WO2024100857A1 - Dispositif de pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Dispositif de pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024100857A1
WO2024100857A1 PCT/JP2022/041992 JP2022041992W WO2024100857A1 WO 2024100857 A1 WO2024100857 A1 WO 2024100857A1 JP 2022041992 W JP2022041992 W JP 2022041992W WO 2024100857 A1 WO2024100857 A1 WO 2024100857A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
heat exchanger
refrigerant
heat
large diameter
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PCT/JP2022/041992
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
充 川島
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2022/041992 priority Critical patent/WO2024100857A1/fr
Publication of WO2024100857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024100857A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a heat pump device.
  • a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant circulates and a fluid circuit (heat medium circuit) in which a fluid (liquid heat medium) circulates, a compressor, a heat source heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, and an intermediate heat exchanger are connected in sequence by piping in the refrigerant circuit, and an intermediate heat exchanger (liquid heat exchanger), a load heat exchanger, a load safety valve (air vent valve), and a pump are connected in sequence by piping in the fluid circuit.
  • Conventionally known heat pump devices see, for example, Patent Document 1)
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve these problems. Its purpose is to provide a heat pump device that can efficiently discharge refrigerant that has entered the water circuit out of the water circuit when refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit has entered the water circuit due to damage to the water heat exchanger or the like.
  • the heat pump device includes a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a refrigerant and air, a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water, a third heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the water and air, a refrigerant pipe that connects the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in a ring shape and has the refrigerant placed inside, a water pipe that connects the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in a ring shape and has the water placed inside, and an air vent valve that can discharge gas inside the water pipe to the outside,
  • the piping includes an outward water piping through which the water flows from the second heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger, and a return water piping through which the water flows from the third heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, the outward water piping includes a large diameter section, the large diameter section has a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the other parts of the outward water piping, and at least a portion of the large diameter section is
  • the heat pump device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and air, a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water, a third heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the water and air, a refrigerant pipe that connects the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in a ring shape and contains the refrigerant, a water pipe that connects the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in a ring shape and contains the water, and an air vent valve that can discharge gas in the water pipe to the outside, and the water pipe has an outward water pipe through which the water flows from the second heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger, and a return water pipe through which the water flows from the third heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, and the outward water pipe includes a diameter expandable section, and when the pressure in the outward water pipe increases, the diameter expandable section has a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the portion of the outward water pipe other than the
  • the heat pump device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and air, a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water, a third heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the water and air, a refrigerant pipe that connects the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in a ring shape and contains the refrigerant, a water pipe that connects the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in a ring shape and contains the water, and an air vent valve that can discharge gas in the water pipe to the outside, the water pipe has an outward water pipe through which the water flows from the second heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger, and a return water pipe through which the water flows from the third heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, the outward water pipe includes a branching section where the flow path branches into multiple parts and then merges into one, and the air vent valve is provided in the branching section.
  • the heat pump device disclosed herein has the effect of efficiently discharging the refrigerant that has entered the water circuit out of the water circuit when the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit has entered the water circuit due to damage to the water heat exchanger or the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to a first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a flow pattern of a gas-liquid two-phase flow in a horizontal channel.
  • 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of a modified example of the air conditioner to which the heat pump device according to the first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a large diameter portion of a modified example of the air conditioner to which the heat pump unit according to the first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a large diameter portion of a modified example of the air conditioner to which the heat pump unit according to the first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to a first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to a second embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to a second embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to a third embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of another example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to embodiment 3 is applied.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another example of a control system of an air conditioner to which the heat pump device according to the third embodiment is applied.
  • 13 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of another example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device according to embodiment 3 is applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram explaining the flow pattern of a gas-liquid two-phase flow in a horizontal flow path.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of a modified example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a large diameter portion of a modified example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • Figure 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a large diameter portion of a modified example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • heat pump device is applied to an air conditioner.
  • This disclosure can be applied to air conditioners, including room air conditioners and commercial packaged air conditioners, as well as water heaters, showcases, refrigerators, chiller systems, and the like, and can be used in heat pump devices that have a primary circuit (refrigerant circuit) through which a refrigerant circulates and a secondary circuit (heat medium circuit) through which a liquid heat medium (e.g. water) circulates.
