Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
  • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
  • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
  • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
  • H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
  • H02K1/2783—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets with magnets arranged in Halbach arrays
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
  • H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
  • H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
  • H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
  • H02K1/2792—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets with magnets arranged in Halbach arrays
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
  • H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets

Definitions

• the disclosure in this specification relates to motor magnets, motor components, and motors.
• Patent Document 1 describes a permanent magnet motor equipped with a stator and rotor arranged radially opposite each other.
• the rotor has multiple permanent magnets arranged circumferentially.
• a motor component having a motor magnet The motor magnet is a first surface and a second surface aligned in a first direction; a first end portion and a second end portion aligned in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a plurality of orientations distributed between the first surface and the second surface and between the first end and the second end; At least a portion of the plurality of orientations has a first orientation component along a first direction and a second orientation component along a second direction; the first alignment component extends from one of the first surface and the second surface to the other in the first direction, is smaller on the second surface side than on the first surface side in the first direction, and is smaller on each of the first end side and the second end side than on a central portion side between the first end and the second end side in the second direction; the second alignment component is larger on the second surface side than on the first surface side in the first direction, and is larger on each of the first end side and the second end side than on the central portion side in the second direction;
• the motor component has the second orientation
• the above motor components can achieve the same effects as the above motor magnets.
• the disclosed aspects include: an exciter that is excited by current flow; a field element having a motor magnet and aligned with the exciter element in the first direction;
• the motor magnet is a first surface and a second surface aligned in a first direction; a first end portion and a second end portion aligned in a second direction intersecting the first direction;
• the motor magnet is a first surface and a second surface aligned in a first direction; a first end and a second end aligned in a second direction; a plurality of orientations distributed between the first surface and the second surface and between the first end and the second end; At least a portion of the plurality of orientations has a first orientation component along a first direction and a second orientation component along a second direction;
• the first alignment component extends from one of the first surface and the second surface to the other in the first direction, is smaller on the second surface side than on the first surface side in the first direction, and is smaller on each of the first end side and the second end side than on
• FIG. 2 is a plan view of the motor according to the first embodiment.
• FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the rotor and stator unfolded so that the circumferential direction is a linear direction.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation of an S magnet.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an orientation measurement result.
• FIG. 11 is a partial plan view of a rotor and a stator in the second embodiment, which are developed so that the circumferential direction is a linear direction.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation of an S magnet.
• FIG. 11 is a plan view of a motor according to a third embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation direction of a magnet in the fourth embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation of an S magnet.
• FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the orientation direction of a magnet in the fifth embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation of an S magnet.
• FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the orientation direction of a magnet in the sixth embodiment.
• FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the orientation direction of a magnet in the seventh embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation direction of a magnet in the fourth embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation direction of a magnet in the fourth embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the orientation of an S magnet.
• the three mutually orthogonal directions will be referred to as the axial direction AD, radial direction RD, and circumferential direction CD.
• the radial direction RD is sometimes referred to as the radial direction
• the axial direction AD is sometimes referred to as the axial direction.
• the motor 10 has a housing 11, a shaft 12, a stator 30, and a rotor 40.
• the housing 11 is made of a metal material or the like.
• the housing 11 is a housing whose outer and inner peripheral surfaces are formed in an annular shape. At least a portion of the shaft 12, the stator 30, and the rotor 40 are housed in the space surrounded by this annular inner peripheral surface.
• the stator 30 is the stator
• the rotor 40 is the rotor.
• the shaft 12 is fixed to the rotor 40.
• the shaft 12 and rotor 40 rotate relative to the stator 30.
• the shaft 12 and rotor 40 rotate about the motor axis Cm.
• the motor axis Cm extends in the axial direction AD through the center of the shaft 12 and the center of the rotor 40.
• the motor axis Cm is the rotational axis of the motor 10.
• the shaft 12 extends in the axial direction AD along the motor axis Cm.
• the rotor 40 rotates about the shaft 12.
• the shaft 12 corresponds to the rotation axis.
• the shaft 12 is rotatably supported by bearing members such as bearings.
• the motor 10 is sometimes referred to as a rotary motor that performs rotary motion.
• the rotor 40 is provided on the inner periphery of the stator 30.
• the motor 10 is a brushless motor.
• a motor 10 in which the rotor 40 is provided on the inner periphery of the stator 30 is sometimes referred to as an inner rotor type motor.
• a rotor 40 provided on the inner periphery of the stator 30 is sometimes referred to as an inner rotor.
• the stator 30 is fixed to the housing 11.
• the stator 30 extends in the circumferential direction CD along the inner circumferential surface of the housing 11.
• the stator 30 is formed in an annular shape as a whole.
• the stator 30 is an exciter that is excited when electricity is passed through it.
• the stator 30 is sometimes called an armature.
• the stator 30 has a stator core 31 and coils 35.
• the stator 30 is excited when electricity is passed through the coils 35.
• the coils 35 are formed from electric wires or the like, and can be electrified.
• the stator core 31 is an iron core.
• the stator core 31 is made of a soft magnetic material or the like.
• the stator core 31 is capable of forming a magnetic path through which magnetic flux such as interlinkage magnetic flux passes.
• the stator core 31 has core teeth 32 and a core outer periphery 33. Multiple core teeth 32 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD along the inner circumferential surface of the housing 11. Coils 35 are wound around the core teeth 32.
• the core outer periphery 33 is provided on the outer periphery of the core teeth 32.
• the core outer periphery 33 supports the core teeth 32.
• the core outer periphery 33 is fixed directly or indirectly to the housing 11.
• the core outer periphery 33 extends in the circumferential direction CD so as to span the multiple core teeth 32.
• the core outer periphery 33 is formed in an annular shape.
• the rotor 40 is a field element.
• a field element corresponds to a motor component.
• the rotor 40 corresponds to the motor component.
• the rotor 40 has a rotor core 50 and magnets 90.
• the magnets 90 generate a magnetic field.
• the magnets 90 are attached to the rotor core 50 by adhesive or the like.
• the rotor core 50 is formed in an overall cylindrical shape. Multiple magnets 90 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD along the outer peripheral edge of the rotor core 50.
• the rotor core 50 has a magnet support portion 51, a holder fixing portion 52, and a holder arm portion 53.
• the magnet support portion 51 forms the outer periphery of the rotor core 50.
• the magnet support portion 51 extends in the circumferential direction CD so as to form a ring.
• the magnet support portion 51 supports a magnet 90.
• the magnet support portion 51 corresponds to a support portion.
• the magnet 90 is fixed to the magnet support portion 51.
• the magnet 90 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor core 50. Multiple magnets 90 are arranged along the outer periphery surface 51a of the magnet support portion 51.
• the holder arm portion 53 connects the magnet support portion 51 and the holder fixing portion 52.
• the holder arm portion 53 extends in the radial direction RD so as to bridge between the magnet support portion 51 and the holder fixing portion 52.
• Multiple holder arm portions 53 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD.
• the rotor core 50 is formed from a metal material or the like. At least a portion of the rotor core 50 is formed from a soft magnetic material or the like. In the rotor core 50, at least the magnet support portion 51 is formed from a soft magnetic material. The magnet support portion 51 is a soft magnetic body. In the rotor core 50, at least the magnet support portion 51 can form a magnetic path through which magnetic flux such as interlinkage magnetic flux passes. A magnetic path is sometimes called a magnetic circuit.
• the magnet support portion 51 is a back core for the magnet 90, which will be described later.
• the magnet support portion 51 is sometimes called a yoke or a yoke.
• the magnet support portion 51 has the property of passing magnetic flux.
• the annular outer surface 71 is the outer surface of the magnet ring portion 70. In a plan view of the magnet ring portion 70 seen from the axial direction AD, the annular outer surface 71 extends in the circumferential direction CD along the outer peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70. For example, the annular outer surface 71 forms the outer peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70.
• the annular inner surface 72 is the inner peripheral surface of the magnet ring portion 70. In a plan view, the annular inner surface 72 extends in the circumferential direction CD along the inner peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70. For example, the annular outer surface 71 forms the inner peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70. Both the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70 are circular.
• the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge each form an arc.
• the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge are concentric.
• the center of the annular outer surface 71 and the center of the annular inner peripheral surface 72 are both located at positions passing through the motor axis Cm.
