WO2024087114A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087114A1
WO2024087114A1 PCT/CN2022/128047 CN2022128047W WO2024087114A1 WO 2024087114 A1 WO2024087114 A1 WO 2024087114A1 CN 2022128047 W CN2022128047 W CN 2022128047W WO 2024087114 A1 WO2024087114 A1 WO 2024087114A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assembly
shielding
battery cell
electrolyte
electrode
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PCT/CN2022/128047
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴凯
石宣砚
张婷婷
瞿飞
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280005803.9A priority Critical patent/CN118266131A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/128047 priority patent/WO2024087114A1/zh
Publication of WO2024087114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087114A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, relates to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the electrolyte When manufacturing a battery cell, after the electrode assembly is installed in the shell, the electrolyte needs to be injected from the injection hole of the end cover. When the electrolyte is injected, it will impact the electrode assembly and cause the diaphragm to fold, exposing the pole piece, causing the pole ear to overlap with the end face of the pole piece, causing self-discharge problems.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device to solve the problem in the related art that when the electrolyte is injected, the electrode assembly will be impacted and the diaphragm will be folded.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, comprising: an electrode assembly; an end cover assembly, comprising an end cover, wherein the end cover is provided with an injection hole; and a shielding assembly, which is arranged on a side of the end cover facing the electrode assembly and covers the injection hole.
  • a shielding component is provided to cover the injection hole on the end cover.
  • the electrolyte directly impacts the shielding component, so that the shielding component bears the impact force of the injected electrolyte, which plays a dispersing and buffering role for the injected electrolyte, thereby preventing the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly, and further preventing the diaphragm from folding due to electrolyte flushing, reducing the risk of self-discharge caused by overlap between the pole ear and the pole piece end face, improving safety and extending service life.
  • the shielding assembly is bonded to the end cover so that the electrolyte injected into the injection hole can impact the shielding assembly partially to separate from the end cover.
  • the shielding assembly is bonded to the end cover to facilitate installation of the shielding assembly, to ensure that the shielding assembly covers the injection hole during assembly, and when the electrolyte is injected, the impact force of the electrolyte can separate the partial area where the shielding assembly is connected to the end cover to facilitate injection of the electrolyte.
  • the shielding assembly includes a shielding member covering the injection hole and a buffer member supporting the shielding member, and the buffer member is connected to the electrode assembly.
  • the shielding member is provided to shield the injection hole, and the buffer member is provided to support the shielding member.
  • the shielding member bears the impact force of the electrolyte, and the buffer member supports the shielding member, which can improve the shielding member's ability to withstand the impact of the electrolyte, so as to better disperse the electrolyte and facilitate the injection of the electrolyte.
  • the buffer is elastic, so that the buffer can elastically support the shielding member, and when the electrolyte impacts the shielding member, the shielding member can play an elastic buffering role, so that the shielding member can better disperse the electrolyte and facilitate the injection of the electrolyte.
  • the shielding member is a sheet structure.
  • the sheet structure occupies less space, can improve the capacity density of the battery cell, and is easy to install.
  • the sheet structure shielding member is also easy to bond to the end cover to cover the injection hole, so that when the electrolyte is added, the electrolyte can better impact the part of the area where the shielding member is bonded to the end cover to prevent the shielding member from falling off.
  • the shielding member is elastic.
  • the shielding member can play a role of elastic buffering to better disperse the electrolyte and facilitate the injection of the electrolyte.
  • the buffer components are respectively provided at two opposite ends of the shielding member along the width direction of the end cover, and the buffer components are sheet-like structures integrally formed with the shielding member.
  • Buffers are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the shielding member to more stably support the shielding member, and the buffer is arranged as a sheet structure, and the buffer and the shielding member are integrally formed, which is easy to process and manufacture, reduces costs, and is also convenient for assembly.
  • the buffer is bent and connected to the electrode assembly. Bending the buffers at both ends of the shielding member to connect to the electrode assembly can not only protect the electrode assembly, but also play a role in elastically supporting the shielding member, which can enable the shielding member to better disperse the electrolyte and avoid flushing the electrode assembly when the electrolyte is added.
  • the battery cell includes a plurality of electrode assemblies, the plurality of electrode assemblies are divided into two groups, and the buffer is bent and connected to two electrode assemblies adjacent to the injection hole.
  • the plurality of electrode assemblies can be integrated when manufacturing a battery cell, and the plurality of electrode assemblies can be divided into two groups for easy assembly; the buffers at both ends of the shield are bent and connected to the two electrode assemblies adjacent to the injection hole, which can play the role of elastically supporting the shield, which can enable the shield to better disperse the electrolyte and avoid flushing the electrode assembly when the electrolyte is added.
  • the length of the shielding assembly is L, and satisfies: 2mm ⁇ L1+1.5*H-L ⁇ 6mm, where L1 is the distance between the two groups of electrode assemblies when they are unfolded at the same height and parallel to the side of the end cap, and H is the thickness of the electrode assembly.
  • the shielding assembly has a first side and a second side relative to each other along the length direction of the end cap, the first side and the second side are respectively located on opposite sides of the injection hole, the distance from the first side to the injection hole is less than or equal to the distance from the second side to the injection hole, the distance between the first side and the injection hole is d, and 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 20mm. Setting an interference distance d between one side of the shielding assembly and the injection hole can improve the buffering capacity of the shielding assembly for the injected electrolyte, better disperse the electrolyte, and prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with pole ears with opposite polarities, the second side of the shielding assembly is attached to the adjacent pole ear, and the first side of the shielding assembly is spaced apart from the other pole ear.
  • This can make the resistance of the injected electrolyte to break through the shielding assembly and reach the adjacent pole ear greater, so as to reduce the impact of the electrolyte on the pole ear, and further when the electrolyte reaching the pole ear flows along the pole ear to the electrode assembly, it can better prevent the electrolyte from flushing and folding the diaphragm.
  • a guide groove is provided on a surface of the end cover facing the shielding assembly, one end of the guide groove is connected to the injection hole, and the shielding assembly covers at least a portion of the guide groove.
  • the electrolyte can enter the guide groove more easily, and the guide groove is used to guide and disperse the electrolyte to the set position, which facilitates the filling of the electrolyte and prevents the electrolyte from scouring the electrode assembly.
  • the guide groove includes a first guide groove, one end of which is connected to the injection hole, and the other end of which extends out of one side of the shielding assembly along the length direction of the end cover.
  • the guide groove includes a second guide groove, one end of which is connected to the injection hole, and the other end of the second guide groove is adjacent to the side of the end cover in the width direction, or the other end of the second guide groove extends to the side of the end cover in the width direction.
  • the second guide groove is provided to guide the electrolyte to flow to the side of the end cover when injecting the electrolyte to disperse the electrolyte, facilitate the filling of the electrolyte, and facilitate the electrode assembly to absorb the electrolyte more evenly.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with pole ears with opposite polarities
  • the end cover assembly also includes electrode terminals respectively connected to the pole ears with opposite polarities
  • the electrode terminals are installed on the end covers
  • the battery cell also includes adapter plates respectively connected to each of the electrode terminals, each of the adapter plates is connected to the corresponding pole ears, and the connection area between each pole ear and the corresponding adapter plate is covered with an insulating sheet.
  • An adapter is provided to connect the pole ear and the corresponding electrode terminal through the adapter, which facilitates the connection between the pole ear and the electrode terminal and makes the connection more stable.
  • An insulating sheet is covered in the connection area between the pole ear and the adapter to protect the connection between the pole ear and the adapter and prevent the connection between the pole ear and the adapter from affecting the electrode assembly, thereby improving the safety of battery manufacturing.
  • the end cap assembly further includes an isolator for supporting the end cap, and the shielding assembly is spaced apart from the isolator.
  • the isolator is provided to better support the end cap and improve the safety of the battery.
  • the side of the shielding assembly is spaced apart from the isolator, and when the electrode assembly is installed, the isolator can be prevented from pushing up the shielding assembly, so that the shielding assembly can be well attached to the end cap.
  • the distance between the side of the shielding assembly and the end of the isolating member close to the shielding assembly is greater than 3 mm, so that when the electrode assembly is installed, it can be ensured that the isolating member does not push the shielding assembly and the shielding assembly is well attached to the end cap.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising a battery cell as described in the above embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a battery as described in the above embodiment.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic side view of the structure of the battery cell before being closed in FIG4 ;
  • FIG6 is a schematic side view of the structure of the battery cell after being assembled in FIG4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the structure of battery cells after being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery cells before being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly in a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly in a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly in a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic side view of the structure of battery cells after being assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic side view of the structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 30-electrode assembly 301-first end; 302-second end; 31-electrode ear; 311-first electrode ear; 312-second electrode ear;
  • 40-end cap assembly 41-end cap; 411-liquid injection hole; 412-guiding groove; 4121-first guiding groove; 4122-second guiding groove; 4123-third guiding groove; 42-electrode terminal; 421-first electrode terminal; 422-second electrode terminal; 43-adapter; 431-first adaptor; 432-second adaptor; 44-isolator; 45-insulating sheet;
  • 50-shielding component 51-shielding member; 511-first side edge; 512-second side edge; 52-buffer member;
  • first, second, etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces). "Several" means one or more than one, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, and “circumferential” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
  • adjacent refers to proximity in position. For example, among the three components A1 , A2 and B, if the distance between A1 and B is greater than the distance between A2 and B, then A2 is closer to B than A1 , that is, A2 is adjacent to B, or B is adjacent to A2 .
  • the multiple C components are C1 , C2 , ..., CN , and when one of the C components, such as C2, is closer to the B component than the other C components, then B is adjacent to C2 , or C2 is adjacent to B.
  • the battery cells in this application may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.
  • the battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the multiple battery cells when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel.
  • Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells is accommodated in a box; of course, the battery can also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in a box.
  • the battery can also include other structures.
  • the battery can also include a converging component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells.
  • the battery cell in the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly, an end cover and a shell.
  • the electrode assembly is also called a bare cell.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector.
  • the part of the positive electrode collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the part that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the part that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab, or a metal conductor is welded on the positive electrode collector and led out to serve as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the portion of the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the portion that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the portion that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab, or a metal conductor is welded and led out on the negative electrode current collector to serve as a negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together. It can be understood that in the electrode assembly, the number of positive electrode tabs may be one, and the number of negative electrode tabs may also be one. That is, two groups of tabs are provided on the electrode assembly, each group includes at least one tab, and one group of tabs is a positive electrode tab, and the other group of tabs is a negative electrode tab.
  • the electrode assembly can be a wound structure or a laminated structure.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the wound structure is mostly to weld the pole ear to the current collector, and then arrange it in the order of positive electrode sheet-diaphragm-negative electrode sheet-diaphragm; and then wind it to form a cylindrical or square battery cell.
  • the laminated structure is mostly to lead the pole ear on the current collector, arrange the positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet and diaphragm in the order of positive electrode sheet-diaphragm-negative electrode sheet-diaphragm, and stack them layer by layer to form a laminated battery cell; wherein, the diaphragm can be cut and directly laminated with the diaphragm sheet, or the diaphragm is not cut, but laminated in a Z-shaped fold.
  • the material of the diaphragm can be PP or PE, etc.
  • the diaphragm is an insulating film arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are collectively referred to as pole sheets.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are collectively referred to as the tab.
  • the electrode assembly After the electrode assembly is manufactured, it is necessary to install the electrode assembly in the housing and inject electrolyte so that the electrode assembly is immersed in the electrolyte and can fully absorb the electrolyte.
  • electrolyte when the electrolyte is injected, there will be a certain impact force.
  • the electrolyte impacts the electrode assembly, it will cause the diaphragm to fold and expose the pole piece, so that the pole ear and the pole piece end face overlap and cause self-discharge. This self-discharge will not only consume electrical energy, but also cause the risk of short circuit in the battery, affecting the performance and life of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which covers the injection hole on the end cover through a shielding component, so that when the electrolyte is injected, the shielding component will withstand the impact force of the injected electrolyte and play a role in dispersing and buffering the injected electrolyte, which can prevent the electrolyte from directly scouring the electrode assembly, and further prevent the diaphragm from folding due to the electrolyte scouring, thereby improving the performance and life of the battery.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electrical devices that use batteries as power sources or various energy storage systems that use batteries as energy storage elements, such as energy storage power supply systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations.
  • Electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, and the like
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, and the like.
  • an electric device is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, and the electric device is explained by taking a vehicle as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 1001 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 1001 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 1001 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 1001 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 1002 and a motor 1003, and the controller 1002 is used to control the battery 1001 to power the motor 1003, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 1001 can not only serve as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also serve as the driving power source of the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery 1001 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 1001 includes a box 100 and a battery cell 200, and the battery cell 200 is contained in the box 100.
  • the box 100 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 200, and the box 100 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 100 may include a first part 101 and a second part 102, and the first part 101 and the second part 102 cover each other, and the first part 101 and the second part 102 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 200.
  • the second part 102 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 101 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 101 covers the open side of the second part 102, so that the first part 101 and the second part 102 jointly define a storage space; the first part 101 and the second part 102 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 101 covers the open side of the second part 102.