  • primary circuit refrigerant circuit
  • secondary circuit heat medium circuit
  • an air conditioner to which the heat pump device according to this embodiment is applied comprises an outdoor unit 10 and an indoor unit 20.
  • the indoor unit 20 is installed inside the room 2 to be air-conditioned.
  • the outdoor unit 10 is installed outside the room 1.
  • the outdoor unit 10 comprises refrigerant piping 11, a compressor 12, a four-way valve 13, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, an outdoor fan 15, an expansion valve 16, a water heat exchanger 17, and a pump 18.
  • the indoor unit 20 comprises an indoor heat exchanger 21 and an indoor fan 22.
  • the refrigerant piping 11 is provided in a circulating manner between the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the water heat exchanger 17 of the outdoor unit 10.
  • a refrigerant is sealed in the refrigerant piping 11.
  • GWP global warming potential
  • This refrigerant has a larger average molecular weight than air (it has a higher density than air), and has the property of sinking downward in the direction of gravity (vertical direction) in the air.
  • refrigerants include those that are flammable (slightly flammable or highly flammable).
  • the refrigerant piping 11 connects the compressor 12, the expansion valve 16, the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the water heat exchanger 17 in a ring shape. Therefore, a refrigerant circuit is formed in which the refrigerant circulates between the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the water heat exchanger 17.
  • the compressor 12 is a device that compresses the supplied refrigerant to increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the compressor 12 can be, for example, a rotary compressor or a scroll compressor.
  • the expansion valve 16 expands the refrigerant that has flowed in, reducing the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 16 is a pressure reducing device that reduces the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 16 is a Linear Electric Expansion Valve (LEV). Therefore, by closing the expansion valve 16, the flow of the refrigerant can be prevented.
  • LEV Linear Electric Expansion Valve
  • the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20 are connected by a water pipe 30.
  • the water pipe 30 is provided in a circulating manner between the water heat exchanger 17 of the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 of the indoor unit 20.
  • Water, which is a liquid heat medium is sealed inside the water pipe 30.
  • the water pipe 30 is a heat medium pipe with water, which is a liquid heat medium, inside.
  • water is one example of a liquid heat medium.
  • Other liquid heat mediums such as brine can also be used.
  • the water heat exchanger 17 is a liquid heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant that flows into the water heat exchanger 17 and water (liquid heat medium).
  • a plate heat exchanger or a double-pipe heat exchanger which have high heat exchange efficiency, is used as the water heat exchanger 17.
  • the pump 18 is provided in the water piping 30.
  • the pump 18 is for causing water, which is a liquid heat medium, to flow through the water heat exchanger 17.
  • the water piping 30 connects the indoor heat exchanger 21, the water heat exchanger 17, and the pump 18 in a ring shape. Therefore, a water circuit is formed in which water is circulated between the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the water heat exchanger 17 by the pump 18.
  • the pump 18 causes water (liquid heat medium) to flow in a predetermined circulation direction through the water piping 30 (heat medium piping) thus formed in a ring shape.
  • This circulation direction is the direction in which the water, which is the liquid heat medium, passes through the pump 18, the water heat exchanger 17, which is a liquid heat exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger 21, which is a load-side air heat exchanger, in that order.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 is a load-side air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the water (liquid heat medium) that flows into the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the air.
  • the indoor fan 22 generates an airflow in an air passage in the indoor unit housing described below, and blows the air so that it passes around the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 heats or cools the air in the room 2 by exchanging heat between the high-temperature or low-temperature water that flows in and the air in the room 2 sent from the indoor fan 22.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 14 in this embodiment is an example of a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and air.
  • the water heat exchanger 17 in this embodiment is an example of a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and water.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 in this embodiment is an example of a third heat exchanger that exchanges heat between water and air.
  • the refrigerant piping 11 connects the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in a ring shape.
  • the water piping 30 connects the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in a ring shape.
  • the water piping 30 has an outward water piping 31 and a return water piping 32.
  • the outward water piping 31 is a piping through which water flows from the water heat exchanger 17, which is the second heat exchanger, to the indoor heat exchanger 21, which is the third heat exchanger.
