Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/48—Polyethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
  • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to urethane prepolymers, polyurethane resin raw materials, composite materials, and methods for producing composite materials.
• composite materials have been known that combine an adhesive that is a mixture of a first agent containing a polyol and a second agent containing an isocyanate compound with an inorganic material and/or a lignocellulosic material (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).
• the object of the present invention is to provide a urethane prepolymer that can improve the water resistance of a composite material even when the moisture content of lignocellulose is high, a polyurethane resin raw material, a composite material with excellent water resistance, and a method for manufacturing a composite material with excellent water resistance even when the moisture content of lignocellulose is high.
• the present invention [1] is a urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group and a hydrophilic group, the urethane prepolymer being a reaction product of a polyisocyanate component, a macropolyol component, and a compound component containing a hydrophilic group, the polyisocyanate component containing an aromatic polyisocyanate, the aromatic polyisocyanate containing at least one selected from the group consisting of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, the macropolyol component containing a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of 400 or more and 10,000 or less, and the compound component containing a hydrophilic group containing a hydrophilic group and an active hydrogen group having an oxygen atom.
• the present invention [2] includes the urethane prepolymer of [1] above, in which the content of oxyethylene units in the polyether polyol is 5.0 mass% or less relative to the total amount of oxyalkylene units in the polyether polyol.
• the present invention [3] includes the urethane prepolymer of [1] or [2] above, in which the compound containing the hydrophilic group and the active hydrogen group having an oxygen atom is an alkoxypolyethylene glycol, and the number average molecular weight of the compound containing the hydrophilic group and the active hydrogen group having an oxygen atom is 100 or more and 700 or less.
• the present invention [4] includes a polyurethane resin raw material that includes a urethane prepolymer component that includes any one of the urethane prepolymers [1] to [3] above, and a polyol component.
• the present invention [5] includes the polyurethane resin raw material of [4] above, in which the polyol component includes a first polyol and a second polyol, the first polyol is a polyol that does not contain nitrogen atoms, the average hydroxyl value of the first polyol is 200 mgKOH/g or more and 2,000 mgKOH/g or less, the number average molecular weight of the first polyol is 50 or more and 1,000 or less, the second polyol is a polyol that contains nitrogen atoms, the average hydroxyl value of the second polyol is 200 mgKOH/g or more and 2,000 mgKOH/g or less, and the number average molecular weight of the second polyol is 200 or more and 1,000 or less.
• the polyol component includes a first polyol and a second polyol
• the first polyol is a polyol that does not contain nitrogen atoms
• the average hydroxyl value of the first polyol is 200 mgKOH/g or
• the present invention [6] includes the polyurethane resin raw material of [4] or [5] above, in which the isocyanate group content of the urethane prepolymer is 10% by mass or more and further contains a catalyst.
• the present invention [7] includes any one of the polyurethane resin raw materials [4] to [6] above, which is for a composite material containing a lignocellulosic material and a polyurethane resin.
• the present invention [8] includes a composite material containing a lignocellulosic material and a polyurethane resin, the polyurethane resin being a reaction product of any one of the polyurethane resin raw materials [4] to [7] above.
• the present invention [9] includes a method for producing a composite material containing a lignocellulosic material and a polyurethane resin, the method including a mixing step of mixing a lignocellulosic material having a moisture content of 15% or more, any one of the polyurethane resin raw materials [4] to [7] above, and water to prepare a composite material composition, and a curing step of curing the composite material composition.
• the present invention [10] includes the method for producing a composite material according to the above [9], in which the curing step involves curing the composite material composition by press molding.
• the present invention [11] includes the method for producing a composite material according to the above [9] or [10], in which the blending ratio of the urethane prepolymer component per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material in the composite material composition is 5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less.
• the present invention [12] includes the method for producing a composite material according to any one of the above [9] to [11], in which the polyol component includes a first polyol and a second polyol, the first polyol is a polyol that does not contain nitrogen atoms, the average hydroxyl value of the first polyol is 200 mgKOH/g or more and 2,000 mgKOH/g or less, the number average molecular weight of the first polyol is 50 or more and 1,000 or less, the second polyol is a polyol that contains nitrogen atoms, the average hydroxyl value of the second polyol is 200 mgKOH/g or more and 2,000 mgKOH/g or less, the number average molecular weight of the second polyol is 200 or more and 1,000 or less, and in the composite material composition, the blending ratio of the second polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is 6 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less.
• the present invention includes the method for producing a composite material according to any one of the above [9] to [12], in which the isocyanate group content of the urethane prepolymer is 10% by mass or more, the composite material composition further contains a catalyst, and the blending ratio of the catalyst to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is 0.04 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less.
• the present invention provides a urethane prepolymer that can improve the water resistance of a composite material even when the moisture content of lignocellulose is high, a polyurethane resin raw material, a composite material with excellent water resistance, and a method for manufacturing a composite material with excellent water resistance even when the moisture content of lignocellulose is high.
