WO2024070690A1 - Dispositif de congélation et congélateur - Google Patents

Dispositif de congélation et congélateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024070690A1
WO2024070690A1 PCT/JP2023/033358 JP2023033358W WO2024070690A1 WO 2024070690 A1 WO2024070690 A1 WO 2024070690A1 JP 2023033358 W JP2023033358 W JP 2023033358W WO 2024070690 A1 WO2024070690 A1 WO 2024070690A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
force field
magnetic
refrigeration apparatus
focusing member
solid refrigerant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2023/033358
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
能成 浅野
茜 上田
一貴 高橋
辰太郎 荒木
寛 日比野
Original Assignee
ダイキン工業株式会社
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Application filed by ダイキン工業株式会社 filed Critical ダイキン工業株式会社
Publication of WO2024070690A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024070690A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to refrigeration devices and freezers.
  • Patent document 1 discloses a heat exchanger that includes a cylindrical case that contains a magnetocaloric effect material and a ferromagnetic body that is attached so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the case.
  • the ferromagnetic body is configured to have a first opposing surface that extends along the surface of one magnet, and a second opposing surface that extends along the surface of the other magnet. This reduces the space between the cylindrical case and the magnet, and increases the magnetic flux density applied to the magnetocaloric effect material.
  • the magnetic gap becomes small at both ends in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction in which the magnetic field is applied, so magnetic flux mainly flows through both ends in the second direction in the magnetocaloric effect material.
  • the magnetic flux density near the center of the magnetocaloric effect material in the second direction does not increase.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to make it possible to homogenize the force field density in a solid refrigerant material.
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device including a solid refrigerant material (11) having a calorific effect, and a force field application unit (20) that applies a force field to the solid refrigerant material (11) to induce a phase transition in the solid refrigerant material (11), and includes a force field focusing member (13) through which the force field passes more easily than the solid refrigerant material (11), and the force field focusing member (13) is arranged in a position in which the length in a first direction in which the force field is applied by the force field application unit (20) is smaller than the length in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and is sandwiched between the solid refrigerant material (11) in the first direction.
  • the flow of the force field expanding to pass through the outside of the solid refrigerant material (11) is suppressed, thereby increasing the force field density (magnetic flux density if the force field is a magnetic field, and electric flux density if the force field is an electric field) in the solid refrigerant material (11) and making the force field density uniform.
  • the force field focusing members (13) are arranged at intervals in the first direction.
  • the second embodiment by arranging multiple force field focusing members (13) in the first direction and narrowing the apparent magnetic gap, it is possible to prevent the force field in the solid refrigerant material (11) from becoming non-uniform due to the force spreading outward and passing through the solid refrigerant material (11), and to homogenize the force field density in the solid refrigerant material (11).
  • the force field in the first direction is less likely to pass through the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction than through the end portion in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction can be increased and brought closer to the force field density at the center.
  • the fourth aspect of the present disclosure is the refrigeration device according to the third aspect, in which the thickness of the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is smaller than the thickness of the ends in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction can be increased and brought closer to the force field density at the center.
  • a hole (25) penetrating in the first direction is formed in the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction can be increased and brought closer to the force field density at the center.
  • the force field focusing member (13) has a plurality of holes (25) penetrating in the first direction and spaced apart in the second direction, and the inner diameter of the hole (25) formed in the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is larger than the inner diameter of the hole (25) formed at the end in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction can be increased and brought closer to the force field density at the center.
  • the seventh aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to the third aspect, in which the force field focusing member (13) has a plurality of holes (25) penetrating in the first direction and spaced apart in the second direction, and the spacing between adjacent holes (25) in the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is smaller than the spacing between adjacent holes (25) at the ends in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction can be increased and brought closer to the force field density at the center.
  • the eighth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, in which the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is positioned more inward in the second direction than the end of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the second direction.
  • the force field directed outward from the end of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the second direction can be attracted toward the end of the force field concentrating member (13) in the second direction, thereby increasing the force field density at the end of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the second direction.
  • a ninth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, further comprising a container (12) for storing the solid refrigerant material (11), and the force field focusing member (13) divides the solid refrigerant material (11) into a plurality of layers within the container (12).
  • the solid refrigerant material (11) can be prevented from being unevenly positioned within the container (12).
  • a tenth aspect of the present disclosure is the refrigeration device according to the ninth aspect, wherein the plurality of layers includes a first layer (61) and a second layer (62), and the Curie temperature of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the first layer (61) is different from the Curie temperature of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the second layer (62).
  • the temperature of the fluid can be changed in stages by circulating a heat medium that exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant material (11) through the first layer (61) or the second layer (62).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is provided with a flow path (28) for circulating a heat medium that exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant material (11) in the first direction.