  • the return water piping 32 is a piping through which water flows from the third heat exchanger, i.e., the indoor heat exchanger 21, to the second heat exchanger, i.e., the water heat exchanger 17.
  • the outdoor unit 10 includes an outdoor unit housing.
  • the outdoor unit housing is the heat source side housing. Inside the outdoor unit housing, refrigerant piping 11, compressor 12, four-way valve 13, outdoor heat exchanger 14, outdoor fan 15, expansion valve 16, water heat exchanger 17, pump 18, and part of the water piping 30 are housed.
  • the indoor unit 20 includes an indoor unit housing. Inside the indoor unit housing, an indoor heat exchanger 21, an indoor fan 22, and part of the water piping 30 are housed.
  • the outdoor unit housing has an intake port and an exhaust port that connect the inside of the outdoor unit housing with the outside. Inside the outdoor unit housing, an air passage is formed that runs from the intake port through the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the outdoor fan 15 to the exhaust port. This air passage is for releasing air taken in from outside the outdoor unit housing to the outside of the outdoor unit housing after heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
  • the indoor unit housing also has a similar intake port, exhaust port, and air passage.
  • the refrigerant circuit and water circuit configured in this manner function as a heat pump that transfers heat between the indoor unit 20 and the outdoor unit 10 by performing heat exchange between the refrigerant and air in the outdoor heat exchanger 14, between the refrigerant and water in the water heat exchanger 17, and between the water and air in the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • it is an indirect type heat pump device that uses a primary circuit (refrigerant circuit) in which a flammable refrigerant circulates and a secondary circuit in which a non-flammable heat medium (water in this case) circulates.
  • a primary circuit in which a flammable refrigerant circulates
  • a secondary circuit in which a non-flammable heat medium (water in this case) circulates.
  • the refrigerant becomes hot and high pressure due to the compressor 12, passes through the four-way valve 13, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 14 functions as a condenser, condensing the refrigerant that has flowed in.
  • the high-temperature refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat with the low-temperature outside air, condensing it and becoming liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant expands through expansion valve 16, becoming a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant with a mixture of gas and liquid phases at low temperature and pressure.
  • This low-temperature two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant flows into water heat exchanger 17, where it exchanges heat with the water circulating through the water circuit and evaporates to become gas refrigerant.
  • This heat exchange cools the water in the water circuit.
  • the water heat exchanger 17 acts as a heat absorber that absorbs heat from the water in the water circuit and cools the water.
  • the gas refrigerant passes through four-way valve 13 and flows back into compressor 12, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant.
  • water is circulated by the pressure generated by the pump.
  • the water that has been cooled in the water heat exchanger 17 and has a low temperature flows from the water pipe 30 in the outdoor unit housing to the water pipe 30 in the indoor unit housing while still at a low temperature.
  • the low-temperature water flowing through the water pipe 30 in the indoor unit housing flows into the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the water that flows into the indoor heat exchanger 21 exchanges heat with the indoor air and is heated. During this process, the indoor air is cooled. The heated water travels to the water piping 30 inside the outdoor unit housing, passes through the pump 18, and flows back into the water heat exchanger 17 where it is cooled and becomes low-temperature water.
  • the refrigerant in the primary refrigerant circuit is heated to high temperature and pressure by the compressor 12, and passes through the four-way valve 13 and flows into the water heat exchanger 17.
  • the refrigerant that flows into the water heat exchanger 17 exchanges heat with the water circulating in the water circuit, condensing and becoming liquid refrigerant.
  • the water circulating in the water circuit is heated.
  • the water heat exchanger 17 functions as a radiator and heats the water flowing in the water circuit.
  • the liquid refrigerant expands through the expansion valve 16, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant.
  • the two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 14 functions as an evaporator, evaporating the refrigerant that has flowed in.
  • the two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat with the outside air, evaporating and becoming a gas refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flows back into the compressor 12 through the four-way valve 13, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant.
  • water is circulated by the pressure generated by the pump 18.
  • the low-temperature water cooled by the water heat exchanger 17 flows at a high temperature from the water pipe 30 in the outdoor unit housing to the water pipe 30 in the indoor unit housing.
