WO2024077958A1 - 显示结构和显示装置 - Google Patents

显示结构和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024077958A1
WO2024077958A1 PCT/CN2023/095257 CN2023095257W WO2024077958A1 WO 2024077958 A1 WO2024077958 A1 WO 2024077958A1 CN 2023095257 W CN2023095257 W CN 2023095257W WO 2024077958 A1 WO2024077958 A1 WO 2024077958A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode plate
electrode
layer
viewing angle
pixel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/095257
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒲洋
康报虹
Original Assignee
惠科股份有限公司
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Application filed by 惠科股份有限公司 filed Critical 惠科股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024077958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024077958A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
    • H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
    • H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/123—Connection of the pixel electrodes to the thin film transistors [TFT]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display structure and a display device.
  • the present application provides a display structure and a display device, which can effectively switch the size of the viewing angle and improve the convenience of user use.
  • the present application provides a display structure.
  • the display structure has a pixel area arranged in an array, the pixel area is provided with a light-emitting portion, the light-emitting portion is used to emit light, at least one side of the pixel area is provided with a viewing angle adjustment area, and the viewing angle adjustment area is provided with a viewing angle adjustment portion.
  • the viewing angle adjustment portion includes a shading portion and an adjustment electrode.
  • the shading portion has a narrow viewing angle position and a wide viewing angle position.
  • the adjustment electrode is arranged corresponding to the shading portion, and the adjustment electrode is used to form an electric field, and the shading portion moves between the narrow viewing angle position and the wide viewing angle position under the drive of the electric field.
  • the present application further provides a display device.
  • the display device includes a display panel, and the display panel has a display area and a non-display area.
  • the non-display area is arranged around the display area, and the display device also includes the display structure as described above, and the display structure is arranged in the display area.
  • the electrode is adjusted to form an electric field, and the electric field acts on the shading portion, and the shading portion moves under the action of the electric field.
  • the movement of the shading portion can block part of the light emitted by the light-emitting portion.
  • the field of view observed by the user becomes narrower, and the position of the shading portion at this time is a narrow viewing angle position.
  • the movement of the shading portion can also avoid the light emitted by the light-emitting portion, or avoid part of the light.
  • the field of view observed by the user becomes wider, and the position of the shading portion at this time is a wide viewing angle position.
  • the technical solution drives the shading portion to move by adjusting the electrode, and can move the shading portion between a narrow viewing angle position and a wide viewing angle position.
  • the device can move between two positions and then switch the field of view angle according to user needs, thereby improving user convenience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light shielding portion of a display structure in a narrow viewing angle position in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light shielding portion of a display structure in a wide viewing angle position in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the structure shown in FIG. 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the pixel electrode in FIG. 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another arrangement position of the adjustment electrode of the display structure in the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • the indications of directions (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) used to explain the structure and movement of various elements of the present application are not absolute but relative. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, the indications of these directions also change accordingly.
  • the present application provides a display structure.
  • the display structure of the present application can be applied to LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) displays, LED (Light Emitting Diode) displays, or OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) displays.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • LED Light Emitting Diode
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the display structure has an array of pixel areas 101, at least one side of the pixel area 101 is provided with a viewing angle adjustment area 160, the pixel area 101 is provided with a light emitting part, the light emitting part is used to emit light, and the viewing angle adjustment area 160 is provided with a viewing angle adjustment part; the light emitting part is used to emit light to complete the normal display of the picture.
  • the light emitting part can be an LCD, an LED, or an OLED.
  • One light-emitting portion corresponds to one pixel area 101.
  • the number of pixel areas 101 usually also represents the resolution of the display structure.
  • the pixel areas 101 are arranged in a matrix of rows and columns.
  • the light emitted by the light-emitting portion forms a field of view angle of ⁇ .
  • the field of view angle ⁇ can be understood as a horizontal field of view angle or a vertical field of view angle.
  • the size of the field of view angle determines the user's field of view. The larger the field of view angle, the larger the field of view, and the smaller the field of view angle, the smaller the field of view.
  • the viewing angle adjustment portion includes a shading portion and an adjustment electrode.
  • the shading portion 130 is light-proof or reflects light, and the light from the light-emitting portion cannot pass through the shading portion 130 .
  • the shading portion has a narrow viewing angle position and a wide viewing angle position.
  • the position where the shading portion blocks the light of the light emitting portion is the narrow viewing angle position, and the position where the shading portion avoids the light of the light emitting portion is the wide viewing angle position.
  • the avoidance at this time can also be understood as complete avoidance, or the light avoided can be more than the narrow viewing angle position.
  • the adjustment electrode is set corresponding to the shading portion, and the adjustment electrode forms an electric field, and the electric field drives the shading portion to move between the narrow viewing angle position and the wide viewing angle position.
  • the shading portion 130 is charged, and the adjustment electrode 140 is arranged corresponding to the shading portion 130.
  • the electric field of the adjustment electrode 140 drives the shading portion 130 to move, so as to block or avoid the light of the light-emitting portion.
  • the position where the most light is blocked is the narrow viewing angle position, and the position where the least light is blocked or the position where no light is blocked is the wide viewing angle position.
  • the shading portion 130 moves between the narrow viewing angle position and the wide viewing angle position under the action of the electric field, so as to adjust the viewing angle ⁇ .
  • the adjustment electrode 140 forms an electric field, and the electric field acts on the light shielding portion 130, and the light shielding portion 130 moves under the action of the electric field.
  • Block part of the light emitted by the light-emitting part, and the viewing angle of the user becomes narrower, and the position of the shading part 130 is now a narrow viewing angle position.
  • the movement of the shading part 130 can also avoid the light emitted by the light-emitting part, and the viewing angle of the user becomes wider, and the position of the shading part 130 is now a wide viewing angle position. It can be seen that the technical solution can move and switch between the narrow viewing angle position and the wide viewing angle position by adjusting the electrode 140 to drive the shading part 130 to move, and then switch the viewing angle according to the user's needs, thereby improving the convenience of user use.
  • this embodiment makes full use of the position between each adjacent pixel area 101 and the pixel area 101. It is not necessary to set a privacy film in the thickness direction, and the thickness is thin, which is conducive to the flat design of the display structure and can make the terminal device thinner.