• the magnet ring portion 70 is a component that constitutes part of the motor 10.
• the magnet ring portion 70 is fixed to the magnet support portion 51.
• the portion where the magnet ring portion 70 and the magnet support portion 51 are integrated is sometimes referred to as a motor component.
• the magnet annular portion 70 has a plurality of magnets 90. These magnets 90 are lined up in the circumferential direction CD along the outer peripheral surface of the magnet support portion 51. Each of the magnets 90 extends in the axial direction AD, and the magnets 90 are not lined up in the axial direction AD. The magnets 90 form the first annular surface 73 and the second annular surface 74 of the magnet annular portion 70. Note that a configuration in which the magnets 90 are lined up in the axial direction AD can also be used.
• a magnetic field is generated as current flows through the coil 35.
• multiple magnetic fluxes MF are passed between the stator 30 and the rotor 40.
• the magnetic path through which this magnetic flux MF passes is determined by the magnetic flux emitted from each of the stator 30 and the rotor 40, as well as the surrounding housing 11.
• the magnetic flux passes through the core teeth 32, the core outer periphery 33, etc.
• the magnetic flux passes through the magnet 90, the magnet support portion 51, etc.
• the multiple magnetic fluxes MF include a first magnetic flux MF1 and a second magnetic flux MF2.
• the magnetic fluxes MF1 and MF2 flow from the stator 30 toward the rotor 40.
• the magnetic fluxes MF1 and MF2 then make a U-turn at the rotor 40 and flow from the rotor 40 toward the stator 30.
• the magnetic fluxes MF1 and MF2 flow so as to be passed between the two core teeth 32 via the magnet annular portion 70.
• the first magnetic flux MF1 does not extend beyond the magnet annular portion 70 to the side opposite the core teeth 32 in the radial direction RD.
• the first magnetic flux MF1 and the second magnetic flux MF2 coexist.
• the magnetic path through which the first magnetic flux MF1 passes is a closed magnetic path within the magnet annular portion 70.
• the magnetic path through which the second magnetic flux MF2 passes is a magnetic path that passes through the magnet support portion 51 (back core).
• the orientation OR of magnet 90 is set so that the number of second magnetic fluxes MF2 is reduced.
• the orientation OR of magnet 90 is also set so that the number of first magnetic fluxes MF1 is increased.
• the orientation OR is set so that magnetic flux MF, such as interlinkage magnetic flux, is concentrated near the center of magnet 90.
• the orientation OR is also the orientation of magnet annular portion 70.
• the orientation OR faces the direction of easy magnetization in magnet 90.
• the easy direction of magnetization is the direction in which magnet 90 is easily magnetized.
• the orientation OR is sometimes referred to as magnet orientation.
• the presence of orientation OR in magnet 90 is sometimes expressed as magnet 90 having multiple orientations OR. Magnet 90 is sometimes referred to as an anisotropic magnet.
• the orientation OR as a whole faces in the circumferential direction CD.
• the orientation OR is not inclined toward the axial direction AD with respect to the radial direction RD.
• at least some of the orientation OR are inclined toward the circumferential direction CD with respect to the radial direction RD.
• the orientation OR is indicated by a hollow arrow. The hollow arrow indicates the direction of the orientation OR.
• the size of the orientation OR is the same for all orientations OR. In other words, in magnet 90, the size of the orientation OR is constant.
• orientations OR may exist in magnet 90, but for convenience, only a predetermined number are shown in Figure 3 and other figures. Although there may be some bias in an actual magnet, the illustration shows a predetermined number of orientations OR as being evenly distributed.
• the size of the orientation OR is constant, so the orientation components ORa and ORb have a relationship such that as the second orientation component ORb increases, the first orientation component ORa decreases, and as the second orientation component ORb decreases, the first orientation component ORa increases.
• the radial direction RD corresponds to the first direction
• the circumferential direction CD corresponds to the second direction
• the first orientation component ORa is the orientation component in the first direction
• the second orientation component ORb is the orientation component in the second direction.
• the magnet 90 corresponds to the motor magnet.
• a configuration in which the magnet 90 and the stator 30 are arranged side by side in the radial direction RD corresponds to a configuration in which the motor magnet and exciter are arranged side by side in the first direction.
• the orientation OR may be inclined toward the axial direction AD with respect to the radial direction RD.
• the third orientation component of the orientation OR does not have to be zero.
• the magnitude of the orientation OR in a planar view is constant regardless of the magnitude of the third orientation component.
• the magnitude of the orientation OR obtained by combining the first orientation component ORa and the second orientation component ORb is constant regardless of the magnitude of the third orientation component.
• the first reference line Lr1 is a virtual line that passes through the motor axis Cm and extends linearly in the radial direction RD.
• the second reference line Lr2 is a reference line that extends in the second direction.
• the second reference line Lr2 is a virtual line that extends linearly in the circumferential direction CD.
• the first reference line Lr1 and the second reference line Lr2 are perpendicular to each other.
• the first reference line Lr1 and the second reference line Lr2 are perpendicular to the motor axis Cm.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is in the range of 0° or more and 90° or less. The relationship 0° ⁇ 90° holds for the orientation angle ⁇ .
• the orientation angle ⁇ indicates the angle between the orientation OR and the first reference line Lr1, with the orientation of the orientation OR as the reference.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is the angle between the head of the arrow in the orientation OR and the first reference line Lr1.
• the orientation angle ⁇ may be the same for multiple orientations OR that are oriented in different directions.
• the orientation angle ⁇ may be the same for an orientation OR facing the upper left of the page in Figure 5 and an orientation OR facing the lower left of the page in Figure 5.
• the orientation angle ⁇ may be the same for an orientation OR facing the upper left of the page in Figure 5 and an orientation OR facing the upper right of the page in Figure 5.
• the magnitude of the orientation OR is constant in magnet 90, so the orientation angle ⁇ is determined by the magnitude relationship between the first orientation component ORa and the second orientation component ORb. Equations 1 and 2 hold true for magnet 90.
• A1 Acos ⁇ ...Formula 1
• A2 Asin ⁇ ...Formula 2
• the magnitude of the alignment OR is denoted as A
• the magnitude of the first alignment component ORa is denoted as A1
• the magnitude of the second alignment component ORb is denoted as A2.
• the magnet 90 is a magnetic member formed from a magnetic material or the like. Examples of magnetic members include sintered magnets and bonded magnets. One magnet 90 is formed from one magnetic member.
• the magnetic material is a material containing magnetic powder.
• the magnet 90 is formed containing magnetic powder. Magnetic powder is sometimes called magnetic powder or magnetic powder. In the magnet 90, the magnetic powder is in a magnetized state. In the magnet ring portion 70, multiple magnets 90 are fixed to each other with an adhesive or the like. Note that in this embodiment, the magnet 90 is the smallest component of the magnet ring portion 70, but this is not limited to this. The smallest component may be smaller or larger than the magnet 90 shown in this embodiment. For example, the smallest component may be half or twice the size of the magnet 90.
• magnet 90 the direction of the orientation OR is set by magnetization, etc. Fine magnetic powder is used as the magnetic powder in magnet 90. Because the magnetic powder is fine, magnet 90 has a high degree of freedom regarding the orientation OR. In magnet 90, the arrangement of the orientation OR is complex. In magnet 90, multiple orientations OR are distributed so that the number of second magnetic fluxes MF2 is reduced.
• the magnetic powder that forms magnet 90 includes magnetic powder made from a metallic material.
• Magnetic powder made from a metallic material includes base metal magnetic powder, rare metal magnetic powder, and rare earth magnetic powder.
• Base metal magnetic powder is magnetic powder made from a base metal.
• Rare metal magnetic powder is magnetic powder made from a rare metal.
• Rare earth magnetic powder is magnetic powder made from a rare earth.
• Magnet 90 is formed containing at least one of base metal magnetic powder, rare metal magnetic powder, and rare earth magnetic powder.
• Magnet 90 is formed in a roughly rectangular parallelepiped shape. In reality, magnet 90 has a shape that extends along an arc, as shown in Figure 2. In Figure 6 and other figures, the curved lines that extend along the arc of magnet 90 are shown expanded into straight lines. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, magnet 90 has a first opposing surface 91, a second opposing surface 92, a first end surface 93, a second end surface 94, a first side surface 95, and a second side surface 96. These surfaces 91 to 96 are included in the outer surface of magnet 90.
