WO2024103899A1 - 电芯及电池 - Google Patents

电芯及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024103899A1
WO2024103899A1 PCT/CN2023/115470 CN2023115470W WO2024103899A1 WO 2024103899 A1 WO2024103899 A1 WO 2024103899A1 CN 2023115470 W CN2023115470 W CN 2023115470W WO 2024103899 A1 WO2024103899 A1 WO 2024103899A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core
current collector
pole piece
core stack
stack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/115470
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王永旺
许德胜
Original Assignee
珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202223067161.1U external-priority patent/CN219144249U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202223067153.7U external-priority patent/CN218827335U/zh
Application filed by 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 filed Critical 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024103899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024103899A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell and a battery.
  • Lithium-ion button batteries that can be recharged repeatedly have been gradually applied to various fields of people's daily life, such as wearable products, computer products, medical products, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell and a battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, comprising: a first stacked core and a second stacked core, wherein the first stacked core and the second stacked core each comprise a plurality of first pole sheets and second pole sheets that are staggered and stacked, and a projection of the first stacked core on a plane parallel to the plurality of first pole sheets is within a projection range of the second stacked core on a plane parallel to the plurality of first pole sheets.
  • the first stacked core and the second stacked core both include a plurality of first pole tabs and a plurality of second pole tabs, and the projections of the plurality of first pole tabs included in the first stacked core and the plurality of first pole tabs included in the second stacked core on a plane parallel to the plurality of first pole sheets have an overlapping area, and/or the projections of the plurality of second pole tabs included in the first stacked core and the plurality of second pole tabs included in the second stacked core on a plane parallel to the plurality of first pole sheets also have an overlapping area.
  • the battery cell further includes: a shell encapsulating the first core stack and the second core stack.
  • each second pole piece includes a second current collector and a second polar active layer coated on the surface of the second current collector
  • the second current collector of the second pole piece of the second core stack close to the first core stack includes a first part arranged opposite to the first pole piece of the first core stack close to the second core stack and a second part connected to the first part
  • the second polar active layer includes a part formed on the first part
  • a protective layer is provided on the surface of the second part close to the first core stack.
  • the protective layer includes blue glue and/or green glue.
  • the second polarity active layer also includes a portion located between the second portion and the protective layer.
  • each first pole piece includes a first current collector and a first polar active layer coated on a surface of the first current collector, and the first current collector of the first pole piece of the first core stack close to the second core stack is arranged opposite to the first current collector of the first pole piece of the second core stack close to the first core stack.
  • the first current collector of the first pole piece of the first core stack close to the second core stack is bonded together with the first current collector of the first pole piece of the second core stack close to the first core stack by any one of hot melt adhesive, polypropylene adhesive and double-sided adhesive.
  • each first pole piece includes a first current collector and a first polarity active layer coated on the surface of the first current collector
  • each second pole piece includes a second current collector and a second polarity active layer coated on the surface of the second current collector
  • the first polarity active layer of the first pole piece of the first core stack close to the second core stack is arranged opposite to the second polarity active layer of the second pole piece of the second core stack close to the first core stack.
  • the battery cell further includes: a fifth diaphragm bonded to the first pole piece of the first core stack close to the second core stack, and the fifth diaphragm is bonded as a whole to the second polarity active layer of the second core stack close to the first core stack.
  • the first pole piece of the first core stack facing away from the second core stack includes a first current collector and a first polar active layer coated on a surface of the first current collector on a side close to the second core stack.
  • the battery cell further includes: a first separator bonded to a first polar active layer coated on a surface of the first current collector on one side close to the second core stack.
  • the first pole piece of the second core stack facing away from the first core stack includes a first current collector and a first polar active layer coated on a surface of the first current collector on one side close to the first core stack.
  • the battery cell further includes: a second separator bonded to the first polarity active layer coated on a surface of the first current collector on one side close to the first stacked core.
  • a projection of at least one side of the first core stack on a plane parallel to the plurality of first pole pieces coincides with a projection of at least one side of the second core stack on a plane parallel to the plurality of first pole pieces.
  • the first stacked core and the second stacked core both include a plurality of first pole tabs and a plurality of second pole tabs, each first pole sheet includes a first current collector, and an insulating layer is provided in an area of the first current collector close to one end of the corresponding first pole tab.
  • the battery cell further includes: a plurality of composite units, each composite unit including a third diaphragm, a first pole piece, a fourth diaphragm, and a second pole piece stacked in sequence.
  • a portion of the third diaphragm extending beyond the first pole piece is bonded to a portion of the fourth diaphragm extending beyond the first pole piece.
  • the first pole piece is a positive pole piece; and the second pole piece is a negative pole piece.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, which includes a battery cell as mentioned in any of the above embodiments and a shell including the battery cell.
  • the first pole piece of the first core stack facing away from the second core stack includes a first current collector, and the first current collector is arranged opposite to the shell, and/or the first pole piece of the second core stack facing away from the first core stack includes a first current collector, and the first current collector is arranged opposite to the shell.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, which includes: a first stacked core and a second stacked core, wherein the first stacked core and the second stacked core each include a plurality of first pole pieces and second pole pieces arranged in an alternating manner, and the projection of the first stacked core on a plane parallel to the first pole piece is within the projection range of the second stacked core on a plane parallel to the first pole piece.
  • the present application stacks first stacked cores and second stacked cores of different sizes so that the projection of the first stacked core on the above plane is within the projection range of the second stacked core on the above plane, thereby being able to flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different sizes, and having a simple manufacturing process and easy mass production.
  • FIG. 1 a is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell shown in FIG. 1 a in the N direction.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pole piece of a first core stack facing away from a second core stack provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pole piece of a second core stack facing away from the first core stack provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite unit provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 a is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 b is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the battery cell shown in FIG. 10 a in the N direction.
  • FIG. 10 c is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the reference numerals include: battery cell 100, 100'; first core stack 110; second core stack 120; first pole piece A100; second pole piece B100; first pole tab A; second pole tab B; first current collector A110; first polarity active layer A120; second current collector B110; second polarity active layer B120; first portion B111; second portion B112; first diaphragm 130; second diaphragm 140; uncoated area W; composite unit 150; third diaphragm 151; fourth diaphragm 152; fifth diaphragm 160; battery 10; housing 200; thickness h1 of the first core stack; thickness h2 of the second core stack; length difference a; width difference b.
  • a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application is described below in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 8 .
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell shown in Fig. 1a in the N direction.
