WO2024052281A1 - Composant d'instrument de musique - Google Patents

Composant d'instrument de musique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024052281A1
WO2024052281A1 PCT/EP2023/074171 EP2023074171W WO2024052281A1 WO 2024052281 A1 WO2024052281 A1 WO 2024052281A1 EP 2023074171 W EP2023074171 W EP 2023074171W WO 2024052281 A1 WO2024052281 A1 WO 2024052281A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
musical instrument
key unit
brake
instrument component
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/074171
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Haag
Benjamin BÜRKLE
Stefan Battlogg
Original Assignee
Inventus Engineering Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventus Engineering Gmbh filed Critical Inventus Engineering Gmbh
Publication of WO2024052281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024052281A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
    • G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
    • G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
    • G10H1/0555—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/344—Structural association with individual keys
    • G10H1/346—Keys with an arrangement for simulating the feeling of a piano key, e.g. using counterweights, springs, cams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H2220/265—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a musical instrument component and musical instruments equipped therewith.
  • a musical instrument component includes a plurality of adjacently arranged key units, which are movably mounted on a common support body to generate sounds.
  • the key units can be moved between at least two positions and at least when moving from the first position to the second position, at least one signal is triggered (directly or indirectly) to generate at least one tone.
  • a controllable braking device is assigned to at least one key unit in order to brake a movement of the key unit in a controlled manner.
  • a musical instrument component comprises at least one support body on which at least one key unit for generating tones is movably mounted.
  • the key unit can be moved at least between two positions. At least when moving from the first position to the second position, at least one signal can be triggered to generate at least one tone.
  • the key unit is assigned a controllable magnetorheological braking device (in particular with a control device) in order to brake a movement of the key unit in a controlled manner.
  • the magnetorheological braking device comprises at least two braking components that can be pivoted relative to one another about a pivot axis, between which there is at least one
  • the pivot axis has a curved braking gap section (effective gap section) which is equipped with a magnetorheological medium and can be acted upon by a controllable magnetic field of at least one magnetic field generating device in order to move the key unit
  • the musical instrument component according to the invention has many advantages.
  • a significant advantage of the musical instrument component according to the invention is that the magnetorheological braking device comprises two brake components that can be pivoted towards one another, between which a curved brake gap section is formed. With such a construction, the brake gap section can be optimally utilized. Due to the curvature and the curved course, the size of the area of the brake gap section can also be increased. This means that overall a greater torque and therefore a greater braking force can be applied.
  • the design is low-friction and has a very low basic torque, since the sealing of brake components that can be pivoted towards one another can be ensured by rotary seals, which means that significantly lower basic forces or a lower basic torque occurs than when sealing a linear movement with a blade immersed in a chamber.
  • a high braking force can be generated to slow down the movement of the key unit, while on the other hand, only a low basic friction has to be overcome.
  • a large number of different musical instruments can be simulated with the musical instrument component according to the invention.
  • the invention it is possible to brake the movement of the key unit via the (traveled) distance and/or angle and/or in a time-controlled manner.
  • An adaptation can alternatively or additionally be controlled depending on the actuation force for actuating the key unit.
  • a brake gap or at least one brake gap can be equipped with (each) two or more brake gap sections.
  • the magnetorheological medium it is possible for the magnetorheological medium to be accommodated in a receiving space between or on the two brake components.
  • the receiving space can be partially or completely filled with at least one magnetorheological medium.
  • a brake gap can (or several brake gaps) can be formed on the receiving space.
  • the brake gap section is curved and can in particular be annular.
  • the brake gap section is designed essentially concentrically around the pivot axis.
  • a relative movement of the key unit relative to the support body can be braked by the magnetorheological braking device.
  • the brake gap section extends in a ring shape around a pivot axis of the magnetorheological braking device.
  • the brake gap section extends completely around the pivot axis.
  • the brake gap section preferably has a gap height that is variable over its circumferential extent. This means that there is a particularly periodic change in the gap height between the first and second braking components over the circumferential angle or the circumference.