  • the viewing angle adjustment area 160 is arranged around the pixel area 101.
  • the light shielding portion 130 is also arranged around the pixel area 101. In this way, when adjusting the viewing angle, light can be shielded or avoided around the pixel area 101, thereby increasing the angle range of adjusting the viewing angle.
  • the display structure includes a pixel design layer 150 (PDL layer for short).
  • the pixel design layer 150 is arranged around the pixel area 101, and a groove is provided in the pixel design layer 150.
  • the groove forms a viewing angle adjustment area 160, and the light shielding portion 130 is arranged in the groove. Since the pixel design layer 150 has the function of transmitting light, the light generated by the light emitting portion can pass through the pixel design layer 150. By setting the groove, the position space of the pixel design layer 150 is fully utilized.
  • the pixel definition layer 150 is enclosed to form an enclosed space to protect the light-emitting portion, reduce the entry of external air or water vapor into the enclosed space, and reduce the erosion of the light-emitting portion.
  • the shading portion 130 is a black electrophoretic particle
  • the adjustment electrode 140 includes a first electrode plate 141 and a second electrode plate 142, the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 are arranged opposite to each other, and the black electrophoretic particle is arranged between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142. It can be seen that the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 are arranged on opposite sides of the black electrophoretic particle. An electric field is generated between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142, and the black electrophoretic particle moves between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142.
  • the black electrophoretic particle is opaque, and the black electrophoretic particle is a charged particle, which is injected into the groove by inkjet printing.
  • the display structure includes a first transparent substrate 110, a second transparent substrate 210 and a flat layer 220.
  • the first transparent substrate 110 and the second transparent substrate 210 are arranged opposite to each other, and the flat layer 220 is arranged between the second transparent substrate 210 and the first transparent substrate 110.
  • the first electrode plate 141 is arranged on a side of the first transparent substrate 110 facing the flat layer 220, and the second electrode plate 142 is arranged on a side of the flat layer 220 facing the first transparent substrate 110.
  • a vertical electric field 143 is formed between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142, and the vertical electric field 143 drives the black electrophoretic particles to move along a surface direction perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 110.
  • the direction of the electric field formed between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 is perpendicular to the surface of the first transparent substrate 110.
  • the black electrophoretic particles move toward the first electrode plate 141, so that the light from the light-emitting part is irradiated to the black electrophoretic particles, and the light is blocked by the black electrophoretic particles.
  • the black electrophoretic particles move toward the second electrode plate 142, and the light from the light-emitting part can pass through the pixel definition layer, the first electrode plate 141 and the first transparent substrate 110 in sequence, and the light is not blocked, thereby achieving a wide viewing angle.
  • the first electrode plate 141 is a transparent conductive layer.
  • Electric fields with different electric field strengths can be formed between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 by adjusting the voltages of the two. Under the action of different electric fields, the black electrophoretic particles can move to different positions between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142. Different positions result in different shading angles, so that the viewing angle can be flexibly adjusted.
  • the depth of the groove is usually equal to the height of the pixel definition layer, so that the black electrophoretic particles have a larger movement range, so that the viewing angle can be adjusted within a larger range.
  • the adjustment range can be increased to between 30° and 45° on the basis of the original viewing angle.
  • the first transparent substrate 110 can be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.
  • the second transparent substrate 210 can be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.
  • a stable spatial structure is formed between the first transparent substrate 110 and the second transparent substrate 210 to protect the devices therebetween.
  • the flat layer 220 has good stability and can form a flat surface through the flat layer 220, which is convenient for setting the pixel definition layer.
  • the pixel definition layer is disposed between the flat layer 220 and the first transparent substrate 110, and the second electrode plate 142 is disposed on the side of the flat layer 220 facing the first transparent substrate 110; further, the pixel definition layer is disposed between the first transparent substrate 110 and the flat layer 220 to form a closed enclosure space, and the light-emitting part can be disposed in the closed space, thereby reducing the interference of the external environment on the light-emitting part.
  • the display structure also includes a switching electrode 230, which is arranged between the flat layer 220 and the second transparent substrate 210.
  • the flat layer 220 is provided with a first through hole 221, which is arranged corresponding to the switching electrode 230.
  • the second electrode plate 142 partially extends along the first through hole 221 and is connected to the switching electrode 230.
  • the switching electrode 230 is used to receive the viewing angle adjustment signal. After the switching electrode 230 receives the viewing angle adjustment signal, the switching electrode 230 transmits the signal to the second electrode plate 142.
  • the second electrode plate 142 forms electric fields of different sizes between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 according to the voltage of the viewing angle adjustment signal.
  • the voltage on the second electrode plate 142 is also smaller than the voltage on the first electrode plate 141.
  • the direction of the electric field is from the first electrode plate 141 to the second electrode plate 142.
  • the black electrophoretic particles move from the first electrode plate 141 to the second electrode plate 142 to achieve a wide viewing angle.
  • the voltage on the second electrode plate 142 is also greater than the voltage on the first electrode plate 141.
  • the direction of the electric field is from the second electrode plate 142 to the first electrode plate 141, and the black electrophoretic particles move from the second electrode plate 142 to the first electrode plate 141 to achieve a narrow viewing angle.
  • the voltage on the first electrode plate 141 is fixed, and the direction of the electric field is changed by changing the voltage of the viewing angle adjustment signal, thereby completing the shielding or avoidance of light by the black electrophoretic particles.
  • the light-emitting portion includes a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode 280, a light-emitting layer 120 and a common electrode 170
  • the thin film transistor, the planar layer 220, the pixel electrode 280, the light-emitting layer 120 and the common electrode 170 are sequentially arranged from the second transparent substrate 210 to the first transparent substrate 110, the source 250 and the drain 260 of the thin film transistor are arranged in the same layer as the transfer electrode 230, and the pixel electrode 280 is connected to the source 250 or the drain 260 of the thin film transistor.
  • the thin film transistor includes a source 250, a drain 260, a gate 290 and a semiconductor layer 270.
  • the display structure further includes an insulating layer 240, which is disposed between the planar layer 220 and the second transparent substrate 210; the insulating layer 240 further includes a first insulating layer 243 and a second insulating layer 244, the gate 290 is disposed between the first insulating layer 243 and the second insulating layer 244, and the first insulating layer 243 is disposed between the gate 290 and the planar layer 220.
