in a time-sharing way, so that the energy storage and the energy release power generation of the pressure container are respectively realized;
in the energy storage stage of the pressure vessels, the generator motor driving controller obtains electric energy from a power grid and controls the generator motor driving water pump to transfer water between different pressure vessels;
in the energy release power generation stage, the water turbine in the pressure container is driven to operate and drive the power generation motor to generate power, and electric energy is output to a power grid; the type of the generator motor is a double-fed asynchronous motor or a synchronous motor;
the generator motor works in a motor state in the energy storage stage of the pressure vessel, and the water pump is driven to work under the drive of the generator motor driving controller to send water into the pressure vessel;
the generator motor works in a generator state in the energy release and generation stage, and is driven by the water turbine to generate electricity under the control of the generator motor driving controller;
the generator motor driving controller adopts different forms according to the structure of the generator motor, a double-fed converter is adopted when the generator motor is a double-fed asynchronous motor, and a full-power converter is adopted when the generator motor is a synchronous motor;
the variable speed constant frequency power generation system is formed by the power generation and the power generation motor, and the variable speed driving system is formed by the power generation and the power generation motor.
Further, the water pump and the water turbine can be independently configured or combined into a water pump and a water turbine, and the water pump and the water turbine or the water pump and the water turbine are connected with the generator motor through a transmission mechanism.
Further, the pressure vessels are used for storing water and/or compressed gas, and the pressure vessels are connected through gas transmission pipelines and gas transmission valves;
the pressure container is respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the water pump through an energy storage pipeline and an energy storage valve; the pressure vessel is respectively connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water turbine through an energy release pipeline and an energy release valve;
the pressure container is connected with an air pump through an air supplementing pipeline and an air supplementing valve and is used for supplementing the air quantity in the pressure container.
Further, two heat exchangers are arranged in the pressure container, the two heat exchangers in the pressure container are respectively connected with the heat source and the heat exchanger in the radiator through a heating valve and a radiating valve, so that heat exchange is realized, gas in the pressure container is heated in an energy release power generation stage and a pressure container heating and pressurizing stage to increase the generating capacity of the pressure in the pressure container in an energy release stage, and the gas in the pressure container is radiated in an energy storage stage and a pressure container cooling stage of the pressure container to reduce the energy consumed in the pressure container in an energy storage stage.
Further, the heat source is geothermal, solar energy, biomass energy, methane, fuel gas and chemical fuel, and the heat source is used for generating high-temperature energy by a physical and chemical method and heating the gas in the pressure container through the heat exchanger, so that the pressure in the pressure container is improved, and the heating and pressurizing of the pressure container are realized;
the radiator is used for cooling the gas in the pressure vessel through the heat exchanger, so that the pressure in the pressure vessel is reduced, the temperature of the pressure vessel is reduced, and the energy consumed during energy storage is reduced.
Further, a spraying device is arranged in the pressure container; the spraying device is connected with the water pump through the energy storage pipeline and the energy storage valve, and sprays the water sent by the water pump into the pressure vessel in a spraying mode to cool the gas in the pressure vessel.
Further, the pressure container is communicated with the atmosphere through the air communication valve, the pressure is balanced with the atmosphere, and when the pressure of the pressure container exceeds the limit, the pressure container is communicated with the atmosphere to release the pressure, so that the pressure container is protected.
Further, a heat insulation module is arranged in the pressure container;
the heat insulation module is made of heat insulation materials and floats on the water surface in the pressure container, so that heat exchange between water and gas in the pressure container is reduced.