• the opposing surfaces 91, 92 extend in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction RD.
• the opposing surfaces 91, 92 extend in the circumferential direction CD so as to span between the first end face 93 and the second end face 94.
• the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 are aligned in the radial direction RD via surfaces 93-96.
• the first opposing surface 91 is located on the outer periphery
• the second opposing surface 92 is located on the inner periphery.
• the first opposing surface 91 is included in the annular outer surface 71.
• the second opposing surface 92 is included in the annular inner periphery 72.
• the side surfaces 95, 96 extend in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction AD.
• the first side surface 95 and the second side surface 96 are aligned in the axial direction AD via the end surfaces 93, 94 and the opposing surfaces 91, 92.
• the first side surface 95 is included in the first annular surface 73.
• the second side surface 96 is included in the second annular surface 74.
• magnet 90 will be subdivided.
• magnet 90 has a vertical central portion 97, opposing parallel portions 98, and end surface parallel portions 99.
• These subdivided elements have been set up for the convenience of explanation, and in reality, some of them are not clearly separate entities. Some of these vertical central portion 97, opposing parallel portions 98, and end surface parallel portions 99 may be included in the rest. These subdivided elements have been set up to explain specific locations on magnet 90.
• the vertical central portion 97 is the central portion of the magnet 90 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the vertical central portion 97 is located midway between the first end face 93 and the second end face 94 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the vertical central portion 97 extends in the radial direction RD so as to span between the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92.
• the vertical central portion 97 corresponds to the center.
• the vertical central portion 97 is sometimes referred to as the middle portion of the magnetic pole.
• the orientation OR at the opposing parallel portion 98 that is closest to the first opposing surface 91 among the multiple opposing parallel portions 98 is the orientation OR on the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the orientation components ORa and ORb at this opposing parallel portion 98 are the orientation components ORa and ORb on the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the orientation OR at the opposing parallel portion 98 that is closest to the second opposing surface 92 among the multiple opposing parallel portions 98 is the orientation OR on the second opposing surface 92 side.
• the orientation components ORa and ORb at this opposing parallel portion 98 are the orientation components ORa and ORb on the second opposing surface 92 side.
• the orientation OR at the end face parallel portion 99 closest to the first end face 93 among the multiple end face parallel portions 99 is the orientation on the first end face 93 side.
• the orientation components ORa and ORb at this end face parallel portion 99 are the orientation components ORa and ORb on the first end face 93 side.
• the orientation OR at the end face parallel portion 99 closest to the second end face 94 among the multiple end face parallel portions 99 is the orientation on the second end face 94 side.
• the orientation components ORa and ORb at this end face parallel portion 99 are the orientation components ORa and ORb on the second end face 94 side.
• magnet 90 is shown as a schematic plan view of magnet 90, with the magnet being rectangular in plan view.
• magnet 90 is formed in a roughly fan shape in plan view.
• opposing surfaces 91 and 92 of magnet 90 are curved so as to bulge outward.
• the distance between first end face 93 and second end face 94 gradually increases toward the outer periphery.
• first side surface 95 and second side surface 96 extend parallel to each other with a constant distance between them.
• magnetic flux MF passes through the S magnet 90S in the radial direction RD, away from the stator 30.
• the S magnet 90S is configured so that its orientation OR does not face the first opposing surface 91 as a whole.
• the S magnet 90S is configured so that its orientation OR faces the second opposing surface 92 and end faces 93 and 94 as a whole.
• the first opposing surface 91 which is the S pole surface
• the second opposing surface 92 which is the N pole surface
• the first end surface 93, and the second end surface 94 are sometimes referred to as the second opposing surface 92N, the first end surface 93N, and the second end surface 94N.
• magnetic flux passes through the N magnet 90N in the radial direction RD, approaching the stator 30.
• the N magnet 90N is set so that its orientation OR faces the first opposing surface 91 overall.
• the N magnet 90N is set so that its orientation OR does not face the second opposing surface 92 or the end faces 93 and 94.
• the first opposing surface 91 of the N magnet 90N is the N pole surface.
• the N magnet 90N does not have a uniform N pole strength at the first opposing surface 91.
• the orientation of the orientation OR in the circumferential direction CD differs between the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side, with the vertical center portion 97 in between.
• the multiple orientations OR face as a whole toward the first end face 93 side.
• the multiple orientations OR face as a whole toward the second end face 94 side.
• the orientation OR on the first end face 93 side of the vertical center portion 97 and the orientation OR on the second end face 94 side of the vertical center portion 97 face in opposite directions to each other overall in the circumferential direction CD.
• the multiple orientations OR have a second orientation component ORb along the circumferential direction CD.
• the second orientation component ORb is oriented in opposite directions between the first end face 93 and the vertical central portion 97 and between the second end face 94 and the vertical central portion 97.
• the second orientation component ORb is oriented from the first end face 93 to the vertical central portion 97 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the second orientation component ORb is oriented from the second end face 94 to the vertical central portion 97 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the orientation OR relative to the first opposing surface 91 of the N magnet 90N and the S magnet 90S is opposite in the radial direction RD.
• the orientation OR faces toward the first opposing surface 91 as a whole. That is, in the N magnet 90N, the first orientation component ORa faces toward the first opposing surface 91.
• the orientation OR faces away from the first opposing surface 91 as a whole. That is, in the S magnet 90S, the first orientation component ORa faces toward the second opposing surface 92.
• the magnet annular portion 70 has an N-pole center portion 75, an S-pole center portion 76, and an inter-pole portion 77.
• the N-pole center portion 75, the S-pole center portion 76, and the inter-pole portion 77 are regions in the magnet annular portion 70 that extend in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction CD.
• Multiple N-pole center portions 75, S-pole center portions 76, and inter-pole portions 77 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD in the magnet annular portion 70.
• One N-pole center portion 75 or one S-pole center portion 76 is provided between two inter-pole portions 77 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD.
• inter-pole portion 77 an attractive force is likely to be generated between the first end face 93N and the second end face 94S.
• Another example of the inter-pole portion 77 is an inter-pole portion 77 where the first end face 93S and the second end face 94N face each other. In this inter-pole portion 77, an attractive force is likely to be generated between the first end surface 93S and the second end surface 94N.
• the N magnets 90N and the S magnets 90S are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction CD, so that the first opposing surfaces 91N and the first opposing surfaces 91S are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction CD.
• the second opposing surfaces 92N and the second opposing surfaces 92S are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction CD.
• the magnitude of the second orientation component ORb varies across multiple orientations OR for each of the N magnet 90N and the S magnet 90S.
• the second orientation component ORb is larger on the second opposing surface 92 side than on the first opposing surface 91 side in the radial direction RD. That is, the second orientation component ORb is smaller on the stator 30 side in the radial direction RD than on the side farther from the stator 30.
• the second orientation component ORb gradually increases from the first opposing surface 91 side toward the second opposing surface 92 side. For example, the second orientation component ORb gradually increases continuously from the first opposing surface 91 side toward the second opposing surface 92 side. Note that the second orientation component ORb may also gradually increase in stages from the first opposing surface 91 side toward the second opposing surface 92 side.
• the degree of change in the second orientation component ORb is not particularly limited.
• the second alignment component ORb is larger on the second opposing surface 92 side than on the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the second alignment component ORb of the alignment ORmn on the second opposing surface 92 side is larger than the second alignment component ORb of the alignment OR1n on the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the relationship in which the second orientation component ORb gradually increases from the first opposing surface 91 toward the second opposing surface 92 does not necessarily have to hold for the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S.
• the second alignment component ORb is larger on each of the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side in the circumferential direction CD than on the vertical center portion 97 side.
• the second alignment component ORb gradually increases from the vertical center portion 97 side toward the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side.
• the second alignment component ORb gradually increases continuously from the vertical center portion 97 side toward the end faces 93, 94 side.
• the second alignment component ORb may also gradually increase in stages from the vertical center portion 97 side toward the end faces 93, 94 side.
• the degree of change in the second alignment component ORb is not particularly limited.
• the second alignment component ORb is larger on the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side than on the vertical center portion 97 side.
• the second alignment component ORb of alignment OR1n on the first end face 93 side is larger than the second alignment component ORb of alignment OR11 on the vertical center portion 97 side.
• the second alignment component ORb gradually increases from the vertical center portion 97 toward the first end surface 93 and the second end surface 94.
