WO2024044938A1 - 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024044938A1
WO2024044938A1 PCT/CN2022/115734 CN2022115734W WO2024044938A1 WO 2024044938 A1 WO2024044938 A1 WO 2024044938A1 CN 2022115734 W CN2022115734 W CN 2022115734W WO 2024044938 A1 WO2024044938 A1 WO 2024044938A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
wall
connection terminal
battery
terminal
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PCT/CN2022/115734
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈龙
林蹬华
郑于炼
王鹏
金海族
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/115734 priority Critical patent/WO2024044938A1/zh
Publication of WO2024044938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024044938A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Batteries are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, electric tools, etc.
  • the battery cells may include cadmium-nickel battery cells, nickel-hydrogen battery cells, lithium-ion battery cells, secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery cells, etc.
  • This application provides a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which is beneficial to improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell including a casing and a connecting terminal.
  • the casing has a mounting hole.
  • the connecting terminal is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole and is insulated from the casing.
  • the connecting terminal is used to connect the interior of the battery cell to the casing. External information exchange.
  • the casing by arranging the casing to have a mounting hole, and arranging the connection terminal at least partially in the mounting hole, information interaction between the inside and outside of the battery cell can be realized, so as to understand the working conditions inside the battery cell.
  • Information such as information is transmitted to the outside of the battery cell, or information such as control signals from outside the battery cell is transmitted to the inside of the battery cell to facilitate communication between the relevant components inside the battery cell and the relevant components outside the battery cell.
  • Information exchange to ensure the normal operation of battery cells is conducive to improving the safety performance of battery cells.
  • a plurality of mounting holes are arranged at intervals, and a connection terminal is arranged in each mounting hole.
  • Such an arrangement facilitates the transmission of information between the inside and outside of the battery cell, and facilitates the simultaneous transmission of multiple types of information between the inside and outside of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell further includes an insulating member at least partially disposed between the connection terminal and the inner wall of the mounting hole.
  • connection terminal and the housing can be insulated from each other, so that the connection terminal can transmit information more accurately and quickly.
  • one of the connecting terminal and the insulating member is formed with a groove, and the other is formed with a protrusion, and the groove and the protrusion cooperate with each other.
  • the connection terminals and insulating parts are limited, reducing the risk of mutual movement between the two.
  • annular protrusions are formed on the peripheral surface of the connection terminal, and annular grooves are formed on the inner wall of the insulating member. In this way, while improving the limiting effect of the boss and the groove on the connecting terminal and the insulating piece, it is also helpful to reduce the difficulty of assembling the connecting terminal and the insulating piece.
  • the distance h1 by which the protrusion protrudes from the peripheral surface of the connection terminal satisfies: h1 ⁇ 0.1 mm. In this way, it is helpful to ensure the matching area of the protrusion and the groove, and to ensure the mutual limiting function of the connecting terminal and the insulating member.
  • connection terminal is formed with a plurality of protrusions arranged at intervals, and the distance L between two adjacent protrusions satisfies: L ⁇ 0.1mm.
  • the connection terminal is provided with a plurality of protrusions arranged at intervals, which is conducive to further ensuring the matching area of the protrusion and the groove, and further ensuring the mutual limiting effect of the connection terminal and the insulating member. Setting the spacing L between adjacent protrusions to meet the above relationship facilitates the processing of the protrusions and grooves, and is also conducive to further improving the limiting effect of the cooperation of the protrusions and grooves on the connection terminals and insulators.
  • the housing includes a first wall and the mounting hole is disposed through the first wall. Installation holes are provided through the first wall to facilitate the installation of the connection terminals.
  • the battery cell further includes an electrode terminal provided on the first wall.
  • the electrode terminal is used for transmitting electric energy and is spaced apart from the connection terminal.
  • the electrode terminals and the connecting terminals are spaced apart to reduce the risk of electrical conduction between the two and affecting the normal operation of the battery cells.
  • arranging the electrode terminals and connecting terminals on the first wall can reduce the extra external space of the battery cells occupied by arranging the connecting terminals and electrode terminals, facilitate the grouping of battery cells into batteries, and help reduce the size of the battery.
  • the distance at which the connection terminal protrudes from the first wall is less than or equal to the distance at which the electrode terminal protrudes from the same side of the first wall. In this way, the extra space occupied by the battery cells along the thickness direction due to the arrangement of the connection terminals is reduced. After the battery cells are grouped, the volume inside the battery occupied by the battery cells is reduced, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery.
  • the battery cell further includes a sealing member, and the sealing member is at least partially abutted between the first wall and the connection terminal along the thickness direction of the first wall.
  • the battery cell further includes a connecting piece located on a peripheral side of the insulating piece and connected to the first wall. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the connection strength between the connecting terminal and the insulating member, facilitate the installation of the connecting terminal, and simplify the assembly process of the connecting piece.
  • the connector is welded to the housing. This arrangement is helpful to further improve the connection stability between the connection terminal and the first wall.
  • the insulating part is injection molded and connects the connecting part and the connecting terminal. In this way, it is helpful to simplify the manufacturing process of the battery cell and to improve the connection strength between the connecting terminal and the first wall.
  • connection terminal includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section connected to each other, and the first wall is disposed between the first sub-section and the second sub-section. This arrangement facilitates the connection between the connecting terminal and the first wall.
  • the first sub-section is riveted to the second sub-section. This arrangement is beneficial to improving the connection strength of the first sub-part and the second sub-part, and is beneficial to simplifying the connection process of the first sub-part and the second sub-part.
  • the housing includes a first wall and an electrode terminal disposed on the first wall.
  • the electrode terminal is used to transmit electrical energy and is insulated from the first wall.
  • the mounting hole is disposed through the electrode terminal along the thickness direction of the first wall.
  • the connection terminal is connected to the electrode terminal.
  • the battery cell further includes a current collector and an electrode assembly.
  • the current collector and the electrode assembly are accommodated in the casing.
  • the current collector is electrically connected to the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal.
  • the current collector has a through hole; the connection terminal passes through provided through the through hole; alternatively, the battery cell further includes a connecting wire, which passes through the through hole and is electrically connected to the connecting terminal. In this way, when the current collector covers the electrode terminal, the electrical connection between the connecting terminal and the components inside the battery cell can still be achieved, so that the connecting terminal can transmit information
  • the battery cell further includes a detection element.
  • the detection element is disposed in the accommodation cavity and is used to detect the working condition of the battery cell.
  • the detection element is electrically connected to the connection terminal.
  • the battery cells are provided with detection elements to detect the working conditions of the battery cells through the detection elements, which is beneficial to ensuring the normal operation of the battery cells and improving the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • the detection element includes a sensor. This further ensures the normal operation of the battery cells and improves the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery, including the battery cell as in any embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the battery provided according to the embodiments of the present application uses the battery cell provided in any of the above embodiments, and therefore has the same technical effect, which will not be described again here.
  • the battery further includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the connection terminal and used to transmit information with the connection terminal.
  • the control element can transmit information such as control signals to the connecting terminal, and then transmit it to the relevant execution components inside the battery cell through the connecting terminal, or the connecting terminal can transmit information such as pressure, temperature, stress, and gas composition inside the battery cell to
  • the control element is used to facilitate the control element to determine the working condition of the battery cell, to control the relevant components to adjust the working parameters, or to issue an alarm to facilitate the operator to adjust the working parameters of the battery. In this way, it is helpful to further ensure the normal operation of the battery and improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including a battery as in the embodiment of the second aspect, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the electrical device provided according to the embodiment of the present application uses the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application, and therefore has the same technical effect, which will not be described again here.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module in a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a front view of a battery cell with part of the structure omitted according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a front view of another battery cell with part of the structure omitted according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along B-B in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of Figure 7.
  • Figure 10 is a front view of another battery cell with part of the structure omitted according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along C-C in Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of Figure 10.
  • Figure 13 is a front view of another battery cell with part of the structure omitted according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along D-D in Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a partial enlarged view of E in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is another partial enlarged view of position E in Figure 14.