  • the materials of the first insulating layer 243 and the second insulating layer 244 can be the same or different.
  • the material of the first insulating layer 243 is a mixture of silicon nitride and silicon oxide
  • the second insulating layer 244 is silicon oxide.
  • the source electrode 250 and the drain electrode 260 are both disposed between the insulating layer 240 and the planar layer 220, and the source electrode 250, the drain electrode 260 and the transfer electrode 230 are disposed in the same layer.
  • the source electrode 250 and the drain electrode 260 are disposed between the first insulating layer 243 and the planar layer 220.
  • the source electrode 250, the drain electrode 260 and the transfer electrode 230 are disposed in the same layer, which can simplify the process flow, and the source electrode 250, the drain electrode 260 and the transfer electrode 230 can be disposed through the same printing, masking and etching process.
  • the semiconductor layer 270 is disposed between the second transparent substrate 210 and the insulating layer 240, and the insulating layer 240 is provided with a second through hole 241 and a third through hole 242, and the second through hole 241 and the third through hole 242 are both disposed corresponding to the semiconductor layer 270; the second through hole 241 and the third through hole 242 pass through the first insulating layer 243 and the second insulating layer 244 in sequence.
  • the source electrode 250 partially extends along the second through hole 241 and is connected to the semiconductor layer 270; the drain electrode 260 partially extends along the third through hole 242 and is connected to the semiconductor layer 270.
  • the semiconductor layer 270 provides power to the source electrode 250 and the drain electrode 260, and the source electrode 250 or the drain electrode 260 then transmits the power to the pixel electrode 280.
  • the display structure further includes a transition layer 310, which is disposed between the second insulating layer 244 and the second transparent substrate 210.
  • the transition layer 310 ensures that the semiconductor layer 270 is disposed more firmly, and the transition layer 310 is generally a silicon oxide layer.
  • the common electrode 170 is disposed on the side of the first transparent substrate 110 facing the flat layer 220, and the pixel electrode 280 is disposed on the side of the flat layer 220 facing the first transparent substrate 110.
  • the common electrode 170 and the pixel electrode 280 form an electric field to make the light-emitting layer 120 emit light.
  • the flat layer 220 is provided with a fourth through hole 222, which is disposed corresponding to the source electrode 250 or the drain electrode 260.
  • the pixel electrode 280 partially extends along the fourth through hole 222 and is connected to the source electrode 250 or the drain electrode 260.
  • the pixel electrode 280 can be connected to the source electrode 250 or the drain electrode 260.
  • an electrical signal is transmitted to the source electrode 250 or the drain electrode 260 through the semiconductor layer 270, and then transmitted to the pixel electrode 280 through the source electrode 250 or the drain electrode 260, thereby forming an electric field between the common electrode 170 and the pixel electrode 280 to drive the light-emitting layer 120 to light up.
  • the common electrode 170 and the first electrode plate 141 are arranged in the same layer, and the pixel electrode 280 and the second electrode plate 142 are arranged in the same layer. That is, the common electrode 170 and the first electrode plate 141 can be completed through the same printing, masking, and etching process. Generally, the common electrode 170 and the first electrode plate 141 are interconnected, and the voltages of the common electrode 170 and the first electrode plate 141 are equal. Among them, the common electrode 170 is an ITO (Indium tin oxide) conductive layer.
  • the pixel electrode 280 and the second electrode plate 142 can be set through another printing, masking, and etching process. However, the pixel electrode 280 and the second electrode plate 142 are disconnected, and the voltages provided by the pixel electrode 280 and the second electrode plate 142 are not equal.
  • the pixel electrode 280 faces a closed space
  • the second electrode plate 142 also faces a closed space.
  • the disconnected position of the pixel electrode 280 and the second electrode plate 142 is located between the pixel definition layer 150 and the flat layer 220, so that the disconnected position of the pixel electrode 280 and the second electrode plate 142 avoids the respective closed spaces, and the disconnected position is covered by the pixel definition layer 150, thereby reducing the possibility of generating gaps in the respective corresponding closed spaces.
  • the light emitting layer 120 is an organic light emitting layer
  • the pixel electrode 280 includes a first conductive layer 281, a reflective layer 282, and a second conductive layer 283.
  • the first conductive layer 281, the reflective layer 282, and the second conductive layer 283 are arranged in sequence from the direction away from the light emitting portion.
  • the organic light emitting layer is also called an OLED.
  • the organic light emitting layer emits light at an angle of 360°.
  • the light directed to the pixel electrode 280 is reflected back so that the light is directed to the first transparent substrate 110. Among them, the reflection of the light is mainly completed by the reflective layer 282.
  • the first conductive layer 281 can be an ITO conductive layer
  • the reflective layer 282 can be a silver layer
  • the second conductive layer 283 can also be an ITO conductive layer. In this way, the light of the organic light emitting layer is reflected toward the first transparent substrate 110 through the reflection of the silver layer.
  • the organic light-emitting layer is easily affected by water vapor and air.
  • the display structure further includes a packaging glue 300, which is arranged between the first transparent substrate 110 and the second transparent substrate 210 to form a sealed space between the first transparent substrate 110 and the second transparent substrate 210, thereby reducing the external The water vapor and air from the outside world penetrate into the organic light-emitting layer, reducing the impact on the organic light-emitting layer.
  • the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 are arranged horizontally, and the plate surfaces of the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142 can be perpendicular to the surface of the first transparent substrate 110.
  • a horizontal electric field 144 is formed between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142, and the horizontal electric field 144 drives the black electrophoretic particles to move in a direction parallel to the surface of the first transparent substrate 110.
  • a groove is provided in the viewing angle adjustment area 160, and the groove has a first inner sidewall 161 and a second inner sidewall 162 arranged opposite to each other, and the first electrode plate 141 is provided on the first inner sidewall 161 of the groove, and the second electrode plate 142 is provided on the second inner sidewall 162 of the groove, so that a horizontal electric field 144 is formed between the first electrode plate 141 and the second electrode plate 142, and the horizontal electric field 144 drives the black electrophoretic particles to move along a surface direction parallel to the first transparent substrate 110.