  • the heat medium that exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant material (11) is circulated through the flow path (28) between the first layer (61) and the second layer (62), thereby gradually changing the temperature of the heat medium.
  • a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, further comprising a container (12) for storing the solid refrigerant material (11), the containers (12) being arranged in a plurality of locations along the first direction, and the force field focusing member (13) being arranged between adjacent containers (12).
  • the force field focusing member (13) can be sandwiched between the solid refrigerant material (11) simply by disposing the force field focusing member (13) between the containers (12) adjacent in the first direction.
  • a thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to the twelfth aspect, in which a chamfered portion or a fillet portion (26) is provided at the corner of the container (12), and the force field focusing member (13) is also disposed in the gap between the chamfered portion or the fillet portion (26) of the adjacent container (12).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is also disposed in the gaps between the chamfered or filleted portions of the adjacent containers (12) to increase the thickness of the end portion in the second direction of the force field focusing member (13), thereby increasing the force field density at the end portion in the second direction and bringing it closer to the force field density in the center.
  • a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, in which the solid refrigerant material (11) is a magnetic working material (11), the force field application unit (20) is a magnetic field application unit (20) that applies a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11), and the force field focusing member (13) is a soft magnetic material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material (11).
  • the magnetic flux density in the magnetic working material (11) can be increased and made uniform.
  • the fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to the fourteenth aspect, further comprising a container (12) for storing the magnetic working material (11), the container (12) being made of a soft magnetic material, a plurality of the containers (12) being arranged along the first direction, and the force field focusing member (13) being made of the wall of the adjacent containers (12).
  • the container (12) is made of a soft magnetic material, so that the wall of the container (12) can be used as a force field focusing member (13).
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) has a permanent magnet (21) and a moving mechanism (15) that moves the position of the permanent magnet (21), and the moving mechanism (15) moves the permanent magnet (21) relative to the magnetic working material (11) to apply or remove a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the magnetic working material (11) can be heated or cooled by applying or removing a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11).
  • a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to the fourteenth aspect, in which the magnetic field application unit (20) has a coil (50) that generates a magnetic flux when energized, and a control unit (8) that controls the energization of the coil (50), and the control unit (8) applies or removes a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11) by turning on or off the energization of the coil (50).
  • the magnetic working material (11) can be heated or cooled by applying or removing a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration device according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, in which the solid refrigerant material (11) is an electrocaloric material (11) having an electrocaloric effect, the force field application unit (20) is an electric field application unit (20) that applies an electric field to the electrocaloric material (11), and the force field focusing member (13) is an electrical conductor having a higher electrical conductivity than the electrocaloric material (11).
  • the electric flux density in the electrocaloric material (11) can be increased and made uniform.
  • a nineteenth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigerator including a refrigeration device (10) according to any one of the first to eighteenth aspects and a heat medium circuit (2) that exchanges heat with the refrigeration device (10).
  • a refrigerator equipped with a refrigeration device (10) can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a piping diagram of a refrigerator according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the magnetic refrigeration device.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the magnetic refrigeration device.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the flow of magnetic flux with and without a force field concentrating member.
  • FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan sectional view showing the shape of the flow path.
  • FIG. 14 is a plan sectional view showing another shape of the flow channel.
  • FIG. 15 is a plan sectional view showing another shape of the flow channel.
  • FIG. 16 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a refrigeration device according to an eleventh embodiment.
  • a chiller (1) includes a heat medium circuit (2).
  • the chiller (1) is applied to, for example, an air conditioner.
  • the heat medium circuit (2) is filled with a heat medium.
  • the heat medium includes, for example, a refrigerant, water, brine, etc.
  • the refrigerator (1) includes a low-temperature heat exchanger (3), a high-temperature heat exchanger (4), a pump (5), and a magnetic refrigeration device (10).
  • the magnetic refrigeration device (10) adjusts the temperature of the heat medium by utilizing the magnetocaloric effect.
  • the heat medium circuit (2) is formed in a closed loop.
  • the heat medium circuit (2) is connected in this order to a pump (5), a low-temperature side heat exchanger (3), a magnetic refrigeration device (10), and a high-temperature side heat exchanger (4).
  • the heat medium circuit (2) includes a low-temperature side flow path (2a) and a high-temperature side flow path (2b).
  • the low-temperature side flow path (2a) connects the temperature control flow path (10a) of the magnetic refrigeration device (10) to the first port (6a) of the pump (5).
  • the high-temperature side flow path (2b) connects the temperature control flow path (10a) of the magnetic refrigeration device (10) to the second port (6b) of the pump (5).