• the upper limit value (an upper limit value expressed as “not less than” or “more than”) or the lower limit value (an upper limit value expressed as “not more than” or “less than”) described in a certain numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit value or lower limit value of another numerical range described in stages.
• the upper limit value or lower limit value described in a certain numerical range may be replaced with a value shown in the examples.
• the amount of each component in the composition means the total amount of those multiple substances present in the composition, unless otherwise specified.
• Urethane prepolymer has an isocyanate group and a hydrophilic group. This allows water to be added to the urethane prepolymer in advance to emulsify it when mixing the lignocellulose-based material described below with the first and second agents described below. This allows the viscosity of the mixture of the lignocellulose-based material described below with the first and second agents described below to be reduced, improving the moldability of the composite material and improving the water resistance of the composite material.
• the content of isocyanate groups in the urethane prepolymer is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving the water resistance of the composite material.
• the isocyanate group content is preferably 45% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, and even more preferably 35% by mass or less.
• the isocyanate group content is preferably 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less.
• the isocyanate group content is determined by titration with di-n-butylamine in accordance with the isocyanate group content test described in JIS K7301.
• the hydrophilic group is a substituent that does not react with an isocyanate group. From the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material with excellent water resistance, the hydrophilic group preferably contains a polyethylene glycol group, and more preferably is a polyethylene glycol group.
• the content of hydrophilic groups in the urethane prepolymer is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 0.8% by mass or more, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or more.
• the hydrophilic group content is preferably 8.0% by mass or less, more preferably 6.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 5.5% by mass or less.
• the hydrophilic group content is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or more and 6.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or more and 5.5% by mass or less.
• the hydrophilic group content is calculated from the amount of material added.
• the urethane prepolymer is a reaction product of a polyisocyanate component, a macropolyol component, and a compound component containing a hydrophilic group.
• the amount of urethane bonds in the urethane prepolymer increases. This improves the physical strength and water resistance of the composite material.
• the dispersibility of the urethane prepolymer in lignocellulosic materials with a high water content is improved, and the reactivity is also improved. This makes it possible to improve the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material. Furthermore, composite materials with excellent physical strength can be stably molded.
• polyisocyanate component examples include aromatic polyisocyanates that are widely used industrially.
• aromatic polyisocyanates include tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), phenylene diisocyanate (PDI), naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), and derivatives thereof.
• derivatives include polymers, isocyanurate modified products, allophanate modified products, polyol modified products, biuret modified products, urea modified products, oxadiazinetrione modified products, and carbodiimide modified products.
• examples of derivatives include polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (crude MDI, polymeric MDI).
• Aromatic polyisocyanates can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
• the aromatic polyisocyanate from the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material having excellent water resistance and from the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material having excellent mechanical strength, preferably, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate are mentioned.
• the aromatic polyisocyanate preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
• the isocyanate group content of the polyisocyanate component is, for example, 15% by mass or more, preferably 25% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the polyisocyanate component.
• the isocyanate group content of the polyisocyanate component is, for example, 60% by mass or less, preferably 50% by mass or less.
• the isocyanate group content of the polyisocyanate component is, for example, 15% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, and preferably 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less.
• the macropolyol component is a compound having a number average molecular weight of 400 or more and 10,000 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the macropolyol component is preferably 500 or more, more preferably more than 700, and even more preferably 800 or more, from the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material having excellent water resistance and excellent mechanical strength.
• the number average molecular weight of the macropolyol component is preferably 5,000 or less, more preferably 4,000 or less, and even more preferably 3,500 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the macropolyol component is preferably 500 or more and 5,000 or less, more preferably more than 700 and 5,000 or less, even more preferably 800 or more and 4,000 or less, and particularly preferably 800 or more and 3,500 or less.
• the number average molecular weight can be calculated from the number of hydroxyl groups in the macropolyol component and the average hydroxyl value (same below).
• the number of hydroxyl groups in the macropolyol component is preferably 2 or more. Also, it is preferably 4 or less. The number of hydroxyl groups in the macropolyol component is preferably 2 or more and 4 or less.
• the average hydroxyl value of the macropolyol component is preferably 12 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 25 mgKOH/g or more, and even more preferably 50 mgKOH/g or more, from the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material having excellent water resistance and excellent mechanical strength.
• the average hydroxyl value of the macropolyol component is preferably 270 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 200 mgKOH/g or less, and even more preferably 180 mgKOH/g or less.
• the average hydroxyl value of the macropolyol component is preferably 12 mgKOH/g or more and 270 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 25 mgKOH/g or more and 200 mgKOH/g or less, and even more preferably 50 mgKOH/g or more and 180 mgKOH/g or less.
• the average hydroxyl value is measured in accordance with JIS K1557-1:2007 (as below).
• polyether polyol As the macropolyol component, from the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material having excellent water resistance and excellent mechanical strength, polyether polyol and polyester polyol are preferably used. As the macropolyol component, polyether polyol is more preferably used.