  • the first electrode plate 141 can be connected to the common electrode 170, and a voltage is provided to it through the common electrode 170.
  • the second electrode plate 142 can be connected to the switching electrode 230 through the flat layer 220, and a voltage is provided to the second electrode plate 142 through the switching electrode 230.
  • the voltage on the second electrode plate 142 is less than the voltage on the first electrode plate 141.
  • the direction of the electric field is directed from the first electrode plate 141 to the second electrode plate 142, and the black electrophoretic particles move from the first electrode plate 141 to the direction of the second electrode plate 142, thereby reducing the light blocking of the light-emitting portion and widening the field of view.
  • the voltage on the second electrode plate 142 is greater than the voltage on the first electrode plate 141.
  • the direction of the electric field is directed from the second electrode plate 142 to the first electrode plate 141, and the black electrophoretic particles move from the second electrode plate 142 to the direction of the first electrode plate 141, thereby increasing the light blocking of the light-emitting portion and narrowing the field of view.
  • the present application further provides a display device, including a display panel 400 , wherein the display panel 400 has a display area 410 and a non-display area 420 , wherein the non-display area 420 is disposed around the display area 410 , and the display device further includes a display structure, wherein the display structure is disposed in the display area 410 .
  • the display structure includes a pixel area 101, and a viewing angle adjustment area 160 is provided on at least one side of the pixel area 101.
  • the pixel area 101 is provided with a light-emitting part, and the light-emitting part is used to emit light.
  • the viewing angle adjustment area 160 is provided with a viewing angle adjustment part; the light-emitting part is used to emit light to complete the normal display of the picture.
  • the light-emitting part can be an LCD, an LED, or an OLED.
  • One light emitting part corresponds to one pixel area 101.
  • the number of pixel areas 101 usually represents the resolution of the display structure.
  • the pixel areas 101 are arranged in a matrix of rows and columns.
  • Field of view angle, field of view angle ⁇ can be understood as horizontal field of view angle, can also be understood as vertical field of view angle.
  • the size of the field of view angle determines the user's field of view. The larger the field of view angle, the larger the field of view, the smaller the field of view angle, the smaller the field of view.
  • the viewing angle adjustment portion includes a shading portion and an adjustment electrode.
  • the shading portion 130 is light-proof or reflects light, and the light from the light-emitting portion cannot pass through the shading portion 130 .
  • the shading portion has a narrow viewing angle position for blocking the light from the luminous portion, and a wide viewing angle position for avoiding the light from the luminous portion.
  • the adjusting electrode is arranged corresponding to the shading portion, and the adjusting electrode forms an electric field, and the electric field drives the shading portion to move between the narrow viewing angle position and the wide viewing angle position.
  • the shading portion 130 is charged, and the adjustment electrode 140 is arranged corresponding to the shading portion 130.
  • the electric field of the adjustment electrode 140 drives the shading portion 130 to move, so as to block or avoid the light of the light-emitting portion.