  • the inner brake component in the area of the brake gap section can have a type of external toothing (“star contour”) on its outer circumference, while the outer brake component in the area of the brake gap section has a cylindrical inner contour. There is then a cylindrical inner contour between the two brake components over the circumference variable gap height, which has a minimum gap height in the area of the outer ends of the teeth and a maximum gap height between two teeth.
  • star contour type of external toothing
  • the outer brake component it is also possible for the outer brake component to have inwardly projecting internal teeth, while the inner brake component has, for example, a cylindrical outer circumference in the area of the brake gap section.
  • the inner brake component has, for example, a cylindrical outer circumference in the area of the brake gap section.
  • both the inner brake component and the outer brake component can have periodic structures on the respective outer and inner circumference, resulting in a gap height that is variable over the circumference.
  • the magnetic field generating device preferably has a magnetically conductive core and at least one electrical coil unit in order to generate a controllable magnetic field in the brake gap section.
  • at least one sealing device is accommodated between the first brake component and the second brake component.
  • a receiving space for the magnetorheological medium is sealed from the outside with the sealing device.
  • the sealing device in particular comprises a rotation seal in order to seal the brake components when the two brake components are pivoted relative to one another To ensure brake gap section or the receiving space to the outside.
  • At least one sensor device is assigned to the key unit in order to detect a measure of a position of the key unit (continuously and in particular over the entire pivoting movement).
  • the sensor device preferably comprises at least one sensor which is taken from a group of sensors which includes an angle sensor and a displacement sensor and a distance sensor. It is also possible for two or more sensors to be used. On the one hand, a (current) position of the key unit and, on the other hand, an exact measure of a movement (or speed and/or acceleration) of the key unit can be recorded.
  • the position of the second position (for generating sound) is preferably adjustable. That is, a stop or the stop of the key unit is preferably freely selectable, with the braking device then generating a (preferably high and in particular maximum) braking torque in the second position.
  • the key unit can in particular be accommodated in a floating manner on the support body. It is possible for the key unit to rest, for example, locally on the support body and to be (minimally) displaceable. However, it is possible and preferred for the key unit to be rotatably mounted on the support body via at least one pivot bearing. This is particularly preferred if the musical instrument component generates sounds at least partially electronically.
  • the musical instrument component is used in a piano or a concert grand, a harpsichord or the like in order to specifically influence the movement of the same or of actuating units or hammer units coupled to it when the key units of a keyboard are actuated
  • the key unit can also be used For example, it can be held floating or rest “loosely” on the support body.
  • the magnetorheological braking device provides the pivot bearing or is connected to it. It is possible for the pivot bearing to pivotably support the key unit in an end region (of the key unit). This enables a shorter overall length, which is particularly advantageous for transportable musical instrument components.
  • the magnetorheological braking device can be coupled to the key unit via a gear.
  • a gear can e.g. B. be designed as a traction mechanism.
  • the button unit is then connected to the magnetorheological braking device via a traction mechanism.
  • the traction mechanism can include, for example, a belt or a chain.
  • the belt can be designed as a friction belt or as a toothed belt.
  • the gearing includes a toothing on the key unit and a toothing on the magnetorheological braking device. It is then possible and preferred for the toothing on the key unit to engage directly with the toothing on the magnetorheological braking device. This results in a direct coupling of the key unit and the magnetorheological braking device.
  • the toothing on the magnetorheological braking device can in particular be arranged or formed directly on one of the two brake components.
  • the teeth on the magnetorheological braking device can be formed on the outer circumference of the outer braking component.
  • the toothing it is also possible for the toothing to be formed on the inner brake component, which then forms, for example, a shaft that protrudes from the outer brake component and has the toothing there.
  • At least one reset device is assigned to the key unit.
  • the reset device preferably transfers the key unit at least from the second position to the first position.
  • the use of a reset device on the key unit is very advantageous because it increases the reset speed of the key unit and thus the frequency with which a key can be pressed one after the other.
