CN210622879U - Single-tank closed type circulating energy storage power generation system - Google Patents
Single-tank closed type circulating energy storage power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210622879U CN210622879U CN201920901946.3U CN201920901946U CN210622879U CN 210622879 U CN210622879 U CN 210622879U CN 201920901946 U CN201920901946 U CN 201920901946U CN 210622879 U CN210622879 U CN 210622879U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The utility model provides a single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system, include: the system comprises a molten salt, an antifreezing solution tank, a compressor, a first/second heat exchanger, a turbine, a molten salt up/down distributor, a low-temperature molten salt pump, a high-temperature molten salt pump, a molten salt inclined temperature layer, an antifreezing solution up/down distributor, a high-temperature antifreezing solution pump, an antifreezing solution inclined temperature layer, an engine and a plurality of valves, wherein one or more of the molten salt tank, the antifreezing solution tank, the compressor, the first/second heat exchanger, the turbine, the molten salt up/down distributor, the low-temperature molten salt pump, the high-temperature molten salt pump, the molten salt inclined temperature layer, the antifreezing solution up/down distributor, the high-temperature antifreezing solution pump, the antifreezing solution inclined temperature layer, the valves and the engine are selectively opened, so that heat energy and electric. The utility model discloses can realize the stable output of renewable energy source electric power such as wind-powered electricity generation or photovoltaic power generation, have balanced electric power supply and demand effect, can realize extensive energy storage, performance energy storage peak shaving advantage, response renewable energy source energy storage demand.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an energy storage technology field, in particular to single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system.
Background
The fused salt heat storage technology is that in the heat storage stage, fused salt is heated by electric energy, solar energy and other energy sources, and heat is stored in high-temperature fused salt. The heat is released through the high-temperature fused salt in the heat supply stage, the high-temperature fused salt releases heat to a heat user through heat exchange, the form of releasing heat is multiple forms such as supplying steam, pushing a steam turbine to generate electricity, supplying heat through supplying steam, and the like, so that the solar heat power station heat storage system is applicable to energy storage systems such as renewable energy electric quantity absorption, off-peak electricity utilization and the like of a photothermal power station heat storage, a thermal power plant peak regulation, an off-wind light abandoning and the like, and plays roles of shifting peaks and filling valleys.
At present, related technologies provide a heat pump type alternative energy storage power supply method and apparatus, including an energy storage heat supply mode and a power supply heat supply mode. The two sets of heat storage systems alternately store and release energy under the modes of energy storage and heat supply and power supply and heat supply respectively to achieve the functions of energy storage and power supply. When an energy storage heat supply mode is adopted, a normal-temperature working medium absorbs heat through a first heat storage system in an isobaric manner, is subjected to adiabatic compression through a compressor, releases heat through a second heat storage system in an isobaric manner, then enters a turbine for adiabatic expansion to apply work to the outside, and finally is released to the outside as a heating source; the device is sequentially connected with an air inlet device, a first heat exchanger, a first heat storage system, a compressor, a second heat exchanger, a second heat storage system, a turbine and an air outlet device in series along the direction of working gas. The other mode is a heat supply and power supply mode, after the normal-temperature working medium is subjected to adiabatic compression by a compressor, isobaric heat absorption is carried out through a second heat storage system, then the working medium enters a turbine for adiabatic expansion to apply work to the outside, isobaric heat release is carried out through a first heat storage system, and finally the working medium is supplied and released to the outside as a heating source; in this process the net output work is used to power. The scheme solves the problems of wind abandonment and light abandonment in photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation and peak clipping and valley filling of peak-valley electricity, supplies heat while storing and supplying power, and recovers waste heat of waste gas in another heat storage system, thereby improving heat-power conversion efficiency.
However, the above technical solutions have the following drawbacks: the circulation mode of the normal-temperature working medium during energy storage (electricity storage) is as follows: compression-release of heat (via the second heat accumulator) -expansion work-heating-absorption of heat (via the first heat accumulator); the cycle mode when supplying power is: compression-absorption of heat (via the second heat accumulator) -expansion to do work-release of heat (via the first heat accumulator) -heating. In the energy storage circulation mode, if single-tank energy storage is adopted, full heat and cold cannot be completely stored; if double tanks are adopted for energy storage, the full heat and cold can be stored; in the power supply cycle mode, in order to maintain the temperature difference and the energy conversion efficiency between the second heat storage body as the high-temperature heat source and the first heat storage body as the low-temperature heat source, the temperature of the second heat storage body needs to be increased; the system is open cycle, and is not suitable for use when the cycle working medium is helium, argon and other gases.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at solving one of above-mentioned technical problem at least.