  • the position where the most light is blocked is the narrow viewing angle position, and the position where the least light is blocked or the position where no light is blocked is the wide viewing angle position.
  • the shading portion 130 moves between the narrow viewing angle position and the wide viewing angle position under the action of the electric field, so as to adjust the viewing angle ⁇ .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种显示结构和显示装置。其中，显示结构包括像素区(101)，像素区(101)的至少一侧设置视角调节区，像素区(101)设置有发光部，发光部用于发射光线，视角调节区设置有视角调节部；视角调节部包括遮光部和调节电极(140)，遮光部具有遮挡发光部的光线的窄视角位置、以及避让发光部的光线的宽视角位置，调节电极(140)对应遮光部设置，调节电极(140)形成电场，电场驱动遮光部于窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动。

Description

显示结构和显示装置
本申请要求于2022年10月11日提交中国专利局，申请号为CN 202211243228.4，申请名称为“显示结构和显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种显示结构和显示装置。
背景技术
目前很多终端设备都配置有显示器，通过显示器直观的显示内容。用户在使用这些终端设备时，面临不同的使用环境。比如，当用户在观看私人信息时候，不希望周围的人看到，但当分享内容时，则希望能够让更多人看到。但是目前的显示器，在视角切换上缺乏有效的手段，导致用户在使用时缺乏便捷性。
发明内容
本申请提供一种显示结构和显示装置，能够有效的切换视角的大小，提高用户使用的便捷性。
根据本申请的一个方面，本申请提供一种显示结构。所述显示结构具有阵列排布的像素区，所述像素区设置有发光部，所述发光部用于发射光线，所述像素区的至少一侧设置视角调节区，所述视角调节区设置有视角调节部。所述视角调节部包括遮光部和调节电极。所述遮光部具有窄视角位置以及宽视角位置。所述调节电极对应所述遮光部设置，所述调节电极用于形成电场，所述遮光部在所述电场驱动下于所述窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动。
根据本申请的另一方面，本申请还提供一种显示装置。所述显示装置包括显示面板，所述显示面板具有显示区和非显示区。所述非显示区设于所述显示区的周边，所述显示装置还包括如上文所述显示结构，所述显示结构设于所述显示区。
本申请的技术方案中，调节电极形成电场，电场作用在遮光部上，遮光部在电场的作用下移动。通过遮光部的移动能够遮挡住发光部发射的部分光线，此时用户观察的视场角变窄，遮光部此时的位置为窄视角位置。通过遮光部的移动还能够避开发光部发射的光线，或者是避开一部分光线，此时用户观察的视场角变宽，遮光部此时的位置为宽视角位置。由此可知，本技术方案通过调节电极带动遮光部移动，能够在窄视角位置和宽视角位置之 间移动，继而根据用户需要的切换视场角的大小，提高用户使用的便捷性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述其示例实施例，本申请的上述和其它目标、特征及优点将变得更加显而易见。
图1是本申请中第一实施例中显示结构的遮光部在窄视角位置的结构示意图。
图2是本申请中第一实施例中显示结构的遮光部在宽视角位置的结构示意图。
图3是本申请图2中显示结构的分解结构示意图。
图4是本申请图3中像素电极的局部结构示意图。
图5是本申请中显示结构的调节电极的另一种设置位置的结构示意图。
图6是本申请中第二实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
尽管本申请可以容易地表现为不同形式的实施方式，但在附图中示出并且在本说明书中将详细说明的仅仅是其中一些具体实施方式，同时可以理解的是本说明书应视为是本申请原理的示范性说明，而并非旨在将本申请限制到在此所说明的那样。
由此，本说明书中所指出的一个特征将用于说明本申请的一个实施方式的其中一个特征，而不是暗示本申请的每个实施方式必须具有所说明的特征。此外，应当注意的是本说明书描述了许多特征。尽管某些特征可以组合在一起以示出可能的系统设计，但是这些特征也可用于其他的未明确说明的组合。由此，除非另有说明，所说明的组合并非旨在限制。
在附图所示的实施方式中，方向的指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前和后)用于解释本申请的各种元件的结构和运动不是绝对的而是相对的。当这些元件处于附图所示的位置时，这些说明是合适的。如果这些元件的位置的说明发生改变时，则这些方向的指示也相应地改变。
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的范例；相反，提供这些示例实施方式使得本 申请的描述将更加全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。附图仅为本申请的示意性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。
以下结合本说明书的附图，对本申请的较佳实施方式予以进一步地详尽阐述。
实施例一
参阅图1和图2所示，本申请提供一种显示结构，本申请的显示结构可以应用在LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示)显示器中，也可以用在LED(Light Emitting Diode，发光二极管)显示器中，或者是OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光层)显示器。
显示结构具有阵列排布的像素区101，像素区101的至少一侧设置视角调节区160，像素区101设置有发光部，发光部用于发射光线，视角调节区160设置有视角调节部；发光部用于发射光线，完成画面的正常显示。发光部可以是LCD，也可以是LED，或者是OLED。
一个发光部对应一个像素区101，像素区101的数量通常也代表了显示结构的分辨率，一般像素区101按照行列的矩阵方式排布。发光部发射的光线形成角度为ɑ的视场角，视场角ɑ可以理解为水平视场角，也可以理解为竖直视场角。视场角的大小决定了用户的视野范围，视场角越大，视野就越大，视场角越小，视野就越小。
视角调节部包括遮光部和调节电极，遮光部130不透光，或者反射光，发光部的光线在遇到遮光部130无法穿过。
遮光部具有窄视角位置以及宽视角位置，遮光部对发光部的光线进行遮挡的位置为窄视角位置，遮光部避让发光部的光线的位置为宽视角位置，此时的避让也可以理解为完全避开，也可以是避开的光线多于窄视角位置。调节电极对应遮光部设置，调节电极形成电场，电场驱动遮光部在窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动。
遮光部130带电，调节电极140对应遮光部130设置，调节电极140的电场驱动遮光部130移动，遮挡或避让发光部的光线。遮挡光线最多的位置为窄视角位置，遮挡光线最少的位置或不遮挡光线的位置为宽视角位置。通过遮光部130在电场的作用下在窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动，实现对视场角ɑ的调节。
本实施例的技术方案中，本申请的技术方案中，调节电极140形成电场，电场作用在遮光部130上，遮光部130在电场的作用下移动。通过遮光部130的移动能够遮 挡住发光部发射的部分光线，此时用户观察的视场角变窄，遮光部130此时的位置为窄视角位置。通过遮光部130的移动还能够避开发光部发射的光线，此时用户观察的视场角变宽，遮光部130此时的位置为宽视角位置。由此可知，本技术方案通过调节电极140带动遮光部130移动，能够在窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动切换，继而根据用户需要的切换视场角的大小，提高用户使用的便捷性。
