WO2024087223A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087223A1
WO2024087223A1 PCT/CN2022/128423 CN2022128423W WO2024087223A1 WO 2024087223 A1 WO2024087223 A1 WO 2024087223A1 CN 2022128423 W CN2022128423 W CN 2022128423W WO 2024087223 A1 WO2024087223 A1 WO 2024087223A1
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Prior art keywords
codeword
frequency domain
symbol
configuration information
terminal device
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PCT/CN2022/128423
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏帆
王磊
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/128423 priority Critical patent/WO2024087223A1/zh
Publication of WO2024087223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087223A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • NR new radio
  • the present application provides a communication method and apparatus for reducing interference between terminal devices.
  • a communication method which can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the terminal device.
  • the following is an explanation of the method being executed by a terminal device.
  • the communication method includes: the terminal device obtains a plurality of symbols, each symbol includes at least one codeword, and a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword.
  • the terminal device maps at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • the terminal device processes the frequency domain signal corresponding to each symbol, obtains the time domain signal corresponding to the symbol, and sends the time domain signal corresponding to each symbol to the network device.
  • the terminal device when there is at least one codeword in a symbol, can map at least one codeword of the same symbol to different frequency domain units to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to each symbol, and there is an interval between the frequency domain units to which the codeword elements included in each codeword are mapped.
  • the terminal device can process the frequency domain signals corresponding to multiple symbols separately to obtain the time domain signals corresponding to the multiple symbols. While reducing the PAPR of the time domain signal corresponding to the symbol, the multiple access interference between terminal devices is reduced.
  • the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent pilot codeword elements are equal; the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent data codeword elements are equal. That is, the codeword elements included in the same codeword can be mapped to at least one frequency domain unit in an equidistant manner.
  • a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and at least one data codeword
  • the at least one pilot codeword and the at least one data codeword are mapped to different frequency domain units, so that it can be ensured that there is no interference between the pilot codeword and the data codeword in a symbol.
  • the terminal device may map at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit according to the configuration information to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • the configuration information includes one or more of resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol, resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols, and frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol
  • resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols
  • frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • the configuration information further includes sparse configuration information for performing sparse processing on time domain codeword elements within a symbol.
  • At least one codeword corresponds to multiple layers
  • the terminal device may map codewords corresponding to different layers to different frequency domain units.
  • At least one codeword corresponds to multiple layers
  • the terminal device may process the codeword corresponding to each layer separately, and map the processed codeword to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • the configuration information also includes a frequency hopping pattern
  • the terminal device can determine the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to at least one codeword according to the first matrix.
  • the elements in the first matrix correspond to a resource block, and when the element is the first character, the resource block corresponding to the element is an available resource block.
  • the terminal device maps at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit according to the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to the at least one codeword to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • a communication method which can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the network device.
  • the communication method includes: the network device receives a time domain signal corresponding to a plurality of symbols from a terminal device, the time domain signal corresponding to each symbol is determined according to the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol, and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol is obtained by mapping at least one codeword in the symbol to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • At least one codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword, different codewords are mapped to different frequency domain units, and there is a gap between the frequency domain units to which the codeword elements included in the same codeword are mapped.
  • the network device parses the time domain signal to obtain at least one codeword for each symbol.
  • the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent pilot codeword elements are equal; the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent data codeword elements are equal. That is, the codeword elements included in the same codeword are mapped to at least one frequency domain unit in an equidistant manner.
  • a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and at least one data codeword
  • the at least one pilot codeword and the at least one data codeword are mapped to different frequency domain units.
  • the method further includes: the network device sends, to the terminal device, configuration information for mapping at least one codeword of each symbol to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • the configuration information includes one or more of resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol, resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols, and frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol
  • resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols
  • frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • the configuration information further includes sparse configuration information for performing sparse processing on time domain codeword elements within a symbol.
  • At least one codeword corresponds to multiple layers, and codewords corresponding to different layers are mapped to different frequency domain units.
  • At least one codeword includes multiple layers, and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol is obtained by processing the codeword corresponding to each layer separately and mapping it to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • the configuration information further includes a frequency hopping pattern
  • the method further includes: the network device sends a first matrix to the terminal, and an element in the first matrix corresponds to a resource block.
  • an element is a first character
  • the resource block corresponding to the element is an available resource block.
  • the frequency domain signal is obtained by mapping at least one codeword to at least one frequency domain unit according to the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to the at least one codeword.
  • a communication device in a third aspect, is provided, and the beneficial effects can refer to the description of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the behavior in the method example of the first aspect.
  • the function can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device includes: a transceiver module, which is used to obtain multiple symbols, each symbol includes at least one codeword, a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword, different codewords are mapped to different frequency domain units, and there is a gap between the frequency domain units mapped by the codeword elements included in the same codeword.
  • a processing module is used to map at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • the processing module is also used to process the frequency domain signal corresponding to each symbol to obtain a time domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • the transceiver module is also used to send the time domain signal corresponding to each symbol to a network device.
  • the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent pilot codeword elements are equal; the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent data codeword elements are equal. That is, at least one codeword element can be mapped to at least one frequency domain unit in an equidistant manner.
  • a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and at least one data codeword
  • the at least one pilot codeword and the at least one data codeword are mapped to different frequency domain units.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to map at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit according to the configuration information to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • the configuration information includes one or more of resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol, resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols, and frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol
  • resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols
  • frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • the configuration information further includes sparse configuration information for performing sparse processing on time domain codeword elements within a symbol.
  • At least one codeword corresponds to multiple layers
  • the processing module specifically maps codewords corresponding to different layers to different frequency domain units.
  • At least one codeword corresponds to multiple layers
  • the processing module is specifically configured to process the codeword corresponding to each layer respectively, and map the processed codeword to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • the configuration information further includes a frequency hopping pattern
  • the processing module is further used to determine the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to at least one codeword according to the first matrix.
  • an element in the first matrix corresponds to a resource block, and when the element is the first character, the resource block corresponding to the element is an available resource block.
  • the processing module is specifically used to map at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit according to the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to the at least one codeword, and obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • a communication device in a fourth aspect, is provided, and the beneficial effects can refer to the description of the second aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the behavior in the method example of the second aspect.
  • the function can be implemented by hardware, or it can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device includes: a transceiver module, which is used to receive time domain signals corresponding to multiple symbols from a terminal device, and the time domain signal corresponding to each symbol is determined according to the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol, and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol is obtained by mapping at least one codeword in the symbol to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • At least one codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword, and different codewords are mapped to different frequency domain units, and there is a gap between the frequency domain units mapped to the codeword elements included in the same codeword.
  • a processing module is used to parse the time domain signal to obtain at least one codeword for each symbol.
  • the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent pilot codeword elements are equal; the intervals between frequency domain units mapped by any adjacent data codeword elements are equal. That is, the codeword elements included in the same codeword are mapped to at least one frequency domain unit in an equidistant manner.
  • a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and at least one data codeword
  • the at least one pilot codeword and the at least one data codeword are mapped to different frequency domain units.
  • the transceiver module is further used to send configuration information for mapping at least one codeword of each symbol to at least one frequency domain unit to the terminal device.
  • the configuration information includes one or more of resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol, resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols, and frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • resource configuration information for indicating frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in each symbol
  • resource mapping pattern configuration information for indicating the arrangement of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in one or more symbols
  • frequency hopping sequence configuration information for indicating position information of frequency domain units corresponding to codewords in symbols.
  • the configuration information further includes sparse configuration information for performing sparse processing on time domain codeword elements within a symbol.
  • At least one codeword corresponds to multiple layers, and codewords corresponding to different layers are mapped to different frequency domain units.
  • At least one codeword includes multiple layers, and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol is obtained by processing the codeword corresponding to each layer separately and mapping it to at least one frequency domain unit.
  • the configuration information also includes a frequency hopping pattern
  • the transceiver module is further used to send a first matrix to the terminal, wherein an element in the first matrix corresponds to a resource block.
  • the resource block corresponding to the element is an available resource block.
  • the frequency domain signal is obtained by mapping at least one codeword to at least one frequency domain unit according to the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to at least one codeword.
  • a communication device may be a terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a chip provided in the terminal device.
  • the communication device includes: at least one processor; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory, so that the communication device performs the communication method described in the above first aspect.
  • the memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor.
  • the communication device may be the terminal device of the above first aspect, or a device included in the above terminal device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device also includes the above-mentioned memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface.
  • a communication device may be a network device in the above method embodiment, or a chip provided in the network device.
  • the communication device includes: at least one processor; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory, so that the communication device performs the communication method described in the second aspect.
  • the memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor.
  • the communication device may be the network device in the second aspect, or a device included in the network device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device also includes the above-mentioned memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface.
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the communication device can execute the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute the method described in the first or second aspect above.
  • the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor for implementing the functions of a terminal device or a network device in the above-mentioned methods.
  • the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the communication system may include a network device and at least one terminal device.
  • the terminal device is used to: obtain multiple symbols, each symbol includes at least one codeword, and a codeword includes at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword; map at least one codeword in the same symbol to at least one frequency domain unit to obtain a frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol. Different codewords are mapped to different frequency domain units, and there is a gap between the frequency domain units mapped to the codeword elements included in the same codeword; process the frequency domain signal corresponding to each symbol to obtain the time domain signal corresponding to the symbol, and send the time domain signal corresponding to each symbol to the network device.
  • the network device is used to receive time domain signals corresponding to multiple symbols from at least one terminal, and parse each time domain signal to obtain at least one codeword for each symbol.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2A is a schematic diagram of a structure of a transmission signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2B is a schematic diagram of the structure of another transmission signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a method for processing a transmission signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another method for processing a transmission signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a codeword mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a sparse pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a time-frequency signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12A is a schematic diagram of another symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12B is a schematic diagram of another symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a frequency hopping pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of another symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a time-frequency signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a frequency hopping pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a time-frequency signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG21 is a schematic diagram of another symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG22 is a schematic diagram of another symbol mapping method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a method for processing a time-frequency signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG25 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • orthogonal multiple access methods such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the frame structure of the NR system is given by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) TS 38.211, including time domain resources and frequency domain resources
  • FIG1 is a structure of a radio frame of a NR frame structure in the time domain resources provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the length of the NR radio frame is defined as 10 milliseconds (ms)
  • ms milliseconds
  • a radio frame contains 10 subframes, each of which is 1 ms long.
  • a subframe is further divided into several time slots, and the specific number depends on the subcarrier spacing. Regardless of the size of the subcarrier spacing, a time slot contains 14 OFDM symbols.
  • the number of time slots included in a subframe is related to the subcarrier spacing of the subframe.
  • the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz (kHz) and 30kHz.
  • PRB Physical resource block
  • a demodulation reference signal can be configured in the time slot to perform channel estimation through DMRS.
  • DMRS can be called a pilot signal or a pilot codeword, and the configuration method of DMRS signal is different in different scenarios.
  • the network device may configure the DMRS at a front position of the transmitted data to obtain a transmission signal as shown in FIG2A, wherein the transmission signal includes the DMRS (which may be referred to as a pre-DMRS).
  • the terminal device may first parse the transmission signal to obtain the pre-DMRS, and perform channel estimation based on the pre-DMRS to determine the channel state information of the channel for receiving the data, and then receive the data based on the estimated channel state information.
  • the network device can configure an additional DMRS, that is, configure another DMRS (which can be called an additional DMRS) on the basis of Figure 2A to obtain a transmission signal as shown in Figure 2B, which includes a pre-DMRS and an additional DMRS.
  • the terminal device can receive data based on the channel state information obtained by channel estimation using the pre-DMRS and the additional DMRS. In this way, the problem of a high error probability when the terminal device decodes the data due to rapid changes in the channel is avoided.