  • Vehicle 1a, motor; 1b, controller;
  • FIG. 30 Battery cell; 31. Shell; 31a, accommodation cavity; 31b, mounting hole; 311. housing; 311a, opening; 312. end cover; 313. first wall; 32. electrode assembly; 321. electrode body; 322. Poles; 33. Connecting terminals; 331. First sub-part; 332. Second sub-part; 33a. Protrusion; 34. Insulator; 34a, groove; 35. Electrode terminal; 36. Seal; 37 , connector; 38, current collection piece; 38a, through hole; 39, detection component;
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector;
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collecting part and a positive electrode convex part protruding from the positive electrode current collecting part, and the positive electrode current collecting part
  • the positive electrode convex part is coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and at least part of the positive electrode convex part is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode convex part serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collecting part and a negative electrode convex part protruding from the negative electrode current collecting part, and the negative electrode current collecting part
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the negative electrode active material layer, and at least part of the negative electrode protruding part is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode protruding part serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the separator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the inventor discovered that the safety performance of the battery cells was not high, he conducted a systematic analysis and research on the structure and working process of the battery cells. As a result, it was found that the battery cells experienced multiple charges and discharges during the working process. During the cycle, there are side reactions and gas is continuously produced, which causes a certain air pressure inside the battery cell, causing the risk of deformation and structural strength failure of the battery cell. In addition, the electrode components in the battery cell will expand during the cycle. , and the electrolyte inside the battery cells is continuously consumed. If the internal abnormalities that occur during the working process of these battery cells cannot be discovered in time, the operators will not be able to take necessary countermeasures. This will seriously affect the battery. Monolithic safety performance.
  • the inventor has improved the structure of the battery cell.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to battery cells, batteries containing battery cells, and electrical devices using batteries.
  • the battery cell provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a casing and an electrical connection terminal.
  • the casing has a mounting hole.
  • the connecting terminal is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole and is insulated from the casing.
  • the connecting terminal is used for connecting the inside and outside of the battery cell. Information exchange.
  • the battery cells provided in the embodiments of the present application can transmit the internal working conditions of the battery cells to external control elements in a timely manner through the connection terminals, or transmit the control signals of the external control elements to the interior of the battery cells.
  • the execution component is used to realize information exchange between the inside and outside of the battery cell, so as to facilitate real-time understanding of the internal working conditions of the battery cell, or to facilitate the timely transmission of control signals to the inside of the battery cell, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the battery cell. .
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • the following embodiments take the electrical device as a vehicle as an example.
  • a battery 10 is provided inside the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may be disposed at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 1b and a motor 1a.
  • the controller 1b is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 1a, for example, for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1 when driving.
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1, but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 includes battery cells (not shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the battery 10 may also include a case for housing the battery cells.
  • the box is used to accommodate battery cells, and the box can be of various structural forms.
  • the case may include a first case part 11 and a second case part 12 .
  • the first box part 11 and the second box part 12 cover each other.
  • the first box part 11 and the second box part 12 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating battery cells.
  • the second box part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box part 11 is a plate-like structure.
  • the first box part 11 is covered with the opening side of the second box part 12 to form a container with accommodating space.
  • Box The first box part 11 and the second box part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open.
  • the open side of the first box part 11 is covered with the open side of the second box part 12 to form a box with an accommodation space.
  • the first box part 11 and the second box part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • a sealing member such as sealant, sealing ring, etc., may be provided between the first box part 11 and the second box part 12 .
  • the first box part 11 can also be called an upper box cover, and the second box part 12 can also be called a lower box.
  • the battery 10 there may be one battery cell or a plurality of battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed. Hybrid connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, parallel, or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells can be accommodated in the box. Multiple battery cells can also be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery. Module 20. A plurality of battery modules 20 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module 20 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the battery module 20 has a plurality of battery cells 30 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 30 are first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery module 20 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 20 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole body, and are accommodated in the box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 30 in the battery module 20 can be electrically connected through bus components to realize parallel, series or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 30 in the battery module 20 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell 30 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the battery cell 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly 32 and a housing 31.
  • the housing 31 has a receiving cavity 31a, and the electrode assembly 32 is received in the receiving cavity 31a.
  • the housing 31 may include a housing 311 and an end cover 312.
  • the housing 311 is a hollow structure with an opening 311a on one side.
  • the end cover 312 covers the opening 311a of the housing 311 and forms a sealed connection.
  • a sealed space is formed for accommodating the electrode assembly 32 and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly 32 When assembling the battery cell 30, the electrode assembly 32 can be first placed into the case 311, and then the end cover 312 is closed with the opening 311a of the case 311, and then the electrolyte is injected into the case through the electrolyte injection port on the end cover 312. Within the body 311.
  • housing 31 may also be used to contain an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.
  • the housing 31 can have various structural forms.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 30 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing 311 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc.
  • the shape of the housing 311 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 32. For example, if the electrode assembly 32 has a cylindrical structure, the housing 311 can be selected to have a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 32 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the housing 311 may have a rectangular parallelepiped structure. In FIG. 4 , by way of example, both the housing 311 and the electrode assembly 32 have a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the housing 311 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Electrodes assemblies 32 There may be one or more electrode assemblies 32 accommodated in the housing 311 .
  • FIG. 4 there are two electrode assemblies 32 accommodated in the housing 311 .
  • the electrode assembly 32 includes an electrode body 321 and tabs 322 .
  • the tabs 322 are led out from the end of the electrode body 321 .
  • FIG. 5 shows a front view of a battery cell with part of the structure omitted according to the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along A-A in FIG. 5 .
  • the battery cell 30 provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 31 and a connecting terminal 33.
  • the housing 31 has a mounting hole 31b, and the connecting terminal 33 is at least partially disposed in the mounting hole 31b, and Insulated from the casing 31 , the connection terminal 33 is used for information exchange between the inside and outside of the battery cell 30 .
  • the mounting hole 31b may be in a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, or other irregular shapes, and may be set according to the specific shape of the connection terminal 33 .
  • the inner diameter of the mounting hole 31b may be fixed or variable.
  • the inner wall of the mounting hole 31b has a step.
  • connection terminal 33 may be in the shape of a column, a block, or other irregular shapes.
  • the housing 31 can have multiple interconnected wall portions, and the connection terminals 33 can be provided on one surface of the housing 31 , or the connection terminals 33 can be provided on different wall portions of the housing 31 .
  • the connection terminals 33 can be provided on one surface of the housing 31 .
  • One connection terminal 33 may be provided on one wall of the housing 31 , or multiple connection terminals 33 may be provided on one wall of the housing 31 .
  • the mounting hole 31b can be provided through the housing 31, and the connecting terminals 33 can all be located in the mounting hole 31b, or a part of the connecting terminals 33 can be located in the mounting hole 31b, as long as the connecting terminals 33 can be electrically connected to the battery cells. 30 internal and external related components are enough.
  • connection terminal 33 can be an optical fiber, a cable or a conductive structure, etc., so that the connection terminal 33 has the function of transmitting optical signals or electrical signals, and the optical signals and electrical signals can be used as information carriers. In this way, the connection terminal 33 can be used as an information transmission A part of the path that has the function of transmitting information.
  • the information transmitted by the connection terminal 33 may be at least one of the internal working conditions of the battery cell 30, such as pressure, temperature, gas content, etc., or a control element outside the battery cell 30 that controls the operation of the battery cell.
  • information external to the battery cell 30 can be transmitted to the inside of the battery cell 30 through the connection terminal 33 .
  • the connection terminal 33 can be connected to the inside of the battery 10
  • the lithium replenishment component and the control element outside the battery cell 30 are configured so that the control component transmits a control signal to the lithium replenishment component inside the battery cell 30 through the connection terminal 33, thereby causing the lithium replenishment component to release lithium ions or lithium cells in time to ensure The battery cell 30 operates normally.
  • the information inside the battery cell 30 can be transmitted to the outside of the battery cell 30 through the connection terminal 33 .
  • the connection terminal 33 can connect a pressure sensor inside the battery cell 30 and a control element outside the battery cell 30.
  • the pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure information inside the battery cell 30 to the control element through the connection terminal 33. This is to facilitate the control element to determine whether there is a risk of excessive pressure in the battery cell 30 and to facilitate the control element to control the actions of relevant components to eliminate the hidden danger of excessive pressure inside the battery cell 30 .
  • connection terminal 33 may be connected to a wire, an optical fiber, a cable, etc.
  • connection terminal 33 may be electrically connected to a control component outside the battery cell 30 through a wire, and may be electrically connected to a sensor or other components inside the battery cell 30 through a cable.
