WO2024199339A1 - 端盖及多接管压力容器 - Google Patents

端盖及多接管压力容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024199339A1
WO2024199339A1 PCT/CN2024/084353 CN2024084353W WO2024199339A1 WO 2024199339 A1 WO2024199339 A1 WO 2024199339A1 CN 2024084353 W CN2024084353 W CN 2024084353W WO 2024199339 A1 WO2024199339 A1 WO 2024199339A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
boss
side wall
mounting plate
fillet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/084353
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海龙
邓锟
宇汝巢
廖鹏飞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024199339A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024199339A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an end cover and a multi-tube pressure vessel.
  • Multi-tube pressure vessels such as gas-liquid separators and liquid storage tanks, are important components in refrigeration systems.
  • Multi-tube pressure vessels are usually installed between the evaporator and the compressor to store refrigerant and separate gas and liquid, ensuring that the medium sucked into the compressor is gas phase, preventing liquid phase medium from being sucked into the compressor working chamber to form liquid hammer, and also have the function of filtering impurities.
  • the end cover includes a connecting section 010, a transition section 020 and a mounting plate 030 arranged in sequence, and the mounting plate 030 is located on the side of the transition section 020 away from the connecting section 010, and is arranged in a circular shape.
  • the mounting plate 030 is provided with mounting holes 040 corresponding to each pipe, and the pipe is inserted into the corresponding mounting holes 040.
  • the mechanical vibration noise and fatigue life of the multi-tube pressure vessel under the impact of refrigerant pulsation are closely related to the strength of the end cover.
  • the thickness of the end cover can also be increased to improve the structural strength; however, the increase in the thickness of the end cover will lead to processing difficulties.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a multi-tube pressure vessel and an end cover to improve the strength of the end cover.
  • an end cover for a multi-tube pressure vessel; the end cover comprises a connecting section, a transition section and a boss portion connected in sequence;
  • the boss portion protrudes from the transition section, and the boss portion is provided with A plurality of mounting holes for mounting the connecting pipe; the dimension L of the boss portion in the first direction is greater than the dimension W in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the axis of the end cover, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the boss portion includes a mounting plate and a boss side wall; the boss side wall is connected to the transition section, and the boss side wall extends in a direction away from the connecting section to form a preset size; the mounting plate covers the open end of the boss side wall away from the connecting section and is perpendicular to the axis of the end cover, and the mounting hole is arranged on the mounting plate.
  • the height of the side wall of the boss changes gradually along the edge of the mounting plate.
  • a height of the boss side wall at one end of the boss portion in the first direction is greater than a height of the boss side wall at one end of the boss portion in the second direction.
  • the mounting plate and the side wall of the boss are transitioned by a second fillet
  • the minimum value of the distance between the outer surface of the mounting plate and the outer surface of the transition section does not exceed the radius of the second fillet
  • a second fillet transition is provided between the mounting plate and the side wall of the boss
  • a third fillet transition is provided between the side wall of the boss and the transition section
  • a minimum distance between an outer surface of the mounting plate and an outer surface of the transition section is not less than the sum of the radius of the second fillet and the radius of the third fillet.
  • the boss side wall is inclined toward the axis of the end cover, and the acute angle between the inclined direction of the boss side wall and the axis of the end cover is smaller than the acute angle between the inclined direction of the transition section and the axis of the end cover.
  • the boss portion is provided with a flange, the flange is arranged around the corresponding mounting hole, and the flange is transitionally connected to the hole wall of the mounting hole through a first fillet; wherein the inner hole diameter of the flange is d1, and the radius of the first fillet is R1;
  • a dimension W of the boss portion in the second direction is not less than d1+2*R1.
  • the first direction is the length direction of the boss portion
  • the second direction is the width direction of the boss portion
  • the transition section is an arc-shaped surface or a spherical surface.
  • a multi-tube pressure vessel comprising the above-mentioned end cover; the multi-tube pressure vessel further comprises a shell and a tube;
  • One end of the shell is open, and the connecting section of the end cover is connected to the open end of the shell; the connecting pipe is passed through the mounting hole.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cover in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-tube pressure vessel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an end cover in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an end cover in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an end cover in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cover shown in FIG5 cut along its axis and the plane where the second direction is located, and FIG6 also illustrates the connection method between the end cover and the shell.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the end cover shown in FIG. 5 along the second direction.
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cover shown in FIG5 , cut along its axis and the plane where the first direction is located.
  • FIG8 also illustrates the connection method between the end cover and the shell.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the end cover shown in FIG. 5 along the first direction.
  • FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the structure of the end cover shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the variation of deformation of the lower end cover with different size coefficients in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the difference in deformation and stress between the end cap of the present disclosure and the existing end cap in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-tube pressure vessel, and in particular provides an end cover 3 of the multi-tube pressure vessel.
  • the multi-tube pressure vessel can be a gas-liquid separator, a liquid storage device or other pressure vessels with multiple tubes.
  • the multi-tube pressure vessel As an example of a gas-liquid separator used in a refrigeration system (such as an air-conditioning system), the multi-tube pressure vessel is introduced as an example.
  • the multi-tube pressure vessel can be installed between the evaporator and the compressor to store refrigerant and separate gas and liquid.
  • the multi-tube pressure vessel of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a shell 1, a fixed plate (not shown in Figure 2), an end cover 3 and at least two pipes 2. One end of the shell 1 is open, and the end cover 3 is covered at the open end and connected to the shell 1.
  • the fixed plate is installed in the shell 1, one end of the pipe 2 is fixed on the fixed plate, and the other end passes through the end cover 3 and is connected to the compressor.
  • a through hole can also be opened on the fixed plate, and the gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant flowing into the multi-tube pressure vessel from the evaporator flows back to the compressor through the pipe 2, and the liquid refrigerant flows down through the through hole and is stored in the shell 1.
  • the end cover 3 comprises a connecting section 100, a transition section 200 and a boss portion 300 connected in sequence; wherein, along the axial direction of the end cover 3, the boss portion 300 is arranged to protrude from the transition section 200.
  • the boss portion 300 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 301 for mounting the pipe 2.