  • the network device when the network device sends a codeword (such as a data codeword (or data), a pilot codeword, etc.) to the terminal device, the codeword is modulated to obtain a modulation symbol, and the modulation symbol is subjected to operations such as serial-to-parallel conversion (S/P) and frequency domain carrier mapping, and then subjected to inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT)/inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) transformation, parallel-to-serial conversion (P/S), prefix CP addition, etc., to obtain a cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) waveform transmission signal (or time domain transmission signal).
  • a codeword such as a data codeword (or data), a pilot codeword, etc.
  • the transmission signal of the CP-OFDM waveform since the transmission signal is a superposition of a large number of modulated carriers, the instantaneous power of the transmission signal varies greatly, and the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) (peak-to-average ratio, i.e., the ratio of the peak power of the time domain signal to the average power) of the time domain transmission signal is high.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • the NR protocol introduces a single-carrier DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which can be regarded as an OFDM waveform based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoding. That is, before performing IFFT on the transmitted codeword, FFT precoding is performed first. Since a single-carrier signal is transmitted in the time domain after DFT/FFT precoding, the PAPR of the signal can be effectively reduced.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the pilots are concentrated on several specific OFDM symbols, which is not conducive to channel estimation when the channel changes rapidly on each OFDM symbol in high-speed mobile scenarios.
  • no sparse design is introduced for the data and pilot parts, resulting in a large number of user terminals accessing communication resources such as time domain resources and frequency domain resources at the same time, increasing multiple access interference.
  • SCMA sparse coded multiple access
  • N 4
  • One signature sequence corresponds to the data in one OFDM symbol
  • one signature sequence corresponds to indicating four subcarriers. The 0 and 1 in the signature sequence indicate whether it is sent on the corresponding subcarrier.
  • the terminal device configures signature sequence 1
  • it indicates that it only selects the first two of the four subcarriers to send data.
  • signature sequence 3 indicates that it selects subcarrier 1 and subcarrier 3 to send data.
  • the sparse signature sequence in SCMA can reduce the number of terminal devices interfering on the unit resource. For example, assume that the system contains 6 accessed terminal devices, and each terminal device is assigned a different signature sequence. As shown in Figure 5, each signature sequence corresponds to 4 different codebooks (or high-dimensional constellation points), and the terminal device selects the corresponding codeword according to the mapping relationship of its information bit. Due to the sparsity of the signature sequence, the number of terminal devices superimposed on the unit subcarrier can be reduced from 6 to 3.
  • a preprocessing module is introduced to reduce the PAPR of the signal by performing certain preprocessing on the transmitted codeword.
  • the preprocessing module may include DFT precoding of the codeword (similar to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform) or predefining certain low PAPR mapping functions, as shown in Table 1, which shows three low PAPR mapping functions with a sequence length of 4.
  • the above-mentioned method of adding a preprocessing module can reduce the PAPR of the signal through preprocessing, there is also the following problem: after the original transmission signal is preprocessed based on operations such as DFT, the transmission signal will no longer be sparse in the frequency domain, resulting in the sparsity of the frame structure being unable to be flexibly controlled.
  • the above-mentioned method of adding a preprocessing module only includes the design of data codewords, and does not consider the low PAPR design of the pilot and data joint signal.
  • a flexible and configurable sparse frame structure resource mapping scheme in which the sparse frame structure includes two poles: base matrix (first level) and sparse subgraph (second level).
  • the base matrix is a binary matrix.
  • the base matrix may include multiple elements, and the values of the multiple elements may be 1 or 0.
  • Element 1 indicates that the corresponding time-frequency resource region sends data symbols or pilot symbols.
  • Element 0 indicates that the corresponding time-frequency region is vacant.
  • a sparse subgraph refers to a mapping pattern of pilot symbols or data symbols in the time-frequency resource area represented by the element "1" in the base matrix, which contains a total of P ⁇ Q time-frequency resources.
  • P and Q are positive integers.
  • the terminal device maps data symbols or pilot symbols to R ⁇ P ⁇ Q time-frequency resources, and the remaining resources are vacant.
  • the blank area of the sparse subgraph indicates that the time-frequency resources in this area are vacant, and the time-frequency resources in other areas are used to send data or pilots.
  • the overall sparsity of the frame structure can be flexibly configured by adjusting the sparsity of the base matrix and the sparse subgraph.
  • the technical effect of random distribution of pilot and data symbols in the frame structure can be achieved, supporting data communication in high-speed mobile scenarios.
  • the frequency hopping pattern of the sparse frame structure is relatively irregular, the carrier position and number of the inserted pilot or data are relatively random in each OFDM symbol. In this case, the instantaneous power change of the time domain transmission signal after the superposition of the pilot and data obtained after the IFFT transformation is large, which leads to a higher PAPR of the time domain transmission signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which aims to design a pilot and data mixed frame structure with low PAPR characteristics.
  • the method may include: the terminal device obtains at least one OFDM symbol (or symbol), and an OFDM symbol includes at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword.
  • the terminal device maps at least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword in the symbol to different frequency domain units to obtain the frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol.
  • the terminal device can process the frequency domain signal corresponding to each symbol to obtain the time domain signal (or time domain transmission signal) corresponding to the symbol. In this way, the terminal device can send the time domain signal corresponding to each symbol to the network device.
  • At least one codeword may correspond to at least one transmission layer (or layer).
  • the OFDM symbol may include one or more layers.
  • At least one pilot codeword and/or at least one data codeword may include the following two situations:
  • the OFDM symbol includes one layer
  • the OFDM symbol includes at least one pilot codeword or at least one data codeword
  • the at least one pilot codeword or at least one data codeword corresponds to one layer.
  • This scenario can be called a single-layer communication scenario. Specifically, the communication process in this application scenario is shown in Figure 13 below.
  • the OFDM symbol includes multiple layers
  • one layer may correspond to at least one pilot codeword or at least one data codeword.
  • This application scenario may be referred to as a multi-layer communication scenario. Specifically, the communication process in this application scenario is shown in FIG. 15 below.
  • the time domain signal corresponding to the at least one codeword has a low PAPR characteristic.
  • the devices in the network in the embodiment of the present application can flexibly configure parameters such as frame structure sparsity and pilot data resource mapping position as needed.
  • the sparse frame structure also has the characteristic of low PAPR of the time domain transmission signal, enabling data communication of users at different coverage levels and supporting specific needs in different communication scenarios.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to 5G NR systems and can also be applied to other communication systems, such as the next generation (6G) communication system, as long as there is an entity in the communication system that sends configuration information to another entity, sends data to another entity, or receives data sent by another entity; the other entity receives the configuration information, and sends data to the entity sending the configuration information according to the configuration information, or receives data sent by the entity sending the configuration information.
  • 6G next generation
  • the network device and the terminal devices 1 to 6 form a communication system.
  • the terminal devices 1 to 6 can send uplink data to the network device, and the network device needs to receive the uplink data sent by the terminal devices 1 to 6.
  • the network device can send configuration information to the terminal devices 1 to 6.
  • terminal devices 4 to 6 can also form a communication system.
  • the sending entity and the receiving entity of the configuration information can also be terminal devices.
  • terminal device 1 sends configuration information to terminal device 2 and receives data sent by terminal device 2; terminal device 2 receives the configuration information sent by terminal device 1 and sends data to terminal device 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to a communication system as shown in FIG9.
  • the communication system can be a single-hop or multi-hop relay system including a relay node.
  • the relay can be in the form of a small station, an integrated access and backhauling (IAB) node, a distributed unit (DU), a terminal, a transmitter and receiver point (TRP), etc.
  • IAB integrated access and backhauling
  • DU distributed unit
  • terminal a terminal and receiver point
  • TRP transmitter and receiver point
  • Figures 8 and 9 are only exemplary framework diagrams.
  • the number of nodes included in Figures 8 and 9 is not limited. For example, more terminals may be included.
  • other nodes may also be included, such as: core network equipment, gateway equipment, application servers, etc., without restriction.
  • the network device is mainly used to implement functions such as resource scheduling, wireless resource management, and wireless access control of the terminal.
  • the network device can be any node in a small base station, a wireless access point, a TRP, a transmission point (TP), and some other access nodes.
  • the device for implementing the function of the network device can be a network device, or it can be a device that can support the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system (such as a processing system composed of one chip or multiple chips) or a modem.
  • a chip system such as a processing system composed of one chip or multiple chips
  • the following takes the device for implementing the function of the network device as an example, which is a network device, to describe the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device may be a terminal or user equipment (UE) or a mobile station (MS) or a mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer or a computer with wireless transceiver function, or a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a smart home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer or a computer with wireless transceiver function, or a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a smart home,
  • the device for realizing the function of the terminal device may be a terminal device, or may be a device that can support the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system (e.g., a processing system composed of one chip or multiple chips) or a modem.
  • a chip system e.g., a processing system composed of one chip or multiple chips
  • a modem e.g., a modem
  • each device shown in FIG8 or FIG9 can adopt the composition structure shown in FIG10, or include the components shown in FIG10.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may include a processor 1001 and a memory 1004. Further, the communication device 1000 may also include a communication line 1002 and a communication interface 1003. Among them, the processor 1001, the memory 1004 and the communication interface 1003 may be connected through the communication line 1002.
  • Processor 1001 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof.
  • Processor 1001 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.
  • the communication line 1002 is used to transmit information between the components included in the communication device 1000.
  • the communication interface 1003 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks.
  • the other communication networks may be Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.
  • the communication interface 1003 may be a module, a circuit, a transceiver or any device capable of achieving communication.
  • the memory 1004 is used to store instructions, where the instructions may be computer programs.
  • the memory 1004 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and/or instructions, or a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and/or instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc), magnetic disk storage medium, other magnetic storage devices, without limitation.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • optical disc storage including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc
  • magnetic disk storage medium other magnetic storage devices, without limitation.
  • the memory 1004 may exist independently of the processor 1001 or may be integrated with the processor 1001.
  • the memory 1004 may be used to store instructions or program codes or some data, etc.
  • the memory 1004 may be located inside the communication device 1000 or outside the communication device 1000, without limitation.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 1004 to implement the communication method provided in the following embodiments of the present application. For example, when the communication device 1000 is a first session management function network element or a chip or system on chip in the first session management function network element, the processor 1001 executes the instructions stored in the memory 1004 to implement the steps performed by the first session management function network element in the following embodiments of the present application. For another example, when the communication device 1000 is an access network device or a chip or system on chip in an access network device, the processor 1001 may execute the instructions stored in the memory 1004 to implement the steps performed by the access network device in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 1001 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 10 .
  • the communication device 1000 includes multiple processors.
  • it may also include a processor 1007 .
  • the communication device 1000 further includes an output device 1005 and an input device 1006.
  • the input device 1006 is a device such as a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone or a joystick
  • the output device 1005 is a device such as a display screen and a speaker.
  • the communication device 1000 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device having a similar structure as shown in FIG10.
  • the composition structure shown in FIG10 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.
  • the chip system may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • each device may have the components shown in Figure 10, and the actions, terms, etc. involved in the various embodiments may refer to each other.
  • the message name or parameter name in the message exchanged between devices in each embodiment is only an example, and other names may also be used in the specific implementation.
  • "configuration” can be replaced with "setting”. This is a unified description, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the principle block diagram of the method can be shown in FIG11: the data codewords are sparsely processed (such as zero padding) to obtain corresponding sparse codewords.
  • the terminal device performs a J1 -point FFT transform on the sparse codeword x to obtain the corresponding frequency domain symbol.
  • J 1 and n are positive integers. Then, the terminal device inserts the codeword elements/symbols included in the frequency domain codeword into the subcarrier in an evenly spaced manner, and obtains the time domain signal by performing an N-point IFFT transformation.
  • the codeword elements/symbols included in the pilot codeword can be called pilot codeword elements/symbols
  • the codeword elements/symbols included in the data codeword can be called data codeword elements/symbols.
  • the principle block diagram of the method can be shown in FIG. 12A or FIG. 12B: sparse processing (such as zero padding operation) is performed on the data symbol and the pilot symbol respectively to obtain the corresponding sparse codewords.