  • the box 100 formed by the first part 101 and the second part 102 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. After multiple battery cells 200 are connected in parallel, in series, or in a mixed combination, they are placed in the box 100 formed by the first part 101 and the second part 102 being buckled together.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 200 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell 20 before the core is assembled in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the battery cell 200 before the core is assembled in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the battery cell 200 after the core is assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 200 includes an electrode assembly 30, an end cap assembly 40 and a shielding assembly 50.
  • the end cap assembly 40 includes an end cap 41, and a liquid injection hole 411 is provided on the end cap 41 for filling electrolyte.
  • the shielding assembly 50 covers the liquid injection hole 411, that is, the shielding assembly 50 is provided on the side of the end cap 41 facing the electrode assembly 30 and shields the liquid injection hole 411.
  • the battery cell 200 further includes a housing 70 , the electrode assembly 30 is installed in the housing 70 , and the end cover 41 is covered on the housing 70 .
  • the electrode assembly 30 is provided with two sets of tabs 31, and the polarities of the two sets of tabs 31 are opposite.
  • the end cap assembly 40 further includes two electrode terminals 42, which are respectively connected to the two sets of tabs 31, and each electrode terminal 42 is mounted on the end cap 41, and the electrode terminal 42 is supported by the end cap 41.
  • Two groups of pole tabs 31 on the electrode assembly 30 are a positive pole tab, and the other group of pole tabs 31 is a negative pole tab.
  • One or more positive pole tabs may be provided on the electrode assembly 30. When there is one positive pole tab on the electrode assembly 30, the one positive pole tab forms a group of pole tabs 31. When there are multiple positive pole tabs on the electrode assembly 30, the positive pole tabs are stacked together to form a group of pole tabs 31.
  • One or more negative pole tabs may be provided on the electrode assembly 30. When there is one negative pole tab on the electrode assembly 30, the one negative pole tab forms a group of pole tabs 31. When there are multiple negative pole tabs on the electrode assembly 30, the negative pole tabs are stacked together to form a group of pole tabs 31.
  • the end cap 41 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 70 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 200 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 41 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 70 to fit on the housing 70.
  • the end cap 41 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 41 is not easily deformed when squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 200 can have a higher structural strength and the safety performance can also be improved.
  • the electrode terminal 42 refers to a conductive member provided on the end cap 41.
  • the electrode terminal 42 is connected to the tab 31 of the electrode assembly 30 to output the electric energy of the battery cell 200 or to charge the battery cell 200.
  • the battery cell 200 generally has two electrode terminals 42, which are respectively connected to the positive and negative tabs of the electrode assembly 30.
  • the electrode terminal 42 connected to the positive tab is the positive electrode terminal
  • the electrode terminal 42 connected to the negative tab is the negative electrode terminal.
  • the electrode assembly 30 is connected to the electrode terminal 42 on the end cap 41 to form a battery cell 200.
  • the battery cell 200 may also include other functional components.
  • the shell 70 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 41 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 200, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 30, the electrolyte and other components.
  • the shell 70 and the end cap 41 can be independent components, and an opening can be set on the shell 70, and the internal environment of the battery cell 200 is formed by covering the opening with the end cap 41 at the opening.
  • the shell 70 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the shell 70 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell 200.
  • the material of the shell 70 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • the battery cell 200 may include one or more electrode assemblies 30.
  • the plurality of electrode assemblies 30 are divided into two groups, each group including at least one electrode assembly 30, such as when there are two electrode assemblies 30, the two electrode assemblies 30 are divided into two groups.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 30 is greater than two, at least one group includes at least two electrode assemblies 30, and the other group includes at least one electrode assembly 30.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 30 is an even number, the number of electrode assemblies 30 in the two groups may be set to be the same.
  • the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 are relatively unfolded, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, so that the pole lugs 31 of the same polarity on each group of electrode assemblies 30 are connected to the same electrode terminal 42, which is convenient for connection.
  • the shielding assembly 50 can be installed on the end cover 41, so that the shielding assembly 50 covers the injection hole 411 of the end cover 41, and the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 are bent and connected to the end faces of the ends of the pole lugs 31 of the two adjacent electrode assemblies 30, that is, the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 are connected to the end faces of the pole lugs 31 of the two electrode assemblies 30 that are closer to the shielding assembly 50.
  • the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 need to be folded and closed, as shown in FIG. 6, so that each electrode assembly 30 can be installed in the shell 70.
  • the state of relatively unfolding the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 is the state before closing.
  • the state of the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 after folding is called the state of core closing, and the process of folding the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 is called core closing.
  • the battery cell 200 includes two sets of electrode assemblies 30, when manufacturing the battery cell 200, multiple electrode assemblies 30 can be integrated, and the multiple electrode assemblies 30 can be divided into two groups for easy assembly.
  • the shielding component 50 is covered on the injection hole 411 on the end cover 41.
  • the shielding component 50 will block the electrolyte. Due to the blocking effect of the shielding component 50, the electrolyte directly impacts the shielding component 50, so that the shielding component 50 bears the impact force of the injected electrolyte, so that the shielding component 50 absorbs the impact energy of the electrolyte, and the electrolyte disperses and flows into the shell 70 from the gap between the shielding component 50 and the end cover 41, so as to disperse and buffer the injected electrolyte, which can prevent the electrolyte from directly scouring the electrode assembly 30, and further prevent the diaphragm from folding due to the scouring of the electrolyte, reduce the risk of self-discharge caused by the overlap of the pole ear 31 and the end face of the pole piece, improve safety and extend service life.
  • a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 200 reaches a threshold value may also be provided on the end cap 41.
  • the material of the end cap 41 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 30 has a height direction, a width direction and a thickness direction.
  • the Y direction is the height direction of the electrode assembly 30
  • the X direction is the width direction of the electrode assembly 30
  • the Z direction is the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 30 .
  • the two opposite ends of the electrode assembly 30 are defined as the first end 301 and the second end 302, respectively, wherein the pole ear 31 is located at the first end 301 of the electrode assembly 30, that is, the first end 301 of the electrode assembly 30 is the end where the pole ear 31 is located on the electrode assembly 30.
  • the second end 302 is the end of the electrode assembly 30 opposite to the first end 301, and the direction from the first end 301 to the second end 302 is the height direction (i.e., the Y direction) of the electrode assembly 30.
  • the surface defined by the height direction (i.e., the Y direction) and the width direction (i.e., the X direction) of the electrode assembly 30 between the first end 301 and the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 is the side surface of the electrode assembly 30. It can be seen that the electrode assembly 30 has two opposite side surfaces, and the normal direction of the two side surfaces is the thickness direction (i.e., the Z direction) of the electrode assembly 30.
  • the electrode terminal 42 on the end cap 41 is connected to the pole ear 31 of the electrode assembly 30, and the end cap 41 will cover the shell 70 when assembled.
  • the outer contour of the end cap 41 can be a rectangular or rectangular flat plate, such as the corners of the end cap 41 can be rounded.
  • the width direction of the end cap 41 is consistent with the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 30, and the length direction of the end cap 41 is consistent with the width direction of the electrode assembly 30.
  • the two sides of the length direction of the end cap 41 are the two sides of the end cap 41, and the edge of one side of the end cap 41 is the side of the end cap 41.
  • the two ends of the length direction of the end cap 41 are the two ends of the end cap 41. Since the shielding assembly 50 is attached to the end cap 41 along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 30 (that is, the width direction of the end cap 41), the width direction of the shielding assembly 50 is consistent with the length direction of the end cap 41.
  • the shielding component 50 has two opposite sides and two opposite sides, which are one side and the other side respectively.
  • the edge of one side of the shielding component 50 is one side of the shielding component 50, and the edge of the other side of the shielding component 50 is the other side of the shielding component 50.
  • one side of the shielding component 50 is defined as the first side
  • the other side of the shielding component 50 is defined as the second side.
  • one side of the shielding component 50 is defined as the first side 511
  • the other side of the shielding component 50 is defined as the second side 512.
  • the electrode assembly 30 is provided with pole lugs 31 with opposite polarities.
  • the first side 511 and the second side 512 of the shielding assembly 50 are respectively located on opposite sides of the injection hole 411, and the electrode assembly 30 is provided with two sets of pole lugs 31 with opposite polarities.
  • the injection hole 411 is provided between the two sets of pole lugs 31 (i.e., the two sets of pole lugs 31 are located on opposite sides of the injection hole 411), or the two sets of pole lugs 31 are located on the same side of the injection hole 411, there must be a set of pole lugs 31 that is closer to the second side 512 relative to the first side 511.
  • the set of pole lugs 31 that is closer to the first side 511 relative to the second side 512 in the two sets of pole lugs 31 is called the first pole lug 311
  • the set of pole lugs 31 that is closer to the second side 512 and away from the first side 511 in the two sets of pole lugs 31 is defined as the second pole lug 312.
  • the electrode terminal 42 connected to the first electrode tab 311 may be referred to as a first electrode terminal 421
  • the electrode terminal 42 connected to the second electrode tab 312 may be referred to as a second electrode terminal 422 for the sake of distinction and description.
  • the shielding assembly 50 can be bonded to the end cover 41, so that the shielding assembly 50 can be conveniently connected to the end cover 41, the shielding assembly 50 can be conveniently fixed, and the assembly can be conveniently performed, and the shielding assembly 50 can be well covered on the injection hole 411 on the end cover 41, that is, the bonding strength between the shielding assembly 50 and the end cover 41 is set to: the electrolyte injected from the injection hole 411 can partially impact the shielding assembly 50 and separate it from the end cover 41.
  • the bonding strength between the shielding assembly 50 and the end cover 41 is less than the pressure of the electrolyte injected into the injection hole 411.
  • Bonding strength refers to the bonding force borne on a unit bonding surface. Pressure refers to the force borne per unit area.
  • the bonding strength between the shielding component 50 and the end cover 41 is less than the pressure of the electrolyte injected into the injection hole 411.
  • the impact force of the electrolyte can separate the partial area where the shielding component 50 is connected to the end cover 41, preventing the shielding component 50 from blocking the injection hole 411, so that the electrolyte can flow through these separated areas to facilitate the injection of the electrolyte.
  • the shielding assembly 50 includes a shielding member 51, and the shielding member 51 is bonded to the end cover 41 to ensure that the shielding member 51 covers the injection hole 411 on the end cover 41, and the bonding strength between the shielding member 51 and the end cover 41 is set to: the electrolyte injected from the injection hole 411 can partially impact the shielding member 51 and separate it from the end cover 41.
  • the bonding strength between the shielding member 51 and the end cover 41 is less than the pressure of the electrolyte injected into the injection hole 411.
  • the impact force of the electrolyte can separate the partial area where the shielding member 51 is connected to the end cover 41, preventing the shielding member 51 from blocking the injection hole 411, so that the electrolyte can flow through these separated areas to inject the electrolyte.
  • the shielding member 51 is attached to the end cap 41 along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 30 (i.e., the width direction of the end cap 41), and the width direction of the shielding member 51 is consistent with the length direction of the end cap 41.
  • the length direction of the shielding member 51 is consistent with the length direction of the shielding assembly 50
  • the width direction of the shielding member 51 is consistent with the width direction of the shielding assembly 50.
  • the first side of the shielding assembly 50 is also the first side of the shielding member 51
  • the second side of the shielding assembly 50 is also the second side of the shielding member 51
  • the first side edge 511 of the shielding assembly 50 is also the first side edge of the shielding member 51
  • the second side edge 512 of the shielding assembly 50 is also the second side edge of the shielding member 51.
  • the shielding assembly 50 includes a shielding member 51 and a buffer member 52.
  • the buffer member 52 can be installed on the electrode assembly 30, and the buffer member 52 supports the shielding member 51, so that the shielding member 51 can be supported on the electrode assembly 30 through the buffer member 52. In this way, the shielding member 51 can be supported more stably.
  • the ability of the shielding member 51 to resist the impact of the electrolyte can be enhanced to better prevent the shielding member 51 from falling off.
  • the buffer 52 can be an elastic member to elastically support the shielding member 51, so that when the electrolyte is added, when the electrolyte breaks through the shielding member 51 and flows into the shell 70, the shielding member 51 can elastically buffer the electrolyte, and when the filling stops, the shielding member 51 can block the injection hole 411 again to prevent impurities from entering the shell 70.
  • the buffer member 52 can also be a hard member to stably support the shielding member 51 and enhance the ability of the shielding member 51 to withstand the impact of the electrolyte.
  • the shielding member 51 is a sheet-like structure, which can reduce the occupied space, improve the capacity density of the battery cell, and facilitate the bonding of the shielding member 51 to the end cover 41.
  • the shielding member 51 can be partially opened to add electrolyte, and the shielding member 51 can be prevented from falling off the end cover 41. It can be understood that the shielding member 51 can also use other shapes such as plate-like structures.
  • the shielding member 51 can be a structure with elasticity. That is to say, the shielding member 51 has elastic properties, which makes the shielding member 51 elastic. After assembly, the shielding member 51 can elastically resist the end cover 41, and in particular, can elastically cover the injection hole 411. When the electrolyte is added, the shielding member 51 can elastically buffer the electrolyte to better absorb the impact energy of the electrolyte, so as to buffer and disperse the electrolyte, avoid the electrolyte directly flushing the electrode assembly 30, and thus avoid the diaphragm folding due to the electrolyte flushing.