  • the housing 31 by arranging the housing 31 to have a mounting hole 31b and arranging the connection terminal 33 at least partially in the mounting hole 31b, information interaction between the inside and outside of the battery cell 30 can be realized, so as to connect the battery to the battery cell 30 .
  • Information such as the internal working conditions of the battery cell 30 is transmitted to the outside of the battery cell 30 , or information such as control signals from the outside of the battery cell 30 is transmitted to the inside of the battery cell 30 , so that the relevant components inside the battery cell 30 can communicate with each other.
  • Information exchange between relevant components outside the battery cell 30 ensures the normal operation of the battery cell 30 and is conducive to improving the safety performance of the battery cell 30 .
  • Figure 7 shows a front view of another battery cell with part of the structure omitted.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view along B-B in Figure 7 .
  • Figure 9 is a schematic exploded structural view of Figure 7 .
  • a plurality of mounting holes 31 b are provided at intervals, and a connection terminal 33 is provided in each mounting hole 31 b.
  • the battery cell 30 usually needs to transmit a variety of information such as temperature, pressure, gas composition, etc., and for some information, multiple wires are often required to transmit at the same time. Therefore, the battery cell 30 is provided with multiple connecting terminals 33 arranged at intervals to facilitate It realizes the information transmission between the inside and outside of the battery cell 30 and facilitates the simultaneous transmission of various information between the inside and outside of the battery cell 30 .
  • connection terminal 33 in order to achieve insulation between the connection terminal 33 and the housing 31 , an insulating member may be additionally provided between the connection terminal 33 and the housing 31 , or the connection terminal 33 itself may be provided with an insulating member.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes an insulating member 34 that is at least partially disposed between the connection terminal 33 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 31 b.
  • insulating member 34 may be disposed between the inner wall of the mounting hole 31 b and the connecting terminal 33 , or the entire insulating member 34 may be disposed between the inner wall of the mounting hole 31 b and the connecting terminal 33 .
  • the insulating member 34 may be in a tubular shape and be located between the electrode assembly 32 and the connection terminal 33 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 31 b.
  • the insulating member 34 includes an annular portion and an annular protruding portion protruding outward at the end of the portion, wherein the annular portion is located between the inner wall of the mounting hole 31b and the connection terminal 33, and the protruding portion is located between the housing 31 and the connecting terminal 33. side surface to limit the insulating member 34.
  • connection terminal 33 and the housing 31 can be insulated from each other, so that the connection terminal 33 can transmit information more accurately and quickly.
  • one of the connecting terminal 33 and the insulating member 34 is formed with a groove 34a, and the other is formed with a protrusion 33a, and the groove 34a and the protrusion 33a cooperate with each other. .
  • the groove 34a and the protrusion 33a can be arranged in an annular shape, surrounding the connection terminal 33, or the groove 34a and the protrusion 33a can be arranged in a fan-ring shape, that is, a part of an annular shape.
  • the connection terminal 33 and the insulating member 34 can be mutually limited.
  • connection terminal 33 may be provided with a groove 34 a and the insulating member 34 may be provided with a protrusion 33 a , or the connection terminal 33 may be provided with a protrusion 33 a and the insulating member 34 may be provided with a groove 34 a .
  • connection terminal 33 and the insulating member 34 are limited, thereby reducing the risk of mutual movement between the two.
  • an annular protrusion 33 a is formed on the peripheral surface of the connection terminal 33
  • an annular groove 34 a is formed on the inner wall of the insulating member 34 .
  • connection terminal 33 The size of the connection terminal 33 is usually small, and the protrusion 33a is provided on the connection terminal 33 to facilitate the processing of the connection terminal 33.
  • the protrusion 33a and the groove 34a are both arranged in an annular shape, which improves the limiting effect of the protrusion 33a and the groove 34a on the connection terminal 33 and the insulating member 34. Since the protrusion 33a and the groove 34a are annular, the Along the circumferential direction of the protrusion 33a and the groove 34a, they can be matched at any position, which helps to reduce the difficulty of assembling the connection terminal 33 and the insulating member 34.
  • the height of the protrusion 33a protruding from the surface of the connection terminal 33 is not limited and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the distance h1 by which the protrusion 33a protrudes from the peripheral surface of the connection terminal 33 satisfies: h1 ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • the distance h1 by which the protrusion 33a protrudes from the peripheral surface of the connection terminal 33 can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm or 1mm, etc., and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the height of the protrusion 33a protruding from the peripheral surface of the connection terminal 33 satisfies the above relationship, which is beneficial to ensuring the mating area of the protrusion 33a and the groove 34a, and is conducive to ensuring the mutual interaction between the connection terminal 33 and the insulating member 34.
  • connection terminal 33 may be formed with one protrusion 33a, or one connection terminal 33 may have a plurality of protrusions 33a arranged at intervals.
  • connection terminal 33 is formed with a plurality of protrusions 33a arranged at intervals, and the distance L between adjacent protrusions 33a satisfies L ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • L can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm or 1mm, etc., and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • a plurality of protrusions 33a can be arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mounting hole 31b.
  • the connection terminal 33 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 33a arranged at intervals, which is conducive to further ensuring that the matching area between the protrusions 33a and the groove 34a is ensured.
  • the connecting terminal 33 and the insulating member 34 have a mutual limiting effect.
  • the plurality of protrusions 33a can be arranged at even intervals, or at any suitable interval. There is no restriction here, and the selection can be made according to actual needs.
  • the housing 31 includes a first wall 313 through which the mounting hole 31b is disposed.
  • the first wall 313 may be part of the housing 311 , or the first wall 313 may be part of the end cap 312 .
  • the first wall 313 includes a part of the housing 311 and a part of the end cover 312 , that is, mounting holes 31 b are provided on both the housing 311 and the end cover 312 .
  • the specific settings can be made according to actual needs.
  • the mounting hole 31b may be cylindrical, elliptical, or other shapes, and may be specifically set according to the shape of the connecting terminal 33 .
  • the installation hole 31b is provided through the first wall 313 to facilitate the installation of the connection terminal 33.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes an electrode terminal 35 provided on the first wall 313 .
  • the electrode terminal 35 is used for transmitting electric energy and is spaced apart from the connection terminal 33 .
  • the electrode terminals 35 are used to transmit electric energy and can be electrically connected to the tabs 322 of the electrode assembly 32 inside the battery cell 30. Alternatively, the electrode terminals 35 can be electrically connected to the lithium replenishing components inside the battery 10 through wires to ensure that the electrode terminals 35 are electrically connected to each other when appropriate. The electric energy is transmitted to the lithium replenishing component at the right time, so that the lithium replenishing component releases lithium cells or lithium ions.
  • the electrode terminals 35 and the connection terminals 33 are spaced apart to reduce the risk of electrical conduction between the two and affecting the normal operation of the battery cell 30 .
  • connection terminal 33 or the electrode terminal 35 may protrude from the surface of the housing 31, and the connection terminal 33 is usually connected to external control components through wires, the connection terminal 33, the electrode terminal 35 and the wires will occupy Part of the extra space outside the casing 31, and the connection terminals 33 and the electrode terminals 35 are arranged on the first wall 313, can reduce the additional external space of the battery cell 30 occupied by the connection terminals 33 and the electrode terminals 35, and facilitate the battery cells.
  • the composition of the battery 10 is beneficial to reducing the volume of the battery 10 after the battery cells 30 are assembled, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery 10 .
  • the electrode terminals 35 on the same side of the wall 313 protrude by a distance from the first wall 313 .
  • the connecting terminal 33 protrudes from the first wall 313 by a distance, that is, the distance between the end surface of the connecting terminal 33 along the thickness direction X and the first wall 313 .
  • the distance by which the electrode terminal 35 protrudes from the first wall 313 is the distance between the end surface of the electrode terminal 35 along the thickness direction X and the first wall 313 .
  • connection terminals 33 do not protrude from the electrode terminals 35 on either side of the first wall 313 along the thickness direction , after the battery cells 30 are grouped, reducing the volume inside the battery 10 occupied by the battery cells 30 is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery 10 .
  • Figure 10 shows a front view of another battery cell with part of the structure omitted according to the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of Figure 10 along C-C;
  • Figure 12 shows Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes a sealing member 36 .