  • the restoring device only has relatively low restoring forces so that operating the key units is not made unnecessarily difficult.
  • the magnetorheological braking device then enables an individual adjustment of the restoring movement, in particular the restoring speed, over the restoring path.
  • the restoring device comprises at least one spring device.
  • the spring device is taken from a group of spring devices, which includes a magnetic spring, a gas spring and a mechanical spring device.
  • the spring device can be designed as a spiral spring, torsion spring, spiral spring, plate spring or other spring.
  • the reset device can comprise a motor device.
  • the motor device can have an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor. It is also possible for two different reset devices to be provided for resetting a key unit. It is also possible that for Different key units have differently designed reset devices.
  • the reset device acts on the magnetorheological braking device.
  • the reset device is particularly preferably coupled to a pivotable or rotatable brake component. It is usually the case that one of the two brake components is designed to be stationary and is coupled to or attached to the support body. The other brake component can then be pivoted or rotated relative to the fixed brake component. In principle, it is also conceivable that both brake components are pivotally mounted.
  • An embodiment in which the reset device acts on a pivotable brake component offers advantages in that, for example, the play of gears in a transmission is compensated for, since the gears are then biased against each other.
  • the key unit can act on an actuation unit, with a movement of the actuation unit then actually generating the signal.
  • the actuation unit can act on a string of the musical instrument component and thus directly generate a sound signal.
  • the actuation unit can be designed, for example, as a hammer unit.
  • the musical instrument component is equipped as a complete musical instrument with several key units and magnetorheological braking devices.
  • the respective setting of the magnetorheological braking device can then adjust the characteristics of the musical instrument component and simulate different instruments and types of instruments.
  • an (electronic) control unit and/or control device is included, which derives and outputs an electrical sound signal from the signal generated by the key unit.
  • An electronic control unit can, for example, be integrated into a control device which also controls a path-dependent or time-dependent control of the force curve of the magnetorheological braking device.
  • a significant advantage of using magnetorheological braking devices is that a maximum braking effect can be set from rest in just a few milliseconds. Conversely, the braking torque can also be reduced from the maximum braking torque to the low basic torque in a few milliseconds, so that while a key is moving and thus while playing a musical instrument, the movement characteristics of the individual key units can be changed in order to set a desired characteristic or to play a desired instrument simulate.
  • the magnetorheological medium comprises magnetorheological particles and a filling medium.
  • the filling medium can, for example, comprise a gas or a liquid or a fat or be designed as such.
  • one of the two brake components is designed to be rotationally symmetrical in the area of the brake gap section and the other brake component has a non-round (innermost or) outermost cross section in the area of the brake gap section.
  • a plurality of key units and (correspondingly assigned) magnetorheological braking devices are included.
  • At least one Key unit in the flow of force or torque, at least one Key unit is arranged. This enables undisturbed actuation or resetting in one direction of movement (and independent of the braking device).
  • the freewheel device is preferably accommodated between the transmission and one of the two brake components.
  • a musical instrument is used to generate tone sequences and comprises at least one musical instrument component with at least one support body.
  • a plurality of key units for generating tones are movably accommodated on the support body.
  • the key units can each be moved between at least two positions. When moving from the first position to the second position, at least one signal is triggered to generate at least one tone.
  • the key units are each assigned a controllable magnetorheological braking device in order to brake a movement of the key unit (via path and/or time) in a controlled manner.
  • the or each magnetorheological braking device comprises at least two brake components which can be pivoted relative to one another about a pivot axis, between which at least one brake gap section which is curved about the pivot axis is formed.
  • the brake gap section is equipped with a magnetorheological medium and at least one magnetic field generating device can be acted upon with a controllable magnetic field in order to brake a movement of the key units in a controlled manner.
  • the musical instrument preferably comprises at least one (common) resonance body.
  • a plurality of key units are each arranged adjacently.
  • the musical instrument can have a large number of key units.
  • 88 key units can be included to form or simulate a piano or a grand piano.