  • the shielding member 51 can be elastically deformed, it is also convenient for the injection of the electrolyte and improves the injection efficiency of the electrolyte. Moreover, this structure can also protect the shielding member 51 and will not cause the shielding member 51 to fall off from the end cover 41. It can be understood that the shielding member 51 can also be made of a flexible diaphragm, which is adhered to the end cover 41. When the electrolyte is added, only a part of the area where the shielding member 51 and the end cover 41 are bonded will be flushed away by the electrolyte. This will not cause the shielding member 51 to fall off, and the shielding member 51 can also buffer and disperse the added electrolyte to prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly 30.
  • the shielding member 51 can be elastic and bonded to the end cover 41, which can facilitate the installation of the shielding member 51 during assembly.
  • the shielding member 51 can elastically buffer the electrolyte.
  • the shielding member 51 can block the injection hole 411 again to prevent impurities from entering the shell 70.
  • the buffer member 52 may be a sheet-like structure to reduce the space occupied by the buffer member 52. It is understandable that the buffer member 52 may also be a columnar member or the like.
  • the buffer 52 when the buffer 52 is an elastic member, it can be an elastic sheet structure, so that the buffer 52 can be bent and set, and the two ends of the buffer 52 are respectively connected to the shielding member 51 and the electrode assembly 30 to support the shielding member 51. It can be understood that the buffer 52 can also use an elastic rubber column.
  • the shielding assembly 50 includes a shielding member 51 and a buffer member 52.
  • the shielding member 51 is provided with buffer members 52 at both ends along the length direction of the end cover 41.
  • the buffer member 52 and the shielding member 51 are integrally formed to facilitate processing and manufacturing and installation.
  • the buffer member 52 and the shielding member 51 can be integrally formed, and the buffer members 52 are respectively provided at both ends of the length direction of the shielding member 51, that is, the shielding assembly 50 is a sheet-like structure as a whole. It can be understood that the shielding member 51 and the buffer member 52 can also be provided separately, and then the buffer member 52 and the shielding member 51 are bonded and connected.
  • the shielding component 50 is a sheet-like structure as a whole, that is, the buffer 52 and the shielding component 51 are integrally formed as a sheet-like structure, which occupies a small space, is easy to process and manufacture, and is easy to install and use, and has low cost.
  • the shielding component 50 can refer to a film with insulating properties, such as the shielding component 50 can be a resin sheet such as PET (polyethylene glycol terephthalate), or can be made of other plastic sheets, so that the shielding component 51 is formed in the middle of the length direction of the shielding component 50, and the buffer 52 is formed at both ends.
  • a longer insulating tape can be used and cut to obtain the shielding component 50.
  • the shielding component 50 has a length direction and a width direction, the two ends of the shielding component 50 in the length direction are the two ends of the shielding component 50, the two sides of the shielding component 50 in the length direction are the two sides of the shielding component 50, and the edge of one side of the shielding component 50 is the side of the shielding component 50.
  • the length direction of the shielding component 50 is consistent with the width direction of the end cover 41.
  • the buffer members 52 at the opposite ends of the shielding member 51 are bent and connected to the two electrode assemblies 30 adjacent to the injection hole 411, so that the shielding member 51 can protect the electrode assembly 30, especially when the electrolyte is added, the shielding member 51 can disperse the electrolyte to the edge of the electrode assembly 30 to further disperse the electrolyte and avoid flushing the electrode assembly 30 when the electrolyte is added.
  • the buffer member 52 when the buffer member 52 is elastic, the buffer member 52 needs to be bent into an arc toward the electrode assembly 30 to be connected to the electrode assembly 30, so that the electrode assembly 30 can also support the shielding member 51, so that the shielding member 51 can elastically resist the end cover 41 to better cover the injection hole 411, and elastically buffer the added electrolyte, thereby improving the ability to absorb the impact of the electrolyte.
  • the opposite ends of the shielding member 51 are the opposite ends of the length direction of the shielding member 51, and also refer to the opposite ends of the shielding member 51 along the width direction of the end cover 41.
  • the buffer members 52 at opposite ends of the shielding member 51 are bent and connected to the electrode assembly 30 .
  • the shielding component 50 when the shielding component 50 is a sheet structure as a whole, the shielding component 50 can be a sheet structure with elasticity as a whole. That is to say, the shielding component 50 has elastic characteristics, which makes the shielding component 50 elastic.
  • the shielding member 51 After assembly, the shielding member 51 can elastically resist the end cover 41, especially can be elastically covered on the injection hole 411.
  • the shielding member 51 can elastically buffer the electrolyte to better absorb the impact energy of the electrolyte, to buffer and disperse the electrolyte, to prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly 30, and then to avoid the diaphragm from folding due to the electrolyte flushing.
  • the shielding component 50 can be elastically deformed, it is also convenient to inject the electrolyte and improve the injection efficiency of the electrolyte. Moreover, this structure can also protect the shielding member 51 and will not cause the shielding member 51 to fall off from the end cover 41. It can be understood that the shielding component 50 can also use a flexible diaphragm, which is adhered to the end cover 41. When the electrolyte is added, only a part of the area where the shielding component 50 and the end cover 41 are bonded will be flushed away by the electrolyte. This will not cause the shielding component 50 to fall off, and the shielding component 50 can also buffer and disperse the added electrolyte to prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly 30.
  • the shielding assembly 50 includes a shielding member 51 and a buffer member 52.
  • the length of the shielding assembly 50 is L, i.e., the sum of the lengths of the shielding member 51 and the buffer members 52 at both ends thereof, and satisfies: 2mm ⁇ L1+1.5*H-L ⁇ 6mm, wherein L1 is the distance between the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 when they are unfolded (i.e., when the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 are unfolded relative to each other and the sides of the electrode assemblies 30 and the end cap 41 are parallel, the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 are at the same height, and the distance between the two groups of electrode assemblies 30), and H is the thickness of the electrode assembly 30.
  • Such a length specification of the shielding assembly 50 can ensure that the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 can be connected to the two electrode assemblies 30 adjacent to the injection hole 411, and the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 will not exceed the side of the corresponding electrode assembly 30, so that after the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 are combined, the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 can be prevented from abutting against each other and causing interference.
  • the value of L1 is relatively fixed to the value of H. It is understandable that the value of L1 can be set differently or the same for battery cells of different types, and this is not limited here. Similarly, the value of H can be set differently or the same for electrode assemblies 30 of different types, and this is not limited here.
  • the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 may abut against each other and interfere with each other, making it inconvenient to inject liquid and mitigate the impact of the electrolyte.
  • the length L of the shielding assembly 50 is too small, after assembly, it is difficult to ensure that the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 are connected to the electrode assembly 30, making it inconvenient to mitigate the impact of the electrolyte.
  • L1 ranges from 30mm to 100mm, such as 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 70mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, 80mm, 85mm, 90mm, 95mm, 100mm, etc., to ensure that the interval between the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 is not too small when they are unfolded, so as to facilitate assembly. If L1 is less than 30mm, the interval between the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 is too small when they are unfolded, and assembly is inconvenient. When the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 are unfolded, the interval is too large for assembly. If L1 is greater than 100mm, the length of the shielding assembly 50 is too long, and it is not conducive to the connection of the tabs 31.
  • the thickness H of the electrode assembly 30 ranges from 10 mm to 30 mm, such as H can be 10 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm, 25 mm, 28 mm, 30 mm, etc., so that the thickness of a single electrode assembly 30 is appropriate. If the thickness of the electrode assembly 30 is too small, such as H is less than 10 mm, the electrode assembly 30 is too thin, the structural strength is low, and it is not convenient to process and manufacture. If the thickness of the electrode assembly 30 is too large, such as H is greater than 30 mm, the electrode assembly is too thick, and it will be relatively loose during processing and manufacturing, which is not conducive to heat dissipation.
  • the length of the shielding assembly 50 can be 100 mm, the distance L1 between the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 when unfolded is 80 mm, and the thickness of the electrode assembly 30 is 17 mm. In another example, the length of the shielding assembly 50 can be 76 mm, the distance L1 between the two sets of electrode assemblies 30 when unfolded is 52 mm, and the thickness of the electrode assembly 30 is 20 mm.
  • the first side 511 and the second side 512 of the shielding component 50 are respectively located on opposite sides of the injection hole 411, and the distance between the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411 is less than or equal to the distance between the second side 512 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411.
  • the distance between the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411 is d, and 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 20 mm.
  • the distance between the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411 is d, that is, the shielding component 50 covers the injection hole 411, and the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 exceeds the edge of the injection hole 411, and the minimum distance that the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 exceeds the edge of the injection hole 411 is the interference distance, and the range of the distance d that the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 exceeds the edge of the injection hole 411 is 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 20mm, such as the distance d can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, etc.
  • the electrolyte when injecting electrolyte, the electrolyte needs a certain force to break through the first side 511 of the shielding component 50, so as to ensure the buffering capacity of the shielding component 50 for the electrolyte, so as to better disperse the electrolyte and prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly 30.
  • the distance d is too small, such as when the distance d is less than or equal to 0, it is difficult to ensure that the shielding component 50 completely covers the injection hole 411.
  • the electrolyte When the electrolyte is injected, it will rush out from the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and flush the electrode assembly 30.
  • the electrolyte needs too much force to break through the shielding component 50 and flow out from the first side 511 of the shielding component 50, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of electrolyte injection.
  • the distance between the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411 is less than or equal to the distance between the second side 512 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411, so that the electrolyte needs more force to break through the second side 512 of the shielding component 50, which can better protect the pole ear 31 adjacent to the second side 512.
  • the first side edge 511 of the shielding assembly 50 is the first side edge of the shielding member 51
  • the second side edge 512 of the shielding assembly 50 is the second side edge of the shielding member 51 .
  • the second side of the shielding assembly 50 is attached to the adjacent pole ear 31, and the first side 511 of the shielding assembly 50 is spaced apart from the other pole ear. That is, the second side 512 of the shielding assembly 50 is attached to the pole ear 31 adjacent to the second side 512, that is, the second side 512 of the shielding assembly 50 is attached to the second pole ear 312.
  • the resistance of the injected electrolyte to flush the shielding assembly 50 and reach the second pole ear 312 from the second side 512 of the shielding assembly 50 is greater, which can reduce the impact of the electrolyte on the second pole ear 312, and then when the electrolyte reaching the second pole ear 312 flows along the second pole ear 312 to the electrode assembly 30, the impact of the electrolyte is very small, so that the electrolyte can be better prevented from flushing and folding the diaphragm.
  • the shielding component 50 covers the pole ear 31 adjacent to the second side 512 of the shielding component 50. That is to say, the shielding component 50 covers the second pole ear 312, which not only protects the second pole ear 312, but also prevents the connection between the second pole ear 312 and the second electrode terminal 422 from affecting the electrode assembly 30. For example, there are often burr welding slags at the welding point between the second pole ear 312 and the second electrode terminal 422, and the shielding component 50 covers the second pole ear 312, so that the shielding component 50 can cover these burr welding slags, thereby preventing these burr welding slags from damaging the electrode assembly 30 and improving safety.
  • the distance from the second pole ear 312 to the injection hole 411 is relatively fixed.
  • the distance from the second pole ear 312 to the injection hole 411 on a conventional battery cell 200 ranges from 3 to 5 mm, and d is the distance between the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411.
  • Using a shielding component 50 of this width can ensure that the shielding component 50 covers the injection hole 411 well, and ensure the distance between the first side 511 of the shielding component 50 and the injection hole 411, so as to better buffer the injection of electrolyte, and can make the resistance of the electrolyte flowing out of the second side 512 of the shielding component 50 greater, so that only a small amount of electrolyte can flow to the second pole ear 312, so as to protect the second pole ear 312 and the electrode assembly 30.
  • the pole piece and the diaphragm are in a relatively free state, and the electrode assembly 30 is fluffy, especially the innermost pole piece and the diaphragm of the wound electrode assembly 30 will be open. In this state, if the electrode assembly 30 is improperly transferred, it is easy to cause the pole piece to slip and the diaphragm to fold.
  • the battery cell 200 further includes an insulating tape 61, and at least one insulating tape 61 is attached to the second end 302 of each group of electrode assemblies 30, and the two ends of the insulating tape 61 are attached to the opposite sides of the corresponding group of electrode assemblies 30.
  • the two ends of the insulating tape 61 are attached to the opposite sides of the corresponding group of electrode assemblies 30.
  • the insulating tape 61 is attached to the opposite sides of the electrode assembly 30.
  • a group of electrode assemblies includes a plurality of electrode assemblies 30, these electrode assemblies 30 are stacked, and the insulating tape 61 is attached to the end surfaces of the second ends 302 of the plurality of electrode assemblies 30 in the group of electrode assemblies, and the two ends of the insulating tape 61 are attached to the two outermost sides of the stacked group of electrode assemblies.
  • the insulating tape 61 refers to an adhesive tape with insulating properties, such as a resin tape or other plastic tape.
  • the insulating tape 61 has a length direction and a width direction, the two ends of the insulating tape 61 in the length direction are the two ends of the insulating tape 61, the two sides of the insulating tape 61 in the length direction are the two sides of the insulating tape 61, and the edge of one side of the insulating tape 61 is the side of the insulating tape 61 in the length direction.
  • At least one insulating tape 61 is pasted on the second end 302 of each group of electrode assemblies 30.
  • the second end 302 of the electrode assemblies 30 in each group can be bound by the insulating tape 61.