  • the sealing member 36 at least partially abuts the first wall 313 and the connection terminal. between 33.
  • connection terminal 33 may be provided with a sealing surface disposed opposite to a portion of the first wall 313 , and the sealing member 36 is provided between the first wall 313 and the sealing surface of the connection terminal 33 to achieve sealing between the inside and outside of the housing 31 . .
  • the sealing member 36 may be disposed inside the mounting hole 31b, or the sealing member 36 may be disposed outside the mounting hole 31b.
  • the sealing member 36 may be disposed on a side of the first wall 313 away from the accommodation cavity 31a. , or, the sealing member 36 can also be provided on the side of the first wall 313 close to the accommodation cavity 31a.
  • Providing the seal 36 is conducive to sealing the accommodation cavity 31a of the battery cell 30, reducing the risk of external impurities entering the battery cell 30 and corroding the battery cell 30, and reducing electrolyte leakage inside the battery cell 30. risks of.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes a connecting member 37 , which is located on the peripheral side of the insulating member 34 and connected to the first wall 313 .
  • the connecting member 37 may be welded, riveted, adhesively connected, etc. with the first wall 313 . If the connecting piece 37 is provided and is located on the peripheral side of the insulating piece 34, then during the manufacturing process of the battery cell 30, the connecting terminal 33 can be connected to the connecting piece 37 through the insulating piece 34, and then the connecting piece can be connected. 37 is connected to the first wall 313.
  • the connecting member 37, the insulating member 34 and the connecting terminal 33 may be formed through an injection molding process.
  • connection strength between the connecting terminal 33 and the insulating member 34 is improved, the installation of the connecting terminal 33 is facilitated, and the assembly process of the connecting member 37 is simplified.
  • the connector 37 is welded to the housing 31 . This arrangement is helpful to further improve the connection stability between the connection terminal 33 and the housing 31 .
  • the insulating member 34 is injection molded and connects the fixing member and the connection terminal 33 .
  • connection terminal 33 includes a first sub-part 331 and a second sub-part 332 connected to each other, and the first wall 313 is provided between the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 331 . between 332.
  • first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332 may be connected by welding, riveting or threading.
  • the sealing member 36 may be provided between the first sub-section 331 and the first wall 313, or the sealing member 36 may be provided between the second sub-section 332 and the first wall 313. between walls 313.
  • the specific selection can be made according to actual needs.
  • one of the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332 may be provided with a protruding part, and the protruding part may be provided in the mounting hole 31b, and the protruding part may be arranged in contact with the first sub-part 331 and The other of the second sub-sections 332 is connected.
  • both the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332 may be provided with protruding parts, and the protruding parts are provided in the mounting holes 31b, and the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332 are connected through the protruding parts.
  • connection terminal 33 is provided to include a first sub-part 331 and a second sub-part 332, and the first wall 313 is provided between the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332 to facilitate the connection between the connection terminal 33 and the first wall 313. connect.
  • the first sub-section 331 and the second sub-section 332 are riveted.
  • one of the first sub-portion 331 and the second sub-portion 332 can be provided with a riveting boss and the other has a riveting hole.
  • the riveting boss is passed through the riveting hole and inserted into the riveting hole, and then the riveting boss is inserted into the riveting hole.
  • the riveting boss is punched so that the brain boss and the riveting hole are riveted.
  • This arrangement is beneficial to improving the connection strength of the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332, and is beneficial to simplifying the connection process of the first sub-part 331 and the second sub-part 332.
  • Figure 13 shows a front view of another battery cell 30 provided by the embodiment of the present application with part of the structure omitted;
  • Figure 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along D-D in Figure 13;
  • Figures 15 and 16 are respectively The partial enlarged view of E in Figure 14 in different embodiments.
  • the housing 31 includes a first wall 313 and an electrode terminal 35 provided on the first wall 313 .
  • the electrode terminal 35 is used to transmit electrical energy and is insulated from the first wall 313
  • the mounting hole 31b is provided through the electrode terminal 35 along the thickness direction X of the first wall 313, and the connection terminal 33 is connected to the electrode terminal 35.
  • the electrode terminal 35 may be electrically connected to the tab 322 of the electrode assembly 32 inside the battery cell 30 , or the electrode terminal 35 may be electrically connected to a lithium supplementing member inside the battery cell 30 through a wire. You can choose according to actual needs.
  • Providing the mounting hole 31b through the electrode terminal 35 and connecting the connecting terminal 33 to the electrode terminal 35 is beneficial to saving the space of the first wall 313, facilitating the installation of other components on the first wall 313, and is beneficial to realizing various functions of the battery cell 30. Reasonable arrangement of components.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes a current collector 38 and an electrode assembly 32 .
  • the current collector 38 and the electrode assembly 32 are accommodated in the housing 31 .
  • the current collector 38 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 32 and the electrode terminal 35, the current collector 38 has a through hole 38a.
  • the connection terminal 33 is disposed through the through hole 38 a, or the battery cell 30 further includes a connection wire that passes through the through hole 38 a and is electrically connected to the connection terminal 33 .
  • connection terminal 33 is usually electrically connected to components such as sensors inside the battery cell 30 through wires such as cables.
  • the current collector 38 is provided with a through hole 38a, and the connection terminal 33 can be passed through the through hole 38a, or the connecting wire can be passed through the through hole 38a, so that the connection terminal 33 or the wire can be connected to each other through the current collector 38.
  • connection terminal 33 can still be electrically connected to the components inside the battery cell 30 , so that the connection terminal 33 can transmit information.
  • the battery cell 30 also includes a detection element 39.
  • the detection element 39 is disposed in the accommodation cavity 31a and is used to detect the working condition of the battery cell 30.
  • the detection element 39 and the connection terminal 33 Electrical connection.
  • the detection element 39 may be a sensor or the like, which may be used to detect information such as pressure, temperature or gas composition inside the battery cell 30 . And the above information is transmitted to the control components and other components outside the battery cell 30 through the connection terminal 33, so that the control components and other components can promptly adjust the relevant working parameters according to the working conditions of the battery cell 30 to ensure the operation of the battery cell 30. normal work.
  • configuring the battery cell 30 to include a detection element 39 to detect the working condition of the battery cell 30 through the detection element 39 is beneficial to ensuring the normal operation of the battery cell 30 and improving the safety performance of the battery cell 30 .
  • detection element 39 includes a sensor.
  • the detection element 39 may be at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas component detection sensor, or a stress sensor.
  • the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, gas component detection sensor, and stress sensor may be used to detect the battery cell 30 respectively.
  • Working parameters such as internal air pressure, temperature of related structures, content of gas components inside the battery cell 30 and internal stress of related components such as the electrode assembly 32 are transmitted to the control element outside the battery cell 30 through the connecting terminal 33 etc., to realize the information interaction between the inside and outside of the battery cell 30.
  • the control element determines whether the transmitted working parameters are within the normal working range. If there are any abnormalities, the relevant working parameters can be adjusted in time to further ensure the normal operation of the battery cell 30. , improve the safety performance of the battery cell 30.
  • the battery 10 provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes the battery cell 30 provided in any of the above embodiments.
  • the battery 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the battery cell 30 provided in any of the above embodiments, and therefore has the same technical effect, which will not be described again here.
  • the battery 10 further includes a control element, which is electrically connected to the connection terminal 33 and used to transmit transmission information with the connection terminal 33 .
  • control element can transmit control signals and other information to the connection terminal 33 and transmit it to relevant execution components inside the battery cell 30 through the connection terminal 33 , or the connection terminal 33 can transmit the pressure and temperature inside the battery cell 30 , stress, gas composition and other information are transmitted to the control element, so that the control element can judge the working condition of the battery cell 30, and the control element can control the relevant components to adjust the working parameters, or the control element can issue an alarm to facilitate the operator to adjust the work of the battery 10. parameter.
  • configuring the battery 10 to include control components is helpful to further ensure the normal operation of the battery 10 and to improve the safety performance of the battery 10 .
