WO2024059995A1 - 电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024059995A1
WO2024059995A1 PCT/CN2022/119797 CN2022119797W WO2024059995A1 WO 2024059995 A1 WO2024059995 A1 WO 2024059995A1 CN 2022119797 W CN2022119797 W CN 2022119797W WO 2024059995 A1 WO2024059995 A1 WO 2024059995A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
accommodation cavity
box
cavity
accommodation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/119797
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘瑞堤
吴友鑫
王增忠
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280005883.8A priority Critical patent/CN116583991A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/119797 priority patent/WO2024059995A1/zh
Priority to CN202223210239.0U priority patent/CN219436019U/zh
Publication of WO2024059995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024059995A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery and an electrical device.
  • Batteries are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, battery cars, electric cars, electric planes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy planes, electric tools, etc.
  • the battery cells may include cadmium-nickel battery cells, nickel-hydrogen battery cells, lithium-ion battery cells, secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery cells, etc.
  • This application provides a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • a battery provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes a box, a battery cell, and an electrical component; the box has a first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity that are isolated from each other; and the battery cell is accommodated in the first accommodation cavity. Inside; the electrical components are accommodated in the second accommodation cavity and are electrically connected to the battery cells; the box also has an access port and an access cover, and the access port communicates with the second accommodation cavity and the outside of the box body, and the access cover is closed At the maintenance entrance.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application is isolated from each other by providing a first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity, and the battery cells are accommodated in the first accommodation cavity, and the electrical components are accommodated in the second accommodation cavity.
  • the access port of the box communicates with the second accommodation cavity and the outside of the box, and the access cover is closed on the access port. During the maintenance process of the electrical components in the second accommodation cavity, the access cover is opened and the electrical components are inspected through the access opening.
  • the first accommodation cavity can still maintain good sealing performance, and it is difficult for external air and other impurities to enter the first accommodating cavity through the access port and the second accommodating cavity, thereby reducing corrosion of the battery cells in the first accommodating cavity, which is beneficial to Improve battery safety performance.
  • the battery further includes a battery management system unit.
  • the battery management system unit is accommodated in the second accommodation cavity and is electrically connected to the battery cells.
  • the battery management system unit is used for information exchange with the battery cells.
  • the battery management system unit also needs to be inspected or repaired in a timely manner.
  • the first accommodation can still be maintained during the inspection or repair of the battery management system unit.
  • the sealing performance of the cavity reduces the possibility that water, dust and other impurities in the outside air will enter the first accommodation cavity and corrode the battery cells, further improving the working safety of the battery.
  • the electrical component includes at least one of a relay, a fuse, and a sensor. In this way, the electrical components can be configured with related components as needed to ensure the normal operation of the electrical components.
  • the box body includes a first box body part and a second box body part, and the first box body part covers the second box body part along a first direction to form a first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity.
  • the second accommodating cavity is located on the side of the first accommodating cavity along the second direction, and is arranged side by side with the first accommodating cavity, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.
  • the first accommodation cavity accommodates more battery cells, and is conducive to rationally arranging the shape of the battery and its position in the electrical device as needed.
  • the box body includes a first box body part and a second box body part, and the first box body part covers the second box body part along a first direction to form a first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity.
  • the second accommodation cavity is located at the end of the box along the second direction and the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction intersect each other.
  • the second accommodating cavity is provided at the end of the first accommodating cavity along the second direction and the third direction. According to the volume of the electrical components in the second accommodating cavity, the second accommodating cavity can be reasonably distributed along the second direction and the third direction respectively.
  • the size of the first accommodating cavity and the corresponding position of the second accommodating cavity should be of appropriate size, so as to rationally utilize the space of the first accommodating cavity and enable the first accommodating cavity to accommodate more battery cells. In this way, it is beneficial to Improve battery energy density.
  • the box body includes a first box body part and a second box body part, and the first box body part covers the second box body part along a first direction to form a first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity.
  • the second accommodating cavity is located on one side of the first accommodating cavity along the first direction, and the orthographic projection of the second accommodating cavity along the first direction is located within the orthographic projection of the first accommodating cavity along the first direction, and the first direction and the second accommodating cavity are The two directions intersect.
  • the first accommodating cavities can be regularly arranged along the second and third directions. The existence of the second accommodating cavities will not affect the shape and size of the first accommodating cavities along the second and third directions. In this way, the first accommodating cavities can be reasonably arranged as needed. Set the size and shape of the first receiving cavity.
  • the box has a partition for isolating the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber;
  • the battery also includes a first connection terminal, the first connection terminal is provided on the partition, and the first connection terminal is for Electrically connect battery cells and electrical components.
  • the battery further includes a battery management system unit.
  • the battery management system unit is accommodated in the second accommodation cavity and is electrically connected to the battery cells.
  • the battery management system unit is used for information exchange with the battery cells;
  • the battery further includes
  • the second connection terminal is provided on the partition, and the second connection terminal is used to electrically connect the battery cell and the battery management system unit.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, including a battery as in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the electric device provided according to the embodiment of the present application uses the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application, and therefore has the same technical effect, which will not be described again here.
  • the electrical device includes a car body, the second accommodation cavity is located below the car body along the direction of gravity, and the access cover is adjacent to the car body and disposed toward one side of the car body. In this way, it is convenient for the operator to operate the electrical components in the second accommodating cavity in the car body, and it is helpful to reduce the difficulty of repairing the electrical components in the second accommodating cavity.
  • the second accommodation cavity is located between the car body and the first accommodation cavity. It is conducive to rationally utilizing the space of the electrical device along the direction of gravity to arrange the first accommodation cavity and the second accommodation cavity, thereby improving the compactness of each structure in the electrical device.
  • At least part of the second accommodation cavity is located inside the car body.
  • the unused space inside the car body can be used to accommodate at least part of the second accommodation space.
  • the access cover can be easily opened in the car body and the second accommodation cavity can be accessed.
  • the electrical components in the second accommodation space can be inspected and repaired, thereby improving the convenience of inspecting the electrical components in the second accommodation space.
  • the electrical device includes a movable component, the movable component is located above the second accommodation cavity and covers the access cover, and the movable component is movably installed in the car body.
  • the movable parts can be moved, and the electrical components can be easily inspected. In this way, it is helpful to further improve the convenience of maintenance operations on the electrical components in the second accommodation cavity.
  • the movable part includes a seat, and the seat is movably mounted on the compartment.
  • the space under the seat can be used to accommodate at least part of the second accommodation cavity, which is conducive to the rational use of the space in the compartment, and when the electrical component needs to be repaired, the seat can be removed to facilitate the repair, which is conducive to improving the convenience of the electrical component repair operation.
  • the car body includes a cab, and the seat is installed in the cab.
  • the seat is installed in the cab.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application with some mechanisms omitted;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module in a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device provided by an embodiment of the present application with part of the structure omitted;
  • FIG. 12 is another structural schematic diagram of an electrical device provided by an embodiment of the present application, with part of the structure omitted.
  • Vehicle 1a, motor; 1b, controller;
  • X first direction
  • Y second direction
  • Z third direction
  • G direction of gravity
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector;
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collecting part and a positive electrode convex part protruding from the positive electrode current collecting part, and the positive electrode current collecting part
  • the positive electrode convex part is coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and at least part of the positive electrode convex part is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode convex part serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collecting part and a negative electrode convex part protruding from the negative electrode current collecting part, and the negative electrode current collecting part
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the negative electrode active material layer, and at least part of the negative electrode protruding part is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode protruding part serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the separator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the battery has a power distribution box, which contains electrical components.
  • the electrical components usually include relays, fuses, current sensors, precharge resistors and other components.
  • the battery is connected to the electrical device through the power distribution box to rationalize the battery's power. Distributed to various electrical devices such as motor controllers, car heaters, and air conditioning compressors. When the battery is working, the electrical components in the power distribution box are prone to failure, and the electrical components in the power distribution box need to be repaired in time.
  • the inventor has improved the structure of the battery.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to battery cells, batteries containing battery cells, and electrical devices using batteries.