• the second alignment component ORb of alignment OR12 at the intermediate position is larger than the second alignment component ORb of alignment OR11, but smaller than the second alignment component ORb of alignment OR1n.
• the second orientation component ORb of the orientation OR1n located on the vertical central portion 97 side of the lower opposing parallel portion 98 in Figure 6 does not have to be larger than the second orientation component ORb of the orientation ORm1 located on the first end face 93 side of the upper opposing parallel portion 98 in Figure 6.
• the relationship in which the second orientation component ORb gradually increases from the vertical center portion 97 toward the first end face 93 and the second end face 94 does not necessarily have to hold for the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S.
• the magnitude of the first orientation component ORa varies among the multiple orientations OR.
• the first orientation component ORa is larger on the first opposing surface 91 side than on the second opposing surface 92 side.
• the first orientation component ORa gradually increases from the second opposing surface 92 side toward the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the first alignment component ORa is larger on the first opposing surface 91 side than on the second opposing surface 92 side. Furthermore, in each of the multiple end surface parallel portions 99, the first alignment component ORa gradually increases from the second opposing surface 92 side toward the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the relationship in which the first orientation component ORa is larger on the first opposing surface 91 side than on the second opposing surface 92 side does not necessarily have to hold for the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S. Furthermore, the relationship in which the first orientation component ORa gradually increases from the second opposing surface 92 toward the first opposing surface 91 side does not necessarily have to hold for the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S.
• the first alignment component ORa is larger on the vertical center portion 97 side than on either the first end face 93 side or the second end face 94 side in the circumferential direction CD.
• the first alignment component ORa gradually increases from either the first end face 93 side or the second end face 94 side toward the vertical center portion 97 side.
• the orientation angle ⁇ of each of the multiple end face parallel portions 99 increases the closer the position is to the second opposing surface 92 in the radial direction RD. In other words, the orientation angle ⁇ increases the farther the position is from the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD.
• the orientation angle ⁇ 2n at the intermediate position is larger than the orientation angle ⁇ 1n on the first opposing surface 91 side, but smaller than the orientation angle ⁇ mn on the second opposing surface 92 side (see Figure 5).
• the relationship that the orientation angle ⁇ on the second opposing surface 92 side is larger than the orientation angle ⁇ on the first opposing surface 91 side does not necessarily have to hold for the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S.
• the relationship between the multiple end face parallel portions 99 does not necessarily have to hold that the orientation angle ⁇ on the second opposing surface 92 side is larger than the orientation angle ⁇ on the first opposing surface 91 side.
• the orientation angle ⁇ m1 on the second opposing surface 92 side of the third end face parallel portion 99 from the left in Figure 6 does not have to be larger than the orientation angle ⁇ 1n on the first opposing surface 91 side of the end face parallel portion 99 at the left end in Figure 6 (see Figure 5).
• the orientation angle ⁇ is larger on the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side than on the vertical central portion 97 side.
• the orientation angle ⁇ 1n on the first end face 93 side is larger than the orientation angle ⁇ 11 on the vertical central portion 97 side (see Figure 5).
• the orientation angle ⁇ in each of the multiple opposing parallel portions 98 increases the closer the portion is to the first end face 93 and the second end face 94 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the orientation angle ⁇ increases the farther the portion is from the vertical center portion 97 in the radial direction RD.
• the orientation angle ⁇ 12 at the intermediate position is greater than the orientation angle ⁇ 11 on the vertical center portion 97 side, but is smaller than the orientation angle ⁇ 1n on the first end face 93 side.
• the relationship in which the orientation angle ⁇ is larger on the end faces 93, 94 side than on the vertical central portion 97 side does not necessarily have to hold for each of the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S.
• the relationship between the multiple opposing parallel portions 98 does not necessarily have to hold such that the orientation angle ⁇ is larger on the end faces 93, 94 side than on the vertical central portion 97 side.
• the orientation angle ⁇ 1n on the vertical central portion 97 side of the lower opposing parallel portion 98 in Figure 6 does not have to be larger than the orientation angle ⁇ m1 on the first end face 93 side of the upper opposing parallel portion 98 in Figure 6 (see Figure 5).
• the relationship that the orientation angle ⁇ is larger the closer it is to the end faces 93, 94 in the circumferential direction CD does not necessarily have to hold for the entire N magnet 90N and the entire S magnet 90S.
• the reference for the orientation angle ⁇ is set separately on the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side of each of the north magnet 90N and south magnet 90S via the vertical center portion 97 so that the orientation angle ⁇ is within the range of 0° to 90°.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is set from 0° to 90° counterclockwise, with 0° as the reference, corresponding to the orientation OR being tilted toward the second end face 94 with respect to the first reference line Lr1.
• the reference state for the orientation angle ⁇ is when the orientation OR overlaps the first reference line Lr1 and faces the first opposing surface 91.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is set from 0° to 90° clockwise, with 0° as the reference, corresponding to tilting the orientation OR toward the vertical center portion 97 with respect to the first reference line Lr1.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is set from 0° to 90° counterclockwise, with 0° as the reference, corresponding to tilting the orientation OR toward the vertical center portion 97 with respect to the first reference line Lr1.
• the orientation angle ⁇ between the vertical center portion 97 and the first end face 93 of the N magnet 90N is set in the range of 270° to 360°.
• the orientation angle ⁇ of 360° to 270° between the vertical center portion 97 and the first end face 93 of the N magnet 90N corresponds to the orientation angle ⁇ of 0° to 90° in this embodiment.
• the orientation angle ⁇ of 0° to 90° between the vertical center portion 97 and the second end face 94 of the N magnet 90N is set in the range of 0° to 90°.
• the orientation angle ⁇ of 0° to 90° between the vertical center portion 97 and the second end face 94 of the N magnet 90N corresponds to the orientation angle ⁇ of 0° to 90° in this embodiment.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is set in the range of 90° to 180° between the vertical center portion 97 and the first end face 93. With this setting, the orientation angle ⁇ of 180° to 90° between the vertical center portion 97 and the first end face 93 of the S magnet 90S corresponds to the orientation angle ⁇ of 0° to 90° in this embodiment.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is set in the range of 180° to 270° between the vertical center portion 97 and the second end face 94 of the S magnet 90S. With this setting, the orientation angle ⁇ of 180° to 270° between the vertical center portion 97 and the second end face 94 of the S magnet 90S corresponds to the orientation angle ⁇ of 0° to 90° in this embodiment.
• An operator can measure the orientation of a motor magnet by using a measuring device, for example. For example, an operator removes at least a portion of the motor magnet from the motor as the measurement object and measures the orientation of that measurement object. The orientation measured by the measuring device is displayed on the display screen of the measuring device, with only multiple positions on the motor magnet sampled.
• the orientation faces one side of the radial direction RD due to parallel orientation.
• the orientation OR has the same direction.
• the magnitude of the second orientation component ORb is the same for all orientations OR.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is the same for all orientations OR.
• a gradually changing orientation is used for the magnet 90, which allows the effective magnetic flux to be increased without increasing the magnet thickness or back core.
• the orientation OR gradually changes from one side to the other in each of the two directions, the radial direction RD and the circumferential direction CD.
• the amount of change in orientation angle ⁇ from the first opposing surface 91 toward the second opposing surface 92 is greater than the amount of change determined by the arc of the concentric circles resulting from polar anisotropic orientation. Furthermore, the amount of change in orientation angle ⁇ from the vertical center portion 97 toward the first end surface 93 or the second end surface 94 is greater than the amount of change determined by the arc of the concentric circles resulting from polar anisotropic orientation.
• motor 10 employing gradual orientation can reduce the thickness of magnet 90 and back core compared to motors employing polar anisotropic orientation. Therefore, motor 10 can maximize the concentration of interlinkage magnetic flux while minimizing the thickness of magnet 90 and back core.
• motor 10 can achieve high torque generation efficiency relative to the amount of material used. In other words, motor 10 can suppress magnetic saturation even with a thin back core, so it is expected to achieve the desired motor torque while minimizing the amount of magnet and core used.
• the torque generation efficiency relative to the amount of material used includes the torque generation efficiency relative to the amount of magnet used and the torque generation efficiency relative to the amount of core used.
• the amount of magnet used is, for example, the amount of magnetic powder that forms the magnet annular portion 70 and magnet 90.
