WO2024055360A1 - Procédé et appareil de mesure de diaphonie entre modes dans une fibre multicœur à peu de modes - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de mesure de diaphonie entre modes dans une fibre multicœur à peu de modes Download PDF

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WO2024055360A1
WO2024055360A1 PCT/CN2022/122044 CN2022122044W WO2024055360A1 WO 2024055360 A1 WO2024055360 A1 WO 2024055360A1 CN 2022122044 W CN2022122044 W CN 2022122044W WO 2024055360 A1 WO2024055360 A1 WO 2024055360A1
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mode
core
electric field
inter
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向练
芮昊宇
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苏州大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/16—Matrix or vector computation, e.g. matrix-matrix or matrix-vector multiplication, matrix factorization
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

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  • the invention relates to the field of optical fiber technology, and in particular, to a method, device and computer storage medium for inter-mode crosstalk detection of multi-core, few-mode optical fiber.
  • SMF Single-Mode Fiber
  • SDM is implemented through Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) transmission, using the spatial mode of Multi-mode Fiber (MMF) or multiple single-mode fiber cores as channels.
  • MMF Multi-mode Fiber
  • FMF single-mode fiber
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • FM-MCF has become a hot topic of research in recent years.
  • FM-MCF can bring ultra-high transmission capacity, it still has two important problems that will affect transmission performance.
  • One is that different modes have different transmission paths in the fiber core, which will lead to time differences in each signal received at the receiving end, eventually resulting in bit errors. This is called modal dispersion.
  • the second reason is that coupling between modes occurs between different paths, thereby reducing transmission performance.
  • modal dispersion can be alleviated through DSP technology or the introduction of dispersion-compensating optical fibers, but the evaluation of mode coupling is not yet complete. Therefore, accurate evaluation of mode coupling facilitates the preparation of multi-core few-mode fibers.
  • the author uses a mode electric field with polarization mode coupling effects, which further increases the computational complexity. And when dealing with the coupling coefficient, it is regarded as a constant that has nothing to do with the transmission distance, which is not consistent with the actual transmission situation.
  • the theory proposed by the ISMXT model it is proved that the crosstalk between supermodes caused by polarization mode coupling can be ignored. Therefore, when calculating the crosstalk between supermodes, the theory in the Monte Carlo model can be further simplified. .
  • the author only considered the impact of longitudinal perturbation, eliminated some redundant terms, and calculated inter-mode crosstalk directly from the mode power.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the processing of mode coupling coefficients is inconsistent with the actual situation.
  • the present invention provides a multi-core few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection method, which includes:
  • inter-core coupling mode coefficient in the inter-core crosstalk calculation equation based on coupled mode theory is replaced with the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient, and the optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value is calculated.
  • the fiber parameters include:
  • the calculation of the electric field intensity within the core range and the electric field intensity within the cladding range based on the optical fiber parameters includes:
  • E z1 and E z2 respectively represent the amplitude of the longitudinal electric field within the fiber core and the amplitude of the longitudinal electric field within the cladding.
  • A jUC/ ⁇ a
  • j is an imaginary unit
  • C is a system constant.
  • n 1 is the core refractive index
  • ⁇ is the core propagation constant
  • a is the core radius
  • ⁇ represents the light wavelength
  • J f (x) represents the first kind of Bessel function of order f
  • K f (x) represents the second kind of modified Bessel function of order f
  • n 2 is the refractive index of the cladding
  • r represents the radial direction in the cylindrical coordinate system
  • ⁇ represents the circumferential direction in the cylindrical coordinate system
  • E r1 and E r2 respectively represent the amplitude of the transverse electric field within the core range and the amplitude of the transverse electric field within the cladding range
  • J' f (x) represents the first derivative of J f (x)
  • the electric field strength within the core is calculated:
  • Em and En represent the electric field intensity within the core range and the cladding range respectively, and the amplitude of the electric field in the circumferential direction e r represents the unit vector in the r direction, express The unit vector in the direction, e z represents the unit vector in the z direction.
  • the method before calculating the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient according to the electric field intensity within the core range, the electric field intensity within the cladding range and the injection power, the method includes:
  • the single-core transverse polar coordinate system (r, ⁇ ) is expanded to the dual-core transverse polar coordinate system (R, ⁇ ), D represents the core distance.