  • the battery provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a box, a battery cell, and electrical components.
  • the box has a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity that are isolated from each other, and the battery cells are accommodated in the first accommodating cavity.
  • the electrical components are accommodated in the second accommodation cavity and are electrically connected to the battery cells.
  • the box body also has an access port and an access cover. The access port communicates with the second accommodation cavity and the outside of the box body, and the access cover is closed with the access port.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application is isolated from each other by providing a first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity, and the battery cells are accommodated in the first accommodation cavity, and the electrical components are accommodated in the second accommodation cavity.
  • the access port of the box communicates with the second accommodation cavity and the outside of the box, and the access cover is closed on the access port. During the maintenance process of the electrical components in the second accommodation cavity, the access cover is opened and the electrical components are inspected through the access opening.
  • the first accommodation cavity can still maintain good sealing performance, and it is difficult for external air and other impurities to enter the first accommodating cavity through the access port and the second accommodating cavity, thereby reducing the risk of corrosion to the battery cells in the first accommodating cavity. It is helpful to ensure the safety performance of the battery.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • the following embodiments take the electrical device as a vehicle as an example.
  • a battery 10 is provided inside the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may be disposed at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 1b and a motor 1a.
  • the controller 1b is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 1a, for example, for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1 when driving.
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 includes battery cells (not shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the battery 10 may also include a case for housing the battery cells.
  • the box 11 is used to accommodate battery cells, and the box 11 can have various structural forms.
  • the box body 11 may include a first box body part 111 and a second box body part 112 .
  • the first box part 111 and the second box part 112 cover each other.
  • the first box part 111 and the second box part 112 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating battery cells.
  • the second box part 112 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box part 111 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first box part 111 covers the open side of the second box part 112 to form a container with a receiving space.
  • the box 11; the first box part 111 and the second box part 112 may also be hollow structures with one side open.
  • the open side of the first box part 111 is covered with the open side of the second box part 112 to form the box 11 having an accommodation space.
  • the first box part 111 and the second box part 112 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • a sealing member such as sealant, sealing ring, etc., may be provided between the first box part 111 and the second box part 112 .
  • the first box part 111 can also be called an upper box cover, and the second box part 112 can also be called a lower box.
  • the battery 10 there may be one battery cell or a plurality of battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed. Hybrid connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, parallel, or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells can be accommodated in the box 11 . Alternatively, multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed.
  • the battery module 20 is formed. A plurality of battery modules 20 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole body, and are accommodated in the box 11 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module 20 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the battery module 20 has a plurality of battery cells 30 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 30 are first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery module 20 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 20 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole body, and are accommodated in the box 11 .
  • the plurality of battery cells 30 in the battery module 20 can be electrically connected through a bus component to realize parallel, series or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells 30 in the battery module 20 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell 30 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the battery cell 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly 32 and a casing 31.
  • the casing 31 has an accommodation cavity, and the electrode assembly 32 is accommodated in the accommodation cavity.
  • the housing 31 may include a housing 311 and an end cover 312.
  • the housing 311 is a hollow structure with an opening 311a on one side.
  • the end cover 312 covers the opening 311a of the housing 311 and forms a sealed connection.
  • a sealed space is formed for accommodating the electrode assembly 32 and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly 32 When assembling the battery cell 30, the electrode assembly 32 can be first placed into the case 311, and then the end cap 312 is closed to the opening of the case 311, and then the electrolyte is injected into the case through the electrolyte injection port on the end cap 312. Within 311.
  • housing 31 may also be used to contain an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.
  • the housing 31 can have various structural forms.
  • the shell 311 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the shape of the shell 311 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 32. For example, if the electrode assembly 32 is a cylindrical structure, the shell 311 can be selected as a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 32 is a cuboid structure, the shell 311 can be selected as a cuboid structure. In FIG. 4, illustratively, the shell 311 and the electrode assembly 32 are both cuboid structures.
  • the housing 311 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Electrodes assemblies 32 There may be one or more electrode assemblies 32 housed in the housing 311. In Fig. 4, there are two electrode assemblies 32 housed in the housing 311.
  • the battery 10 provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a box 11, a battery cell 30 and an electrical component 40.
  • the box 11 has a first accommodation cavity 11a and a second accommodation cavity 11b that are isolated from each other, and the battery cells 30 are accommodated in the first accommodation cavity 11a.
  • the electrical component 40 is accommodated in the second accommodation cavity 11 b and is electrically connected to the battery cell 30 .
  • the box 11 also has an access port 11c and an access cover 113.
  • the access port 11c communicates with the second accommodation chamber 11b and the outside of the box 11, and the access cover 113 covers the access port 11c.
  • the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b are isolated from each other, so the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b can each maintain a sealed state. If one of them is opened or the seal fails, the other one can still maintain a sealed state. state.
  • the battery cell 30 and the electrical component 40 are respectively accommodated in the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b.
  • the battery cell 30 and the electrical component 40 can each maintain a sealed state. If the seal of one of them fails or is opened artificially, Does not prevent the other from remaining sealed.
  • the second accommodating cavity 11 b may only accommodate supporting components, or the circuit board and other structures of the battery 10 and the electrical components 40 may be integrated into the second accommodating cavity 11 b at the same time.
  • the electrical components 40 are electrically connected to the battery cells 30 through wire harnesses or wires. At the same time, the electrical components 40 are also electrically connected to electrical devices such as the vehicle's motor controller 1b, car heaters, air conditioning compressors and other electrical devices, so as to The electric energy generated by the battery cells 30 is reasonably distributed to the electric devices such as the vehicle's motor controller 1b, car heater, air conditioning compressor and other electric devices.
  • the electrical component 40 may include any one or more of relays, fuses, current sensors, and precharge resistors. Of course, the electrical component 40 may also include other components that need to be provided.
  • the inspection opening 11c is conducive to timely maintenance or inspection of the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the access cover 113 is closed with the access opening 11c, and when the electrical components 40 need to be inspected or maintained, the access cover 113 can be opened to facilitate the operator to conduct inspection or maintenance operations on the electrical components 40 through the access opening 11c.
  • the access cover 113 is closed on the access opening 11c to maintain the sealing of the second accommodation cavity 11b and reduce external water and oxygen from entering the second accommodation cavity 11b and thereby corroding the electrical components. 40 risk.
  • the access cover 113 When performing inspection or repair work on the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b, the access cover 113 is opened, and the second accommodation cavity 11b is connected to the outside of the box 11.
  • the maintenance personnel can access the second accommodation cavity through the access port 11c.
  • the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b are exposed to the outside air, while the battery cells 30 in the first accommodation cavity 11a can still maintain a sealed state. , will not come into contact with outside air, etc.
  • the battery 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is isolated from each other by providing a first accommodation cavity 11a and a second accommodation cavity 11b, and the battery cell 30 is accommodated in the first accommodation cavity 11a, and the electrical component 40 is accommodated in the second accommodation cavity 11b. .
  • the access port 11c of the box 11 communicates with the second accommodation cavity 11b and the outside of the box 11, and the access cover 113 covers the access port 11c.
  • the access cover 113 is opened, and the electrical components 40 are inspected through the access opening 11c.
  • the cavities 11b are isolated from each other, and the first accommodating cavity 11a can still maintain good sealing performance.
  • the battery cells 30 in the cavity 11 a pose a risk of corrosion, which is beneficial to improving the safety performance of the battery 10 .
  • the battery 10 also includes a battery management system (Battery management system, BMS) unit 50.
  • the battery management system unit 50 is accommodated in the second accommodation cavity 11b and is electrically connected to the battery.
  • the battery unit 30 and the battery management system unit 50 are used for information exchange with the battery unit 30 .
  • the battery management system unit 50 may integrate circuit boards, sensors, computing units, processors and other components.
  • the battery management system unit 50 is electrically connected to the battery cell 30 of the battery 10 through a wiring harness to collect various operating parameters of the battery cell 30 such as temperature, pressure or current.
  • the battery management system unit 50 may also perform preliminary calculations or processing on the collected data to initially determine the working status of the battery cells 30 .