• the amount of core used is the amount of soft magnetic material that forms the back core of the magnet support portion 51.
• the amount of material used includes the volume and weight of the material.
• the amount of magnet used is the volume and weight of the magnetic powder.
• the amount of core used is the volume and weight of the soft magnetic material.
• the formation of a magnetic path on the second opposing surface 92 side of the magnet 90 is suppressed.
• an increase in magnetic flux MF on the second opposing surface 92 side of the magnet 90 is suppressed.
• an increase in magnetic flux is suppressed in areas (specific areas) where the magnet support portion 51 is required.
• the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD is bent toward the circumferential direction CD, making it easier for it to pass through the first end surface 93 and the second end surface 94 in the circumferential direction CD. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD from leaking from the second opposing surface 92 to the outside of the magnet 90.
• the first orientation component ORa is smaller on the first end face 93 side and the second end face 94 side than on the vertical center portion 97 side in the circumferential direction CD.
• the first orientation component ORa is smaller on the second opposing surface 92 side than on the first opposing surface 91 side in the radial direction RD. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the magnetic flux MF passing through the second opposing surface 92 in the radial direction RD toward the side opposite the stator 30.
• the second orientation component ORb gradually increases in the circumferential direction CD from the vertical center portion 97 toward the first end face 93 and the second end face 94.
• the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD tends to bend toward the circumferential direction CD gradually increasing from the vertical center portion 97 toward the first end face 93 and the second end face 94.
• the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD tends to concentrate even more easily toward the vertical center portion 97.
• the second orientation component ORb gradually increases in the radial direction RD from the first opposing surface 91 toward the second opposing surface 92.
• the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD tends to bend toward the circumferential direction CD gradually increasing from the first opposing surface 91 toward the second opposing surface 92.
• the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD is more likely to bend toward the circumferential direction CD, making it easier for it to pass through the first end surface 93 and the second end surface 94.
• the first orientation component ORa gradually decreases in the circumferential direction CD from the vertical center portion 97 toward the first end face 93 and the second end face 94.
• the flow of magnetic flux MF in the radial direction RD gradually increases from the first end face 93 or the second end face 94 toward the vertical center portion 97.
• the magnetic flux MF passing through the first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD is more likely to concentrate toward the vertical center portion 97.
• N magnet 90N has a first orientation component ORa that flows from second opposing surface 92 to first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD.
• first orientation component ORa that flows from second opposing surface 92 to first opposing surface 91 in the radial direction RD.
• magnetic flux MF flowing in the circumferential direction CD from S magnet 90S etc. toward end faces 93, 94 is more likely to bend toward the radial direction RD so as to flow toward first opposing surface 91 the closer it is to the first opposing surface 91 on end faces 93, 94.
• magnetic flux MF that has passed through first end face 93 or second end face 94 in the circumferential direction CD is more likely to bend toward the radial direction RD the closer it is to the vertical center portion 97.
• the N magnets 90N and S magnets 90S are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction CD. Therefore, the magnetic flux MF flowing in the radial direction RD from the stator 30 toward the S magnet 90S is bent at the S magnet 90S to flow from the first opposing surface 91 toward 93, 94, making it easier to flow in the circumferential direction CD toward the N magnet 90N. Furthermore, the magnetic flux MF flowing from the S magnet 90S to the N magnet 90N is bent at the N magnet 90N to flow from the end faces 93, 94 toward the first opposing surface 91, making it easier to pass through the first opposing surface 91 and flow in the radial direction RD toward the stator 30. Therefore, the N magnet 90N and S magnet 90S can prevent the magnetic flux MF from leaking from the second opposing surface 92 to the opposite side of the stator 30 in the radial direction RD.
• the second opposing surfaces 92 of the N magnet 90N and S magnet 90S face the magnet support portion 51, and the S magnet 90S and N magnet 90N are each mounted on the magnet support portion 51.
• This configuration prevents the magnet support portion 51 from becoming magnetically saturated by the magnetic flux MF emitted from the second opposing surfaces 92 of the magnets 90N and 90S.
• an increase in the radial thickness RD of the magnet support portion 51 is prevented.
• the first magnetic flux MF1 flows from the inside of the S magnet 90S to the inside of the N magnet 90N in a magnetic path that passes only through the S magnet 90S, the N magnet 90N, and any intervening objects between the N magnet 90N and the S magnet 90S, without passing through any parts other than the magnet annular portion 70, such as the magnet support portion 51.
• the first magnetic flux MF1 passes through a magnetic path that is completed only within the magnet annular portion 70 (a completed magnetic path).
• the second magnetic flux MF2 passes through a back-core magnetic path from the magnets 90N, 90S via the magnet support portion 51 (back core).
• the second magnetic flux MF2 flows from the N magnet 90N, via the magnet support portion 51, returning to the S magnet 90S. Therefore, in the rotor 40, the magnetic path through which the magnetic flux MF passes is a mixture of completed magnetic paths and back-core magnetic paths.
• the amount of second magnetic flux MF2 passing through the magnet support portion 51 is reduced, making it less likely that magnetic saturation will occur in the magnet support portion 51. Therefore, in the rotor 40, even if the magnet support portion 51 is made thinner in the radial direction RD, magnetic saturation in the magnet support portion 51 can be suppressed. In the magnet support portion 51, magnetic saturation occurs when the amount of magnetic flux MF passing through the magnet support portion 51 reaches the upper limit value of the magnet support portion 51.
• the rotor 40 which has the magnets 90, is aligned in the radial direction RD with the stator 30, which is excited by the passage of current, and moves relative to the stator 30 in the circumferential direction CD. Therefore, the magnetic flux MF generated when current is passed through the stator 30 flows in the radial direction RD, spanning the stator 30 and the rotor 40.
• leakage from the second opposing surface 92 of the magnets 90 is reduced, preventing the magnetic flux MF from leaking from the magnet support portion 51 to the side opposite the stator 30 in the rotor 40. This prevents the magnetic field generated by the motor 10 from being weakened by leakage flux from the magnet support portion 51. Therefore, by increasing the torque generation rate relative to the amount of magnet used, it is possible to achieve both improved output and a more compact motor 10.
• the second orientation component ORb is larger on the end faces 93, 94 side than on the vertical center portion 97 side.
• the magnet 90 is provided in a radial motor.
• the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 are aligned in the radial direction RD, which is perpendicular to the shaft 12.
• the first end surface 93 and the second end surface 94 are aligned in the circumferential direction CD around the shaft 12.
• one magnet 90 may be divided into multiple pieces.
• the configuration, operation, and effects not specifically described in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
• the second embodiment will be described mainly focusing on the differences from the first embodiment.
• the other embodiments will also be described mainly focusing on the differences from the previously described embodiments.
• the magnet 90 has a plurality of magnet pieces 60.
• one magnet 90 has two magnet pieces 60.
• the two magnet pieces 60 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD.
• a plurality of magnet pieces 60 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD, thereby realizing a configuration in which a plurality of magnets 90 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD.
• the magnet pieces 60 are magnetic members formed from a magnetic material or the like.
• One magnet piece 60 is formed from one magnetic member.
• the S magnet 90S has a first magnet piece 60S1 and a second magnet piece 60S2.
• the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 are magnet pieces 60.
• the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD.
• the boundary between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 extends in the radial direction RD so as to span the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 of the S magnet 90S.
• the boundary between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 coincides with the vertical center portion 97 of the S magnet 90S.
• the vertical center portion 97 shown in the first embodiment is a line and is located exactly in the middle between the first end face 93 of the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second end face 94 of the second magnet piece 60S2 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD, the boundary between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 and the vertical center portion 97 will be offset in the circumferential direction CD.
• the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 are separated by a vertical center portion 97.
• the first end face 93 is formed by the first magnet piece 60S1.
• the first magnet piece 60S1 has the first end face 93.
• the second end face 94 is formed by the second magnet piece 60S2.
• the second magnet piece 60S2 has the second end face 94.
• the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60N2 are separated by a vertical center portion 97.
• the first end face 93 is formed by the first magnet piece 60N1.
• the first magnet piece 60N1 has the first end face 93.
• the second end face 94 is formed by the second magnet piece 60N2.
• the second magnet piece 60N2 has the second end face 94.