  • the battery cell 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a first stacked core 110 and a second stacked core 120, wherein the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120 both include a plurality of first pole pieces A100 and second pole pieces B100 that are staggered and stacked, the projection of the first stacked core 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100 is located within the projection range of the second stacked core 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120 both include a plurality of first pole tabs A and a plurality of second pole tabs B, the projections of the plurality of first pole tabs A of the first stacked core 110 and the plurality of first pole tabs A
  • the first electrode A100 is a positive electrode; the second electrode B100 is a negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode tab corresponds to the positive electrode tab, and the negative electrode tab corresponds to the negative electrode tab.
  • the projection of the first core stack 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100 is within the projection range of the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, that is, the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 have different sizes, so that they can flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different sizes, and the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 can also be designed in different shapes according to different needs, so that they can flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different shapes, which is conducive to the development of smart products in the direction of lightness and miniaturization.
  • the manufacturing process is simple and mass production is easy to achieve.
  • the difference between the thickness h1 of the first core stack 110 and the thickness h2 of the second core stack 120 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm
  • the length difference a between the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 is greater than or equal to 0 mm
  • the width difference b between the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 is greater than or equal to 0 mm, but the length difference a and the width difference b cannot be equal to 0 mm at the same time.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 in the battery cell 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, includes a first current collector A110 and a first polar active layer A120 coated on the surface of the first current collector A110, and the first current collector A110 of the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 close to the second stacked core 120 is arranged opposite to the first current collector A110 of the first pole piece A100 of the second stacked core 120 close to the first stacked core 110.
  • the relative arrangement means that the first current collector A110 of the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 is arranged adjacent to the first current collector A110 of the first pole piece A100 of the second core stack 120 close to the first core stack 110 .
  • the first current collector A110 may be an aluminum foil, and the thickness of the first current collector A110 is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers.
  • the first current collector A110 of the first electrode sheet A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 is arranged opposite to the first current collector A110 of the first electrode sheet A100 of the second core stack 120 close to the first core stack 110, and the charge capacity of the battery cell 100 is higher. Therefore, the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application increase the charge capacity of the battery cell 100.
  • the first current collector A110 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 is bonded together with the first current collector A110 of the second core stack 120 close to the first core stack 110 by any one of hot melt adhesive, polypropylene adhesive and double-sided adhesive, which has a simple manufacturing process and low cost.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece of the first core stack facing away from the second core stack provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 facing away from the second core stack 120 includes a first current collector A110 and a first polar active layer A120 coated on the surface of the first current collector A110 on one side close to the second core stack 120.
  • first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 facing away from the second core stack 120 refers to the first pole piece in the first core stack 110 that is farthest from the second core stack 120 , that is, the topmost first pole piece.
  • the first polarity active layer A120 ie, the positive electrode active layer, includes ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the thickness of the first polarity active layer A120 is greater than or equal to 30 micrometers.
  • the battery cell 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a first diaphragm 130 bonded to the first polarity active layer A120 of the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 which is away from the second stacked core 120 .
  • the first polarity active layer A120 and the first diaphragm 130 are bonded together by a hot pressing process.
  • the function of the separator is to prevent short circuits; in the charging and discharging state, charged ions (such as lithium ions) are transferred through the pores of the separator.
  • charged ions such as lithium ions
  • the charging state lithium ions are transferred from the positive electrode to the negative electrode; in the discharging state, lithium ions are transferred from the negative electrode to the positive electrode.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece of the second core stack facing away from the first core stack provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 of the second core stack 120 facing away from the first core stack 110 includes a first current collector A110 and a first polar active layer A120 coated on the surface of the first current collector A110 on one side close to the first core stack 110.
  • first pole piece A100 of the second core stack 120 facing away from the first core stack 110 refers to the first pole piece in the second core stack 120 that is farthest from the first core stack 110 , that is, the lowermost first pole piece.
  • the battery cell 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a second diaphragm 140 bonded to the first polarity active layer A120 of the first pole piece A100 of the second stacked core 120 which is away from the first stacked core 110 .
  • the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 provided in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 further improve the charge capacity of the battery cell 100 .
  • first diaphragm 130 and the second diaphragm 140 have the same structure, and the difference lies in the different locations of the diaphragms.
  • diaphragms and the active layer mentioned in the present application are bonded together by a hot pressing process.
  • the first diaphragm 130 and the second diaphragm 140 both include a rubber-coated diaphragm or a ceramic-coated diaphragm, and the thickness of the diaphragm is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the projection of at least one side of the first core stack 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100 coincides with the projection of at least one side of the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, so as to ensure that the boundaries of the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 are flush, prevent the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 from shaking, and thus avoid the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 from being offset and causing the shell to rupture.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides three other planar diagrams of the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120, namely, the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not further limit the shape of the projection of the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, and can flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different shapes.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating layer provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 includes a first current collector A110, the surface of the first current collector A110 includes an uncoated area W near one end of the first pole tab A, and the uncoated area W is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the uncoated area W of the first current collector A110 is provided with an insulating layer, the width of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 3 mm, the length can be equal to the length of the first current collector A110, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 10 microns.
  • the material of the insulating layer can be an insulating material such as ceramics, so the insulating layer is used to prevent short circuits.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite unit provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application further includes: a plurality of composite units 150, the composite unit 150 includes a third diaphragm 151, a first pole piece A100, a fourth diaphragm 152, and a second pole piece B100 which are sequentially stacked and bonded to each other.
  • the portion of the third diaphragm 151 that extends beyond the first pole piece A100 is bonded to the portion of the fourth diaphragm 152 that extends beyond the first pole piece A100.
  • the third diaphragm 151 and the fourth diaphragm 152 wrap the first pole piece A100 so that the first pole piece A100 and the second pole piece B100 are not in direct contact, so as to prevent the first pole piece A100 and the second pole piece B100 from short-circuiting in a non-charging and discharging state.
  • the second pole piece B100 includes a second current collector and a second polar active layer coated on the surface of the second current collector.
  • the second current collector B110 may be a copper foil, and the thickness of the second current collector B110 is greater than or equal to 1 micron.
  • the second polar active layer B120 is a negative electrode active layer, including graphite, etc., and the thickness of the second polar active layer B120 is greater than or equal to 20 microns.
  • a battery cell provided in other embodiments of the present application is described below in conjunction with FIGS. 3 to 8 and FIGS. 10 a to 10 c .
  • FIG10a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell shown in FIG10a in the N direction.