  • Fig. 2 a highly schematic section through a musical instrument component according to the invention
  • Fig. 3a-c a perspective view and two sectional views of a braking device for a musical instrument component according to the invention
  • Fig. 4-7 highly schematic cuts through further musical instrument components according to the invention.
  • Fig. 8 u. 9 a perspective view of a further musical instrument component according to the invention and a schematic side view;
  • Fig. lOa-b force curves over the path of different musical instruments and different actuation speeds.
  • Figures la, lb and lc show three different embodiments of musical instrument components 100 according to the invention.
  • Figure la shows a concert grand piano 101 as a musical instrument or.
  • Musical instrument component 100 The concert grand piano 101 has a keyboard with a large number of key units 11, which are accommodated together on a support body 10.
  • the concert grand piano has a resonance body 105. When the key units 11 are pressed, tones 16 are emitted.
  • Figure 1b shows a piano 102 as a musical instrument component 100, on which key units 11 are provided on a keyboard.
  • the key units 11 are also accommodated here on a common support body 10.
  • a resonance body 105 is also provided. Pedals that can be operated if necessary to change the sound characteristics are not shown in figures la and lb.
  • Figure lc shows a keyboard 103 or a music keyboard, which also has a large number of key units 11, which are arranged here in two levels.
  • the respective key units 11 are movable on a support body 10 and are mounted here in a pivotable manner.
  • a control device 20 (and possibly an electronic control unit 50) can be accommodated on the base body 10 or a housing, which are provided for controlling the magnetorheological braking devices and for further processing the signals generated.
  • Selector switches 25 for setting a desired characteristic or for switching on or off are also provided.
  • a display 29 can be used for control purposes. Either the signal 14 or the sound signal 17 generated by the control device 20 can be output and forwarded at a connection 22.
  • the characteristics when the key units are pressed can be set and changed specifically and individually for each key.
  • Figures ld and le show schematic process steps or sequences in the generation of tones.
  • Figure 1d shows schematically a key unit 11, the movement of which can be braked by a magnetorheological braking device 1. It is possible for the key unit 11 to act on an actuation unit 19 such as a hammer unit on a piano or a grand piano. With purely electronic musical instrument components an actuation unit 19 can be dispensed with. In any case, a signal 14 is generated, which, for example, acts on a string 18 and, if necessary, directly produces a tone 16.
  • Figure 1 shows a sequence on an electrical instrument when a key unit 11 is actuated.
  • the movement of the key unit 11 is braked by the magnetorheological braking device 1.
  • a signal 14 is generated, which leads to an (electrical) tone signal 17 and finally - if necessary at a remote location - to a tone 16 by a control device (not shown here).
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible embodiment of a highly schematic musical instrument component 100 in a schematic section.
  • the key unit 11 is accommodated on a base body or support body 10.
  • the key unit 11 is here mounted on the magnetorheological braking device 1 so that it can pivot about an axis la.
  • the key unit 11 is accommodated here in an end region so that it can pivot about the pivot axis la.
  • the first position 12, which is a rest position or starting position, is shown in solid lines.
  • a pivoted second position 13 is shown in dashed lines.
  • a reset device 40 which here comprises a spring device 42 which is designed as a spiral spring.
  • the spiral spring of the spring device 42 is compressed, so that after the key unit 11 is released, it is automatically returned to the first position 12.
  • a sensor device 21 with a first sensor component 21a and a second sensor component 21b are used to record a measure of a position of the key unit 11.
  • a signal 14 can be determined directly.
  • the strength of the braking or the strength of the brake 1 is set via the current position of the button 11.
  • the magnetorheological braking device 1 here comprises an inner, fixed brake component 2 and an outer brake component 3 which can be pivoted relative thereto, which is arranged to be pivotable about the pivot axis la and which is connected to the key unit 11.
  • the key unit it is also possible for the key unit to be attached to a pivotable inner brake component 2, which is pivotally mounted on the fixed outer brake component 3.
