YU46531B - Postupak za dobivanje keramičkih kompozitnih tela kopiranjem inverznih oblika - Google Patents
Postupak za dobivanje keramičkih kompozitnih tela kopiranjem inverznih oblikaInfo
- Publication number
- YU46531B YU46531B YU10187A YU10187A YU46531B YU 46531 B YU46531 B YU 46531B YU 10187 A YU10187 A YU 10187A YU 10187 A YU10187 A YU 10187A YU 46531 B YU46531 B YU 46531B
- Authority
- YU
- Yugoslavia
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- parent metal
- cavity
- ceramic composite
- metal
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000003874 inverse correlation nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003362 replicative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/74—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing shaped metallic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
- C04B35/117—Composites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/65—Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
- C04B35/652—Directional oxidation or solidification, e.g. Lanxide process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3817—Carbides
- C04B2235/3826—Silicon carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/401—Alkaline earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/402—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/428—Silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6028—Shaping around a core which is removed later
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
POSTUPAK ZA DOBIVANJE KERAMICKIH KOMPOZITNIH TELA KOPIRANJEM INVERZNIH OBLIKA, naznacen time, sto obuhvata: oblikovanje osnovnog metala radi dobivanja kalupa; ugradjivanje oblikovanog osnovnog metala u kupatilo prilagodivog punila radi inverznog kopiranja geometrije oblikovanog osnovnog metala, gde punilo je propustljivo za dati oksidans radi kontaktiranja sa stopljenim osnovnim metalom i za infiltriranje rasta oksidacionog reakconog proizvoda kroz punilo, koje dalje poseduju dovoljnu prilagodivost za promenu zapremine usled topljenja metala i diferencijalno termicko sirenje osnovnog metala i punila i bar u svojoj nosecoj zoni je samovezujuce na temperaturi iznad tacke topljenja osnovnog metala, ali ispod ili dovoljno blizu oksidacionoj reakcionoj temperaturi, tako da ima dovoljnu kohezivnu jacinu za zadrzavanje inverzno kopirane geometrije u kupatilu posle migracije stopljenog osnovnog metala, kao sto je definisano nize, zagrevanje ugradjenog oblikovanog osnovnog metala do teperature iznad njegove tacke topljenja ali ispod tacke topljenja oksidacionog reakcionog proizvoda; reagovanje stopljenog osnovnog metala sa oksidansom radi gradjenja oksidacionog reakcionog proizvoda; odrzavanje bar dela oksidacionog reakcionog proizvoda u kontaktu sa i izmedju stopljenog metala i oksidansa radi progresivnog izvlacenja stopljenog metala kroz oksidacioni reakcioni proizvod i istovremenog gradjenja u kupatilu punila supljine kako oksidacioni reakcioni proizvod nastavlja da se gradi na medjupovrsini izmedju oksidansa i nagradjenog oksidacionog reakcionog proizvoda dovoljno dugo radi bar delimicnog ugradjivanja punila u oksidacioni reakcioni proizvod rastom poslednjeg i gradjenja kompozitnog tela od viska punila, ako ga ima. Prijava sadrzi jos 24 zavisna patentna zahteva.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/823,542 US4828785A (en) | 1986-01-27 | 1986-01-27 | Inverse shape replication method of making ceramic composite articles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
YU10187A YU10187A (en) | 1988-12-31 |
YU46531B true YU46531B (sh) | 1993-11-16 |
Family
ID=25239058
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
YU10187A YU46531B (sh) | 1986-01-27 | 1987-01-26 | Postupak za dobivanje keramičkih kompozitnih tela kopiranjem inverznih oblika |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US4828785A (sh) |
EP (1) | EP0234704B1 (sh) |
JP (1) | JPH0832595B2 (sh) |
KR (1) | KR950004063B1 (sh) |
CN (1) | CN1017616B (sh) |
AT (1) | ATE69039T1 (sh) |
AU (1) | AU602878B2 (sh) |
BR (1) | BR8700342A (sh) |
CA (1) | CA1303336C (sh) |
CS (1) | CS275933B6 (sh) |
DE (1) | DE3774147D1 (sh) |
DK (1) | DK165178C (sh) |
ES (1) | ES2028061T3 (sh) |
FI (1) | FI84343C (sh) |
GR (1) | GR3003664T3 (sh) |
IE (1) | IE59605B1 (sh) |
IL (1) | IL81191A (sh) |
IN (1) | IN166622B (sh) |
MX (1) | MX163871B (sh) |
NO (1) | NO175054B (sh) |
NZ (1) | NZ219054A (sh) |
PH (1) | PH25213A (sh) |
PL (1) | PL153691B1 (sh) |
PT (1) | PT84198B (sh) |
RU (1) | RU1787148C (sh) |
YU (1) | YU46531B (sh) |
ZA (1) | ZA87413B (sh) |
Families Citing this family (62)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5420085A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1995-05-30 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Methods of making composite aluminum nitride ceramic articles having embedded filler |
US4851375A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1989-07-25 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Methods of making composite ceramic articles having embedded filler |
US5654246A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1997-08-05 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Methods of making composite ceramic articles having embedded filler |
US4828785A (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1989-05-09 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Inverse shape replication method of making ceramic composite articles |
US5168081A (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1992-12-01 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Ceramic composite articles obtained by inverse shape replication |
US4923832A (en) * | 1986-05-08 | 1990-05-08 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of making shaped ceramic composites with the use of a barrier |
US4956137A (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1990-09-11 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Porous ceramic composite with dense surface |
US4960736A (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1990-10-02 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Surface bonding of ceramic bodies |
US5238886A (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1993-08-24 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Surface bonding of ceramic bodies |
US5104835A (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1992-04-14 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Surface bonding of ceramic bodies |