  • FIG10c is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 100' provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a first stacked core 110 and a second stacked core 120 arranged in layers and a shell 200 wrapping the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120, wherein the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120 each include a plurality of first pole pieces A100 and second pole pieces B100 arranged in an alternately stacked manner, and the projection of the first stacked core 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100 is located within the projection range of the second stacked core 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100; the second pole piece B100 of the second stacked core 120 close to the first stacked core 110 includes a second current collector B110 and a second polar active layer B120 coated on the surface of the second current collector B110, the second polar active layer B120 of the second stacked core 120 includes a second current collector B110 and a second polar active layer B120 coated on the surface of the second current collector B110
  • the second polar active layer B120 of the second core 120 includes a second polar active layer B120 coated on the surface of the second polar active layer B110, the second polar active
  • the second current collector B110 includes a first part B111 arranged opposite to the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 and a second part B112 connected to the first part B111; the second polar active layer B120 is coated on the surface of the first part B111; and a protective layer is arranged on the surface of the second part B112 close to the first core stack 110.
  • the difference between the thickness h1 of the first core stack 110 and the thickness h2 of the second core stack 120 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm
  • the length difference a between the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 is greater than or equal to 0 mm
  • the width difference b between the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 is greater than or equal to 0 mm, but the length difference a and the width difference b cannot be equal to 0 mm at the same time.
  • the second polarity active layer B120 coated on the surface of the first part B111 is arranged adjacent to the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 close to the second stacked core 120, so that the charges of the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120 move to each other to form a current.
  • a protective layer is provided on the surface of the second part B112 close to the first stacked core 110 to prevent the second part B112 from being electrically connected to the shell 200 and causing a short circuit.
  • the first part B111 i.e., the overlapping part of the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 close to the second stacked core 120 and the second polarity active layer B120
  • the second part B112 i.e., the non-overlapping part of the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 close to the second stacked core 120 and the second polarity active layer B120, is provided on the surface of the non-overlapping part close to the first stacked core 110.
  • the battery cell 100' provided in the present application has different sizes of the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120, so that it can flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different sizes, and the manufacturing process is simple and easy to achieve mass production.
  • the protective layer provided on the second part B112 prevents the second part B112 from short-circuiting with the shell 200.
  • the non-overlapping area of the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120 is provided with a protective layer to prevent the second pole piece B100 of the second stacked core 120 close to the first stacked core 110 from being electrically connected to the shell 200 and short-circuiting.
  • the present application provides a battery cell 100', which includes: a first core stack 110 and a second core stack 120 arranged in a stacked manner, and a shell 200 wrapping the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120, wherein the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 each include a plurality of first pole pieces A100 and second pole pieces B100 arranged in an alternately stacked manner, and a projection of the first core stack 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100 is located within the projection range of the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, that is, the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 have different sizes, so that they can flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different sizes, and the manufacturing process is simple, and mass production is easy to achieve.
  • the second pole piece B100 of the second core stack 120 close to the first core stack 110 includes a second current collector B110 and a second polar active layer B120 coated on the surface of the second current collector B110
  • the second current collector B110 includes a first part B111 arranged opposite to the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 and a second part B112 connected to the first part B111
  • the second polar active layer B120 is coated on the surface of the first part B111
  • a protective layer is provided on the surface of the second part B112 close to the first core stack 110 to prevent the second part B112 from being electrically connected to the shell 200 and causing a short circuit.
  • the protective layer includes blue glue and/or green glue. It is limited as long as the short circuit between the second part B112 and the shell 200 can be prevented.
  • the shape of the second polarity active layer B120 coated on the first portion B111 is determined by the shape of the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 , and the shapes of the two can be set according to the shape of the actual battery compartment.
  • the second polarity active layer B120 is also coated on the surface of the second part B112 except the surface where the protective layer is located.
  • the surface of the second current collector B110 close to the first stacked core 110 can be coated with the second polarity active layer B120 on the entire surface, that is, the surfaces of the first part B111 and the second part B112 close to the first stacked core 110 are coated with the second polarity active layer B120, or the second polarity active layer B120 can be coated only on the surface of the first part B111.
  • a protective layer is provided on the surface of the second part B112 close to the first stacked core 110.
  • the first pole piece A100 includes a first current collector A110 and a first polarity active layer A120 coated on the surface of the first current collector A110, and the first polarity active layer A120 of the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 close to the second stacked core 120 is arranged opposite to the second polarity active layer B120 of the second pole piece B100 of the second stacked core 120 close to the first stacked core 110.
  • the relative arrangement means that the first polarity active layer A120 of the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120 is arranged adjacent to the second polarity active layer B120 of the second pole piece B100 of the second core stack 120 close to the first core stack 110 .
  • the first current collector A110 may be aluminum foil, and the thickness of the first current collector A110 is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers.
  • the second polarity active layer B120 is the negative electrode active layer, including graphite, etc., and the thickness of the second polarity active layer B120 is greater than or equal to 20 micrometers.
  • the first polarity active layer A120 has a corresponding second polarity active layer B120, otherwise lithium deposition will occur.
  • the second polarity active layer B120 may not correspond to the first polarity active layer A120. That is, for the projection of the first stacked core 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, the setting method located within the projection range of the second stacked core 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, the pole piece of the second stacked core 120 close to the first stacked core 110 is set as the second pole piece B100, and the pole piece of the first stacked core 110 close to the second stacked core 120 is set as the first pole piece A100.
  • the first pole piece A100 is a positive pole piece; the second pole piece B100 is a negative pole piece.
  • the first stacked core 110 and the second stacked core 120 both include a plurality of first pole tabs A and a plurality of second pole tabs B; the projections of the plurality of first pole tabs A of the first stacked core 110 and the plurality of first pole tabs A of the second stacked core 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole sheet A100 have an overlapping area, and/or the projections of the plurality of second pole tabs B of the first stacked core 110 and the plurality of second pole tabs B of the second stacked core 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole sheet A100 also have an overlapping area.
  • the first pole tab A represents the positive pole tab
  • the second pole tab B represents the negative pole tab.
  • the positive pole sheet corresponds to the positive pole tab
  • the negative pole sheet corresponds to the negative pole tab.
  • the battery cell 100' provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes: a fifth diaphragm 160 bonded to the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 close to the second core stack 120, and the fifth diaphragm 160 is bonded to the second polarity active layer B120 of the second core stack 120 close to the first core stack 110 as a whole.
  • the second polarity active layer B120 and the fifth diaphragm 160 are bonded together by a hot pressing process.
  • the function of the separator is to prevent short circuits; in the charging and discharging state, charged ions (such as lithium ions) are transferred through the pores of the separator.