  • the electrical device provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes the battery 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置，电池单体包括外壳和连接端子，外壳具有安装孔；连接端子至少部分设置于安装孔，并与外壳绝缘设置，连接端子用于电池单体的内部与外部的信息交互。本申请提供的电池单体，可以实现电池单体内部与外部的信息交互，以将电池单体内部的工作情况等信息传输到电池单体的外部，或者将电池单体外部的控制信号等信息传输到电池单体的内部，便于电池单体内部的相关元器件与电池单体外部的相关元器件之间的信息交互，以保证电池单体的正常工作，有利于提高电池单体的安全性能。

Description

电池单体、电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
电池广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。
在电池单体技术的发展中，除了提高电池单体的使用性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。因此，如何提高电池单体的安全性能，是电池单体技术中一个持续改进的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置，有利于提高电池单体的安全性能。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体包括外壳和连接端子，外壳具有安装孔；连接端子至少部分设置于安装孔，并与外壳绝缘设置，连接端子用于电池单体的内部与外部的信息交互。
本申请实施例提供的电池单体，通过设置外壳具有安装孔，并将连接端子至少部分设置于安装孔内，可以实现电池单体内部与外部的信息交互，以将电池单体内部的工作情况等信息传输到电池单体的外部，或者将电池单体外部的控制信号等信息传输到电池单体的内部，便于电池单体内部的相关元器件与电池单体外部的相关元器件之间的信息交互，以保证电池单体的正常工作，有利于提高电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，多个安装孔间隔设置，每一安装孔内设置有连接端子。
如此设置，便于实现电池单体内部与外部的信息传递，并便于实现电池单体的内部与外部之间的多种信息同时传递的功能。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括绝缘件，绝缘件至少部分设置于连接端子和安装孔的内壁之间。
如此，可以实现连接端子与外壳的相互绝缘，以使连接端子更准确、快速地传递信息。
在一些实施例中，连接端子与绝缘件中的一者形成有凹槽，另一者形成有凸起，凹槽与凸起相互配合。通过凹槽和凸起的配合，实现对连接端子和绝缘件的限位，降低二者产生相互窜动的风险。
在一些实施例中，连接端子的周侧表面形成有环形的凸起，绝缘件的内壁形成有环形的凹槽。如此，在提高凸台和凹槽对连接端子和绝缘件的限位作用的同时，有利于降低连接端子与绝缘件的装配难度。
在一些实施例中，凸起凸出连接端子周侧表面的距离h1满足：h1≥0.1mm。如此，有利于保证凸起和凹槽相互配合的面积，有利于保证连接端子和绝缘件的相互限位的作用。
在一些实施例中，连接端子形成有多个间隔设置的凸起，相邻两凸起的间距L满足：L≥0.1mm。设置连接端子形成有多个间隔设置的凸起，有利于进一步保证凸起与凹槽相配合的面积，以进一步保证连接端子和绝缘件的相互限位作用。设置相邻凸起的间距L满足上述关系，便于凸起和凹槽的加工，也有利于进一步提高凸起和凹槽的配合对连接端子和绝缘件的限位作用。
在一些实施例中，外壳包括第一壁，安装孔贯穿第一壁设置。设置安装孔贯穿第一壁设置，便于连接端子的安装。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括设于第一壁的电极端子，电极端子用于传输电能，并与连接端子间隔设置。电极端子与连接端子间隔设置，降低二者电导通而影响电池单体正常工作的风险。且将电极端子和连接端子均设于第一壁，可以减少因设置连接端子和电极端子而额外占用的电池单体的外部空间，便于电池单体的成组为电池，且有利于减小电池单体成组后的电池的体积，以提高电池的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，沿第一壁的厚度方向，连接端子凸出第一壁距离小于或者等于电极端子凸出第一壁同侧的距离。如此，降低因设置连接端子而占用电池单体外部沿厚度方向的额外空间，在电池单体成组后，降低电池单体占用的电池内部的体积，有利于提高电池的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括密封件，沿第一壁的厚度方向，密封件至少部分抵接于第一壁与连接端子之间。设置密封件，有利于实现对电池单体的容纳腔的密封，降低外部的杂质进入电池单体内部而腐蚀电池单体的风险，并降低电池单体内部的电解液泄漏的风险。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括连接件，连接件位于绝缘件的周侧，并与第一壁连接。如此，有利于提高连接端子与绝缘件的连接强度，且便于连接端子的安装，简化连接件的组装工艺。
在一些实施例中，连接件与外壳焊接连接。如此设置，有利于进一步提高连接端子与第一壁的连接稳定性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件注塑成型，并连接连接件和连接端子。如此，有利于简化电池单体的制造工艺，并有利于提高连接端子与第一壁的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，连接端子包括相互连接的第一子部和第二子部，第一壁设于第一子部和第二子部之间。如此设置，便于实现连接端子和第一壁的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一子部与第二子部铆接连接。如此设置，有利于提高第一子部和第二子部的连接强度，并有利于简化第一子部和第二子部的连接工艺。
在一些实施例中，外壳包括第一壁和设置于第一壁的电极端子，电极端子用于传输电能，并与第一壁绝缘设置，安装孔沿第一壁的厚度方向贯穿电极端子设置，连接端子连接于电极端子。如此，有利于节省第一壁的空间，便于在第一壁设置其他构件，有利于实现电池单体的各构件的合理排布。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括集流件和电极组件，集流件和电极组件容纳于外壳内，集流件电连接电极组件和电极端子，集流件具有通孔；连接端子穿过通孔设置；或者，电池单体还包括连接导线，连接导线穿过通孔，并与连接端子电连接。如此，在集流件覆盖电极端子的情况下，依然能够实现连接端子与电池单体内部的元器件的电连接，以便于连接端子传输信息
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括检测元件，检测元件设置于容纳腔内，并用于检测电池单体的工作情况，检测元件与连接端子电连接。设置电池单体包括检测元件，以通过检测元件检测电池单体的工作情况，有利于保证电池单体的正常工作，并提高电池单体的安全性能
在一些实施例中，检测元件包括传感器。进一步保证电池单体的正常工作，提高电池单体的安全性能。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括如第一方面任一实施例的电池单体。
根据本申请实施例提供的电池，由于采用上述任一实施例提供的电池单体，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括控制单元，控制单元电连接连接端子，并用于与连接端子传输信息。
控制元件可以将控制信号等信息传输给连接端子，并通过连接端子传输到电池单体内部的相关执行构件，或者，连接端子将电池单体内部的压力、温度、应力以及气体成分等信息传输给控制元件，以便于控制元件判断电池单体的工作情况，便于控制元件控制相关元器件调整工作参数，或者控制元件发出警报，便于操作人员调整电池的工作参数。如此，有利于进一步保证电池的正常工作，由于提高电池的安全性能。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括如第二方面实施例的电池，电池用于提供电能。
根据本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了本申请实施例提供的电池，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施 例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的电池中电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体省略部分结构的主视图；
图6为图5沿A-A的剖视结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池单体省略部分结构的主视图；
图8为图7沿B-B的剖视结构示意图；
图9为图7的爆炸结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种电池单体省略部分结构的主视图；
图11为图10沿C-C的剖视结构示意图；
图12为图10的爆炸结构示意图；
图13本申请实施例提供的再一种电池单体省略部分结构的主视图；
图14为图13沿D-D的剖视结构示意图；
图15为图14中E处的一种局部放大图；
图16为图14中E处的另一种局部放大图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
附图标记说明：
1、车辆；1a、马达；1b、控制器；
10、电池；11、第一箱体部；12、第二箱体部；
20、电池模块；
30、电池单体；31、外壳；31a、容纳腔；31b、安装孔；311、壳体；311a、开口；312、端盖；313、第一壁；32、电极组件；321、电极主体；322、极耳；33、连接端子；331、第一子部；332、第二子部；33a、凸起；34、绝缘件；34a、凹槽；35、电极端子；36、密封件；37、连接件；38、集流件；38a、通孔；39、检测元件；
X、厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为 了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，C和/或D，可以表示：单独存在C，同时存在C和D，单独存在D这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和分隔件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和凸出于正极集流部的正极凸部，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极凸部的至少部分未涂覆正极活性物质层，正极凸部作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和凸出于负极集流部的负极凸部，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极凸部的至少 部分未涂覆负极活性物质层，负极凸部作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。分隔件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