  • the high-temperature water flowing through the water pipe 30 in the indoor unit housing flows into the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the water that flows into the indoor heat exchanger 21 exchanges heat with the indoor air and is cooled. During this process, the indoor air is heated. The cooled water travels to the water piping 30 inside the outdoor unit housing, passes through the pump 18, and flows back into the water heat exchanger 17 where it is heated and becomes high-temperature water.
  • the heat pump device is equipped with an air vent valve 19.
  • the air vent valve 19 is provided in a portion of the water piping 30 that is housed in the outdoor unit housing. In other words, the air vent valve 19 is housed inside the outdoor unit housing.
  • the air vent valve 19 is a valve that can discharge gases such as air inside the water piping 30 to the outside.
  • a float-type automatic air vent valve is used as the air vent valve 19.
  • a float-type automatic air vent valve has a sealing function that prevents air from flowing back using a float, and can only discharge gases in the water. More specifically, under normal circumstances, the inside of the air vent valve 19 is filled with water, and is sealed by the opening and the float coming into close contact. When air accumulates inside the air vent valve 19, the float floats on the water and descends to the water surface, creating a gap between the opening and the float, allowing only the air to be discharged to the outside.
  • the air vent valve 19 is provided in the forward water pipe 31.
  • the pump 18 is provided in the return water pipe 32. If air is present in the water pipe 30 of the water circuit, the smooth flow of water is hindered. Furthermore, if air gets into the pump 18, it may run idle (so-called "air trapped") and be unable to circulate water. If air is present in the water circuit, the air circulates through the water circuit together with the water, which is the heat medium, when the air conditioner is in cooling or heating operation. When the air circulating through the water circuit passes through the air vent valve 19 provided in the forward water pipe 31, the air is discharged from the air vent valve 19 to the outside of the water circuit. In this way, air is prevented from entering the pump 18, and the pump 18 can be prevented from running idle.
  • the forward water pipe 31 includes a large diameter section 33.
  • the large diameter section 33 has a larger pipe diameter than the other parts of the forward water pipe 31. That is, the large diameter section 33 has a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the parts of the forward water pipe 31 other than the large diameter section 33.
  • the pipe diameter of the parts of the forward water pipe 31 other than the large diameter section 33 is equal to the pipe diameter of the return water pipe 32. Therefore, the large diameter section 33 has the largest flow path cross-sectional area not only in the forward water pipe 31 but also in the entire water pipe 30.
  • the large diameter section 33 is positioned vertically above the remaining portion of the forward water piping 31.
  • the entire large diameter section 33 is positioned vertically above the remaining portion of the forward water piping 31. That is, the large diameter section 33 is provided at the highest point in the forward water piping 31.
  • the forward water piping 31 is positioned vertically above the return water piping 32. For this reason, the large diameter section 33 is provided at the highest point not only in the forward water piping 31 but also in the entire water piping 30.
  • the air vent valve 19 is provided in the large diameter section 33 of the outflow water pipe 31.
  • the large diameter section 33 has a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the other parts of the outflow water pipe 31. Therefore, the flow rate of the water in the large diameter section 33 is slower than the flow rate of the water in the other parts of the outflow water pipe 31.
  • low-temperature refrigerant flows into the water heat exchanger 17 during cooling operation of the air conditioner.
  • refrigerant below 0 degrees Celsius may flow into the water heat exchanger 17, causing the water circulating through the water circuit to freeze, and the water heat exchanger 17 to be damaged by the volumetric expansion of the water caused by freezing.
  • the water heat exchanger 17 may also be damaged due to, for example, deterioration over time, external stress, etc.
  • the refrigerant flow path and the water flow path in the water heat exchanger 17 may become connected.
  • the internal pressure of the refrigerant pipe 11 is higher than the internal pressure of the water pipe 30, so there is a possibility that the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe 11 of the refrigerant circuit may enter the water pipe 30 of the water circuit.
  • the refrigerant that flows into the water heat exchanger 17 during heating operation is a high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 12. Therefore, if the water heat exchanger 17 is damaged during heating operation and the refrigerant flow path and water flow path in the water heat exchanger 17 become connected, the refrigerant in a gaseous state will enter the water piping 30 of the water circuit, and the entered refrigerant will flow through the water circuit in gaseous form.