  • the diaphragm of the electrode assemblies 30 in each group be bound between the corresponding pole pieces to better prevent the diaphragm from folding, but also the two groups of electrode assemblies 30 can be folded together to facilitate assembly.
  • the second end 302 of each electrode assembly 30 is pasted with an insulating tape 61 for easy installation. It is understandable that the second end 302 of each electrode assembly 30 can be pasted with two, three, or other insulating tapes 61.
  • each group of electrode assemblies includes only one electrode assembly 30, the corresponding insulating tape 61 on the electrode assembly 30 is attached to the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30, and the two ends of the insulating tape 61 are attached to the opposite side surfaces of the electrode assembly 30, then the thickness M2 of the above-mentioned group of electrode assemblies 30 is the thickness of the electrode assembly 30.
  • each insulating tape 61 is less than 50 mm. In this way, when installing the insulating tape 61, it is convenient to stick the insulating tape 61 and to control the width of the insulating tape 61 covering the electrode assembly 30.
  • the battery cell 200 further includes two adapters 43, the two adapters 43 correspond to the two electrode terminals 42 respectively, each adapter 43 is connected to the corresponding electrode terminal 42, and each adapter 43 is connected to the corresponding pole ear 31, that is, each pole ear 31 is connected to the corresponding electrode terminal 42 through the adapter 43, so as to facilitate the connection between the pole ear 31 and the electrode terminal 42, and the connection is more stable.
  • the adapter 43 connected to the first electrode terminal 421 is called the first adapter 431, and the first pole ear 311 is connected to the first adapter 431; the adapter 43 connected to the second electrode terminal 422 is called the second adapter 432, and the second pole ear 312 is connected to the second adapter 432.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the battery cell 200 after the core is assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • a guide groove 412 is provided on the side of the end cover 41 facing the shielding assembly 50, one end of the guide groove 412 is connected to the injection hole 411, and the shielding assembly 50 at least covers a part of the guide groove 412.
  • the guide groove 412 is a groove provided on the side of the end cover 41 where the shielding assembly 50 is provided.
  • One end of the guide groove 412 is connected to the injection hole 411, and the shielding component 50 covers a part of the guide groove 412 to form a channel.
  • the shielding component 50 When injecting electrolyte, the shielding component 50 can turn to flow into the guide groove 412 after buffering the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte is guided and dispersed to the set position through the guide groove 412, which is convenient for electrolyte filling and improves the electrolyte filling efficiency.
  • the shielding component 50 bears the impact of the electrolyte filling at the injection hole 411 and absorbs the impact energy of the electrolyte at the injection hole 411, the electrolyte is buffered, so that the impact force of the electrolyte flowing out of the guide groove 412 is very small, thereby preventing the electrolyte from scouring the electrode assembly 30 and causing the diaphragm to fold.
  • the guide groove 412 is disposed on the shielding member 51 .
  • the guide groove 412 includes a first guide groove 4121, one end of the first guide groove 4121 is connected to the injection hole 411, and the other end of the first guide groove 4121 extends out of the side of the shielding component 51 away from the adjacent pole ear 31.
  • the other end of the first guide groove 4121 extends out of the side of the shielding component 51 away from the adjacent second pole ear 312, that is, the other end of the first guide groove 4121 extends from the second side 512 of the shielding component 51.
  • the first guide groove 4121 when injecting electrolyte, more electrolyte can be guided to flow out from the side where the second side 512 of the shielding component 51 is located, so as to add electrolyte, and avoid the impact force of the electrolyte rushing open the area between the shielding component 51 and the end cover 41 between the injection hole 411 and the second pole ear 312 when the electrolyte is added.
  • the impact force is relatively large, which will have a greater impact on the second pole ear 312.
  • the provision of the first guide groove 4121 can reduce the force of the electrolyte rushing open the shielding component 51 in the area between the injection hole 411 and the second pole ear 312, thereby reducing the impact on the second pole ear 312 and reducing the impact on the second pole ear 312.
  • the shielding assembly 50 when the shielding assembly 50 includes the shielding member 51 , the first guide groove 4121 is disposed on the shielding member 51 .
  • first guide groove 4121 there may be one first guide groove 4121. Of course, there may be multiple first guide grooves 4121, which is not limited here.
  • the guide groove 412 includes a second guide groove 4122, one end of the second guide groove 4122 is connected to the injection hole 411, and the other end of the second guide groove 4122 is adjacent to the side of the end cover 41.
  • the second guide groove 4122 is provided, and when the electrolyte is injected, the electrolyte can be guided to flow to the side adjacent to the end cover 41, and then the shielding component 50 between the other end of the second guide groove 4122 and the corresponding side of the end cover 41 is opened, so as to further absorb the impact energy of the electrolyte, reduce the impact force of the electrolyte, and disperse the electrolyte, so as to facilitate the filling of the electrolyte and facilitate the electrode assembly 30 to absorb the electrolyte more evenly.
  • the shielding assembly 50 when the shielding assembly 50 includes the shielding member 51 , the second guide groove 4122 is disposed on the shielding member 51 .
  • one end of the second guide groove 4122 is connected to the injection hole 411, and the other end of the second guide groove 4122 extends to the side of the end cap 41. In this way, when injecting electrolyte, the electrolyte can be guided to flow to the side of the end cap 41 to disperse the electrolyte, facilitate the filling of the electrolyte, and also facilitate the electrode assembly 30 to absorb the electrolyte more evenly.
  • the guide groove 412 includes a third guide groove 4123, one end of the third guide groove 4123 is connected to the injection hole 411, and the other end of the third guide groove 4123 extends to the pole ear 31 adjacent to the shielding assembly 50, that is, the first side 511 of the shielding assembly 50 is spaced from the first pole ear 311, and when the second side 511 of the shielding assembly 50 is attached to the second pole ear 312, the other end of the third guide groove 4123 extends to the second pole ear 312.
  • the third guide groove 4123 is provided, and when the electrolyte is injected, the electrolyte can be guided to flow to the second pole ear 312 to disperse the electrolyte, which is convenient for the electrolyte to be added, and also convenient for the electrode assembly 30 to absorb the electrolyte more evenly.
  • the third guide groove 4123 is disposed on the shielding member 51.
  • the first side 511 of the shielding assembly 50 is the first side of the shielding member 51
  • the second side 512 of the shielding assembly 50 is the second side of the shielding member 51.
  • the end cap 41 may be provided with a first guide groove 4121, a second guide groove 4122, and a third guide groove 4123 at the same time to better disperse the electrolyte and improve the filling efficiency of the electrolyte. It is understandable that only one or two of the first guide groove 4121, the second guide groove 4122, and the third guide groove 4123 may be provided on the end cap 41.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell 200 before the battery cell 200 is assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the second side 512 of the shielding component 50 is spaced apart from the second pole ear 312.
  • This structure can use a shielding component 50 with a smaller width, and when the electrolyte is added, after the shielding component 50 absorbs the impact force of the electrolyte at the injection hole 411, more electrolyte will flow out from the opposite sides of the shielding component 50.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell 200 before the core is assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the connection area between each pole ear 31 and the corresponding adapter plate 43 is covered with an insulating sheet 45. Covering the connection area between the pole ear 31 and the adapter plate 43 with the insulating sheet 45 can protect the connection between the pole ear 31 and the adapter plate 43, and can prevent the connection between the pole ear 31 and the adapter plate 43 from affecting the electrode assembly 30, thereby improving the safety of manufacturing the battery 1001.
  • Providing an insulating sheet 45 to cover this area can prevent the burr welding slag in the welding area between the pole ear 31 and the adapter plate 43 from damaging the electrode assembly 30, thereby improving safety.
  • the insulating sheet 45 refers to a film with insulating properties, such as a resin film or other plastic films.
  • the shielding assembly 50 when the shielding assembly 50 covers the second pole lug 312 , the shielding assembly 50 is attached to the insulating sheet 45 corresponding to the second pole lug 312 , so that the second pole lug 312 can be better protected by the insulating sheet 45 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell 200 before the core is closed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the end cap assembly 40 also includes an isolator 44, and the end cap 41 is mounted on the isolator 44.
  • the end cap 41 is supported by the isolator 44, and the isolator 44 can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 70 from the end cap 41 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the isolator 44 can be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the width direction of the spacer 44 is consistent with the width direction of the end cover 41, and the length direction of the spacer 44 is consistent with the length direction of the end cover 41.
  • the two ends of the spacer 44 in the length direction are the two ends of the spacer 44.
  • the spacer 44 supports the edge of the end cap 41, and the spacer 41 tends to protrude from the side of the end cap 41 facing the electrode assembly 30.
  • the shielding assembly 50 is spaced apart from the spacer 44, so that when the electrode assembly 30 is assembled, the spacer 44 will not push the shielding assembly 50, so that the shielding assembly 50 can be well attached to the end cap 41.
  • the distance K between the side of the shielding assembly 50 and the end of the isolating member 44 close to the shielding assembly 50 is greater than 3 mm.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell 200 before the core is assembled in some embodiments of the present application.
  • two insulating tapes 61 can be attached to the second end 302 of each group of electrode assemblies 30.
  • the two insulating tapes 61 can be provided to more stably bind the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 and bind the diaphragm between the pole pieces to better prevent the diaphragm from folding. It can be understood that three, four, or other numbers of insulating tapes 61 can be attached to the second end 302 of each group of electrode assemblies 30.
  • the sum of the widths of the insulating tapes 61 on each electrode assembly 30 is less than the width of the electrode assembly 30.
  • the sum of the widths of the insulating tapes 61 is set to be less than the width of the electrode assembly 30, so that the insulating tapes 61 do not completely cover the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30, so that the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 outside the insulating tape 61 can allow the electrolyte to enter the electrode assembly 30, so that the electrode assembly 30 absorbs the electrolyte.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode assembly 30 in the battery cell 200 of some embodiments of the present application, and the insulating tape 61 shown in the figure covers the end surface area of the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30.
  • a plurality of openings 611 are provided on the insulating tape 61 in the area corresponding to the end surface of the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30. The provision of the openings 611 can facilitate the added electrolyte to enter the electrode assembly 30, and can facilitate the electrode assembly 30 to absorb the electrolyte.
  • the insulating tape 61 covers a partial area of the end surface of the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30. This not only allows the electrolyte to enter the electrode assembly 30 in the area of the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 outside the insulating tape 61, but also the setting of the opening 611 allows the electrolyte to enter the electrode assembly 30, which can facilitate the electrode assembly 30 to absorb the electrolyte.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode assembly 30 in the battery cell 200 of some embodiments of the present application.
  • the insulating tape 61 covers the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30, and a plurality of openings 611 are provided in the region of the insulating tape 61 corresponding to the end surface of the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30, so that the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 can be better and more stably bound, and the diaphragm can be bound between the pole pieces to better prevent the diaphragm from folding.
  • only a partial area of the insulating tape 61 corresponding to the end surface of the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 is provided with an opening 611 to ensure good structural strength of the insulating tape 61 and to more stably bind the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode assembly 30 in the battery cell 200 of some embodiments of the present application.
  • the entire area of the end surface of the insulating tape 61 corresponding to the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 is distributed with openings 611 to enhance the ability of the electrolyte to enter the electrode assembly 30, so as to facilitate the electrode assembly 30 to absorb the electrolyte.
  • the battery cell 200 may include a plurality of electrode assemblies 30. These electrode assemblies 30 are divided into two groups. When each group of electrode assemblies includes a plurality of electrode assemblies 30, these electrode assemblies 30 are stacked, and the insulating tape 61 is bonded to the end faces of the second ends 302 of the plurality of electrode assemblies 30 in the group of electrode assemblies, and the two ends of the insulating tape 61 are affixed to the two outermost side surfaces of the corresponding group of stacked electrode assemblies.
  • This structure can restrain the second ends 302 of each group of electrode assemblies, and facilitate the integration of each group of electrode assemblies, and also facilitate the folding and closing of the two groups of electrode assemblies.
  • each group of electrode assemblies includes two electrode assemblies 30. It can be understood that each group of electrode assemblies may include three, four, or other number of electrode assemblies 30, which is not limited here.
  • an insulating tape 61 can also be separately pasted on each electrode assembly 30 to respectively restrain the second end 302 of each electrode assembly 30 through the insulating tape 61 to prevent the diaphragm in the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 from folding when the electrode assembly 30 is moved.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of a battery cell 200 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 200 includes only one electrode assembly 30.
  • the multiple electrode assemblies can be stacked to form a whole, so that they are regarded as one electrode assembly 30 as a whole.
  • the shielding assembly 50 covers the injection hole 411 of the end cover 41, and the two ends of the shielding assembly 50 are connected to the two sides of the end surface of the first end 301 of the electrode assembly 30, so that when the electrolyte is added, the shielding assembly 50 can also buffer and disperse the added electrolyte to prevent the electrolyte from directly flushing the electrode assembly 30, thereby preventing the diaphragm from folding due to the impact of the electrolyte.
  • the shielding assembly 50 includes a shielding member 51 and a buffer member 52.
  • the shielding member 51 covers the injection hole 411 of the end cover 41, and the two ends of the shielding member 51 and the two buffer members 52 are bent and connected to the two sides of the end surface of the first end 301 of the electrode assembly 30.
  • At least one insulating tape 61 may be affixed to the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30, and the two ends of the insulating tape 61 may be affixed to the opposite sides of the electrode assembly 30, so that the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 can be restrained by the insulating tape 61 to prevent the diaphragm in the second end 302 of the electrode assembly 30 from folding.