  • the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient is calculated based on the electric field intensity within the core range, the electric field intensity within the cladding range and the injection power:
  • ⁇ is the angular frequency
  • ⁇ 0 is the vacuum dielectric constant
  • E m and H m represent the electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity in the core range respectively
  • E n represents the electric field intensity in the cladding range
  • e z represents The unit vector in the z direction
  • n 1 and n 2 represent the refractive index of the fiber core and the refractive index of the cladding respectively
  • the symbol * represents the conjugate operation of the matrix
  • P represents the injected power
  • the inter-core crosstalk calculation equation based on coupled mode theory is:
  • N is the number of segments after segmenting the optical fiber
  • d is the segment length after segmenting the optical fiber
  • ⁇ eq,mn,i is the equivalent phase mismatch of the i-th segment
  • k i (d) is the coupling mode coefficient between fiber cores.
  • the inter-core coupling mode coefficient k i (d) is replaced by the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient k mn,i , and the optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value is calculated:
  • g mn,i is the modified inter-mode coupling mode coefficient of the i-th section.
  • the invention also provides a multi-core few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection device, which includes:
  • Fiber parameter and injection power acquisition module used to obtain fiber parameters and injection power
  • An electric field strength calculation module used to calculate the electric field strength within the core range and the electric field strength within the cladding range based on the optical fiber parameters
  • An inter-mode coupling mode coefficient calculation module used to calculate the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient according to the electric field intensity within the fiber core range, the electric field intensity within the cladding range, and the injection power;
  • An optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value calculation module is used to replace the inter-core coupling mode coefficient in the inter-core crosstalk calculation equation based on coupled mode theory with the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient, and calculate the optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value.
  • the multi-core few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection device is applied to heterogeneous or homogeneous optical fibers.
  • the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for detecting inter-mode crosstalk in multi-core, low-mode optical fiber is implemented. step.
  • the inter-mode crosstalk detection method of multi-core few-mode optical fiber first calculates the electric field distribution of each mode according to the fiber parameters, then calculates the inter-mode coupling coefficient according to the electric field distribution and injection power, and finally re-derives based on the coupled mode theory Compared with the Monte Carlo model and the ISMXT analytical model, the most prominent advantage of this method for calculating the amount of crosstalk between supermodes is that it takes into account the mode coupling coefficient that changes with distance, which further ensures the accuracy of the calculation and eliminates The redundancy brought by polarization mode coupling is more in line with the actual fiber laying situation and has a wider application range.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart for the implementation of the inter-mode crosstalk detection method for multi-core few-mode optical fibers according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal change of inter-mode crosstalk
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the dual-core polar coordinate system
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the crosstalk estimation model based on coupled mode theory
  • Figure 5 is a crosstalk comparison flow chart
  • Figure 6 shows the lateral electric field distribution of three modes: LP01, LP11a and LP11b;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the transverse structure of a dual-core optical fiber
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of nonlinear crosstalk changing with power
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the change of mode coupling coefficient with core spacing
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the inter-mode coupling coefficient changing with the core diameter ratio
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the inter-mode coupling coefficient changing with the refractive index difference
  • Figure 12 is a structural block diagram of a multi-core few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a method, device and computer storage medium for inter-mode crosstalk detection of multi-core, few-mode optical fibers, which take into account the mode coupling coefficient changing with distance and are more in line with the actual optical fiber laying situation.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the implementation of the inter-mode crosstalk detection method for multi-core few-mode optical fibers provided by the present invention; the specific operation steps are as follows:
  • step-type multi-core few-mode optical fiber is to change the angle of light incident on the fiber core, so that each mode is transmitted along a different fold line trajectory in a single fiber core.
  • the specific schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2;
  • the optical fiber parameters include core refractive index, cladding refractive index, core radius, core propagation constant, core spacing and optical wavelength.
  • E z1 and E z2 respectively represent the amplitude of the longitudinal electric field within the fiber core and the amplitude of the longitudinal electric field within the cladding.
  • A jUC/ ⁇ a
  • j is an imaginary unit
  • C is a system constant.