Therefore, the utility model aims to provide a single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system, this system can realize the stable output of renewable energy power such as wind-powered electricity generation or photovoltaic power generation, have balanced electric power supply and demand effect, can realize extensive energy storage, and performance energy storage peak regulation advantage responds renewable energy storage demand.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system, include: the energy storage device comprises a molten salt tank and an antifreezing solution tank, and heat energy is stored in the molten salt tank in the form of high-temperature molten salt heat energy and in the antifreezing solution tank in the form of low-temperature antifreezing solution heat energy; an energy conversion device comprising: the system comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a turbine, a second heat exchanger, a molten salt lower distributor, a low-temperature molten salt pump, a molten salt upper distributor, a high-temperature molten salt pump, a molten salt inclined temperature layer, an antifreeze upper distributor, a high-temperature antifreeze liquid pump, an antifreeze liquid lower distributor, an antifreeze liquid pump, an antifreeze liquid inclined temperature layer, an engine and a plurality of valves, wherein the molten salt lower distributor, the turbine, the second heat exchanger, the molten salt lower distributor, the low-temperature molten salt pump, the antifreeze liquid upper distributor, the high-temperature molten salt pump, the molten salt inclined temperature layer, the antifreeze liquid upper distributor, the high-temperature antifreeze liquid pump, the antifreeze liquid lower distributor, the antifreeze liquid pump, the antifreeze liquid inclined temperature layer, the valves and the engine are respectively connected with a molten salt tank so as to convert electric energy into heat energy, or converting thermal energy to electrical energy.
Additionally, according to the utility model discloses foretell single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system can also have following additional technical characterstic:
in some examples, the plurality of valves includes at least first to fourth valves, when electric energy is converted into heat energy, a loop formed by the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the turbine and the second heat exchanger is opened, the compressor is driven by electric power, the electric energy is converted into hot gaseous working medium, and the hot gaseous working medium heats the low-temperature molten salt when passing through the first heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the low-temperature molten salt is increased.
In some examples, the low temperature molten salt pump drive low temperature fused salt flows out from the lower part space of fused salt jar, flows through first heat exchanger, and low temperature fused salt is heated to become high temperature fused salt, and high temperature fused salt is through distributor on first valve and the fused salt, and the upper portion space of flow direction fused salt jar makes upper portion high temperature fused salt and lower part low temperature fused salt effectively keep apart in fused salt inclined temperature layer through distributor under fused salt and the fused salt, after the fused salt jar stores up high temperature fused salt, accomplishes the heat-retaining of system high temperature end.
In some examples, the temperature of the hot gaseous working medium is reduced to a cold gaseous working medium after flowing through the turbine, the cold gaseous working medium cools the high-temperature antifreeze solution, the temperature of the high-temperature antifreeze solution is reduced, the high-temperature antifreeze solution pump drives the antifreeze solution to flow out of the upper space of the antifreeze solution tank and flow through the second heat exchanger, the high-temperature antifreeze solution is cooled to a low-temperature antifreeze solution, the high-temperature antifreeze solution flows to the lower space of the antifreeze solution tank through the second valve and the lower antifreeze solution distributor, the upper high-temperature antifreeze solution and the lower low-temperature antifreeze solution are effectively separated by the antifreeze solution inclined temperature layer, and when the antifreeze solution tank is full of the low-temperature antifreeze solution, cold storage at the low temperature end of the system.
In some examples, when heat storage is complete, the molten salt tank is full of high temperature molten salt from top to bottom, and the low temperature molten salt at the bottom is completely emptied, the antifreeze tank is full of low temperature antifreeze from bottom to top, and the high temperature antifreeze at the upper is completely emptied.