  • the plurality of mounting holes 301 may be arranged in a straight line along a first direction D1; the dimension L of the boss portion 300 in the first direction D1 is greater than the dimension W in the second direction D2; the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are both perpendicular to the axis of the end cover 3.
  • the end cover 3 no longer uses a circular mounting plate to fix the pipe 2, but uses a non-circular boss portion 300 to fix the pipe 2.
  • the dimension W of the boss portion 300 in the second direction D2 is smaller than the dimension L in the first direction D1, which is conducive to reducing the plane dimension of the boss portion 300, thereby improving the rigidity of the boss portion 300 and reducing the deformation of the boss portion 300 under the impact of the refrigerant pulse.
  • the rigidity of the end cover 3 is improved, so that the deformation of the end cover 3 under the impact is reduced, the fatigue life of the end cover 3 can be improved, and the mechanical noise generated by the deformation of the end cover 3 under the impact load can be reduced, thereby improving the fatigue life of the multi-tube pressure vessel and reducing the mechanical noise, thereby improving the quality of the multi-tube pressure vessel.
  • first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the length direction of the boss portion 300 is the first direction D1; the width direction of the boss portion 300 is the second direction D2.
  • the maximum dimension of the boss portion 300 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the end cap 3 is the length of the boss portion 300, and the direction corresponding to the length is the length direction of the boss portion 300.
  • the dimension L of the boss portion 300 in the first direction D1 is the length of the boss.
  • the minimum dimension of the boss portion 300 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the end cap 3 is the width of the boss portion 300, and the direction corresponding to the width is the width direction of the boss portion 300.
  • the dimension W of the boss portion 300 in the second direction D2 is the width of the boss.
  • the end cover 3 includes a connecting section 100 , a transition section 200 and a boss portion 300 connected in sequence.
  • the boss portion 300 includes a mounting plate 320 and a boss side wall 310 .
  • the boss side wall 310 is connected to the transition section 200, and the boss side wall 310 extends in a direction away from the connecting section 100 to form a preset size;
  • the mounting plate 320 covers the open end of the boss side wall 310 away from the connecting section 100 and is perpendicular to the axis of the end cover 3.
  • the mounting plate 320 is provided with a mounting hole 301 for mounting the pipe 2.
  • the mounting plate 320 is not directly connected to the transition section 200, but is indirectly connected through the boss side wall 310.
  • the structural deformation of the transition section 200 under the impact of the refrigerant pulse can be indirectly transmitted to the mounting plate 320, so the deformation of the mounting plate 320 under the impact of the refrigerant pulse can be reduced.
  • the boss side wall 310 can play a certain role as a reinforcing rib, which can limit the degree of deformation of the mounting plate 320 itself, thereby suppressing the deformation of the mounting plate 320 to enhance the structural strength of the mounting plate 320.
  • the mounting plate 320 of the end cover 3 has better anti-deformation ability and better structural rigidity.
  • the boss side wall 310 may be an inclined side wall rather than a vertical wall.
  • the boss side wall 310 is inclined toward one side of the axis of the end cover 3.
  • the acute angle ⁇ 1 between the inclined direction of the boss side wall 310 and the axis of the end cover 3 is smaller than the acute angle ⁇ 2 between the inclined direction of the transition section 200 and the axis of the end cover 3.
  • the boss side wall 310 is steeper than the transition section 200, and the steep setting can reduce the stress concentration.
  • the setting of the boss side wall 310 enables a smoother transition between the transition section 200 and the mounting plate 320, slowing down the speed at which the stress lines converge. In this way, the boss side wall 310 can, on the one hand, achieve a better transition with the transition section 200 to reduce stress concentration; on the other hand, it can better achieve deformation isolation between the transition section 200 and the mounting plate 320 .
  • the boss side wall 310 and the transition section 200 may also be transitionally connected via a third fillet Rd3 .
  • the boss side wall 310 may be a vertical wall, that is, the extension direction of the boss side wall 310 is parallel to the axis of the end cover 3 .
  • the boss side wall 310 and the transition section 200 may be transitionally connected via the third fillet Rd3, and the boss side wall 310 and the mounting plate 320 may be transitionally connected via the second fillet Rd2.
  • the minimum value of the distance between the outer surface of the mounting plate 320 and the outer surface of the transition section 200 is not greater than the sum of the radius of the second fillet Rd2 and the radius of the third fillet Rd3. In this way, the height of the boss side wall 310 may be avoided to be too large.
  • the minimum value of the distance between the outer surface of the mounting plate 320 and the outer surface of the transition section 200 may also be not less than the sum of the radius of the second fillet Rd2 and the radius of the third fillet Rd3.
  • a portion of the surface of the boss side wall 310 is used to form the second fillet Rd2, and another portion is used to form the third fillet Rd3.
  • the minimum value of the distance between the outer surface of the mounting plate 320 and the outer surface of the transition section 200 is not greater than the sum of the radius of the second fillet Rd2 and the radius of the third fillet Rd3.
  • the surface of the transition section 200 is close to being directly connected to the surface of the mounting plate 320, so that the minimum distance between the outer surface of the mounting plate 320 and the outer surface of the transition section 200 does not exceed the radius of the second fillet Rd2.
  • the boss side wall 310 is arranged with a variable height around the mounting plate 320; that is, the height of the boss side wall 310 gradually changes along the edge of the mounting plate 320. Further, at a local position of the boss portion 300, the height of the boss side wall 310 may be zero or close to zero. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the height of the boss side wall 310 refers to the dimension of the boss side wall 310 in a direction parallel to the axis of the end cap 3.
  • the height of the boss sidewall 310 gradually decreases.
  • the height of the boss sidewall 310 is zero.
  • the height of the boss sidewall 310 does not exceed the radius of the second rounded corner Rd2 .
  • the end surface of the transition section 200 close to the boss portion 300 is not located in the same plane, that is, the height of the transition section 200 can be gradually changed.
  • the height of the transition section 200 refers to the dimension of the transition section 200 in the direction parallel to the axis of the end cover 3.
  • the height of the transition section 200 is complementary to the height of the boss side wall 310; if the height of the transition section 200 is large, the height of the boss side wall 310 is correspondingly reduced, and vice versa.
