WO2024067453A1 - 一种耐紫外线、高韧性的pmma组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种耐紫外线、高韧性的pmma组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2024067453A1
WO2024067453A1 PCT/CN2023/120979 CN2023120979W WO2024067453A1 WO 2024067453 A1 WO2024067453 A1 WO 2024067453A1 CN 2023120979 W CN2023120979 W CN 2023120979W WO 2024067453 A1 WO2024067453 A1 WO 2024067453A1
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nano
toughening
toughness
resistant
pmma
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French (fr)
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杨金山
王林
陈平绪
叶南飚
付锦锋
吴俊�
刘学亮
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成都金发科技新材料有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
    • C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
    • C08L2207/53—Core-shell polymer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and more specifically to a PMMA composition with ultraviolet resistance and high toughness, and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • UVC LEDs for disinfection and sterilization.
  • UVC LED disinfection can prevent some germs from being spread through the air or on the surface of objects.
  • UVC LEDs in small electrical appliances involving air and water disinfection such as humidifiers, air conditioners, and pet waterers, is also gradually increasing.
  • PMMA is one of the thermoplastic materials with better weather resistance, but it is still difficult to meet the high weather resistance requirements of short-wave ultraviolet rays.
  • the notched impact strength of PMMA is poor and cannot meet the requirements of complex parts structures or assembly processes such as screwing (generally requiring notched impact strength ⁇ 5.5KJ/ m2 ).
  • the present invention provides a PMMA composition with UV resistance and high toughness.
  • a toughening agent with methyl methacrylate as a shell and silicone and acrylate as a core, and coordinating nano-silica as a toughening synergist By selecting a toughening agent with methyl methacrylate as a shell and silicone and acrylate as a core, and coordinating nano-silica as a toughening synergist, the toughening system formed effectively improves the toughness of the PMMA material.
  • a specific type of UV blocker is selected, which not only improves the weather resistance of the material, but also synergizes with the toughening system to further improve the toughness of the material.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the PMMA composition.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the PMMA composition.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a UV-resistant, high-toughness PMMA composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
  • the toughening agent is a toughening agent with methyl methacrylate as the shell and silicone-acrylate copolymer as the core, wherein the content of the silicone-acrylate copolymer is ⁇ 30wt.%;
  • the toughening synergist is nano silicon dioxide
  • the ultraviolet light blocking agent is nano barium sulfate and/or nano titanium dioxide.
  • the present invention adopts a core-shell toughener, which has methyl methacrylate as a shell and a silicone-acrylate copolymer as a core, has good compatibility with PMMA resin, and can be evenly dispersed in the PMMA system.
  • a core-shell toughener which has methyl methacrylate as a shell and a silicone-acrylate copolymer as a core, has good compatibility with PMMA resin, and can be evenly dispersed in the PMMA system.
  • there are -Si-O- bonds with good flexibility and thermal stability in the silicone which can form multiple obvious cavities in the PMMA matrix.
  • the inventors have found that there are acrylate "balls" in these cavities, which are evenly dispersed and uniform in size, forming a "core" in a core-shell structure.
  • the core of the toughener When subjected to external force, the core of the toughener acts as a stress concentration point, absorbs and dissipates energy, and plays a role in generating silver streaks and preventing the further development of cracks, thereby improving the toughness of the material.
  • the core-shell toughener of the present invention does not contain carbon-carbon double bonds, and when irradiated by UVC, it is not easy to cause yellowing due to the breakage of carbon-carbon double bonds.
  • the content of the core in the toughening agent cannot be too low.
  • the core content is less than 30 wt.%, effective toughening effect cannot be achieved.
  • the content of silicone and acrylate in the toughening agent is 35-50 wt.%.
  • Nano-silicon dioxide can play a certain role in enriching the core-shell structure, thereby further enhancing and stabilizing the structural stability of the toughening agent, that is, nano-silicon dioxide can play a synergistic toughening effect and further improve the toughness of the PMMA composition.
  • Nano-barium sulfate and/or nano-titanium dioxide can play a role in absorbing and blocking ultraviolet rays, reducing the negative impact of ultraviolet rays on the PMMA composition to a certain extent.
  • nano-barium sulfate and nano-titanium dioxide can also play a nucleating role, further strengthening the toughening system and forming a synergistic effect.