  • charged ions such as lithium ions
  • the charging state lithium ions are transferred from the positive electrode to the negative electrode; in the discharging state, lithium ions are transferred from the negative electrode to the positive electrode.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece of the first core stack facing away from the second core stack provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 facing away from the second core stack 120 includes a first current collector A110 and a first polar active layer A120 coated on the surface of the first current collector A110 on one side close to the second core stack 120.
  • the first polarity active layer A120 ie, the positive electrode active layer, includes ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the thickness of the first polarity active layer A120 is greater than or equal to 30 micrometers.
  • the electrode sheet of the first core stack 110 that is away from the second core stack 120 is set as the first electrode sheet A100, thereby increasing the number of first electrode sheets A100 in the battery cell 100', thereby increasing the charge capacity of the battery cell 100'. Therefore, the first core stack 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application increases the charge capacity of the battery cell 100'.
  • the battery cell 100' provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a first diaphragm 130 bonded to the first polarity active layer A120 of the first pole piece A100 of the first stacked core 110 that is away from the second stacked core 120.
  • the fifth diaphragm 160 has the same structure as the first diaphragm 130, except that the locations of the diaphragms are different.
  • the diaphragms and active layers mentioned in the present application are bonded together by a hot pressing process.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the first pole piece of the second core stack facing away from the first core stack provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 of the second core stack 120 facing away from the first core stack 110 includes a first current collector A110 and a first polarity active layer A120 coated on the surface of the first current collector A110 close to the first core stack 110.
  • the battery cell 100' provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes: a second diaphragm 140 bonded to the first polarity active layer A120 of the first pole piece A100 of the second core stack 120 facing away from the first core stack 110.
  • the pole piece of the second core stack 120 facing away from the first core stack 110 is set as the first pole piece A100, thereby increasing the number of the first pole pieces A100 in the battery cell 100', thereby improving the charge capacity of the battery cell 100'.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the projection of at least one side of the first core stack 110 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100 coincides with the projection of at least one side of the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, so as to ensure that the boundary between the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 is
  • the first and second core stacks 110 and 120 are flush with each other to prevent shaking, thereby avoiding the first and second core stacks 110 and 120 from deviating and causing the housing 200 to break.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides three other plane figures of the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120, that is, the shape of the projection of the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100.
  • the present embodiment of the application does not further limit the shape of the projection of the first core stack 110 and the second core stack 120 on a plane parallel to the first pole piece A100, and can flexibly adapt to battery compartment structures of different shapes.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating layer provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pole piece A100 includes a first current collector A110, and an insulating layer W is disposed in a region of the first current collector A110 near one end of the first pole tab A.
  • an insulating layer W is provided in the area near one end of the first tab A of the first current collector A110.
  • the width of the insulating layer W is greater than or equal to 3 mm, the length can be equal to the length of the first current collector A110, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 10 microns.
  • the material of the insulating layer W can be an insulating material such as ceramics, so the insulating layer W is used to prevent short circuits.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite unit provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 100 'provided by an embodiment of the present application also includes: a plurality of composite units 150, and the composite unit 150 includes a third diaphragm 151, a first pole piece A100, a fourth diaphragm 152, and a second pole piece B100 which are sequentially stacked and bonded to each other.
  • the portion of the third diaphragm 151 that extends beyond the first pole piece A100 is bonded to the portion of the fourth diaphragm 152 that extends beyond the first pole piece A100.
  • the third diaphragm 151 and the fourth diaphragm 152 wrap the first pole piece A100 so that the first pole piece A100 and the second pole piece B100 are not in direct contact, so as to prevent the first pole piece A100 and the second pole piece B100 from short-circuiting in a non-charging and discharging state.
  • the fifth diaphragm 160 , the first diaphragm 130 , the second diaphragm 140 , the third diaphragm 151 and the fourth diaphragm 152 mentioned throughout the text all include rubber-coated diaphragms or ceramic-coated diaphragms, and the thickness of the above diaphragms is greater than or equal to 5 microns.
  • the second pole piece B100 includes a second current collector B110 and a second polar active layer B120 coated on the surface of the second current collector B110.
  • the second current collector B110 may be a copper foil, and the thickness of the second current collector B110 is greater than or equal to 1 micron.
  • the second polar active layer B120 is a negative electrode active layer, including graphite, etc., and the thickness of the second polar active layer B120 is greater than or equal to 20 microns.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 9, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 10, which includes a battery cell 100 and a housing 200 as mentioned in any of the above embodiments.
  • the first pole piece A100 of the first core stack 110 facing away from the second core stack 120 includes a first current collector A110, the first current collector A110 is disposed opposite to the housing 200, and/or the second core stack 120 facing away from the first core stack 110
  • the first pole piece A100 includes a first current collector A110, and the first current collector A110 is disposed opposite to the housing 200.
  • the first current collector A110 is disposed opposite to the housing 200 means that the first current collector A110 is disposed adjacent to the housing 200.
  • the battery 10 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can flexibly adapt to different stepped battery compartment structures, which is conducive to the development of smart products in the direction of lightness and miniaturization.
  • the battery 10 mentioned in the present application can be a lithium battery.
  • each component or each step can be decomposed and/or recombined.
