ZA200505956B - Use of dipyridamoi in combination with acetylsalicyclic acid and an angiotensin II antagonist for stroke prevention - Google Patents
Use of dipyridamoi in combination with acetylsalicyclic acid and an angiotensin II antagonist for stroke prevention Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200505956B ZA200505956B ZA200505956A ZA200505956A ZA200505956B ZA 200505956 B ZA200505956 B ZA 200505956B ZA 200505956 A ZA200505956 A ZA 200505956A ZA 200505956 A ZA200505956 A ZA 200505956A ZA 200505956 B ZA200505956 B ZA 200505956B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- angiotensin
- stroke
- antagonist
- dipyridamole
- combination
- Prior art date
Links
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 26
- 230000009861 stroke prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002333 angiotensin II receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 229940123413 Angiotensin II antagonist Drugs 0.000 title description 5
- IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridamole Chemical compound C=12N=C(N(CCO)CCO)N=C(N3CCCCC3)C2=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1N1CCCCC1 IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229960002768 dipyridamole Drugs 0.000 claims description 31
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- RMMXLENWKUUMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N telmisartan Chemical compound CCCC1=NC2=C(C)C=C(C=3N(C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)C)C=C2N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O RMMXLENWKUUMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 claims description 22
- 108010064733 Angiotensins Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 102000015427 Angiotensins Human genes 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005537 C09CA07 - Telmisartan Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960005187 telmisartan Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- YCPOHTHPUREGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N irbesartan Chemical compound O=C1N(CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C=2[N]N=NN=2)C(CCCC)=NC21CCCC2 YCPOHTHPUREGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- KJJZZJSZUJXYEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N losartan Chemical compound CCCCC1=NC(Cl)=C(CO)N1CC1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C=2[N]N=NN=2)C=C1 KJJZZJSZUJXYEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- SGZAIDDFHDDFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N candesartan Chemical compound CCOC1=NC2=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C2N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=N[N]1 SGZAIDDFHDDFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960005117 olmesartan Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- VTRAEEWXHOVJFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N olmesartan Chemical compound CCCC1=NC(C(C)(C)O)=C(C(O)=O)N1CC1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C=2NN=NN=2)C=C1 VTRAEEWXHOVJFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000651 tasosartan Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- ADXGNEYLLLSOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tasosartan Chemical compound C12=NC(C)=NC(C)=C2CCC(=O)N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C=1N=NNN=1 ADXGNEYLLLSOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004699 valsartan Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- SJSNUMAYCRRIOM-QFIPXVFZSA-N valsartan Chemical compound C1=CC(CN(C(=O)CCCC)[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=N[N]1 SJSNUMAYCRRIOM-QFIPXVFZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002080 C09CA02 - Eprosartan Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004563 eprosartan Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OROAFUQRIXKEMV-LDADJPATSA-N eprosartan Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1CN1C(CCCC)=NC=C1\C=C(C(O)=O)/CC1=CC=CS1 OROAFUQRIXKEMV-LDADJPATSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- NOHUXXDTQJPXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid;2-[[2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-4,8-di(piperidin-1-yl)pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O.C=12N=C(N(CCO)CCO)N=C(N3CCCCC3)C2=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1N1CCCCC1 NOHUXXDTQJPXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010061435 Enalapril Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- GBXSMTUPTTWBMN-XIRDDKMYSA-N enalapril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GBXSMTUPTTWBMN-XIRDDKMYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYSMHWILUNYBFW-GRIPGOBMSA-N 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N(C)C)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](N)[C@H]1O RYSMHWILUNYBFW-GRIPGOBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005541 ACE inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101800000734 Angiotensin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 102400000967 Bradykinin Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORWYRWWVDCYOMK-HBZPZAIKSA-N angiotensin I Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ORWYRWWVDCYOMK-HBZPZAIKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N bradykinin Chemical compound NC(=N)NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GKTWGGQPFAXNFI-HNNXBMFYSA-N clopidogrel Chemical compound C1([C@H](N2CC=3C=CSC=3CC2)C(=O)OC)=CC=CC=C1Cl GKTWGGQPFAXNFI-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JOZPEVMCAKXSEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine Chemical class N1=CN=CC2=NC=NC=C21 JOZPEVMCAKXSEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4184—1,3-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10306179A DE10306179A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 | 2003-02-13 | Verwendung von Dipyridamol in Kombination mit Acetylsalicylsäure und einem Angiotensin II-Antagonisten zur Schlaganfall-Prophylaxe |
| EP03018212 | 2003-08-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200505956B true ZA200505956B (en) | 2006-03-29 |
Family
ID=32870338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200505956A ZA200505956B (en) | 2003-02-13 | 2006-02-09 | Use of dipyridamoi in combination with acetylsalicyclic acid and an angiotensin II antagonist for stroke prevention |
Country Status (29)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US20040214802A1 (sl) |
| EP (2) | EP1733729A1 (sl) |
| JP (1) | JP2006517557A (sl) |
| KR (1) | KR20050100676A (sl) |
| CN (1) | CN1750830A (sl) |
| AR (1) | AR043173A1 (sl) |
| AT (1) | ATE395921T1 (sl) |
| AU (1) | AU2004212305A1 (sl) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0407457A (sl) |
| CA (1) | CA2515941A1 (sl) |
| DE (2) | DE10306179A1 (sl) |
| DK (1) | DK1603573T3 (sl) |
| EA (1) | EA200501231A1 (sl) |
| EC (1) | ECSP055963A (sl) |
| ES (1) | ES2308147T3 (sl) |
| HR (1) | HRP20050713A2 (sl) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05008572A (sl) |
| NO (1) | NO20054216L (sl) |
| NZ (1) | NZ542302A (sl) |
| PE (1) | PE20050191A1 (sl) |
| PL (1) | PL378204A1 (sl) |
| PT (1) | PT1603573E (sl) |
| RS (1) | RS20050618A (sl) |
| SI (1) | SI1603573T1 (sl) |
| TW (1) | TW200501957A (sl) |
| UA (1) | UA83481C2 (sl) |
| UY (1) | UY28182A1 (sl) |
| WO (1) | WO2004071385A2 (sl) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200505956B (sl) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10335027A1 (de) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-17 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung von Angiotensin II Rezeptor Antagonisten |
| DE10306179A1 (de) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-26 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung von Dipyridamol in Kombination mit Acetylsalicylsäure und einem Angiotensin II-Antagonisten zur Schlaganfall-Prophylaxe |
| CA2437709A1 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-20 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of dipyridamole, acetylsalicylic acid and an angiotensin ii antagonist for treatment and prevention of vascular events |
| JP2005060359A (ja) * | 2003-08-13 | 2005-03-10 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co Kg | 血管系病態の治療及び予防のためのジピリダモール、アセチルサリチル酸及びアンギオテンシンｉｉ拮抗薬の使用 |
| WO2009080301A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Treatment and prevention of ischaemic cerebral lesions and cerebrovascular cognitive impairment using a treatment regimen consisting of dipyridamole and an angiotensin ii receptor blocker in patients with previous stroke |
| WO2009100534A1 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-20 | Kardiatech, Inc. | Combination therapy to treat vascular disorders |
| US20100069326A1 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2010-03-18 | Wasimul Haque | Combination Therapies to Treat Cardio- and Cerebro-Vascular Disorders |
| WO2010097501A2 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-02 | Orion Corporation | A combination treatment |
| US8633158B1 (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-01-21 | Tarix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | Angiotensin in treating brain conditions |
| TWI725008B (zh) * | 2015-01-28 | 2021-04-21 | 瑞采生技有限公司 | 用於增強ＰＰＡＲγ表現及核轉位之化合物及其醫療用途 |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3031458A (en) * | 1958-02-05 | 1962-04-24 | Ciba Pharm Prod Inc | Isoindolines |
| US3031450A (en) | 1959-04-30 | 1962-04-24 | Thomae Gmbh Dr K | Substituted pyrimido-[5, 4-d]-pyrimidines |
| US3317279A (en) * | 1963-03-15 | 1967-05-02 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Polymorph of calcium disilicide and its method of preparation |
| JPS5671074A (en) * | 1979-11-12 | 1981-06-13 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 1,2-disubstituted-4-halogenoimidazole-5-acetic acid derivative |
| DE3000979A1 (de) | 1980-01-12 | 1981-07-23 | Dr. Karl Thomae Gmbh, 7950 Biberach | Neue dipyridamol-retardformen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
| US4318477A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1982-03-09 | Kerpe Stase Z | Pharmaceutical package |
| DE3124090A1 (de) | 1981-06-19 | 1983-01-05 | Dr. Karl Thomae Gmbh, 7950 Biberach | Neue orale dipyridamolformen |
| CA1334092C (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1995-01-24 | David John Carini | Angiotensin ii receptor blocking imidazoles |