US5196271A (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1993-03-23 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of making ceramic articles having channels therein and articles made thereby |
US4837232A (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1989-06-06 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Dense skin ceramic structure and method of making the same |
US5633213A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1997-05-27 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method for in situ tailoring the component of ceramic articles |
US5268339A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1993-12-07 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method for in situ tailoring the component of ceramic articles |
TR23487A (tr) * | 1986-12-22 | 1990-02-01 | Lanxide Technology Co Ltd | Sekilli seramik bilesikleri yapma yoentemi |
US5523270A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1996-06-04 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Complex perovskite oxidation reaction products |
US5102864A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1992-04-07 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Methods for forming complex oxidation reaction products including superconducting articles |
YU125388A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1990-04-30 | Lanxide Technology Co Ltd | Processes for shaping complex products of oxidation reactions including supra conducting articles |
IL86947A (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1992-08-18 | Lanxide Technology Co Ltd | Process for preparing self-supporting bodies and products made thereby |
US4886766A (en) * | 1987-08-10 | 1989-12-12 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of making ceramic composite articles and articles made thereby |
US4871008A (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1989-10-03 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of making metal matrix composites |
DE3812266C1 (sh) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-08-24 | Nils Prof. Dr. 2107 Rosengarten De Claussen | |
US5000245A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1991-03-19 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Inverse shape replication method for forming metal matrix composite bodies and products produced therefrom |
US5007476A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1991-04-16 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of forming metal matrix composite bodies by utilizing a crushed polycrystalline oxidation reaction product as a filler, and products produced thereby |
US5007475A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1991-04-16 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method for forming metal matrix composite bodies containing three-dimensionally interconnected co-matrices and products produced thereby |
US5004036A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1991-04-02 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method for making metal matrix composites by the use of a negative alloy mold and products produced thereby |
US5100837A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-03-31 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of making ceramic composite bodies incorporating filler material and bodies produced thereby |
US5185298A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1993-02-09 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Method of making ceramic composite bodies incorporating filler material and bodies produced thereby |
US5262203A (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1993-11-16 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Methods of producing ceramic and ceramic composite bodies |
US5120580A (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1992-06-09 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Methods of producing ceramic and ceramic composite bodies |
AU649687B2 (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1994-06-02 | Lanxide Corporation | Thin metal matrix composites and production methods |
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-
1986
- 1986-01-27 US US06/823,542 patent/US4828785A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-01-07 IL IL8119187A patent/IL81191A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-15 PH PH34727A patent/PH25213A/en unknown
- 1987-01-19 AT AT87300409T patent/ATE69039T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-19 DE DE8787300409T patent/DE3774147D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-19 ES ES87300409T patent/ES2028061T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-01-19 EP EP19870300409 patent/EP0234704B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-01-20 ZA ZA87413A patent/ZA87413B/xx unknown
- 1987-01-22 IN IN68/CAL/87A patent/IN166622B/en unknown
- 1987-01-22 AU AU67919/87A patent/AU602878B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-01-23 CS CS87502A patent/CS275933B6/cs unknown
- 1987-01-26 NO NO870312A patent/NO175054B/no unknown
- 1987-01-26 MX MX5029A patent/MX163871B/es unknown
- 1987-01-26 RU SU874028927A patent/RU1787148C/ru active
- 1987-01-26 FI FI870336A patent/FI84343C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-26 YU YU10187A patent/YU46531B/sh unknown
- 1987-01-26 NZ NZ21905487A patent/NZ219054A/xx unknown
- 1987-01-26 JP JP1430887A patent/JPH0832595B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-26 CN CN87100269A patent/CN1017616B/zh not_active Expired
- 1987-01-26 IE IE19387A patent/IE59605B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-27 BR BR8700342A patent/BR8700342A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1987-01-27 PL PL1987263840A patent/PL153691B1/pl unknown
- 1987-01-27 KR KR1019870000628A patent/KR950004063B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-27 PT PT8419887A patent/PT84198B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-27 CA CA 528275 patent/CA1303336C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-27 DK DK43587A patent/DK165178C/da active
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1989
- 1989-03-28 US US07/329,794 patent/US5051382A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1992
- 1992-01-27 GR GR920400094T patent/GR3003664T3/el unknown
- 1992-11-30 US US07/983,191 patent/US5275987A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1994
- 1994-01-03 US US08/176,058 patent/US5494868A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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