  • Such decomposition and/or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种电芯及电池，该电芯包括：层叠设置的第一叠芯和第二叠芯，其中，第一叠芯和第二叠芯均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片和第二极片，第一叠芯在平行于第一极片的平面上的投影，位于第二叠芯在上述平面的投影范围内。通过层叠设置不同尺寸的第一叠芯与第二叠芯，能够灵活适应不同尺寸的电池仓结构，并且制造工艺简单，容易实现量产。

Description

电芯及电池 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电芯及电池。
背景技术
随着经济的发展和科技的进步，智能产品已经深入到人们生活的方方面面。为了提高用户体验，智能产品越来越向轻便化、小型化的方向发展，可重复循环充电使用的锂离子纽扣电池已经逐步应用到了人们日常生活的各个领域，如穿戴产品、计算机产品、医疗产品等。
不同的终端产品所需的电池仓结构不同，因此，如何批量生产锂电池十分关键。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，提出了本申请。本申请实施例提供了一种电芯及电池。
第一方面，本申请一实施例提供了一种电芯，该电芯包括：层叠设置的第一叠芯和第二叠芯，其中，所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片和第二极片，所述第一叠芯在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影，位于所述第二叠芯在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影范围内。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯均包含多个第一极耳和多个第二极耳，所述第一叠芯包含的多个第一极耳与所述第二叠芯包含的多个第一极耳在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影具有重合区域，和/或，所述第一叠芯包含的多个第二极耳与所述第二叠芯包含的多个第二极耳在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影亦具有重合区域。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该电芯还包括：包裹所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯的壳体。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，每个第二极片包括第二集流体和涂覆在所述第二集流体表面的第二极性活性层，所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第二极片的第二集流体包括与所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片相对设置的第一部分以及与所述第一部分连接的第二部分；所述第二极性活性层包括形成在所述第一部分上的部分；所述第二部分的靠近所述第一叠芯的表面设置有保护层。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述保护层包括蓝胶和/或绿胶。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二极性活性层还包括位于所述第二部分和所述保护层之间的部分。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，每个第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体表面的第一极性活性层，所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体，与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体相对设置。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体，与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体通过热熔胶、聚丙烯胶和双面胶中的任意一种粘接为一体。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，每个第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体表面的第一极性活性层，每个第二极片包括第二集流体和涂覆在所述第二集流体表面的第二极性活性层，所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片的第一极性活性层，与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第二极片的第二极性活性层相对设置。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该电芯还包括：与所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片相粘接的第五隔膜，所述第五隔膜与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第二极性活性层粘接为一体。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一叠芯的背离所述第二叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第二叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该电芯还包括：与涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第二叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层相粘接的第一隔膜。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二叠芯的背离所述第一叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第一叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该电芯还包括：与涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第一叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层相粘接的第二隔膜。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一叠芯的至少一侧在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影与所述第二叠芯的至少一侧在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影重合。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯均包含多个第一极耳和多个第二极耳，每个第一极片包括第一集流体，所述第一集流体的靠近对应的第一极耳一端的区域设置有绝缘层。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该电芯还包括：多个复合单元，每个复合单元包括依次层叠设置第三隔膜、第一极片、第四隔膜和第二极片。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第三隔膜超出所述第一极片的部分，与所述第四隔膜超出所述第一极片的部分相粘接。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一极片为正极片；所述第二极片为负极片。
第二方面，本申请一实施例提供了一种电池，该电池包括如上述任一实施例提及的电芯和包括电芯的壳体。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一叠芯的背离所述第二叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体，所述第一集流体与所述壳体相对设置，和/或所述第二叠芯的背离所述第一叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体，所述第一集流体与所述壳体相对设置。
本申请提供了一种电芯，该电芯包括：层叠设置的第一叠芯和第二叠芯，其中，第一叠芯和第二叠芯均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片和第二极片，第一叠芯在平行于第一极片的平面上的投影，在第二叠芯在平行于第一极片的平面上的投影范围内。本申请通过层叠设置不同尺寸的第一叠芯与第二叠芯，使得第一叠芯在上述平面的投影，在第二叠芯在上述平面的投影范围内，从而能够灵活适应不同尺寸的电池仓结构，并且制造工艺简单，容易实现量产。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本申请实施例进行更详细的描述，本申请的上述以及其他目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显。附图用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请实施例一起用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的限制。在附图中，相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件或步骤。
图1a所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。
图1b所示为图1a所示的电芯的N方向的结构示意图。
图2所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。
图3所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的第一叠芯的背离第二叠芯的第一极片的结构示意图。
图4所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的第二叠芯的背离第一叠芯的第一极片的结构示意图。
图5所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。
图6所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。
图7所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的绝缘层的结构示意图。
图8所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的复合单元的结构示意图。
图9所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。
图10a所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。
图10b所示为图10a所示的电芯的N方向的结构示意图。
图10c所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。
附图标记包括：电芯100，100’；第一叠芯110；第二叠芯120；第一极片A100；第二极片B100；第一极耳A；第二极耳B；第一集流体A110；第一极性活性层A120；第二集流体B110；第二极性活性层B120；第一部分B111；第二部分B112；第一隔膜130；第二隔膜140；未涂覆区W；复合单元150；第三隔膜151；第四隔膜152；第五隔膜160；电池10；壳体200；第一叠芯的厚度h1；第二叠芯的厚度h2；长度差a；宽度差b。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