在此，需要强调的是，本实施例充分利用了每个相邻像素区101和像素区101之间的位置。不需要在厚度方向上设置防窥膜，在厚度上较薄，利于显示结构的扁平设计，能够使终端设备厚度较薄。
进一步地，视角调节区160环绕像素区101设置。如此可知，遮光部130也是设置在像素区101的周边。这样在调节视场角时，在像素区101的周边均能够进行光线的遮挡或避让，增加调整视场角的角度范围。
参阅图3所示，为了有效的完成视场角的调整，显示结构包括像素定义层150(pixel design layer，简称PDL层)。像素定义层150围设于像素区101，像素定义层150开设有凹槽，凹槽形成视角调节区160，遮光部130设于凹槽内。由于像素定义层150具有透射光线的作用，发光部产生的光线能够穿过像素定义层150。通过凹槽的设置，充分利用像素定义层150的位置空间。
另外，像素定义层150围设形成围设空间，保护发光部，减少外界的空气或者水汽进入到围设空间内，减少对发光部的侵蚀。
为了更加有效实现对视场角的调节，遮光部130为黑色电泳粒子，调节电极140包括第一电极板141和第二电极板142，第一电极板141和第二电极板142相对设置，黑色电泳粒子设于第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间。由此可知，第一电极板141和第二电极板142设置在黑色电泳粒子的相对两侧。第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间产生电场，黑色电泳粒子在第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间移动。黑色电泳粒子不透光，且黑色电泳粒子为带电粒子，通过喷墨打印的方式注入到凹槽内。
进一步地，显示结构包括第一透明基板110、第二透明基板210和平坦层220，第一透明基板110和第二透明基板210相对设置，平坦层220设于第二透明基板210和第一透明基板110之间。第一电极板141设于第一透明基板110面向平坦层220的一面，第二电极板142设于平坦层220面向第一透明基板110的一面，第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间形成竖直电场143，竖直电场143驱动黑色电泳粒子沿着垂直于第一透明基板110的表面方向移动。
也就是说，第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间形成的电场方向，垂直于第一透明基板110的表面。在需要窄视角时，黑色电泳粒子移动向第一电极板141，这样发光部的光线照射到黑色电泳粒子，光线被黑色电泳粒子遮挡住。在需要宽视角时，黑色电泳粒子移动向第二电极板142，发光部的光线能够依次穿过像素定义层、第一电极板141和第一透明基板110，光线没有被遮挡，实现了宽视角。其中，第一电极板141是透明的导电层。
在第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间可以通过调整两者的电压大小，形成不同电场强度的电场，黑色电泳粒子在不同的电场作用下，能够移动至第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间的不同位置。而位置的不同，遮光的角度也不同，从而能够灵活的调整视场角的大小。
为了使显示结构具有更大的视场角调整范围，凹槽的深度通常和像素定义层的高度相等，这样黑色电泳粒子获得了较大的移动范围，从而能够在更大的范围内调整视场角的大小。利用本申请的技术方案，通过调整视场角的范围，可以在原本视场角的基础上，增加调整范围到30°至45°之间。
第一透明基板110可以是玻璃基板，也可以是塑料基板。同样，第二透明基板210可以是玻璃基板，或者是塑料基板。第一透明基板110和第二透明基板210之间形成一个稳定的空间结构，保护两者之间的器件。平坦层220的稳定性较好，通过平坦层220能够形成一个平整的表面，便于像素定义层的设置。
像素定义层设于平坦层220和第一透明基板110之间，第二电极板142设于平坦层220面向第一透明基板110的一面；进一步，通过像素定义层设置在第一透明基板110和平坦层220之间，形成一个封闭的围设空间，发光部可以设置在该封闭空间内。减少外界环境对发光部的干扰。
为了便于给调节电极140提供视角调节信号，显示结构还包括转接电极230，转接电极230设于平坦层220和第二透明基板210之间，平坦层220开设有第一通孔221，第一通孔221对应转接电极230设置，第二电极板142部分沿第一通孔221延伸，并连接转接电极230，转接电极230用于接收视角调节信号。在转接电极230收到视角调节信号后，转接电极230将信号传输给第二电极板142，第二电极板142依据视角调节信号的电压大小，在第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间形成大小不同的电场。
比如说，在视角调节信号的电压小于第一电极板141上的电压，则第二电极板142上的电压也小于第一电极板141上的电压。电场的方向由第一电极板141指向第二电 极板142，黑色电泳粒子由第一电极板141向第二电极板142的方向移动，实现宽视角。在视角调节信号的电压大于第一电极板141上的电压，则第二电极板142上的电压也大于第一电极板141上的电压。电场的方向由第二电极板142指向第一电极板141，黑色电泳粒子由第二电极板142向第一电极板141的方向移动，实现窄视角。通常来说，第一电极板141上的电压大小是固定的，通过改变视角调节信号的电压大小，来改变电场的方向，从而完成黑色电泳粒子的遮挡或避让光线。
在其中一个方面，发光部包括薄膜晶体管、像素电极280、发光层120和公共电极170，薄膜晶体管、平坦层220、像素电极280、发光层120和公共电极170由第二透明基板210至第一透明基板110依次设置，薄膜晶体管的源极250和漏极260与转接电极230同层设置，像素电极280连接薄膜晶体管的源极250或漏极260。薄膜晶体管包括源极250、漏极260、栅极290和半导体层270。
具体地，显示结构还包括绝缘层240，绝缘层240设于平坦层220和第二透明基板210之间；绝缘层240还包括第一绝缘层243和第二绝缘层244，栅极290设置在第一绝缘层243和第二绝缘层244之间，第一绝缘层243设置在栅极290和平坦层220之间。第一绝缘层243和第二绝缘层244的材料可以相同，也可以不同。比如，第一绝缘层243的材料为氮化硅和氧化硅的混合物，第二绝缘层244为氧化硅。
源极250和漏极260均设于绝缘层240和平坦层220之间，源极250、漏极260以及转接电极230同层设置。源极250和漏极260设置在第一绝缘层243和平坦层220之间。其中，源极250、漏极260以及转接电极230同层设置，可以简化工艺流程，通过同一道印刷、掩膜、刻蚀工序就可以完成源极250、漏极260以及转接电极230的设置。
进一步地，半导体层270设于第二透明基板210和绝缘层240之间，绝缘层240开设有第二通孔241和第三通孔242，第二通孔241和第三通孔242均对应半导体层270设置；第二通孔241和第三通孔242均依次穿过第一绝缘层243和第二绝缘层244。源极250部分沿第二通孔241延伸，并连接半导体层270；漏极260部分沿第三通孔242延伸，并连接半导体层270。半导体层270为源极250和漏极260提供电力，源极250或漏极260再将电力传输给像素电极280。
其中，显示结构还包括过渡层310，过渡层310设置在第二绝缘层244和第二透明基板210之间。过渡层310保证半导体层270设置的更加牢固，一般过渡层310为氧化硅层。
公共电极170设于第一透明基板110面向平坦层220的一面，像素电极280设于平坦层220面向第一透明基板110的一面，公共电极170和像素电极280形成电场，以使发光层120发光；平坦层220开设有第四通孔222，第四通孔222对应源极250或漏极260设置，像素电极280部分沿第四通孔222延伸，并连接源极250或漏极260；像素电极280可以连接源极250，也可以连接漏极260。在公共电极170和像素电极280之间形成电场时，电信号通过半导体层270传递至源极250或者漏极260，再通过源极250或者漏极260传递至像素电极280，从而在公共电极170和像素电极280之间形成电场，驱动发光层120点亮。