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c A preferred embodiment of the magnetorheological braking device 1 is shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c.
  • Figure 3a shows a schematic perspective view. The inner brake component 2 and the outer brake component 3 are shown here. The two brake components 2, 3 are recorded so that they can be pivoted relative to one another.
  • Figure 3b shows a longitudinal section.
  • the internal brake component 2 here can, for example, be designed to be stationary.
  • cables for the power supply (not shown) and cables to any sensors that may be present can be passed through.
  • the inner brake component also forms the core 26, around which the electrical coil unit 24 is wound in a circumferential groove or the like.
  • the magnetic field generating device 9 here includes the electrical coil unit 24 and the core 26 and can optionally also include a permanent magnet, which, for. B. provides a basic torque even in a de-energized state. During operation, the magnetic field (not shown here) can then be energized by energizing the electrical coil unit 24 Permanent magnets can either be strengthened or weakened in order to generate a time-dependent or path-dependent magnetic field and thus braking torque.
  • Figure 3b the course of a magnetic field 8 is shown in Figure 3b, which here passes approximately radially through the brake gap sections 5 and 6 of the brake gap 4 adjacent to the electrical coil unit 24.
  • a (variable) braking torque is generated in the brake gap sections 5 and 6, which depends on the strength of the magnetic field.
  • the brake gap 4 which is part of a receiving space, is at least partially filled with a magnetorheological medium, so that there are magnetorheological particles in the brake gap sections 5 and 6, which are influenced by the magnetic field 8.
  • the brake component 3 which here radially surrounds the brake component 2, comprises a housing with a front part 3a, an outer part 3b and a rear part 3c.
  • the outer part 3b and the core 26 are made of a material with good magnetic conductivity, so that an effective magnetic field 8 can be generated.
  • the other parts 3a, 3c preferably consist of a material with a (significantly) lower magnetic conductivity than the outer part 3b (preferably factor >10).
  • At least one pivot bearing 15 can be provided or formed between the two brake components 2 and 3. It is also possible that no separate bearing is provided, but that the magnetorheological braking device 1 provides a rotary bearing 15.
  • Figure 3c shows a cross section through the magnetorheological braking device according to Figure 3b, whereby the structure of the brake gap section 5a can be seen here.
  • the inner brake component 2 has an outwardly projecting star contour or toothing in the area of the brake gap section 5, while the outer brake component 3 here has a cylindrical inner wall. This results in a circumferentially variable gap height 5a between the two brake components 2, 3 with periodically alternating minimum gap heights 5b and maximum gap heights 5c.
  • the two brake components 2, 3 are each designed to be the same in the axial gap direction 5d above the brake gap section 5 or 6.
  • the brake gap section 5 or 6 each has a variable gap height 5a, the variation of which accounts for up to 1%, 2% or 5% of the diameter of the brake gap section 5. Even larger and smaller gap heights are also possible.
  • the braking gap preferably contains magnetorheological particles whose particle diameter is significantly smaller than the minimum gap height.
  • the maximum particle diameter of the magnetorheological particles 7a is smaller than 1/5 or 1/10 or 1/100 of the minimum gap height 5b.
  • other dimensions of the magnetorheological particles 7a are also possible.
  • the magnetorheological particles 7a are surrounded by a filling medium 7b, which can be a gas, so that dry magnetorheological particles 7a are present in the brake gap 5 or 6.
  • a filling medium 7b which can be a gas, so that dry magnetorheological particles 7a are present in the brake gap 5 or 6.
  • an oil or another fluid can be used as a carrier medium.
  • Figures 4 to 7 show further exemplary embodiments of musical instrument components 100 according to the invention, each of which has a key unit 11 and a magnetorheological brake component 1.
  • the magnetorheological braking component 1 brakes a movement of a key unit 11 in a controlled manner.
  • a magnetic spring with two (permanent) magnets 43 is provided as the reset device 40.
  • Such a variant is preferred if the key unit is small and you can still apply sufficient torque.