In some examples, when heat energy is converted into electric energy, a loop formed by the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the turbine and the second heat exchanger is opened, the compressor applies work to compress gaseous working media, high-temperature molten salt is driven by the high-temperature molten salt pump to flow out of the molten salt tank, the high-temperature molten salt heats the gaseous working media when flowing through the first heat exchanger, the gaseous working media become low-temperature molten salt after heat exchange, the low-temperature molten salt flows to the lower space of the molten salt tank after passing through the third valve and the molten salt lower distributor, the molten salt inclined temperature layer effectively isolates the upper high-temperature molten salt from the lower low-temperature molten salt through the molten salt lower distributor and the upper distributor, and the temperature of the high-temperature.
In some examples, the gaseous working medium flows through the first heat exchanger, becomes a hot gaseous working medium after being heated by the high-temperature molten salt, does work by expansion of a turbine, pushes the turbine to rotate so as to drive the generator to generate power, and becomes a cold gaseous working medium after doing work by the hot gaseous working medium, flows through the second heat exchanger, and releases heat to the low-temperature antifreeze solution.
In some examples, the low-temperature antifreeze solution is driven by the low-temperature antifreeze solution pump to flow out of the low-temperature antifreeze solution tank, and flows to the upper space of the antifreeze solution tank through the fourth valve and the antifreeze solution upper distributor after heat exchange, so that the antifreeze solution inclined temperature layer effectively isolates the upper high-temperature antifreeze solution from the lower low-temperature antifreeze solution through the antifreeze solution upper distributor and the antifreeze solution lower distributor, and the temperature of the low-temperature end of the system is kept constant.
In some examples, when the discharge is complete, the molten salt tank is full of low temperature molten salt from bottom to top and the upper high temperature molten salt is completely emptied, the antifreeze tank is full of high temperature antifreeze from top to bottom and the lower low temperature antifreeze is completely emptied.
In some examples, the freezing point of the antifreeze is below 0 ℃ and the working temperature is-70 ℃ to 0 ℃.
According to the utility model discloses a single jar of closed circulation energy storage power generation system adopts single jar of fused salt heat-retaining, single jar of antifreeze liquid cold-storage, closed circulation, has the energy conversion efficiency height, the temperature difference of system high temperature end and low temperature end temperature is stable, safe economy, clean low-carbon advantage, adopts single jar of body to store high temperature fused salt and low temperature fused salt simultaneously, adopts single jar of body to store high temperature antifreeze liquid and low temperature antifreeze liquid simultaneously, and energy storage and power generation are realized to same set of system; the temperature difference between the high temperature end and the low temperature end of the thermal power cycle is maintained by utilizing a single-tank inclined temperature layer technology, and the total energy conversion efficiency of the system is improved; by simplifying the system and maintaining the temperature difference between the high temperature end and the low temperature end, the energy conversion efficiency is ensured, and the equipment and material cost is reduced; through single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system, can stabilize the instability of renewable energy power generation such as wind-powered electricity generation or photovoltaic power generation, realize renewable energy power stable output, can alleviate and abandon wind and abandon light, thermal power plant peak regulation, off-peak electricity utilization scheduling problem.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-tank closed cycle energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention during energy storage.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-tank closed cycle energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention when discharging.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The following describes a single-tank closed cycle energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-tank closed cycle energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-tank closed cycle energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention when discharging. The single-tank closed cycle energy storage and power generation system comprises an energy storage device (not shown in the figure) and an energy conversion device (not shown in the figure).
The energy storage device comprises 2 heat-insulating tanks with high heat-insulating performance, the tank body is made of stainless steel, and the heat-insulating layer covers the tank body, and specifically comprises a molten salt tank 5 and an anti-freezing liquid tank 11 as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2. The heat energy is stored in the molten salt tank 5 in the form of high-temperature molten salt heat energy, and is stored in the antifreeze liquid tank 11 in the form of low-temperature antifreeze liquid heat energy. When heat storage is completed (i.e., electric energy is converted into heat energy), the molten salt tank 5 is full of high-temperature molten salt from top to bottom, and the low-temperature molten salt at the bottom is completely emptied; the antifreeze liquid tank 11 is filled with the low-temperature antifreeze liquid from bottom to top, and the high-temperature antifreeze liquid at the upper part is completely emptied.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the antifreeze with freezing point lower than 0 ℃ is used as the low temperature end cold storage medium, the working temperature of the antifreeze is-70 ℃ to 0 ℃, and the antifreeze can be, but not limited to, ethanol water solution, ethylene glycol water solution, glycerol water solution, saline water solution (calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite); the low-melting-point salt (nitrate and chloride) is used as a high-temperature-end heat storage medium, so that the risk of molten salt solidification and the requirement of a system on molten salt solidification prevention are reduced. The working temperature of the anti-freezing solution is reduced, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the system is ensured, the temperature of the high-temperature end of the system is reduced, and the requirement of the system on expensive high-temperature-resistant materials is reduced.