  • the present application also provides a battery, comprising the battery cell described in any of the above schemes.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, comprising the battery described in any of the above schemes.
  • the power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using batteries.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。电池单体包括：电极组件（30）；端盖组件（40），包括端盖（41），端盖（41）上开设有注液孔（411）；以及，遮挡组件（50），遮挡组件（50）遮盖注液孔（411）。通过设置遮挡组件（50），使遮挡组件（50）盖于注液孔（411）上，则注入电解液时，遮挡组件（50）会承受注入电解液的冲击力，避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件（30），进而可以避免因电解液冲刷导致隔膜翻折。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请属于电池技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
电池单体在制作时，将电极组件安装在壳体中后，需要从端盖的注液孔注入电解液，而电解液在注入时，会冲击电极组件导致隔膜翻折，而露出极片，使得极耳与极片端面搭接引起自放电问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，以解决相关技术中注入电解液时，会冲击电极组件导致隔膜翻折的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，包括：电极组件；端盖组件，包括端盖，所述端盖上开设有注液孔；以及，遮挡组件，设置于所述端盖朝向所述电极组件的一侧并遮盖所述注液孔。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，设置遮挡组件，使遮挡组件遮盖端盖上的注液孔，从注液孔注入电解液时，电解液直接冲击遮挡组件，使遮挡组件承受注入电解液冲击力，对注入电解液起到分散与缓冲作用，可以避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件，进而可以避免因电解液冲刷导致隔膜翻折，降低极耳与极片端面搭接引起自放电的风险，提升安全性与延长使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡组件与所述端盖粘接相连，以使所述注液孔注入的电解液能够将所述遮挡组件部分冲击脱离所述端盖。
将遮挡组件与端盖粘接相连，以方便安装遮挡组件，以保证在组装时，遮挡组件覆盖注液孔，并且在注入电解液时，电解液的冲击力可以使遮挡组件与端盖连接的部分区域分离，以便注入电解液。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡组件包括遮盖所述注液孔的遮挡件和支撑所述遮挡件的缓冲件，所述缓冲件与所述电极组件相连。设置遮挡件来遮挡注液孔，而设置缓冲件来支撑遮挡件，在注入电解液时，通过遮挡件来承受电解液的冲击力，而缓冲件来支撑遮挡件，可以提升遮挡件的承受电解液的冲击的能力，以更好的分散电解液，并且便于电解液的注入。
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲件具有弹性。从而缓冲件可以弹性支撑遮挡件，在电解液冲击遮挡件时，可以对遮挡件起到弹性缓冲的作用，以使遮挡件更好的分散电解液，并且便于电解液的注入。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡件为片状结构。使用片状结构，占用空间小，可以提升电池单体的容量密度，而且便于安装。另外，设置片状结构的遮挡件，也便于粘接在端盖上， 以遮挡注液孔，这样在加注电解液时，可以使电解液可以更好的冲击遮挡件与端盖粘接的部分区域，避免遮挡件脱落。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡件具有弹性。在电解液冲击遮挡件时，遮挡件可以起到弹性缓冲的作用，以更好的分散电解液，并且便于电解液的注入。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡件沿所述端盖宽度方向的相对两端分别设有所述缓冲件，所述缓冲件为与所述遮挡件是一体成型的片状结构。
在遮挡件的相对两端分别设置缓冲件，以更稳定支撑住遮挡件，而将缓冲件设置为片状结构，且缓冲件与遮挡件一体成型，便于加工制作，降低成本，而且也方便装配。
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲件弯曲与所述电极组件相连。将遮挡件两端的缓冲件弯曲与电极组件相连，不仅可以保护电极组件，而且可以起到弹性支撑遮挡件的作用，这可以使遮挡件更好地分散电解液，避免加注电解液时冲刷电极组件。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体包括多个所述电极组件，多个所述电极组件分成两组，所述缓冲件弯曲与邻近所述注液孔的两个所述电极组件相连。设置多个电极组件，在制作电池单体时，可以将多个电极组件进行集成，而将多个电极组件分成两组，以方便组装；将遮挡件两端的缓冲件弯曲与邻近注液孔的两个电极组件相连，可以起到弹性支撑遮挡件的作用，这可以使遮挡件更好地分散电解液，避免加注电解液时冲刷电极组件。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡组件的长度为L，且满足：2mm≤L1+1.5*H-L≤6mm，其中，L1为两组所述电极组件展开处于同一高度且与所述端盖的侧边平行时的间距，H为所述电极组件的厚度。这种遮挡组件的长度规格，可以保证遮挡组件的两端可以与邻近注液孔的两个电极组件相连，而且可以使遮挡组件的两端不会超过相应电极组件的侧面，这样在两组电极组件合芯后，可以避免遮挡组件的两端产生干涉。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡组件沿所述端盖的长度方向具有相对的第一侧边与第二侧边，所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边分别位于所述注液孔的相对两侧，所述第一侧边至所述注液孔的距离小于或等于所述第二侧边至所述注液孔的距离，所述第一侧边至所述注液孔之间距离为d，且0<d<20mm。将遮挡组件的一侧边与注液孔之间设置过盈距离d，可以提升遮挡组件对注入电解液的缓冲能力，更好的分散电解液，避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件。
在一些实施例中，所述电极组件上设有极性相反的极耳，所述遮挡组件的第二侧边贴于邻近的所述极耳上，所述遮挡组件的第一侧边与另一所述极耳间隔设置。可以使得注入电解液冲开遮挡组件到达邻近极耳处的阻力更大，以降低电解液对极耳的冲击力度，进而到达极耳的电解液顺极耳流向电极组件时，可以更好地避免电解液冲刷翻折隔膜。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖上朝向所述遮挡组件的一面上设有导流槽，所述导流槽的一端与所述注液孔连通，所述遮挡组件覆盖所述导流槽的至少部分区域。
通过导流槽的设置，在注入电解液时，遮挡组件在缓冲电解液后，电解液可以更易进入导流槽，通过导流槽来引导与分散电解液到设定位置，便于电解液的加注，并避免电解液冲刷电极组件。
在一些实施例中，所述导流槽包括第一导流槽，所述第一导流槽的一端与所述注液孔连通，所述第一导流槽的另一端伸出所述遮挡组件沿所述端盖的长度方向的一侧。通过第一导流槽的设置，在注入电解液时，可以引导更多的电解液从远离邻近极耳的一侧流出，以便加注电解液，减小对邻近极耳的影响。
在一些实施例中，所述导流槽包括第二导流槽，所述第二导流槽的一端与所述注液孔连通，所述第二导流槽的另一端邻近所述端盖宽度方向的侧边，或者，所述第二导流槽的另一端延伸至所述端盖宽度方向的侧边。设置第二导流槽，在注入电解液时，可以引导电解液流向端盖的侧边，以分散电解液，便于电解液的加注，也便于电极组件更均匀吸收电解液。
在一些实施例中，所述电极组件上设有极性相反的极耳，所述端盖组件还包括分别与相反极性的所述极耳相连的电极端子，所述电极端子安装于所述端盖上，所述电池单体还包括分别与各所述电极端子相连的转接片，各所述转接片与对应所述极耳相连，各所述极耳与对应所述转接片连接区域覆盖有绝缘片。
设置转接片，通过转接片连接极耳与对应的电极端子，便于极耳与电极端子的连接，连接更为稳固；而在极耳与转接片的连接区域覆盖绝缘片，可以保护极耳与转接片的连接处，并且可以避免极耳与转接片的连接处影响电极组件，提升制作电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖组件还包括支撑所述端盖的隔离件，所述遮挡组件与所述隔离件间隔设置。设置隔离件，以更好的支撑端盖，提高制作电池的安全性。而将遮挡组件的侧边与隔离件间隔设置，在电极组件安装时，可以避免隔离件顶动遮挡组件，以使遮挡组件可以良好贴于端盖上。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡组件的侧边与所述隔离件靠近所述遮挡组件的一端之间的距离大于3mm。从而在电极组件安装时，可以保证隔离件不会顶动遮挡组件，遮挡组件良好贴于端盖上。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括如上述实施例所述的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括如上述实施例所述的电池。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或示范性技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图5为图4中电池单体合芯前的侧视结构示意图；
图6为图4中电池单体合芯后的侧视结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯后的侧视结构示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图10为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图11为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图12为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图13为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯前的结构示意图；
图14为本申请一些实施例的电池单体中电极组件的结构示意图；
图15为本申请一些实施例的电池单体中电极组件的结构示意图；
图16为本申请一些实施例的电池单体中电极组件的结构示意图；
图17为本申请一些实施例的电池单体合芯后的侧视结构示意图；
图18为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的侧视结构示意图。
其中，图中各附图主要标记：
1000-车辆；1001-电池；1002-控制器；1003-马达；
100-箱体；101-第一部分；102-第二部分；
200-电池单体；
30-电极组件；301-第一端；302-第二端；31-极耳；311-第一极耳；312-第二极耳；
40-端盖组件；41-端盖；411-注液孔；412-导流槽；4121-第一导流槽；4122-第二导流槽；4123-第三导流槽；42-电极端子；421-第一电极端子；422-第二电极端子；43-转接片；431-第一转接片；432-第二转接片；44-隔离件；45-绝缘片；
50-遮挡组件；51-遮挡件；511-第一侧边；512-第二侧边；52-缓冲件；
61-绝缘胶带；611-开孔；
70-壳体。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以以任何合适的方式与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组” 指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。“若干”的含义是一个或一个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“邻近”是指位置上接近。例如A 1、A 2和B三部件，A 1与B之间的距离大于A 2与B之间的距离，那么A 2相比A 1来说，A 2更接近于B，即A 2邻近B，也可以说B邻近A 2。再如，当有多个C部件，多个C部件分别为C 1、C 2……C N，当其中一个C部件，如C 2相比其他C部件更靠近B部件，那么B邻近C 2，也可以说C 2邻近B。
本申请中电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
在电池中，电池单体为多个时，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体内；当然，电池也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。电池还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体之间的电连接。
本申请实施例中的电池单体包括电极组件、端盖和壳体。
电极组件也称为裸电芯，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔膜组成。电极组件主要 依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，正极集流体上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的部分，未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分作为正极极耳，或者在正极集流体上焊接并引出金属导电体，以作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钻酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，负极集流体上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分凸出于己涂覆负极活性物质层的部分，未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分作为负极极耳，或者在负极集流体上焊接并引出金属导电体，以作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。可以理解地，电极组件中，正极极耳的数量可以为一个，负极极耳的数量也可以为一个。也就是说，电极组件上设有两组极耳，各组中包括至少一个极耳，且一组极耳为正极极耳，另一组极耳为负极极耳。
电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构。本申请实施例并不限于此。卷绕式结构多是将极耳焊接到集流体上，再按正极片——隔膜——负极片——隔膜的顺序排列；再通过卷绕组成圆柱形或方形电芯。叠片式结构多是在集流体上引出极耳，将正极片、负极片和隔膜按照正极片——隔膜——负极片——隔膜顺序排列，逐层叠合在一起形成叠片电芯；其中，可将隔膜切断，并以隔膜片直接叠片，或不将隔膜切断，而是以Z型折叠叠片。隔膜的材质可以为PP或PE等。隔膜是设置在正极片和负极片之间的绝缘膜，其主要作用是：隔离正、负极并使电池内的电子不能自由穿过，防止短路，而能够让电解液中的离子在正负极之间自由通过，以在正负极间形成回路。正极片和负极片统称为极片。正极极耳和负极极耳统称为极耳。
在电极组件制成后，还需要将电极组件装于壳体中，并注入电解液，以使电极组件浸入电解液中，使电极组件可以充分吸收电解液。然而，在电解液注入时，会存在一定的冲击力，这样当电解液冲击到电极组件时，会导致隔膜翻折，而露出极片，使得极耳与极片端面搭接引起自放电。而这种自放电不仅会消耗电能，甚至引发电池内短路风险，影响电池的性能和寿命。