  • the sparse codeword of the data symbol can be a sparse codeword with a length of J1.
  • the terminal device performs a J 1 -point FFT transformation on the sparse codeword x to obtain the corresponding frequency domain codeword symbol. Then, the terminal device inserts the frequency domain codeword symbol into the subcarrier in an evenly spaced manner, and obtains the time domain signal by performing an N-point IFFT transform.
  • the pilot codeword symbol can also be processed in the same way, except that during the FFT transform, the pilot symbol is an J 2 -point FFT transform.
  • N is the number of sampling points of the time domain signal, and N is a positive integer greater than J 1 .
  • the scenario in Figure 12A refers to a symbol including a layer of data codewords and a layer of pilot codewords.
  • the scenario in Figure 12B refers to a symbol including multiple layers of data codewords and a layer of pilot codewords.
  • sparse processing is optional, and the terminal device may not perform sparse processing on the symbols.
  • FIG. 13 is a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 13 , the method may include:
  • the terminal device obtains multiple symbols.
  • a symbol includes a layer, and the layer may include at least one pilot codeword or at least one data codeword.
  • the pilot codeword may be replaced by a pilot code, such as the DMRS pilot mentioned above.
  • the data codeword may be replaced by data, which is a symbol corresponding to the data.
  • At least one codeword may be distributed in a symbol in a sparse manner.
  • the sparse manner may refer to the presence of intervals between adjacent codeword elements/symbols in the same codeword.
  • the intervals between adjacent codeword elements/symbols may be 1, 2, etc.
  • the codeword length may refer to the number of codeword elements/symbols included in the codeword.
  • the codeword length may be 4, 6, 8, etc.
  • At least one pilot codeword distributed in a sparse manner may be referred to as a sparse pilot
  • at least one data codeword distributed in a sparse manner may be referred to as sparse data
  • the codeword length corresponding to the pilot codeword may be referred to as the length of the sparse pilot
  • the codeword length corresponding to the digital codeword may be referred to as the length of the sparse data.
  • the length of the sparse pilot and the length of the sparse data in a symbol can be set as needed, for example, can be pre-defined by a protocol, or configured by a network device to a terminal device without restriction.
  • the network device may send configuration information to the terminal device through signaling (such as radio resource control (RRC) signaling).
  • the configuration information may include sparse configuration information.
  • the sparse configuration information may be used to perform sparse processing on the time domain codewords within the symbol.
  • the configuration information may include a codeword length corresponding to the pilot codeword and a codeword length corresponding to the data codeword.
  • At least one pilot codeword and at least one data codeword being located in the same symbol can be understood as at least one pilot codeword and at least one data codeword being located in the same OFDM symbol on time domain resources.
  • at least one pilot codeword located in the OFDM symbol can be referred to as a pilot time domain signal
  • at least one data codeword located in the OFDM symbol can be referred to as a data time domain signal.
  • the codeword elements/symbols included in the pilot codeword within the symbol and the codeword elements/symbols included in the data codeword may not be subjected to sparse processing.
  • the terminal device After processing at least one codeword in the same symbol, the terminal device maps it to multiple subcarriers to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • Different codewords are mapped to different subcarriers, and there are gaps between the subcarriers to which codeword elements/symbols included in the same codeword are mapped.
  • the first frequency domain signal may include a frequency domain signal corresponding to the codeword. For example, if at least one codeword is a pilot codeword, the first frequency domain signal includes a pilot frequency domain signal. If at least one codeword is a data codeword, the first frequency domain signal includes a data frequency domain signal.
  • mapping it to at least one subcarrier may mean that the terminal device performs FFT processing on at least one codeword respectively, and maps the processed at least one codeword to at least one subcarrier at intervals to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the intervals between different codewords may be equally spaced or unequally spaced.
  • the intervals between codeword elements/symbols included in the same codeword are equally spaced.
  • the terminal device may map at least one codeword in the same symbol to multiple subcarriers according to the configuration information to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the configuration information may be pre-set by the terminal device or obtained by the terminal device from a network device, without limitation.
  • the configuration information may include one or more of resource configuration information, resource mapping pattern configuration information, and frequency hopping sequence configuration information.
  • the resource configuration information is used to indicate the frequency domain unit corresponding to the codeword in each symbol.
  • the resource mapping pattern configuration information is used to indicate the arrangement of the frequency domain units corresponding to the codewords in one or more symbols.
  • the frequency hopping sequence configuration information is used to indicate the position information of the frequency domain unit corresponding to the codeword in the symbol.
  • the configuration information may also include other information, for example, it may also include sparse configuration information.
  • the sparse configuration information may be used to indicate that sparse processing (i.e., zero padding) is performed on the time domain codeword elements/symbols in the symbol.
  • a terminal device may map at least one codeword within the same symbol to multiple subcarriers according to resource configuration information to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the resource configuration information may include an identifier of a subcarrier corresponding to at least one codeword in each symbol. Different subcarriers have different identifiers.
  • the terminal device may map the processed at least one codeword to multiple subcarriers according to the identifier of the subcarrier corresponding to the at least one codeword to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the resource configuration information may also include the starting position of at least one codeword in multiple subcarriers or the subcarrier corresponding to the first codeword in at least one codeword.
  • the terminal device may map at least one codeword to multiple subcarriers according to the starting position or the subcarrier corresponding to the first codeword in at least one codeword to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the terminal device may map at least one codeword within the same symbol to multiple subcarriers according to resource mapping pattern configuration information to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the resource mapping pattern configuration information may include multiple frequency hopping patterns.
  • Each frequency hopping pattern may include multiple pattern units, and there is an interval between the multiple pattern units.
  • the number of pattern units included in the frequency hopping pattern is less than or equal to the number of subcarriers.
  • FIG14 shows a plurality of frequency hopping patterns, which may include a plurality of frequency hopping patterns (frequency hopping pattern 1 to frequency hopping pattern 3) corresponding to data codewords and frequency hopping patterns (frequency hopping pattern 4 and frequency hopping pattern 5) corresponding to pilot codewords.
  • filled squares are used to represent the position information of the subcarriers to which the codewords are mapped, and blank squares represent intervals.
  • the terminal device can accurately map at least one codeword in each symbol to multiple subcarriers.
  • the terminal device may also determine a frequency hopping pattern corresponding to a codeword in each symbol.
  • the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to each layer may be the same or different. Based on the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to each symbol, the corresponding symbol is mapped to multiple subcarriers to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the terminal device may map at least one codeword in different symbols to multiple subcarriers according to the frequency hopping sequence configuration information to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the frequency hopping sequence configuration information may include a frequency hopping sequence.
  • the frequency hopping sequence may be generated based on a Euclidean geometry method.
  • different symbols may select different frequency hopping patterns, for example, OFDM symbol n may correspond to frequency hopping pattern 1, OFDM symbol n+1 may correspond to frequency hopping pattern 2, and OFDM symbol n+2 may correspond to frequency hopping pattern 3.
  • OFDM symbol n may correspond to frequency hopping pattern 1
  • OFDM symbol n+1 may correspond to frequency hopping pattern 2
  • OFDM symbol n+2 may correspond to frequency hopping pattern 3.
  • the randomness of the sparse pattern of the frame structure may be increased.
  • the present application describes the frequency domain resource division using subcarrier as the frequency domain unit granularity as an example, and optionally, application scenarios of other frequency domain unit granularities are also within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the terminal device processes the first frequency domain signal to obtain and send a first time domain signal to the network device.
  • the network device receives the first time domain signal from the terminal device.
  • the first frequency domain signal may be subjected to an N-point IFFT transform to obtain a first time domain signal, and the first time domain signal may be referred to as a time domain transmission signal.
  • N is a positive integer.
  • the first time domain signal may be obtained by a 16-point IFFT transform.
  • the network device parses the first time domain signal to obtain at least one codeword corresponding to each symbol.
  • the network device may perform channel estimation based on a pilot signal in the first time domain signal.
  • the network device may perform data decoding according to the data signal in the first time domain signal.
  • channel estimation based on the pilot signal and data decoding based on the data signal can refer to the existing technology and will not be described in detail.
  • the terminal device maps at least one codeword interval in the same symbol to multiple subcarriers, which can reduce the PAPR of the time domain transmitted signal while reducing the multiple access interference between the terminal devices.
  • the above embodiment is introduced by taking a single-layer communication scenario as an example.
  • the communication method described in the present application can also be adapted to a multi-layer communication scenario.
  • the method may include:
  • the terminal device obtains multiple symbols.
  • a symbol may include multiple layers.
  • a layer may correspond to at least one data codeword or at least one pilot codeword.
  • a symbol may include two layers, one layer corresponds to at least one data codeword, and the other layer corresponds to at least one pilot codeword, or both layers correspond to data codewords or pilot codewords.
  • the codeword elements/symbols included in the codeword corresponding to each layer can be distributed in the symbol in a sparse manner.
  • a symbol includes two layers, one layer corresponds to at least one data codeword, and the other layer corresponds to at least one pilot codeword.
  • the data codeword elements/symbols included in at least one data codeword are distributed in the symbol in a sparse manner, and the data codeword elements/symbols included in at least one pilot codeword can also be distributed in the symbol in a sparse manner.
  • the sparse manners of the two can be the same or different, and the codeword length of the sparse pilot can be less than or equal to the length of the sparse data.
  • the terminal device processes the multiple layers of codewords in the same symbol respectively, and maps them to multiple subcarriers to obtain a second frequency domain signal.
  • the positions of subcarriers corresponding to codewords of different layers are different, and there are intervals between subcarriers mapped to codewords of different layers, which can be equal intervals or unequal intervals. There are intervals between codeword elements included in the same codeword, and the intervals are equal intervals.
  • the terminal device can perform FFT processing on the multi-layer codewords in the same symbol, and map the processed multi-layer codewords to multiple subcarriers according to the configuration information to obtain a second frequency domain signal.
  • the configuration information can refer to the description of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device may map the processed multi-layer codewords in the same symbol to multiple subcarriers according to resource configuration information to obtain a second frequency domain signal.
  • the resource configuration information may include an identifier of the subcarrier corresponding to each codeword.
  • OFDM symbol n includes a layer of sparse data and a layer of sparse pilot. Among them, at least one data codeword and at least one pilot codeword are sparsely distributed in the OFDM symbol after zero padding (the sparse data and sparse pilot in FIG16, respectively).
  • the length of the sparse data is 8 (equivalent to including 8 coding symbols).
  • the length of the sparse pilot is 4 (equivalent to including 4 coding symbols).
  • the sparse data in FIG16 includes 8 squares, and one square corresponds to X[n].
  • a blank square in the sparse data represents a codeword element 0.
  • the sparse pilot in FIG16 can be described with reference to the sparse data, and will not be repeated.
  • the terminal device determines, based on the resource configuration information, that the subcarriers corresponding to the sparse data in the OFDM symbol are subcarrier 1, subcarrier 3, subcarrier 5, subcarrier 7, subcarrier 9, subcarrier 11, subcarrier 13, and subcarrier 15, and the subcarriers corresponding to the sparse pilot are subcarrier 2, subcarrier 6, subcarrier 10, and subcarrier 14.
  • the frequency domain signal corresponding to the OFDM symbol may be as shown in FIG16.
  • a symbol in another example, as shown in FIG17 , includes a sparse data layer 1, a sparse data layer 2, and a sparse pilot layer.
  • the length of the sparse data layer 1 is 6, the length of the sparse data layer 2 is 3, and the length of the pilot data layer is 3.
  • the frequency domain interval corresponding to data layer 1 is 4, the frequency domain interval corresponding to data layer 2 is 8, and the frequency domain interval corresponding to the pilot layer is 8.
  • the codewords of each layer correspond to different subcarriers to avoid interference.
  • the terminal device may process the multi-layer codewords of the same symbol according to the resource mapping pattern configuration information, and map them to multiple subcarriers to obtain a second frequency domain signal.
  • the frequency hopping pattern included in the resource mapping pattern configuration information may be as shown in FIG14 , where one symbol includes a layer of data codewords and a layer of pilot codewords.