• the magnet ring portion 70 is formed from a single magnet member. This magnet member has the same shape and size as the magnet ring portion 70. In other words, the magnet ring portion 70 has one ring-shaped magnet member. In this embodiment, the orientation of the magnet ring portion 70 is the same as the orientation of the magnet ring portion 70 in the first embodiment.
• the magnet ring portion 70 has an N magnet region 101N and an S magnet region 101S.
• N magnet region 101N corresponds to N magnet 90N of the first embodiment in magnet ring portion 70.
• the orientation in N magnet region 101N is the same as the orientation in N magnet 90N of the first embodiment.
• S magnet region 101S corresponds to S magnet 90S of the first embodiment.
• the orientation in S magnet region 101S is the same as the orientation in S magnet 90S of the first embodiment.
• N magnet region 101N is sometimes referred to as the N magnet portion, and S magnet region 101S is sometimes referred to as the S magnet portion.
• the N magnet region 101N is a region in the magnet annular portion 70 that includes the N pole center portion 75.
• the N magnet region 101N is a region between two inter-pole portions 77 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction CD via the N pole center portion 75 in the magnet annular portion 70.
• the N magnet region 101N extends in the circumferential direction CD so as to span between two inter-pole portions 77 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction CD via the N pole center portion 75.
• the N magnet regions 101N and S magnet regions 101S are arranged alternately one by one in the circumferential direction CD, similar to the N magnets 90N and S magnets 90S in the first embodiment.
• the N magnet regions 101N and S magnet regions 101S correspond to motor magnets.
• the S magnet region 101S corresponds to the first motor magnet, and the N magnet region 101N corresponds to the second motor magnet.
• the orientation of the N magnet region 101N and the orientation of the S magnet region 101S can achieve the same effects as those achieved by the orientation of the N magnets 90N and the S magnets 90S in the first embodiment.
• the magnet ring portion 70 which is a single magnet member, is fitted onto the magnet support portion 51. Therefore, compared to a configuration in which multiple magnet members are each fixed to the magnet support portion 51, the magnet ring portion 70 is more likely to remain fixed to the magnet support portion 51. For example, it is less likely that a portion of the magnet ring portion 70 will detach from the magnet support portion 51.
• the magnet ring portion 70 is formed from a single magnet member, there is no need to provide a gap or adhesive between the N magnet region 101N and the S magnet region 101S. As a result, the magnetic flux MF passing through the boundary between the N magnet region 101N and the S magnet region 101S does not need to pass through a gap or adhesive. This prevents the magnetic flux MF from passing through a gap or adhesive, thereby preventing the magnetic force in the magnet ring portion 70 from weakening.
• the magnet ring portion 70 may have multiple annular magnet members.
• the magnet ring portion 70 may have multiple annular magnet members arranged in the radial direction RD or the axial direction AD. Even in this configuration, it is sufficient that the orientation in the magnet ring portion 70 is the same as the orientation in the magnet ring portion 70 of the first embodiment.
• the magnet 90 is formed from a single magnet member. As shown in Figures 15 to 17, in a portion of the magnet 90, the orientation OR is not inclined toward the circumferential direction CD with respect to the radial direction RD. In the magnet 90, some of the orientations OR among the multiple orientations OR are not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD.
• the orientation OR that is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD has a first orientation component ORa, but does not have a second orientation component ORb.
• the orientation angle ⁇ of the orientation OR that is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD is 0°.
• the orientation of the orientation OR that is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD is parallel to the first reference line Lr1.
• the orientation OR is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD in at least a portion of the longitudinal center portion 97.
• the orientation OR is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD in the entire end face parallel portion 99 closest to the longitudinal center portion 97.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is equal between the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 near the magnetic pole center of the magnet annular portion 70.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is, for example, 0° near the magnetic pole center.
• the magnet 90 may have two magnet pieces 60.
• an S magnet 90S having a first magnet piece 60S1 and a second magnet piece 60S2
• the end surface parallel portion 99 closest to the vertical center portion 97 is included in the parallel orientation region.
• the end surface parallel portion 99 closest to the vertical center portion 97 is included in the parallel orientation region.
• the end surface parallel portion 99 closest to the vertical center portion 97 is included in the parallel orientation region.
• the end surface parallel portion 99 closest to the vertical center portion 97 is included in the parallel orientation region.
• the orientation OR may be perpendicular to the radial direction RD in at least a portion of the magnet 90 .
• the orientation OR is perpendicular to the radial direction RD.
• some of the multiple orientations OR are perpendicular to the radial direction RD.
• the orientations OR that are perpendicular to the radial direction RD have a second orientation component ORb, but do not have a first orientation component ORa.
• the orientation angle ⁇ of the orientation OR that is perpendicular to the radial direction RD is 90°.
• the direction of the orientation OR that is perpendicular to the radial direction RD is parallel to the second reference line Lr2.
• the orientation OR is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD in at least a portion of the magnet 90.
• the orientation OR is not inclined with respect to the radial direction RD over the entire end face parallel portion 99 closest to the vertical center portion 97.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is equal between the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 near the magnetic pole end of the magnet annular portion 70.
• the orientation angle ⁇ is, for example, 90° near the magnetic pole end.
• the ratio of areas containing only one of the first and second orientation components to areas containing both the first and second orientation components can be changed. This makes it easier to create a design that optimizes the torque generation rate relative to the amount of magnet used. Design guidelines include reducing the amount of magnet used. Furthermore, depending on the combination of the motor's number of poles and slots, it is possible to expect further improvements in torque generation efficiency relative to the amount of magnet used.
• one magnet 90 is formed by a plurality of magnet pieces 60.
• the south magnet 90S has a first magnet piece 60S1 and a second magnet piece 60S2
• the north magnet 90N has a first magnet piece 60N1 and a second magnet piece 60N2.
• the magnet 90 includes three or more magnet pieces 60.
• the multiple magnet pieces 60 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD and radial direction RD on the magnet ring portion 70 and magnet 90.
• a first joint 81 and a second joint 82 are formed on the magnet ring portion 70 and magnet 90.
• the joints 81 and 82 include the joining surfaces of the magnet pieces 60.
• Two adjacent magnet pieces 60 are joined at the joints 81 and 82 with an adhesive or the like.
• the joints 81 and 82 include the boundary between the magnet pieces 60.
• the first joint 81 includes the boundary between two magnet pieces 60 adjacent in the circumferential direction CD.
• the first joint 81 extends in the radial direction RD.
• the second joint 82 includes the boundary between two magnet pieces 60 adjacent in the radial direction RD.
• the second joint 82 extends in the circumferential direction CD.
• the magnet pieces 60 are anisotropic magnets.
• the orientation OR is the same for each magnet piece 60.
• the entire magnet piece 60 is a region of parallel orientation.
• Magnet pieces 60 are sometimes referred to as parallel orientation magnets.
• magnet 90 multiple magnet pieces 60 are arranged side by side, so the orientation OR changes gradually in the radial direction RD and the circumferential direction CD.
• the orientation OR of two adjacent magnet pieces 60 in the radial direction RD and the circumferential direction CD is different from each other.
• a gradually varying orientation region is formed by combining magnet pieces 60, which are relatively easy to manufacture, such as parallel-oriented magnets.
• magnet pieces 60 which are relatively easy to manufacture, such as parallel-oriented magnets.
• a gradually varying orientation magnet is easily produced in a configuration in which multiple parallel-oriented magnets are used to form a gradually varying orientation magnet. This allows for simplification of the manufacturing equipment required to produce gradually varying orientation magnets, such as magnet 90.
• a collection of parallel-oriented magnets allows for a simple approximation of gradually varying orientation to be achieved.
• multiple magnet pieces 60 are arranged so that they are linearly symmetrical with respect to the vertical center portion 97 between the portion on the first end face 93 side and the portion on the second end face 94 side.
• the magnet 90 includes multiple magnet pieces 60 that differ in shape and size from one another. For example, two magnet pieces 60 adjacent in the circumferential direction CD or the radial direction RD have different shapes and sizes from one another.
• multiple second joints 82 extending in the circumferential direction CD are arranged in the radial direction RD.
• the multiple magnet pieces 60 are arranged so that the multiple second joints 82 arranged in the radial direction RD are not parallel to each other.
• One of the multiple second joints 82 arranged in the radial direction RD is inclined toward the radial direction RD relative to the others. As a result, the multiple second joints 82 are not concentric.