  • the battery management system unit 50 can also send a control signal to the battery cell 30 to facilitate the battery cell 30 to perform the next operation.
  • the battery management system unit 50 exchanges information with the battery cells 30.
  • the battery cells 30 may transmit their own working parameters such as temperature, pressure or current to the battery management system unit 50, or the battery management system unit 50 may control The signal is transmitted to the relevant battery cell 30 so that the battery cell 30 can respond accordingly.
  • the battery management system unit 50 can also be electrically connected to the accessory components.
  • the battery management system unit 50 is electrically connected to the electrical components 40 through structures such as wire harnesses to collect the voltage, current or temperature of the electrical components 40 . information.
  • the battery management system unit 50 also needs to be inspected or repaired in a timely manner.
  • the battery management system unit 50 can be inspected or repaired.
  • the sealing of the first accommodating cavity 11a can still be maintained, further reducing the risk of external water, oxygen, etc. entering the first accommodating cavity 11a to corrode the battery cells during the maintenance work of the battery management system unit 50. possibility of the body 30, thereby improving the working safety of the battery 10.
  • electrical component 40 includes at least one of a relay, a fuse, and a sensor.
  • Relays and fuses are used for overcurrent or overtemperature protection. Specifically, when the voltage or current provided by the battery 10 to the electrical device is overloaded, the relay and fuse break the circuit to protect the battery 10 or the related users of the electrical device. electrical components for protection. Sensors can be used to collect information such as voltage or current in the circuit to determine whether the relevant components are in normal working condition. In this way, the electrical component 40 can be configured with related components as needed to ensure the normal operation of the electrical component 40 .
  • the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b can be arranged in any suitable form, as long as the independence of their sealing properties is maintained.
  • the box 11 includes a first box part 111 and a second box part 112 .
  • the first box part 111 covers the second box along the first direction X.
  • the body 112 is formed into a first accommodation cavity 11a and a second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11b is located on the side of the first accommodation cavity 11a along the second direction Y, and is arranged in parallel with the first accommodation cavity 11a.
  • the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect.
  • first direction X and the second direction Y may be perpendicular to each other.
  • the first box part 111 may be an integral structure and cover the second box part 112.
  • the first box part 111 may have two parts, which may be respectively covered with the second box part 112 and connected with the first box part 112. The corresponding parts of the accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the inspection port 11c can be provided in the first box part 111, or the inspection port 11c can also be provided in the second box part 112, which can be set according to actual needs.
  • the second accommodating cavity 11b is located on one side of the first accommodating cavity 11a along the second direction Y, and the second accommodating cavity 11b is arranged side by side with the first accommodating cavity 11a, then the second accommodating cavity 11b and the first accommodating cavity 11a are arranged along the third direction Y
  • the size of the direction Z can be the same, and the third direction Z can be perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y.
  • the entire box 11 of the battery 10 has a relatively regular shape along both the first direction X and the second direction Y. , so that the first accommodation cavity 11a can accommodate more battery cells 30, and facilitate the reasonable arrangement of the shape of the battery 10 and its position in the electrical device as needed.
  • the box 11 includes a first box part 111 and a second box part 112 .
  • the first box part 111 covers the second box along the first direction X.
  • the body 112 is formed into a first accommodation cavity 11a and a second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11b is located at the end of the box 11 along the second direction Y and the third direction Z.
  • the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z intersect each other.
  • first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are two perpendicular to each other.
  • the access port 11c may be formed in the first box part 111, or in a portion of the second box part 112 corresponding to the second accommodation cavity 11b along the second direction Y and the third direction Z.
  • the volume of the second accommodating cavity 11b is relatively small.
  • the second accommodating cavity 11b is provided at the end of the first accommodating cavity 11a along the second direction Y and the third direction Z.
  • the volume of the internal electrical component 40 should reasonably distribute the dimensions of the second accommodating cavity 11b along the second direction Y and the third direction Z respectively, and make the corresponding positions of the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b have appropriate sizes, so that In order to rationally utilize the space of the first accommodation cavity 11a, the first accommodation cavity 11a can accommodate more battery cells 30, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery 10.
  • the box 11 includes a first box part 111 and a second box part 112, and the first box part 111 is along the first direction X It is covered with the second box body part 112 to form the first accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11b is located on one side of the first accommodation cavity 11a along the first direction X, and the orthographic projection of the second accommodation cavity 11b along the first direction X is located within the orthographic projection of the first accommodation cavity 11a along the second direction Y.
  • the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect.
  • the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y may be an acute angle or a right angle.
  • the first direction X and the third direction Z are perpendicular.
  • the orthographic projection of the second accommodating cavity 11b along the first direction X is located within the orthographic projection of the first accommodating cavity 11a along the first direction
  • the edges of the orthographic projection of the cavity 11a along the first direction X coincide with each other, or the edges of the orthographic projection of the second accommodation cavity 11b along the first direction
  • first box parts 111 may be two first box parts 111 , covering the parts of the first box part 111 respectively corresponding to the first accommodating cavity 11 a and the second accommodating cavity 11 b to form the first accommodating cavity 11 a and the second accommodating cavity 11 b that are isolated from each other. Accommodating cavity 11b.
  • the inspection opening 11c may be formed in the first box part 111 corresponding to the second accommodation cavity 11b, or in the second box part 112 corresponding to the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11b is located on one side of the first accommodation cavity 11a along the first direction X. Then the first accommodation cavity 11a can be regularly arranged along the second direction Y and the third direction Z. It will affect the shape and size of the first accommodation cavity 11a along the second direction Y and the third direction Z. In this way, the size and shape of the first accommodation cavity 11a can be reasonably set as needed.
  • the position of the second accommodation cavity 11b can be reasonably arranged according to the space layout inside the vehicle to fully utilize the space of the vehicle and reduce the space occupied by the battery 10 along the second direction Y and the third direction Z.
  • the box 11 has a partition 114, and the partition 114 is used to isolate the first accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the battery 10 also includes a first connection terminal 61 , which is provided on the separator 114 .
  • the first connection terminal 61 is used to electrically connect the battery cell 30 and the electrical component 40 .
  • the supporting components in the second accommodation cavity 11b need to be electrically connected to the battery cells 30 in the first accommodation cavity 11a, and at the same time, the sealing properties of the second accommodation cavity 11b and the first accommodation cavity 11a need to be maintained, so that the second accommodation cavity 11a can be isolated Connection terminals are provided on the partition 114 of the first accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the electrical component 40 can be connected to the end of the first connection terminal 61 close to the second accommodation cavity 11b through a wire harness, and the battery cell 30 can be connected through a flexible circuit.
  • a Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) is connected to an end of the first connection terminal 61 close to the first accommodation cavity 11a.
  • FPC Flexible Printed Circuit
  • the structural type of the first connection terminal 61 is not limited and may be any connector capable of connecting to a wire harness.
  • the first connecting terminal 61 is provided on the partition 114 between the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b, which is conducive to realizing the mutual isolation of the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b.
  • the electrical connection between the battery cells 30 in the first accommodation cavity 11a and the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b is achieved.
  • the battery 10 further includes a battery management system unit 50.
  • the battery management system unit 50 is accommodated in the second accommodation cavity 11b and is electrically connected to the battery cell 30.
  • the battery management system unit 50 is for information exchange with the battery cell 30 .
  • the battery 10 further includes a second connection terminal 62 provided on the separator 114 , and the second connection terminal 62 is used to electrically connect the battery cell 30 and the battery management system unit 50 .
  • the battery management system unit 50 in the second accommodation cavity 11b needs to be electrically connected to the battery cells 30 in the first accommodation cavity 11a, and also needs to maintain the sealing properties of the first accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b. Therefore, the second connection terminal 62 is provided, the battery management system unit 50 can be connected to the end of the second connection terminal 62 close to the second receiving cavity 11b through the wire harness, and the battery cell 30 is close to the second connection terminal 62 through the wire harness such as a flexible circuit board. One end of the first accommodation cavity 11a is connected.