  • the transition section 200 may be a spherical surface, and the boss portion 300 protrudes from the spherical surface and is connected to the spherical surface.
  • the transition section 200 may be a part of a spherical shell with a radius of R5. Further, the center of curvature of the spherical surface is located on the side of the spherical surface close to the connecting section 100.
  • the transition section 200 may also adopt a non-spherical arc surface, such as a conical surface, so as to ensure a smooth connection between the boss portion 300 and the connecting section 100 .
  • the height of the boss side wall 310 is smaller than the sum of the radius of the second fillet Rd2 and the radius of the third fillet Rd3, and in particular may be smaller than the radius of the second fillet Rd2.
  • the height of the boss sidewall 310 is greater than the sum of the radius of the second rounded corner Rd2 and the radius of the third rounded corner Rd3.
  • the boss sidewall 310 has a surface that is at least partially non-rounded.
  • the mounting plate 320 is elliptical, and the major axis direction of the ellipse is the first direction D1, that is, the length direction of the boss portion 300 , and the minor axis direction of the ellipse is the second direction D2, that is, the width direction of the boss portion 300 .
  • the mounting plate 320 is in an oblong shape, which includes a semicircle, a rectangle and a semicircle arranged in sequence along the first direction D1.
  • the length direction of the oblong shape is the first direction D1
  • the width direction of the oblong shape is the second direction D2.
  • the mounting plate 320 of the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be in other shapes, such as a spindle shape, a baseball shape, etc.
  • the boss side wall 310 may also surround the mounting plate 320 at the same height.
  • the end of the transition section 200 away from the connecting section 100 is located in the same plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the axis of the end cover 3, which makes the transition section 200 unable to be a body of revolution.
  • the transition section 200 can be an arcuate surface, for example, an arcuate surface with a variable curvature.
  • the transition section 200 can be an outward convex arcuate surface, that is, the center of curvature of the arcuate surface is located on the side of the arcuate surface close to the connecting section 100.
  • the mounting plate 320 may be provided with mounting holes 301 corresponding to each pipe 2.
  • the plurality of mounting holes 301 are arranged in a straight line along the first direction D1.
  • the plurality of mounting holes 301 may be arranged in a straight line or in other arrangements, such as a triangular arrangement.
  • the number of mounting holes 301 is two, and the two mounting holes 301 are arranged in a straight line along the first direction D1.
  • the direction of the line connecting the centers of the two mounting holes 301 is the first direction D1.
  • the first direction D1 passes through the geometric center of the end cover 3.
  • the perpendicular direction of the line connecting the centers of the two mounting holes 301 (and perpendicular to the axis of the end cover 3) is the second direction D2, and the second direction D2 passes through the geometric center of the end cover 3.
  • the boss portion 300 is provided with flanges 330 corresponding to each mounting hole 301 one by one, for example, the mounting plate 320 is provided with flanges 330.
  • the flanges 330 are arranged around the corresponding mounting holes 301. In this way, the flanges 330 can make the pipe 2 more stable when connected to the mounting hole 301.
  • the flanges 330 can be located on a side of the mounting plate 320 close to the connecting section 100; thus, in the multi-tube pressure vessel, the flanges 330 are located inside the multi-tube pressure vessel.
  • the flanges 330 can also be located on a side of the mounting plate 320 away from the connecting section 100; thus, in the multi-tube pressure vessel, the flanges 330 are located outside the multi-tube pressure vessel.
  • the flange 330 is transitionally connected to the hole wall of the mounting hole 301 via a first fillet Rd1 ; wherein the inner hole diameter of the flange 330 is d1 , and the radius of the first fillet Rd1 is R1 .
  • the dimension W of the boss portion 300 in the second direction D2 is not less than d1+2*R1, so as to ensure that the mounting plate 320 has a sufficient dimension to arrange the mounting holes 301 .
  • the dimension between the centers of the two mounting holes 301 is d2, and d2 is greater than d1 to ensure that the two mounting holes 301 are separated from each other.
  • the smaller the difference between d2 and d1 the smaller the dimension of the mounting plate 320 in the first direction D1 can be, which is more conducive to reducing the area of the mounting plate 320, improving the rigidity of the end cover 3 and reducing the deformation of the end cover 3.
  • d2 d1 + 2 * R1. In this way, the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 301 is the smallest, and the deformation resistance of the end cover 3 is optimal.
  • R1 is very small compared to d1 and d2, d1 is substantially equal to d2.
  • the dimension L of the mounting plate 320 in the first direction D1 is greater than d2 + d1 + 2R1 , so that the mounting plate 320 has a sufficient length to accommodate the two mounting holes 301 and the first rounded corners Rd1 around the two mounting holes 301 .
  • L d2+d1+2R1.
  • the mounting plate 320 has a shorter length, which is beneficial to reducing the deformation.
  • the number of the mounting holes 301 is two; the first direction D1 is the length direction of the boss portion 300, The second direction D2 is the width direction of the boss portion 300.
  • L is the length of the boss portion 300, and W is the width of the boss portion 300.
  • W and L satisfy the following relationship: 1.4 ⁇ L/W ⁇ 2.5.
  • the mounting plate 320 can have a suitable aspect ratio, which is beneficial to suppress the deformation of the mounting plate 320 and increase the rigidity of the mounting plate 320.
  • FIG11 shows the deformation of the end cap 3 of the multi-tube pressure vessel of the embodiment of the present disclosure under different dimension coefficients K under an internal pressure of 4.5 MPa.
  • the end cap 3 of the embodiment of the present disclosure has a suitable dimension coefficient K so that the deformation of the end cap 3 is reduced. Specifically, when 1.4 ⁇ K ⁇ 2.5, the deformation of the end cap 3 does not exceed 0.1 mm.
  • FIG12 shows a comparison of deformation and stress between the end cap 3 of the existing multi-tube pressure vessel and the end cap 3 of the multi-tube pressure vessel of the present embodiment under an internal pressure of 4.5 MPa.
  • FIG12 it can be seen that under an internal pressure of 4.5 MPa, the deformation of the end cap 3 of the existing multi-tube pressure vessel reaches 2.2 mm, while the deformation of the end cap 3 of the multi-tube pressure vessel of the embodiment of the present disclosure is less than 0.1 mm.