  • the low-temperature side heat exchanger (3) exchanges heat between the heat medium cooled in the magnetic refrigeration device (10) and a predetermined object to be cooled (e.g., secondary refrigerant, air, etc.).
  • the high-temperature side heat exchanger (4) exchanges heat between the heat medium heated in the magnetic refrigeration device (10) and a predetermined object to be heated (e.g., secondary refrigerant, air, etc.).
  • the pump (5) alternately and repeatedly performs a first operation and a second operation.
  • the first operation the heat medium in the heat medium circuit (2) is transported clockwise in Fig. 1.
  • the second operation the heat medium in the heat medium circuit (2) is transported counterclockwise in Fig. 1.
  • the pump (5) constitutes a transport mechanism that causes the heat medium in the heat medium circuit (2) to flow reciprocally.
  • the pump (5) is a reciprocating piston pump.
  • the pump (5) includes a pump case (6) and a piston (7).
  • the piston (7) is arranged inside the pump case (6) so as to be able to move back and forth.
  • the piston (7) divides the inside of the pump case (6) into a first chamber (S1) and a second chamber (S2).
  • the pump case (6) is provided with a first port (6a) and a second port (6b).
  • the first port (6a) communicates with the first chamber (S1).
  • the first port (6a) is connected to the low-temperature side flow path (2a).
  • the second port (6b) communicates with the second chamber (S2).
  • the second port (6b) is connected to the high-temperature side flow path (2b).
  • the piston (7) is driven by a drive mechanism (not shown).
  • the piston (7) moves toward the first port (6a).
  • the volume of the first chamber (S1) decreases and the volume of the second chamber (S2) increases.
  • the heat medium in the first chamber (S1) is discharged through the first port (6a) to the low-temperature side flow path (2a).
  • the heat medium in the high-temperature side flow path (2b) is sucked into the second chamber (S2) through the second port (6b).
  • the piston (7) moves toward the second port (6b).
  • the volume of the second chamber (S2) decreases and the volume of the first chamber (S1) increases.
  • the heat medium in the second chamber (S2) is discharged through the second port (6b) to the high-temperature side flow path (2b).
  • the heat medium in the low-temperature side flow path (2a) is sucked into the first chamber (S1) through the first port (6a).
  • the refrigerator (1) includes a control unit (8).
  • the control unit (8) controls the operations of the pump (5) and the magnetic refrigeration device (10) in response to a predetermined operation command.
  • the control unit (8) is configured using a microcomputer and a memory device (specifically, a semiconductor memory) that stores software for operating the microcomputer.
  • the Magnetic Refrigeration Device Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view showing the configuration of the magnetic refrigeration device.
  • Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the magnetic refrigeration device.
  • the "side” here refers to a surface seen from a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic working material (11).
  • the magnetic refrigeration device (10) includes a magnetic working material (11) as a solid refrigerant material having a calorific effect, a force field concentrating member (13), a magnetic field application unit (20) as a force field application unit, and a rotation mechanism (15).
  • the force field is a magnetic field
  • the force field density is a magnetic flux density.
  • the magnetic working material (11) is a solid refrigerant material that has a magnetocaloric effect.
  • the magnetocaloric effect is a phenomenon in which heat is generated or absorbed by, for example, a phase transition from a ferromagnetic material to a paramagnetic material when a magnetic field fluctuates. More specifically, the magnetic working material (11) generates heat when a magnetic field is applied. The magnetic working material (11) absorbs heat when the magnetic field is removed. The magnetic working material (11) also generates heat when the applied magnetic field becomes stronger. The magnetic working material (11) also absorbs heat when the applied magnetic field becomes weaker.
  • Examples of materials that can be used for the magnetic working substance (11) include Gd5 ( Ge0.5Si0.5 ) 4 , La( Fe1- xSix ) 13 , La(Fe1 - xCoxSiy ) 13 , La ( Fe1 -xSix ) 13Hy , and Mn( As0.9Sb0.1 ) .
  • the magnetic working material (11) is stored in a container (12).
  • the container (12) extends in an arc shape along the circumferential direction.
  • the container (12) is made of, for example, a non-magnetic material.
  • a plurality of containers (12) storing the magnetic working material (11) are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the container (12) is part of the temperature control flow path (10a) and is configured so that the heat medium flows in and out.
  • the heat medium in the container (12) flows around the magnetic working material (11). Note that the container (12) is not shown in FIG. 3.
  • the container (12) may be made of a soft magnetic material.
  • a force field focusing member (13) is disposed within the container (12).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is made of a material through which a magnetic field passes more easily than the magnetic working material (11).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is a soft magnetic material with a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material (11).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is made of, for example, iron.