  • the average particle size of the nano-silicon dioxide is ⁇ 16 nm.
  • the average particle size of the nano-silicon dioxide is 7 to 12 nm.
  • the average particle size of nano-silica should be within an appropriate range.
  • the synergistic effect with the silicone-acrylate copolymer component in the toughening agent is limited, making it difficult to synergistically improve the toughness of the PMMA composition and may also destroy the nucleation toughening effect of the toughening agent.
  • the average particle size of the ultraviolet blocking agent is ⁇ 100 nm.
  • the average particle size of the ultraviolet blocker is 20 to 60 nm.
  • the ultraviolet light blocking agent is a mixture of nano-barium sulfate and nano-titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 1:1-9.
  • Both nano barium sulfate and nano titanium dioxide are spherical structures, which have little effect on the mechanical properties of the material.
  • the particle size is small and the activity is high. It can reflect and scatter ultraviolet rays, and absorb ultraviolet rays, so it has a stronger blocking ability against ultraviolet rays. Its comprehensive performance is far better than that of the filling powder with a sheet structure.
  • the chemical and physical stability of the ultraviolet blocker used in the present invention is far better than that of organic ultraviolet absorbers, and is also better than other inorganic nanoparticles, such as nano calcium carbonate, nano zinc oxide, etc.
  • nano titanium dioxide also has coloring ability and has good color surface covering power.
  • the melt flow rate of the PMMA resin at 230° C. and 3.8 kg is 2 to 8 g/10 min.
  • the melt flow rate is tested according to ISO 1133-2011 standard method.
  • the antioxidant is one or more of hindered phenols, phosphites, and thio antioxidants.
  • the lubricant is a PETS lubricant.
  • the PETS lubricant has a high temperature resistance effect, and can make the PMMA composition of the present invention have better weather resistance.
  • the present invention also protects a method for preparing the above-mentioned UV-resistant, high-toughness PMMA composition, comprising the following steps:
  • the PMMA resin, toughening agent, toughening synergist, UV blocker, lubricant and antioxidant are mixed and added to an extruder, and then melt-mixed, extruded and granulated to obtain the PMMA composition with UV resistance and high toughness.
  • the extruder is a twin-screw extruder
  • the head temperature is 210-230°C
  • the body barrel temperature is 220-230°C.
  • the present invention also protects the use of the above-mentioned UV-resistant and high-toughness PMMA composition in the preparation of a humidifier, an air-conditioning housing, and a pet water feeder.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention develops a PMMA composition that is UV-resistant and highly tough.
  • a toughening agent with methyl methacrylate as a shell and silicone and acrylate as a core, and coordinating nano-silicon dioxide as a toughening synergist
  • the toughening system formed effectively improves the toughness of the PMMA material.
  • a specific type of UV blocker is selected, which not only improves the weather resistance of the material, but also cooperates with the toughening system to further improve the toughness of the material.
  • the raw materials in the embodiments and comparative examples can be obtained from commercial sources;
  • PMMA resin-1 Chimei CM-205 from Taiwan, China, with a melt flow rate of 2 g/cm 3 at 230°C and 3.8 kg;
  • PMMA resin-2 Chimei CM-207 from Taiwan, China, with a melt flow rate of 8 g/cm 3 at 230°C and 3.8 kg;
  • Toughener-1 Mitsubishi Rayon, S-2030, methyl methacrylate as shell, silicone-acrylate copolymer as core, core content is 30wt.%;
  • Toughener-2 Wenzhou Longou Plastic Technology, SL-1050, methyl methacrylate as shell, silicone-acrylate copolymer as core, core content is 50wt.%;
  • Toughener-3 Shenzhen Pas New Materials, S203, methyl methacrylate as shell, silicone-acrylate copolymer as core, core content of 35wt.%;
  • UV blocker-1 Deco Island gold, nano barium sulfate, average particle size 60nm;
  • UV blocker-2 Zhongke Jinyan, nano barium sulfate, average particle size is 50nm;
  • UV blocker-3 Evonik Degussa
  • AEROXIDE P25 nano titanium dioxide, average particle size 21nm
  • UV blocker-4 Zhejiang Zhitai Nano, VK-T25Q, nano titanium dioxide, average particle size 30nm;
  • Antioxidant antioxidant 168, commercially available
  • Lubricant PETS type lubricant, commercially available.