  • providing the second connection terminal 62 is conducive to realizing the isolation between the battery cell 30 in the first accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b on the premise of realizing mutual isolation between the first accommodation cavity 11a and the second accommodation cavity 11b. electrical connections to the battery management system unit 50 .
  • the electrical device provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes the battery 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy.
  • the maintenance port 11c in the related art is usually provided at the bottom of an electrical device such as a vehicle. Therefore, when the electrical components 40 need to be repaired, the entire vehicle needs to be raised to perform repairs. For those in the wild or some In special circumstances where the vehicle cannot be raised, it is difficult to quickly repair the electrical components 40 .
  • the electrical device includes a car body 70.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11b is located below the car body 70.
  • the access cover 113 is adjacent to the car body 70 and faces the car body 70.
  • One side of the car body 70 is provided.
  • the electric device may be a vehicle, and the compartment 70 may be used to carry passengers, or the compartment 70 may be used to carry cargo. In this way, there is enough space in the car body 70 for accommodating maintenance operators.
  • the access cover 113 is disposed toward one side of the car body 70 , and the access cover 113 can be located inside the car body 70 . In this way, the operator can open the access cover 113 in the car body 70 to access the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11 b Perform maintenance operations.
  • the access cover 113 is located directly below the car body 70 . In this way, the operator can open a part of the car body 70 and then open the access cover 113 , and still be able to inspect the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11 b in the car body 70 . Perform maintenance operations.
  • the second accommodating cavity 11b is located below the car body 70 along the direction of gravity G, and the access cover 113 is adjacent to the car body 701 and is disposed toward one side of the car body 70 to facilitate the operator to access the second accommodating cavity in the car body 70 .
  • the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b are operated, which is helpful to reduce the difficulty of repairing the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11b is located between the car body 70 and the first accommodation cavity 11a.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11 b may be located inside the space enclosed by the car body 70 , or the second accommodation cavity 11 b may be located outside the car body 70 .
  • arranging the second accommodating cavity 11b and the first accommodating cavity 11a along the direction of gravity G is beneficial to rationally utilizing the space of the electrical device along the direction of gravity G to arrange the first accommodating cavity 11a and the second accommodating cavity 11b. This further improves the compactness of each structure within the electrical device.
  • At least part of the second accommodation cavity 11 b is provided inside the car body 70 .
  • the unused space inside the car body 70 can be used to accommodate at least part of the second accommodation space, thereby improving the space utilization in the car body 70.
  • the inspection cover 113 can be easily opened in the car body 70 and the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b can be inspected, which improves the convenience of inspection of the electrical elements 40 in the second accommodation space.
  • the electrical device includes a movable component 80.
  • the movable component 80 is located above the second accommodation cavity 11b and covers the access cover 113.
  • the movable component 80 is movably installed on the car body 70. .
  • the movable part 80 can be a structure such as shelves and seats 81 in the car body 70 .
  • the movable part 80 can be a structure separated from the car body 70 .
  • the movable part 80 is a part of the bottom plate of the car body 70 .
  • the movable part 80 is only a component that can move relative to the car body 70 , so that the movable part 80 can be removed when necessary, and there is enough operating space to inspect the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11 b.
  • the movable part 80 may be detachably installed on the car body 70 , or the movable part 80 may slide relative to the car body 70 .
  • the movable member 80 is provided and located above the second receiving member.
  • the movable member 80 can be moved, so that the electrical component 40 can be easily inspected. In this way, it is helpful to further improve the convenience of the maintenance operation of the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b.
  • the movable member 80 includes a seat 81 , and the seat 81 is movably installed on the car body 70 .
  • the body 70 may include a passenger compartment for carrying passengers, or a cab 71 for carrying a driver.
  • the seat 81 may be installed in the passenger compartment, or the seat 81 may be installed in the cab 71 .
  • the seat 81 is movably mounted on the body 70 , and the seat 81 can be detachably connected relative to the body 70 , or the seat 81 can slide relative to the body 70 to avoid the space where the inspection cover 113 is located, thereby reserving sufficient space for maintenance operations on the electrical components 40 .
  • the space below the seat 81 can be used to accommodate at least part of the second accommodation cavity 11b, which is conducive to rational use of the space in the car body 70, and in When it is necessary to perform maintenance operations on the electrical components 40 , the seat 81 can be removed to facilitate the maintenance operations, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of the maintenance operations on the electrical components 40 .
  • the car body 70 includes a cab 71 in which the seat 81 is installed.
  • the seat 81 in the cab 71 is higher than the seat 81 in the passenger compartment, and there is more space under the seat 81 in the cab 71 to accommodate a second passenger. Accommodating at least part of the cavity 11b.
  • the cab 71 is provided with a seat 81 , and the battery 10 is usually located below the cab 71 of the vehicle to facilitate the connection between the battery 10 and the driver and other structures.
  • arranging the second accommodation cavity 11b under the seat 81 in the cab 71 not only ensures the convenience of maintenance of the electrical components 40 in the second accommodation cavity 11b, but also facilitates reasonable maintenance according to the arrangement of the battery 10 in the vehicle.
  • the positions of the battery 10 and the second accommodation cavity 11b are arranged.
  • the second accommodation cavity 11 b is located below the seat 81 in the cab 71 along the direction of gravity G, and the second accommodation cavity 11 b is located in the cab 71 .
  • the first accommodating cavity 11a is located below the second accommodating cavity 11b along the gravity direction G, and the dimensions of the second accommodating cavity 11b along the second direction Y and the third direction Z are both smaller than the size of the first accommodating cavity 11a.
  • the third direction Z is perpendicular to the direction of gravity G. That is, the second accommodation cavity 11b is arranged to protrude from the first accommodation cavity 11a along the direction of gravity G.
  • the access port 11c is located at the top of the second accommodation cavity 11b along the direction of gravity G. , the inspection cover 113 is closed on the inspection opening 11c.
  • the electrical device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided with a second accommodation cavity 11b located in the cab 71 and below the seat 81 along the direction of gravity G, which is conducive to rational use of the space in the cab 71 and reduces the risk of the battery 10
  • the gravity direction G may occupy too much space of the electrical device, and facilitates the maintenance of the electrical components 40 in the cab 71 .