• the polyether polyol is preferably a polyoxyalkylene polyol.
• polyoxyalkylene polyols examples include polyalkylene polyols and polytetramethylene ether polyols.
• polyalkylene polyols examples include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers (random and/or block copolymers).
• polyalkylene polyols are produced by addition polymerization of an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to an initiator.
• initiators include low molecular weight diols, low molecular weight triols, and low molecular weight polyols with 4 or more valences.
• Low molecular weight diols are defined as diols with a number average molecular weight of 400 or less. Examples of low molecular weight diols include ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
• Low molecular weight triols are defined as triols with a number average molecular weight of 400 or less.
• Examples of low molecular weight triols include glycerin and trimethylolpropane.
• a low molecular weight polyol with 4 or more valences is defined as a polyol with a number average molecular weight of 400 or less and 4 or more hydroxyl groups.
• low molecular weight polyols with tetrahydric or higher valence examples include pentaerythritol, sorbitol, and sucrose.
• the initiator includes a low molecular weight diol and a low molecular weight triol.
• alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms examples include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.
• alkylene oxide at least one of an alkylene oxide having 2 carbon atoms (ethylene oxide) and an alkylene oxide having 3 carbon atoms (propylene oxide) is preferably used.
• polytetramethylene ether polyols include ring-opening polymers obtained by cationic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran, such as amorphous polytetramethylene ether glycols in which diols are copolymerized with tetrahydrofuran polymerization units, and amorphous polytetramethylene ether glycols in which ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, and/or benzyl glycidyl ether are copolymerized with tetrahydrofuran polymerization units.
• amorphous polytetramethylene ether glycols in which diols are copolymerized with tetrahydrofuran polymerization units
• amorphous polytetramethylene ether glycols in which ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, and/or benzyl glycidyl ether are copolymerized with tetrahydr
• polyalkylene polyol is used.
• polypropylene glycol is used.
• polypropylene glycol for example, bifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to propylene glycol, trifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to glycerin, and trifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to trimethylolpropane are included.
• the content of oxyethylene units in the polyether polyol relative to the total amount of oxyalkylene units in the polyether polyol is preferably 10 mass% or less, more preferably 5.0 mass% or less, and even more preferably 2.0 mass% or less.
• the macropolyol components described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the macropolyol components may not contain nitrogen atoms.
• the compound component containing a hydrophilic group has the above-mentioned hydrophilic group and an active hydrogen group having an oxygen atom.
• the active hydrogen group having an oxygen atom include a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group.
• the compound component containing a hydrophilic group preferably contains a hydroxyl group, and more preferably contains only a hydroxyl group, as the active hydrogen group having an oxygen atom.
• Examples of compound components containing a hydrophilic group include the above-mentioned monools having a hydrophilic group and the above-mentioned diols having a hydrophilic group.
• alkoxypolyethylene glycol An example of a monool having the above-mentioned hydrophilic group is alkoxypolyethylene glycol.
• the alkoxy group consists of an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an oxygen atom.
• alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, cyclobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, 4-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, and cyclohexyl.
• An example of a diol having the above-mentioned hydrophilic group is polyethylene glycol.
• the compound component containing a hydrophilic group is a monool having a hydrophilic group as described above, and more preferably, methoxypolyethylene glycol.
• the number average molecular weight of the methoxypolyethylene glycol is preferably 50 or more, more preferably 100 or more, and even more preferably 300 or more, from the viewpoint of improving the water resistance of the composite material.
• the number average molecular weight of the methoxypolyethylene glycol is preferably 2,000 or less, more preferably 1,000 or less, more preferably 700 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the methoxypolyethylene glycol is preferably 50 or more and 2000 or less, more preferably 100 or more and 1,000 or less, even more preferably 100 or more and 700 or less, and particularly preferably 300 or more and 700 or less.
• (1-4) Method for Producing Urethane Prepolymer To produce a urethane prepolymer, an aromatic polyisocyanate, a macropolyol component, and a compound component containing a hydrophilic group are mixed so that the isocyanate index (the ratio of the isocyanate group concentration (NCO concentration) of the polyisocyanate to the active hydrogen group concentration of the macropolyol component and the compound component containing a hydrophilic group multiplied by 100, NCO concentration/active hydrogen group concentration ⁇ 100) is, for example, greater than 100, preferably 105 or more, for example, 600 or less, preferably 450 or less, and they are reacted until a predetermined isocyanate group content is reached.
• NCO concentration isocyanate group concentration
• a urethane catalyst can be added to this reaction.
• the ratio of the total mass of the polyisocyanate component to the total mass of the polyisocyanate component, the macropolyol component, and the compound component containing a hydrophilic group is preferably 0.38 or more and 0.80 or less, more preferably 0.40 or more and 0.75 or less, and even more preferably 0.45 or more and 0.70 or less.