  • Toughener-4 Wenzhou Longou Plastic Technology, SL-1020, methyl methacrylate as shell, silicone-acrylate copolymer as core, core content is 20wt.%;
  • ACR commercially available, acrylic toughening agent
  • MBS commercially available, methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene toughening agent
  • Nano zinc oxide with an average particle size of 30 nm, is commercially available;
  • UV absorber UV-531, commercially available
  • the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the present technical field.
  • Examples 1 to 17 provide a PMMA composition, respectively, the component contents are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is as follows:
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 7 provide a PMMA composition, respectively, the component contents are shown in Table 2, and the preparation methods are as follows:
  • Izod notched impact strength According to ISO 180-2000 test standard, the test conditions are 23°C and 2mm injection notch;
  • UV color difference resistance Use a UVC-LED disinfection lamp (30W, 254nm wavelength) to irradiate the PMMA test specimens molded with the PMMA composition at a vertical distance of 10cm for 40 hours, and detect the color difference before and after UVC-LED irradiation according to the CIE 1976L*a*b* standard.
  • test results of the embodiments are shown in Table 3, and the test results of the comparative examples are shown in Table 4.
  • the PMMA compositions prepared in various embodiments of the present invention have high toughness, a notched Izod impact strength of ⁇ 5.6 KJ/m 2 , and a UV resistance color difference of ⁇ 2.0.
  • the toughening agent with methyl methacrylate as the shell and silicone-acrylate copolymer as the core, and the core content ⁇ 30wt.% can well toughen the PMMA material.
  • the toughening agent used in Comparative Example 1 is also methyl methacrylate as the shell and silicone-acrylate copolymer as the core.
  • -Acrylate copolymer is a toughening agent for the core, but the core content is too low, and the Izod notch impact strength of the PMMA composition is 5.4KJ/m 2 , which cannot meet the requirements of complex parts structure or assembly processes such as screwing.
  • the toughening agents used in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are non-core-shell toughening agents, specifically ACR and MBS. Although they can improve the toughness of the PMMA composition to a certain extent, they will cause the PMMA composition to have very poor UV resistance, and the color difference under UVC-LED disinfection lamp is as high as 4.76 and 7.88.
  • the average particle size of nano-silicon dioxide is ⁇ 16 nm, and it can play a good synergistic role with the core-shell structure toughening agent.
  • the average particle size of nano-silicon dioxide is 7-12 nm, the synergistic effect with the toughening agent is better, and the toughness of the PMMA composition obtained is higher.
  • Comparative Example 4 there is no toughening synergist, and the system toughness of the PMMA composition is poor.
  • nano barium sulfate and nano titanium dioxide are used as UV blockers to improve the UV resistance of the PMMA composition and reduce the color difference after UV irradiation.
  • no UV blocker is included
  • Comparative Example 6 an organic UV absorber is used to replace the UV blocker of the present invention
  • Comparative Example 7 nano zinc oxide is used to replace the UV blocker of the present invention, but good UV resistance cannot be achieved.