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请提供一种电池以及用电装置，电池包括箱体、电池单体以及电器元件；箱体，具有相互隔绝的第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔；电池单体，容纳于第一容纳腔内；电器元件，容纳于第二容纳腔内，并与电池单体电连接；其中，箱体还具有检修口和检修盖，检修口连通第二容纳腔和箱体的外部，检修盖盖合于检修口。本申请实施例提供的电池，在对电器元件进行检修的过程中，由于第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔相互隔绝，第一容纳腔仍能保持良好的密封性能，外界的空气等杂质较难通过检修口以及第二容纳腔进入第一容纳腔内，进而不会对第一容纳腔内的电池单体造成腐蚀，有利于提高电池的安全性能。

Description

电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
电池广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的使用性能外，如何提高电池的安全性能，也是一个不可忽视的问题。因此，如何提高电池的安全性能，是电池技术中一个持续改进的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池以及用电装置，能够提高电池的安全性能。
第一方面，根据本申请实施例提供的电池包括箱体、电池单体以及电器元件；箱体，具有相互隔绝的第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔；电池单体，容纳于第一容纳腔内；电器元件，容纳于第二容纳腔内，并与电池单体电连接；其中，箱体还具有检修口和检修盖，检修口连通第二容纳腔和箱体的外部，检修盖盖合于检修口。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔相互隔绝，且电池单体容纳于第一容纳腔内，电器元件容纳于第二容纳腔内。箱体的检修口连通第二容纳腔和箱体的外部，检修盖盖合于检修口。则对第二容纳腔内的电器元件进行检修的过程中，打开检修盖，通过检修口对电器元件进行检修，在检修的过程中，由于第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔相互隔绝，第一容纳腔仍能保持良好的密封性能，外界的空气等杂质较难通过检修口以及第二容纳腔进入第一容纳腔内，进而减小对第一容纳腔内的电池单体的腐蚀，有利于提高电池的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括电池管理系统单元，电池管理系统单元容纳于第二容纳腔内，并电连接电池单体，电池管理系统单元用于与电池单体进行信息交互。电池管理系统单元也需要适时进行检修或者维修等操作，通过将电池管理系统单元集成在第二容纳腔内，在对电池管理系统单元进行检修或者维修等操作的过程中，依然可以保持第一容纳腔的密封性，降低外界空气中的水、粉尘等杂质进入第一容纳腔而腐蚀电池单体的可能性，进一步提高电池的工作安全性。
在一些实施例中，电器元件包括继电器、熔断器以及传感器中的至少一者。如此，可以根据需要配置电器元件具有相关的元器件，以保证电器元件的正常工作。
在一些实施例中，箱体包括第一箱体部和第二箱体部，第一箱体部沿第一方向盖合于第二箱体部，以形成第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔；第二容纳腔位于第一容纳腔沿第二方向的侧部，并与第一容纳腔并列设置，第一方向与第二方向相交。如此，第一容纳腔容纳更多的电池单体，并有利于根据需要合理布置电池的形状及其在用电装置中的位置。
在一些实施例中，箱体包括第一箱体部和第二箱体部，第一箱体部沿第一方向盖合于第二箱体部，以形成第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔；第二容纳腔位于箱体沿第二方向和第三方向的端部，第一方向、第二方向以及第三方向两两相交。将第二容纳腔设于第一容纳腔沿第二方向和第三方向的端部，可以根据第二容纳腔内电器元件的体积，合理分布第二容纳腔分别沿第二方向和第三方向的尺寸，并使第一容纳腔与第二容纳腔对应的位置具有合适的尺寸，以便于合理利用第一容纳腔的空间，使第一容纳腔容纳更多的电池单体，如此，有利于提高电池的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，箱体包括第一箱体部和第二箱体部，第一箱体部沿第一方向盖合于第二箱体部，以形成第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔；第二容纳腔位于第一容纳腔沿第一方向的一侧，且第二容纳腔沿第一方向的正投影位于第一容纳腔沿第一方向的正投影之内，第一方向和第二方向相交。第一容纳腔可以沿第二方向和第三方向呈规则排布，第二容纳腔的存在不会影响第一容纳腔沿第二方向和第三方向的形状和尺寸，如此，可以根据需要合理设置第一容纳腔的尺寸和形状。
在一些实施例中，箱体具有隔板，隔板用于隔绝第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔；电池还包括第一连接端子，第一连接端子设于隔板，第一连接端子用于电连接电池单体和电器元件。如此，有利于在实现第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔的相互隔绝的前提下，实现第一容纳腔内的电池单体与第二容纳腔内的电器元件的电连接。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括电池管理系统单元，电池管理系统单元容纳于第二容纳腔内，并电连接电池单体，电池管理系统单元用于与电池单体进行信息交互；电池还包括第二连接端子，第二连接端子设于隔板，第二连接端子用于电连接电池单体和电池管理系统单元。如此，有利于在实现第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔的相互隔绝的前提下，实现第一容纳腔内的电池单体与第二容纳腔内的电池管理系统单元的电连接。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括如第一方面任一实施例的电池，电池用于提供电能。
根据本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了本申请实施例提供的电池，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，用电装置包括厢体，沿重力方向，第二容纳腔位于厢体的下方，检修盖与厢体邻接，并朝向厢体的一侧设置。如此，便于操作人员在厢体内对第二容纳腔内的电器元件进行操作，有利于降低对第二容纳腔内的电器元件进行检修工作的难度。
在一些实施例中，沿重力方向，第二容纳腔位于厢体与第一容纳腔之间。有利 于合理利用用电装置沿重力方向的空间，对第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔进行排布，进而提高用电装置内各结构的紧凑性。
在一些实施例中，第二容纳腔的至少部分设于厢体的内部。如此，可以利用厢体内部无法被利用的空间，以容纳第二容纳空间的至少部分，在提高厢体内的空间利用率的同时，可以在箱体内方便地打开检修盖，并对第二容纳腔内的电器元件进行检修工作，即提高了对第二容纳空间内的电器元件的检修的便利性。
在一些实施例中，用电装置包括活动件，活动件位于第二容纳腔的上方，并覆盖检修盖设置，活动件可移动地安装于厢体。在对电器元件进行检修时，可以移动活动件，即可方便地对电器元件进行检修。如此，有利于进一步提高对第二容纳腔内的电器元件检修操作的便利性。
在一些实施例中，活动件包括座椅，座椅可移动地安装于厢体。如此，可以利用座椅下方的空间，以容纳第二容纳腔的至少部分，有利于合理利用厢体内的空间，且在需要对电器元件进行维修操作时，移开座椅即可方便地进行，有利于提高电器元件维修操作的便利性。
在一些实施例中，厢体包括驾驶室，座椅安装于驾驶室内。如此，在保证第二容纳腔内电器元件的维修便利性的同时，便于根据电池在车辆中的排布，合理配置电池以及第二容纳腔的位置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的电池省略部分机构后的爆炸示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的电池中电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的电池中的电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种电池的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种电池的爆炸结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池的爆炸结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种电池的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的再一种电池的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的用电装置省略部分结构的一种结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的用电装置省略部分结构的另一种结构示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
附图标记说明：
1、车辆；1a、马达；1b、控制器；
10、电池；11、箱体；11a、第一容纳腔；11b、第二容纳腔；11c、检修口；111、第一箱体部；112、第二箱体部；113、检修盖；114、隔板；
20、电池模块；
30、电池单体；31、外壳；311、壳体；311a、开口；312、端盖；32、电极组件；
40、电器元件；
50、电池管理系统单元；
61、第一连接端子；62、第二连接端子；
70、厢体；71、驾驶室；
80、活动件；81、座椅；
X、第一方向；Y、第二方向；Z、第三方向；G、重力方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，C和/或D，可以表示：单独存在C，同时存在C和D，单独存在D这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不 同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和分隔件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和凸出于正极集流部的正极凸部，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极凸部的至少部分未涂覆正极活性物质层，正极凸部作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和凸出于负极集流部的负极凸部，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极凸部的至少部分未涂覆负极活性物质层，负极凸部作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。分隔件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池具有配电盒，配电盒内具有电器元件，电器元件通常包括继电器、熔断器、电流传感器、预充电电阻等元器件，电池通过配电盒与用电装置连接，以将电池的电能合理分配给用电装置的电机控制器、汽车加热器、空调压缩机等各用电器件。电池在工作的过程中，配电盒内的电器元件易发生故障，需要及时对配电盒内的电器元件进行检修。