  • the stress of the end cap 3 of the existing multi-tube pressure vessel reaches 330 MPa, while the stress of the end cap 3 of the multi-tube pressure vessel of the embodiment of the present disclosure is only 200 MPa.
  • the end cap 3 of the embodiment of the present disclosure increases the rigidity of the end cap 3 by setting the boss portion 300 and reducing the size of the mounting plate 320, and reduces the axial deformation of the end cap 3 when the end cap 3 is subjected to the internal pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the stress of the end cap 3 of the embodiment of the present disclosure is also significantly reduced, and the internal pressure resistance strength is improved.
  • the pressure-resistant stiffness of the end cover 3 is improved, the amplitude of the multi-tube pressure vessel is reduced under the repeated pulsating pressure of the refrigerant, thereby improving the mechanical noise.
  • the fatigue life of the multi-tube pressure vessel is limited by the fatigue life of the end cover 3.
  • the end cover 3 of the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantages of high stiffness, small deformation and small stress generated, which can reduce the mechanical noise of the multi-tube pressure vessel and extend the fatigue life.
  • the connecting section 100 is used to connect with the open end of the shell 1 of the multi-tube pressure vessel, and its shape can match the shape of the open end of the shell 1. Further, the size of the boss portion 300 in the first direction D1 does not exceed the size of the transition section 200 in the first direction D1.
  • the open end of the shell 1 is a cylindrical structure, so the portion where the connecting section 100 is connected to the shell 1 is generally a cylindrical structure. Further, the connecting section 100 and the open end of the shell 1 can be connected by welding.
  • the end cap 3 is an inner sleeve type end cap 3.
  • the connecting section 100 may be a connecting section 100 of equal diameter; the connecting section 100 may be inserted into the housing 1 and matched with the inner side wall of the housing 1 and connected by welding. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the connecting section 100 may be the same as the inner diameter of the housing.
  • the end cover 3 is a jacket-type end cover 3.
  • the connecting section 100 may include a first connecting section 110 and a second connecting section 120 sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the end cover 3, and the first connecting section 110 is located on a side of the second connecting section 120 away from the transition section 200.
  • the diameter of the first connecting section 110 is greater than the diameter of the second connecting section 120.
  • the first connecting section 110 may be sleeved outside the shell 1 and welded to the shell 1.
  • the inner diameter of the first connecting section 110 may be the same as the outer diameter of the shell 1.
  • the inner diameter of the first connecting section 110 may be the same as the outer diameter of the housing 1
  • the outer diameter of the second connecting section 120 may be the same as the inner diameter of the housing 1 .