另外，为了更好地说明本申请，在下文的具体实施方式中给出了众多的具体细节。本领域技术人员应当理解，没有某些具体细节，本申请同样可以实施。在一些实例中，对于本领域技术人员熟知的方法、手段、元件和电路未作详细描述，以便于凸显本申请的主旨。
下面结合图1至8，对本申请的一些实施例提供的一种电芯进行描述。
图1a所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。图1b所示为图1a所示的电芯的N方向的结构示意图。如图1a和图1b所示，本申请实施例提供的电芯100包括：层叠设置的第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120，其中，第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片A100和第二极片B100，第一叠芯110在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影，位于第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影范围内，第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120均包含多个第一极耳A和多个第二极耳B，第一叠芯110的多个第一极耳A与第二叠芯120的多个第一极耳A在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影具有重合区域，第一叠芯110的多个第二极耳B与第二叠芯120的多个第二极耳B在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影亦具有重合区域。第一叠芯110、第二叠芯120、第一极耳A和第二极耳B的平面形状可以为矩形。
在一些实施例中，第一极片A100为正极片；第二极片B100为负极片。第一极耳A表 示正极极耳，第二极耳B表示负极极耳。正极片对应正极极耳，负极片对应负极极耳。
在一些实施例中，第一叠芯110在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影，位于第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影范围内，也即第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的尺寸不同，从而能够灵活适应不同尺寸的电池仓结构，且第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120还可以根据不同的需求，设计为不同形状，从而能够灵活适应不同形状的电池仓结构，从而有利于智能产品向轻便化、小型化的方向发展。另外，制造工艺简单，容易实现量产。
在一些实施例中，第一叠芯110的厚度h1与第二叠芯120的厚度h2的差异大于或等于0.3毫米，第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的长度差a大于或等于0毫米，第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的宽度差b大于或等于0毫米，但长度差a与宽度差b不可同时等于0毫米。
图2所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。如图2所示，在本申请实施例提供的电芯100中，第一极片A100包括第一集流体A110和涂覆在第一集流体A110表面的第一极性活性层A120，第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一集流体A110，与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第一极片A100的第一集流体A110相对设置。
在一些实施例中，相对设置指的是第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一集流体A110，与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第一极片A100的第一集流体A110相邻设置。
在一些实施例中，第一集流体A110可以是铝箔，第一集流体A110的厚度大于或等于10微米。
在同等电池壳体体积的情况下，电芯100包括的正极片越多，电荷容量越高。因此，在同等电池壳体体积的情况下，第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一集流体A110，与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第一极片A100的第一集流体A110相对设置，电芯100的电荷容量较高。因此，本申请实施例提供的第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120提高了电芯100的电荷容量。
在本申请实施例提供的电芯100中，第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一集流体A110，与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第一集流体A110通过热熔胶、聚丙烯胶和双面胶中的任意一种粘接为一体，制造工艺简单，成本低。
图3所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的第一叠芯的背离第二叠芯的第一极片的结构示意图。如图3所示，第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的第一极片A100，包括第一集流体A110和涂覆在第一集流体A110的靠近第二叠芯120一侧表面的第一极性活性层A120。
应理解，第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的第一极片A100是指第一叠芯110中的距离第二叠芯120最远的第一极片，即，最上方的第一极片。
具体地，第一极性活性层A120即正极活性层，包括三元锂、磷酸铁锂、鈷酸锂、锰酸锂等，第一极性活性层A120的厚度大于或等于30微米。
如图3所示，本申请实施例提供的电芯100还包括：与第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一极性活性层A120相粘接的第一隔膜130。
具体地，第一极性活性层A120与第一隔膜130通过热压工艺粘接为一体。
非充放电状态下，隔膜的作用是防止短路；充放电状态下，带电离子(如锂离子)通过隔膜的细孔进行离子转移。示例性地，充电状态下，锂离子从正极转移到负极；放电状态下，锂离子从负极转移到正极。
图4所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的第二叠芯的背离第一叠芯的第一极片的结构示意图。如图4所示，在本申请实施例提供的电芯100中，第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110的第一极片A100，包括第一集流体A110和涂覆在第一集流体A110的靠近第一叠芯110一侧表面的第一极性活性层A120。
应理解，第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110的第一极片A100是指第二叠芯120中的距离第一叠芯110最远的第一极片，即，最下方的第一极片。
本申请实施例提供的电芯100还包括：与第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110的第一极片A100的第一极性活性层A120相粘接的第二隔膜140。
如图2所示实施例中提及的原理，图3和图4所示实施例提供的第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120进一步提高了电芯100的电荷容量。
需要说明的是，第一隔膜130和第二隔膜140的结构相同，区别在于设置的位置不同。另外，本申请提及的隔膜与活性层通过热压工艺粘接为一体。
在一些实施例中，第一隔膜130和第二隔膜140均包括涂胶隔膜或涂陶瓷隔膜，隔膜的厚度大于或等于5微米。
图5所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。如图5所示，第一叠芯110的至少一侧在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影，与第二叠芯120的至少一侧在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影重合，以保证第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120的边界齐平，防止第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120晃动，从而避免了第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120发生偏移导致的壳体破裂。
图6所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。如图6所示，本申请实施例给出了其他三种第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的平面图形，即，第一叠芯110与第 二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影的形状。本申请实施例对第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影的形状不做进一步限定，能够灵活适应不同形状的电池仓结构即可。
图7所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的绝缘层的结构示意图。如图7所示，第一极片A100包括第一集流体A110，第一集流体A110的表面包括靠近第一极耳A一端的未涂覆区W，未涂覆区W设置有绝缘层。
因极片通过切片而成，正极片和负极片的四周切断面有毛刺，尤其正极片的正极极耳处容易产生毛刺，毛刺刺穿隔膜并搭接负极片后，造成严重的短路失效问题。因此，第一集流体A110的未涂覆区W设置有绝缘层，绝缘层的宽度大于或等于3毫米，长度可以等于第一集流体A110的长度，厚度大于或等于10微米，绝缘层的材料可以是陶瓷等绝缘材料，因此绝缘层用于防止短路。
图8所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的复合单元的结构示意图。如图8所示，本申请实施例提供的电芯100还包括：多个复合单元150，复合单元150包括依次层叠设置并且相互粘接的第三隔膜151、第一极片A100、第四隔膜152和第二极片B100。在一些实施例中，第三隔膜151超出第一极片A100的部分，与第四隔膜152超出第一极片A100的部分相粘接。第三隔膜151和第四隔膜152将第一极片A100包裹在内，使第一极片A100和第二极片B100不直接接触，以防止第一极片A100和第二极片B100在非充放电状态下发生短路。
在一些实施例中，第二极片B100包括第二集流体和涂覆在第二集流体表面的第二极性活性层。第二集流体B110可以是铜箔，第二集流体B110的厚度大于或等于1微米。第二极性活性层B120即负极活性层，包括石墨等，第二极性活性层B120的厚度大于或等于20微米。
下面结合图3至8，图10a至10c，对本申请的另一些实施例提供的一种电芯进行描述。
图10a所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。图10b所示为图10a所示的电芯的N方向的结构示意图。图10c所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。如图10a、图10b和图10c所示，本申请实施例提供的电芯100’包括：层叠设置的第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120以及包裹第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120的壳体200，其中，第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片A100和第二极片B100，第一叠芯110在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影，位于第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影范围内；第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第二极片B100包括第二集流体B110和涂覆在第二集流体B110表面的第二极性活性层B120，该 第二集流体B110包括与第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100相对设置的第一部分B111以及与第一部分B111连接的第二部分B112；第二极性活性层B120涂覆在第一部分B111的表面；第二部分B112靠近第一叠芯110的表面设置有保护层。