Further, in the water vapor heat integrated energy storage system, the pressure vessel cooling stage and the pressure vessel energy storage stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel cooling stage is performed first and then the pressure vessel energy storage stage is started; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy release power generation stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage is performed first and then the energy release power generation stage is started;
the water enters another pressure container of input water from the pressure container of output water, and returns to the original pressure container of output water, thus completing the hydro-thermal comprehensive energy storage method of once energy storage and energy release circulation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: in the cooling stage of the pressure container, all valves are closed, after all transmission mechanisms are disconnected, gas transmission valves which are interconnected between the cooling valves and the pressure container are opened, and a heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with a heat exchanger in the radiator to take out heat in the pressure container, so that gas in the pressure container is cooled, and the gas pressure in the pressure container is reduced; the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy storage stage of the pressure container, and the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container cannot be finished later than the energy storage stage of the pressure container;
s2: the energy storage stage of the pressure container, after the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container lasts for a period of time, the corresponding gas transmission valve of the pressure container of the output water is closed, the energy storage valve of the pressure container of the output water connected with the water inlet of the water pump, the energy storage valve of the pressure container of the input water connected with the water outlet of the water pump and the corresponding gas communication valve of the pressure container of the output water are opened, the power generation motor is connected with the transmission mechanism between the water pump, the water pump is driven by the power generation motor in a motor state to absorb energy from a power grid through the power generation motor driving controller, the water pump pumps water from the pressure container of the output water, the pressure container of the input water is pumped with water through the sprayer, and the pressure container of the input water is internally compressed due to the increase of liquid, so that the energy storage is realized;
s3: in the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container, the heat dissipation valve is closed, the pressure container of the output water is connected with the energy storage valve of the water inlet of the water pump, and the pressure container of the input water is connected with the energy storage valve of the water outlet of the water pump; the heat source works to generate high temperature, the heating valve is opened, the heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with the heat exchanger in the heat source, and the heat in the heat source is sent into the pressure container, so that the temperature of gas in the pressure container is increased, and the pressure of the gas in the pressure container is further increased; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy release power generation stage are partially overlapped, and the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage cannot be finished later than the energy release power generation stage;
s4: in the energy release power generation stage, a transmission mechanism between a power generation motor and a water pump is disconnected, the transmission mechanism between the power generation motor and a water turbine is connected, an energy release valve of a water outlet of the water turbine is connected with a pressure container of output water, the energy release valve of a water inlet of the water turbine is opened, water in the pressure container of the input water enters the water turbine through an energy release pipeline, the water turbine drives the power generation motor in a power generator state through the transmission mechanism, energy is transmitted to a power grid through a power generation motor driving controller, and after the water comes out of the water turbine, the water enters the pressure container of the output water through the energy release pipeline;
the pressure vessel of the output water and the pressure vessel of the input water have the same function, and the pipeline and the valve connected with the pressure vessel of the output water have the same function.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages and effects:
the invention has simple operation process, high efficiency, easy realization and easy maintenance and management.
The invention integrates the advantages of pumped storage and compressed air storage, can fully utilize heat sources with various qualities, and has high efficiency and lower cost.
As described above, the technical means of the invention is simple and easy to implement, meets the requirements of peak clipping and valley filling of the power system, and improves the stability of the power system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hydro-thermal energy storage system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an adjusted hydro-thermal energy storage system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an adjusted structure of a hydro-thermal energy storage system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sequence chart of four working phases of the hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1:
the water-air-heat integrated energy storage system comprises a first pressure container 11, a second pressure container 12, a third pressure container 13, a water pump 21, a water turbine 3, a generator motor 4, a generator motor driving controller 5, an air pump 22, a heat source 62 and a radiator 61, as shown in fig. 1;
wherein, the generator motor 4 is connected with a power grid through a generator motor driving controller 5; the generator motor 4 is respectively connected with the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3; the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are connected to each other;
in the embodiment, the first pressure container 11 and the second pressure container 12 are respectively connected with the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3;
the third pressure vessel 13 is connected to the heat source 62, the radiator 61 and the air pump 22, respectively;
the heat source 62 is used to heat the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 during the pressure vessel heating pressurization phase; the air pump 22 is used for supplementing the air in the third pressure container 13; the radiator 61 cools the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 in the pressure vessel cooling stage; the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 are respectively used for realizing the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure vessel;
the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four sequential and parallel stages of temperature reduction of the pressure vessel, energy storage of the pressure vessel, heating and pressurizing of the pressure vessel and energy release and power generation.
In the present embodiment, the generator motor 4 is connected to the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 through the first transmission mechanism 91 and the second transmission mechanism 92, respectively;
the generator motor 4 is connected with the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 in a time-sharing way to respectively realize the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure container;
in the energy storage stage of the pressure vessel, the generator motor driving controller 5 obtains electric energy from an electric network and controls the generator motor 4 to drive the water pump 21 to transfer water from the first pressure vessel 11 to the second pressure vessel 12;
in the energy release power generation stage, the water turbine 3 extracts water in the first pressure container 11 or the second pressure container 12, drives the generator motor 4 to generate power, and outputs electric energy to a power grid.