发明人发现电池单体的安全性能不高的问题后，便对电池单体的结构和工作过程进行了系统的分析和研究，结果发现，电池单体在工作的过程中，多次经历充放电循环，存在副反应，持续产生气体，使得电池单体内部存在一定气压，导致电池单体有变形和结构强度失效的风险，另外，电池单体内的电极组件在循环周期内，会发生膨胀的现象，而电池单体内部的电解液不断被消耗掉，这些电池单体的工作过程中出现的内部异常现象如果不能被及时发现，操作人员便无法采取必要的应对措施，如此，将会严重影响电池单体的安全性能。
基于发明人发现的上述问题，发明人对电池单体的结构进行了改进，本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池单体、包含电池单体的电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
根据本申请实施例提供的电池单体包括外壳和电连接端子，外壳具有安装孔，连接端子至少部分设置于安装孔，并与外壳绝缘设置，连接端子用于电池单体的内部与外部的的信息交互。
本申请实施例提供的电池单体，通过设置连接端子，可以通过连接端子将电池单体内部的工作状况及时传输给外部的控制元件，或者将外部的控制元件的控制信号传送到电池单体内部的执行部件，以实现电池单体内部和外部的信息交互，便于实时了解电池单体内部的工作状况，或者，便于及时向电池单体内部传送控制信号，有利于提高电池单体的安全性能够。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池10。电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器1b和马达1a。控制器1b用来控制电池10为马达1a供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作 为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
参见图2所示，电池10包括电池单体(图2未示出)。电池10还可以包括用于容纳电池单体的箱体。
箱体用于容纳电池单体，箱体可以是多种结构形式。在一些实施例中，箱体可以包括第一箱体部部11和第二箱体部12。第一箱体部11与第二箱体部12相互盖合。第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间。第二箱体部12可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部11为板状结构，第一箱体部11盖合于第二箱体部12的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体；第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12也可以均为一侧开口的空心结构。第一箱体部11的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部12的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体。当然，第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12连接后的密封性，第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12之间还可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部11盖合于第二箱体部12，第一箱体部11亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部12亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池10中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联。混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体内，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20。多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，图3为图2所示的电池模块20的结构示意图。在电池模块20中，电池单体30为多个。多个电池单体30先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20。多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
在一些实施例，电池模块20中的多个电池单体30之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块20中的多个电池单体30的并联或串联或混联。
请参照图4，图4为图3所示的电池单体30的爆炸示意图。本申请实施例提供的电池单体30包括电极组件32和外壳31，外壳31具有容纳腔31a，电极组件32容纳于容纳腔31a内。
在一些实施例中，外壳31可以包括壳体311和端盖312，壳体311为一侧具有开口311a的空心结构，端盖312盖合于壳体311的开口311a处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件32和电解质的密封空间。
在组装电池单体30时，可先将电极组件32放入壳体311内，再将端盖312盖合于壳体311的开口311a，然后经由端盖312上的电解质注入口将电解质注入壳体311内。
在一些实施例中，外壳31还可用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。外壳31可以是多种结构形式。
如图4示出了本申请实施例提供的电池单体30的结构示意图。
壳体311可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体311的形状可以根 据电极组件32的具体形状来确定。例如，若电极组件32为圆柱体结构，壳体311则可选用为圆柱体结构。若电极组件32为长方体结构，壳体311则可选用长方体结构。在图4中，示例性地，壳体311和电极组件32均为长方体结构。
壳体311的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
容纳于壳体311内的电极组件32可以是一个或多个。在图4中，容纳于壳体311内的电极组件32为两个。
电极组件32包括电极主体321和极耳322，极耳322由电极主体321的端部引出。
如图5示出了本申请实施例提供的电池单体省略部分结构后的主视图，如图6示出了图5沿A-A的剖视结构示意图。
如图4、图5和图6所示，根据本申请实施例提供的电池单体30包括外壳31和连接端子33，外壳31具有安装孔31b，连接端子33至少部分设置于安装孔31b，并与外壳31绝缘设置，连接端子33用于电池单体30的内部与外部的信息交互。
可选地，安装孔31b可以呈圆柱形、椭圆柱形或者其它不规则形状，可以根据连接端子33的具体的形状进行设置。安装孔31b的内径可以是固定的，也可以是变化的，示例性地，安装孔31b的内壁具有台阶。
连接端子33可以呈柱形、块状或者其它不规则形状。
可以理解的是，外壳31可以具有多个相互连接的壁部，可以在外壳31的一个表面上设置连接端子33，也可以在外壳31的不同壁部上均设置连接端子33，当然，在外壳31的一个壁部可以设置一个连接端子33，或者，在外壳31的一个壁部上设置多个连接端子33。
可选地，安装孔31b可以贯穿外壳31设置，连接端子33可以全部位于安装孔31b内，或者，可以设置连接端子33的一部分位于安装孔31b内，只要能够实现连接端子33电连接电池单体30内部和外的相关元器件即可。
连接端子33可以是光纤、电缆或者导电结构等，以使连接端子33具有传输光信号或者电信号等功能，而光信号和电信号可以作为信息的载体，如此，连接端子33便可以作为信息传输路径中的一部分，具有传递信息的功能。
可选地，连接端子33传输的信息，可以是电池单体30内部的工作情况，如压力、温度以及气体含量等信息中的至少一者，或者，电池单体30外部的控制元件对电池单体30内部元器件发出的控制信号等。
可选地，可以通过连接端子33将电池单体30外部的信息，如电池10的控制元件发出的控制信号等，传递到电池单体30内部，示例性地，连接端子33可以连接电池10内部的补锂构件和电池单体30外部的控制元件，以使控制元件通过连接端子33向电池单体30内部的补锂构件传送控制信号，进而使补锂构件及时释放锂离子或者锂单子，保证电池单体30的正常工作。
可选地，可以通过连接端子33将电池单体30内部的信息，如电池单体30的内部气压、温度等，传递到电池单体30的外部。示例性地，连接端子33可以连接电池单 体30内部的压力传感器和电池单体30外部的控制元件，压力传感器将检测到的电池单体30内部的压力信息通过连接端子33传递到控制元件，以便于控制元件判断电池单体30是否存在压力过高的风险，便于控制元件控制相关元器件动作，以消除电池单体30内部压力过高的隐患。
根据连接端子33需要传输的信号的形式的不同，与连接端子33连接的可以是导线、光纤或者电缆等。示例性地，连接端子33可以通过导线与电池单体30外部的控制元件电连接，并通过电缆与电池单体30内部的传感器等元器件电连接。
本申请实施例提供的电池单体30，通过设置外壳31具有安装孔31b，并将连接端子33至少部分设置于安装孔31b内，可以实现电池单体30内部与外部的信息交互，以将电池单体30内部的工作情况等信息传输到电池单体30的外部，或者将电池单体30外部的控制信号等信息传输到电池单体30的内部，便于电池单体30内部的相关元器件与电池单体30外部的相关元器件之间的信息交互，以保证电池单体30的正常工作，有利于提高电池单体30的安全性能。
如图7示出了另一种电池单体省略部分结构后的主视图，图8为图7沿B-B的剖视结构示意图，图9为图7的爆炸结构示意图。
如图7至图9所示，在一些实施例中，多个安装孔31b间隔设置，每一个安装孔31b内设置有连接端子33。
电池单体30通常需要传递多种如温度、压力以及气体成分等信息，且对于一些信息，往往需要多根导线同时传输，因此，设置电池单体30具有多个间隔设置的连接端子33，便于实现电池单体30内部与外部的信息传递，并便于实现电池单体30的内部与外部之间的多种信息同时传递的功能。
可选地，为了实现连接端子33与外壳31的绝缘，可以在连接端子33与外壳31之间额外设置绝缘构件，或者，可以设置连接端子33自身具有绝缘构件。
在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括绝缘件34，绝缘件34至少部分设置于连接端子33和安装孔31b的内壁之间。