  • the first connecting section 110 and the second connecting section 120 can be smoothly transitioned and connected, for example, by an outward expansion transition section 130.
  • the outward expansion radius of the outward expansion transition section 130 between the first connecting section 110 and the second connecting section 120 is between 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm, for example, 3.5 mm.
  • D is the outer diameter of the shell 1
  • tg is the wall thickness of the first connecting section 110.
  • the shell 1 may also be a hollow shell of other shapes.
  • the shape of the connecting section 100 can be changed accordingly according to the shape of the shell 1 so that the shape of the shell 1 matches the shape of the connecting section 100.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种多接管压力容器和用于多接管压力容器的端盖。端盖包括依次连接的连接段(100)、过渡段(200)和凸台部(300)；其中，沿端盖(3)的轴向，凸台部(300)高出于过渡段(200)设置，凸台部(300)设置有多个用于安装接管(2)的安装孔(301)；凸台部(300)在第一方向(D1)上的尺寸L大于在第二方向(D2)上的尺寸W；第一方向(D1)和第二方向(D2)均垂直于端盖(3)的轴线，且第一方向(D1)与第二方向(D2)垂直。该端盖(3)能够提高强度。

Description

端盖及多接管压力容器
本公开要求于2023年03月28日提交的申请号为202310319124.5、名称为“端盖及多接管压力容器”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种端盖及多接管压力容器。
背景技术
多接管压力容器，如气液分离器、储液器等，是制冷系统中一个重要的部件，多接管压力容器通常安装在蒸发器与压缩机之间，以用于存储冷媒、气液分离，保证被吸入压缩机的为气相介质，防止液相介质被吸入压缩机工作腔形成液击，同时还具有过滤杂质的作用。
多接管压力容器包括壳体、端盖和接管。壳体远离蒸发器的一端为敞口结构，端盖盖设于敞口处并与壳体连接；接管的一端穿过端盖并伸入壳体中，接管的另一端与压缩机连接。由蒸发器流入多接管压力容器的冷媒介质包括气态冷媒介质与液态冷媒介质，气态冷媒介质通过接管流回压缩机中，液体冷媒介质则储存于壳体内。如图1所示，相关技术中，端盖包括依次设置的连接段010、过渡段020和安装板030，所述安装板030位于过渡段020远离所述连接段010的一侧，且呈圆形设置。安装板030上设置有与各个接管对应的安装孔040，接管穿设于对应的安装孔040中。
多接管压力容器在冷媒脉动冲击下产生的机械振动噪音以及其疲劳寿命，这与端盖的强度密切相关。相关技术中，还可以将端盖的厚度增大以提高结构强度；然而，端盖厚度增大会导致加工困难。
因此，在不增加端盖厚度的情况下开发具有更高强度的端盖具有重要意义。
需要说明的是，在上述背景技术部分公开的信息仅用于加强对本公开的背景的理解，因此可以包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种多接管压力容器和端盖，用于提高端盖的强度。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种端盖，用于多接管压力容器；所述端盖包括依次连接的连接段、过渡段和凸台部；
其中，沿所述端盖的轴向，所述凸台部凸出于所述过渡段设置，所述凸台部设置有 多个用于安装接管的安装孔；所述凸台部在第一方向上的尺寸L大于在第二方向上的尺寸W；所述第一方向和所述第二方向均垂直于所述端盖的轴线，且所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述凸台部包括安装板和凸台侧壁；所述凸台侧壁与所述过渡段连接，且所述凸台侧壁向远离所述连接段的方向延伸形成预设尺寸；所述安装板覆盖在所述凸台侧壁远离所述连接段侧的开口端且与所述端盖的轴线垂直，所述安装孔设置于所述安装板。
根据本公开的一个实施例，沿着所述安装板的边缘，所述凸台侧壁的高度渐变。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述凸台侧壁在所述凸台部的第一方向一端的高度，大于所述凸台侧壁在所述凸台部的第二方向一端的高度。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述安装板和所述凸台侧壁之间通过第二圆角过渡；
所述安装板的外表面与所述过渡段的外表面之间的距离的最小值，不超过所述第二圆角的半径；
或者，所述安装板和所述凸台侧壁之间通过第二圆角过渡，所述凸台侧壁与所述过渡段之间通过第三圆角过渡，所述安装板的外表面与所述过渡段的外表面之间的距离的最小值，不小于所述第二圆角的半径和所述第三圆角的半径之和。
根据本公开的一个实施例，沿从所述连接段至所述凸台部的方向，所述凸台侧壁向所述端盖的轴线一侧倾斜，所述凸台侧壁的倾斜方向与所述端盖轴线之间的锐角夹角小于所述过渡段的倾斜方向与所述端盖轴线之间的锐角夹角。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述凸台部设有翻边，所述翻边围设于对应的所述安装孔处，且所述翻边与所述安装孔的孔壁之间通过第一圆角过渡连接；其中，所述翻边的内孔直径为d1，所述第一圆角的半径为R1；
其中，所述凸台部在所述第二方向上的尺寸W不小于d1+2*R1。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述第一方向为所述凸台部的长度方向，所述第二方向为所述凸台部的宽度方向；W和L满足如下关系：1.4≤L/W≤2.5。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述过渡段呈弧形面或者球形面。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种多接管压力容器，包括上述的端盖；所述多接管压力容器还包括壳体和接管；
所述壳体的一端敞口设置，所述端盖的连接段与所述壳体的敞口端连接；所述接管穿设于所述安装孔。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述其示例实施方式，本公开的上述和其它特征及优点将变得更加明显。