  • the magnets on the key unit 11 and on the support body 10, towards which the key unit 11 moves when pressed, can cause a magnetic reset.
  • the magnets 43 are polarized in opposite directions. In this configuration, the restoring force decreases with increasing distance.
  • Figure 5 shows a variant in which a magnetic reset device is also provided.
  • a permanent magnet is attached either to the key unit 11 or the support body 10, while an electrical coil with a core is arranged on the other element.
  • the size of the magnetic field can be adjusted.
  • a constant or possibly variable restoring force can be set even if the distance between the two magnets 43 changes.
  • the key unit 11 is mounted on the support body 10 via a pivot bearing 15.
  • the magnetorheological braking device 1 is coupled to the key unit via a gear 30 and here a traction mechanism 30a, so that when the key unit 11 is pivoted, one of the two brake components of the braking device 1 is also pivoted.
  • a belt 33 or a chain 34, for example, can serve as a traction means.
  • FIG. 6a A further exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 6a, in which the key unit 11 is rotatably accommodated via a pivot bearing 15. At the end of the key unit 11 a toothing 31 is formed or attached, which here meshes directly with a toothing 32 on the outer circumference of the outer brake component 3.
  • the outer brake component 3 is here rotatable relative to the inner brake component 2.
  • a Position sensor of a sensor device 21 is used to detect the rotational position of the outer brake component 3, from which a position or position of the key unit 11 can also be derived.
  • a reset device 40 acts on the outer brake component 3 and also causes the key unit 11 to be reset to the first position 12. The reset takes place here directly via the magnetorheological braking device 1. This has the additional advantage that the play of the teeth 31, 32 is compensated because they are biased against each other.
  • Figure 6b shows a modification of the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 6a, whose functionality can basically be used in all exemplary embodiments.
  • the key unit 11 is here again rotatable via a pivot bearing 15 in FIG. 6b. Between at least one key unit 11 or all key units 11 and the respective support body 10 (at least) a freewheel device 35 is arranged.
  • the freewheel device 35 is recorded here between the transmission 30 and one of the two brake components 2, 3.
  • the freewheel device 35 is accommodated between the (outer) rotary component 3 and the gear 32 surrounding this rotary component 3, so that the freewheel can be activated in a (e.g. also selectable or controllable) direction of movement in order to reduce the torque when moving to be reduced in a targeted manner and as much as possible.
  • the freewheel device 35 comprises a plurality of roller elements 36, which are arranged distributed here on the circumference of the brake component 3. Furthermore, spring elements 37 are provided for preloading the roller elements 36 into a basic position. Here the roller elements 36 are designed as clamping rollers and allow particularly quiet operation.
  • the magnetorheological actuator or the braking device 1 is connected to the (inner) freewheel component.
  • the gear 32 is connected to the outer freewheel component of the freewheel device 35.
  • a freewheel device 35 is particularly useful and advantageous in order to allow the key units to return (very) quickly to their rest position.
  • the basic torque of the braking device 1 can be significantly reduced during resetting, so that a (sufficiently) quick resetting can always be ensured.
  • the freewheel device 35 can either be attached directly to a brake component 2, 3 on one side and to the key unit 11 on the other, or z. B. between the braking device 1 and the gear 30.
  • the freewheel device 35 blocks in the direction of the key stop or couples the key unit 11 with the braking device 1 in this direction of movement and releases the movement back to the rest position.
  • the freewheel device shown in Figure 6b can have another suitable design, for example
  • Freewheel device includes a spring coil freewheel (etc.) or can be designed as such.
  • Figure 7 shows a further variant, in which the toothing 31 is attached to the key unit 11 below the actual key surface of the key unit 11.
  • the toothing 31 works with a toothing 32 on the braking device 1 together.
  • the braking device 1 is coupled directly to the key unit 11 via the toothings 31, 32.
  • a reset of the key unit 11 to the rest position is also effected here by a reset device 40 and here a mechanical spring device 44.
  • Another reset device could also be used.