The energy conversion device includes: the system comprises a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a turbine 3, a second heat exchanger 4, a molten salt lower distributor 6, a low-temperature molten salt pump 7, a molten salt upper distributor 8, a high-temperature molten salt pump 9, a molten salt inclined temperature layer 10, an antifreeze upper distributor 12, a high-temperature antifreeze liquid pump 1513, an antifreeze lower distributor 14, an antifreeze liquid pump 15, an antifreeze inclined temperature layer 16, an engine and a plurality of valves, wherein the molten salt lower distributor 6, the low-temperature molten salt pump 7, the molten salt upper distributor 8, the high-temperature molten salt pump 9 and the molten salt inclined temperature layer. The plurality of valves includes, for example, valves 71, 72, 91, 92, 131, 132, 151, 152 of fig. 1 or 2.
Specifically, a loop formed by one or more of a molten salt tank 5, an antifreeze tank 11, a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a turbine 3, a second heat exchanger 4, a molten salt lower distributor 6, a low-temperature molten salt pump 7, a molten salt upper distributor 8, a high-temperature molten salt pump 9, a molten salt thermocline 10, an antifreeze upper distributor 12, a high-temperature antifreeze pump 1513, an antifreeze lower distributor 14, an antifreeze pump 15, an antifreeze thermocline 16, a plurality of valves, and an engine is selectively opened to convert electric energy into heat energy or convert heat energy into electric energy.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of valves includes at least first to fourth valves (specifically: the first valve 92, the second valve 152, the third valve 72, and the fourth valve 132).
In the energy storage stage, the energy conversion device utilizes electric energy to drive gaseous working media to circulate, the electric energy is converted into heat energy to be stored, the gaseous working media are subjected to Brayton cycle reverse circulation, and the gaseous working media can be air, nitrogen, helium, argon, hydrogen and the like. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the electric energy is converted into the heat energy, a loop formed by the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the turbine 3, and the second heat exchanger 4 is opened, the compressor 1 is driven by the electric power to convert the electric energy into the energy of the hot gaseous working medium, and the hot gaseous working medium heats the low-temperature molten salt when passing through the first heat exchanger 2, so that the temperature of the low-temperature molten salt is increased.
Further, low temperature molten salt pump 7 drives low temperature fused salt and flows out from the lower part space of molten salt jar 5, flows through first heat exchanger 2, and low temperature fused salt is heated and becomes high temperature fused salt, and high temperature fused salt is through distributor 8 on first valve 92 and the fused salt, flow direction fused salt jar 5's upper portion space, distributor 6 under distributor 8 and the fused salt on the fused salt, makes upper portion high temperature fused salt and lower part low temperature fused salt effectively kept apart to fused salt inclined temperature layer 10, after molten salt jar 5 stores up full high temperature fused salt, the heat-retaining of the high temperature end of completion system.
Further, after the hot gas state working medium flows through the turbine 3, the temperature is reduced to become a cold gas state working medium, the cold gas state working medium cools the high temperature antifreeze solution, the temperature of the high temperature antifreeze solution is reduced, the high temperature antifreeze solution pump 1513 drives the antifreeze solution to flow out from the upper space of the antifreeze solution tank 11, the antifreeze solution flows through the second heat exchanger 4, the high temperature antifreeze solution is cooled to be a low temperature antifreeze solution, the antifreeze solution flows to the lower space of the antifreeze solution tank 11 through the second valve 152 and the antifreeze solution lower distributor 14, the antifreeze solution inclined temperature layer 16 effectively isolates the upper high temperature antifreeze solution from the lower low temperature antifreeze solution through the antifreeze solution upper distributor 12 and the lower distributor, and when the antifreeze solution tank 11 is fully filled with the low temperature antifreeze solution, the cold storage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, when converting thermal energy into electric energy (i.e. system discharge), a loop formed by the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the turbine 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 is opened, and a power cycle of heat-electricity conversion is started, which is an inverse process of electricity-heat conversion and can be simplified into a constant pressure heating power cycle. Compress gaseous state working medium through compressor 1 does work, high temperature fused salt is driven by high temperature fused salt pump 9, flow out from fused salt jar 5, high temperature fused salt heats gaseous state working medium when flowing through first heat exchanger 2, become low temperature fused salt after the heat transfer, distributor 6 back flow direction fused salt jar 5's lower part space under third valve 72 and the fused salt, distributor 6 and upper distributor under through the fused salt, make fused salt inclined temperature layer 10 effectively keep apart upper portion high temperature fused salt and lower part low temperature fused salt, the constancy of temperature of maintenance system high temperature end.