图1为现有技术中，端盖的结构示意图。
图2为本公开一种实施方式中，多接管压力容器的结构示意图。
图3为本公开一种实施方式中，端盖的立体结构示意图。
图4为本公开一种实施方式中，端盖的立体结构示意图。
图5为本公开一种实施方式中，端盖的立体结构示意图。
图6为图5所示例的端盖沿其轴线和第二方向所在平面剖切的结构示意图，该图6还示意了端盖与壳体之间的连接方式。
图7为图5所示例的端盖沿第二方向的侧视结构示意图。
图8为图5所示例的端盖沿其轴线和第一方向所在平面剖切的结构示意图，该图8还示意了端盖与壳体之间的连接方式。
图9为图5所示例的端盖沿第一方向的侧视结构示意图。
图10为图5所示例的端盖的仰视结构示意图。
图11为本公开一种实施方式中，不同尺寸系数下端盖的变形量变化图。
图12为本公开一种实施方式中，本公开的端盖与现有的端盖，在变形量和应力方面的差异图。
附图标记说明：
010、连接段；020、过渡段；030、安装板；040、安装孔；
1、壳体；2、接管；3、端盖；100、连接段；110、第一连接段；120、第二连接段；130、外扩过渡段；200、过渡段；300、凸台部；301、安装孔；310、凸台侧壁；320、安装板；330、翻边；D1、第一方向；D2、第二方向；Rd1、第一圆角；Rd2、第二圆角；Rd3、第三圆角；Rd4、第四圆角。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式。虽然本说明书中使用相对性的用语，例如“上”、“下”来描述图标的一个组件对于另一组件的相对关系，但是这些术语用于本说明书中仅出于方便，例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。能理解的是，如果将图标的装置翻转使其上下颠倒，则所叙述在“上”的组件将会成为在“下”的组件。其他相对性的用语，例如“顶”、“底”等也作具有类似含义。当某结构在其它结构“上”时，有可能是指某结构一体形成于其它结构上，或指某结构“直接”设置在其它结构上，或指某结构通过另一结构“间接”设置在其它结构上。
用语“一个”、“一”、“该”和“所述”用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等；用语“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/ 等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等；用语“第一”、“第二”等仅作为标记使用，不是对其对象的数量限制。
本公开实施方式提供一种多接管压力容器，尤其是提供该多接管压力容器的端盖3。在本公开实施方式中，多接管压力容器可以为气液分离器、储液器或者其他具有多个接管的压力容器。
以该多接管压力容器为应用于制冷系统(例如空调系统)中的气液分离器为例，对该多接管压力容器做示例性介绍。该多接管压力容器作为气液分离器，可以安装在蒸发器与压缩机之间，以用于存储冷媒、气液分离。参考图2，本公开实施方式的多接管压力容器包括壳体1、固定板(图2中未示出)、端盖3和至少两根接管2。壳体1的一端敞口设置，端盖3盖设于敞口处并与壳体1连接。固定板安装于壳体1内，接管2一端固定在固定板上，另一端穿出端盖3外并与压缩机连接。固定板上还可以开设通孔，由蒸发器流入多接管压力容器的冷媒介质中气态冷媒介质通过接管2流回压缩机中，液体冷媒介质则经通孔流下后，储存于壳体1内。
如图3～图10所示，端盖3包括依次连接的连接段100、过渡段200和凸台部300；其中，沿端盖3的轴向，凸台部300凸出于过渡段200设置。凸台部300设置有多个用于安装接管2的安装孔301，在一个实施例中，多个安装孔301可以沿第一方向D1直线排列；凸台部300在第一方向D1上的尺寸L大于在第二方向D2上的尺寸W；第一方向D1和第二方向D2均垂直于端盖3的轴线。
在本公开实施方式中，端盖3不再采用圆形安装板来固定接管2，而是采用非圆形的凸台部300固定接管2。该凸台部300在第二方向D2上的尺寸W比在第一方向D1的尺寸L小，这利于减小凸台部300的平面尺寸，进而提升凸台部300的刚度并减小凸台部300在冷媒脉冲冲击下的变形。如此，端盖3的刚度提升，使端盖3在冲击下的变形降低，可以提升端盖3的疲劳寿命并降低端盖3在冲击载荷下变形而产生的机械噪音，进而提高多接管压力容器的疲劳寿命和降低机械噪音，提升多接管压力容器的品质。
在一种示例中，第一方向D1和第二方向D2相互垂直。
在一种示例中，凸台部300的长度方向为第一方向D1；凸台部300的宽度方向为第二方向D2。其中，凸台部300在垂直于端盖3的轴线的方向上所具有的最大尺寸为该凸台部300的长度，该长度对应的方向为凸台部300的长度方向。如此，凸台部300在第一方向D1上的尺寸L为凸台的长度。凸台部300在垂直于端盖3的轴线的方向上所具有的最小尺寸为该凸台部300的宽度，该宽度对应的方向为凸台部300的宽度方向。如此，凸台部300在第二方向D2上的尺寸W为凸台的宽度。
如下，就本公开实施方式的端盖3的结构、原理和效果做进一步的解释和说明。
参见图3～图5，沿端盖3的轴线方向，端盖3包括依次连接的连接段100、过渡段200和凸台部300。在本公开的实施方式中，凸台部300包括安装板320和凸台侧壁310。 凸台侧壁310与过渡段200连接，且凸台侧壁310向远离连接段100的方向延伸形成预设尺寸；安装板320覆盖在凸台侧壁310远离连接段100侧的开口端且与端盖3的轴线垂直。其中，安装板320上设置有用于安装接管2的安装孔301。
在该实施方式中，安装板320与过渡段200之间没有直接连接，而是通过凸台侧壁310进行间接连接。一方面，过渡段200在冷媒脉冲冲击下的结构变形可以间接传导至安装板320，因此可以降低安装板320在冷媒脉冲冲击下的变形。另一方面，凸台侧壁310可以发挥一定的加强筋作用，能够限定安装板320本身的变形程度，进而抑制安装板320的变形量，以增强安装板320的结构强度。相较于安装板320与过渡段200直接连接的方式，该端盖3的安装板320具有更好的抗变形能力和更好的结构刚度。
在本公开的一种实施方式中，参见图5和图6，凸台侧壁310可以为倾斜设置的侧壁而非竖壁。举例而言，沿从连接段100至凸台部300的方向，凸台侧壁310向端盖3的轴线一侧倾斜。进一步的，凸台侧壁310的倾斜方向与端盖3轴线之间的锐角夹角θ1，夹角θ1小于过渡段200的倾斜方向与端盖3轴线之间的锐角夹角θ2。换言之，相较于过渡段200和安装板320直接连接的方案，采用凸台侧壁310相较于过渡段200更陡峭的方式，陡峭的设置可以降低该应力集中。凸台侧壁310的设置，使得过渡段200与安装板320之间能够更平滑的过渡，减缓应力线的收拢速度。如此，该凸台侧壁310一方面可以与过渡段200之间较好的过渡，减少应力集中；另一方面可以较好的实现过渡段200和安装板320之间的变形隔离。
在该实施方式的一种示例中，参见图6，凸台侧壁310与过渡段200之间，还可以通过第三圆角Rd3过渡连接。
当然的，在本公开的其他实施方式中，凸台侧壁310可以为竖壁，即凸台侧壁310的延伸方向与端盖3的轴线平行。
在该实施方式的一种实施方式，参见图6-图7，凸台侧壁310与过渡段200之间可以通过第三圆角Rd3过渡连接，凸台侧壁310与安装板320之间可以通过第二圆角Rd2过渡连接。安装板320的外表面与过渡段200的外表面之间的距离的最小值，不大于第二圆角Rd2的半径和第三圆角Rd3的半径的和。如此，可以避免凸台侧壁310的高度太大。当然的，在本公开的其他实施方式中，安装板320的外表面与过渡段200的外表面之间的距离的最小值，也可以不小于第二圆角Rd2的半径和第三圆角Rd3的半径之和。