基于上述考虑，为了解决加注电解液过程中，电解液冲刷电极组件，而导致隔膜翻折的问题，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，通过遮挡组件盖于端盖上的注液孔上，从而在注入电解液时，使遮挡组件会承受注入电解液冲击力，并对注入电解液起到分散与缓冲作用，可以避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件，进而可以避免因电解液冲刷导致隔膜翻折，提升电池的性能和寿命。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以用于使用电池作为电源的用电装置或者使用电池作为储能元件的各种储能系统，如应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例提供一种用电装置，该用电装置以车辆为例进 行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池1001，电池1001可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池1001可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池1001可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器1002和马达1003，控制器1002用来控制电池1001为马达1003供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池1001不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池1001的分解结构示意图。电池1001包括箱体100和电池单体200，电池单体200容纳于箱体100内。其中，箱体100用于为电池单体200提供容纳空间，箱体100可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体100可以包括第一部分101和第二部分102，第一部分101与第二部分102相互盖合，第一部分101和第二部分102共同限定出用于容纳电池单体200的容纳空间。第二部分102可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分101可以为板状结构，第一部分101盖合于第二部分102的开口侧，以使第一部分101与第二部分102共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分101和第二部分102也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分101的开口侧盖合于第二部分102的开口侧。当然，第一部分101和第二部分102形成的箱体100可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。多个电池单体200相互并联或串联或混联组合后，置于第一部分101和第二部分102扣合后形成的箱体100内。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体200的分解结构示意图。请一并参阅图4至图6，图4为本申请一些实施例的电池单体20合芯前的结构示意图，图5为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的侧视结构示意图，图6为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯后的侧视结构示意图。
电池单体200包括电极组件30、端盖组件40和遮挡组件50。端盖组件40包括端盖41，端盖41上设有注液孔411，以便加注电解液。遮挡组件50盖于注液孔411上，也就是遮挡组件50设于端盖41朝向电极组件30的一侧并遮挡注液孔411。
在一些实施例中，电池单体200还包括壳体70，电极组件30安装在壳体70中，端盖41盖于壳体70上。
在一些实施例中，电极组件30上设有两组极耳31，两组极耳31的极性相反。端盖组件40还包括两个电极端子42，两个电极端子42分别与两组极耳31相连，各电极端子42安装在端盖41上，通过端盖41来支撑电极端子42。
电极组件30上的两组极耳31：一组极耳31为正极极耳，另一组极耳31为负极极耳。电极组件30上可以设置一个或多个正极极耳。当电极组件30上的正极极耳为一个，则该一个正极极耳形成一组极耳31。当电极组件30上的正极极耳为多个，则这些正极极耳层叠在一起形成一组极耳31。电极组件30上可以设置一个或多个负极极耳。当电极组件30上的负极极耳为一个，则该一个负极极耳形成一组极耳31。当电极组件30上的负极极耳为多个，则这些负极极耳层叠在一起形成一组极耳31。
端盖41是指盖于壳体70的开口处以将电池单体200的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。端盖41的形状可以与壳体70的形状相适应，以配合盖于壳体70上。可选地，端盖41可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖41在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体200能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。
电极端子42是指设于端盖41上的导电件，电极端子42与电极组件30的极耳31相连，以输出电池单体200的电能，或向电池单体200充电。电池单体200的电极端子42一般为两个，两个电极端子42分别与电极组件30的正负极极耳相连，与正极极耳相连的电极端子42为正电极端子，与负极极耳相连的电极端子42为负电极端子。电极组件30与端盖41上的电极端子42相连，以形成电池单体200，当然，电池单体200还可以包括其他功能部件。
壳体70是用于配合端盖41以形成电池单体200的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件30、电解液以及其他部件。壳体70和端盖41可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体70上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖41盖合开口以形成电池单体200的内部环境。壳体70可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体70的形状可以根据电池单体200的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体70的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电池单体200可以包括一个或多个电极组件30。当电池单体200包括多个电极组件30时，多个电极组件30分成两组，每组包括至少一个电极组件30，如当电极组件30为两个时，则该两个电极组件30分成两组。而当电极组件30的数量大于两个时，则至少一组中包括至少两个电极组件30，而另一组包括至少一个电极组件30。当电极组件30的数量为偶数个时，可以将两组中电极组件30的数量设置相同。
当电池单体200包括两组电极组件30时，两组电极组件30相对展开，如图4及图5所示，以便将各组电极组件30上极性相同的极耳31与同一个电极端子42相连，方便连接。在将各电极组件30与对应电极端子42连接后，可以将遮挡组件50安装在端盖41上，使遮挡组件50盖于端盖41的注液孔411，并使遮挡组件50的两端弯曲与邻近的两个电极组件30的极耳31所在端的端面相连，也就是说，遮挡组件50的两端与这些电极组件30中更靠近该遮挡组件50的两个电极组件30的极耳31所在端面相连。这时要将电极组件30安装在壳体70中，就需要将两组电极组件30折叠合芯，如图6所示，以便将各电极组件30安装在壳体70中。将两组电极组件30相对展开的状态为合芯前的状态。而两组电极组件30折叠后的状态为合芯后的状态，而两组电极组件30折叠的过程称为合芯。另外，电池单体200包括两组电极组件30时，在制作电池单体200时，可以将多个电极组件30进行集成，而将多个电极组件30分成两组，以方便组装。
本申请实施例中，使遮挡组件50盖于端盖41上的注液孔411上，从注液孔411注入电解液时，遮挡组件50会阻挡电解液，由于遮挡组件50的阻挡作用，使电解液直接冲击遮挡组件50，使遮挡组件50承受注入电解液冲击力，以使遮挡组件50吸收电解液的冲击能量，而电解液从遮挡组件50与端盖41间的间隙分散流入壳体70，以对注入电解液起到分散与缓冲作用，可以避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件30，进而可以避免因电解液冲刷导致隔膜翻折， 降低极耳31与极片端面搭接引起自放电的风险，提升安全性与延长使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，端盖41上还可以设置有用于在电池单体200的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖41的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
如图3所示，电极组件30具有高度方向、宽度方向与厚度方向，图中Y方向为电极组件30的高度方向，X方向为电极组件30的宽度方向，Z方向为电极组件30的厚度方向。
请参阅图3至图5，为了便于描述，定义电极组件30的相对两端分别为第一端301和第二端302，其中极耳31位于电极组件30的第一端301，也就是说，电极组件30的第一端301为电极组件30上极耳31所在端。第二端302为电极组件30上与第一端301相对的一端，第一端301至第二端302的方向为上述电极组件30的高度方向(即Y方向)。电极组件30的第一端301与第二端302之间，并且电极组件30的高度方向(即Y方向)与宽度方向(即X方向)所限定的表面为电极组件30的侧面，由此可知，电极组件30具有相对的两个侧面，两个侧面的法向为电极组件30的厚度方向(即Z方向)。
端盖41上的电极端子42与电极组件30的极耳31连接，端盖41在组装时，会盖于壳体70上。端盖41外廓可以为长方形或类长方形的扁平板状，如端盖41的各角可以呈圆角。如图3和图4所示，端盖41的宽度方向与电极组件30的厚度方向一致，端盖41的长度方向与电极组件30的宽度方向一致。端盖41长度方向的两侧为端盖41的两侧，端盖41的一侧的边缘为端盖41的侧边。端盖41长度方向的两端为端盖41的两端。由于遮挡组件50是沿电极组件30的厚度方向(即端盖41的宽度方向)贴于端盖41上，则遮挡组件50的宽度方向与端盖41的长度方向一致。
遮挡组件50具有相对两侧和相对的两个侧边，分别为一侧和另一侧，遮挡组件50一侧的边缘为遮挡组件50的一侧边，遮挡组件50另一侧的边缘为遮挡组件50的另一侧边。为了方便描述，将遮挡组件50的一侧定义为第一侧，遮挡组件50的另一侧定义为第二侧，相应地遮挡组件50的一侧边定义为第一侧边511，遮挡组件50的另一侧边定义为第二侧边512。
而电极组件30上设有极性相反的极耳31，当遮挡组件50盖于注液孔411上时，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与第二侧边512分别位于注液孔411的相对两侧，而电极组件30上设有极性相反的两组极耳31。当注液孔411设于两组极耳31之间(即两组极耳31位于注液孔411的相对两侧)，或者两组极耳31位于注液孔411的同一侧时，必然是有一组极耳31相对于第一侧边511来说，更靠近第二侧边512。为了便于描述，将两组极耳31中相对第二侧边512来说更靠近第一侧边511的一组极耳31称为第一极耳311，而两组极耳31中更靠近第二侧边512，而远离第一侧边511的一组极耳31定义为第二极耳312。这样与第一极耳311相连的电极端子42可以称为第一电极端子421，与第二极耳312相连的电极端子42可以称为第二电极端子422，以便区分与描述。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，可以将遮挡组件50与端盖41粘接相连，这样可以方便将遮挡组件50与端盖41相连，便于对遮挡组件50进行固定，便于组装，而且可以良好地保证遮挡组件50盖于端盖41上的注液孔411上，也就是说，遮挡组件50与端盖41的粘接强度被设置为：来自于注液孔411注入的电解液能够将遮挡组件50部分冲击脱 离端盖41。遮挡组件50与端盖41的粘接强度小于注液孔411注入电解液的压强。粘接强度是指单位粘接面上承受的粘接力。压强是指单位面积上承受的力。遮挡组件50与端盖41的粘接强度小于注液孔411注入电解液的压强，在注入电解液时，电解液的冲击力可以使遮挡组件50与端盖41连接的部分区域分离，防止遮挡组件50将注液孔411堵死，这样电解液可以从这些分离的区域流过，以便注入电解液。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51，则遮挡件51与端盖41粘接相连，以保证遮挡件51盖于端盖41上的注液孔411上，遮挡件51与端盖41的粘接强度被设置为：来自于注液孔411注入的电解液能够将遮挡件51部分冲击脱离端盖41。遮挡件51与端盖41的粘接强度小于注液孔411注入电解液的压强。在注入电解液时，电解液的冲击力可以使遮挡件51与端盖41连接的部分区域分离，防止遮挡件51将注液孔411堵死，这样电解液可以从这些分离的区域流过，以便注入电解液。
遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51时，遮挡件51是沿电极组件30的厚度方向(即端盖41的宽度方向)贴于端盖41上，则遮挡件51的宽度方向与端盖41的长度方向一致。遮挡件51的长度方向与遮挡组件50的长度方向一致，遮挡件51的宽度方向与遮挡组件50的宽度方向一致。遮挡组件50的第一侧也为遮挡件51的第一侧，遮挡组件50的第二侧也为遮挡件51的第二侧，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511也为遮挡件51的第一侧边，遮挡组件50的第二侧边512也为遮挡件51的第二侧边。
在一些实施例中，遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51和缓冲件52，可以将缓冲件52安装在电极组件30上，并且缓冲件52支撑住遮挡件51，以通过缓冲件52来将遮挡件51支撑在电极组件30上，这样可以更稳定地支撑遮挡件51，在加注电解液时，可以提升遮挡件51抗电解液冲击的能力，以更好地防止遮挡件51脱落。
在一些实施例中，缓冲件52可以为弹性件，以弹性支撑遮挡件51，从而在加注电解液时，电解液冲开遮挡件51流入壳体70时，遮挡件51可以对电解液进行弹性缓冲，而在加注停止时，遮挡件51可以再次堵于注液孔411上，防止杂质进入壳体70。
可以理解地，缓冲件52也可以是硬质件，以稳定支撑住遮挡件51，提升遮挡件51承受电解液冲击的能力。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，遮挡件51为片状结构，可以减小占用的空间，提升电池单体的容量密度，而且也方便将遮挡件51粘接在端盖41上，而且在电解液冲击遮挡件51时，可以将遮挡件51部分冲开，以便加注电解液，而且可以防止遮挡件51从端盖41上脱落。可以理解地，遮挡件51也可以使用板状等其他形状的结构。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，遮挡件51可以为具有弹性的结构。也就是说，遮挡件51具有弹性特性，而使遮挡件51具有弹性，在组装后，遮挡件51可以弹性抵持端盖41，特别是可以弹性盖于注液孔411上，在加注电解液时，遮挡件51可以弹性缓冲电解液，以更好的吸收电解液的冲击能量，以缓冲与分散电解液，避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件30，进而避免因电解液冲刷导致隔膜翻折。由于遮挡件51会弹性变形，这样也便于电解液的注入，提升电解液的注入效率。而且这种结构还可以保护遮挡件51，不会导致遮挡件51从端盖41上脱落。可以理解地，遮挡件51也可以使用柔性膜片，柔性膜片粘贴于端盖41上，当加注电解液时，遮挡件51与端盖41粘接的区域中仅会部分区域被电解液冲开，这样也不会导致遮挡件51脱落，而且遮挡件51也可以对加注电解液进行缓冲与分散，以避免电 解液直接冲刷电极组件30。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，遮挡件51可以具有弹性并粘接在端盖41上，在组装时，可以方便遮挡件51的安装，而在加注电解液时，电解液冲开遮挡件51流入壳体70时，遮挡件51可以对电解液进行弹性缓冲，而在加注停止时，遮挡件51可以再次堵于注液孔411上，防止杂质进入壳体70。