  • the data codeword corresponds to frequency hopping pattern 1
  • the pilot codeword corresponds to frequency hopping pattern 5
  • the second frequency domain signal may be as shown in FIG18 .
  • the terminal device may map codewords in multiple symbols to multiple subcarriers according to resource mapping pattern configuration information.
  • the frequency domain mapping patterns corresponding to codewords in different OFDM symbols may be the same or different.
  • the terminal device can determine the activated sub-block among multiple sub-blocks of the time-frequency resources according to the base matrix in the resource mapping pattern configuration information, and map the data codewords and/or pilot codewords of multiple symbols to the frequency domain carrier according to the mapping method of multiple frequency hopping patterns.
  • one activated sub-block includes multiple sub-carriers and multiple OFDM symbols.
  • multiple frequency hopping patterns F1 to F8 respectively.
  • One frequency hopping pattern indicates a sparse manner of codewords included in two symbols.
  • FIG20 shows a possible time-frequency resource partitioning scheme, and its corresponding basis matrix is:
  • Each sub-block of the time-frequency resource includes 6 sub-carriers and 2 OFDM symbols.
  • the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to the sub-block may be as shown in FIG19.
  • the terminal device may select a corresponding frequency hopping pattern from the multiple frequency hopping patterns shown in FIG19 according to the indication of the frequency hopping sequence in the resource mapping pattern configuration information, and map the data codewords and/or pilot codewords in the multiple symbols to the multiple sub-carriers to obtain a time-frequency signal.
  • FIG20 shows a time-frequency signal after multiple symbols are mapped.
  • different sparse patterns can be selected in different OFDM symbols by frequency hopping, that is, the frequency domain mapping patterns of different OFDM symbols are different.
  • the frequency hopping sequence can be generated based on the Euclidean geometry method, of course, it can also be generated based on other methods without limitation.
  • the terminal device may map codewords in different OFDM symbols to different subcarriers according to a preset frequency hopping pattern.
  • the frequency hopping pattern may also be described as a sub-graph pattern, a sparse pattern, etc.
  • the frequency hopping sequence configuration information may include a frequency hopping sequence or a parameter for generating a frequency hopping sequence.
  • a symbol includes data layer 1, data layer 2, and pilot layer.
  • the terminal device can determine the corresponding frequency hopping pattern according to the frequency hopping pattern set corresponding to each layer. Then, based on the frequency hopping pattern corresponding to each layer, multiple layers are mapped to multiple subcarriers to obtain the frame structure shown in FIG21.
  • each terminal device corresponds to multiple layers. Different terminal devices can map their respective multiple layers to multiple subcarriers.
  • the frequency domain units corresponding to each terminal device can be the same or different.
  • terminal device 1 and terminal device 2 both correspond to two layers of sparse data and one layer of sparse pilots.
  • the sparsity of different layers is different.
  • the codeword length of data layer 1 is 6
  • the codeword length of data layer 2 is 3
  • the codeword length of the pilot layer is 2
  • the number of subcarriers is 24.
  • the terminal device can map the data codewords of data layer 1 to the multiple subcarriers in a frequency domain interval of 4, map the data codewords of data layer 2 to the multiple subcarriers in a frequency domain interval of 8, and map the pilot codewords of the pilot layer to the multiple subcarriers in a frequency domain interval of 8.
  • the frequency domain signal shown in Figure 22 is obtained.
  • the data of data layer 2 of terminal device 1 and the data of data layer 2 of terminal device 2 have the same position in the frequency domain, so a collision occurs.
  • the data of data layer 1 of terminal device 1 and the data of data layer 1 of the terminal device do not interfere with each other because they are mapped to different subcarriers. Based on this approach, a complete collision between the data of terminal device 1 and the data of the terminal device is avoided.
  • the terminal device processes the second frequency domain signal to obtain and send a second time domain signal to the network device.
  • the network device receives the second time domain signal from the terminal device.
  • the processing of the second frequency domain signal by the terminal device may refer to performing IFFT transformation on the second frequency domain signal.
  • the pilot codewords and data codewords are inserted into the subcarriers in the frequency domain at equal intervals.
  • the time domain signal obtained by performing IFFT transform on the frequency domain signal mixed with the pilot codeword and the data codeword can refer to: performing IFFT transform on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the frequency domain codeword and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the data codeword, respectively, and then superimposing the obtained signal.
  • the superimposed time domain signal is a single carrier modulation signal, thereby reducing the PAPR of the transmitted signal.
  • the network device performs channel estimation according to the pilot signal in the second time domain signal, and performs data decoding according to the data signal in the first time domain signal.
  • S1504 can refer to the description of the above 1304 and will not be repeated here.
  • multi-layer codeword transmission can be realized.
  • the terminal device maps the multi-layer codewords to multiple subcarriers in an interval manner, thereby reducing the PAPR of the time domain transmission signal and minimizing the multiple access interference between users.
  • the simulation parameters may include the number of potential users (96), the number of active users (32), the system bandwidth (8 RB), the channel (TDLA30), the moving speed (3 km/h), and the antenna settings (1 transmit and 4 receive).
  • the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can refer to each other.
  • the terms and/or descriptions between the different embodiments and the various implementation methods/implementation methods/implementation methods in the various embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other, and the technical features in the different embodiments and the various implementation methods/implementation methods/implementation methods in the various embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments, implementation methods, implementation methods, or implementation methods according to their inherent logical relationships.
  • each embodiment step it can be partially executed (for example, the terminal device may not execute the steps performed by the terminal device in the above embodiment).
  • the execution order of different steps can be changed.
  • the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments, and the steps of different embodiments of this article can also be combined.
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the terminal device may also be implemented by components (such as processors, chips, chip systems, circuits, logic modules, or software) that can be used in the terminal device.
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the network device may also be implemented by components (such as processors, chips, chip systems, circuits, logic modules, or software) that can be used in the network device.
  • the above mainly introduces the scheme provided by the present application. Accordingly, the present application also provides a communication device, which is used to implement various methods in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device can be a terminal device in the above method embodiments, or a device including a terminal device, or a component that can be used for a terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device can be a network device in the above method embodiments, or a device including a network device, or a component that can be used for a network device, such as a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiment.
  • each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • Figures 25 and 26 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided by embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can implement the functions of the terminal device or network device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects possessed by the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device can be a terminal device as shown in Figure 8, or a network device as shown in Figure 8, or a module (such as a chip) applied to a terminal device or a network device.
  • the communication device 2500 includes a transceiver module 2501 and a processing module 2502.
  • the communication device 2500 can be used to implement the functions of the terminal device or network device in the method embodiment shown in Fig. 13 or Fig. 15 above.
  • the transceiver module 2501 is used to obtain multiple symbols.
  • the processing module 2502 is used to process at least one codeword in the same symbol and map it to multiple subcarriers to obtain a first frequency domain signal.
  • the processing module 2502 is also used to process the first frequency domain signal to obtain a first time domain signal.
  • the transceiver module 2501 is also used to send the first time domain signal to the network device.
  • the transceiver module 2501 is used to receive the first time domain signal; the processing module 2502 is also used to parse the first time domain signal to obtain at least one codeword corresponding to each symbol.
  • the transceiver module 2501 is used to obtain multiple symbols.
  • the processing module 2502 is used to process the multi-layer codewords in the same symbol respectively and map them to multiple subcarriers to obtain a second frequency domain signal.
  • the processing module 2502 is also used to process the second frequency domain signal to obtain a second time domain signal.
  • the transceiver module 2501 is also used to send the second time domain signal to the network device.
  • the transceiver module 2501 is used to receive the second time-frequency signal
  • the processing module 2502 is used to perform channel estimation based on the pilot code word in the second time domain signal, and perform data decoding based on the data reception signal in the second time domain signal.
  • transceiver module 2501 and processing module 2502 For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned transceiver module 2501 and processing module 2502, please refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be explained here.
  • the communication device 2600 includes a processor 2610 and an interface circuit 2620.
  • the processor 2610 and the interface circuit 2620 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 2620 may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device 2600 may further include a memory 2630 for storing instructions executed by the processor 2610 or storing input data required by the processor 2610 to execute instructions or storing data generated after the processor 2610 executes instructions.
  • the processor 2610 is used to execute the function of the above processing module 2502
  • the interface circuit 2620 is used to execute the function of the above transceiver module 2501.
  • the terminal device chip When the above communication device is a chip applied to a terminal device, the terminal device chip implements the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiment.
  • the terminal device chip receives information from other modules in the terminal device (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna), and the information is sent by the network device to the terminal device; or the terminal device chip sends information to other modules in the terminal device (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna), and the information is sent by the terminal device to the network device.
  • the network device chip When the above communication device is a chip applied to a network device, the network device chip implements the function of the network device in the above method embodiment.
  • the network device chip receives information from other modules in the network device (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna), and the information is sent by the terminal device to the network device; or the network device chip sends information to other modules in the network device (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna), and the information is sent by the network device to the terminal device.
  • processors in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by executing software instructions by a processor.
  • the software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC.
  • the ASIC can be located in an access network device or a terminal device.
  • the processor and the storage medium can also be present in an access network device or a terminal device as discrete components.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program or instruction may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server that integrates one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a tape; it may also be an optical medium, such as a DVD; it may also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).