• the ratio of the total mass of the macropolyol component to the total mass of the polyisocyanate component, the macropolyol component, and the compound component containing a hydrophilic group is preferably 0.15 or more and 0.59 or less, more preferably 0.20 or more and 0.55 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or more and 0.50 or less, from the viewpoint of emulsification when water is added.
• the ratio of the total mass of the compound component containing a hydrophilic group to the total mass of the polyisocyanate component, the macropolyol component, and the compound component containing a hydrophilic group is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.05 or less, from the viewpoint of emulsification when water is added.
• the polyurethane resin raw material contains a urethane prepolymer component containing the above-mentioned urethane prepolymer, and a polyol component.
• the polyol component preferably contains a first polyol and a second polyol.
• the number of functional groups of the first polyol is preferably 1 or more, and more preferably 2 or more.
• the number of functional groups of the first polyol is preferably 4 or less, and more preferably 3 or less.
• the number of functional groups of the first polyol is preferably 1 or more and 4 or less, and more preferably 2 or more and 3 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the first polyol is preferably 50 or more, and more preferably 62 or more, from the viewpoint of improving the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material.
• the number average molecular weight of the first polyol is preferably 1,000 or less, and more preferably 800 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the first polyol is preferably 50 or more and 1,000 or less, and more preferably 62 or more and 800 or less, from the viewpoint of improving the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material.
• the average hydroxyl value of the first polyol is, for example, 200 mg KOH/g or more, preferably 300 mg KOH/g or more.
• the average hydroxyl value of the first polyol is, for example, 2000 mg KOH/g or less, and preferably 1900 mg KOH/g or less.
• the average hydroxyl value of the first polyol is preferably 200 mgKOH/g or more and 2000 mgKOH/g or less, and more preferably 300 mgKOH/g or more and 1900 mgKOH/g or less.
• the first polyol is obtained by a normal polyol manufacturing method. There are no particular limitations on the manufacturing method, and the first polyol can be manufactured by adding a cyclic ether to a compound (polyhydric alcohol) having a hydroxyl group.
• a compound having a hydroxyl group (polyhydric alcohol) or a polyether polyol to which one or more cyclic ethers have been added can also be used.
• Examples of compounds having hydroxyl groups include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, diglycerin, sorbitol, polypropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexanetriol, sucrose, butylene glycol, dihydroxydiphenylpropane, sucrose, dipropylene glycol, dihydroxydiphenylpropane, dihydroxydiphenyl ether, dihydroxydiphenylmethane, dihydroxybiphenyl, hydroquinone, naphthalenediol, resorcinol, and fluoroglycine.
• hydroxyl group polyhydric alcohol
• preferred examples include glycerin and diglycerin.
• Cyclic ethers include, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, and butylene oxide.
• ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are preferable.
• first polyol examples include bifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to propylene glycol, trifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to glycerin, and trifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to trimethylolpropane.
• the first polyol preferably does not contain nitrogen atoms.
• the amount of urethane bonds can be further increased by reacting a first polyol that does not contain nitrogen atoms with a urethane prepolymer. This improves the physical strength and water resistance of the composite material. As a result, a composite material with excellent water resistance and physical strength can be stably molded.
• Second polyol The number of functional groups of the second polyol is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more.
• the number of functional groups of the second polyol is preferably 6 or less, preferably 5 or less.
• the number of functional groups of the second polyol is preferably 1 or more and 6 or less, more preferably 2 or more and 5 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the second polyol is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 230 or more, and even more preferably 260 or more.
• the number average molecular weight of the second polyol is preferably 1,000 or less, more preferably 950 or less, and even more preferably 900 or less.
• the number average molecular weight of the second polyol is preferably 200 or more and 1,000 or less, more preferably 230 or more and 950 or less, and even more preferably 260 or more and 900 or less.
• the average hydroxyl value of the second polyol is, for example, 200 mg KOH/g or more, preferably 250 mg KOH/g or more.
• the average hydroxyl value of the second polyol is, for example, 2000 mg KOH/g or less, preferably 1000 mg KOH/g or less.
• the average hydroxyl value of the second polyol is, for example, 200 mgKOH/g or more and 2000 mgKOH/g or less, and preferably 250 mgKOH/g or more and 1000 mgKOH/g or less.
• the second polyol is preferably a polyether polyol.
• the second polyol preferably contains nitrogen atoms.
• the second polyol containing nitrogen atoms has a higher reactivity with urethane prepolymer than the first polyol not containing nitrogen atoms. Therefore, when molding a composite material, a urethane bond can be quickly formed between the urethane prepolymer and the second polyol containing nitrogen atoms by reacting it with the urethane prepolymer. As a result, the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be improved, and a composite material with excellent water resistance and physical strength can be stably molded.
• the reactivity can also be adjusted by adjusting the amount of the second polyol added.
• the second polyol is obtained by a conventional polyol manufacturing method, for example, by addition polymerization of an alkylene oxide to an initiator.
• Examples of initiators include ethanolamines and amines.