为了简化制作流程，公共电极170和第一电极板141同层设置，像素电极280和第二电极板142同层设置。即通过同一道印刷、掩膜、刻蚀工序就可以完成公共电极170和第一电极板141，一般公共电极170和第一电极板141之间是相互连接的，公共电极170和第一电极板141的电压大小相等。其中，公共电极170为ITO(Indium tin oxide，氧化铟锡)导电层。通过另外一道印刷、掩膜、刻蚀工序就可以完成像素电极280和第二电极板142设置。但是像素电极280和第二电极板142之间是断开的，像素电极280和第二电极板142提供的电压大小不等。
其中，像素电极280面向一个封闭的空间，第二电极板142也面向一个封闭的空间。为了减少像素电极280和第二电极板142对应的封闭空间产生缝隙，像素电极280和第二电极板142断开的位置位于像素定义层150和平坦层220之间，这样像素电极280和第二电极板142的断开位置避开了各自的封闭空间，断开的位置被像素定义层150覆盖住，减少了各自对应封闭空间产生缝隙的可能。
参阅图4所示，发光层120为有机发光层，像素电极280包括第一导电层281、反光层282和第二导电层283，第一导电层281、反光层282和第二导电层283自远离发光部的方向依次设置。有机发光层也称为OLED，有机发光层发光是360°的角度发光，为了充分利用有机发光层发射的光线，将射向像素电极280的光线反射回来，使光线射向第一透明基板110。其中，主要通过反光层282来完成光线的反射。第一导电层281可以为ITO导电层，反光层282可以为银层，第二导电层283也可以为ITO导电层。这样，通过银层的反射，将有机发光层的光线反射向第一透明基板110。
另外，有机发光层容易受到水汽和空气的影响，为了减少水汽和空气的影响，显示结构还包括封装胶300，封装胶300设置在第一透明基板110和第二透明基板210之间，在第一透明基板110和第二透明基板210之间形成一个密封空间，从而减少外 界水汽和空气渗入到有机发光层中，减少对有机发光层的影响。
参阅图5所示，除了上述提到的黑色电泳粒子在垂直于第一透明基板110的表面方向移动外，还提供了另外一种移动方式。具体地，第一电极板141和第二电极板142水平设置，第一电极板141和第二电极板142的板面可以垂直于第一透明基板110的表面。第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间形成水平电场144，水平电场144驱动黑色电泳粒子沿着平行于第一透明基板110的表面方向移动。
例如，在视角调节区160设置凹槽，凹槽具有相对设置的第一内侧壁161和第二内侧壁162，第一电极板141设于凹槽的第一内侧壁161，第二电极板142设于凹槽的第二内侧壁162，这样在第一电极板141和第二电极板142之间形成水平电场144，水平电场144驱动黑色电泳粒子沿着平行于第一透明基板110的表面方向移动。第一电极板141可以连接公共电极170，通过公共电极170为其提供电压。第二电极板142可以穿过平坦层220连接转接电极230，通过转接电极230为第二电极板142提供电压。
在需要实现宽视角时，第二电极板142上的电压小于第一电极板141上的电压。电场的方向由第一电极板141指向第二电极板142，黑色电泳粒子由第一电极板141向第二电极板142的方向移动，减少了对发光部的光线遮挡，视场角变宽。在需要实现窄视角时，第二电极板142上的电压大于第一电极板141上的电压。电场的方向由第二电极板142指向第一电极板141，黑色电泳粒子由第二电极板142向第一电极板141的方向移动，增加对发光部的光线遮挡，视场角变窄。
实施例二
参阅图6所示，本申请还提供一种显示装置，显示装置包括显示面板400，显示面板400具有显示区410和非显示区420，非显示区420设于显示区410的周边，显示装置还包括显示结构，显示结构设于显示区410。
显示结构包括像素区101，像素区101的至少一侧设置视角调节区160，像素区101设置有发光部，发光部用于发射光线，视角调节区160设置有视角调节部；发光部用于发射光线，完成画面的正常显示。发光部可以是LCD，也可以是LED，或者是OLED。
一个发光部对应一个像素区101，像素区101的数量通常也代表了显示结构的分辨率，一般像素区101按照行列的矩阵方式排布。发光部发射的光线形成角度为ɑ的 视场角，视场角ɑ可以理解为水平视场角，也可以理解为竖直视场角。视场角的大小决定了用户的视野范围，视场角越大，视野就越大，视场角越小，视野就越小。
视角调节部包括遮光部和调节电极，遮光部130不透光，或者反射光，发光部的光线在遇到遮光部130无法穿过。
遮光部具有遮挡发光部的光线的窄视角位置、以及避让发光部的光线的宽视角位置，调节电极对应遮光部设置，调节电极形成电场，电场驱动遮光部在窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动。
遮光部130带电，调节电极140对应遮光部130设置，调节电极140的电场驱动遮光部130移动，遮挡或避让发光部的光线。遮挡光线最多的位置为窄视角位置，遮挡光线最少的位置或不遮挡光线的位置为宽视角位置。通过遮光部130在电场的作用下在窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动，实现对视场角ɑ的调节。
虽然已参照几个典型实施方式描述了本申请，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本申请能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施方式不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种显示结构，所述显示结构具有阵列排布的像素区，所述像素区设置有发光部，所述发光部用于发射光线，其中，所述像素区的至少一侧设置视角调节区，所述视角调节区设置有视角调节部；
    所述视角调节部包括遮光部和调节电极，所述遮光部具窄视角位置以及宽视角位置，所述调节电极对应所述遮光部设置，所述调节电极用于形成电场，所述遮光部在所述电场驱动下于所述窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示结构，其中，所述遮光部为黑色电泳粒子，所述调节电极包括第一电极板和第二电极板，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板相对设置，所述黑色电泳粒子设于所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示结构，其中，在所述视角调节区设置凹槽，所述凹槽具有相对设置的第一内侧壁和第二内侧壁，所述第一电极板设于所述凹槽的第一内侧壁，所述第二电极板设于所述凹槽的第二内侧壁。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示结构，其中，所述显示结构包括第一透明基板、第二透明基板和平坦层，所述第一透明基板和所述第二透明基板相对设置，所述平坦层设于所述第二透明基板和所述第一透明基板之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示结构，其中，所述显示结构还包括转接电极，所述转接电极设于所述平坦层和所述第二透明基板之间，所述平坦层开设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔对应所述转接电极设置，所述第二电极板部分沿所述第一通孔延伸，并连接所述转接电极，所述转接电极用于接收视角调节信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示结构，其中，所述发光部包括薄膜晶体管、像素电极、发光层和公共电极，所述薄膜晶体管、所述平坦层、所述像素电极、所述发光层和所述公共电极由所述第二透明基板至所述第一透明基板依次设置，所述薄膜晶体管的源极和漏极与所述转接电极同层设置，所述像素电极连接所述薄膜晶体管的源极或漏极；