The gaseous working medium flows through the first heat exchanger 2, is heated by the high-temperature molten salt to become a hot gaseous working medium, expands and does work in the turbine 3 to push the turbine 3 to rotate so as to drive the generator 17 to generate electricity, and the hot gaseous working medium becomes a cold gaseous working medium after doing work, flows through the second heat exchanger 4 and releases heat to the low-temperature antifreeze solution.
Further, the low-temperature antifreeze liquid is driven by the low-temperature antifreeze liquid pump 15 to flow out of the low-temperature antifreeze liquid tank 11, flows to the upper space of the antifreeze liquid tank 11 through the fourth valve 132 and the antifreeze liquid upper distributor 12 after heat exchange, and enables the antifreeze liquid thermocline 16 to effectively isolate the upper high-temperature antifreeze liquid and the lower low-temperature antifreeze liquid through the antifreeze liquid upper distributor 12 and the antifreeze liquid lower distributor, so as to maintain the temperature of the low-temperature end of the system to be constant.
When the system finishes discharging, the molten salt tank 5 is full of low-temperature molten salt from bottom to top, the high-temperature molten salt at the upper part is completely emptied, the anti-freezing liquid tank 11 is full of high-temperature anti-freezing liquid from top to bottom, and the low-temperature anti-freezing liquid at the lower part is completely emptied. Further, the system starts the next energy storage and power generation cycle.
To sum up, the utility model discloses foretell single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system, at the heat-retaining stage, gaseous state working medium compresses, releases heat-expansion work-endothermic circulation, and the external world is to the net input electric energy of system, and gaseous state working medium passes through the heat exchanger and absorbs heat, releases heat to the fused salt from antifreeze. By the design of the upper molten salt distributor and the lower molten salt distributor, the inclined temperature layer of the molten salt is ensured to effectively isolate the upper high-temperature molten salt and the lower low-temperature molten salt, and heat storage at the high-temperature end of the system is completed after the molten salt tank is filled with the high-temperature molten salt; by the design of the upper antifreeze distributor and the lower antifreeze distributor, the inclined temperature layer of the antifreeze is ensured to effectively isolate the upper high-temperature antifreeze and the lower low-temperature antifreeze, and the cold storage of the low-temperature end of the system is completed after the antifreeze tank is filled with the low-temperature antifreeze. Heat storage is completed in a single molten salt tank, and cold storage is completed in a single anti-freezing liquid tank, so that the energy storage efficiency is ensured, and meanwhile, the system is simplified and the cost is reduced. In the power generation stage, the gaseous working medium is compressed, absorbs heat, expands to do work and releases heat, the system outputs electric energy to the outside, the gaseous working medium absorbs heat from the molten salt and releases heat to the anti-freezing liquid through the heat exchanger, the turbine does work more than the compressor does work to drive the generator to generate power, and the system outputs power to the outside in a net mode. By the design of the lower molten salt distributor and the upper distributor, the molten salt inclined temperature layer is ensured to effectively isolate the upper high-temperature molten salt and the lower low-temperature molten salt, the temperature of the high-temperature end of the heat-electricity conversion system is kept constant, and the high/low-temperature molten salt mixing and the inclined temperature layer thickening during the operation of the inclined temperature layer are reduced; by the design of the upper antifreeze distributor and the lower antifreeze distributor, the antifreeze thermocline is ensured to effectively isolate the upper high-temperature antifreeze and the lower low-temperature antifreeze, the temperature of the low-temperature end of the heat-electricity conversion system is kept constant, and the mixing of the high/low-temperature antifreeze and the thickening of the thermocline during the operation of the thermocline are reduced. The measures ensure stable temperature difference between the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the whole system and high utilization rate of the heat storage medium, thereby ensuring the heat storage and power generation efficiency of the system.