举例而言，参见图4，凸台侧壁310的表面一部分被用于形成第二圆角Rd2，另外一部分被用于形成第三圆角Rd3。此时，安装板320的外表面与过渡段200的外表面之间的距离的最小值，不大于第二圆角Rd2的半径和第三圆角Rd3的半径的和。
再举例而言，在一种示例中，参见图3和图5，在安装板320的第二方向D2一端的端部，过渡段200的表面接近与安装板320的表面直接连接，使得安装板320的外表面与过渡段200的外表面之间的距离的最小值，不超过第二圆角Rd2的半径。
在本公开的另外一种实施方式中，参见图3和图5，凸台侧壁310环绕安装板320变高度设置；即沿着安装板320的边缘，凸台侧壁310的高度渐变。进一步的，在凸台部300的局部位置，凸台侧壁310的高度可以为零或者接近为零。在本公开实施方式中，凸台侧壁310的高度是指，凸台侧壁310在平行于端盖3的轴线方向上的尺寸。
举例而言，沿着从凸台部300的第一方向D1一端的端部至第二方向D2一端的端部的方向，凸台侧壁310的高度逐渐降低。
在一种示例中，在凸台部300的第二方向D2一端的端部，凸台侧壁310的高度为零。
在另一示例中，在凸台部300的第二方向D2一端的端部，凸台侧壁310的高度不超过第二圆角Rd2的半径尺寸。
在该实施方式中，过渡段200靠近凸台部300的端面不位于同一平面，即过渡段200的高度可以渐变。这使得该过渡段200不能呈回旋体。在本公开实施方式中，过渡段200的高度是指，过渡段200在平行于端盖3的轴线方向上的尺寸。例如，过渡段200的高度与凸台侧壁310的高度互补；过渡段200的高度大，则凸台侧壁310的高度相应的减小，反之亦然。
在一种示例中，参见图8和图9，过渡段200可以为球形面，凸台部300凸出于该球形面上并与该球形面相连接。例如，该过渡段200可以为半径为R5的球形壳体的一部分。进一步的，该球形面的曲率中心位于球形面靠近连接段100的一侧。
当然的，在该实施方式中，过渡段200也可以采用非球面的弧形面，例如采用锥形面，以使得凸台部300与连接段100之间平滑连接为准。
在一种示例中，在靠近凸台部300的第二方向D2的端部的位置处，凸台侧壁310的高度小于第二圆角Rd2的半径和第三圆角Rd3的半径的和，尤其是可以小于第二圆角Rd2的半径。
在一种示例中，在靠近凸台部300的第一方向D1的端部的位置处，凸台侧壁310的高度大于第二圆角Rd2的半径和第三圆角Rd3的半径的和。如此，该凸台侧壁310具有至少部分非圆角化的表面。
在一种示例中，安装板320呈椭圆形，椭圆形的长轴方向为第一方向D1，即凸台部300的长度方向。椭圆形的短轴方向为第二方向D2，即凸台部300的宽度方向。
在另一种示例中，安装板320呈长圆形，该长圆形包括位于沿第一方向D1依次设置的半圆形、矩形和半圆形。该长圆形的长度方向，即为第一方向D1；该长圆形的宽度方向，即为第二方向D2。
当然的，可以理解的是，本公开实施方式的安装板320也可以为其他形状，例如纺锥形、棒球形等。
当然的，在本公开的其他实施方式中，凸台侧壁310环绕安装板320也可以等高度 设置。如此，过渡段200远离连接段100的端部位于同一平面，且该平面垂直于端盖3的轴线，这使得该过渡段200不能呈回旋体。进一步的，过渡段200可以为弧形面，例如可以为变曲率的弧形面。进一步的，该过渡段200可以为外凸型弧形面，即该弧形面的曲率中心位于该弧形面靠近连接段100的一侧。
在本公开实施方式中，安装板320上可以设置有与各个接管2一一对应的安装孔301。在一种示例中，多个安装孔301沿第一方向D1直线排列。当然的，可以理解的是，当安装孔301的数量为三个以上时，多个安装孔301既可以按照直线排列，也可以呈其他排列方式，例如呈三角形排列。
在一种示例中，安装孔301的数量为两个，两个安装孔301沿第一方向D1直线排列。在该示例中，两个安装孔301中心的连线方向为第一方向D1。进一步的，第一方向D1穿过端盖3的几何中心。两个安装孔301中心的连线方向的垂直方向(且垂直于端盖3轴线)为第二方向D2，该第二方向D2穿过端盖3的几何中心。
在本公开的一种实施方式中，参见图6，凸台部300设有与各个安装孔301一一对应的翻边330，例如安装板320设置有翻边330。翻边330围设于对应的安装孔301处。如此，该翻边330可以使得接管2在与安装孔301连接时更稳定。在该实施方式中，翻边330可以位于安装板320靠近连接段100的一侧；这样，在多接管压力容器中，翻边330位于多接管压力容器内部。当然的，在本公开的其他实施方式中，翻边330也可以位于安装板320远离连接段100的一侧；这样，在多接管压力容器中，翻边330位于多接管压力容器的外部。
进一步的，如图6所示，翻边330与安装孔301的孔壁之间通过第一圆角Rd1过渡连接；其中，翻边330的内孔直径为d1，第一圆角Rd1的半径为R1。
参见图10，凸台部300在第二方向D2上的尺寸W不小于d1+2*R1，如此保证安装板320具有足够的尺寸来布设安装孔301。
在该实施方式中，两个安装孔301的中心之间的尺寸为d2，该d2大于d1，以保证两个安装孔301相互分离。可以理解的是，d2与d1之间的差异越小，则安装板320在第一方向D1上的尺寸可以越小，越利于减小安装板320的面积，提高端盖3的刚度和降低端盖3的变形。在一种示例中，d2＝d1+2*R1。这样，相邻两个安装孔301之间的间距最小，此时端盖3的抗变形能力最优。在该示例中，由于R1相较于d1和d2很小，因此d1基本等于d2。
在该实施方式中，安装板320在第一方向D1上的尺寸L＞d2+d1+2R1，以使得安装板320具有够的长度来容置两个安装孔301以及两个安装孔301周围的第一圆角Rd1。
在一种示例中，L＝d2+d1+2R1。此时，安装板320具有较小的长度，利于降低变形量。尤其是在d2＝d1+2*R1时，安装板320的长度进一步压缩，使得其变形量最小。
在一种示例中，安装孔301的数量为两个；第一方向D1为凸台部300的长度方向， 第二方向D2为凸台部300的宽度方向。这样，L为凸台部300的长度，W为凸台部300的宽度。在该示例中，可以定义尺寸系数K＝L/W。其中，W和L满足如下关系：1.4≤L/W≤2.5。如此，可以使得安装板320具有适宜的长宽比，利于抑制安装板320的变形和增加安装板320的刚度。不仅如此，在设置两个安装孔301的情况下，也利于使得安装板320具有更小的面积，降低安装板320所承受的冷媒脉冲冲击。
图11给出了在承受4.5MPa内压下，本公开实施方式的多接管压力容器的端盖3在具有不同的尺寸系数K的情况下，变形量的大小。根据图11可以看出，当尺寸系数逐渐增大时，端盖3多接管压力容器的变形量逐渐减小，变形量的最低点在K＝2附近；在变形量达到最小值后，随着K的增大，变形量开始升高。因此，本公开实施方式的端盖3存在适宜的尺寸系数K，以使得端盖3的变形量减小。具体的，当1.4≤K≤2.5时，端盖3的变形量不超过0.1毫米。