  • the refrigerant that flows into the water heat exchanger 17 during cooling operation is a low-temperature two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. Therefore, if the water heat exchanger 17 is damaged during cooling operation and the refrigerant flow path and water flow path in the water heat exchanger 17 become connected, the two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant will enter the water piping 30 of the water circuit. Of these, the liquid phase refrigerant is heated by the water when it enters the water piping 30 and vaporizes. On the other hand, the gas phase refrigerant remains in gas form. Therefore, even during cooling operation, the refrigerant that enters the water piping 30 flows in gas form within the water circuit. In other words, during both heating operation and cooling operation, the refrigerant that enters the water piping 30 flows in gas form within the water circuit.
  • the refrigerant gas that has entered the water circuit in the water heat exchanger 17 flows together with water from the water heat exchanger 17 to the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the forward water piping 31 due to the pressure generated by the pump 18.
  • a two-phase gas-liquid flow is formed in which liquid water and gas-phase refrigerant flow simultaneously.
  • the flow pattern of the two-phase gas-liquid flow in the horizontal flow path changes according to the flow speed of the liquid phase in an area where the flow speed of the gas phase is approximately slower than 1 m/s. In other words, when the flow speed of the liquid phase is sufficiently slow, it becomes a stratified flow.
  • a stratified flow is a continuous layered flow with the liquid phase on the vertical lower side and the gas phase on the vertical upper side.
  • the stratified flow becomes a shear flow.
  • a shear flow the state in which the gas phase is above the liquid phase is the same as a stratified flow, but the gas phase becomes discontinuous.
  • the shear flow becomes a bubbly flow.
  • bubbly flow the gas phase exists as bubbles that are evenly distributed throughout the liquid phase.
  • the refrigerant gas that has entered the water circuit at the water heat exchanger 17 flows together with water in the outward water piping 31 from the water heat exchanger 17 toward the indoor heat exchanger 21, and reaches the location where the air vent valve 19 is installed. At this time, if the liquid phase flow rate in the outward water piping 31 is fast, it will become a bubbly flow, and there is a possibility that the refrigerant gas bubbles will pass downstream without being discharged from the air vent valve 19.
  • the air vent valve 19 is provided in the large diameter section 33 of the outward water piping 31.
  • the flow path cross-sectional area is large and the liquid phase flow rate is slow. This prevents air bubble flow from dominating in the large diameter section 33, and allows the large diameter section 33 to become a stratified flow or a spiral flow. In a stratified flow, the gas and liquid are separated, and even in a spiral flow, the gas and liquid are largely separated. Therefore, the refrigerant gas present in the gas phase in the large diameter section 33 can be efficiently discharged from the air vent valve 19 to the outside of the water piping 30.
  • the air vent valve 19 should be located at the vertically uppermost position in the large diameter section 33.
  • the air vent valve 19 may be located directly in the large diameter section 33, or the air vent valve 19 may be located via a pipe branching off from the large diameter section 33.
  • the pipe branching off from the large diameter section 33 should be located so that it extends vertically upward from the branch point.
  • an air vent valve may be provided in the indoor unit 20.
  • the heat pump device configured as described above, if the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit enters the water circuit due to damage to the water heat exchanger or the like, the refrigerant that has entered the water circuit can be efficiently discharged out of the water circuit. Furthermore, while increasing the pipe diameter of the entire water piping 30 or the entire outward water piping 31 increases the amount of water required for the water circuit, the heat pump device disclosed herein increases the pipe diameter of only the large diameter section 33 where the air vent valve 19 is provided, thereby suppressing the increase in the amount of water required for the water circuit and reducing the flow rate passing through the location where the air vent valve 19 is installed, thereby allowing the refrigerant that has entered the water circuit to be efficiently discharged out of the water circuit.
  • the large diameter section 33 has a cylindrical shape with its central axis arranged along the vertical direction.
  • the outward water pipe 31 has an inlet section 34 and an outlet section 35.
  • the inlet section 34 is connected below the upper end of the upper part of the large diameter section 33.
  • the inlet section 34 is connected to the lower end of the large diameter section 33.
  • the inlet section 34 allows water to flow into the vertical upper part of the large diameter section 33.