• Examples of ethanolamines include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
• Examples of amines include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, orthotolylenediamine, metatolylenediamine, 4,4'-diphenylmethanediamine, 2,4'-diphenylmethanediamine, polymethylpolyphenylpolyamine, and aniline.
• preferred initiators include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, metatolylenediamine, polymethylpolyphenylpolyamine, and aniline, more preferred initiators include diethanolamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and aniline, and even more preferred initiators include triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, and diethylenetriamine.
• alkylene oxides examples include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.
• the second polyol examples include trifunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to triethanolamine, and tetrafunctional polypropylene glycol in which propylene oxide is added to ethylenediamine.
• the second polyol may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the polyurethane resin raw material preferably further contains a catalyst when the isocyanate group content of the urethane prepolymer is 10 mass% or more. When the isocyanate group content of the urethane prepolymer is less than 10 mass%, the polyurethane resin raw material does not need to contain a catalyst.
• catalysts include known urethane catalysts, more specifically known amine catalysts and known organometallic catalysts.
• Examples of the amine catalyst include tertiary amine catalysts, quaternary ammonium salts, and imidazoles.
• Examples of the tertiary amine catalyst include triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), dimethylethanolamine (DMEA), triethanolamine (TEA), triethylenediamine, bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, and N-methylmorpholine.
• Examples of the quaternary ammonium salt include tetraethylhydroxylammonium.
• Examples of the imidazoles include imidazole and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole.
• Organometallic catalysts include, for example, organotin compounds, organolead compounds, organonickel compounds, organocobalt compounds, organocupper compounds, and organobismuth compounds.
• Organotin compounds include, for example, tin acetate, tin octoate (stannous octoate), tin oleate, tin laurate, dibutyltin diacetate, dimethyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dimercaptide, dibutyltin maleate, dibutyltin dineodecanoate, dioctyltin dimercaptide, dioctyltin dilaurate, and dibutyltin dichloride.
• Organolead compounds include, for example, lead octoate and lead naphthenate.
• Organonickel compounds include, for example, nickel naphthenate.
• Organocobalt compounds include, for example, cobalt naphthenate.
• Organocopper compounds include, for example, copper octenate.
• organic bismuth compounds include bismuth octanoate (bismuth octylate) and bismuth neodecanoate.
• Catalysts can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
• an amine catalyst is preferably used, more preferably a tertiary amine catalyst, and even more preferably dimethylcyclohexylamine, dimethylethanolamine, or triethanolamine is used.
• the catalyst content per 100 parts by mass of the polyol component is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and more preferably 1% by mass or more.
• the catalyst content per 100 parts by mass of the polyol component is, for example, 10% by mass or less, preferably 9% by mass or less, and more preferably 8% by mass or less.
• the catalyst content per 100 parts by mass of the polyol component is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 9% by mass or less, and more preferably 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less.
• the curing time of the composite material composition described below can be adjusted to an appropriate range, improving workability and productivity.
• the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured.
• the catalyst is mixed in an amount of, for example, 0.1 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 1 part by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of the second polyol.
• the catalyst is mixed in an amount of, for example, 12 parts by mass or less, preferably 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 9 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the second polyol.
• the catalyst content per 100 parts by mass of the second polyol is, for example, 0.1 parts by mass or more and 12 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 1 part by mass or more and 9 parts by mass or less.
• the curing time of the composite material composition described below can be adjusted within an appropriate range, improving workability and productivity. In addition, the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured.
• the first agent contains the above-mentioned urethane prepolymer component.
• the urethane prepolymer component contains a urethane prepolymer.
• the urethane prepolymer component may contain a residual isocyanate monomer.
• the residual isocyanate monomer is an isocyanate monomer that remains unreacted among the isocyanate monomers used in the production of the prepolymer.
• the urethane prepolymer component consists of only a urethane prepolymer.
• the proportion of the urethane prepolymer component in the first agent is, for example, 95% by mass or more, preferably 99% by mass or more, and more preferably 100% by mass.
• the second agent contains a polyol component.
• the second agent contains a catalyst as required.
• the polyurethane resin raw material contains a polyol component and, as required, a catalyst.
• the proportion of the first polyol in the second agent is, for example, 1% by mass or more, preferably 2% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and preferably 15% by mass or more.
• the proportion of the first polyol in the second agent is, for example, 35% by mass or less, preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 25% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or less.
• the proportion of the first polyol in the second agent is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less, preferably 2% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
• the curing time of the composite material composition described below can be adjusted to an appropriate range, improving workability and productivity.
• the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured.
• the proportion of the second polyol in the second agent is, for example, 65% by mass or more, preferably 69% by mass or more, and preferably 75% by mass or more.
• the proportion of the second polyol in the second agent is, for example, 97% by mass or less, preferably 96% by mass or less, and preferably 95% by mass or less.
• the proportion of the second polyol in the second agent is, for example, 65% by mass or more and 97% by mass or less, preferably 69% by mass or more and 96% by mass or less, and preferably 75% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less.