  • SSD solid state drive
  • “at least one” means one or more, and “more than one” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an “or” relationship; in the formula of this application, the character “/” indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in a "division” relationship.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，用以减少终端设备间的干扰。具体方案为：终端设备在获取到包括多个符号之后，将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到不同的频域单元上，且同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔；终端设备对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到该符号对应的时域信号，并向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。

Description

通信方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
在无线通信系统中，多个终端设备在时、频、空域等资源上的复用是一个需要着重考虑的问题。现有的长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、新空口(new radio，NR)系统可以采用正交多址接入的方式来对终端设备进行时、频、空域等资源的分配，使得每个终端设备可以独占某一频域、时域或空域资源。
随着物联网等应用的不断普及，无线网络中接入的终端设备的数量将以几何级数增长。在频谱等通信资源有限的背景下，需要考虑非正交多址接入方式，即多个终端设备在通信过程中共享相同的时、频、空域等资源。在非正交多址接入中，资源的共享会带来终端设备间干扰(即多址干扰)问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种通信方法及装置，用于减少终端设备间的干扰。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端设备执行，也可以由终端设备的部件，例如，终端设备的处理器、芯片或芯片系统等执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分终端设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。以下以该方法由终端设备执行为了进行说明。该通信方法包括：终端设备获取多个符号，每个符号包括至少一个码字，且一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字。终端设备将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。其中，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同，且同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔。终端设备对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到该符号对应的时域信号，并向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。
基于上述技术方案，在一个符号存在至少一个码字时，终端设备可以将同一符号的至少一个码字映射到不同的频域单元上，得到每个符号对应的频域信号，且每个码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔。终端设备可以对多个符号对应的频域信号分别进行处理，得到该多个符号对应的时域信号。在降低符号对应的时域信号的PAPR的同时，减少了终端设备间的多址干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。也即，同一码字包括的码字元素可以以等间隔的方式映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，则至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。如此，可以保证一个符号内的导频码字和数据码字不存在干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备可以根据配置信息，将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息包括用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的资源配置信息、用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式的资源映射图案配置信息、用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息的跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个。如此，基于该配置信息，终端设备可以快速准确的将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括用于将符号内的时域码字元素进行稀疏处理的稀疏配置信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字对应多个层，终端设备可以将不同层对应的码字映射到不同的频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字对应多个层，终端设备可以对每个层对应的码字分别进行处理，并将处理后的码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，配置信息还包括跳频图案，终端设备可以根据第一矩阵，确定至少一个码字对应的跳频图案。其中，第一矩阵中的元素对应一个资源块，且当元素为第一字符时，该元素对应的资源块为可用资源块。终端设备根据至少一个码字对应的跳频图案，将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。
第二方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以由网络设备执行，也可以由网络设备的部件，例如，网络设备的处理器、芯片或芯片系统等执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分网络设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。以下以该方法由网络设备执行为了进行说明。该通信方法包括：网络设备接收来自终端设备的多个符号对应的时域信号，每个符号对应的时域信号是根据该符号对应的频域信号确定的，且该符号对应的频域信号是将符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。其中，至少一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同，且同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔。网络设备解析时域信号，得到每个符号的至少一个码字。
在一些可能的实现方式中，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。也即，同一码字包括的码字元素是以等间隔的方式映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，若一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，则至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：网络设备向终端设备发送用于将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上的配置信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息包括用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的资源配置信息、用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式的资源映射图案配置信息、用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息的跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个。如此，基于该配置信息，终端设备可以快速准确的将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括用于将符号内的时域码字元素进行稀疏处理的稀疏配置信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字对应多个层，不同层对应的码字映射的频域单元不同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字包括多个层，符号对应的频域信号为将每个层对应的码字分别进行处理后，映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括跳频图案，该方法还包括：网络设备向终端发送第一矩阵，该第一矩阵中的一个元素对应一个资源块。当某个元素为第一字符时，该元素对应的资源快为可用资源块。频域信号为根据至少一个码字对应的跳频图案，将至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，有益效果可以参照第一方面的描述，此处不再赘述。所述通信装置具有实现第一方面的方法实例中行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元。在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括：收发模块，用于获取多个符号，每个符号包括至少一个码字，一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字，不同码字映射的频域单元不同，同一码字包括的码字元素映射的频域单元之间存在间隔。处理模块，用于将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。处理模块，还用于对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到符号对应的时域信号。收发模块，还用于向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。也即，至少一个码字元素可以以等间隔的方式映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，则至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，具体用于根据配置信息，将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息包括用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的资源配置信息、用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式的资源映射图案配置信息、用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息的跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个。如此，基于该配置信息，终端设备可以快速准确的将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括用于将符号内的时域码字元素进行稀疏处理的稀疏配置信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字对应多个层，处理模块，具体同于将不同层对应的码字映射到不同的频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字对应多个层，处理模块，具体用于对每个层对应的码字分别进行处理，并将处理后的码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，配置信息还包括跳频图案，处理模块，还用于根据第一矩阵，确定至少一个码字对应的跳频图案。其中，第一矩阵中的元素对应一个资源块，且当元素为第一字符时，该元素对应的资源块为可用资源块。处理模块，具体用 于根据至少一个码字对应的跳频图案，将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，有益效果可以参照第二方面的描述，此处不再赘述。所述通信装置具有实现第二方面的方法实例中行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元。在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括：收发模块，用于接收来自终端设备的多个符号对应的时域信号，每个符号对应的时域信号是根据该符号对应的频域信号确定的，且该符号对应的频域信号是将符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。其中，至少一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同，且同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔。处理模块，用于解析时域信号，得到每个符号的至少一个码字。
在一些可能的实现方式中，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。也即，同一码字包括的码字元素是以等间隔的方式映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，若一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，则至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，收发模块，还用于向终端设备发送用于将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上的配置信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息包括用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的资源配置信息、用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式的资源映射图案配置信息、用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息的跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个。如此，基于该配置信息，终端设备可以快速准确的将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括用于将符号内的时域码字元素进行稀疏处理的稀疏配置信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字对应多个层，不同层对应的码字映射的频域单元不同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，至少一个码字包括多个层，符号对应的频域信号为将每个层对应的码字分别进行处理后，映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。
在一些可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括跳频图案，收发模块，还用于向终端发送第一矩阵，该第一矩阵中的一个元素对应一个资源块。当某个元素为第一字符时，该元素对应的资源快为可用资源块。频域信号为根据至少一个码字对应的跳频图案，将至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的终端设备，或者为设置在终端设备中的芯片。该通信装置包括：至少一个处理器；所述处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使该通信装置执行上述第一方面所述的通信方法。该存储器可以与处理器耦合，或者，也可以独立于该处理器。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面的终端设备，或者上述终端设备中包含的装置，比如芯片。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括上述存储器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括通信接口。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的网络设备，或者为设置在网络设备中的芯片。该通信装置包括：至少一个处理器；所述处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使该通信装置执行上述第二方面所述的通信方法。该存储器可以与处理器耦合，或者，也可以独立于该处理器。该通信装置可以为上述第二方面的网络设备，或者上述网络设备中包含的装置，比如芯片。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括上述存储器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括通信接口。
第七方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置可以执行上述第一方面或第二方面所述的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得该通信装置可以执行上述第一方面或第二方面所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于实现上述各方面的方法中终端设备或网络设备的功能。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，用于保存程序指令和/或数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十方面，提供一种通信系统，有益效果可以参加第五方面的描述此处不再赘述。该通信系统可以包括网络设备，至少一个终端设备。