  • n 1 is the core refractive index
  • ⁇ is the core propagation constant
  • a is the core radius
  • ⁇ represents the light wavelength
  • J f (x) represents the first kind of Bessel function of order f
  • K f (x) represents the second kind of modified Bessel function of order f
  • n 2 is the refractive index of the cladding
  • r represents the radial direction in the cylindrical coordinate system
  • ⁇ represents the circumferential direction in the cylindrical coordinate system
  • E r1 and E r2 respectively represent the amplitude of the transverse electric field within the core range and the amplitude of the transverse electric field within the cladding range
  • J' f (x) represents the first derivative of J f (x)
  • the mode electric field can be generated into a cylindrical polar coordinate form, so that the electric field vector can be expressed as a superposition of three dimensions:
  • Em and En represent the electric field intensity within the core range and the cladding range respectively, and the amplitude of the electric field in the circumferential direction e r represents the unit vector in the r direction, express The unit vector in the direction, e z represents the unit vector in the z direction.
  • the mode coupling coefficient is closely related to the electric field distribution of each mode
  • the single-core transverse polar coordinate system (r, ⁇ ) in the electric field intensity within the cladding range is expanded to the dual-core transverse polar coordinate system (R , ⁇ ), D represents the core spacing;
  • ⁇ is the angular frequency
  • ⁇ 0 is the vacuum dielectric constant
  • E m and H m represent the electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity in the core range respectively
  • E n represents the electric field intensity in the cladding range
  • e z represents The unit vector in the z direction
  • n 1 and n 2 represent the refractive index of the fiber core and the refractive index of the cladding respectively
  • the symbol * represents the conjugate operation of the matrix
  • P represents the injected power
  • the inter-mode crosstalk detection method of multi-core few-mode optical fiber first calculates the electric field distribution of each mode according to the fiber parameters, then calculates the inter-mode coupling coefficient according to the electric field distribution and injection power, and finally re-derives based on the coupled mode theory Compared with the Monte Carlo model and the ISMXT analytical model, the most prominent advantage of this method for calculating the amount of crosstalk between supermodes is that it takes into account the mode coupling coefficient that changes with distance, which further ensures the accuracy of the calculation and eliminates The redundancy brought by polarization mode coupling is more in line with the actual fiber laying situation and has a wider application range. On this basis, we can study the crosstalk characteristics in different communication systems. Based on the transmission characteristics of crosstalk in different working areas, the physical geometric characteristics of the fiber itself and the relationship between crosstalk and fiber parameters, we can then study ways to reduce crosstalk between different transmission modes. Theoretical methods.
  • step S104 further explains step S104:
  • This invention calculates inter-mode crosstalk based on coupled mode theory. First, it is necessary to introduce the principles of coupled mode theory and important solution methods:
  • the coupled mode equation is:
  • a n and A m are the slowly changing electric field complex amplitudes of core n and core m respectively
  • N is the number of fiber cores
  • K mn is the coupling coefficient from core n to core m
  • ⁇ m and ⁇ n are the propagation constants of m and n cores respectively
  • j is the imaginary unit
  • z represents the longitudinal propagation direction.
  • a general semi-analytic mathematical model is proposed, which accurately solves the linear coupled mode equation according to the distribution of phase matching points (Phase Machining Points, PMP).
  • K mn,i (z) is The coupling mode coefficient of the i-th section between core m and core n.
  • K mn,i (z) can be regarded as a constant K mn,i in the i-th section.
  • T is the coefficient matrix of the solution, which can be expressed as:
  • g mn,i is the modified inter-mode coupling mode coefficient of the i-th section.
  • the invention can provide a fast and accurate crosstalk estimation calculation method for multi-core and few-mode optical fiber communication systems, and its application range is wider.
  • This method is not only applicable to heterogeneous optical fibers, but also to real homogeneous optical fibers and ideal completely homogeneous optical fibers.
  • This method is based on the coupled mode theory that reflects the physical characteristics of optical fiber transmission, and re-derives the inter-mode coupling coefficient based on the random disturbances present in the fiber core. Therefore, it can more accurately reflect the changing process of inter-mode crosstalk than previous models. Based on this model, we can have a more forward-looking understanding of inter-mode crosstalk in few-mode multi-core optical fibers.
  • this embodiment verifies the accuracy of the above method through simulation, as follows:
  • transverse electric field distributions of the three modes LP01, LP11a and LP11b are shown in Figure 6, where LP01 is the transmission fundamental mode, and LP11a and LP11b are two mutually orthogonal polarization modes.