• the multiple magnet pieces 60 are arranged so that the multiple second joints 82 are not arranged concentrically, and the multiple first joints 81 are not arranged radially. Therefore, in a configuration in which an approximate gradually changing orientation is formed using multiple magnet pieces 60 that are parallel magnets, the magnetic flux MF generated by the multiple magnet pieces 60 tends to connect smoothly. This makes it easier to ensure appropriate torque generation efficiency for the magnet pieces 60. Furthermore, the smooth connection of the magnetic flux MF can also be expected to have the effect of suppressing torque ripple.
• the size and shape of the magnet pieces 60 may be the same for multiple magnet pieces 60.
• the multiple magnet pieces 60 may be arranged so that the multiple second joints 82 are arranged concentrically.
• the multiple magnet pieces 60 may be arranged so that the multiple first joints 81 are arranged radially.
• an end rib 55 is provided between the north magnet 90N and the south magnet 90S.
• the end ribs 55 are provided on the outer periphery of the magnet support portion 51.
• the end ribs 55 are connected to the magnet support portion 51.
• the end ribs 55 extend from the magnet support portion 51 toward the stator 30.
• the end ribs 55 have a protruding shape that protrudes from the magnet support portion 51 toward the stator 30.
• the end ribs 55 are included in the rotor core 50.
• the magnet support portion 51 and the end ribs 55 are integrally molded.
• the end ribs 55 and the magnet support portion 51 may be connected by welding or the like.
• the end ribs 55 are joined to the magnet 90 with an adhesive or the like.
• the end ribs 55 position the magnet 90 at least in the circumferential direction CD.
• the end ribs 55 are made of a soft magnetic material.
• the end ribs 55 are soft magnetic bodies.
• the end ribs 55 are capable of forming a magnetic path through which magnetic flux passes. In other words, the end ribs 55 are included in the magnetic circuit.
• the end ribs 55 have the property of allowing magnetic flux to pass through.
• the end ribs 55 form a core together with the magnet support portion 51.
• the end ribs 55 are sometimes called yokes or yokes.
• the end spacer 56 does not have to be a soft magnetic material.
• the end spacer 56 may be a magnetic member made of a magnetic material or the like.
• the end spacer 56 may also be made of a resin material or the like.
• the end spacer 56 does not have to be provided between the north magnet 90N and the south magnet 90S.
• an end rib 55 may be provided between the north magnet 90N and the south magnet 90S to prevent a gap from forming.
• the central rib 57 is provided on the outer periphery of the magnet support portion 51.
• the central rib 57 is connected to the magnet support portion 51.
• the central rib 57 extends from the magnet support portion 51 toward the stator 30.
• the central rib 57 has a protruding shape that protrudes from the magnet support portion 51 toward the stator 30.
• the central rib 57 is included in the rotor core 50.
• the magnet support portion 51 and the central rib 57 are integrally molded.
• the central rib 57 and the magnet support portion 51 may be connected by welding or the like.
• the central rib 57 is joined to the magnet 90 with an adhesive or the like.
• the central rib 57 positions the magnet 90 at least in the circumferential direction CD.
• the central rib 57 is made of a soft magnetic material.
• the central rib 57 is a soft magnetic body.
• the central rib 57 is capable of forming a magnetic path through which magnetic flux passes. In other words, the central rib 57 is included in the magnetic circuit.
• the central rib 57 has the property of passing magnetic flux.
• the central rib 57 forms a core together with the magnet support portion 51.
• the central rib 57 is sometimes called a yoke or a yoke.
• the motor 10 has a central spacer 58.
• the central spacer 58 is included in the rotor 40.
• a plurality of central spacers 58 are arranged in the circumferential direction CD.
• the central spacer 58 is provided between the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60N2.
• the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60N2 are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD with the central spacer 58 interposed therebetween.
• the central spacer 58 is provided between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2.
• the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD with the central spacer 58 interposed therebetween.
• Between two central spacers 58 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD one of the combinations of the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60S2 and the combination of the second magnet piece 60N2 and the first magnet piece 60S1 is inserted.
• the central spacer 58 is provided on the outer periphery of the magnet support portion 51.
• the central spacer 58 is provided on the outer periphery of the central rib 57.
• the central spacer 58 and the central rib 57 are aligned in the radial direction RD.
• the central spacer 58 is joined to the central rib 57 and the magnet 90 with an adhesive or the like.
• the multiple central spacers 58 include a central spacer 58 fitted between the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60N2, and a central spacer 58 fitted between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2.
• the length of the central spacer 58 is greater than the length of the central rib 57. Note that the length of the central spacer 58 may be smaller than the length of the central rib 57 or may be the same as the length of the central rib 57.
• the central spacer 58 is made of a metal material or the like.
• the central spacer 58 is made of a soft magnetic material.
• the central spacer 58 is a soft magnetic body.
• the central spacer 58 has the property of allowing magnetic flux to pass through.
• the central spacer 58 is sometimes called a yoke or a yoke.
• the central spacer 58 does not have to be a soft magnetic material.
• the central spacer 58 may be a magnetic member made of a magnetic material or the like.
• the central spacer 58 may also be made of a resin material or the like.
• the central spacer 58 does not have to be provided between the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60N2, or between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2.
• the central rib 57 may be provided between the first magnet piece 60N1 and the second magnet piece 60N2, or between the first magnet piece 60S1 and the second magnet piece 60S2, so as to prevent a gap from being formed.
• a central rib 57 and a central spacer 58 are provided at the N pole center 75.
• a central rib 57 and a central spacer 58 are provided at the S pole center 76. Note that the central rib 57 and the central spacer 58 only need to be provided on at least one of the N magnet 90N and the S magnet 90S.
• the central rib 57 provided on the vertical center portion 97 side of at least one of the N magnet 90N and the S magnet 90S contains a soft magnetic material.
• the amount of magnets used in the rotor 40 can be reduced by the amount of central rib 57 located on the vertical center portion 97 side of the N magnet 90N or the vertical center portion 97 side of the S magnet 90S.
• the magnet support portion 51 and the central rib 57 are connected.
• the central rib 57 can position the magnet 90 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the central rib 57 also prevents the magnet 90 from displacing relative to the magnet support portion 51 in the circumferential direction CD. In this way, the central rib 57 can hold the magnet 90 in the appropriate position.
• the magnet 90 may be formed from a single magnet member.
• the central rib 57 and central spacer 58 may be embedded in the single magnet member.
• the central rib 57 may be provided in a rib recess formed in the magnet member.
• the outer peripheral edge of the magnet annular portion 70 is formed in a circular shape in a plan view.
• the outer peripheral edge of the magnet annular portion 70 is formed in a polygonal shape in a plan view.
• the south magnet 90S has a first magnet piece 60S1 and a second magnet piece 60S2
• the north magnet 90N has a first magnet piece 60N1 and a second magnet piece 60N2.
• the outer peripheral end of the magnet annular portion 70 is polygonal in plan view, meaning that the outer peripheral end and inner peripheral end are not concentric.
• the outer peripheral end of the magnet annular portion 70 is polygonal in plan view, with multiple linearly extending straight portions arranged in the circumferential direction CD.
• multiple polygonal corners are arranged in the circumferential direction CD.
• a corner is formed by two adjacent straight portions in the circumferential direction CD. The corner forms the vertex of a polygon. Corners are provided at the south pole center 76, the north pole center 75, and the inter-pole portion 77.
• corners are provided at the boundary between two magnets 90 adjacent in the circumferential direction CD, or the boundary between two magnet pieces 60 adjacent in the circumferential direction CD.
• the corners protrude toward the side opposite the inner peripheral end.
• the straight portions are formed by the first opposing surfaces 91.
• the first opposing surfaces 91 In the magnet 90, at least a portion of the first opposing surfaces 91 is a flat surface.
• multiple flat surfaces are arranged in the circumferential direction CD, thereby forming multiple straight portions arranged in the circumferential direction CD in the magnet annular portion 70.
• the flat surfaces formed in the first opposing surfaces 91 extend flatly in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction RD.
• the polygonal outer edge is shaped and sized to be inscribed within the circular outer edge of the first embodiment. Therefore, in this embodiment, the polygonal outer edge is located partially inside the circular outer edge, making the volume of the magnet ring portion 70 smaller than in the first embodiment. In the magnet ring portion 70 of this embodiment, the area between the polygonal outer edge and the circular outer edge is scraped away to create a small area, thereby suppressing fluctuations in motor torque due to ripples, etc. This, among other things, increases the torque generation efficiency relative to the amount of magnet used. Furthermore, in the magnet ring portion 70, the orientation OR and the shape of the outer edge in plan view are set to suppress ripples in the motor torque.