In the present embodiment, the generator motor 4 is a double-fed asynchronous motor;
the generator motor 4 works in a motor state in the energy storage stage of the pressure vessel, and drives the water pump 21 to work under the drive of the generator motor drive controller 5 so as to pump water into the first pressure vessel 11 or the second pressure vessel 12;
the generator motor 4 works in a generator state in the energy release and generation stage, and is driven by the water turbine 3 to generate electricity under the control of the generator motor driving controller 5;
in this embodiment, the generator motor drive controller 5 employs a double-fed current transformer, and forms a variable speed constant frequency power generation system with the generator motor 4 during power generation, and forms a variable speed drive system with the generator motor 4 during power generation.
In this embodiment, the pressure vessel is used for storing water and/or compressed gas, and the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are connected with the first gas transmission valve 851, the second gas transmission valve 852 and the third gas transmission valve 853 through gas transmission pipelines;
the first pressure container 11 is connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the water pump 21 through an energy storage pipeline and a first energy storage valve 821 and a second energy storage valve 822 respectively, and the second pressure container 12 is connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water pump 21 through an energy storage pipeline and a third energy storage valve 823 and a fourth energy storage valve 824 respectively;
the first pressure vessel 11 is connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water turbine 3 through an energy release pipeline, a first energy release valve 831 and a third energy release valve 833 respectively, and the second pressure vessel 12 is connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water turbine 3 through an energy release pipeline, a second energy release valve 832 and a fourth energy release valve 834 respectively;
the third pressure container 13 is connected with the air pump 22 through an air supplementing pipeline and an air supplementing valve 825 for supplementing the air quantity in the third pressure container 13;
in this embodiment, the third pressure vessel 13 is provided with a first heat exchanger 711 and a third heat exchanger 713, the first heat exchanger 711 and the third heat exchanger 713 in the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively connected with the heat source 62 and the second heat exchanger 712 and the fourth heat exchanger 724 in the radiator 61 through a heating valve 862 and a heat dissipation valve 861, so as to realize heat exchange, heat the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 in the energy release power generation stage and the pressure vessel heating pressurization stage, and heat the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 in the pressure vessel energy storage stage and the pressure vessel cooling stage.
In this embodiment, the heat source 62 is a physical and chemical energy source for generating high temperature by geothermal, solar, biomass, biogas, gas and chemical fuel, and is used for heating the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 by the second heat exchanger 712, so as to increase the pressure in the third pressure vessel 13, and realize heating and pressurization of the pressure vessel;
the radiator 61 is configured to cool the gas in the third pressure container 13 by using the fourth heat exchanger 724, thereby reducing the pressure in the third pressure container 13, realizing cooling of the pressure container, and reducing the energy consumed during energy storage.
In the present embodiment, the first spraying device 731 and the second spraying device 732 are respectively installed in the first pressure container 11 and the second pressure container 12; the first spraying device 731 and the second spraying device 732 are respectively connected with the water pump 21 through the energy storage pipeline, the first energy storage valve 821 and the third energy storage valve 823, and spray the water sent by the water pump 21 into the first pressure container 11 and the second pressure container 12 in a spraying mode to cool the gas in the pressure containers.
In the present embodiment, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the first pressure vessel 13 are respectively communicated with the atmosphere through a first gas communication valve 811, a second gas communication valve 812 and a third gas communication valve 813, and are communicated with the atmosphere to release the pressure when the pressure of the pressure vessels exceeds the limit.
The first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the first pressure vessel 13 are respectively communicated with the atmosphere through a fourth air communication valve 871, a fifth air communication valve 872 and a sixth air communication valve 873, balance the pressure with the atmosphere, and communicate with the atmosphere for releasing the pressure when the pressure of the pressure vessels exceeds the limit.
In the present embodiment, the first pressure vessel 11 and the second pressure vessel 12 are provided with a first heat insulation module 721 and a second heat insulation module 722, respectively;
the first and second heat insulating modules 721 and 722 are made of a heat insulating material, respectively, floating on the water surface inside the first and second pressure vessels 11 and 12, for reducing heat exchange between the water and the gas in the pressure vessels.