    所述公共电极和所述第一电极板同层设置，所述公共电极和所述第一电极板连接，所述像素电极和所述第二电极板同层设置，所述像素电极和所述第二电极板断开。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示结构，其中，所述显示结构包括像素定义层，所 述像素定义层围设于所述像素区，所述像素定义层开设有凹槽，所述第二电极位于所述凹槽的底部，所述像素电极和所述第二电极板断开的位置位于所述像素定义层和所述平坦层之间，所述像素电极面向一个封闭的空间，所述第二电极板面向一个封闭的空间。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的显示结构，其中，所述发光层为有机发光层，所述像素电极包括第一导电层、反光层和第二导电层，所述第一导电层、所述反光层和所述第二导电层自远离所述发光部的方向依次设置。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的显示结构，其中，所述显示结构还包括绝缘层，所述绝缘层设于所述平坦层和所述第二透明基板之间；所述绝缘层还包括第一绝缘层和所述第二绝缘层，所述薄膜晶体管的栅极设置在所述第一绝缘层和所述第二绝缘层之间，所述第一绝缘层设置在所述栅极和所述平坦层之间。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的显示结构，其中，所述第一电极板设于所述第一透明基板面向所述平坦层的一面，所述第二电极板设于所述平坦层面向所述第一透明基板的一面，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板之间形成竖直电场，所述竖直电场驱动所述黑色电泳粒子沿着垂直于所述第一透明基板的表面方向移动。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的显示结构，其中，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板水平设置，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板之间形成水平电场，所述水平电场驱动所述黑色电泳粒子沿着水平方向移动。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的显示结构，其中，当所述第二电极板上的电压小于第一电极板上的电压，所述电场的方向由所述第一电极板指向所述第二电极板，黑色电泳粒子由所述第一电极板向所述第二电极板的方向移动，所述视场角变宽。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的显示结构，其中，当所述第二电极板上的电压大于所述第一电极板上的电压，所述电场的方向由所述第二电极板指向所述第一电极板，所述黑色电泳粒子由所述第二电极板向所述第一电极板的方向移动，所述视场角变窄。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的显示结构，其中，所述视角调节区环绕所述像素区设置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的显示结构，其中，所述显示结构包括像素定义层， 所述像素定义层围设于所述像素区，所述像素定义层开设有所述凹槽，所述凹槽形成所述视角调节区，所述遮光部设于所述凹槽内。
  16. 一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括显示面板，所述显示面板具有显示区和非显示区，所述非显示区设于所述显示区的周边，其中，所述显示装置还包括显示结构，所述显示结构设于所述显示区，所述显示结构具有阵列排布的像素区，所述像素区设置有发光部，所述发光部用于发射光线，其中，所述像素区的至少一侧设置视角调节区，所述视角调节区设置有视角调节部；
    所述视角调节部包括遮光部和调节电极，所述遮光部具窄视角位置以及宽视角位置，所述调节电极对应所述遮光部设置，所述调节电极用于形成电场，所述遮光部在所述电场驱动下于所述窄视角位置和宽视角位置之间移动。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述遮光部为黑色电泳粒子，所述调节电极包括第一电极板和第二电极板，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板相对设置，所述黑色电泳粒子设于所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板之间。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的显示装置，其中，在所述视角调节区设置凹槽，所述凹槽具有相对设置的第一内侧壁和第二内侧壁，所述第一电极板设于所述凹槽的第一内侧壁，所述第二电极板设于所述凹槽的第二内侧壁。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示结构包括第一透明基板、第二透明基板和平坦层，所述第一透明基板和所述第二透明基板相对设置，所述平坦层设于所述第二透明基板和所述第一透明基板之间。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示结构还包括转接电极，所述转接电极设于所述平坦层和所述第二透明基板之间，所述平坦层开设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔对应所述转接电极设置，所述第二电极板部分沿所述第一通孔延伸，并连接所述转接电极，所述转接电极用于接收视角调节信号。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的显示装置，其中，所述发光部包括薄膜晶体管、像素电极、发光层和公共电极，所述薄膜晶体管、所述平坦层、所述像素电极、所述发光层和所述公共电极由所述第二透明基板至所述第一透明基板依次设置，所述薄膜晶体管的源极和漏极与所述转接电极同层设置，所述像素电极连接所述薄膜晶体管的源极或漏极；
    所述公共电极和所述第一电极板同层设置，所述公共电极和所述第一电极板连 接，所述像素电极和所述第二电极板同层设置，所述像素电极和所述第二电极板断开。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示结构包括像素定义层，所述像素定义层围设于所述像素区，所述像素定义层开设有凹槽，所述第二电极位于所述凹槽的底部，所述像素电极和所述第二电极板断开的位置位于所述像素定义层和所述平坦层之间，所述像素电极面向一个封闭的空间，所述第二电极板面向一个封闭的空间。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的显示装置，其中，所述发光层为有机发光层，所述像素电极包括第一导电层、反光层和第二导电层，所述第一导电层、所述反光层和所述第二导电层自远离所述发光部的方向依次设置。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示结构还包括绝缘层，所述绝缘层设于所述平坦层和所述第二透明基板之间；所述绝缘层还包括第一绝缘层和所述第二绝缘层，所述薄膜晶体管的栅极设置在所述第一绝缘层和所述第二绝缘层之间，所述第一绝缘层设置在所述栅极和所述平坦层之间。
  25. 根据权利要求19所述的显示装置，其中，所述第一电极板设于所述第一透明基板面向所述平坦层的一面，所述第二电极板设于所述平坦层面向所述第一透明基板的一面，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板之间形成竖直电场，所述竖直电场驱动所述黑色电泳粒子沿着垂直于所述第一透明基板的表面方向移动。
  26. 根据权利要求17所述的显示装置，其中，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板水平设置，所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板之间形成水平电场，所述水平电场驱动所述黑色电泳粒子沿着水平方向移动。
  27. 根据权利要求17所述的显示装置，其中，当所述第二电极板上的电压小于第一电极板上的电压，所述电场的方向由所述第一电极板指向所述第二电极板，黑色电泳粒子由所述第一电极板向所述第二电极板的方向移动，所述视场角变宽。
  28. 根据权利要求17所述的显示装置，其中，当所述第二电极板上的电压大于所述第一电极板上的电压，所述电场的方向由所述第二电极板指向所述第一电极板，所述黑色电泳粒子由所述第二电极板向所述第一电极板的方向移动，所述视场角变窄。
  29. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述视角调节区环绕所述像素区设置。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示结构包括像素定义层，所述像素定义层围设于所述像素区，所述像素定义层开设有所述凹槽，所述凹槽形成所述视角调节区，所述遮光部设于所述凹槽内。
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