在一些实施例中，如图10a和图10b所示，第一叠芯110的厚度h1与第二叠芯120的厚度h2的差异大于或等于0.3毫米，第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的长度差a大于或等于0毫米，第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的宽度差b大于或等于0毫米，但长度差a与宽度差b不可同时等于0毫米。
需要说明的是，通过将涂覆在第一部分B111的表面上的第二极性活性层B120与第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100相邻设置，以使第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120的电荷相互移动，形成电流。另外，第二部分B112靠近第一叠芯110的表面设置有保护层，以防止第二部分B112与壳体200电连接，发生短路。具体地，第一部分B111即第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100与该第二极性活性层B120的重合部分，第二部分B112即第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100与该第二极性活性层B120的未重合部分，在该未重合部分的靠近第一叠芯110的表面设置有保护层。
本申请提供的电芯100’，第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的尺寸不同，从而能够灵活适应不同尺寸的电池仓结构，并且制造工艺简单，容易实现量产。另外，设置在第二部分B112的保护层，防止了第二部分B112与壳体200发生短路，换句话说，第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120的未重合区域设置有保护层，以防止第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第二极片B100与壳体200电连接，发生短路。
本申请提供了一种电芯100’，该电芯100’包括：层叠设置的第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120以及包裹第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120的壳体200，其中，第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片A100和第二极片B100，第一叠芯110在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影，位于第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影范围内，即第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的尺寸不同，从而能够灵活适应不同尺寸的电池仓结构，并且制造工艺简单，容易实现量产。另外，第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第二极片B100包括第二集流体B110和涂覆在第二集流体B110表面的第二极性活性层B120，第二集流体B110包括与第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100相对设置的第一部分B111以及与第一部分B111连接的第二部分B112；第二极性活性层B120涂覆在第一部分B111的表面上；第二部分B112靠近第一叠芯110的表面设置有保护层，以防止第二部分B112与壳体200电连接，发生短路。
在一些实施例中，保护层包括蓝胶和/或绿胶。本申请实施例对胶纸的类型不做进一步 限定，只要能防止第二部分B112与壳体200发生短路即可。
另外，涂覆在第一部分B111上的第二极性活性层B120的形状由第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的形状而定，可以根据实际电池仓的形状设定上述两者的形状。
在一些实施例中，第二极性活性层B120还涂覆在第二部分B112的除保护层所在表面以外的表面上。该第二集流体B110的靠近第一叠芯110的表面，可以是整面涂覆第二极性活性层B120，即第一部分B111和第二部分B112的靠近第一叠芯110的表面涂覆第二极性活性层B120，也可以是只在第一部分B111的表面涂覆第二极性活性层B120。对于上述任一种涂覆方式，均在第二部分B112靠近第一叠芯110的表面设置有保护层。
如图10c所示，在本申请实施例提供的电芯100’中，第一极片A100包括第一集流体A110和涂覆在第一集流体A110表面的第一极性活性层A120，第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一极性活性层A120，与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第二极片B100的第二极性活性层B120相对设置。
在一些实施例中，相对设置指的是第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一极性活性层A120，与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第二极片B100的第二极性活性层B120相邻设置。
在一些实施例中，第一集流体A110可以是铝箔，第一集流体A110的厚度大于或等于10微米。第二极性活性层B120即负极活性层，包括石墨等，第二极性活性层B120的厚度大于或等于20微米。
需要说明的是，第一极性活性层A120有与其对应的第二极性活性层B120，否则会出现析锂情况。第二极性活性层B120可以不对应第一极性活性层A120。即针对第一叠芯110在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影，位于第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影范围内的设置方式，第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的极片设置为第二极片B100，第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的极片设置为第一极片A100。
在一些实施例中，第一极片A100为正极片；第二极片B100为负极片。
在一些实施例中，第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120均包含多个第一极耳A和多个第二极耳B；第一叠芯110的多个第一极耳A与第二叠芯120的多个第一极耳A在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影具有重合区域，和/或，第一叠芯110的多个第二极耳B与第二叠芯120的多个第二极耳B在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影亦具有重合区域。其中，第一极耳A表示正极极耳，第二极耳B表示负极极耳。正极片对应正极极耳，负极片对应负极极耳。
本申请实施例提供的电芯100’还包括：与第一叠芯110的靠近第二叠芯120的第一极片A100相粘接的第五隔膜160，第五隔膜160与第二叠芯120的靠近第一叠芯110的第二极性活性层B120粘接为一体。
具体地，第二极性活性层B120与第五隔膜160通过热压工艺粘接为一体。
非充放电状态下，隔膜的作用是防止短路；充放电状态下，带电离子(如锂离子)通过隔膜的细孔进行离子转移。示例性地，充电状态下，锂离子从正极转移到负极；放电状态下，锂离子从负极转移到正极。
图3所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的第一叠芯的背离第二叠芯的第一极片的结构示意图。如图3所示，第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的第一极片A100，包括第一集流体A110和涂覆在第一集流体A110的靠近第二叠芯120一侧表面的第一极性活性层A120。
具体地，第一极性活性层A120即正极活性层，包括三元锂、磷酸铁锂、鈷酸锂、锰酸锂等，第一极性活性层A120的厚度大于或等于30微米。
需要说明的是，在同等电池壳体体积的情况下，电芯100’包括的正极片越多，电荷容量越高。因此，在同等电池壳体体积的情况下，第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的极片设置为第一极片A100，从而增加了电芯100’中的第一极片A100的数量，进而提高了电芯100’的电荷容量。因此，本申请实施例提供的第一叠芯110提高了电芯100’的电荷容量。
本申请实施例提供的电芯100’还包括：与第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的第一极片A100的第一极性活性层A120相粘接的第一隔膜130。其中，第五隔膜160和第一隔膜130的结构相同，区别在于设置的位置不同。另外，本申请提及的隔膜与活性层通过热压工艺粘接为一体。
图4所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的第二叠芯的背离第一叠芯的第一极片的结构示意图。如图4所示，在本申请实施例提供的电芯100’中，第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110的第一极片A100，包括第一集流体A110和涂覆在第一集流体A110的靠近第一叠芯110一侧表面的第一极性活性层A120。本申请实施例提供的电芯100’还包括：与第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110的第一极片A100的第一极性活性层A120相粘接的第二隔膜140。
如图3所示实施例中提及的原理，在同等电池壳体体积的情况下，第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110的极片设置为第一极片A100，从而增加了电芯100’中的第一极片A100的数量，进而提高了电芯100’的电荷容量。
图5所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。如图5所示，第一叠芯110的至少一侧在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影与第二叠芯120的至少一侧在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影重合，以保证第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120的边界 齐平，防止第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120晃动，从而避免了第一叠芯110和第二叠芯120发生偏移导致的壳体200破裂。
图6所示为本申请另一示例性实施例提供的电芯的结构示意图。如图6所示，本申请实施例给出了其他三种第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120的平面图形，即，第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影的形状。本申请实施例对第一叠芯110与第二叠芯120在平行于第一极片A100的平面上的投影的形状不做进一步限定，能够灵活适应不同形状的电池仓结构即可。