其中，终端设备，用于：获取多个符号，每个符号包括至少一个码字，且一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字；将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。其中，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同，且同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔；对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到该符号对应的时域信号，并向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。
网络设备，用于接收来自至少一个终端的多个符号对应的时域信号，并对每个时域信号进行解析，得到每个符号的至少一个码字。
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图1为本申请实施例提供的一种帧结构的示意图；
图2A为本申请实施例提供的一种传输信号的结构示意图；
图2B为本申请实施例提供的另一种传输信号的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种传输信号的处理方法的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种传输信号的处理方法的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的码字的映射方法的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种稀疏图案的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种时频信号的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图12A为本申请实施例提供的另一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图12B为本申请实施例提供的另一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种跳频图案的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的又一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种时频信号的结构示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的一种跳频图案的结构示意图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的一种时频信号的结构示意图；
图21为本申请实施例提供的又一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图22为本申请实施例提供的又一种符号映射方法的示意图；
图23为本申请实施例提供的一种对时频信号进行处理的方法的示意图；
图24为本申请实施例提供的一种仿真结果的示意图；
图25为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的架构示意图；
图26为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的架构示意图。
具体实施方式
在介绍本申请实施例之前，对本申请实施例涉及的相关技术术语进行解释说明。需要说明的是，这些解释说明是为了让本申请实施例更容易被理解，而不应该视为对本申请实施例所要求的保护范围的限定。
在无线通信系统中，多用户在时域、频域、空域等资源上的复用是一个需要着重考虑的问题。现有的LTE、NR等系统采用正交多址接入的方式(如正交频分复用技术(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)方式)来对用户进行时域、频域、空域等资源的分配，使得每个用户可以独占某一频域、时域或空域资源。
例如，以NR系统为例，NR系统的帧结构由第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)TS 38.211给出，包括时域资源和频域资源，其中图1为本申请实施例提供的一种NR帧结构的无线帧在时域资源的结构。如图1所示，NR无线帧的长度定义为10毫秒(ms)，一个无线帧包含10个子帧，每个子帧长度为1ms。一个子帧进一步分割为若干个时隙，具体的个数取决于子载波间隔。无论子载波间隔多大，一个时隙都包含14个OFDM符号。其中，一个子帧包括的时隙的数量根据该子帧的子载波间隔相关。子载波间隔越大，时隙的长度越短。如图1所示，子载波间隔为15千赫兹(kHz)、30kHz。
对于无线帧的频域资源，可以将连续的12个子载波定义为一个物理资源块(physical resource block，PRB)。其中，子载波间隔越大，一个PRB对应的实际带宽越大。PRB是资源在频域内进行分配的基本单元。
NR系统中，为了便于网络设备与终端设备之间进行信道估计，可以在时隙内配置解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)，通过DMRS进行信道估计。 其中，DMRS可以称为导频信号或导频码字，不同场景下DMRS信号的配置方式是不同的。
一种示例中，网络设备可以将DMRS配置在发送数据的靠前位置，得到如图2A所示的传输信号，该传输信号包括DMRS(可以称为前置DMRS)。终端设备在接收到该传输信号之后，可以先从该传输信号中解析得到前置DMRS，并根据前置DMRS进行信道估计确定接收数据的信道的信道状态信息，进而根据估计得到的信道状态信息接收数据。
又一种示例中，为了匹配快速变化的信道状态信息，支持更准确的解调，网络设备可以通过配置附加DMRS的方式，也即在图2A的基础上再配置一个DMRS(可以称为附加DMRS)，得到一个如图2B所示的传输信号，该传输信号包括前置DMRS以及附加DMRS。终端设备在接收到该传输信号之后，可以根据前置DMRS和附加DMRS进行信道估计得到的信道状态信息接收数据。如此，避免出现由于信道快速变化，导致终端设备对数据进行译码时错误概率较高的问题。
基于以上所示的NR系统的帧结构，如图3所示，网络设备向终端设备发送码字(比如数据码字(或者称为数据)、导频码字等)时，将码字经过调制得到调制符号，对调制符号进行串并转换(S/P)、频域载波映射等操作后，再经过离散傅里叶逆变换(inverse discrete fourier transform，IDFT)/快速傅里叶逆变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)变换、并串转换(P/S)、加前缀CP等处理可以得到循环前缀OFDM(cyclic prefix OFDM，CP-OFDM)波形的发送信号(或者称为时域发送信号)。在CP-OFDM波形的发送信号中，由于发送信号为大量调制载波的叠加，因此发送信号的瞬时功率变化较大，时域发送信号的峰值平均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)(峰均比，即时域信号峰值功率与平均功率的比值)较高。
为了降低时域发送信号的PAPR，如图4所示，NR协议引入了单载波的DFT-s-OFDM波形，可以看作是基于离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)预编码的OFDM波形。也即，在对发送码字进行IFFT之前，先进行FFT预编码。由于经过DFT/FFT预编码，时域发送的是单载波信号，因此可以有效降低信号的PAPR。
在采用正交多址接入的方式中，导频集中于若干个特定OFDM符号上，不利于在高速移动场景下信道在每个OFDM符号上快速变化时的信道估计。此外，针对数据及导频部分没有引入稀疏性设计，使得在时域资源、频域资源等通信资源上同时接入的用户终端数较多，增大了多址干扰。
比如，随着物联网等应用的不断普及，无线网络中接入终端设备的数量将以几何级数增长。在频谱等通信资源有限的背景下，需要考虑非正交多址接入方式，即多个终端设备在通信过程中共享相同的时域、频域、空域等资源。在非正交多址接入中，对通信资源的共享将会带来多终端设备间干扰(即多址干扰)问题，如何处理多址干扰是多终端设备通信系统需要着重考虑的问题。此外，未来第六代(6th generation，6G)通信还须满足各类应用的独特需求甚至是极致需求，这就需要设计一种可扩展的非正交多址接入框架，该框架可以适配不同包大小、接入终端设备的数量以及终端设备的覆盖等级，并且使能发送信号具有低PAPR特性，从而满足多样化业务应用场景下对速率、时延、可靠性以及网络覆盖等不同方面的要求。
为解决多址干扰，示例性的，可以采用稀疏编码多址(sparse code multiple access，SCMA)的非正交多址方式，下面对SCMA进行介绍：SCMA是一种码域的非正交多址接入技术。在SCMA中，通过稀疏签名序列指示每个终端设备在帧中的资源映射。例如稀疏签名序列的长度为N＝4，稀疏度为ρ＝1/2的所有6种可能的签名序列S如下所示，一个签名序列对应一个OFDM符号中的数据，一个签名序列对应指示四个子载波，签名序列中的0、1表示是否在对应的子载波上发送。
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000001
假设NR系统的频域资源包含N＝4个子载波，当终端设备配置签名序列1时，表明其仅在四个子载波中选择前两个进行数据的发送。类似的，当终端设备配置签名序列3时，表明其选择子载波1与子载波3进行数据的发送。SCMA中的稀疏签名序列可以减少在单位资源上干扰终端设备的数量。例如，假定系统中包含6个接入的终端设备，每个终端设备各自分配一个不同的签名序列，如图5所示，每个签名序列对应4个不同的码本(或高维星座点)，终端设备根据其信息比特的映射关系选择相应的码字。由于签名序列的稀疏性，可以使得在单位子载波上叠加的终端设备数量从6个减少到3个。
在SCMA中，尽管引入了稀疏签名序列的概念，但是仍然没有针对稀疏帧结构中的稀疏度、导频与数据资源映射位置、以及时域发送信号的低PAPR等方面进行相关的设计，因此无法支持在不同通信场景下的特定需求。比如，未来6G通信还须满足各类应用的独特需求甚至是极致需求，这就需要设计一种可扩展的非正交多址接入框架，该框架可以适配不同包大小、接入用户数量以及用户覆盖等级等不同通信场景下的特定需求，并且使能发送信号具有PAPR特性，从而满足多样化业务应用场景下对速率、时延、可靠性以及网络覆盖等不同方面的要求。
示例性的，为了降低SCMA等非正交多址接入系统的PAPR，引入了预处理模块，通过对发送码字进行某些预处理来降低信号的PAPR。预处理模块可以包括对码字进行DFT预编码(类似DFT-s-OFDM波形)或者预定义某些低PAPR的映射函数，如表1所示，表1示出了序列长度为4的三种低PAPR映射函数。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000003
虽然上述增加预处理模块的方式能够通过预处理来降低信号的PAPR，但是也存在如下问题：对原始发送信号采用基于DFT等操作的预处理后，会使得发送信号在频域不再具有稀疏性，从而导致帧结构的稀疏度无法灵活可控。此外，上述增加预处理模块的方式仅包含对数据码字的设计，没有考虑导频与数据联合信号的低PAPR设计。
为此，为了实现稀疏帧结构灵活可配，支持高速、低速移动等多种场景下的数据通信，并且考虑数据、导频在帧结构内随机散布，从而随机化用户间干扰。一种示例中，提出了一种灵活可配的稀疏帧结构资源映射方案，该方案中，稀疏帧结构包括两极：基矩阵(第一级)和稀疏子图(第二级)。
其中，基矩阵是一个二元矩阵。基矩阵可以包括多个元素，该多个元素的数值可以为1或0。元素1表示对应的时频资源区域发送数据符号或导频符号。元素0表示对应的时频区域空置。基矩阵的稀疏度ρ为矩阵中元素1的个数与该矩阵的全部元素个数之间的比值。例如，当矩阵为6×7的矩阵，ρ＝3/6时的基矩阵可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000004
稀疏子图是指基矩阵中元素“1”所代表的时频资源区域内导频符号或数据符号的映射图样，总共包含P×Q个时频资源。P、Q为正整数。其中，终端设备在R≤P×Q个时频资源映射数据符号或导频符号，剩余资源空置。稀疏子图的稀疏度定义为ρ＝R/(P×Q)。例如，当P＝Q＝2，ρ＝0.5的稀疏子图图案集合可以如图6所示。图6中，稀疏子图的空白区域表示该区域的时频资源空置，其他区域的时频资源用于发送数据或导频。结合上述基矩阵以及图6的多个稀疏子图图案，可以得到如图7所示的稀疏帧结构。
虽然，上述基于基矩阵与稀疏子图图案集合的方案中，可以通过调整基矩阵与稀疏子图各自的稀疏度可以实现帧结构整体稀疏度的灵活配置。此外，通过以稀疏子图大小为粒度将时频资源随机划分为导频资源或数据资源区域，可以实现导频与数据符号在帧结构内随机散布的技术效果，支持高速移动场景下的数据通信。但是，由于稀疏帧结构的跳频图案较为不规则，因此，在每个OFDM符号内，插入导频或数据的载波位置以及数量都较为随机，这种情况下，在经过IFFT变换后得到的导频和数据叠加 后的时域发送信号瞬时功率变换较大，进而导致时域发送信号PAPR较高。
为解决数据及导频部分稀疏性设计带来的时域发送信号PAPR较高的问题，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，旨在设计一种具有低PAPR特性的导频、数据混合帧结构，该方法可以包括：终端设备获取至少一个OFDM符号(或者称为符号)，一个OFDM符号包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字。对于任一OFDM符号，终端设备将该符号内的至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字映射到不同的频域单元上，得到该符号对应的频域信号。进而，终端设备可以对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到该符号对应的时域信号(或称为时域发送信号)。如此，终端设备可以向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。
可以理解，至少一个码字可以对应至少一个传输层(或者称为层(layer))。该OFDM符号可以包括一个或多个层。至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字可以包括下述两种情况：
在该OFDM符号包括一个层的场景下，该OFDM符号包括至少一个导频码字或至少一个数据码字，该至少一个导频码字或至少一个数据码字对应一个层。该场景可以称为单层通信场景。具体的，该应用场景下的通信过程如下述图13。
在该OFDM符号包括多个层的场景下，OFDM符号包括多个层，一个层可以对应至少一个导频码字或至少一个数据码字。该应用场景可以称为多层通信场景，具体的，该应用场景下的通信过程如下述图15。
基于该方法，在一个OFDM符号内存在至少一个码字时，该至少一个码字对应的时域信号具有低PAPR特性。另外，本申请实施例中网络中的设备可以根据需要灵活配置帧结构稀疏度、导频数据资源映射位置等参数。此外，稀疏帧结构还具有时域发送信号低PAPR的特性，使能不同覆盖等级下用户的数据通信，支持不同通信场景下的特定需求。
下面结合说明书附图，对本申请实施例提供的方法进行描述：
本申请实施例可以应用于5G NR系统，也可以应用于其它的通信系统，如下一代(6G)通信系统等，只要该通信系统中存在实体向另一实体发送配置信息，并向另一实体发送数据、或接收另一实体发送的数据；另一个实体接收配置信息，并根据配置信息向配置信息发送实体发送数据、或接收配置信息发送实体发送的数据。
例如，如图8所示，当配置信息的发送实体为网络设备，配置信息的接收实体为终端设备时，网络设备和终端设备1～终端设备6组成一个通信系统。在该通信系统中，终端设备1～终端设备6可以发送上行数据给网络设备，网络设备需要接收终端设备1～终端设备6发送的上行数据。同时，网络设备可以向终端设备1-终端设备6发送配置信息。
此外，终端设备4～终端设备6也可以组成一个通信系统，此时，配置信息的发送实体和接收实体还可以都是终端设备，例如车联网系统中，终端设备1向终端设备2发送配置信息，并且接收终端设备2发送的数据；而终端设备2接收终端设备1发送的配置信息，并向终端设备1发送数据。
本申请实施例还可以应用于如图9所示的通信系统。该通信系统可以为包括中继节点的单跳(Single-hop)或多跳(Multi-hop)中继系统。如图9所示。中继的形态可 以是小站、接入回传一体化(integrated access and backhauling，IAB)节点、分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)、终端、收发点(transmitter and receiver point，TRP)等。
需要说明的是，图8和图9仅为示例性框架图，图8和图9中包括的节点的数量不受限制，比如可以包括更多的终端，且除图8和图9所示功能节点外，还可以包括其他节点，如：核心网设备、网关设备、应用服务器等等，不予限制。
下面对图8和图9所示系统中的各个网元进行描述。
其中，网络设备主要用于实现终端的资源调度、无线资源管理、无线接入控制等功能。具体的，网络设备可以为小型基站、无线接入点、TRP、传输点(transmission point，TP)以及某种其它接入节点中的任一节点。本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备的功能的装置可以是网络设备，也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统(例如一个芯片，或多个芯片组成的处理系统)或者调制解调器(modem)。下面以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置是网络设备为例，描述本申请实施例提供的方法。
终端设备可以为终端或者用户设备(user equipment，UE)或者移动台(mobile station，MS)或者移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。具体的，终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑或带无线收发功能的电脑，还可以是虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制中的无线终端、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程医疗中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智能家居、车载终端等。本申请实施例中，用于实现终端设备的功能的装置可以是终端设备，也可以是能够支持终端设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统(例如一个芯片，或多个芯片组成的处理系统)或者调制解调器。下面以用于实现终端的功能的装置是终端为例，描述本申请实施例提供的通信方法。
在具体实现时，图8或图9所示各设备，如网络设备、终端设备等，都可以采用图10所示的组成结构，或者包括图10所示的部件。图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置1000的组成示意图，该通信装置1000可以包括处理器1001和存储器1004。进一步的，该通信装置1000还可以包括通信线路1002以及通信接口1003。其中，处理器1001，存储器1004以及通信接口1003之间可以通过通信线路1002连接。
处理器1001，可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、通用处理器、网络处理器(network processor，NP)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或它们的任意组合。处理器1001还可以是其它具有处理功能的装置，如电路、器件或软件模块，不予限制。