  • Figure 7 shows the lateral arrangement of the two fiber cores;
  • the influence of the model begins to be reflected, and the mode coupling coefficient calculated by the other two methods is an approximate empirical value and cannot accurately estimate the impact of random disturbances.
  • the inter-mode crosstalk results of the present invention have increased volatility. This is because the phase matching points between each mode are randomly distributed with distance, and the point with fluctuation indicates the occurrence of a phase matching point.
  • Figure 9 shows the process as the core spacing changes.
  • the core radius a 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • the inter-mode coupling coefficient gradually decreases, which shows that appropriately increasing the core spacing is one of the methods to effectively reduce inter-mode crosstalk.
  • Figure 9 considers three cases where the intrinsic effective refractive index difference is 0.21%, 0.31% and 0.41% respectively. It can be found that as the refractive index difference becomes larger, the inter-mode coupling coefficient will gradually decrease, and in the core When the spacing is small, the reduction is more obvious.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show the changes with core diameter ratio (ratio of core spacing to core radius) and intrinsic effective refractive index difference, respectively.
  • core diameter ratio ratio of core spacing to core radius
  • intrinsic effective refractive index difference respectively.
  • Figure 12 is a structural block diagram of a multi-core few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; the specific device may include:
  • Optical fiber parameter and injection power acquisition module 100 used to acquire optical fiber parameters and injection power
  • the electric field strength calculation module 200 is used to calculate the electric field strength within the core range and the electric field strength within the cladding range according to the optical fiber parameters;
  • the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient calculation module 300 is used to calculate the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient according to the electric field intensity within the fiber core range, the electric field intensity within the cladding range, and the injection power;
  • the optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value calculation module 400 is used to replace the inter-core coupling mode coefficient in the inter-core crosstalk calculation equation based on coupled mode theory with the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient, and calculate the optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value.
  • the inter-mode crosstalk detection device for multi-core and few-mode optical fiber in this embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned inter-mode crosstalk detection method for multi-core and few-mode optical fiber. Therefore, the specific implementation of the multi-core and few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection device can be found in the multi-core and few-mode optical fiber mentioned above.
  • the embodiment part of the few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk detection method for example, the optical fiber parameter and injection power acquisition module 100, the electric field strength calculation module 200, the inter-mode coupling mode coefficient calculation module 300, and the optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk value calculation module 400 are respectively used.
  • steps S101, S102, S103, and S104 in the inter-mode crosstalk detection method for multi-core few-mode optical fibers the specific implementation methods can be referred to the descriptions of the corresponding embodiments, and will not be described again here.
  • Specific embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned multi-core few-mode optical fiber inter-mode crosstalk is realized. Steps of the detection method.
  • embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment that combines software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk memory, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk memory, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that causes a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction means, the instructions
  • the device implements the functions specified in a process or processes of the flowchart and/or a block or blocks of the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operating steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing, thereby executing on the computer or other programmable device.
  • Instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in a process or processes of a flowchart diagram and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.

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Abstract

La présente invention, qui relève du domaine technique des fibres optiques, concerne en particulier un procédé et un appareil de mesure de diaphonie entre modes dans une fibre multicœur à peu de modes, et un support de stockage informatique. Le procédé de mesure de diaphonie entre modes dans une fibre multicœur à peu de modes comprend : d'abord, le calcul de la distribution de champ électrique dans chaque mode selon des paramètres de fibre optique ; puis le calcul d'un coefficient de couplage entre modes selon la distribution de champ électrique et la puissance d'injection ; et enfin la déduction de nouveau d'une voie de calcul d'une quantité de diaphonie entre des supermodes sur la base de la théorie des modes couplés. En comparaison au modèle de Monte Carlo et au modèle d'analyse ISMXT, le procédé présente l'avantage majeur de prendre en compte le coefficient de couplage de modes variant avec la distance, ce qui garantit en outre la précision de calcul et élimine la redondance causée par un couplage de modes de polarisation, ce qui permet de se rapprocher de conditions de pose de fibre optique réelles et d'obtenir une plage d'application plus large.
PCT/CN2022/122044 2022-09-16 2022-09-28 Procédé et appareil de mesure de diaphonie entre modes dans une fibre multicœur à peu de modes WO2024055360A1 (fr)

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