图7所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的绝缘层的结构示意图。如图7所示，第一极片A100包括第一集流体A110，第一集流体A110的靠近第一极耳A一端的区域设置有绝缘层W。
因极片通过切片而成，正极片和负极片的四周切断面有毛刺，尤其正极片的正极极耳处容易产生毛刺，毛刺刺穿隔膜并搭接负极片后，造成严重的短路失效问题。因此，第一集流体A110的靠近第一极耳A一端的区域设置有绝缘层W，绝缘层W的宽度大于或等于3毫米，长度可以等于第一集流体A110的长度，厚度大于或等于10微米，绝缘层W的材料可以是陶瓷等绝缘材料，因此绝缘层W用于防止短路。
图8所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的复合单元的结构示意图。如图8所示，本申请实施例提供的电芯100’还包括：多个复合单元150，复合单元150包括依次层叠设置并且相互粘接的第三隔膜151、第一极片A100、第四隔膜152和第二极片B100。第三隔膜151超出第一极片A100的部分，与第四隔膜152超出第一极片A100的部分相粘接。第三隔膜151和第四隔膜152将第一极片A100包裹在内，使第一极片A100和第二极片B100不直接接触，以防止第一极片A100和第二极片B100在非充放电状态下发生短路。
具体地，全文涉及的第五隔膜160、第一隔膜130、第二隔膜140、第三隔膜151和第四隔膜152均包括涂胶隔膜或涂陶瓷隔膜，上述隔膜的厚度大于或等于5微米。
在一些实施例中，第二极片B100包括第二集流体B110和涂覆在第二集流体B110表面的第二极性活性层B120。第二集流体B110可以是铜箔，第二集流体B110的厚度大于或等于1微米。第二极性活性层B120即负极活性层，包括石墨等，第二极性活性层B120的厚度大于或等于20微米。
图9所示为本申请一示例性实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。如图9所示，本申请一实施例提供了一种电池10，该电池10包括如上述任一实施例提及的电芯100和壳体200。
在一些实施例中，第一叠芯110的背离第二叠芯120的第一极片A100包括第一集流体A110，第一集流体A110与壳体200相对设置，和/或第二叠芯120的背离第一叠芯110 的第一极片A100包括第一集流体A110，第一集流体A110与壳体200相对设置。具体地，第一集流体A110与壳体200相对设置指的是第一集流体A110与壳体200相邻设置。
本申请实施例提及的电池10，可灵活适应不同台阶式的电池仓结构，有利于智能产品向轻便化、小型化的方向发展。本申请提及的电池10可以是锂电池。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本申请的基本原理，但是，需要指出的是，在本申请中提及的优点、优势、效果等仅是示例而非限制，不能认为这些优点、优势、效果等是本申请的各个实施例必须具备的。另外，上述公开的具体细节仅是为了示例的作用和便于理解的作用，而非限制，上述细节并不限制本申请为必须采用上述具体的细节来实现。
本申请中涉及的器件、装置、设备、系统的方框图仅作为例示性的例子并且不意图要求或暗示必须按照方框图示出的方式进行连接、布置、配置。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，可以按任意方式连接、布置、配置这些器件、装置、设备、系统。诸如“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等等的词语是开放性词汇，指“包括但不限于”，且可与其互换使用。这里所使用的词汇“或”和“和”指词汇“和/或”，且可与其互换使用，除非上下文明确指示不是如此。这里所使用的词汇“诸如”指词组“诸如但不限于”，且可与其互换使用。
还需要指出的是，在本申请的装置、设备和方法中，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本申请的等效方案。
提供所公开的方面的以上描述以使本领域的任何技术人员能够做出或者使用本申请。对这些方面的各种修改对于本领域技术人员而言是非常显而易见的，并且在此定义的一般原理可以应用于其他方面而不脱离本申请的范围。因此，本申请不意图被限制到在此示出的方面，而是按照与在此公开的原理和新颖的特征一致的最宽范围。
为了例示和描述的目的已经给出了以上描述。此外，此描述不意图将本申请的实施例限制到在此公开的形式。尽管以上已经讨论了多个示例方面和实施例，但是本领域技术人员将认识到其某些变型、修改、改变、添加和子组合。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电芯，其特征在于，包括：
    层叠设置的第一叠芯和第二叠芯，其中，所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯均包括多个交错层叠设置的第一极片和第二极片，所述第一叠芯在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影，位于所述第二叠芯在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影范围内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯均包含多个第一极耳和多个第二极耳，
    所述第一叠芯包含的多个第一极耳与所述第二叠芯包含的多个第一极耳在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影具有重合区域，
    和/或，所述第一叠芯包含的多个第二极耳与所述第二叠芯包含的多个第二极耳在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影亦具有重合区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：包裹所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯的壳体。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，每个第二极片包括第二集流体和涂覆在所述第二集流体表面的第二极性活性层，
    所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第二极片的第二集流体包括与所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片相对设置的第一部分以及与所述第一部分连接的第二部分；
    所述第二极性活性层包括形成在所述第一部分上的部分；
    所述第二部分的靠近所述第一叠芯的表面设置有保护层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述保护层包括蓝胶和/或绿胶。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第二极性活性层还包括位于所述第二部分和所述保护层之间的部分。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，每个第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体表面的第一极性活性层，所述第一 叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体，与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体相对设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体，与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第一极片的第一集流体通过热熔胶、聚丙烯胶和双面胶中的任意一种粘接为一体。
  9. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，每个第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体表面的第一极性活性层，每个第二极片包括第二集流体和涂覆在所述第二集流体表面的第二极性活性层，所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片的第一极性活性层，与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第二极片的第二极性活性层相对设置。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：与所述第一叠芯的靠近所述第二叠芯的第一极片相粘接的第五隔膜，所述第五隔膜与所述第二叠芯的靠近所述第一叠芯的第二极性活性层粘接为一体。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一叠芯的背离所述第二叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第二叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：与涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第二叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层相粘接的第一隔膜。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第二叠芯的背离所述第一叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体和涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第一叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：与涂覆在所述第一集流体的靠近所述第一叠芯一侧表面的第一极性活性层相粘接的第二隔膜。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一叠芯的至少一侧在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影与所述第二叠芯 的至少一侧在平行于所述多个第一极片的平面上的投影重合。
  16. 根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一叠芯和所述第二叠芯均包含多个第一极耳和多个第二极耳，每个第一极片包括第一集流体，所述第一集流体的靠近对应的第一极耳一端的区域设置有绝缘层。
  17. 根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，还包括：多个复合单元，每个复合单元包括依次层叠设置第三隔膜、第一极片、第四隔膜和第二极片。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第三隔膜超出所述第一极片的部分，与所述第四隔膜超出所述第一极片的部分相粘接。
  19. 根据权利要求1至18中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述第一极片为正极片；
    所述第二极片为负极片。
  20. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括如上述权利要求1至19中任一项所述的电芯和壳体。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电池，其特征在于，
    所述第一叠芯的背离所述第二叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体，所述第一集流体与所述壳体相对设置，和/或
    所述第二叠芯的背离所述第一叠芯的第一极片包括第一集流体，所述第一集流体与所述壳体相对设置。
PCT/CN2023/115470 2022-11-18 2023-08-29 电芯及电池 WO2024103899A1 (zh)

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