• the curing time of the composite material composition described below can be adjusted to an appropriate range, improving workability.
• the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured.
• the mixing ratio of the first polyol to 100 parts by mass of the second polyol is, for example, 1 part by mass or more, preferably 2 parts by mass or more, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or more.
• the blending ratio of the first polyol to 100 parts by mass of the second polyol is, for example, 45 parts by mass or less, preferably 40 parts by mass or less, more preferably 30 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 20 parts by mass or less.
• the mixing ratio of the first polyol to 100 parts by mass of the second polyol is, for example, 1 part by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less, preferably 2 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less.
• the curing time of the composite material composition described below can be adjusted within an appropriate range, improving workability and productivity.
• the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured.
• the proportion of the catalyst in the second agent is, for example, 0.1 mass% or more, preferably 0.2 mass% or more, and preferably 0.3 mass% or more.
• the proportion of catalyst in the second agent is, for example, 10% by mass or less, preferably 7% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or less.
• the proportion of the catalyst in the second agent is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 7% by mass or less, and preferably 0.3% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less.
• the curing time of the composite material composition described below can be adjusted to an appropriate range, improving workability and productivity.
• the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured.
• the second agent may contain other components such as a solvent or dispersion medium, additives, etc. as necessary.
• other components include ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, plasticizers, silane coupling agents, water repellents, defoamers, hardening accelerators, release agents, release aids, tack agents, formaldehyde catcher agents, crosslinking agents, stabilizers, etc.
• the other components are not particularly limited, but may be used in an amount of 5 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the second agent in total.
• the polyurethane resin raw material can be used as a raw material for producing a composite material of a lignocellulosic material and a polyurethane resin.
• Composite contains a lignocellulosic material and a polyurethane resin, which is a reaction product of the polyurethane resin raw materials described above.
• lignocellulosic materials include ground wood, ground bark, ground bamboo, and plants.
• wood refers to woody parts and does not include bark, which is bark.
• ground wood include wood chips.
• ground bark include bark chips.
• ground bamboo include bamboo chips.
• the tree may be a coniferous tree or a broadleaf tree. Examples of coniferous trees include cedar and cypress. Examples of broadleaf trees include beech and boxwood.
• Plants include, for example, Ericaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Araceae, Solanaceae, Fabaceae, Araliaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Theaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Zingiberaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Apiaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Liliaceae, Convolvulaceae, Iridaceae, Gesneriaceae, Ranunculaceae, Apocynaceae, Papaveraceae, Piperaceae, Scrophulariaceae , Primulaceae, Violaceae, Begoniaceae, Commelinaceae, Balsaminaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Bromeliaceae, Geraniaceae, Crassulaceae, Gentianaceae, Palmaceae, Saxifragaceae, Malvaceae
• Examples of plants in the Poaceae family include rice, barley, wheat, sorghum, sorghum, sorghum, millet, millet, foxtail millet, foxtail millet, reed, Japanese barnyard millet, sugar cane, and corn.
• Examples of plants in the Asteraceae family include sunflower, mugwort, butterbur, Japanese quince, and dahlia.
• Examples of plants in the Cucurbitaceae family include cucumber, melon, pumpkin, gourd, wax gourd, watermelon, and bottle gourd.
• Examples of plants in the Nymphaeaceae family include water lilies, lotus plants, giant lotus plants, and water lilies.
• Examples of plants in the Convolvulaceae family include bindweed, sweet potato, morning glory, and night glory.
• Examples of plants in the Iridaceae family include irises, Japanese iris, calamus, Japanese iris, and gladiolus.
• Examples of plants in the Palmaceae family include coconut palms.
• the lignocellulosic material preferably includes crushed wood, crushed bark, and plants.
• the crushed wood is more preferably crushed cedar
• the crushed bark is more preferably crushed cedar bark. If the lignocellulosic material is made of cedar, a composite material having antibacterial and herbicidal effects can be produced.
• the moisture content of the lignocellulosic material is not limited.
• the moisture content of the lignocellulosic material may be 15% or more, 20% or more, 25% or more, 30% or more, 35% or more, or 40% or more.
• a composite material can be produced without going through a drying process for the lignocellulosic material.
• the moisture content of the lignocellulosic material may be, for example, 60% or less, or 50% or less.
• the molding time (curing time) can be prevented from becoming longer, improving production efficiency.
• the moisture content of the lignocellulosic material may be 15% or more and 60% or less, 20% or more and 60% or less, 30% or more and 50% or less, 35% or more and 50% or less, or 40% or more and 50% or less.
• the thickness of the composite material is not limited.
• the thickness of the composite material may be 14.5 mm or more, or may be 14.9 mm or more.
• the thickness of the composite material may be 15.5 mm or less, or may be 15.1 mm or less.
• the thickness of the composite material may be 14.5 mm or more and 15.5 mm or less, or may be 14.9 mm or more and 15.1 mm or less.
• the thickness of the composite material is measured in accordance with the dimensional measurement method specified in JIS A5908:2015 (Particleboard).