  • the force field focusing member (13) is arranged in a position in which the length in a first direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) in which a magnetic field is applied by the magnetic field application unit (20) is smaller than the length in a second direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 2) perpendicular to the first direction, and is sandwiched between the magnetic working material (11) in the first direction.
  • Multiple force field focusing members (13) are arranged at intervals in the first direction.
  • two force field focusing members (13) are arranged at intervals in the first direction.
  • the force field focusing members (13) separate the magnetic working material (11) into multiple layers in the container (12). Note that only one force field focusing member (13) may be arranged in the container (12).
  • the rotation mechanism (15) has a rotating shaft (16) and a motor (17).
  • the rotating shaft (16) is connected to the motor (17).
  • the motor (17) rotates the rotating shaft (16).
  • a magnetic field application unit (20) is connected to the rotating shaft (16).
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) applies a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11) to induce a phase transition in the magnetic working material (11).
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) moves in the circumferential direction relative to the magnetic working material (11). Specifically, the magnetic field application unit (20) rotates around the axis together with the rotating shaft (16) as the motor (17) rotates. This causes the magnetic field application unit (20) to rotate relative to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) has a plurality of permanent magnets (21) and a yoke (30).
  • the yoke (30) is made of a soft magnetic material.
  • the yoke (30) is made, for example, by casting or sintering iron.
  • the yoke (30) may also be made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets.
  • the yoke (30) has a first core portion (31), a first radial protrusion (32), a first axial protrusion (33), a second core portion (41), a second radial protrusion (42), and a second axial protrusion (43).
  • the first core portion (31) is formed in a cylindrical shape.
  • the rotating shaft (16) is connected to the first core portion (31).
  • the first radial protrusions (32) extend radially outward from the first core portion (31).
  • a plurality of first radial protrusions (32) are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the first axial protrusions (33) extend downward from the tip of the first radial protrusions (32).
  • the second core portion (41) is formed in a cylindrical shape.
  • the second core portion (41) is disposed below the first core portion (31) in FIG. 2.
  • the second core portion (41) is connected to the rotating shaft (16).
  • the second radial protrusions (42) extend radially outward from the second core portion (41).
  • a plurality of second radial protrusions (42) are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the second radial protrusions (42) are provided at positions overlapping the first radial protrusions (32) when viewed from the axial direction.
  • the second axial protrusions (43) extend upward from the tip of the second radial protrusions (42).
  • the permanent magnet (21) is provided on the yoke (30). Specifically, the permanent magnet (21) is placed at the tip of the first axial protrusion (33) and the second axial protrusion (43) of the yoke (30) and fixed with an adhesive or the like. Note that magnet holes (not shown) may be formed in the first axial protrusion (33) and the second axial protrusion (43) and the permanent magnet (21) may be inserted into the magnet holes.
  • the permanent magnet (21) is formed, for example, in an arc shape.
  • the material of the permanent magnet (21) may be, for example, an Nd-Fe-B magnet or an SmCo magnet.
  • the permanent magnet (21) passes magnetic flux through the yoke (30).
  • the pair of opposing permanent magnets (21) form the magnetic poles of the magnetic field application unit (20).
  • a gap (27) is provided between the pair of permanent magnets (21) as a magnetic gap.
  • a magnetic working material (11) is placed in the gap (27).
  • the radial width and circumferential width of the permanent magnet (21) are interpreted as the radial width and circumferential width of the yoke (30) at the portion facing the magnetic working material (11).
  • magnetic flux flows from the permanent magnet (21) on the first axial protrusion (33) side to the permanent magnet (21) on the second axial protrusion (43) side. This causes the magnetic working material (11) to which a magnetic field is applied to generate heat.
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) is rotated so that the pair of permanent magnets (21) face the adjacent magnetic working material (11) in the axial direction.
  • the magnetic working material (11) to which the magnetic field was first applied absorbs heat when the magnetic field is removed.
  • the adjacent magnetic working material (11) generates heat when the magnetic field is applied.
  • the rotation mechanism (15) constitutes a movement mechanism that moves the position of the permanent magnet (21) relative to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the rotation mechanism (15) applies or removes a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11) by moving the permanent magnet (21) relative to the magnetic working material (11).
  • Refrigeration equipment operation The basic operation of the refrigerator (1) will be described with reference to Fig. 1.
  • the refrigerator (1) alternately and repeatedly performs a heating operation and a cooling operation.
  • the cycle for switching between the heating operation and the cooling operation is set to, for example, about 0.1 to 1 second.
  • the pump (5) performs a first operation
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) performs a first magnetic field application operation. That is, in the heating operation, the heat medium is discharged from the first port (6a) of the pump (5). At the same time, a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the heat medium in the low-temperature side flow path (2a) flows into the temperature control flow path (10a) of the magnetic refrigeration device (10).