可选地，可以设置绝缘件34的一部分位于安装孔31b的内壁与连接端子33之间，或者，设置绝缘件34的全部位于安装孔31b的内壁与连接端子33之间。
可选地，绝缘件34可以呈管状，并位于电极组件32与连接端子33与安装孔31b的内壁之间。或者，绝缘件34包括呈环形的分以及该部分的端部向外凸出的环形凸出部，其中，环形的部分位于安装孔31b内壁与连接端子33之间，凸出部位于外壳31一侧的表面，以对绝缘件34进行限位。
因此，设置绝缘件34，可以实现连接端子33与外壳31的相互绝缘，以使连接端子33更准确、快速地传递信息。
如图5和图6所示，在一些实施例中，连接端子33与绝缘件34中的一者形成有凹槽34a，另一者形成有凸起33a，凹槽34a与凸起33a相互配合。
可选地，凹槽34a和凸起33a可以呈环形设置，环绕在连接端子33的一周，或者，设置凹槽34a和凸起33a呈扇环形，即环形的一部分。均可以实现连接端子33和绝缘件34的相互限位。
可选地，可以设置连接端子33上形成有凹槽34a，绝缘件34上形成有凸起33a，或者，设置连接端子33上形成有凸起33a，绝缘件34上形成有凹槽34a。
通过凹槽34a和凸起33a的配合，实现对连接端子33和绝缘件34的限位，降低二者产生相互窜动的风险。
继续参阅图5和图6，在一些实施例中，连接端子33的周侧表面形成有环形的凸起33a，绝缘件34的内壁形成有环形的凹槽34a。
连接端子33的尺寸通常较小，将凸起33a设置在连接端子33上，便于连接端子33的加工。而设置凸起33a和凹槽34a均呈环形设置，在提高凸起33a和凹槽34a对连接端子33和绝缘件34的限位作用的同时，由于凸起33a和凹槽34a呈环形，则沿凸起33a和凹槽34a的周向，二者可以在任意位置配合，如此，有利于降低连接端子33与绝缘件34的装配难度。
凸起33a凸出连接端子33表面的高度不做限制，可以根据实际需要进行选取。
在一些实施例中，凸起33a凸出连接端子33周侧表面的距离h1满足：h1≥0.1mm。
示例性地，凸起33a凸出连接端子33周侧表面的距离h1可以为0.1mm、0.2mm、0.5mm或者1mm等，可以根据实际需求进行选取。
可以理解的是，设置凸起33a凸出连接端子33周侧表面的高度满足上述关系，有利于保证凸起33a和凹槽34a相互配合的面积，有利于保证连接端子33和绝缘件34的相互限位的作用。
一个连接端子33可以形成有一个凸起33a，或者，一个连接端子33具有多个间隔设置的凸起33a。
在一些实施例中，连接端子33形成有多个间隔设置的凸起33a，相邻凸起33a的间距L满足L≥0.1mm。
示例性地，L可以为0.1mm、0.2mm、0.5mm或者1mm等，可以根据实际需求进行选取。
多个凸起33a可以沿安装孔31b的轴向间隔设置，设置连接端子33形成有多个间隔设置的凸起33a，有利于进一步保证凸起33a与凹槽34a相配合的面积，以进一步保证连接端子33和绝缘件34的相互限位作用。
沿安装孔31b的轴向，多个凸起33a可以均匀间隔设置，或者以任意合适的间距间隔设置，这里不做限制，可以根据实际需要进行选取。
设置相邻凸起33a的间距L满足上述关系，便于凸起33a和凹槽34a的加工，也有利于进一步提高凸起33a和凹槽34a的配合对连接端子33和绝缘件34的限位作用。
在一些实施例中，外壳31包括第一壁313，安装孔31b贯穿第一壁313设置。
可选地，第一壁313可以是壳体311的一部分，或者，第一壁313可以是端盖312的一部分。或者，第一壁313包括壳体311的一部分以及端盖312的一部分，即在壳体311和端盖312上均设置有安装孔31b。具体可以根据实际需要进行设置。
安装孔31b可以呈圆柱状、椭圆柱状或者其它形状，可以根据连接端子33的形状具体设置。设置安装孔31b贯穿第一壁313设置，便于连接端子33的安装。
在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括设于第一壁313的电极端子35，电极端子35用于传输电能，并与连接端子33间隔设置。
电极端子35用于传输电能，则可以与电池单体30内部的电极组件32的极耳322导电连接，或者，电极端子35可以通过导线与电池10内部的补锂构件等电连接，以在合适的时机向补锂构件传输电能，使的补锂构件释放锂单子或者锂离子。
电极端子35与连接端子33间隔设置，降低二者电导通而影响电池单体30正常工作的风险。
可以理解的是，由于电连接端子33或者电极端子35可能会凸出外壳31的表面设置，且连接端子33通常通过导线与外部的控制元件连接，则连接端子33、电极端子35以及导线会占用部分外壳31外的额外空间，将连接端子33和电极端子35均设置于第一壁313，可以减少因设置连接端子33和电极端子35而额外占用的电池单体30的外部空间，便于电池单体30的成组成电池10，且有利于减小电池单体30成组后的电池10的体积，以提高电池10的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，沿第一壁313的厚度方向X，连接端子33凸出第一壁313的距离小于或者等于电极端子35凸出第一壁313同侧的距离。
需要说明的是，这比较的是第一壁313沿厚度方向X同一侧的连接端子33和电极端子35分别凸出第一壁313的距离。
沿第一步的厚度方向X的，第一壁313同侧的连接端子33和电极端子35分别凸出第一壁313设置，且连接端子33凸出第一壁313的距离小于或者等于第一壁313同一侧的电极端子35凸出第一壁313的距离。
连接端子33凸出第一壁313的距离，即连接端子33沿厚度方向X的端面与第一壁313的间距。同理，电极端子35凸出第一壁313的距离，即为电极端子35沿厚度方向X的端面与第一壁313的间距。
如此，第一壁313沿厚度方向X的任一侧，连接端子33均不凸出于电极端子35设置，如此，降低因设置连接端子33而占用电池单体30外部沿厚度方向X的额外空间，在电池单体30成组后，降低电池单体30占用的电池10内部的体积，有利于提高电池10的能量密度。
如图10示出了本申请实施例提供的又一种电池单体省略部分结构后的主视图；如图11示出了图10沿C-C的剖视结构示意图；如图12示出了图10的爆炸结构示意图。
如图7至图12所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括密封件36，沿第一壁313的厚度方向X，密封件36至少部分抵接于第一壁313与连接端子33之间。
可以设置连接端子33具有与第一壁313的部分相对设置的密封面，并将密封件36设于第一壁313与连接端子33的密封面之间，以实现对外壳31内部和外部的密封。
可选地，密封件36可以设于安装孔31b内，或者，密封件36也可以设于安装孔31b外部，示例性地，密封件36可以设于第一壁313远离容纳腔31a的一侧，或者，密封件36也可以设于第一壁313靠近容纳腔31a的一侧。
设置密封件36，有利于实现对电池单体30的容纳腔31a的密封，降低外部的 杂质进入电池单体30内部而腐蚀电池单体30的风险，并降低电池单体30内部的电解液泄漏的风险。
如图10至图12所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括连接件37，连接件37位于绝缘件34的周侧，并与第一壁313连接。
可选地，连接件37可以与第一壁313焊接连接、铆接连接、粘接连接等。设置连接件37，并设置连接件37位于绝缘件34的周侧，则在电池单体30的制造的过程中，可以先将连接端子33通过绝缘件34与连接件37连接，再将连接件37连接于第一壁313上。示例性地，可以将连接件37、绝缘件34以及连接端子33通过注塑成型工艺成型。
如此，有利于提高连接端子33与绝缘件34的连接强度，且便于连接端子33的安装，简化连接件37的组装工艺。
在一些实施例中，在一些实施例中，连接件37与外壳31焊接连接。如此设置，有利于进一步提高连接端子33与外壳31的连接稳定性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件34注塑成型，并连接固定件和连接端子33。
如此，连接件37和连接端子33分别制造成型后，通过在二者之间注入高温流动的塑胶，待流动的塑胶冷却后便形成绝缘件34，即可实现连接件37与连接端子33的绝缘连接。再将连接件37与第一壁313焊接连接。
如此，有利于简化电池单体30的制造工艺，并有利于提高连接端子33与第一壁313的连接强度。
如图7至图9所示，在一些实施例中，连接端子33包括相互连接的第一子部331和第二子部332，第一壁313设于第一子部331和第二子部332之间。
可选地，第一子部331与第二子部332可以焊接连接、铆接连接或者螺纹连接等。
在电池单体30包括密封件36的实施例中，可以将密封件36设于第一子部331和第一壁313之间，或者，将密封件36设于第二子部332与第一壁313之间。具体可以根据实际需要进行选取。
可选地，可以设置第一子部331和第二子部332中的一者具有凸出部，并将凸出部设于安装孔31b内，并设置凸出部与第一子部331和第二子部332中的另一者连接。或者，可以设置第一子部331和第二子部332均具有凸出部，且凸出部设于安装孔31b内，第一子部331和第二子部332通过凸出部连接。
设置连接端子33包括第一子部331和第二子部332，并将第一壁313设于第一子部331和第二子部332之间，便于实现连接端子33和第一壁313的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一子部331与第二子部332铆接连接。
具体地，可以设置第一子部331和第二子部332的一者具有铆接凸台，另一者具有铆接孔，将铆接凸台穿过铆接孔，并穿设于铆接孔内，然后对铆接凸台进行冲压，以使脑接凸台和铆接孔铆接。
如此设置，有利于提高第一子部331和第二子部332的连接强度，并有利于简化第一子部331和第二子部332的连接工艺。
如图13示出了本申请实施例提供的再一种电池单体30省略部分结构后的主视图；如图14示出了图13沿D-D的剖视结构示意图；如15和图16分别为不同实施例中图14中E处的局部放大图。
如图13至图16所示，在一些实施例中，外壳31包括第一壁313和设置于第一壁313的电极端子35，电极端子35用于传输电能，并与第一壁313绝缘设置，安装孔31b沿第一壁313的厚度方向X贯穿电极端子35设置，连接端子33连接于电极端子35。
可选地，电极端子35可以与电池单体30内部的电极组件32的极耳322电连接，或者，电极端子35可以通过导线与电池单体30内部的补锂构件电连接。可以根据实际需要进行选取。
设置安装孔31b贯穿电极端子35设置，并将连接端子33连接于电极端子35，有利于节省第一壁313的空间，便于在第一壁313设置其他构件，有利于实现电池单体30的各构件的合理排布。
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括集流件38和电极组件32，集流件38和电极组件32容纳于外壳31内，集流件38电连接电极组件32和电极端子35，集流件38具有通孔38a。所述连接端子33穿过所述通孔38a设置，或者，电池单体30还包括连接导线，连接导线穿过通孔38a，并与连接端子33电连接。
连接端子33通常通过电缆等导线与电池单体30内部的传感器等元器件电连接。设置集流件38具有通孔38a，可以将连接端子33穿设于通孔38a，或者将连接导线穿设于通孔38a内，以实现连接端子33或者导线穿过集流件38相互连接。