  • the ultraviolet blocker used in Examples 10 to 13 is a mixture of nano-barium sulfate and nano-titanium dioxide. It can be seen that compared with Examples 1 and 6 to 8, the use of the compounded ultraviolet blocker can achieve lower ultraviolet resistance color difference.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明的PMMA组合物，包括如下重量份的组分：PMMA树脂75～85份，增韧剂15～25份，增韧协效剂0.1～0.5份，紫外线阻隔剂0.5～3份，抗氧剂0～0.5份，润滑剂0～1份；所述增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅和丙烯酸酯为核的增韧剂，核含量≥30wt.％；增韧协效剂为纳米二氧化硅；紫外线阻隔剂为纳米硫酸钡和/或纳米二氧化钛。通过选择特定种类增韧剂，协同纳米二氧化硅，形成的增韧体系有效改善了材料的韧性，同时选择特定种类的紫外线阻隔剂，既提高了材料的耐候性能，又与增韧体系协同作用进一步改善了材料韧性。

Description

一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，更具体的，涉及一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着市场需求的多样化发展，LED行业出现了新亮点，其中，紫外线杀菌灯市场迅速崛起。紫外线杀菌灯采用UVC LED消毒杀菌，在医院、学校、托儿所、电影院、公交车、办公室等公共场合，经UVC LED消毒，可避免一些病菌经空气传播或经物体表面传播。此外，UVC LED在加湿器、空调器、宠物喂水器等涉及空气及水杀毒处理的小型电器上使用也逐渐增多。
然而，传统的电器壳体材料如ABS、PC/ABS、ASA材料的耐候性较差，在短波长紫外线的作用下，极易出现色差。PMMA材料是热塑性材料中耐候性能较好的材料之一，仍难以满足耐短波紫外线的高耐候要求。此外，PMMA材料的缺口冲击强度较差，无法满足复杂的制件结构或打螺钉等装配工序的要求(一般要求缺口冲击强度≥5.5KJ/m2)。
因此，需要开发出一种更耐紫外线，且高韧性的PMMA组合物。
发明内容
本发明为克服上述现有技术所述的耐候性差、韧性差的缺陷，提供一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，通过选择以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅和丙烯酸酯为核的增韧剂，协同纳米二氧化硅作为增韧协效剂，形成的增韧体系有效改善了PMMA材料的韧性，同时选择特定种类的紫外线阻隔剂，既提高了材料的耐候性能，又与增韧体系协同作用进一步改善了材料韧性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述PMMA组合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述PMMA组合物的应用。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，包括如下重量份的组分：
PMMA树脂75～85份，
增韧剂15～25份，
增韧协效剂0.1～0.5份，
紫外线阻隔剂0.5～3份，
抗氧剂0～0.5份，
润滑剂0～1份；
所述增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核的增韧剂，其中有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物的含量≥30wt.％；
所述增韧协效剂为纳米二氧化硅；
所述紫外线阻隔剂为纳米硫酸钡和/或纳米二氧化钛。
本发明采用核壳型增韧剂，增韧剂以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核，与PMMA树脂具有良好的相容性，增韧剂可以均匀分散在PMMA体系中。其中有机硅中存在柔顺性、热稳定良好的-Si-O-键，能够在PMMA基体中形成多个明显的空洞。发明人研究发现这些空洞中存在丙烯酸酯“小球”，小球分散均匀、大小均一，形成核壳结构中的“核”。在受到外力作用时，增韧剂的核作为应力集中点，吸收能量和耗散能量，并起到产生银纹和阻断裂纹进一步发展的作用，提高材料韧性。而且，本发明的核壳型增韧剂中不含碳碳双键，当UVC照射时，不易因碳碳双键断裂而导致黄变。
在本发明的PMMA组合物中，增韧剂中核的含量不能过低，核含量小于30wt.％的情况下，无法起到有效的增韧效果。
优选地，所述增韧剂中有机硅和丙烯酸酯的含量为35～50wt.％。
本发明使用纳米二氧化硅作为增韧协效剂，纳米二氧化硅可以在核壳结构中起到一定的充实作用，从而进一步增强和稳定增韧剂的结构稳定性，即纳米二氧化硅可以起到协效增韧的效果，进一步提高PMMA组合物的韧性。
纳米硫酸钡和/或纳米二氧化钛作为无机材料，可以起到紫外线吸收阻隔的作用，一定程度上降低紫外线对于PMMA组合物的负面影响，同时，纳米硫酸钡与纳米二氧化钛还可以起到成核作用，对增韧体系进一步补强，形成协同效应。
优选地，所述纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径≤16nm。
更优选地，所述纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径为7～12nm。
纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径应在适宜的范围，当纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径较大时，与增韧剂中的有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物组分的协同作用有限，难以协效改善PMMA组合物的韧性，还有可能会破坏增韧剂的成核增韧作用。
优选地，所述紫外线阻隔剂的平均粒径≤100nm。
更优选地，所述紫外线阻隔剂的平均粒径20～60nm。
当紫外线阻隔剂的粒径过大时，其对紫外线射线的散射作用会下降，且会影响材料的韧性，造成韧性下降。
优选地，所述紫外线阻隔剂为纳米硫酸钡和纳米二氧化钛按照质量比1∶1～9的混合物。
纳米硫酸钡以及纳米二氧化钛都为球型结构，对材料的力学性能影响很小。同时粒径小，活性大，既能反射、散射紫外线，又能吸收紫外线，从而对紫外线有更强的阻隔能力，其综合表现远优于片状结构的填充粉体。本发明采用的紫外线阻隔剂的化学与物理稳定性远远优于有机紫外线吸收剂，也优于其它无机纳米粒子，如纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化锌等。同时，纳米二氧化钛还具备着色能力，具备良好的颜色表面遮盖力。
此外，发明人研究发现，虽然市面上常用的有机耐候剂(如受阻胺类光稳定剂、苯丙三唑类紫外线吸收剂)也可以改善材料耐候性能，但均只能对波长280nm以上起作用，对于在UV-C照射下很容易失去其效能。
优选地，所述PMMA树脂在230℃、3.8kg条件下的熔体流动速率为2～8g/10min。
熔体流动速率按照ISO 1133-2011标准方法进行测试。
可选地，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类、亚磷酸酯类、硫代类抗氧剂中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述润滑剂为PETS类润滑剂。
PETS类润滑剂具有耐高温的效果，可以使本发明的PMMA组合物具有更优的耐候性能。
本发明还保护上述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将PMMA树脂、增韧剂、增韧协效剂、紫外线阻隔剂、润滑剂和抗氧剂混合后加至挤出机，经熔融混合、挤出造粒，得到所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物。
优选地，所述挤出机为双螺杆挤出机，机头温度为210～230℃，机身螺筒温度为220～230℃。
本发明还保护上述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物在制备加湿器、空调壳体、宠物喂水器中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明开发了一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，通过选择以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅和丙烯酸酯为核的增韧剂，协同纳米二氧化硅作为增韧协效剂，形成的增韧体系有效改善了PMMA材料的韧性，同时选择特定种类的紫外线阻隔剂，既提高了材料的耐候性能，又与增韧体系协同作用进一步改善了材料韧性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例及对比例中的原料均可通过市售得到；
PMMA树脂-1，中国台湾奇美CM-205，在230℃、3.8kg条件下的熔体流动速率为2g/cm3；
PMMA树脂-2，中国台湾奇美CM-207，在230℃、3.8kg条件下的熔体流动速率为8g/cm3；
增韧剂-1，日本三菱丽阳，S-2030，甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核，核含量为30wt.％；
增韧剂-2，温州龙瓯塑料科技，SL-1050，甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核，核含量为50wt.％；
增韧剂-3，深圳帕斯新材料，S203，甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核，核含量为35wt.％；
增韧协效剂-1，赢创德固萨，R974，纳米二氧化硅，平均粒径为12nm；
增韧协效剂-2，赢创德固萨，R974，纳米二氧化硅，平均粒径为16nm；
增韧协效剂-3，日本德山，QS-40，纳米二氧化硅，平均粒径为7nm；
紫外线阻隔剂-1，德科岛金，纳米硫酸钡，平均粒径为60nm；
紫外线阻隔剂-2，中科金研，纳米硫酸钡，平均粒径为50nm；
紫外线阻隔剂-3，赢创德固萨，AEROXIDE P25，纳米二氧化钛，平均粒径为21nm；
紫外线阻隔剂-4，浙江智泰纳米，VK-T25Q，纳米二氧化钛，平均粒径为30nm；
抗氧剂，抗氧剂168，市售；
润滑剂，PETS类润滑剂，市售。
增韧剂-4，温州龙瓯塑料科技，SL-1020，甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核，核含量为20wt.％；
ACR，市售，丙烯酸酯类增韧剂；
MBS，市售，甲基丙烯酸甲酯丁二烯苯乙烯类增韧剂；
纳米氧化锌，平均粒径为30nm，市售；
紫外线吸收剂，UV-531，市售；
除非特别说明，本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
实施例1～17
实施例1～17分别提供一种PMMA组合物，组分含量见表1，制备方法如下：
按照表1将所有组分混合后加至双螺杆挤出机，机头温度为215℃，机身螺筒温度为225℃，经熔融混合、挤出造粒，得到PMMA组合物。