  • the refrigerator (1) during the first magnetic field application operation, heat is released from the magnetic working material (11) to the surrounding heat medium. Therefore, the heat medium flowing through the temperature control flow path (10a) is heated by the magnetic working material (11).
  • the heat medium heated in the temperature control flow path (10a) flows out into the high-temperature side flow path (2b) and flows through the high-temperature side heat exchanger (4).
  • a predetermined heating target e.g., secondary refrigerant, air, etc.
  • the heat medium in the high-temperature side flow path (2b) is sucked into the second chamber (S2) from the second port (6b) of the pump (5).
  • ⁇ Cooling operation> In the cooling operation, the pump (5) performs the second operation, and the magnetic field applying unit (20) performs the second magnetic field applying operation. That is, in the heating operation, the magnetic field of the magnetic working material (11) is removed at the same time as the heat medium is discharged from the second port (6b) of the pump (5).
  • the heat medium in the high-temperature side flow path (2b) flows into the temperature control flow path (10a) of the magnetic refrigeration device (10).
  • the magnetic working material (11) takes heat from its surroundings. Therefore, the heat medium flowing through the temperature control flow path (10a) is cooled by the magnetic working material (11).
  • the heat medium cooled in the temperature control flow path (10a) flows out into the low-temperature side flow path (2a) and flows through the low-temperature side heat exchanger (3).
  • a predetermined cooling target e.g., secondary refrigerant, air, etc.
  • the heat medium in the low-temperature side flow path (2a) is sucked into the first chamber (S1) from the first port (6a) of the pump (5).
  • a force field focusing member (13) is provided through which a force field passes more easily than through the solid refrigerant material (11), and the force field focusing member (13) is positioned such that the length of the force field focusing member (13) in a first direction in which the force field is applied by the force field application unit (20) is shorter than the length of the force field focusing member (13) in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the force field focusing member (13) is sandwiched between the solid refrigerant material (11) in the first direction.
  • the force field focusing member (13) divides the solid refrigerant material (11) into multiple layers in the container (12), thereby preventing the solid refrigerant material (11) from being unevenly positioned in the container (12).
  • the temperature of the fluid can be adjusted by circulating a heat transfer medium that exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant material (11) through each of the multiple layers.
  • the force field focusing member (13) is made of a soft magnetic material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material (11), thereby increasing the magnetic flux density in the magnetic working material (11) and making the magnetic flux density uniform.
  • the magnetic working material (11) can be heated or cooled by applying or removing a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the features of this embodiment provide a refrigerator (1) that includes a magnetic refrigeration device (10) and a heat medium circuit (2) that exchanges heat with the magnetic refrigeration device (10).
  • the magnetic working material (11) is stored in a container (12).
  • the container (12) is made of a soft magnetic material.
  • a plurality of containers (12) are arranged along a first direction in which a magnetic field is applied by the magnetic field application unit (20). In the example shown in FIG. 5, two containers (12) are arranged.
  • the two containers (12) are arranged with the walls of the containers (12) abutting against each other.
  • the walls of the containers (12) are made of a soft magnetic material, so the force field focusing member (13) is made of the wall of the adjacent container (12).
  • the wall of the container (12) can be used as the force field focusing member (13).
  • the magnetic refrigeration device (10) includes a magnetic working material (11), a magnetic field application unit (20), and a control unit (8).
  • the magnetic field application unit (20) has a permanent magnet (21), a yoke (30), a coil (50), and a power source (55).
  • the yoke (30) has a first core portion (31), a first radial protrusion (32), a first axial protrusion (33), a second core portion (41), a second radial protrusion (42), and a second axial protrusion (43).
  • the first radial protrusion (32) extends radially outward from the first core portion (31).
  • the first axial protrusion (33) extends downward from the tip of the first radial protrusion (32).
  • the second core portion (41) is disposed below the first core portion (31) in FIG. 6.
  • the second radial protrusion (42) extends radially outward from the second core portion (41).
  • the second radial protrusion (42) is provided at a position overlapping the first radial protrusion (32) when viewed from the axial direction.
  • the second axial protrusion (43) extends upward from the tip of the second radial protrusion (42).
  • a gap (27) is provided between the first axial protrusion (33) and the second axial protrusion (43) as a magnetic gap.
  • a magnetic working material (11) is placed in the gap (27).
  • the first axial protrusion (33) and the second axial protrusion (43) may be in close contact with a container (12) for the magnetic working material (11).
  • the permanent magnet (21) is disposed midway through the magnetic path formed by the yoke (30). Specifically, the permanent magnet (21) is disposed between the first core portion (31) and the second core portion (41).
  • the permanent magnet (21) is a magnet whose amount of magnetization can be changed.