如此设置，在集流件38覆盖电极端子35的情况下，依然能够实现连接端子33与电池单体30内部的元器件的电连接，以便于连接端子33传输信息。
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括检测元件39，检测元件39设置于容纳腔31a内，并用于检测电池单体30的工作情况，检测元件39与连接端子33电连接。
可选地，检测元件39可以是传感器等，其可以用于检测电池单体30内部的压力、温度或者气体成分等信息。并将上述信息通过连接端子33传输到电池单体30外部的控制元件等元器件，以便于控制元件等元器件根据电池单体30的工作状况，及时调整相关工作参数，保证电池单体30的正常工作。
因此，设置电池单体30包括检测元件39，以通过检测元件39检测电池单体30的工作情况，有利于保证电池单体30的正常工作，并提高电池单体30的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，检测元件39包括传感器。
可选地，检测元件39可以是压力传感器、温度传感器、气体成分检测传感器或者应力传感器中的至少一者，压力传感器、温度传感器、气体成分检测传感器以及应力传感器可以分别用于检测电池单体30内部的气压、相关结构的温度、电池单体30内部的气体成分的含量以及相关构件如电极组件32的内应力等工作参数，上述工作参数通过连接端子33传递到电池单体30外部的控制元件等，实现电池单体30内部与外部的信息交互，控制元件判断传递出的工作参数是否在正常工作范围内，如有异常， 可以及时进行调整相关工作参数，进一步保证电池单体30的正常工作，提高电池单体30的安全性能。
根据本申请实施例提供的电池10包括上述任意实施例提供的电池单体30。
本申请实施例提供的电池10，由于采用了上述任一实施例提供的电池单体30，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，电池10还包括控制元件，控制元件电连接连接端子33，并用于与连接端子33传输传输信息。
可选地，控制元件可以将控制信号等信息传输给连接端子33，并通过连接端子33传输到电池单体30内部的相关执行构件，或者，连接端子33将电池单体30内部的压力、温度、应力以及气体成分等信息传输给控制元件，以便于控制元件判断电池单体30的工作情况，便于控制元件控制相关元器件调整工作参数，或者控制元件发出警报，便于操作人员调整电池10的工作参数。
因此，设置电池10包括控制元件，有利于进一步保证电池10的正常工作，并有利于提高电池10的安全性能。
根据本申请实施例提供的用电装置，包括上述任一实施例提供的电池10，电池10用于提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了上述任一实施例提供的电池10，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    外壳，具有安装孔；
    连接端子，至少部分设置于所述安装孔，并与所述外壳绝缘设置，所述连接端子用于所述电池单体的内部与外部的信息交互。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，多个所述安装孔间隔设置，每一所述安装孔内设置有所述连接端子。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件至少部分设置于所述连接端子和所述安装孔的内壁之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接端子与所述绝缘件中的一者形成有凹槽，另一者形成有凸起，所述凹槽与所述凸起相互配合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接端子的周侧表面形成有环形的所述凸起，所述绝缘件的内壁形成有环形的所述凹槽。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池单体，其中，所述凸起凸出所述连接端子周侧表面的距离h1满足：h1≥0.1mm。
  7. 根据权利要求4至6任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接端子形成有多个间隔设置的所述凸起，相邻两所述凸起的间距L满足：L≥0.1mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳包括第一壁，所述安装孔贯穿所述第一壁设置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括设于所述第一壁的电极端子，所述电极端子用于传输电能，并与所述连接端子间隔设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述连接端子凸出所述第一壁距离小于或者等于所述电极端子凸出所述第一壁同侧的距离。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括密封件，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述密封件至少部分抵接于所述第一壁与所述连接端子之间。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括连接件，所述连接件位于所述绝缘件的周侧，并与所述第一壁连接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接件与所述外壳焊接连接。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘件注塑成型，并连接所述连接件和所述连接端子。
  15. 根据权利要求8至14任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接端子包括相互连接的第一子部和第二子部，所述第一壁设于所述第一子部和所述第二子部之间。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一子部与所述第二子部铆接连接。
  17. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳包括第一壁和设 置于所述第一壁的电极端子，所述电极端子用于传输电能，并与所述第一壁绝缘设置，所述安装孔沿所述第一壁的厚度方向贯穿所述电极端子设置，所述连接端子连接于所述电极端子。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括集流件和电极组件，所述集流件和所述电极组件容纳于所述外壳内，所述集流件电连接所述电极组件和所述电极端子，所述集流件具有通孔；
    所述连接端子穿过所述通孔设置；或者，
    所述电池单体还包括连接导线，所述连接导线穿过所述通孔，并与所述连接端子电连接。
  19. 根据权利要求1至18任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括检测元件，所述检测元件设置于所述容纳腔内，并用于检测所述电池单体的工作情况，所述检测元件与所述连接端子电连接。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电池单体，其中，所述检测元件包括传感器。
  21. 一种电池，包括如权利要求1至20任一项所述的电池单体。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电池，还包括控制单元，所述控制单元电连接所述连接端子，并用于与所述连接端子传输信息。
  23. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求20至22任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/115734 2022-08-30 2022-08-30 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 WO2024044938A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012174418A (ja) * 2011-02-18 2012-09-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 非水電解質電池、及び電池システム
US20120276427A1 (en) * 2011-04-26 2012-11-01 Duk-Jung Kim Rechargeable battery
CN113258178A (zh) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-13 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车
DE102020108282A1 (de) * 2020-03-25 2021-09-30 Elringklinger Ag Elektrochemische Zelle und Verfahren zur Überwachung einer elektrochemischen Zelle
CN216903261U (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-07-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN217182205U (zh) * 2022-03-30 2022-08-12 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池的电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012174418A (ja) * 2011-02-18 2012-09-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 非水電解質電池、及び電池システム
US20120276427A1 (en) * 2011-04-26 2012-11-01 Duk-Jung Kim Rechargeable battery
CN113258178A (zh) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-13 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车
DE102020108282A1 (de) * 2020-03-25 2021-09-30 Elringklinger Ag Elektrochemische Zelle und Verfahren zur Überwachung einer elektrochemischen Zelle
CN216903261U (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-07-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
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