发明人发现在对电池的配电盒进行检修的过程中，电池内的至少一部分电池单体也会暴露在空气中，空气中的水氧等与电池单体及其连接部件接触。随着对电池的配电和的检修次数和时间的增长，电池单体及其连接部件长期与空气中的水、氧等接触，易造成电池单体及其连接部件的腐蚀甚至工作失效等问题，严重影响电池的安全性能。
基于发明人发现的上述问题，发明人对电池的结构进行了改进，本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池单体、包含电池单体的电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
根据本申请实施例提供的电池包括箱体、电池单体以及电器元件。箱体具有相互隔绝的第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，电池单体容纳于第一容纳腔内。电器元件容纳于第二容纳腔内，并与电池单体电连接。其中，箱体还具有检修口和检修盖，检修口连通第二容纳腔和箱体的外部，检修盖盖合于检修口。
本申请实施例提供的电池通过设置第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔相互隔绝，且电池单体容纳于第一容纳腔内，电器元件容纳于第二容纳腔内。箱体的检修口连通第二容纳腔和箱体的外部，检修盖盖合于检修口。则对第二容纳腔内的电器元件进行检修的过程中，打开检修盖，通过检修口对电器元件进行检修，在检修的过程中，由于第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔相互隔绝，第一容纳腔仍能保持良好的密封性能，外界的空气等杂质较难通过检修口以及第二容纳腔进入第一容纳腔内，进而减小对第一容纳腔内的电池单体造成腐蚀的风险，有利于保证电池的安全性能。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池10。电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器1b和马达1a。控制器1b用来控制电池10为马达1a供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
参见图2所示，电池10包括电池单体(图2未示出)。电池10还可以包括用于容纳电池单体的箱体。
箱体11用于容纳电池单体，箱体11可以是多种结构形式。在一些实施例中，箱体11可以包括第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112。第一箱体部111与第二箱体部112相互盖合。第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间。第二箱体部112可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部111为板状结构，第一箱体部111盖合于第二箱体部112的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体11；第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112也可以均为一侧开口的空心结构。第一箱体部111的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部112的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体11。当然，第一箱体部111和第二 箱体部112可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112连接后的密封性，第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112之间还可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部111盖合于第二箱体部112，第一箱体部111亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部112亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池10中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联。混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体11内，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20。多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体11内。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，图3为图2所示的电池模块20的结构示意图。在电池模块20中，电池单体30为多个。多个电池单体30先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20。多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体11内。
在一些实施例，电池模块20中的多个电池单体30之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块20中的多个电池单体30的并联或串联或混联。
请参照图4，图4为图3所示的电池单体30的爆炸示意图。本申请实施例提供的电池单体30包括电极组件32和外壳31，外壳31具有容置腔，电极组件32容纳于容置腔内。
在一些实施例中，外壳31可以包括壳体311和端盖312，壳体311为一侧具有开口311a的空心结构，端盖312盖合于壳体311的开口311a处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件32和电解质的密封空间。
在组装电池单体30时，可先将电极组件32放入壳体311内，再将端盖312盖合于壳体311的开口，然后经由端盖312上的电解质注入口将电解质注入壳体311内。
在一些实施例中，外壳31还可用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。外壳31可以是多种结构形式。
壳体311可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体311的形状可以根据电极组件32的具体形状来确定。例如，若电极组件32为圆柱体结构，壳体311则可选用为圆柱体结构。若电极组件32为长方体结构，壳体311则可选用长方体结构。在图4中，示例性地，壳体311和电极组件32均为长方体结构。
壳体311的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
容纳于壳体311内的电极组件32可以是一个或多个。在图4中，容纳于壳体311内的电极组件32为两个。
如图2、图5和图6所示，根据本申请实施例提供的电池10包括箱体11、电池单体30以及电器元件40。箱体11具有相互隔绝的第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b，电池单体30容纳于第一容纳腔11a内。电器元件40容纳于第二容纳腔11b内，并与电池单体30电连接。其中，箱体11还具有检修口11c和检修盖113，检修口11c连通第二容纳腔11b和箱体11的外部，检修盖113盖合于检修口11c。
第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b相互隔绝，则第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b可以各自保持密封状态，其中的任一者的打开或者密封失效，另一者仍然能够保持密封状态。
电池单体30和电器元件40分别容纳于第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b内，则电池单体30和电器元件40可以各自保持密封状态，其中的一者的密封失效或者人为打开，不会影响另一者保持密封状态。
第二容纳腔11b可以仅容纳有配单元件，也可以同时将电池10的线路板等结构与电器元件40一起集成在第二容纳腔11b内。
电器元件40通过线束或者导线与电池单体30电连接，同时，电器元件40还与用电装置如车辆的电机控制器1b、汽车加热器、空调压缩机等各用电器件电连接，以将电池单体30产生的电能合理分配给用电装置如车辆的电机控制器1b、汽车加热器、空调压缩机等各用电器件。
电器元件40可以包括继电器、熔断器、电流传感器以及预充电电阻中的任一者或者多者，当然，电器元件40还可以包括其它需要设置的元件。
电池10在工作的过程中，需要适时对电器元件40进行检修保养操作，且电池10的配单元件故障率较高，在电器元件40出现故障时，也需要对电器元件40进行维修，因此设置检修口11c有利于适时对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行维修或者检修等操作。
检修盖113盖合于检修口11c，则在需要对电器元件40进行检修或者维护时，可以打开检修盖113，便于操作人员通过检修口11c对电器元件40进行检修或者维护操作。而在无需对电器元件40进行检修或者维护时，将检修盖113盖合于检修口11c，以保持第二容纳腔11b的密封性，降低外界的水氧进入第二容纳腔11b进而腐蚀电器元件40的风险。
在对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行检修或者维修工作的时候，打开检修盖113，第二容纳腔11b与箱体11的外部连通，维修人员可以通过检修口11c对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行维修或者检修的过程中，仅有第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40暴露于外部空气中，而第一容纳腔11a内的电池单体30则仍能保持密封状态，不会与外界的空气等接触。
本申请实施例提供的电池10，通过设置第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b相互隔绝，且电池单体30容纳于第一容纳腔11a内，电器元件40容纳于第二容纳腔11b内。箱体11的检修口11c连通第二容纳腔11b和箱体11的外部，检修盖113盖合于检修口11c。则对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行检修的过程中，打开检修盖113，通过检修口11c对电器元件40进行检修，在检修的过程中，由于第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b相互隔绝，第一容纳腔11a仍能保持良好的密封性能，外界的空气等杂质较难通过检修口11c以及第二容纳腔11b进入第一容纳腔11a内，进而减小对第一容纳腔11a内的电池单体30造成腐蚀的风险，有利于提高电池10的安全性能。
如图2和图7所示，在一些实施例中，电池10还包括电池管理系统(Battery management system，BMS)单元50，电池管理系统单元50容纳于第二容纳腔11b内， 并电连接电池单体30，电池管理系统单元50用于与电池单体30进行信息交互。
具体地，电池管理系统单元50可以集成有线路板、传感器、计算单元以及处理器等元器件。电池管理系统单元50通过线束与电池10电池单体30电连接，以采集电池单体30的温度、压力或者电流等各项工作参数。可选地，电池管理系统单元50还可以对采集到的数据进行初步的计算或者处理，以初步判断电池单体30的工作状况。可选地，电池管理系统单元50还可以向电池单体30发送控制信号，以便于电池单体30进行下一步的操作。