  • Various magnets can be used for the permanent magnet (21).
  • rare earth magnets neodymium magnets
  • alnico magnets iron-nickel magnets
  • iron nitride magnets iron nitride magnets
  • samarium-cobalt magnets, etc. can be used for the permanent magnet (21).
  • the coil (50) generates a magnetic flux in the yoke (30) when electricity is passed through it.
  • the coil (50) is formed by winding a conductor around the yoke (30) in the vicinity of the permanent magnet (21).
  • a current is passed through the coil (50)
  • a magnetic field can be applied to the permanent magnet (21) via the yoke (30).
  • the power source (55) supplies current to the coil (50).
  • the power source (55) outputs a pulse current.
  • the power source (55) can change the direction of the current it outputs.
  • the power source (55) can switch between supplying and not supplying a pulse current to the coil (50) according to the control of the control unit (8).
  • the control unit (8) controls the current flow through the coil (50).
  • the control unit (8) applies or removes a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11) by turning on or off the current flow to the coil (50). Specifically, the amount of magnetization can be changed by applying a magnetic field to the permanent magnet (21) or removing the applied magnetic field.
  • the amount of magnetization of the permanent magnet (21) decreases.
  • the magnetic field applied to the magnetic working material (11) weakens.
  • the magnetic working material (11) absorbs heat.
  • the magnetization amount of the permanent magnet (21) is changed by passing a current through the coil (50) and applying a magnetic field to the permanent magnet (21) via the yoke (30), but this is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the permanent magnet (21) may not be provided on the yoke (30).
  • the current through the coil (50) may be turned on or off to generate a magnetic flux in the coil (50), thereby applying or removing a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the magnetic working material (11) can be heated or cooled by applying or removing a magnetic field to the magnetic working material (11).
  • a force field focusing member 13 is disposed within the container 12.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is made of a material through which a magnetic field passes more easily than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is a soft magnetic material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the thickness of the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is smaller than the ends in the second direction.
  • the force field focusing member (13) has an inclined shape such that the thickness of the force field focusing member (13) gradually decreases from the ends in the second direction toward the center. As a result, the magnetic field in the first direction is less likely to pass through the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction than the ends in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end portion in the second direction of the force field concentrating member (13) can be increased and made close to the force field density at the central portion.
  • a force field focusing member 13 is disposed within the container 12.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is made of a material through which a magnetic field passes more easily than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is a soft magnetic material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the thickness of the force field focusing member (13) at the center in the second direction is smaller than that at the ends in the second direction.
  • the force field focusing member (13) has an inclined shape such that the thickness of the force field focusing member (13) gradually decreases from the ends in the second direction toward the center.
  • a hole (25) penetrating in the first direction is formed in the center in the second direction of the force field focusing member (13).
  • the force field density at the end portion in the second direction of the force field concentrating member (13) can be increased and made close to the force field density at the central portion.
  • a force field focusing member 13 is disposed within the container 12.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is made of a material through which a magnetic field passes more easily than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is a soft magnetic material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the force field focusing member (13) has a plurality of holes (25) penetrating in the first direction and spaced apart in the second direction.
  • the inner diameter of the hole (25) formed in the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is larger than the inner diameter of the hole (25) formed at the end in the second direction.
  • the spacing between adjacent holes (25) in the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is smaller than the spacing between adjacent holes (25) at the ends in the second direction.
  • the force field density at the end portion in the second direction of the force field concentrating member (13) can be increased and made close to the force field density at the central portion.
  • the magnetic working material (11) is stored in a container (12).
  • the container (12) is made of a non-magnetic material.
  • a plurality of containers (12) are arranged along a first direction in which a magnetic field is applied by the magnetic field application unit (20).
  • two containers (12) are arranged.
  • a fillet portion (26) is provided at the corner of the container (12). Note that a chamfered portion may be provided at the corner of the container (12).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is disposed between the walls of adjacent containers (12). In addition, a portion of the force field focusing member (13) is also disposed in the gap between the fillet portions (26) of the adjacent containers (12).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is made of a material through which a magnetic field passes more easily than the magnetic working material (11).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is a soft magnetic material that has a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material (11).
  • the force field density at the end portion in the second direction can be increased and brought closer to the force field density at the center.
  • a temperature control flow path (10a) is provided in the container (12). Water as a heat medium flowing through the temperature control flow path (10a) exchanges heat with the magnetic working material (11).
  • a force field focusing member (13) is disposed within the container (12). Two force field focusing members (13) are disposed at an interval in the first direction.
  • the force field focusing members (13) divide the magnetic working material (11) within the container (12) into a plurality of layers.
  • the plurality of layers includes a first layer (61), a second layer (62), and a third layer (63).