图12中给出了在承受4.5MPa内压下，现有的多接管压力容器的端盖3和本实施方式的多接管压力容器的端盖3在变形量和应力的对比。根据图12可以看出，在承受4.5MPa内压下，现有的多接管压力容器的端盖3的变形量达到2.2毫米，而本公开实施方式的多接管压力容器的端盖3的变形量不足0.1毫米。在承受4.5MPa内压下，现有的多接管压力容器的端盖3的应力达到330MPa，而本公开实施方式的多接管压力容器的端盖3的应力仅200MPa。这表明，本公开实施方式的端盖3通过设置凸台部300并减小安装板320的大小，增加了端盖3刚度，减小了端盖3在承受冷媒内压时轴向变形量。同时，本公开实施方式的端盖3的应力也明显减小，抗内压强度得到提高。另外，随着端盖3耐压刚度的提升，在冷媒反复脉动压力下，多接管压力容器振幅减小，从而改善机械噪声。不仅如此，相关技术中，多接管压力容器的疲劳寿命受限于端盖3的疲劳寿命。在该实施方式中，通过提供端盖3的刚度，可以改善端盖3的疲劳寿命。因此，本公开实施方式的端盖3具有刚度高、变形小且所产生的应力小的优势，能够使得多接管压力容器的机械噪音降低、疲劳寿命延长。
在本公开实施方式中，连接段100用于与多接管压力容器的壳体1的敞口端连接，其形状可以与壳体1敞口端的形状相匹配。进一步的，凸台部300在第一方向D1上的尺寸不超过过渡段200在第一方向D1上的尺寸。
可选的，壳体1的敞口端为筒状结构，因此连接段100与壳体1连接的部分一般以为圆筒状结构。进一步的，连接段100与壳体1的敞口端可以焊接连接。
在本公开的一种实施方式中，参见图3，端盖3为内套型端盖3。该连接段100可以为等直径的连接段100；连接段100可以插入壳体1内并与壳体1的内侧壁配合并通过焊接连接。进一步的，连接段100的外径可以与壳体的内径相同。
在该实施方式中，如图6所示，L≤D-2*tt。其中，D为壳体1的外直径；tt为壳体的壁厚，L为凸台部300的长度。
在本公开的另一种实施方式中，参见图4～图10，端盖3为外套型端盖3。连接段100可以包括沿端盖3的轴线方向依次设置的第一连接段110和第二连接段120，第一连接段110位于第二连接段120远离过渡段200的一侧。其中，第一连接段110的直径大于第二连接段120的直径。在多接管压力容器中，第一连接段110可以套设在壳体1外并与壳体1焊接连接。进一步的，第一连接段110的内径可以与壳体1的外径相同。
在该实施方式的一种示例中，第一连接段110的内径可以与壳体1的外径相同，第二连接段120的外径可以与壳体1的内径相同。
在该实施方式的一种示例中，第一连接段110和第二连接段120之间可以平滑过渡连接，例如通过外扩过渡段130连接。进一步的，第一连接段110和第二连接段120之间的外扩过渡段130的外扩半径，在3.0mm～4.0mm之间，例如为3.5mm。如此，既利于端盖3的装配又利于降低端盖3的物料成本。在该示例中，如图6所示，L≤D+2*(tg-R4)。其中，D为壳体1的外直径；tg为第一连接段110的壁厚。
当然，在本公开的其他实施方式中，壳体1也可能为其他形状的中空壳体，此时连接段100的形状可以根据壳体1的形状进行相适应的改变，以使得壳体1的形状与连接段100的形状相匹配为准。
应可理解的是，本公开不将其应用限制到本说明书提出的部件的详细结构和布置方式。本公开能够具有其他实施方式，并且能够以多种方式实现并且执行。前述变形形式和修改形式落在本公开的范围内。应可理解的是，本说明书公开和限定的本公开延伸到文中和/或附图中提到或明显的两个或两个以上单独特征的所有可替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成本公开的多个可替代方面。本说明书所述的实施方式说明了已知用于实现本公开的最佳方式，并且将使本领域技术人员能够利用本公开。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种端盖，用于多接管压力容器；其特征在于，所述端盖包括依次连接的连接段、过渡段和凸台部；
    其中，沿所述端盖的轴向，所述凸台部凸出于所述过渡段设置，所述凸台部设置有多个用于安装接管的安装孔；所述凸台部在第一方向上的尺寸L大于在第二方向上的尺寸W；所述第一方向和所述第二方向均垂直于所述端盖的轴线，且所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述凸台部包括安装板和凸台侧壁；所述凸台侧壁与所述过渡段连接，且所述凸台侧壁向远离所述连接段的方向延伸形成预设尺寸；所述安装板覆盖在所述凸台侧壁远离所述连接段侧的开口端且与所述端盖的轴线垂直，所述安装孔设置于所述安装板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖，其特征在于，沿着所述安装板的边缘，所述凸台侧壁的高度渐变。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述凸台侧壁在所述凸台部的第一方向一端的高度大于所述凸台侧壁在所述凸台部的第二方向一端的高度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述安装板和所述凸台侧壁之间通过第二圆角过渡；
    所述安装板的外表面与所述过渡段的外表面之间的距离的最小值不超过所述第二圆角的半径；
    或者，所述安装板和所述凸台侧壁之间通过第二圆角过渡，所述凸台侧壁与所述过渡段之间通过第三圆角过渡，所述安装板的外表面与所述过渡段的外表面之间的距离的最小值不小于所述第二圆角的半径和所述第三圆角的半径之和；
    或者，所述安装板和所述凸台侧壁之间通过第二圆角过渡，所述凸台侧壁与所述过渡段之间通过第三圆角过渡，所述安装板的外表面与所述过渡段的外表面之间的距离的最小值不大于所述第二圆角的半径和所述第三圆角的半径之和。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖，其特征在于，沿从所述连接段至所述凸台部的方向，所述凸台侧壁向所述端盖的轴线一侧倾斜，所述凸台侧壁的倾斜方向与所述端盖轴线之间的锐角夹角小于所述过渡段的倾斜方向与所述端盖轴线之间的锐角夹角。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任意一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述凸台部设有翻边，所述翻边围设于对应的所述安装孔处，且所述翻边与所述安装孔的孔壁之间通过第一圆角过渡连接；其中，所述翻边的内孔直径为d1，所述第一圆角的半径为R1；
    其中，所述凸台部在所述第二方向上的尺寸W不小于d1+2*R1。
  8. 根据权利要求1～6任意一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述第一方向为所述凸台部的长度方向，所述第二方向为所述凸台部的宽度方向；W和L满足如下关系：1.4≤L/W ≤2.5。
  9. 根据权利要求1～6任意一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述过渡段呈弧形面或者球形面。
  10. 一种多接管压力容器，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～9任意一项所述的端盖；所述多接管压力容器还包括壳体和接管；
    所述壳体的一端敞口设置，所述端盖的连接段与所述壳体的敞口端连接；所述接管穿设于所述安装孔。
PCT/CN2024/084353 2023-03-28 2024-03-28 端盖及多接管压力容器 Ceased WO2024199339A1 (zh)

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