In the water-gas-heat integrated energy storage system, the pressure vessel cooling stage and the pressure vessel energy storage stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel cooling stage is performed first and then the pressure vessel energy storage stage is started; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy release power generation stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage is performed first and then the energy release power generation stage is started;
in this embodiment, water enters the first pressure vessel 11 from the second pressure vessel 12 and returns to the second pressure vessel 12 from the first pressure vessel 11; the hydro-pneumatic-thermal comprehensive energy storage method for completing one-time energy storage and release cycle specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: in the cooling stage of the pressure vessel, all valves are closed, after all transmission mechanisms are disconnected, the cooling valve 861, the first air transmission valve 851 and the third air transmission valve 853 are opened, the third heat exchanger 713 in the third pressure vessel 13 is communicated with the fourth heat exchanger 714 in the radiator 61, heat in the third pressure vessel 13 is taken out, the air in the third pressure vessel 13 is cooled, and then the air pressure in the third pressure vessel 13 and the air pressure in the first pressure vessel 11 are reduced; the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy storage stage of the pressure container;
s2: in the pressure vessel energy storage stage, after the pressure vessel heat dissipation and temperature reduction stage lasts for a period of time, the first energy storage valve 821, the fourth energy storage valve 824 and the fifth air communication valve 872 are opened, the first transmission mechanism 91 is connected, the water pump 21 is driven by the generator motor 4 in a motor state, and the generator motor drives the controller 5 to absorb energy from a power grid so as to pump water from the second pressure vessel 12 into the first pressure vessel 11;
s3: in the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure vessel, all valves are closed, and all transmission mechanisms are disconnected; the heat source 62 works to generate high temperature, the heating valve 862 is opened, the first heat exchanger 711 in the pressure vessel 13 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 712 in the heat source 62, and the heat in the heat source 62 is sent into the third pressure vessel 13, so that the gas in the third pressure vessel 13 is heated, and the gas pressure in the third pressure vessel 13 is further improved; the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure vessel is partially overlapped with the energy release and power generation stage;
s4: in the energy release power generation stage, the second transmission mechanism 92 is connected, the second energy release valve 832 and the third energy release valve 833 are opened, water enters the water turbine 3 through the energy release pipeline, the water turbine 3 drives the generator motor 4 in a generator state through the second transmission mechanism 92, electric energy is sent to a power grid through the generator motor driving controller 5, and after the water comes out of the water turbine 3, the water enters the second pressure container 12 through the third energy release valve 833.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, the hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system of fig. 1 is adjusted to obtain the hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system shown in fig. 2, the generator motor 4 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the generator motor driving controller 5 is a full-power converter, a first pressure container 11 and a normal pressure water storage tank 15 are adopted, a first heat exchanger 711 and a third heat exchanger 713 are arranged in the first pressure container 11, and the first heat exchanger is connected with a second heat exchanger 712 in the heat source 62 and a fourth heat exchanger 714 in the normal pressure water storage tank 15 through a heating valve 862, a heat dissipation valve 861 and a heat exchange pipeline respectively;
the heat source 62 uses solar energy, generates high temperature by condensing light to heat the second heat exchanger 712, and heats the gas in the first pressure vessel 11, and simultaneously uses the normal pressure water storage tank 15 as the radiator 61, and cools the gas in the first pressure vessel 11 by the fourth heat exchanger 714.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, the hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system shown in fig. 2 is further adjusted to obtain the hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system shown in fig. 3, the water pump 21 and the water turbine 3 are combined into the water pump water turbine 213, the heat source 62 adopts a combustion furnace, methane and biomass are used as fuels, and the gas in the first pressure vessel 11 is heated by the second heat exchanger 712 after combustion.
In the above embodiment, the sequential relationship of each stage of S1 to S4 and the corresponding pressure and temperature curves of one complete cycle are shown in fig. 4, after the heat dissipation and cooling stage S1 of the pressure vessel is started, the temperature of the gas in the pressure vessel is reduced, the pressure is reduced, the energy storage stage S2 of the pressure vessel is performed, and the energy consumed in the gas compression process is reduced due to the pressure reduction, and then the heat dissipation and cooling stage S1 of the pressure vessel and the energy storage stage S2 of the pressure vessel are ended; after the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage S3 is started, other temperatures in the pressure vessel rise, the pressure rises along with the rise, the energy release and power generation stage S4 is started, the energy released in the gas expansion process is increased due to the rise of the pressure, and then the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage S3 and the energy release and power generation stage S4 are ended. In the process of one-time energy storage and energy release cycle, the electric energy consumed by energy storage is reduced, the electric energy generated by energy release is increased, and the efficiency of the energy storage system is further improved.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the invention should be made and equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The water-air-heat integrated energy storage system is characterized by comprising a plurality of pressure containers, a water pump (21), a water turbine (3), a generator motor (4), a generator motor driving controller (5), an air pump (22), a heat source (62) and a radiator (61);