  • the Curie temperature of the magnetic working material (11) in the first layer (61), the Curie temperature of the magnetic working material (11) in the second layer (62), and the Curie temperature of the magnetic working material (11) in the third layer (63) are different.
  • the force field focusing member (13) is provided with a flow path (28) for circulating the heat medium in the first direction.
  • the force field focusing member (13) separating the first layer (61) and the second layer (62) is provided with a flow path (28) at the right end in FIG. 11.
  • the force field focusing member (13) separating the second layer (62) and the third layer (63) is provided with a flow path (28) at the left end in FIG. 11.
  • the heat medium flows into the container (12) from the inlet side of the temperature control flow path (10a) that opens at the upper left in FIG. 11, and then flows in a zigzag pattern through the first layer (61), the second layer (62), and the third layer (63) in that order, and then flows out from the outlet side of the temperature control flow path (10a) that opens at the lower right in FIG. 11.
  • the heat transfer medium which exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant material (11) is caused to flow through the flow path (28) between the first layer (61) and the second layer (62), so that the temperature of the heat transfer medium can be gradually changed.
  • a temperature control flow path (10a) is provided in a container (12). Water as a heat medium flowing through the temperature control flow path (10a) exchanges heat with a magnetic working material (11).
  • a force field focusing member (13) is disposed within the container (12). Two force field focusing members (13) are disposed at an interval in the first direction.
  • the force field focusing members (13) divide the magnetic working material (11) within the container (12) into a plurality of layers.
  • the plurality of layers includes a first layer (61), a second layer (62), and a third layer (63).
  • the Curie temperature of the magnetic working material (11) in the first layer (61), the Curie temperature of the magnetic working material (11) in the second layer (62), and the Curie temperature of the magnetic working material (11) in the third layer (63) are different.
  • the force field focusing member (13) is provided with a flow path (28) that allows the heat medium to flow in the first direction.
  • the force field focusing member (13) is provided with a plurality of flow paths (28) that penetrate in the first direction and are spaced apart in the second direction (see also FIG. 13).
  • the heat medium flows into the container (12) from the inlet side of the temperature control flow path (10a) that opens at the upper left in FIG. 12, and then passes through the first layer (61), the second layer (62), and the third layer (63) in that order, and then flows out from the outlet side of the temperature control flow path (10a) that opens at the lower right in FIG. 12.
  • the flow path (28) provided in the force field focusing member (13) is not limited to this form.
  • only one flow path (28) may be provided in the center of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction.
  • a plurality of slit-shaped flow paths (28) extending in the depth direction of the container (12) may be provided at intervals in the second direction.
  • the shape of the container (12) is described as being approximately rectangular in plan view, but for example, the shape of the container (12) may be arc-shaped in plan view.
  • the heat transfer medium which exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant material (11), is caused to flow through the flow path (28) between the first layer (61) and the second layer (62), so that the temperature of the heat transfer medium can be gradually changed.
  • a force field focusing member 13 is disposed in the container 12.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is made of a material through which a magnetic field passes more easily than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the force field focusing member 13 is a soft magnetic material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnetic working material 11.
  • the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction is positioned more inward in the second direction than the end of the magnetic working material (11) in the second direction. Since the magnetic flux density is high at the end of the force field focusing member (13) in the second direction, the leakage magnetic flux on the outside of the magnetic working material (11) is attracted to the inside of the magnetic working material (11) (see the phantom line in Figure 16).
  • the force field directed outward from the end of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the second direction can be attracted toward the end of the force field concentrating member (13) in the second direction, thereby increasing the force field density at the end of the solid refrigerant material (11) in the second direction.
  • the refrigeration system (10) includes an electrocaloric material (11) serving as a solid refrigerant material having an electrocaloric effect, a force field concentrating member (13), and an electric field application unit (20) serving as a force field application unit.
  • the electric field application unit (20) applies an electric field to the electrocaloric material (11).
  • the electric field application unit (20) has a pair of electrodes (22) and a power source (55).
  • the electrocaloric material (11) is placed between the pair of electrodes (22).
  • the pair of electrodes (22) is connected to the power source (55).
  • the power source (55) outputs a pulse current as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the electrocaloric material (11) is stored in a container (12).
  • the container (12) is made of an insulator.
  • a force field focusing member (13) is disposed in the container (12).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is made of a material through which an electric field passes more easily than the electrocaloric material (11).
  • the force field focusing member (13) is a conductor having a higher electrical conductivity than the electrocaloric material (11).
  • the electric field application unit (20) generates or absorbs heat in the electrocaloric material (11) by inducing an electrocaloric effect in the electrocaloric material (11). Specifically, the electric field application unit (20) applies an electric field fluctuation to the electrocaloric material (11). This causes the electrocaloric material (11) to undergo a phase transition from a ferroelectric to a paraelectric, and the electrocaloric material (11) generates or absorbs heat.