  • the outlet section 35 allows water to flow out from the vertical lower part of the large diameter section 33.
  • the inlet 34 allows water to flow into the large diameter portion 33 along the tangential direction of the cylindrical shape of the large diameter portion 33.
  • the horizontal cross section of the large diameter portion 33 is circular.
  • the tangential direction of the cylindrical shape of the large diameter portion 33 here means the tangential direction of the circular shape of the large diameter portion 33 in the horizontal cross section.
  • the water that flows into the large diameter section 33 from the inlet 34 descends while swirling along the inner wall of the large diameter section 33. This creates a swirling flow in the large diameter section 33. Then, due to the centrifugal force acting on the swirling flow in the large diameter section 33, the relatively heavy liquid water is biased toward the outer periphery of the large diameter section 33, while the relatively light gas phase refrigerant gas gathers at the center of the large diameter section 33. In this way, gas and liquid can be separated in the large diameter section 33 by the so-called cyclone principle. The separated refrigerant gas can then be efficiently discharged from the air vent valve 19 provided in the large diameter section 33.
  • the large diameter section 33 may be bent into an L-shape. In this way, the water flow entering the large diameter section 33 can be weakened by colliding with the inner wall of the large diameter section 33, and the liquid phase flow rate within the large diameter section 33 can be further slowed. This makes it easier for stratified flow to prevail within the large diameter section 33, and the refrigerant gas present in the gas phase within the large diameter section 33 can be separated from the liquid phase water and efficiently discharged to the outside of the water piping 30 through the air vent valve 19.
  • FIG. 6 and Fig. 7 are diagrams showing configurations of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • the heat pump device according to the second embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. Configurations that are not described are basically the same as those in the first embodiment. In the following description, configurations that are the same as or correspond to those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment.
  • the outflow water pipe 31 includes a diameter expandable section 36.
  • the diameter expandable section 36 is made of an elastic body such as rubber.
  • the water pipe 30 other than the diameter expandable section 36 is made of a rigid body such as copper or polyethylene.
  • the air vent valve 19 is provided in the diameter expandable section 36 of the outflow water pipe 31.
  • the diameter expandable section 36 can expand and contract in the pipe diameter direction according to the pressure in the outflow water piping 31. That is, when the pressure in the outflow water piping 31 rises, the diameter expandable section 36 expands as shown in FIG. 7. When the diameter expandable section 36 expands, the flow path cross-sectional area of the diameter expandable section 36 becomes larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the outflow water piping 31 other than the diameter expandable section 36.
  • the pressure in the water pipe 30 rises.
  • the diameter expandable section 36 of the outward water pipe 31 expands as shown in FIG. 7, and the flow path cross-sectional area of the diameter expandable section 36 increases. Therefore, the flow rate of water in the diameter expandable section 36 is slower than the flow rate of water in the parts of the outward water pipe 31 other than the diameter expandable section 36.
  • the flow rate of the liquid phase in the diameter expandable section 36 can be slowed down, and it is possible to suppress the dominance of bubbly flow in the diameter expandable section 36 and make the diameter expandable section 36 a stratified flow or a spiral flow. Therefore, the refrigerant gas present in the gas phase in the diameter expandable section 36 can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the water pipe 30 through the air vent valve 19.
  • the air vent valve 19 should be located at the vertically uppermost position in the diameter expandable/contractable section 36.
  • the air vent valve 19 may be located directly in the diameter expandable/contractable section 36, or the air vent valve 19 may be located via a pipe branching off from the diameter expandable/contractable section 36.
  • the pipe branching off from the diameter expandable/contractable section 36 should be located so that it extends vertically upward from the branch point.
  • At least a part of the diameter expandable section 36 may be disposed vertically above the portion of the outflow water piping 31 other than the diameter expandable section 36.
  • the diameter expansion and contraction section 36 in which the air vent valve 19 is provided normally has the same pipe diameter as the other parts of the water piping 30, so that the flow rate passing through the installation point of the air vent valve 19 can be reduced while suppressing an increase in the amount of water required for the water circuit, and the refrigerant that has entered the water circuit can be efficiently discharged out of the water circuit.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • Figs. 9 and 11 are diagrams showing the configuration of a primary circuit and a secondary circuit of another example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control system of another example of an air conditioner to which a heat pump device is applied.