表1实施例1～17PMMA组合物的组分含量(重量份)


对比例1～7
对比例1～7分别提供一种PMMA组合物，组分含量见表2，制备方法如下：
按照表2将所有组分混合后加至双螺杆挤出机，机头温度为215℃，机身螺筒温度为225℃，经熔融混合、挤出造粒，得到PMMA组合物。
表2对比例1～7PMMA组合物的组分含量(重量份)
性能测试
对上述实施例和对比例制得的PMMA组合物进行性能测试，具体方法如下：
悬臂梁缺口冲击强度：按照ISO 180-2000测试标准，测试条件为23℃、2mm注塑缺口；
耐紫外线色差：使用UVC-LED杀毒灯(30W，254nm波长)，以10cm垂直距离照射PMMA组合物注塑的PMMA测试样板40小时，以CIE 1976L*a*b*标准检测UVC-LED照射前后的色差。
实施例的测试结果见表3，对比例的测试结果见表4。
表3实施例的测试结果
表4对比例的测试结果
根据表3的测试结果，本发明各实施例所制备的PMMA组合物均具有高韧性，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度≥5.6KJ/m2，耐紫外线色差≤2.0。
由实施例1～3，采用甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚物为核的增韧剂，且核含量≥30wt.％时，均可以对PMMA材料良好增韧，核含量越高，PMMA组合物的韧性越优。对比例1中使用的增韧剂也是甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅 -丙烯酸酯共聚物为核的增韧剂，但核含量占比过低，PMMA组合物的悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为5.4KJ/m2，不能满足复杂的制件结构或打螺钉等装配工序的要求。对比例2、对比例3中使用的增韧剂为非核壳结构的增韧剂，具体是ACR和MBS，虽然可以一定程度上改善PMMA组合物的韧性，但会造成PMMA组合物耐紫外线性能非常差，经UVC-LED杀毒灯色差高达4.76、7.88。
由实施例1、4、5，纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径≤16nm，均可以与核壳结构增韧剂起到良好协效作用，纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径为7～12nm时，与增韧剂的协同作用更好，制得的PMMA组合物的韧性更高。而对比例4中不含增韧协效剂，PMMA组合物的体系韧性较差。
由实施例1、6～13，以纳米硫酸钡、纳米二氧化钛作为紫外线阻隔剂，可以提高PMMA组合物的耐紫外线性能，降低经紫外线照射后的色差。而对比例5中不含紫外线阻隔剂，对比例6中采用有机紫外线吸收剂替换本发明的紫外线阻隔剂，对比例7中采用纳米氧化锌替换本发明的紫外线阻隔剂，均不能实现良好的耐紫外线性能。
实施例10～13采用的紫外线阻隔剂为纳米硫酸钡、纳米二氧化钛的混合物，可以看出，相比于实施例1、6～8，采用复配的紫外线阻隔剂可以实现更低的耐紫外线色差。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，包括如下重量份的组分：
    PMMA树脂75～85份，
    增韧剂15～25份，
    增韧协效剂0.1～0.5份，
    紫外线阻隔剂0.5～3份，
    抗氧剂0～0.5份，
    润滑剂0～1份；
    所述增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳、有机硅和丙烯酸酯为核的增韧剂，其中有机硅和丙烯酸酯的含量≥30wt.％；
    所述增韧协效剂为纳米二氧化硅；
    所述紫外线阻隔剂为纳米硫酸钡和/或纳米二氧化钛。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，所述纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径≤16nm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，所述纳米二氧化硅的平均粒径为7～12nm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，所述紫外线阻隔剂的平均粒径≤100nm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，所述紫外线阻隔剂为纳米硫酸钡和纳米二氧化钛质量比1∶1～9的混合物。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，所述增韧剂中有机硅和丙烯酸酯的含量为35～50wt.％。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物，其特征在于，所述PMMA树脂在230℃、3.8kg条件下的熔体流动速率为2～8g/10min。
  8. 权利要求1～7任一项所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    将PMMA树脂、增韧剂、增韧协效剂、紫外线阻隔剂、润滑剂和抗氧剂混合后加至挤出机，经熔融混合、挤出造粒，得到所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述制备方法，其特征在于，所述挤出机为双螺杆挤出机，机头温度为210～230℃，机身螺筒温度为220～230℃。
  10. 权利要求1～7任一项所述耐紫外线、高韧性的PMMA组合物在制备加湿器、空调壳体、宠物喂水器中的应用。
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