• a thickness adjustment bar can be used during the curing process described below.
• the density of the composite material is not limited.
• the density of the composite material may be 440 kg/ m3 or more, or may be 445 kg/m3 or more .
• the density of the composite material may be 465 kg/m3 or less , or may be 460 kg/ m3 or less.
• the density of the composite material may be 440 kg/m3 or more and 465 kg/m3 or less , or may be 445 kg/m3 or more and 460 kg/m3 or less .
• the density of the composite material is measured using the density test specified in JIS A5908:2015 (particleboard).
• the mass of the composite material after molding is calculated from the set density and size (length, width, thickness) of the composite material during the curing process described below, and the mass of the composite material composition is adjusted so that the composite material after molding has the calculated mass.
• the bending strength of the composite material is, for example, preferably 12 N/mm2 or more , more preferably 14 N/mm2 or more , even more preferably 17 N/mm2 or more , particularly preferably 19 N/mm2 or more , and extremely preferably 23 N/mm2 or more .
• the bending strength of the composite material is measured using the bending strength test of JIS A5908:2015 (particle board).
• the bending strength of the composite material is adjusted to within the above range.
• the density of the composite material the bending strength can be increased.
• the ratio of the first agent to the second agent the bending strength of the composite material can be increased and the water resistance can be improved. Therefore, the bending strength of the composite material can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the density and the ratio of the first agent to the second agent depending on the intended use.
• the wet B flexural strength of the composite material is, for example, 8 N /mm2 or more, preferably 10 N/mm2 or more , more preferably 15 N/mm2 or more , and for example, 30 N/ mm2 or less.
• the wet flexural strength B of the composite material is measured according to the wet flexural strength B test of JIS A5908:2015 (particleboard).
• the wet B bending strength of the composite material is adjusted to fall within the above range.
• the wet B bending strength can be increased by increasing the density of the composite material.
• the wet B bending strength of the composite material can be increased and water resistance can be improved. Therefore, the wet B bending strength of the composite material can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the density and the ratio of the first agent to the second agent depending on the intended use.
• the flexural survival rate is the percentage of the wet B flexural strength to the flexural strength.
• the conformity condition for P type specified in JIS A5908:2015 is that the bending residual rate is 49.5% or more (50% or more when rounded off to the first decimal place).
• the bending residual rate of the composite material is, for example, 49.5% or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 55% or more, more preferably 60% or more, more preferably 65% or more, for example, 70% or less.
• the bending survival rate of the composite material is adjusted to within the above range.
• the bending survival rate can be increased by increasing the density of the composite material.
• the bending survival rate of the composite material can be increased and water resistance can be improved. Therefore, the bending survival rate of the composite material can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the density and the ratio of the first agent to the second agent depending on the intended use.
• the composite has a water absorption thickness expansion rate at 20°C of, for example, 12% or less, preferably 9% or less, more preferably 7% or less, more preferably 5% or less, for example, 1% or more.
• the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate of the composite material is measured using the water absorption thickness expansion rate test of JIS A5908:2015 (particleboard).
• the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate of the composite material is adjusted to fall within the above range.
• the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate can be increased by increasing the density of the composite material.
• the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate of the composite material can be increased and water resistance can be improved. Therefore, the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate of the composite material can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the density and the ratio of the first agent to the second agent depending on the intended use.
• composite materials include board materials, such as wood boards, particle boards, and fiberboards.
• Composite materials can be used, for example, for ground paving, sidewalks, highway walls, residential surrounds, furniture, interior wall materials, interior flooring materials, and floor underlayments.
• the manufacturing method of the composite material uses the above-mentioned polyurethane resin raw material.
• the manufacturing method of the composite material includes a mixing step and a curing step.
• a lignocellulose-based material having a moisture content of 15% or more, the polyurethane resin raw material described above, and water are mixed to prepare a composite material composition.
• a lignocellulose-based material having a moisture content of 15% or more, the first part, the second part, and water are mixed to prepare a composite material composition.
• a lignocellulose-based material having a moisture content of 15% or more, a urethane prepolymer component, a polyol component, water, and, if necessary, a catalyst are mixed to prepare a composite material composition.
• the preferred range of moisture content for the lignocellulosic material used as the raw material is as described above.
• the method of mixing the lignocellulosic material, the first agent, the second agent, and water is not limited.
• the first agent and water are mixed to prepare a first mixed liquid
• the second agent and water are mixed to prepare a second mixed liquid
• the first mixed liquid and the second mixed liquid are mixed with the lignocellulosic material to prepare a composite composition.
• the first agent, the second agent, and water may be mixed to prepare a mixed liquid, and the resulting mixed liquid may be mixed with the lignocellulosic material.
• the mixing ratio of the urethane prepolymer component to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material is, for example, 5 parts by mass or more, preferably 10 parts by mass or more.
• the blending ratio of the urethane prepolymer component per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material is equal to or greater than the lower limit above, the normal bending strength and wet B bending strength can be improved.