| DE3627423A1 (de) | 1986-08-13 | 1988-02-18 | Thomae Gmbh Dr K | Arzneimittel enthaltend dipyridamol oder mopidamol und o-acetylsalicylsaeure bzw. deren physiologisch vertraegliche salze, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung zur bekaempfung der thrombusbildung |
| CA1338238C (en) | 1988-01-07 | 1996-04-09 | David John Carini | Angiotensin ii receptor blocking imidazoles and combinations thereof with diuretics and nsaids |
| US4880804A (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1989-11-14 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Angiotensin II receptor blocking benzimidazoles |
| US5015651A (en) | 1988-01-07 | 1991-05-14 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Treatment of hypertension with 1,2,4-angiotensin II antagonists |
| SI9210098B (sl) | 1991-02-06 | 2000-06-30 | Dr. Karl Thomae | Benzimidazoli, zdravila, ki te spojine vsebujejo, in postopek za njihovo pripravo |
| EP1013273A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2000-06-28 | Novartis AG | Use of AT-1 receptor antagonist or AT-2 receptor modulator for treating diseases associated with an increase of AT-1 or AT-2 receptors |
| SE9903028D0 (sv) * | 1999-08-27 | 1999-08-27 | Astra Ab | New use |
| EP1093814A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-25 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG | Use of dipyridamole or mopidamol in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of fibrin-dependent microcirculation disorders |
| JP2002138054A (ja) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-05-14 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | フィブリノーゲン低下剤 |
| JP2002293742A (ja) * | 2001-01-29 | 2002-10-09 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 鎮痛・抗炎症剤 |
| JP2003212758A (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2003-07-30 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 徐放性製剤の製造法 |
| DE10306179A1 (de) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-26 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung von Dipyridamol in Kombination mit Acetylsalicylsäure und einem Angiotensin II-Antagonisten zur Schlaganfall-Prophylaxe |
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2003
- 2003-02-13 DE DE10306179A patent/DE10306179A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2004
- 2004-02-03 US US10/770,971 patent/US20040214802A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-10 SI SI200430789T patent/SI1603573T1/sl unknown
- 2004-02-10 KR KR1020057014826A patent/KR20050100676A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-10 WO PCT/EP2004/001208 patent/WO2004071385A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-10 AU AU2004212305A patent/AU2004212305A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-10 JP JP2006501788A patent/JP2006517557A/ja active Pending
- 2004-02-10 PT PT04709596T patent/PT1603573E/pt unknown
- 2004-02-10 CN CNA2004800041078A patent/CN1750830A/zh active Pending
- 2004-02-10 RS YUP-2005/0618A patent/RS20050618A/sr unknown
- 2004-02-10 DK DK04709596T patent/DK1603573T3/da active
- 2004-02-10 BR BR0407457-2A patent/BRPI0407457A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-10 PL PL378204A patent/PL378204A1/pl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-10 EP EP06121998A patent/EP1733729A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-02-10 EP EP04709596A patent/EP1603573B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-10 MX MXPA05008572A patent/MXPA05008572A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-10 UY UY28182A patent/UY28182A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-10 CA CA002515941A patent/CA2515941A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-10 ES ES04709596T patent/ES2308147T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-10 AT AT04709596T patent/ATE395921T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-10 US US10/544,239 patent/US20070004687A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-10 DE DE602004013937T patent/DE602004013937D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-10 NZ NZ542302A patent/NZ542302A/en unknown
- 2004-02-10 EA EA200501231A patent/EA200501231A1/ru unknown
- 2004-02-11 PE PE2004000151A patent/PE20050191A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-12 TW TW093103344A patent/TW200501957A/zh unknown
- 2004-02-13 AR ARP040100446A patent/AR043173A1/es not_active Suspension/Interruption
- 2004-10-02 UA UAA200508697A patent/UA83481C2/uk unknown
-
2005
- 2005-08-11 EC EC2005005963A patent/ECSP055963A/es unknown
- 2005-08-12 HR HR20050713A patent/HRP20050713A2/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-09-12 NO NO20054216A patent/NO20054216L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2006
- 2006-02-09 ZA ZA200505956A patent/ZA200505956B/en unknown
- 2006-06-29 US US11/478,184 patent/US20060241089A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2007
- 2007-12-18 US US11/958,499 patent/US20080113949A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-01-15 US US12/014,181 patent/US20080188497A1/en not_active Abandoned
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