  • the outward water pipe 31 includes a branching section 37.
  • the flow path branches into multiple paths and then merges into one.
  • the flow path branches into two paths at the branching section 37, but the number of branches is not limited to this.
  • the flow path may branch into three or more paths at the branching section 37.
  • the pipe diameter of each of the branched flow paths at the branch section 37 is, for example, equivalent to the pipe diameter of the forward water piping 31 before branching and after merging. Therefore, the sum of the flow path cross-sectional areas of each of the branched flow paths at the branch section 37 is larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the forward water piping 31 other than the branch section 37. Note that, as long as the sum of the flow path cross-sectional areas of each of the branched flow paths at the branch section 37 is larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the forward water piping 31 other than the branch section 37, the pipe diameter of each of the branched flow paths at the branch section 37 does not have to be equivalent to the pipe diameter of the forward water piping 31 other than the branch section 37.
  • An air vent valve 19 is provided in one of the branched flow paths in the branch section 37.
  • One of the branched flow paths in the branch section 37 may be positioned vertically above the other branched flow paths. In this case, it is preferable to provide the air vent valve 19 in the branched flow path in the branch section 37 that is located at the highest position.
  • the branch 37 may have a main flow path 38 and a secondary flow path 39.
  • the main flow path 38 is provided so as to smoothly connect with the outflow water pipes 31 on the upstream and downstream sides of the branch 37.
  • the flow direction does not change when entering the main flow path 38 from the upstream side of the branch 37.
  • the flow direction also does not change when exiting from the main flow path 38 to the downstream side of the branch 37.
  • the flow direction is bent when entering the secondary flow path 39 from the upstream side of the branch 37.
  • the flow direction also changes when exiting from the secondary flow path 39 to the downstream side of the branch 37. In this way, pressure loss can be reduced for the flow into the main flow path 38.
  • a switching valve 52 may be provided at the inlet to the secondary flow path 39 of the branch 37.
  • the switching valve 52 normally closes the inlet to the secondary flow path 39. If the water heat exchanger 17 is damaged and the refrigerant enters the water circuit, the switching valve 52 opens the inlet to the secondary flow path 39. In this way, flow into the secondary flow path 39 can be prevented under normal circumstances, reducing pressure loss in the water circuit. When the refrigerant enters the water circuit, water can also be circulated in the secondary flow path 39, reducing the flow rate in the branch 37.
  • the control device 50 of the heat pump device controls the opening and closing of the switching valve 52.
  • the control device 50 controls the overall operation of the heat pump device, including the operation of the compressor 12, the four-way valve 13, the outdoor fan 15, the pump 18, and the indoor fan 22.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the heat pump device according to this embodiment.
  • the processing circuit of the control device 50 includes, for example, a processor and a memory (not shown).
  • the control device 50 executes preset processing by having the processor execute a program stored in the memory, thereby controlling the control device 50.
  • the processor is also called a CPU (Central Processing Unit), central processing unit, processing unit, arithmetic unit, microprocessor, microcomputer, or DSP.
  • Memory includes, for example, RAM, ROM, flash memory, non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as EPROM and EEPROM, or magnetic disks, flexible disks, optical disks, compact disks, mini disks, and DVDs.
  • the processing circuit of the control device 50 may be formed as dedicated hardware, for example.
  • a part of the processing circuit of the control device 50 may be formed as dedicated hardware, and the processing circuit may be equipped with a processor and memory.
  • Examples of processing circuits partly formed as dedicated hardware include single circuits, composite circuits, programmed processors, parallel programmed processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or combinations of these.
  • the processor executes a program stored in memory in the control device 50, and the functions of the control device 50 are realized by the cooperation of the hardware and software of the control device 50.
  • the heat pump device is equipped with a pressure sensor 51.
  • the pressure sensor 51 detects the pressure in the water pipe 30 or the refrigerant pipe 11.
  • the control device 50 opens and closes the switching valve 52 based on the detection result of the pressure sensor 51.
  • the control device 50 opens the switching valve 52 when the detected water pressure of the pressure sensor 51 drops below the reference water pressure.