• the magnet ring portion 70 may be of any shape or size as long as the outer peripheral edge is formed in a polygonal shape.
• the polygonal corners at the outer peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70 may be provided between the pole centers 75, 76 and the inter-pole portion 77.
• one or more polygonal corners at the outer peripheral edge of the magnet ring portion 70 may be provided for one magnet 90, or one corner may be provided for multiple magnets 90.
• the magnet annular portion 70 has an outer peripheral recess 71a.
• the outer peripheral recess 71a is provided on the annular outer surface 71.
• the outer peripheral recess 71a is formed by recessing a portion of the annular outer surface 71 toward the annular inner peripheral surface 72.
• the inner peripheral end of the magnet annular portion 70 is polygonal in plan view, so the outer peripheral end and inner peripheral end are not concentric.
• the inner peripheral end of the magnet annular portion 70 is polygonal in plan view, with multiple linearly extending straight portions lined up in the circumferential direction CD.
• the corners of the polygon form the vertices of the polygon, as in the ninth embodiment, and are provided at the south pole center 76, north pole center 75, and inter-pole portion 77. However, at the inner peripheral end of the magnet annular portion 70, the corners are recessed toward the outer periphery.
• the corners of the magnet ring portion 70 and the magnet support portion 51 are provided at the boundary between two adjacent magnet pieces 60 in the circumferential direction CD.
• the corners of the magnet ring portion 70 and the magnet support portion 51 are provided at the south pole center portion 76, the north pole center portion 75, and the inter-pole portion 77, respectively.
• the corners of the magnet ring portion 70 and the magnet support portion 51 are provided at the first end face 93, the second end face 94, and the vertical center portion 97 of the magnet 90, respectively.
• the straight line portions of the polygon span between the end faces 93, 94 and the vertical center portion 97.
• both the inner peripheral end of the magnet annular portion 70 and the outer peripheral end of the magnet support portion 51 are formed in a polygonal shape.
• the annular inner peripheral surface 72 of the magnet annular portion 70 and the outer peripheral surface 51a of the magnet support portion 51 can be brought into contact with each other at their flat surfaces.
• the outer peripheral surface 51a of the magnet support portion 51 can be brought into contact with each of the multiple magnet pieces 60 individually at their flat surfaces.
• the linear portions of the polygon in the magnet annular portion 70 and the magnet support portion 51 are bridged between the end faces 93, 94 and the vertical center portion 97.
• the linear portions of the polygon in the magnet annular portion 70 and the magnet support portion 51 are bridged between the first end face 93 and the second end face 94.
• the magnet 90 serving as a motor magnet may have any shape.
• the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 do not have to extend in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction RD.
• the first opposing surface 91 and the second opposing surface 92 may be inclined with respect to the radial direction RD so as to face one side in the circumferential direction CD or one side in the axial direction AD.
• the first end surface 93 and the second end surface 94 do not have to extend in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction CD.
• motor magnets such as magnet 90 may be provided in the stator, rotor, or mover, regardless of the type of motor, as long as they are included in the motor's field magnet.
• the first direction and the second direction do not have to be orthogonal as long as they intersect with each other.
• the radial direction RD which is the first direction
• the circumferential direction CD which is the second direction
• the radial direction RD or Y direction which is the first direction
• the axial direction AD or X direction which is the second direction
• the magnetic powder and other materials contained in motor magnets such as magnet 90 can be appropriately selected as long as they satisfy the performance of the motor magnet.
• the motor magnet will have characteristics that arise from the combination of the magnetic powder and other materials selected. A motor magnet with such characteristics is used in a motor. Note that materials other than the magnetic powder do not necessarily need to be included in the motor magnet.
• Motor magnets containing magnetic powder with the above-mentioned properties are expected to generally possess the properties of such magnetic powder.
• motor magnets containing such magnetic powder are expected to possess properties such as small size and light weight, ease of modification, easy material procurement, high recycling efficiency, high heat resistance, and radiation resistance.
• Such motor magnets can be widely adopted in motors in general.
• such motor magnets can also be adopted in motors in certain small-scale technical fields where these properties are required.
• the motor magnets used in motors are required to produce an output appropriate for their application.
• the magnetic powder contained in the motor magnet can be any magnetic powder expected to produce an output appropriate for the application.
• Magnets include ceramic magnets such as ferrite magnets, metal magnets such as rare earth magnets and ordered alloy magnets, and bonded magnets such as rubber magnets and plastic magnets.
• Ferrites include hexagonal ferrites such as barium ferrite and strontium ferrite, and spinel ferrites such as cobalt ferrite.
• Rare earths include R-T systems such as Sm-Co, R-T-B systems such as Nd-Fe-B, and R-T-N systems such as Sm-Fe-N.
• Ordered alloys include L10-FePt, L10-FeNi, and ⁇ -MnAl.
• Other metallic materials for metal magnets include spinodal decomposition systems such as alnico and Fe-Cr-Co, and Fe16N2. Note that the R above stands for Rare earth, and includes Nd, Sm, Dy, etc. T stands for Transition metal, and includes Fe, Co, Ni, etc.
• motor magnets can be used for consumer, commercial, industrial, medical, and other purposes.
• motors can be used in mobility products that move people and objects, robotic products involved in the production and control of objects, and equipment that generates energy such as electricity.
• motor magnets can be widely and generally applied to any equipment that includes a motor.
• Vehicles include manned and unmanned automobiles. Specifically for transporting goods, vehicles include manned and unmanned guided vehicles. Unmanned guided vehicles are sometimes called AGVs. AGV is an abbreviation for Automated Guided Vehicle. Aircraft include manned and unmanned aircraft. Unmanned aircraft are sometimes called UAVs. UAV is an abbreviation for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Specifically for transporting goods, ships include manned and unmanned ships. Submarines and submarines include manned and unmanned submersibles. Spacecraft include manned and unmanned spacecraft. Manned spacecraft are sometimes called spaceships.
• These means of transportation including manned and unmanned aircraft, are powered by various energy sources, such as thermal energy, electrical energy, light energy, renewable energy, chemical energy, and nuclear energy.
• various energy sources such as thermal energy, electrical energy, light energy, renewable energy, chemical energy, and nuclear energy.
• One or a combination of these various energy sources is used as the power source for the means of transportation.
• a facility that generates energy is a power plant.
• a power plant is a facility that produces electrical energy using energy sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, biomass, nuclear power, wind power, hydroelectric power, geothermal power, solar power, and chemical reactions.
• the motor magnet is a first surface (91) and a second surface (92) aligned in a first direction (RD; AD; RD); a first end (93) and a second end (94) aligned in a second direction (CD; CD; AD) intersecting the first direction; a plurality of orientations (OR) distributed between the first surface and the second surface and between the first end and the second end; At least some of the plurality of orientations have a first orientation component (ORa) along the first direction and a second orientation component (ORb) along the second direction, the first orientation component is oriented from one of the first surface and the second surface to the other in the first direction, is smaller on the second surface side than on the first surface side in the first direction, and is smaller on the first end side and the second end side than on a central portion (97) between the first end and the second end side in the second direction, the second orientation component is larger on the second surface side than on the
• the motor magnets include a first motor magnet (90S) having a plurality of orientations with the first orientation component directed from the first surface to the second surface in the first direction, and a second motor magnet (90N) having a plurality of orientations with the first orientation component directed from the second surface to the first surface in the first direction, a plurality of the first motor magnets and a plurality of the second motor magnets;
• a protrusion (57) provided on the central portion side of at least one of the first motor magnet and the second motor magnet, the protrusions include a soft magnetic material;
• the motor component according to any one of Technical Ideas 8 to 10, wherein the protrusion is connected to the support.
• the first direction is a direction (RD) perpendicular to the linear motion axis (212) on which the field element is provided,
• the motor according to Technical Idea 12 wherein the second direction is an axial direction (AD) along the linear motion axis.

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• 2024
  • 2024-03-29 JP JP2024055134A patent/JP2025152944A/ja active Pending
• 2025
  • 2025-03-06 WO PCT/JP2025/008083 patent/WO2025204661A1/ja active Pending

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