wherein, the generator motor (4) is connected with a power grid through a generator motor driving controller (5); the generator motor (4) is respectively connected with the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3); the pressure vessels are connected with each other; at least one pressure container is respectively connected with a heat source (62), a radiator (61) and an air pump (22), and the other pressure containers are respectively connected with a water pump (21) and a water turbine (3);
a heat source (62) for heating the gas in the pressure vessel during the pressure vessel heating pressurization phase; the air pump (22) is used for supplementing the air in the pressure container; the radiator (61) cools the gas in the pressure vessel in the cooling stage of the pressure vessel; the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) are respectively used for realizing the energy storage stage and the energy release power generation stage of the pressure container;
the energy storage system realizes the processes of energy storage and energy release through four sequential and parallel stages of temperature reduction of the pressure vessel, energy storage of the pressure vessel, heating and pressurizing of the pressure vessel and energy release and power generation;
the generator motor (4) is connected with the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) through a transmission mechanism respectively;
the generator motor (4) is connected with the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) in a time-sharing way to respectively realize energy storage and energy release of the pressure container for power generation;
in the energy storage stage of the pressure container, a generator motor driving controller (5) acquires electric energy from a power grid and controls a generator motor (4) to drive a water pump (21) to transfer water between different pressure containers;
in the energy release power generation stage, a water turbine (3) is driven to operate by water in a pressure container and a power generation motor (4) is driven to generate power, and electric energy is output to a power grid; the type of the generator motor (4) is a double-fed asynchronous motor or a synchronous motor;
the generator motor (4) works in a motor state in the energy storage stage of the pressure vessel, and the water pump (21) is driven to work under the drive of the generator motor driving controller (5) to send water into the pressure vessel;
the generator motor (4) works in a generator state in the energy release power generation stage, and is driven by the water turbine (3) to generate power under the control of the generator motor driving controller (5);
the generator motor driving controller (5) adopts different forms according to the structure of the generator motor (4), a double-fed current transformer is adopted when the generator motor (4) is a double-fed asynchronous motor, and a full-power current transformer is adopted when the generator motor (4) is a synchronous motor; the generator motor driving controller (5) and the generator motor (4) form a variable speed constant frequency power generation system during power generation, and the generator motor driving controller (5) and the generator motor (4) form a variable speed driving system during power generation;
the pressure container is used for storing water and/or compressed gas, and the pressure containers are connected through a gas transmission pipeline and a gas transmission valve;
the pressure container is respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the water pump (21) through an energy storage pipeline and an energy storage valve; the pressure vessel is respectively connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the water turbine (3) through an energy release pipeline and an energy release valve;
the pressure container is connected with an air pump (22) through an air supplementing pipeline and an air supplementing valve and is used for supplementing the air quantity in the pressure container;
the pressure vessel is internally provided with two heat exchangers, the two heat exchangers in the pressure vessel are respectively connected with a heat source (62) and the heat exchanger in a radiator (61) through a heating valve and a radiating valve, so that heat exchange is realized, gas in the pressure vessel is heated in an energy release power generation stage and a pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage to increase the pressure in the pressure vessel to improve the power generation capacity of the energy release stage, and the gas in the pressure vessel is radiated in an energy storage stage and a pressure vessel cooling stage of the pressure vessel to reduce the energy consumed in the pressure vessel in the energy storage stage.
2. The hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) can be configured independently or combined into a water pump-water turbine (213), and the water pump (21) and the water turbine (3) or the water pump-water turbine (213) are connected with the generator motor (4) through a transmission mechanism.
3. The hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the heat source (62) is a physical and chemical energy source for generating high temperature by geothermal, solar, biomass, biogas, gas and chemical fuel, and is used for heating the gas in the pressure vessel through the heat exchanger, thereby increasing the pressure in the pressure vessel and realizing the heating and pressurization of the pressure vessel;
the radiator (61) is used for cooling the gas in the pressure container through the heat exchanger, so that the pressure in the pressure container is reduced, the temperature of the pressure container is reduced, and the energy consumed in energy storage is reduced.
4. The hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system of claim 1, wherein a spray device is installed in the pressure vessel; the spraying device is connected with the water pump (21) through the energy storage pipeline and the energy storage valve, water fed by the water pump (21) is sprayed into the pressure vessel in a spraying mode, and the gas in the pressure vessel is cooled.
5. The water vapor thermal integrated energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel is in communication with the atmosphere via an air communication valve, is in pressure balance with the atmosphere, and is in pressure relief when the pressure of the pressure vessel exceeds the pressure, thereby protecting the pressure vessel.