In the system, the gaseous working medium is in closed circulation in the energy storage and power generation stages, no emission and no pollution are caused, and a clean, low-carbon, efficient and energy-saving energy storage mode is realized.
The system adopts a mode of gas working medium circulation consisting of a compressor, a heat exchanger, a turbine and a heat exchanger, and completes reciprocal electricity-heat conversion circulation and heat-electricity conversion circulation by using the same system, thereby realizing heat storage and power generation by using the same system, simplifying the system and reducing the cost.
The system adopts low-melting-point molten salt as a high-temperature-end heat storage medium and adopts low-freezing-point antifreeze as a low-temperature-end cold storage medium. The low-melting-point molten salt reduces the risk of molten salt solidification and the requirement of a system on molten salt solidification prevention. The low-temperature end of the system adopts the low freezing point antifreeze solution, so that the temperature of the low-temperature end of the energy storage power generation system is reduced to (-70 ℃ -0 ℃), the energy conversion efficiency is ensured, and the temperature of the high-temperature end of the system is reduced, so that the requirements of the system on high-temperature resistant equipment and materials are reduced, and the system cost is reduced. Therefore, the system provides an energy storage mode which is suitable for thermal power peak regulation, stabilization of instability of renewable energy power generation such as wind power generation or photovoltaic power generation, peak shifting valley filling, and alleviation of problems of wind abandonment and light abandonment.
In other words, the system is a closed cycle energy storage and power generation system which adopts single-tank molten salt heat storage and single-tank antifreeze liquid cold storage and adopts a turbine and a compressor to do work and generate power, and the energy storage and power generation system is generally suitable for the fields of peak shaving, off-peak electricity utilization, wind power, photovoltaic and other renewable energy storage and the like of a thermal power plant. Aiming at the characteristics of instability and intermittence of renewable energy sources, the energy storage power generation system can stabilize the instability of power generation of the renewable energy sources such as wind power generation or photovoltaic power generation and the like, realize stable output of the renewable energy source power, has the effect of balancing power supply and demand, can realize large-scale energy storage, exerts the advantages of energy storage and peak regulation, and responds to the energy storage demand of the renewable energy sources.
The working principle of the system can be summarized as follows: the method is characterized in that molten salt is used as a high-temperature end heat storage medium, an antifreezing solution is used as a low-temperature end cold storage medium, and a gaseous working medium is used as a heat storage and power generation circulating working medium. In the heat storage stage, a gaseous working medium performs a cycle process of compression, heat release, expansion work and heat absorption, the gaseous working medium absorbs heat from the antifreeze and releases heat to the molten salt, the hot gaseous working medium serves as a heat source and heats the low-temperature molten salt through a heat exchanger, the low-temperature molten salt flows out of the lower space of the molten salt tank and becomes high-temperature molten salt after heat exchange through the heat exchanger, and the high-temperature molten salt flows into the upper space of the molten salt tank from a distributor on the molten salt tank and is stored; the cold gas working medium cools the antifreeze solution through the heat exchanger, the high-temperature antifreeze solution flows out from the upper space of the antifreeze solution tank and becomes the low-temperature antifreeze solution after heat exchange through the heat exchanger, and the low-temperature antifreeze solution flows into the lower space of the antifreeze solution tank from the lower distributor of the antifreeze solution tank and is stored. The design of the upper distributor and the lower distributor realizes effective isolation of high-temperature molten salt and low-temperature molten salt, high-temperature antifreeze liquid and low-temperature antifreeze liquid through the thermocline, after energy storage is completed, the molten salt tank is filled with the high-temperature molten salt, the antifreeze liquid tank is filled with the low-temperature antifreeze liquid, the heat of the high-temperature end of the system is stored in the molten salt tank, and the heat of the low-temperature end of the system is stored in the antifreeze liquid tank, so that the temperature difference between the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the system and. In the energy storage stage, the total work of the compressor and the pump is greater than that of the turbine, and the outside inputs electric energy to the system. In the power generation stage, the gaseous working medium is subjected to a constant pressure heating work-applying cycle process: the compression-heat absorption-expansion work-heat release, the gaseous working medium absorbs heat from the high-temperature molten salt and releases heat to the antifreeze, at the moment, the work of the turbine is greater than that of the compressor and the pump, the generator is driven to generate electricity, and the net output function of the system to the outside is used for supplying power. In the power generation stage, high-temperature molten salt flows out of the upper space of the molten salt tank, exchanges heat through the heat exchanger and then flows back to the lower space of the molten salt tank; the low-temperature antifreeze liquid flows out from the lower space of the antifreeze liquid tank, and flows back to the upper space of the antifreeze liquid tank after heat exchange by the heat exchanger. And after the power generation is finished, the molten salt tank is filled with low-temperature molten salt, and the anti-freezing solution tank is filled with high-temperature anti-freezing solution. The design of the upper distributor and the lower distributor realizes effective isolation of high-temperature molten salt and low-temperature molten salt, and high-temperature and low-temperature antifreeze liquid through the inclined temperature layer, so that the constant temperature of the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the system is constant in the constant pressure heating work-applying cycle process of the gaseous working medium, and the heat-power conversion efficiency of the system is ensured.