通信线路1002，用于在通信装置1000所包括的各部件之间传送信息。
通信接口1003，用于与其他设备或其它通信网络进行通信。该其它通信网络可以为以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。通信接口1003可以是模块、电路、收发器或者任何能够实现通信的装置。
存储器1004，用于存储指令。其中，指令可以是计算机程序。
其中，存储器1004可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和/或指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，也可以是随机存取存储器(random access  memory，RAM)或可存储信息和/或指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，还可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟)、磁盘存储介质、其他磁存储设备，不予限制。
需要说明的是，存储器1004可以独立于处理器1001存在，也可以和处理器1001集成在一起。存储器1004可以用于存储指令或者程序代码或者一些数据等。存储器1004可以位于通信装置1000内，也可以位于通信装置1000外，不予限制。
处理器1001，用于执行存储器1004中存储的指令，以实现本申请下述实施例提供的通信方法。例如，当通信装置1000为第一会话管理功能网元或者第一会话管理功能网元中的芯片或者片上系统时，处理器1001执行存储器1004中存储的指令，以实现本申请下述实施例中第一会话管理功能网元所执行的步骤。又例如，当通信装置1000为接入网设备或者接入网设备中的芯片或者片上系统时，处理器1001可以执行存储器1004中存储的指令，以实现本申请下述实施例中接入网设备所执行的步骤。
在一种示例中，处理器1001可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图10中的CPU0和CPU1。
作为一种可选的实现方式，通信装置1000包括多个处理器，例如，除图10中的处理器1001之外，还可以包括处理器1007。
作为一种可选的实现方式，通信装置1000还包括输出设备1005和输入设备1006。示例性地，输入设备1006是键盘、鼠标、麦克风或操作杆等设备，输出设备1005是显示屏、扬声器(speaker)等设备。
需要说明的是，通信装置1000可以是台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端、嵌入式设备、芯片系统或有图10中类似结构的设备。此外，图10中示出的组成结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，除图10所示部件之外，该通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
此外，本申请的各实施例之间涉及的动作，术语等均可以相互参考，不予限制。本申请的实施例中各个设备之间交互的消息名称或消息中的参数名称等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以采用其他的名称，不予限制。
下面结合图8所示通信系统，对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行描述。下述实施例中各设备可以具有图10所示部件，且各实施例之间涉及的动作，术语等可以相互参考，各实施例中设备之间交互的消息名称或消息中的参数名称等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以采用其他的名称。比如下述实施例中“配置”可以替换描述为“设置”。在此统一说明，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
一种实现方式中，基于单层通信场景，示例性的，以一个符号包括一层数据码字为例，该方法的原理框图可以如图11所示：对数据码字进行稀疏处理(如补零操作)，得到对应的稀疏码字。例如，数据符号的稀疏码字可以为长度为J1的稀疏码字x＝[x 1、x 2、…、x J1]。也即，稀疏码字包括J 1个码字元素/符号。终端设备对该稀疏码字x进行J 1点的FFT变换，可以得到相应的频域符号
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000006
J 1、n为正整数。然后，终端设备将该频域码字包括的码字元素/ 符号以等间隔的方式插入到子载波上，经进行N点的IFFT变换得到时域信号。其中，导频码字包括的码字元素/符号可以称为导频码字元素/符号，数据码字包括的码字元素/符号可以称为数据码字元素/符号。
又一种实现方式中，基于多层通信场景，示例性的，以一个符号包括数据码字(也称为数据符号)和导频码字(也称为导频符号)为例，该方法的原理框图可以如图12A或图12B所示：分别对数据符号和导频符号进行稀疏处理(如补零操作)，得到各自对应稀疏码字。例如，数据符号的稀疏码字可以为长度为J1的稀疏码字
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000008
终端设备对该稀疏码字x进行J 1点的FFT变换，可以得到相应的频域码字符号
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000009
然后，终端设备将该频域码字符号以等间隔的方式插入到子载波上，经进行N点的IFFT变换得到时域信号。类似的，也可以对导频码字符号进行相同的处理，不同的是，在FFT变换时，导频符号为J 2点的FFT变换。N为时域信号的采样点数，N为大于J 1的正整数，
其中，图12A中的场景是指一个符号包括一层数据码字和一层导频码字。图12B中的场景是指一个符号包括多层数据码字和一层导频码字。
本申请实施例中，稀疏处理为可选的，终端设备也可以不对符号进行稀疏处理。
下面结合图13对上文所述的单层通信场景进行详细描述，图13为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法，如图13所示，所述方法可以包括：
S1301、终端设备获取多个符号。
其中，一个符号包括一个层，该层可以包括至少一个导频码字或至少一个数据码字。导频码字可以替换描述为导频码，比如可以是上文所述的DMRS导频等。数据码字可以替换描述为数据(data)，为数据对应的符号。
一种示例中，至少一个码字可以采用稀疏方式分布在一个符号中。稀疏方式可以是指同一码字中相邻码字元素/符号之间存在间隔。例如，相邻的码字元素/符号之间的间隔可以为1、2等。码字长度可以是指码字包括的码字元素/符号的数量。例如，码字长度可以为4、6、8等。
为便于描述，以稀疏方式分布的至少一个导频码字可以称为稀疏导频，以稀疏方式分布的至少一个数据码字可以称为稀疏数据。导频码字对应的码字长度可以称为稀疏导频的长度，数字码字对应的码字长度可以称为稀疏数据的长度。
示例性的，一个符号内稀疏导频的长度、稀疏数据的长度可以根据需要设置，比如，可以协议预先规定好，或者由网络设备配置给终端设备，不予限制。
例如，网络设备可以通过信令(如无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)信令)向终端设备发送配置信息。该配置信息可以包括稀疏配置信息。该稀疏配置信息可以用于将符号内的时域码字进行稀疏处理。比如，该配置信息可以包括导频码字对应的码字长度和数据码字对应的码字长度。
可以理解的是，本申请所述的符号(symbol)可以包括OFDM符号等。至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字位于同一符号内可以理解为在时域资源上，至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字位于同一OFDM符号内，此时，从时域资源角度来看，位于该OFDM符号内的至少一个导频码字可以称为导频时域信号，位于该OFDM符号内的至少一个数据码字可以称为数据时域信号。
当然，本申请实施例中，符号内的导频码字包括的码字元素/符号和数据码字包括 的码字元素/符号也可以不经过稀疏处理。
S1302、终端设备对同一符号内的至少一个码字处理后，映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
其中，不同码字映射到的子载波不同，且同一码字包括的码字元素/符号映射到的子载波之间存在间隔。
其中，第一频域信号可以包括码字对应的频域信号。例如，若至少一个码字为导频码字，则第一频域信号包括导频频域信号。若至少一个码字为数据码字，则第一频域信号包括数据频域信号。
具体的，终端设备对同一符号内的至少一个码字处理后，映射到至少一个子载波上可以是指终端设备分别对至少一个码字进行FFT处理，并将处理后的至少一个码字间隔地映射到至少一个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。不同的码字之间的间隔可以是等间隔方式，也可以不等间隔的。同一码字包括的码字元素/符号之间的间隔是等间隔的。
一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备可以根据配置信息，将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。该配置信息可以为终端设备预先设置的，也可以为终端设备从网络设备处获取的，不予限制。
其中，配置信息可以包括资源配置信息、资源映射图案配置信息、跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个。资源配置信息用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元。资源映射图案配置信息用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式。跳频序列配置信息用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息。当然，配置信息还可以包括其他信息，例如，还可以包括稀疏配置信息。该稀疏配置信息可以用于指示对符号内的时域码字元素/符号进行稀疏处理(也即，补零操作)。
一种示例中，终端设备可以根据资源配置信息，将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
例如，资源配置信息可以包括每个符号内的至少一个码字对应的子载波的标识。不同的子载波的标识不同。如此，终端设备可以根据至少一个码字对应的子载波的标识，将处理后的至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
又例如，资源配置信息也可以包括至少一个码字在多个子载波中的起始位置或者至少一个码字中的第一个码字对应的子载波。如此，终端设备可以根据该起始位置或者至少一个码字中第一个码字对应的子载波，将至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
又一种示例中，终端设备可以根据资源映射图案配置信息，将同一符号内的至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
其中，资源映射图案配置信息可以包括多个跳频图案。每个跳频图案可以包括多个图案单元，且该多个图案单元之间具有间隔。跳频图案包括的图案单元的数量小于或等于子载波的数量相同。
例如，图14示出了多个跳频图案，该多个跳频图案可以包括数据码字对应的多个跳频图案(跳频图案1～跳频图案3)以及导频码字对应的跳频图案(跳频图案4和跳频图案5)。图14中，填充的方格用于表示码字映射到的子载波的位置信息，空白的 方格表示间隔。
基于图14所示的多个跳频图案，终端设备可以准确的将每个符号内的至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上。
进一步的，对于均包括一个层的多个符号，终端设备也可以确定每个符号内的码字对应的跳频图案。每个层对应的跳频图案可以相同，也可以不同。基于每个符号对应的跳频图案，将对应的符号映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
又一种示例中，终端设备可以根据跳频序列配置信息，将不同符号内的至少一个码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。
其中，跳频序列配置信息可以包括跳频序列。该跳频序列可以基于欧式几何的方法生成。
例如，结合图14所示，不同符号可以选择不同的跳频图案，例如，OFDM符号n可以对应跳频图案1，OFDM符号n+1可以对应跳频图案2，OFDM符号n+2可以对应跳频图案3。如此，可以增加帧结构稀疏图案的随机性。
可以理解的是，本申请以子载波为频域单元粒度进行频域资源划分为例进行描述，可选的，其他频域单元粒度的应用场景也在本申请的保护范围之内。
S1303、终端设备对第一频域信号进行处理，得到并向网络设备发送第一时域信号。相应的，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一时域信号。
示例性的，可以对第一频域信号进行N点的IFFT变换得到第一时域信号，第一时域信号可以称为时域发送信号。N为正整数。比如以16点的IFFT变换得到第一时域信号。
S1304、网络设备解析第一时域信号，得到每个符号对应的至少一个码字。
一种示例中，当至少一个码字为导频码字时，网络设备可以根据第一时域信号中的导频信号进行信道估计。
又一种示例中，当至少一个码字为数据码字时，网络设备可以根据第一时域信号中的数据信号进行数据译码。
其中，根据导频信号进行信道估计、根据数据信号进行数据译码可以参照现有技术，不予赘述。
基于图13所示方法，终端设备将同一符号内至少一个码字间隔的映射到多个子载波上，可以在降低时域发送信号PAPR的同时，减少终端设备间多址干扰。
上述实施例以单层通信场景为例进行介绍，示例性的，本申请所述的通信方法还可以适应于多层通信场景，如图15所示，该方法可以包括：
S1501、终端设备获取多个符号。
其中，一个符号可以包括多个层。一个层可以对应至少一个数据码字或至少一个导频码字。例如，一个符号可以包括两层，一层对应至少一个数据码字，另一层对应至少一个导频码字，或者，两层均对应数据码字或导频码字。
一种示例中，每个层对应的码字包括的码字元素/符号可以采用稀疏方式分布在符号内。例如，一个符号包括两层，一层对应至少一个数据码字，另一层对应至少一个导频码字。其中，至少一个数据码字包括的数据码字元素/符号采用稀疏方式分布在该符号内，至少一个导频码字包括的数据码字元素/符号也可以采用稀疏方式分布在该符 号中，二者的稀疏方式可以相同或不同，稀疏导频的码字长度可以小于或等于稀疏数据的长度。
S1502、终端设备将同一符号内的多层码字分别进行处理后，映射到多个子载波上，得到第二频域信号。
其中，不同层的码字对应的子载波的位置不同，且不同层的码字映射到的子载波之间存在间隔，该间隔可以是等间隔的，也可以是不等间隔的。同一码字包括的码字元素之间存在间隔，且该间隔为等间隔。
一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备可以将同一符号内的多层码字分别进行FFT处理后，根据配置信息将处理后的多层码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第二频域信号。配置信息可以参照上述实施例的描述，不予赘述。
一种示例中，终端设备可以根据资源配置信息，将同一符号内的处理后的多层码字映射到多个子载波上，得到第二频域信号。
例如，资源配置信息可以包括每个码字对应的子载波的标识。如图16所示，OFDM符号n包括一层稀疏数据和一层稀疏导频。其中，至少一个数据码字和至少一个导频码字经补零处理，以稀疏方式分布在OFDM符号内(分别为图16中的稀疏数据和稀疏导频)。稀疏数据的长度为8(相当于包括8个编码符号)。稀疏导频的长度为4(相当于包括4个编码符号)。一个编码符号可以对应上述图4中的X[n]。例如，稀疏数据的长度为8，则n＝8。图16中稀疏数据包括8个方格，一个方格对应X[n]。图16中，稀疏数据中的一个空白格表示一个码字元素0。类似的，图16中稀疏导频可以参照稀疏数据得到描述，不予赘述。
一种场景中，终端设备根据资源配置信息，确定OFDM符号中稀疏数据对应的子载波分别为子载波1、子载波3、子载波5、子载波7、子载波9、子载波11、子载波13、子载波15，稀疏导频对应的子载波分别为子载波2、子载波6、子载波10、子载波14。基于资源配置信息，OFDM符号对应的频域信号可以如图16所示。
又一种示例中，如图17所示，一个符号包括稀疏数据层1、稀疏数据层2以及稀疏导频层。稀疏数据层1的长度为6，稀疏数据层2的长度为3，导频数据层的长度为3。该符号中每个层对应的码字经FFT和载波映射后，可以得到图17所示的帧结构。
图17中，数据层1对应的频域间隔为4，数据层2对应的频域间隔为8，导频层对应的频域间隔为8。该多个层叠加后的帧结构中，每个层的码字对应不同的子载波，避免出现干扰。
又一种示例中，终端设备可以根据资源映射图案配置信息，将同一符号的多层码字处理后，映射到多个子载波上，得到第二频域信号。
例如，资源映射图案配置信息包括的跳频图案可以如图14所示，一个符号包括一层数据码字和一层导频码字。数据码字对应跳频图案1，导频码字对应跳频图案5，则第二频域信号可以如图18所示。
又一种示例中，终端设备可以根据资源映射图案配置信息，将多个符号内的码字映射到多个子载波上。不同OFDM符号的码字对应的频域映射图案可以是相同的，也可以不同。
具体的，终端设备可以根据资源映射图案配置信息中的基矩阵，确定时频资源的 多个子块中的激活子块，并根据多个跳频图案的映射方式，将多个符号的数据码字和/或导频码字映射到频域载波上。
其中，一个激活子块包括多个子载波和多个OFDM符号。如图19所示，示出了多个跳频图案(分别为F1～F8)。一个跳频图案指示两个符号包括的码字的稀疏方式。
例如，图20给出了一种可能的时频资源分块方案，其对应的基矩阵为：
Figure PCTCN2022128423-appb-000010
其中，时频资源的每个子块包括6个子载波和2个OFDM符号。子块对应的跳频图案可以为如图19所示。终端设备可以根据资源映射图案配置信息中的跳频序列的指示，从图19所示的多个跳频图案中选取对应的跳频图案，将多个符号中的数据码字和/或导频码字映射到多个子载波上，得到时频信号。图20示出了一种多个符号映射后的时频信号。
又一种示例中，为了增加帧结构稀疏图案的随机性，可以在不同的OFDM符号内以跳频的方式选择不同的稀疏图案，即不同OFDM符号的频域映射图案是不同的。跳频序列可以基于欧式几何的方法生成，当然，也可以基于其他方法生成，不予限制。
例如，终端设备可以根据预先设置的跳频图案将不同的OFDM符号内的码字映射到不同的子载波上。跳频图案也可以描述为子图图案、稀疏图案等。例如，跳频序列配置信息可以包括跳频序列或者用于生成跳频序列的参数。
例如，一个符号包括数据层1、数据层2以及导频层。如图21所示，终端设备可以根据每个层对应的跳频图案集合，确定各自对应的跳频图案。然后，基于每个层对应的跳频图案，将多个层映射到多个子载波上，得到如图21所示的帧结构。
又一种示例中，对于不同的终端设备，每个终端设备对应的多个层。不同的终端设备可以将各自多个层映射到多个子载波上。每个终端设备对应的频域单元可以相同，也可以不同。
例如，如图22所示，终端设备1和终端设备2均对应两层稀疏数据和一层稀疏导频。不同层的稀疏程度不同。
其中，数据层1的码字长度为6，数据层2的码字长度为3，导频层的码字长度2，子载波的数量为24个。终端设备可以将数据层1的数据码字以频域间隔为4的方式映射到该多个子载波上，将数据层2的数据码字以频域间隔为8的方式映射到该多个子载波上，并将导频层的导频码字以频域间隔为8的方式映射到该多个子载波上。得到如图22所示的频域信号。