6. The hydro-thermal integrated energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel is provided with an insulation module;
the heat insulation module is made of heat insulation materials and floats on the water surface in the pressure container, so that heat exchange between water and gas in the pressure container is reduced.
7. A method for storing water and gas heat based on a water and gas heat integrated energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the water and gas heat integrated energy storage system, the pressure vessel cooling stage and the pressure vessel energy storage stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel cooling stage is performed first and then the pressure vessel energy storage stage is started, and the two stages can be overlapped; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy release power generation stage can be performed simultaneously or the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage is performed first and then the energy release power generation stage is started, and the two stages can be overlapped;
the water enters another pressure container of input water from the pressure container of output water, and returns to the original pressure container of output water, thus completing the hydro-thermal comprehensive energy storage method of once energy storage and energy release circulation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: in the cooling stage of the pressure vessel, all valves are closed, after all transmission mechanisms are disconnected, gas transmission valves which are interconnected between the cooling valves and the pressure vessel are opened, and a heat exchanger in the pressure vessel is communicated with a heat exchanger in a radiator (61) to take out heat in the pressure vessel, so that gas in the pressure vessel is cooled, and the gas pressure in the pressure vessel is reduced; the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container is partially overlapped with the energy storage stage of the pressure container, and the heat dissipation and cooling stage of the pressure container cannot be finished later than the energy storage stage of the pressure container;
s2: in the pressure container energy storage stage, after the pressure container heat dissipation and cooling stage lasts for a period of time, an air transmission valve corresponding to the pressure container of the output water is closed, the energy storage valve of the water inlet of the water pump (21) is connected with the pressure container of the output water, the energy storage valve of the water outlet of the water pump (21) is connected with the pressure container of the input water, and an air communication valve corresponding to the pressure container of the output water is opened, a power generation motor (4) is connected with a transmission mechanism between the water pump (21), the water pump (21) absorbs energy from a power grid through a power generation motor driving controller (5) under the driving of the power generation motor (4) in a motor state, the water pump (21) pumps water from the pressure container of the output water, the pressure container of the input water is pumped through a sprayer, and internal air is compressed in the pressure container of the input water due to the increase of liquid, so that the energy storage is realized;
s3: in the heating and pressurizing stage of the pressure container, the heat dissipation valve is closed, the pressure container of the output water is connected with the energy storage valve of the water inlet of the water pump (21), and the pressure container of the input water is connected with the energy storage valve of the water outlet of the water pump (21) to be closed; the heat source (62) works to generate high temperature, the heating valve is opened, the heat exchanger in the pressure container is communicated with the heat exchanger in the heat source (62), and the heat in the heat source (62) is sent into the pressure container, so that the temperature of the gas in the pressure container is increased, and the pressure of the gas in the pressure container is further increased; the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage and the energy release power generation stage are partially overlapped, and the pressure vessel heating and pressurizing stage cannot be finished later than the energy release power generation stage;
s4: in the energy release power generation stage, a transmission mechanism between a power generation motor (4) and a water pump (21) is disconnected, the transmission mechanism between the power generation motor (4) and a water turbine (3) is connected, an energy release valve of a water outlet of the water turbine (3) is connected with a pressure container of output water, an energy release valve of a water inlet of the water turbine (3) is connected with a pressure container of input water, water in the pressure container of the input water enters the water turbine (3) through an energy release pipeline, the water turbine (3) drives the power generation motor (4) in a power generation state through the transmission mechanism, energy is transmitted to a power grid through a power generation motor driving controller (5), and after the water comes out from the water turbine (3), the water enters the pressure container of the output water through the energy release pipeline.
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| JP2001254662A (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-21 | Tanaka Yorio | Pumped storage power generating system combined with hydraulic high pressure air impeller motor |
| CN102797613B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2017-03-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of water pumping compressed air energy-storage |
| CN102619668B (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-12-11 | 王焕然 | Constant-pressure water-gas compatible cabin power energy storage system |
| CN103590962B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-08-17 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | A kind of pump turbine unit for micro-head |
| CN103742213B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-02-10 | 江勇 | Water plug |
| CN106870259B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2020-02-21 | 华北电力大学 | Two-section type energy storage system based on constant-pressure gas storage |
| CN108317104B (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2024-04-12 | 蒋祖伦 | Artificial regenerated energy gas-liquid circulation water pumping power generation system |
| CN108425784A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-21 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of water pumping compressed air energy-storage and its operation method |
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