在一些实施例中，缓冲件52可以为片状结构，以减小缓冲件52占用空间。可以理解地，缓冲件52也可以使用柱状件等。
在一些实施例中，缓冲件52为弹性件时，可以为具有弹性的片状结构，这样可以将缓冲件52弯曲设置，将缓冲件52的两端分别与遮挡件51和电极组件30相连，以支撑遮挡件51。可以理解地，缓冲件52也可以使用弹性胶柱。
在一个实施例中，遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51和缓冲件52，遮挡件51沿端盖41长度方向的两端分别设有缓冲件52，缓冲件52与遮挡件51是一体成型，以便加工制作，且方便安装。
在一个实施例中，遮挡件51和缓冲件52均为片状结构时，可以将缓冲件52与遮挡件51一体成型，并且使遮挡件51长度方向的两端分别设置缓冲件52，也就是说，遮挡组件50整体为片状结构。可以理解地，遮挡件51与缓冲件52也可以单独设置，再将缓冲件52与遮挡件51粘接相连。
遮挡组件50整体为片状结构，也就是说，缓冲件52与遮挡件51一体成型的整体为片状结构，占用空间小，便于加工制作，且便于安装使用，成本低。如遮挡组件50可以是指具有绝缘特性的膜片，如遮挡组件50可以是PET(polyethylene glycol terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)等树脂片，也可以是其他塑料片等制作，从而遮挡组件50长度方向的中部形成遮挡件51，而两端形成缓冲件52。如可以使用较长的绝缘带经切断，得到遮挡组件50。遮挡组件50具有长度方向与宽度方向，遮挡组件50长度方向的两端为遮挡组件50的两端，遮挡组件50长度方向的两侧为遮挡组件50的两侧，遮挡组件50的一侧的边缘为遮挡组件50的侧边。遮挡组件50的长度方向与端盖41的宽度方向一致。
在一些实施例中，电极组件30为多个，并且分成两组时，遮挡件51的相对两端部的缓冲件52弯曲与邻近注液孔411的两个电极组件30相连，这样可以使遮挡件51起到保护电极组件30的作用，特别是在加注电解液时，遮挡件51可以将电解液分散到电极组件30的边缘，以更为分散电解液，避免加注电解液时冲刷电极组件30。另外，当缓冲件52具有弹性时，缓冲件52需要向电极组件30弯曲呈弧形，以与电极组件30相连，这样电极组件30还可以对遮挡件51起到支撑作用，使遮挡件51可以弹性抵持端盖41，以更好的遮盖注液孔411，并对加注的电解液进行弹性缓冲，提升吸收电解液冲击的能力。遮挡件51的相对两端为遮挡件51长度方向的相对两端，也是指遮挡件51沿端盖41宽度方向的相对两端。
可以理解地，电极组件30设置为一个时，遮挡件51的相对两端部的缓冲件52弯曲与电极组件30相连。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，遮挡组件50整体为片状结构时，遮挡组件50整体可以为具有弹性的片状结构。也就是说，遮挡组件50具有弹性特性，而使遮挡组件50具有弹性，在组装后，遮挡件51可以弹性抵持端盖41，特别是可以弹性盖于注液孔411上，在加注电解液时，遮挡件51可以弹性缓冲电解液，以更好的吸收电解液的冲击能量，以缓 冲与分散电解液，避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件30，进而避免因电解液冲刷导致隔膜翻折。由于遮挡组件50会弹性变形，这样也便于电解液的注入，提升电解液的注入效率。而且这种结构还可以保护遮挡件51，不会导致遮挡件51从端盖41上脱落。可以理解地，遮挡组件50也可以使用柔性膜片，柔性膜片粘贴于端盖41上，当加注电解液时，遮挡组件50与端盖41粘接的区域中仅会部分区域被电解液冲开，这样也不会导致遮挡组件50脱落，而且遮挡组件50也可以对加注电解液进行缓冲与分散，以避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件30。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4、图5和图6，遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51和缓冲件52，遮挡组件50整体呈片状结构时，遮挡组件50的长度为L，即遮挡件51及其两端缓冲件52长度之和，且满足：2mm≤L1+1.5*H-L≤6mm，其中，L1为两组电极组件30展开时的间距(即两组电极组件30相对展开，电极组件30与端盖41的侧边平行时，两组电极组件30处于同一高度，两组电极组件30之间的距离)，H为电极组件30的厚度。这种遮挡组件50的长度规格，可以保证遮挡组件50的两端可以与邻近注液孔411的两个电极组件30相连，而且可以使遮挡组件50的两端不会超过相应电极组件30的侧面，这样在两组电极组件30合芯后，可以避免遮挡组件50的两端相互抵持而产生干涉。对于同种型号的电池单体来说，L1的值与H的值相对固定。可以理解地，不同型号的电池单体，L1的值设置可以不同，也可以相同，在此不作限定。同理，不同型号的电极组件30，H的值设置可以不同，也可以相同，在此不作限定。当遮挡组件50的长度L过大时，在装配后，遮挡组件50的两端可能会相互抵持而产生干涉，不便于注液及减缓电解液的冲击。而当遮挡组件50的长度L过小时，在装配后，遮挡组件50的两端难以保证与电极组件30连接，不便于减缓电解液的冲击。
在一个实施例中，L1的范围为30mm-100mm，如L1可以为30mm、35mm、40mm、45mm、50mm、55mm、70mm、65mm、70mm、75mm、80mm、85mm、90mm、95mm、100mm等，以保证两组电极组件30展开时，间隔不会过小，以便装配，如L1小于30mm，两组电极组件30展开时间隔过小，装配不方便。而当两组电极组件30展开时，间隔过大，以便装配，如L1大于100mm，遮挡组件50长度过长，而且也不利于极耳31的连接。
在一个实施例中，电极组件30的厚度H的范围为10mm-30mm，如H可以为10mm、12mm、15mm、18mm、20mm、22mm、25mm、28mm、30mm等，以使单个电极组件30厚度适当。电极组件30厚度过小，如H小于10mm，电极组件30太薄，结构强度小，不便于加工制作。而电极组件30厚度过大，如H大于30mm，电极组件太厚，加工制作时，会较为松散，也不利于散热。
在一个实例中，遮挡组件50的长度可以为100mm，两组电极组件30展开时的间距L1为80mm，电极组件30的厚度为17mm。在另一个实例中，遮挡组件50的长度可以为76mm，两组电极组件30展开时的间距L1为52mm，电极组件30的厚度为20mm。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，由于遮挡组件50覆盖于注液孔411上，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与第二侧边512分别位于注液孔411的相对两侧，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511至注液孔411间的距离小于或等于遮挡组件50的第二侧边512至注液孔411间的距离。遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与注液孔411之间的距离为d，且0<d<20mm。将遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与注液孔411之间距离为d，也就是说，遮挡组件50盖于注液孔411 上，并且遮挡组件50的第一侧边511超过注液孔411的边缘，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511超过注液孔411的边缘的最小距离即为过盈距离，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511超过注液孔411的边缘的距离d的范围取为0<d<20mm，如距离d可以为1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm、9mm、10mm、11mm、12mm、13mm、14mm、15mm、16mm、17mm、18mm、19mm等。从而在注入电解液时，电解液冲开遮挡组件50的第一侧边511，需要一定的力度，保证遮挡组件50对电解液的缓冲能力，以更好的分散电解液，避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件30。当距离d过小，如距离d小于或等于0时，难以保证遮挡组件50完全盖于注液孔411上，电解液加注时，会从遮挡组件50的第一侧边511冲出，而冲刷电极组件30。当距离d过大，如大于20mm时，电解液冲开遮挡组件50，从遮挡组件50的第一侧边511流出需要的力度过大，导致电解液加注效率降低。将遮挡组件50的第一侧边511至注液孔411间的距离小于或等于遮挡组件50的第二侧边512至注液孔411间的距离，使得电解液冲开遮挡组件50的第二侧边512，需要的力度更大，这样可以更好的保护邻近第二侧边512的极耳31。
在上述实施例中，当遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51时，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511为遮挡件51的第一侧边，遮挡组件50的第二侧边512为遮挡件51的第二侧边。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4和图6，遮挡组件50的第二侧边贴于邻近的极耳31上，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与另一极耳间隔设置。也就是说，遮挡组件50的第二侧边512贴于邻近该第二侧边512的极耳31上，即遮挡组件50的第二侧边512贴于第二极耳312上。将遮挡组件50的第二侧边512贴于第二极耳312上，可以使得注入电解液冲开遮挡组件50，从遮挡组件50的第二侧边512到达第二极耳312的阻力更大，这样可以降低电解液对第二极耳312的冲击力度，进而到达第二极耳312的电解液顺第二极耳312流向电极组件30时，电解液的冲击力很小，从而可以更好地避免电解液冲刷翻折隔膜。
在一些实施例中，遮挡组件50覆盖邻近该遮挡组件50的第二侧边512的极耳31。也就是说，遮挡组件50覆盖第二极耳312上，这样不仅可以对第二极耳312起到保护作用，还可以避免第二极耳312与第二电极端子422的连接处对电极组件30的影响，如第二极耳312与第二电极端子422的焊接处往往会存在毛刺焊渣，而遮挡组件50覆盖第二极耳312，这样可以使遮挡组件50盖于这些毛刺焊渣上，避免这些毛刺焊渣损伤电极组件30，提升安全性。
在上述实施例中，遮挡组件50的宽度为D，且满足：D＝D1+D2+d+D3，其中，D1为遮挡组件50所覆盖的极耳31的宽度，也就是说，D1为第二极耳312的宽度，D2为注液孔411的直径，D3为邻近遮挡组件50的极耳31到注液孔411之间的距离，如图4中D3为第二极耳312到注液孔411边缘间的最小距离，一般来说，不同型号的电池单体200，第二极耳312到注液孔411的距离可能不同，同种型号的电池单体200，第二极耳312到注液孔411的距离相对固定，常规电池单体200上第二极耳312到注液孔411的距离范围为3-5mm，d为上述遮挡组件50第一侧边511与注液孔411间的距离。使用该宽度的遮挡组件50，可以保证遮挡组件50良好盖于注液孔411上，保证遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与注液孔411间的距离，以更好地缓冲注入电解液，而且可以电解液从遮挡组件50的第二侧边512流出的阻力较大，这样可以仅使少量的电解液流至第二极耳312处，以对第二极耳312及电极组件30起到保护作用。
电极组件30在制作成型后，且压实之前，极片与隔膜处于较为自由的状态，电极组件30呈现蓬松状态，特别卷绕成型的电极组件30的最内圈极片与隔膜间会发生张口。此状态下电极组件30若发生不当转移，易导致极片发生滑移，隔膜发生翻折。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4、图5和图6，电池单体200还包括绝缘胶带61，各组电极组件30的第二端302粘贴有至少一道绝缘胶带61，绝缘胶带61的两端贴于相应组电极组件30的相对两侧面。也就是说，绝缘胶带61的两端贴于相应一组电极组件30的相对两侧面。当一组电极组件中包括一个电极组件30时，绝缘胶带61贴于该电极组件30的相对两侧面。当一组电极组件中包括多个电极组件30时，这些电极组件30堆叠设置，绝缘胶带61与该组电极组件中多个电极组件30的第二端302的端面均粘贴相连，而绝缘胶带61的两端贴于堆叠的一组电极组件中处于最外侧的两个侧面上。
绝缘胶带61是指具有绝缘特性的胶带，如绝缘胶带61可以是树脂胶带，也可以是其他塑料胶带等。绝缘胶带61具有长度方向与宽度方向，绝缘胶带61长度方向的两端为绝缘胶带61的两端，绝缘胶带61长度方向的两侧为绝缘胶带61的两侧，绝缘胶带61的一侧的边缘为绝缘胶带61长度方向的侧边。
各组电极组件30的第二端302粘贴至少一道绝缘胶带61，可以将各组中电极组件30的第二端302使用绝缘胶带61束缚，不仅可以将各组中电极组件30的隔膜束缚在相应极片之间，以更好地避免隔膜翻折，而可以方便两组电极组件30折叠合芯，便于组装。
在一些实施例中，各组电极组件30的第二端302粘贴一道绝缘胶带61，安装方便。可以理解地，各组电极组件30的第二端302可以粘贴两道、三道等数量的绝缘胶带61。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4、图5和图6，绝缘胶带61贴于对应电极组件30的侧面的长度大于3mm。如绝缘胶带61贴于对应电极组件30的侧面的长度为M1，一组电极组件30的整体厚度为M2，绝缘胶带61的长度为M，则M＝M2+2*M1，M1>3mm，这样可以保证绝缘胶带61的端部与电极组件30粘接的强度，以更好的将电极组件30的第二端302束缚住。如，当一个电极组件30的厚度为H，而一组电极组件仅包括一个电极组件30，则M2＝H。当一个电极组件30的厚度为H，而一组电极组件仅包括P个电极组件30，则M2＝P*H。
在一些实施例中，当各组电极组件中仅包括一个电极组件30时，该电极组件30上对应绝缘胶带61贴于该电极组件30的第二端302，并且绝缘胶带61的两端贴于该电极组件30的相对两侧面，则上述一组电极组件30的厚度M2为该电极组件30的厚度。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4、图5和图6，各绝缘胶带61的宽度N小于50mm。这样在安装绝缘胶带61时，可以方便粘贴绝缘胶带61，并且可以方便控制贴合于电极组件30上绝缘胶带61覆盖的宽度。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4，电池单体200还包括两个转接片43，两个转接片43分别与两个电极端子42对应，各转接片43与对应电极端子42相连，并且各转接片43与对应极耳31相连，也就是说，各极耳31通过转接片43与对应电极端子42相连，以方便极耳31与电极端子42的连接，连接更为稳固。为了更于描述，与第一电极端子421相连的转接片43称为第一转接片431，而第一极耳311与第一转接片431相连；与第二电极端子422相连的转接片43称为第二转接片432，而第二极耳312与第二转接片432相连。
请参阅图7，图7为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯后的侧视结构示意图。在这些实施例中，端盖41上朝向遮挡组件50的一面上设有导流槽412，导流槽412的一端与 注液孔411连通，遮挡组件50至少覆盖导流槽412的部分区域。导流槽412为设于端盖41的设置遮挡组件50的一面上的凹槽。导流槽412的一端与注液孔411连通，遮挡组件50覆盖导流槽412的部分区域会形成通道，在注入电解液时，遮挡组件50在缓冲电解液后，电解液可以转向流入导流槽412中，通过导流槽412来引导与分散电解液到设定位置，便于电解液的加注，提升电解液的加注效率，另外，由于遮挡组件50承受注液孔411处加注电解液的冲击，吸收注液孔411处电解液的冲击能量，对电解液进行了缓冲，使得电解液从导流槽412流出的冲击力非常小，从而可以避免电解液冲刷电极组件30导致隔膜翻折。
在上述实施例中，当遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51时，导流槽412设于遮挡件51上。