由图22可知，终端设备1的数据层2的数据与终端设备2的数据层2的数据在频域的位置相同，因此发生了碰撞。但是，终端设备1的数据层1的数据和终端设备的数据层1的数据由于映射子载波不同，因此不存在干扰。基于该方式，避免了终端设备1和终端设备的数据发生完全碰撞的情形。
S1503、终端设备对第二频域信号进行处理，得到并向网络设备发送第二时域信号。相应的，网络设备接收终端设备的第二时域信号。
其中，终端设备对第二频域信号进行处理，可以是指对第二频域信号进行IFFT 变换。
一种示例中，导频码字和数据码字以等间隔的方式插入到频域的子载波上。在对第二频域信号经过IFFT变换后，得到的时域信号为原始稀疏信号的周期重复，重复次数为码字插入的间隔。例如，对第n个OFDM符号上的频域信号，在经过N＝16点IFFT变换后，得到的时域信号如图23所示。
由IFFT变换满足可加性，即IFFT(X+Y)＝IFFT(X)+IFFT(Y)，因此，对导频码字、数据码字混合的频域信号进行IFFT变换得到的时域信号可以是指：分别对频域码字对应的频域信号和数据码字对应的频域信号进行IFFT变换，再进行叠加所得到的信号。当时域导频与数据码字的稀疏结构互补时，叠加后的时域信号是一个单载波调制信号，从而降低了发送信号的PAPR。
S1504、网络设备根据第二时域信号中的导频信号进行信道估计，并根据第一时域信号中的数据信号进行数据译码。
其中，S1504可以参照上述1304的描述，不予赘述。
基于图15所示方法，可以实现多层码字的传输，终端设备将多层码字以间隔的方式映射到多个子载波上，在降低时域发送信号PAPR的同时，最大程度的降低用户间多址干扰。
一种示例中，为了验证本申请提供的帧结构的性能，对本申请实施例的方法进行仿真，仿真结果如图24所示。
其中，仿真参数可以包括潜在用户数(96)、活跃用户数(32)、系统带宽(8RB)、信道(TDLA30)、移动速度(3km/h)、天线设置(1发4收)。
由图24所示的仿真结果可知，相较于DFT-s-OFDM，DFT-SCMA，本申请的技术方案具有低PAPR、低误码率(block error ratio，BLER)的效果。
本申请实施例中，除特殊说明外，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分可以互相参考。在本申请中各个实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例、实施方式、实施方法、或实现方法。以上所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。每个实施例步骤中，可以部分执行(比如，终端设备可以不执行上述实施例中由终端设备执行的步骤)。不同步骤的执行顺序可以变更。本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合，本文的不同实施例的步骤也可以结合。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
可以理解的是，以上各个实施例中，由终端设备实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于该终端设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、芯片系统、电路、逻辑模块、或软件)实现。由网络设备实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于该网络设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、芯片系统、电路、逻辑模块、或软件)实现。
上述主要对本申请提供的方案进行了介绍。相应的，本申请还提供了通信装置，该通信装置用于实现上述方法实施例中的各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的终端设备，或者包含终端设备的装置，或者为可用于终端设备的部件，例如芯片或芯片系统。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的网络设备，或者包含网络设备的装置，或者为可用于网络设备的部件，例如芯片或芯片系统。
可以理解的是，该通信装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法实施例对通信装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
图25和图26为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以实现上述方法实施例中终端设备、或网络设备的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请实施例中，该通信装置可以是如图8所示的终端设备，也可以是如图8所示的网络设备，还可以是应用于终端设备或网络设备的模块(如芯片)。
如图25所示，通信装置2500包括收发模块2501和处理模块2502。通信装置2500可用于实现上述图13或图15所示的方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备的功能。
当通信装置2500用于实现图13所述方法实施例中终端设备的功能时，收发模块2501，用于获取多个符号。处理模块2502，用于对同一符号内的至少一个码字处理后，映射到多个子载波上，得到第一频域信号。处理模块2502，还用于对第一频域信号进行处理，得到第一时域信号。收发模块2501，还用于向网络设备发送第一时域信号。
当通信装置2500用于实现图13所述方法实施例中网络设备的功能时：收发模块2501，用于接收第一时域信号；处理模块2502，还用于解析第一时域信号，得到每个符号对应的至少一个码字。
当通信装置2500用于实现图15所述方法实施例中终端设备的功能时：收发模块2501，用于获取多个符号。处理模块2502，用于将同一符号内的多层码字分别进行处理后，映射到多个子载波上，得到第二频域信号。处理模块2502，还用于对第二频域信号进行处理，得到第二时域信号。收发模块2501，还用于向网络设备发送第二时域信号。
当通信装置2500用于实现图15所述方法实施例中网络设备的功能时：收发模块2501，用于接收第二时频信号，所述处理模块2502用于根据第二时域信号中的导频码字进行信道估计，并根据第二时域信号中的数据接收信号进行数据译码。
关于上述收发模块2501和处理模块2502更详细的描述，可参考上述方法实施例 中的相关描述，在此不再说明。
如图26所示，通信装置2600包括处理器2610和接口电路2620。处理器2610和接口电路2620之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路2620可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置2600还可以包括存储器2630，用于存储处理器2610执行的指令或存储处理器2610运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器2610运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置2600用于实现上述方法实施例中的方法时，处理器2610用于执行上述处理模块2502的功能，接口电路2620用于执行上述收发模块2501的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于终端设备的芯片时，该终端设备芯片实现上述方法实施例中终端设备的功能。该终端设备芯片从终端设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是网络设备发送给终端设备的；或者，该终端设备芯片向终端设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是终端设备发送给网络设备的。
当上述通信装置为应用于网络设备的芯片时，该网络设备芯片实现上述方法实施例中网络设备的功能。该网络设备芯片从网络设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是终端设备发送给网络设备的；或者，该网络设备芯片向网络设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是网络设备发送给终端设备的。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理模块(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于接入网设备或终端设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于接入网设备或终端设备中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者通过所述计算机可读存储介质进行传输。 所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，DVD；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD)。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本申请的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端设备获取多个符号，每个符号包括至少一个码字，一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字；
    所述终端设备将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到所述符号对应的频域信号；其中，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同；同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔；
    所述终端设备对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到所述符号对应的时域信号；
    所述终端设备向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，所述至少一个导频码字和所述至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到所述符号对应的频域信号，包括：
    所述终端设备根据配置信息，将同一符号内的所述至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到所述符号对应的频域信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息包括资源配置信息、资源映射图案配置信息、跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个；
    其中，所述资源配置信息用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元，所述资源映射图案配置信息用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式，所述跳频序列配置信息用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括稀疏配置信息，所述稀疏配置信息用于将符号内的时域码字元素进行稀疏处理。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个码字对应多个层，所述终端设备将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，包括：
    所述终端设备将不同层对应的码字映射到不同的频域单元上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个码字对应多个层，所述终端设备将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，包括：
    所述终端设备对每个层对应的码字分别进行处理，并将处理后的码字映射到所述至少一个频域单元上。
  9. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括跳频图案，所述终端设备将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到所述符号对应的频域信号，包括：
    所述终端设备根据第一矩阵，确定所述至少一个码字对应的跳频图案；所述第一矩阵中的元素对应一个资源块，当所述元素为第一字符时，所述元素对应的资源块为 可用资源块；
    所述终端设备根据所述至少一个码字对应的跳频图案，将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到所述符号对应的频域信号。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    网络设备接收来自终端设备的多个符号对应的时域信号，每个符号对应的时域信号是根据所述符号对应的频域信号确定的，所述符号对应的频域信号是将所述符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的；其中，所述至少一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同；同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔；
    所述网络设备解析所述时域信号，得到每个符号的至少一个码字。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，所述至少一个导频码字和所述至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于将每个符号的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息包括资源配置信息、资源映射图案配置信息、跳频序列配置信息中的一个或多个；
    其中，所述资源配置信息用于指示每个符号内的码字对应的频域单元，所述资源映射图案配置信息用于指示一个或多个符号内的码字对应的频域单元的排列方式，所述跳频序列配置信息用于指示符号内的码字对应的频域单元的位置信息。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括稀疏配置信息，所述稀疏配置信息用于将符号内的时域码字元素进行稀疏处理。
  16. 根据权利要求10-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个码字对应多个层，不同层对应的码字映射的频域单元不同。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个码字包括多个层，所述符号对应的频域信号为将每个层对应的码字分别处理后，映射到所述至少一个频域单元上得到的。
  18. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括跳频图案，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第一矩阵，所述第一矩阵中的元素对应一个资源块，当所述元素为第一字符时，所述元素对应的资源块为可用资源块；
    其中，所述频域信号为根据所述至少一个码字对应的跳频图案，将所述至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    收发模块，用于获取多个符号，每个符号包括至少一个码字，一个码字包括至少 一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字；
    处理模块，用于将同一符号内的至少一个码字，映射到至少一个频域单元上，得到所述符号对应的频域信号；其中，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同；同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔；
    所述处理模块，还用于对每个符号对应的频域信号进行处理，得到所述符号对应的时域信号；
    所述收发模块，还用于向网络设备发送每个符号对应的时域信号。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，所述至少一个导频码字和所述至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括收发模块和处理模块；
    所述收发模块，用于接收来自终端设备的多个符号对应的时域信号，每个符号对应的时域信号是根据所述符号对应的频域信号确定的，所述符号对应的频域信号是将所述符号内的至少一个码字映射到至少一个频域单元上得到的；其中，所述至少一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和/或至少一个数据码字，不同码字映射到的频域单元不同；同一码字包括的码字元素映射到的频域单元之间存在间隔；
    所述处理模块，用于解析所述时域信号，得到每个符号的至少一个码字。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，任意相邻的导频码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的；任意相邻的数据码字元素所映射的频域单元之间的间隔是相等的。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述一个码字包括至少一个导频码字和至少一个数据码字，所述至少一个导频码字和所述至少一个数据码字映射到的频域单元不同。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至9或10至18中的任一项所述方法的模块。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1至9或10至18中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括，终端设备与网络设备，所述终端设备用于执行如权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，所述网络设备用于执行如权利要求10-18任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被运行时，实现如权利要求1至9或10至18中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代 码，当所述计算机程序代码被运行时，实现如权利要求1至9或10至18中任一项所述的方法。
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CN105099614A (zh) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-25 上海数字电视国家工程研究中心有限公司 Ldpc码字的交织映射方法及解交织解映射方法
WO2018074719A1 (ko) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-26 엘지전자 주식회사 무선 통신 시스템에서 신호를 송신 또는 수신하기 위한 방법 및 이를 위한 장치
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