• the mixing ratio of the urethane prepolymer component per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material is, for example, 40 parts by mass or less, preferably 25 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or less.
• the blending ratio of the urethane prepolymer component per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material is equal to or less than the upper limit value, the water resistance and physical strength of the composite material can be ensured while suppressing increases in manufacturing costs.
• the mixing ratio of the urethane prepolymer component to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material is, for example, 5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less.
• the mixing ratio of the first polyol per 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 0.1 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more.
• the blending ratio of the first polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 5 parts by mass or less, preferably 4.7 parts by mass or less.
• the mixing ratio of the first polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 0.1 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less, and preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more and 4.7 parts by mass or less.
• the blending ratio of the first polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is within the above range, it is possible to suppress a decrease in bending retention rate and an increase in the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate.
• the blending ratio of the second polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 6 parts by mass or more, preferably 8 parts by mass or more.
• the blending ratio of the second polyol per 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 20 parts by mass or less, preferably 15.5 parts by mass or less.
• the mixing ratio of the second polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 6 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, and preferably 8 parts by mass or more and 15.5 parts by mass or less.
• the blending ratio of the second polyol to 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is within the above range, it is possible to prevent a decrease in bending retention rate and to prevent an increase in the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate.
• the catalyst is mixed in an amount of, for example, 0.01 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.04 parts by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component.
• the catalyst is mixed in an amount of, for example, 1.5 parts by mass or less, preferably 1.2 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component.
• the catalyst content per 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is, for example, 0.01 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.04 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 0.04 parts by mass or more and 1.2 parts by mass or less.
• the catalyst content per 100 parts by mass of the urethane prepolymer component is within the above range, it is possible to prevent a decrease in bending retention rate and to prevent an increase in the 20°C water absorption thickness expansion rate.
• the composite material composition is cured.
• the curing method is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a composite material having excellent water resistance and improving the strength of the composite material, it is preferable to cure the composite material composition by press molding.
• the composite material composition is formed (evenly spread) on a call plate or a press molding die, and then heated and pressurized at a pressure of, for example, 2 MPa or more and 5 MPa or less, and at a temperature of, for example, 20°C or more and 180°C or less, for example, for 5 minutes or more and 80 minutes or less.
• the urethane prepolymer is a reaction product of an aromatic polyisocyanate, a macropolyol component, and a compound component containing a hydrophilic group, and has an isocyanate group and a hydrophilic group.
• the urethane prepolymer when mixing the lignocellulosic material with the urethane prepolymer, the urethane prepolymer can be dispersed in water, allowing the lignocellulosic material and the urethane prepolymer to be mixed uniformly.
• the water resistance of the resulting composite material can be improved.
• the urethane prepolymer can be dispersed in water in the mixing process, so that the lignocellulosic material and the urethane prepolymer can be mixed uniformly.
• the water resistance of the resulting composite material can be improved.
• Aromatic isocyanate (PH: monomeric MDI, NCO% measured by ASTM D1638: 33.6, molecular weight: 250 g/mol, product name: Cosmonate PH, manufactured by Kumho Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
• PI Monomeric MDI, NCO% measured by ASTM D1638: 33.6, Product name: Cosmonate PI, manufactured by Kumho Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
• M-200 Polymeric MDI, NCO% measured by ASTM D1638: 30.0 to 32.0, product name: Cosmonate M-200, manufactured by Kumho Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
• PH which is a solid at room temperature
• M-200 M-200
• a macropolyol component and, if necessary, a hydrophilic group-containing compound were added to the resulting mixture, which was then heated to 80°C while stirring, and reacted at 80°C for 3 hours to obtain a urethane prepolymer.
• the resulting urethane prepolymer was then cooled to below 40°C.
• urethane prepolymer E For urethane prepolymer E, a macropolyol component and a hydrophilic group-containing compound were added to PI in a container under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 80°C while stirring, and then reacted at 80°C for 3 hours to obtain a urethane prepolymer. The resulting urethane prepolymer was then cooled to below 40°C.
• the first and second mixed liquids were mixed with the lignocellulosic material to prepare a composite composition.
• Tables 2 to 6 show the ratio of the first agent to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the lignocellulosic material.
• the composite material composition was then spread into the mold, compressed, and formed.
• the formed composite composition was then press molded at the press temperatures and for the molding times shown in Tables 2 to 6.
• the first agent did not use a urethane prepolymer, but instead used 17 parts by mass of a mixture of 243.11 parts by mass of PH (monomeric MDI) and 756.89 parts by mass of M-200 (polymeric MDI).
• the urethane prepolymer, polyurethane resin raw material, and composite manufacturing method of the present invention can be used, for example, to manufacture composites of lignocellulosic materials and polyurethane resins.
• the composites of the present invention can be used, for example, as ground paving materials, sidewalks, highway walls, house peripheries, furniture, indoor wall materials, indoor floor materials, and floor underlay materials.

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