请参阅图8，图8为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，导流槽412包括第一导流槽4121，第一导流槽4121的一端与注液孔411连通，第一导流槽4121的另一端伸出遮挡组件51远离邻近极耳31的一侧。也就是说，第一导流槽4121的另一端伸出遮挡组件51远离邻近第二极耳312的一侧，即第一导流槽4121的另一端从遮挡组件51的第二侧边512伸出。通过第一导流槽4121的设置，在注入电解液时，可以引导更多的电解液从遮挡组件51的第二侧边512所在一侧流出，以便加注电解液，避免电解液加注时，电解液的冲击力冲开遮挡组件51与端盖41间于注液孔411与第二极耳312间的区域时，此时的冲击力相对较大，会对第二极耳312产生较大的冲击，而设置第一导流槽4121，可以使电解液冲开注液孔411与第二极耳312间的区域的遮挡组件51的力度较小，以减小对第二极耳312的冲击，减小对第二极耳312的影响。
在上述实施例中，当遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51时，第一导流槽4121设于遮挡件51上。
在一些实施例中，第一导流槽4121可以设为一个。当然，第一导流槽4121的数量也可以为多个，在此不作限定。
请参阅图9，图9为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，导流槽412包括第二导流槽4122，第二导流槽4122的一端与注液孔411连通，第二导流槽4122的另一端邻近端盖41的侧边。设置第二导流槽4122，在注入电解液时，可以引导电解液流向邻近端盖41的侧边，再冲开第二导流槽4122的另一端与端盖41对应侧边之间的遮挡组件50，进一步吸收电解液的冲击能量，减小电解液的冲击力，以分散电解液，便于电解液的加注，也便于电极组件30更均匀吸收电解液。
在上述实施例中，当遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51时，第二导流槽4122设于遮挡件51上。
在一些实施例中，第二导流槽4122的一端与注液孔411连通，第二导流槽4122的另一端延伸至端盖41的侧边。这样在注入电解液时，可以引导电解液流向端盖41的侧边，以分散电解液，便于电解液的加注，也便于电极组件30更均匀吸收电解液。
在一些实施例中，请再次参阅图7，导流槽412包括第三导流槽4123，第三导流槽4123的一端与注液孔411连通，第三导流槽4123的另一端延伸至邻近遮挡组件50的极耳31处，也就是说，遮挡组件50的第一侧边511与第一极耳311间隔设置，遮挡组件50的第二侧边511贴于第二极耳312上时，第三导流槽4123的另一端延伸至第二极耳312处。设置第三导流槽4123，在注入电解液时，可以引导电解液流向第二极耳312处，以分散电解液，便于电解液的加注，也便于电极组件30更均匀吸收电解液。
在上述实施例中，当遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51时，第三导流槽4123设于遮挡件51上。遮挡组件50的第一侧边511为遮挡件51的第一侧边，遮挡组件50的第二侧边512为遮挡件51的第二侧边。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图9，端盖41上可以同时设置第一导流槽4121、第二导流槽4122和第三导流槽4123，以更好的分散电解液，并提升电解液的加注效率。可以理解地，端盖41上可以仅设置第一导流槽4121、第二导流槽4122和第三导流槽4123中的一种或两种。
请参阅图10，图10为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，遮挡组件50的第二侧边512与第二极耳312间隔设置。这种结构可以使用宽度更小的遮挡组件50，并且在加注电解液时，遮挡组件50在注液孔411处吸收电解液的冲击力后，电解液会更多地从遮挡组件50的相对两侧边流出。
请参阅图11，图11为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，各极耳31与对应转接片43连接区域覆盖有绝缘片45。在极耳31与转接片43的连接区域覆盖绝缘片45，可以保护极耳31与转接片43的连接处，并且可以避免极耳31与转接片43的连接处影响电极组件30，提升制作电池1001的安全性。例如，极耳31与转接片43的焊接区域会存在毛刺焊渣，设置绝缘片45覆盖该区域，可以避免极耳31与转接片43的焊接区域的毛刺焊渣损伤电极组件30，提升安全性。
绝缘片45是指具有绝缘特性的胶片，如绝缘片45可以是树脂胶片，也可以是其他塑料胶片等。
在一些实施例中，当遮挡组件50覆盖第二极耳312时，遮挡组件50贴于与第二极耳312对应的绝缘片45上，这样可以通过绝缘片45更好地保护第二极耳312。
请参阅图12，图12为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，端盖组件40还包括隔离件44，端盖41安装在隔离件44上，通过隔离件44来支撑端盖41，而且隔离件44可以用于隔离壳体70内的电连接部件与端盖41，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，隔离件44可以是塑料、橡胶等。
隔离件44的宽度方向与端盖41的宽度方向一致，隔离件44的长度方向与端盖41的长度方向一致。隔离件44长度方向的两端为隔离件44的两端。
在一些实施例中，一般来说，隔离件44会支撑住端盖41的边缘，并且隔离件41往往会凸出端盖41朝向电极组件30的一面。遮挡组件50的与隔离件44间隔设置，这样在电极组件30装配时，隔离件44不会顶动遮挡组件50，以使遮挡组件50可以良好贴于端盖41上。
在一些实施例中，遮挡组件50的侧边与隔离件44靠近该遮挡组件50的一端之间的距离K大于3mm。从而在电极组件30安装时，可以保证隔离件44不会顶动遮挡组件50，遮挡组件50良好贴于端盖41上。
请参阅图13，图13为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯前的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，各组电极组件30的第二端302可以粘贴两道绝缘胶带61，设置两道绝缘胶带61，可以更稳定地束缚电极组件30的第二端302，将隔膜束缚在极片之间，以更好地避免隔膜翻折。可以理解地，各组电极组件30的第二端302可以粘贴三道、四道等数量的绝缘胶带61。
在一些实施例中，各电极组件30上绝缘胶带61的宽度之和小于电极组件30的宽度。将绝缘胶带61的宽度之和设置小于电极组件30的宽度，这样可以使得绝缘胶带61不会完全覆盖电极组件30的第二端302，使电极组件30的第二端302于绝缘胶带61之外的区域可以供电解液进入电极组件30，以便电极组件30吸收电解液。
请参阅图14，图14为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200中电极组件30的结构示意图，图中示出的绝缘胶带61覆盖电极组件30的第二端302的端面的区域。在这些实施例中，绝缘胶带61上对应于电极组件30第二端302的端面的区域开设有多个开孔611。通过开孔611的设置，可以便于加注的电解液进入电极组件30，可以便于电极组件30吸收电解液。
在一些实施例中，绝缘胶带61覆盖电极组件30的第二端302的端面的部分区域，这样不仅可以使电极组件30的第二端302于绝缘胶带61之外的区域可以供电解液进入电极组件30，而且开孔611的设置也可以供电解液进入电极组件30，可以便于电极组件30吸收电解液。
请参阅图15，图15为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200中电极组件30的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，绝缘胶带61覆盖电极组件30的第二端302，绝缘胶带61上对应于电极组件30第二端302的端面的区域开设有多个开孔611，这样可以更好的将更稳定地束缚电极组件30的第二端302，将隔膜束缚在极片之间，以更好地避免隔膜翻折。
在一些实施例中，绝缘胶带61上对应于电极组件30第二端302的端面的位置上，仅部分区域设有开孔611，以保证绝缘胶带61的良好地结构强度，以更稳定束缚电极组件30的第二端302。
请参阅图16，图16为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200中电极组件30的结构示意图。在这些实施例中，绝缘胶带61上对应于电极组件30第二端302的端面的整个区域均分布有开孔611，以提升电解液进入电极组件30的能力，便于电极组件30吸收电解液。
请参阅图17，图17为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200合芯后的侧视结构示意图。在这些实施例中，电池单体200可以包括多个电极组件30。这些电极组件30分成两组，各组电极组件中包括多个电极组件30时，这些电极组件30堆叠设置，绝缘胶带61与该组电极组件中多个电极组件30的第二端302的端面均粘贴相连，而绝缘胶带61的两端贴于堆叠的对应组电极组件中处于最外侧的两个侧面上。这处结构可以将各组电极组件的第二端302束缚，并且便于各组电极组件的集成，也便于两组电极组件的折叠合芯。
在上述实施例中，各组电极组件中包括两个电极组件30，可以理解地，各组电极组件中可以包括三个、四个等数量的电极组件30，在此不作限定。
可以理解地，在一些实施例中，当各组电极组件中包括多个电极组件30时，也可以在各电极组件30上单独粘贴绝缘胶带61，以分别将各电极组件30的第二端302通过绝缘胶带61束缚，以防在移动电极组件30时，导致电极组件30的第二端302中隔膜翻折。
请参阅图18，图18为本申请一些实施例的电池单体200的侧视结构示意图。在这些实施例中，电池单体200仅包括一个电极组件30。或者说，当电极组件30为多个时，多个电极组件可以堆叠形成一个整体，从而在整体上看作一个电极组件30。当设置一个电极组件30时，遮挡组件50盖于端盖41的注液孔411上，并且遮挡组件50的两端与该电极组件30的第一端301的端面的两侧相连，这样在加注电解液时，遮挡组件50也可以对加注的电解液进行缓冲与分散，避免电解液直接冲刷电极组件30，进而避免因电解液冲 击而导致隔膜翻折。
在上述实施例中，遮挡组件50包括遮挡件51和缓冲件52，遮挡组件50整体为片状结构时，遮挡件51盖于端盖41的注液孔411上，遮挡件51两端与的两个缓冲件52弯曲与该电极组件30的第一端301的端面的两侧相连。
在一些实施例中，当电池单体200仅包括一个电极组件30时，也可以在该电极组件30的第二端302粘贴有至少一道绝缘胶带61，并使绝缘胶带61的两端贴于该电极组件30的相对两侧面，以通过绝缘胶带61将该电极组件30的第二端302束缚，避免电极组件30的第二端302中的隔膜翻折。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池，包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案所述的电池。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池的设备或系统。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括：
    电极组件；
    端盖组件，包括端盖，所述端盖上开设有注液孔；以及，
    遮挡组件，设置于所述端盖朝向所述电极组件的一侧并遮盖所述注液孔。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡组件与所述端盖粘接相连，以使所述注液孔注入的电解液能够将所述遮挡组件部分冲击脱离所述端盖。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡组件包括遮盖所述注液孔的遮挡件和支撑所述遮挡件的缓冲件，所述缓冲件与所述电极组件相连。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述缓冲件具有弹性。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡件为片状结构。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡件具有弹性。
  7. 如权利要求3-6任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡件沿所述端盖宽度方向的相对两端分别设有所述缓冲件，所述缓冲件为与所述遮挡件是一体成型的片状结构。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述缓冲件弯曲与所述电极组件相连。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述电池单体包括多个所述电极组件，多个所述电极组件分成两组，所述缓冲件弯曲与邻近所述注液孔的两个所述电极组件相连。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡组件的长度为L，且满足：2mm≤L1+1.5*H-L≤6mm，其中，L1为两组所述电极组件展开处于同一高度且与所述端盖的侧边平行时的间距，H为所述电极组件的厚度。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡组件沿所述端盖的长度方向具有相对的第一侧边与第二侧边，所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边分别位于所述注液孔的相对两侧，所述第一侧边至所述注液孔的距离小于或等于所述第二侧边至所述注液孔的距离，所述第一侧边至所述注液孔之间距离为d，且0<d<20mm。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述电极组件上设有极性相反的极耳，所述遮挡组件的第二侧边贴于邻近的所述极耳上，所述遮挡组件的第一侧边与另一所述极耳间隔设置。
  13. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述端盖上朝向所述遮挡组件的一面上设有导流槽，所述导流槽的一端与所述注液孔连通，所述遮挡组件覆盖所述导流槽的至少部分区域。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述导流槽包括第一导流槽，所述第一导流槽的一端与所述注液孔连通，所述第一导流槽的另一端伸出所述遮挡组件沿所述端盖的长度方向的一侧。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述导流槽包括第二导流槽，所述第二导流槽的一端与所述注液孔连通，所述第二导流槽的另一端邻近所述端盖宽度方向的侧边，或者，所述第二导流槽的另一端延伸至所述端盖宽度方向的侧边。
  16. 如权利要求1-11、13-15任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述电极组件上设有极性相反的极耳，所述端盖组件还包括分别与相反极性的所述极耳相连的电极端子，所述 电极端子安装于所述端盖上，所述电池单体还包括分别与各所述电极端子相连的转接片，各所述转接片与对应所述极耳相连，各所述极耳与对应所述转接片连接区域覆盖有绝缘片。
  17. 如权利要求1-16任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述端盖组件还包括支撑所述端盖的隔离件，所述遮挡组件与所述隔离件间隔设置。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的电池单体，其特征在于：所述遮挡组件的侧边与所述隔离件靠近所述遮挡组件的一端之间的距离大于3mm。
  19. 一种电池，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-18任一项所述的电池单体。
  20. 一种用电装置，其特征在于：包括如权利要求19所述的电池。
PCT/CN2022/128047 2022-10-27 2022-10-27 电池单体、电池及用电装置 WO2024087114A1 (zh)

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JP2015032503A (ja) * 2013-08-05 2015-02-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 角型リチウムイオン二次電池における電解液の注入方法
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