  • the electric field application unit (20) may also be a type that induces a pressure caloric effect in the electrocaloric material (11). In this case, the electric field application unit (20) applies a pressure fluctuation to the electrocaloric material (11), causing the electrocaloric material (11) to undergo a phase transition and generate or absorb heat.
  • the electric field application unit (20) may also be a type that induces an elastic caloric effect in the electrocaloric material (11). In this case, the electric field application unit (20) applies a stress fluctuation to the electrocaloric material (11), causing the electrocaloric material (11) to undergo a phase transition and generate or absorb heat.
  • the electric flux density in the electrocaloric material (11) can be increased and made uniform.
  • a configuration has been described in which a permanent magnet (21) and a rotating mechanism (15) having a rotating shaft (16) and a motor (17) are used as a moving mechanism for moving the position of the permanent magnet (21), but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • a linear motion mechanism having a cylinder and a cylinder rod may be used as the moving mechanism to move the permanent magnet (21) relative to the magnetic working material (11).
  • the present disclosure is useful for refrigeration devices and freezers.
  • Refrigeration unit 2 Heat transfer medium circuit 8
  • Control unit 10 Magnetic refrigeration device (refrigeration device) 11 Magnetically active materials, electrocaloric materials (solid refrigerant materials) 12 container 13 force field focusing member 15 rotation mechanism (movement mechanism) 20 Magnetic field application unit, electric field application unit (force field application unit) 21 magnet 25 hole 26 fillet portion 28 flow passage 50 coil 61 first layer 62 second layer 63 third layer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention comprend un élément de focalisation de champ de force (13) à travers lequel un champ de force peut passer plus facilement qu'à travers une substance réfrigérante solide (11). La longueur de l'élément de focalisation de champ de force (13) dans une première direction dans laquelle le champ de force est appliqué par une section d'application de champ de force (20) est inférieure à sa longueur dans une seconde direction orthogonale à la première direction. L'élément de focalisation de champ de force (13) est disposé dans une position prise en sandwich par la substance réfrigérante solide (11) dans la première direction.
PCT/JP2023/033358 2022-09-28 2023-09-13 Dispositif de congélation et congélateur WO2024070690A1 (fr)

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JP2022154476A JP2024048521A (ja) 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 冷凍装置及び冷凍機
JP2022-154476 2022-09-28

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WO2024070690A1 true WO2024070690A1 (fr) 2024-04-04

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Citations (8)

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JP2012057823A (ja) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-22 Denso Corp 磁気冷凍材料を用いたマイクロチャネル熱交換器の製造方法
WO2012157708A1 (fr) * 2011-05-17 2012-11-22 日産自動車株式会社 Dispositif de refroidissement et de réchauffage magnétique
JP2014095535A (ja) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 磁気冷暖房装置
JP2014228216A (ja) * 2013-05-23 2014-12-08 日産自動車株式会社 磁気冷暖房装置
JP2015531049A (ja) * 2012-08-01 2015-10-29 クールテック・アプリケーションズ 鉄、シリコン、少なくとも１つのランタニドを含む合金を含む磁気熱量材料を含む一体型部品、およびその部品を製造するための方法
JP2016011799A (ja) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-21 株式会社フジクラ 磁気ヒートポンプ装置及び空気調和装置
JP2018190780A (ja) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-29 国立大学法人東北大学 熱電変換装置
JP2020046079A (ja) * 2018-09-14 2020-03-26 ダイキン工業株式会社 磁場印加装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012057823A (ja) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-22 Denso Corp 磁気冷凍材料を用いたマイクロチャネル熱交換器の製造方法
WO2012157708A1 (fr) * 2011-05-17 2012-11-22 日産自動車株式会社 Dispositif de refroidissement et de réchauffage magnétique
JP2015531049A (ja) * 2012-08-01 2015-10-29 クールテック・アプリケーションズ 鉄、シリコン、少なくとも１つのランタニドを含む合金を含む磁気熱量材料を含む一体型部品、およびその部品を製造するための方法
JP2014095535A (ja) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 磁気冷暖房装置
JP2014228216A (ja) * 2013-05-23 2014-12-08 日産自動車株式会社 磁気冷暖房装置
JP2016011799A (ja) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-21 株式会社フジクラ 磁気ヒートポンプ装置及び空気調和装置
JP2018190780A (ja) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-29 国立大学法人東北大学 熱電変換装置
JP2020046079A (ja) * 2018-09-14 2020-03-26 ダイキン工業株式会社 磁場印加装置

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