  • the control device 50 opens the switching valve 52 when the detected pressure of the pressure sensor 51 drops below the reference pressure.
  • the control device 50 may open and close the switching valve 52 based on the rotation speed of the pump 18.
  • An air vent valve 19 may be provided in each of the branch flow paths in the branch section 37, or in only one of the branch flow paths. Furthermore, when only one air vent valve 19 is provided, a guide pipe 40 may be provided, for example, as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the guide pipe 40 is a pipe for guiding the refrigerant gas and air from each of the branch flow paths in the branch section 37 to the air vent valve 19. In this way, the air and refrigerant gas in each branch flow path in the branch section 37 can be discharged outside the water pipe 30 with a single air vent valve 19.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit if the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit enters the water circuit due to damage to the water heat exchanger or the like, the refrigerant that has entered the water circuit can be efficiently discharged out of the water circuit.
  • the flow rate passing through the installation location of the air vent valve 19 can be reduced while suppressing an increase in the amount of water required for the water circuit, and the refrigerant that has entered the water circuit can be efficiently discharged out of the water circuit.
  • This invention can be applied to, for example, air conditioners including room air conditioners and commercial packaged air conditioners, water heaters, showcases, refrigerators, chiller systems, etc., and can be used in heat pump devices equipped with a primary circuit (refrigerant circuit) through which a refrigerant circulates and a secondary circuit (heat medium circuit) through which a heat medium circulates.
  • a primary circuit refrigerant circuit
  • a secondary circuit heat medium circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de pompe à chaleur avec lequel un fluide frigorigène dans un circuit de fluide frigorigène peut être efficacement évacué vers l'extérieur d'un circuit d'eau si le fluide frigorigène s'est infiltré dans le circuit d'eau. Par conséquent, le dispositif de pompe à chaleur comprend : un premier échangeur thermique ; un deuxième échangeur thermique ; un troisième échangeur thermique ; un tuyau de réfrigérant qui relie de manière annulaire le premier et le deuxième échangeur thermique ; un tuyau d'eau qui relie de manière annulaire le deuxième et le troisième échangeur thermique ; et une soupape d'évacuation d'air qui peut évacuer un gaz dans le tuyau d'eau vers l'extérieur. Le tuyau d'eau comprend : un tuyau d'eau sortant à travers lequel de l'eau s'écoule du deuxième au troisième échangeur thermique ; et un tuyau d'eau de retour à travers lequel de l'eau s'écoule du troisième au deuxième échangeur thermique. Le tuyau d'eau sortant comprend une section de grand diamètre dans laquelle une surface de section transversale de trajet d'écoulement est supérieure à celle des sections autres que la section de grand diamètre du tuyau d'eau sortant. Au moins une section de la section de grand diamètre est agencée verticalement au-dessus des sections autres que la section de grand diamètre du tuyau d'eau sortant. La soupape d'évacuation d'air est disposée sur la section de grand diamètre.
PCT/JP2022/041992 2022-11-10 2022-11-10 Dispositif de pompe à chaleur WO2024100857A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/041992 WO2024100857A1 (fr) 2022-11-10 2022-11-10 Dispositif de pompe à chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/041992 WO2024100857A1 (fr) 2022-11-10 2022-11-10 Dispositif de pompe à chaleur

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WO2024100857A1 true WO2024100857A1 (fr) 2024-05-16

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4857240A (fr) * 1971-11-17 1973-08-11
JPS5644855U (fr) * 1979-09-13 1981-04-22
WO2018154628A1 (fr) * 2017-02-21 2018-08-30 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
CN212619137U (zh) * 2020-06-02 2021-02-26 朗诗集团股份有限公司 一种空调排气装置及房屋
JP2022162184A (ja) * 2021-04-12 2022-10-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 熱媒体循環システム

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4857240A (fr) * 1971-11-17 1973-08-11
JPS5644855U (fr) * 1979-09-13 1981-04-22
WO2018154628A1 (fr) * 2017-02-21 2018-08-30 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
CN212619137U (zh) * 2020-06-02 2021-02-26 朗诗集团股份有限公司 一种空调排气装置及房屋
JP2022162184A (ja) * 2021-04-12 2022-10-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 熱媒体循環システム

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