According to the utility model discloses single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system adopts single jar of fused salt heat-retaining, single jar of antifreeze liquid cold-storage, closed circulation, has the energy conversion efficiency height, the temperature difference of system high temperature end and low temperature end temperature is stable, safe economy, clean low-carbon advantage, adopts single jar of body to store high temperature fused salt and low temperature fused salt simultaneously, adopts single jar of body to store high temperature antifreeze liquid and low temperature antifreeze liquid simultaneously, and energy storage and power generation are realized to same set of system; the temperature difference between the high temperature end and the low temperature end of the thermal power cycle is maintained by utilizing a single-tank inclined temperature layer technology, and the total energy conversion efficiency of the system is improved; by simplifying the system and maintaining the temperature difference between the high temperature end and the low temperature end, the energy conversion efficiency is ensured, and the equipment and material cost is reduced; through single jar closed circulation energy storage power generation system, can stabilize the instability of renewable energy power generation such as wind-powered electricity generation or photovoltaic power generation, realize renewable energy power stable output, can alleviate and abandon wind and abandon light, thermal power plant peak regulation, off-peak electricity utilization scheduling problem.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A single-tank closed cycle energy storage power generation system, comprising:
the energy storage device comprises a molten salt tank and an antifreezing solution tank, and heat energy is stored in the molten salt tank in the form of high-temperature molten salt heat energy and in the antifreezing solution tank in the form of low-temperature antifreezing solution heat energy;
an energy conversion device comprising: a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a turbine, a second heat exchanger, a molten salt lower distributor, a low-temperature molten salt pump, a molten salt upper distributor, a high-temperature molten salt pump, a molten salt inclined temperature layer which are respectively connected with the molten salt tank, an antifreeze upper distributor, a high-temperature antifreeze pump, an antifreeze lower distributor, an antifreeze pump, an antifreeze inclined temperature layer, an engine and a plurality of valves which are respectively connected with the antifreeze tank,
the electric energy is converted into the heat energy or the heat energy is converted into the electric energy by selectively opening a loop formed by one or more of the molten salt tank, the antifreeze liquid tank, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the turbine, the second heat exchanger, the lower molten salt distributor, the low-temperature molten salt pump, the upper molten salt distributor, the high-temperature molten salt pump, the inclined temperature layer of the molten salt, the upper antifreeze liquid distributor, the high-temperature antifreeze liquid pump, the lower antifreeze liquid distributor, the antifreeze liquid pump, the inclined temperature layer of the antifreeze liquid, the valves and the engine.
2. The single-tank closed cycle energy storage and power generation system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of valves comprises at least first to fourth valves, and when converting electrical energy into heat energy, a circuit formed by the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the turbine and the second heat exchanger is opened, the compressor is driven by electricity to convert the electrical energy into a hot gaseous working medium, and the hot gaseous working medium heats the low-temperature molten salt when passing through the first heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the low-temperature molten salt is increased.
3. The single-tank closed-cycle energy storage and power generation system of claim 1, wherein the freezing point of the anti-freezing solution is below 0 ℃ and the operating temperature is-70 ℃ to 0 ℃.
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| CN110159380A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-23 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Single tank closed cycle energy-storing and power-generating system |
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