电池管理系统单元50与电池单体30进行信息交互，可以是电池单体30将自身工作的温度、压力或者电流等相关工作参数传送给电池管理系统单元50，或者，电池管理系统单元50将控制信号传送给相关电池单体30，以便于电池单体30作出相应的反应。
可选地，电池管理系统单元50还可以与配单元件电连接，示例性地，电池管理系统单元50与电器元件40通过线束等结构电连接，以采集电器元件40的电压、电流或者温度等信息。
在电池10工作的过程中，电池管理系统单元50也需要适时进行检修或者维修等操作，通过将电池管理系统单元50集成在第二容纳腔11b内，在对电池管理系统单元50进行检修或者维修等操作的过程中，依然可以保持第一容纳腔11a的密封性，进一步降低在对电池管理系统单元50进行检修工作的过程中，外界的水、氧等进入第一容纳腔11a内腐蚀电池单体30的可能性，进而提高电池10的工作安全性。
在一些实施例中，电器元件40包括继电器、熔断器以及传感器中的至少一者。
继电器和熔断器用于进行过流或者过温保护，具体地，在电池10向用电装置提供的电压或者电流超载时，继电器和熔断器通过断路的方式，对电池10或者用电装置的相关用电器件进行保护。传感器可以用于采集电路中的电压或者电流等信息，以判断相关元器件是否处于正常工作状态。如此，可以根据需要配置电器元件40具有相关的元器件，以保证电器元件40的正常工作。
第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b可以以任何合适的形式进行排布，只要保持二者密封性能的独立性即可。
如图5和图8所示，在一些实施例中，箱体11包括第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112，第一箱体部111沿第一方向X盖合于第二箱体部112，以形成第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b。第二容纳腔11b位于第一容纳腔11a沿第二方向Y的侧部，并与第一容纳腔11a并列设置，第一方向X和第二方向Y相交。
示例性地，第一方向X和第二方向Y可以相互垂直。
第一箱体部111可以是一个整体结构，并盖合于第二箱体部112，或者，第一箱体部111可以是两个，分别盖合于第二箱体部112分别与第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b对应的部位。
检修口11c可以设置于第一箱体部111，或者，检修口11c也可以设置于第二箱体部112，可以根据实际需求进行设置。
第二容纳腔11b位于第一容纳腔11a沿第二方向Y的一侧，且第二容纳腔11b 与第一容纳腔11a并列设置，则第二容纳腔11b与第一容纳腔11a沿第三方向Z的尺寸可以相同，其中第三方向Z可以垂直于第一方向X和第二方向Y，则电池10的箱体11整体沿第一方向X和沿第二方向Y均具有比较规则的形状，以使第一容纳腔11a容纳更多的电池单体30，并有利于根据需要合理布置电池10的形状及其在用电装置中的位置。
如图5和图9所示，在一些实施例中，箱体11包括第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112，第一箱体部111沿第一方向X盖合于第二箱体部112，以形成第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b。第二容纳腔11b位于箱体11沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z的端部，第一方向X、第二方向Y以及第三方向Z两两相交。
示例性地，第一方向X、第二方向Y以及第三方向Z两两垂直。
可选地，检修口11c可以形成于第一箱体部111，或者形成于第二箱体部112沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z与第二容纳腔11b对应的部位。
可以理解的是，第二容纳腔11b的体积相对较小，将第二容纳腔11b设于第一容纳腔11a沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z的端部，可以根据第二容纳腔11b内电器元件40的体积，合理分布第二容纳腔11b分别沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z的尺寸，并使第一容纳腔11a与第二容纳腔11b对应的位置具有合适的尺寸，以便于合理利用第一容纳腔11a的空间，使第一容纳腔11a容纳更多的电池单体30，如此，有利于提高电池10的能量密度。
如图5、图6、图7以及图10所示，在一些实施例中，箱体11包括第一箱体部111和第二箱体部112，第一箱体部111沿第一方向X盖合于第二箱体部112，以形成第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b。第二容纳腔11b位于第一容纳腔11a沿第一方向X的一侧，且第二容纳腔11b沿第一方向X的正投影位于第一容纳腔11a沿第二方向Y的正投影之内，第一方向X和第二方向Y相交。
第一方向X和第二方向Y的夹角可以呈锐角或者直角，示例性地，第一方向X和第三方向Z垂直。
第二容纳腔11b沿第一方向X的正投影位于第一容纳腔11a沿第一方向X的正投影之内，则第二容纳腔11b沿第一方向X的正投影的边缘与第一容纳腔11a沿第一方向X的正投影的边缘重合，或者，第二容纳腔11b沿第一方向X的正投影的边缘位于第一容纳腔11a沿第一方向X的正投影之内。
第一箱体部111可以是两个，盖合于第一箱体部111分别与第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b对应的部位，以形成相互隔绝的第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b。此时，检修口11c可以形成于与第二容纳腔11b对应的第一箱体部111，或者，形成于于第二容纳腔11b对应的第二箱体部112。
第二容纳腔11b位于第一容纳腔11a沿第一方向X的一侧，则第一容纳腔11a可以沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z呈规则排布，第二容纳腔11b的存在不会影响第一容纳腔11a沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z的形状和尺寸，如此，可以根据需要合理设置第一容纳腔11a的尺寸和形状。
另外，将第二容纳腔11b件设置于第一容纳腔11a沿第一方向X的一侧，可以 减少电池10整体沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z占用的空间，在电池10应用在用电装置如车辆时，可以根据车辆内部的空间布局，合理布置第二容纳腔11b的位置，以充分利用车辆的空间，减小电池10沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z占用的空间。
在如图10所示，一些实施例中，箱体11具有隔板114，隔板114用于隔绝第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b。电池10还包括第一连接端子61，第一连接端子61设于隔板114，第一连接端子61用于电连接电池单体30和电器元件40。
第二容纳腔11b内的配单元件需要与第一容纳腔11a内的电池单体30电连接，同时需要保持第二容纳腔11b和第一容纳腔11a各自的密封性，因此可以在隔绝第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b的隔板114上设置连接端子，电器元件40可以通过线束与第一连接端子61靠近第二容纳腔11b的一端连接，而电池单体30可以通过柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit,FPC)与第一连接端子61靠近第一容纳腔11a的一端连接。
第一连接端子61的结构型式不做限制，可以是任意能够连接线束的连接器等结构。
因此，设置第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b之间的隔板114上具有第一连接端子61，有利于在实现第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b的相互隔绝的前提下，实现第一容纳腔11a内的电池单体30与第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40的电连接。
请继续参阅图10，在一些实施例中，电池10还包括电池管理系统单元50，电池管理系统单元50容纳于第二容纳腔11b内，并电连接电池单体30，电池管理系统单元50用于与电池单体30进行信息交互。电池10还包括第二连接端子62，第二连接端子62设于隔板114，第二连接端子62用于电连接电池单体30和电池管理系统单元50。
第二容纳腔11b内的电池管理系统单元50需要与第一容纳腔11a内的电池单体30电连接，同时也需要保持第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b各自的密封性。因此，设置第二连接端子62，电池管理系统单元50可以通过线束与第二连接端子62靠近第二容纳腔11b的一端连接，电池单体30通过线束如柔性电路板与第二连接端子62靠近第一容纳腔11a的一端连接。
因此，设置第二连接端子62，有利于在实现第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b的相互隔绝的前提下，实现第一容纳腔11a内的电池单体30与第二容纳腔11b内的电池管理系统单元50的电连接。
根据本申请实施例提供的用电装置包括上述任一实施例提供的电池10，电池10用于提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了上述任一实施例提供的电池10，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
发明人进一步研究发现，相关技术中的检修口11c通常设置在用电装置如车辆的底部，导致在需要对电器元件40进行维修时，需要将车辆整体抬高才能进行维修，对于在野外或一些特殊环境无法抬高车辆的情况下，较难对电器元件40进行快速维修。
如图11所示，在一些实施例中，用电装置包括厢体70，沿重力方向G，第二容纳腔11b位于所述厢体70的下方，检修盖113与厢体70邻接，并朝向厢体70的一侧设置。
用电装置可以是车辆，厢体70可以用于承载乘客，或者，厢体70可以用于承载货物。如此，厢体70内有足够多的空间用于容纳维修操作人员。
检修盖113朝向厢体70的一侧设置，则可以设置检修盖113位于厢体70的内部，如此，操作人员可以在厢体70内打开检修盖113对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行维修操作。或者，检修盖113位于厢体70的正下方，如此，操作人员可以打开厢体70的一部分后，再打开检修盖113，依然能够在厢体70内对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行维修操作。
因此，设置第二容纳腔11b位于厢体70沿重力方向G的下方，检修盖113与厢体701邻接并朝向厢体70的一侧设置，便于操作人员在厢体70内对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行操作，有利于降低对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行检修工作的难度。
在一些实施例中，沿重力方向G，第二容纳腔11b位于厢体70与第一容纳腔11a之间。
可选地，第二容纳腔11b可以位于厢体70围合形成的空间的内部，或者，第二容纳腔11b位于厢体70的外部。
如此，设置第二容纳腔11b和第一容纳腔11a沿重力方向G分布，有利于合理利用用电装置沿重力方向G的空间，对第一容纳腔11a和第二容纳腔11b进行排布，进而提高用电装置内各结构的紧凑性。
在一些实施例中，第二容纳腔11b的至少部分设于厢体70的内部。
厢体70内部通常需要设置一些诸如座椅81、货架等结构，可以利用厢体70内部无法被利用的空间，以容纳第二容纳空间的至少部分，在提高厢体70内的空间利用率的同时，可以在厢体70内方便地打开检修盖113，并对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行检修工作，即提高了对第二容纳空间内的电器元件40的检修的便利性。
在一些实施例中，请继续参阅图11，用电装置包括活动件80，活动件80位于第二容纳腔11b的上方，并覆盖检修盖113设置，活动件80可移动地安装于厢体70。
可选地，活动件80可以是厢体70内的货架、座椅81等结构，活动件80可以是与厢体70分离的结构，示例性地，活动件80为厢体70的底板的一部分。或者，活动件80仅仅是可以相对于厢体70移动的部件，以在需要时移开活动件80，有足够的操作空间对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40进行检修。
活动件80可移动地安装于厢体70，则活动件80可以是可拆卸地安装于厢体70，或者活动件80可以相对于厢体70滑动。
因此，设置活动件80，并活动件80位于第二容纳件的上方，在对电器元件40进行检修时，可以移动活动件80，即可方便地对电器元件40进行检修。如此，有利于进一步提高对第二容纳腔11b内的电器元件40检修操作的便利性。
如图11所示，在一些实施例中，活动件80包括座椅81，座椅81可移动地安装于厢体70。
厢体70可以包括用于承载乘客的乘客舱，或者用于承载驾驶员的驾驶室71。座椅81可以是安装于乘客舱内，或者，座椅81安装于驾驶室71内。
座椅81可移动地安装于厢体70，则座椅81相对于厢体70可以是可拆卸连接，或者，座椅81相对于厢体70可以滑动，以避让处检修盖113所在的空间，为电器元件40的维修操作预留足够的空间。
因此，将检修盖113位于座椅81沿重力方向G的下方，可以利用座椅81下方的空间，以容纳第二容纳腔11b的至少部分，有利于合理利用厢体70内的空间，且在需要对电器元件40进行维修操作时，移开座椅81即可方便地进行，有利于提高电器元件40维修操作的便利性。
在一些实施例中，厢体70包括驾驶室71，座椅81安装于驾驶室71内。
在一些车辆中，如公交车中，驾驶室71内的座椅81相对于乘客舱内的座椅81高度要高，驾驶室71内的座椅81下方有较多的空间用于容纳第二容纳腔11b的至少部分。而在货车、牵引车等工程车辆中，只有驾驶室71内设有座椅81，且电池10通常位于车辆的驾驶室71的下方，以便于电池10与驱动器等结构连接。
因此，将第二容纳腔11b设于驾驶室71内的座椅81下方，在保证第二容纳腔11b内电器元件40的维修便利性的同时，便于根据电池10在车辆中的排布，合理配置电池10以及第二容纳腔11b的位置。
在一些实施例中，第二容纳腔11b位于驾驶室71内的座椅81沿重力方向G的下方，且第二容纳腔11b位于驾驶室71内。第一容纳腔11a位于第二容纳腔11b沿重力方向G的下方，且第二容纳腔11b沿第二方向Y和沿第三方向Z的尺寸均小于第一容纳腔11a的尺寸，第二方向Y、第三方向Z与重力方向G两两垂直，即第二容纳腔11b沿重力方向G凸出第一容纳腔11a的部分设置，检修口11c位于第二容纳腔11b沿重力方向G的顶部，检修盖113盖合于检修口11c。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，设置第二容纳腔11b位于驾驶室71内，且位于座椅81沿重力方向G的下方，有利于合理利用驾驶室71内的空间，减小电池10沿重力方向G占用用电装置过多的空间的可能性，且便于在驾驶室71内实现对电器元件40的检修工作。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池(10)，包括：
    箱体(11)，具有相互隔绝的第一容纳腔(11a)和第二容纳腔(11b)；
    电池单体(30)，容纳于所述第一容纳腔(11a)内；
    电器元件(40)，容纳于所述第二容纳腔(11b)内，并与所述电池单体(30)电连接；
    其中，所述箱体(11)还具有检修口和检修盖(113)，所述检修口连通所述第二容纳腔(11b)和所述箱体(11)的外部，所述检修盖(113)盖合于所述检修口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池(10)，其中，所述电池(10)还包括电池管理系统单元(50)，所述电池管理系统单元(50)容纳于所述第二容纳腔(11b)内，并电连接所述电池单体(30)，所述电池管理系统单元(50)用于与所述电池单体(30)进行信息交互。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池(10)，其中，所述电器元件(40)包括继电器、熔断器以及传感器中的至少一者。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池(10)，其中，所述箱体(11)包括第一箱体部(111)和第二箱体部(112)，所述第一箱体部(111)沿第一方向(X)盖合于所述第二箱体部(112)，以形成所述第一容纳腔(11a)和所述第二容纳腔(11b)；
    所述第二容纳腔(11b)位于所述第一容纳腔(11a)沿第二方向(Y)的侧部，并与所述第一容纳腔(11a)并列设置，所述第一方向(X)与所述第二方向(Y)相交。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池(10)，其中，所述箱体(11)包括第一箱体部(111)和第二箱体部(112)，所述第一箱体部(111)沿第一方向(X)盖合于所述第二箱体部(112)，以形成所述第一容纳腔(11a)和所述第二容纳腔(11b)；
    所述第二容纳腔(11b)位于所述箱体(11)沿第二方向(Y)和第三方向(Z)的端部，所述第一方向(X)、所述第二方向(Y)以及所述第三方向(Z)两两相交。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池(10)，其中，所述箱体(11)包括第一箱体部(111)和第二箱体部(112)，所述第一箱体部(111)沿第一方向(X)盖合于所述第二箱体部(112)，以形成所述第一容纳腔(11a)和所述第二容纳腔(11b)；
    所述第二容纳腔(11b)位于所述第一容纳腔(11a)沿所述第一方向(X)的一侧，且所述第二容纳腔(11b)沿所述第一方向(X)的正投影位于所述第一容纳腔(11a)沿所述第一方向(X)的正投影之内，所述第一方向(X)和所述第二方向(Y)相交。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的电池(10)，其中，所述箱体(11)具有隔板(114)，所述隔板(114)用于隔绝所述第一容纳腔(11a)和所述第二容纳腔(11b)；
    所述电池(10)还包括第一连接端子(61)，所述第一连接端子(61)设于所述隔板(114)，所述第一连接端子(61)用于电连接所述电池单体(30)和所述电器元件(40)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池(10)，其中，所述电池(10)还包括电池管理系统单元(50)，所述电池管理系统单元(50)容纳于所述第二容纳腔(11b)内，并电连接所述电池单体(30)，所述电池管理系统单元(50)用于与所述电池单体(30)进行信息交互；
    所述电池(10)还包括第二连接端子(62)，所述第二连接端子(62)设于所述隔板(114)， 所述第二连接端子(62)用于电连接所述电池单体(30)和所述电池管理系统单元(50)。
  9. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求1至8任一项所述的电池(10)，所述电池(10)用于提供电能。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用电装置，其中，所述用电装置包括厢体(70)，沿重力方向(G)，所述第二容纳腔(11b)位于所述厢体(70)的下方，所述检修盖(113)与所述厢体(70)邻接，并朝向所述厢体(70)的一侧设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的用电装置，其中，沿所述重力方向(G)，所述第二容纳腔(11b)位于所述厢体(70)与所述第一容纳腔(11a)之间。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用电装置，其中，所述第二容纳腔(11b)的至少部分设于所述厢体(70)的内部。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12任一项所述的用电装置，其中，所述用电装置包括活动件(80)，所述活动件(80)位于所述第二容纳腔(11b)的上方，并覆盖所述检修盖(113)设置，所述活动件(80)可移动地安装于所述厢体(70)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的用电装置，其中，所述活动件(80)包括座椅(81)，所述座椅(81)可移动地安装于所述厢体(70)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的用电装置，其中，所述厢体(70)包括驾驶室(71)，所述座椅(81)安装于所述驾驶室(71)内。
PCT/CN2022/119797 2022-09-20 2022-09-20 电池以及用电装置 WO2024059995A1 (zh)

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JP2003243049A (ja) * 2002-02-19 2003-08-29 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 電池モジュール
CN206422123U (zh) * 2017-02-09 2017-08-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池包
CN107199868A (zh) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-26 本田技研工业株式会社 车辆
CN108206252A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-26 福特全球技术公司 牵引电池组维修板
CN209045650U (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-06-28 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池包的盖体和电池包壳体

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003243049A (ja) * 2002-02-19 2003-08-29 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 電池モジュール
CN107199868A (zh) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-26 本田技研工业株式会社 车辆
CN108206252A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-26 福特全球技术公司 牵引电池组维修板
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