  • return springs in the form of leg springs, spiral springs, disc springs or even magnetic springs can be used.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a further exemplary embodiment, with Figure 8 showing a perspective view of a musical instrument component 100 with here (for example) two key units 11 which are arranged next to one another.
  • the two key units 11 are accommodated on the support body 10 and are each arranged to be pivotable via pivot bearings 15.
  • At the rear end of the key units 11 there are each toothings 31 provided, which engage in corresponding toothings 32 of two different braking devices 1.
  • axially directly adjacent braking devices 1 are arranged here offset in the circumferential direction, as is clear from the cross-sectional view according to FIG.
  • the braking devices 1 are shown at three different heights in order to brake three different key units 11 in a controlled manner. This means that the small installation space can be optimally utilized.
  • the respective braking device 1 of a key unit 11 is arranged offset in the axial direction, so that the toothing 31 of a key unit meshes with the corresponding toothing 32 of the associated braking device 1.
  • Figure 10a shows a diagram of the actuation force over the distance or the pivot angle of different musical instruments.
  • Curve 106 shows the force curve of a harpsichord
  • curve 107 shows the force curve of a concert grand piano 101
  • curve 109 shows the force curve of a music keyboard.
  • the curve 107 shows the force curve at a first lower speed VI of the key unit 11.
  • Real pianos (upright pianos, as opposed to grand pianos) have a slightly different force distribution because the hammer is not lying down, but standing. This can also be simulated if desired.
  • a harpsichord on the other hand, “plucks” the strings with a spring. This means that a greater amount of force has to be used at the beginning to pull the spring past or over the string. As soon as the string has been plucked from the spring, the force is almost completely eliminated so that the remaining distance of the key unit is moved without force. Here, too, the course can be adjusted accordingly
  • a music keyboard usually only has a spring as a restoring element and key units (usually made of plastic), which have little mass and therefore little inertia. That's why it's necessary Force for moving the button is specified by the spring characteristic of the return spring device, which can also be simulated.
  • Figure 10b again shows the curve 107 with the force curve when actuating a key unit of a concert grand at a first lower speed VI, while the further curve 108 shows the force curve when actuating a key unit 11 at a higher speed V2.
  • a key unit e.g. piano key
  • touch dynamics can be changed.
  • the movement is braked by a rotary actuator.
  • the key unit can be reset using a reset device (eg integrated into the braking device or outside).
  • the restoring force should not be too high because the player should not use too much force to press the button unit.
  • the force should not be too low, as the key unit must be moved back to the starting position quickly enough so that one key unit can be played in quick succession.
  • the braking device can be attached directly to the axis of rotation of the key unit and transfers the torque directly to the fastening or the support body. This variant is particularly preferred if the braking device is small and can still generate sufficient torque.
  • the force can also e.g. B. be transmitted via a coupling rod.
  • the braking devices may be too large (approx. 2cm width per key unit) to be placed next to each other (especially with the black keys in between).
  • the braking devices 1 can then be attached at different heights or angular positions.
  • the gear on the key unit can be chosen accordingly large or in a specific angular range for each key unit.
  • the movement can be determined by internal sensors, for example in the braking device 1 by means of a magnetic ring and a Hall sensor.
  • the same sensor can also be used to generate a signal (tone generation).
  • a signal tone is generated, preferably when the key unit exceeds a certain (predetermined or adjustable) position.
  • the speed at which the key unit is moved can, in particular, dictate the volume. A higher speed produces a louder sound and a lower speed produces a quieter sound. In this way, an additional sensor in the key unit could be dispensed with.
  • just the sensor the key unit for sound generation and also for the braking device 1 can be used. This works well if it is precise enough.
  • Various sensors can also be installed for the braking device 1 and the sound generation.
  • the invention enables fine control of sound generation.
  • the braking device 1 with brake components 2, 3 that can be pivoted towards one another is strong and fast enough to generate the necessary torque.
  • the basic attenuation is very low and the highest possible adaptivity can be achieved.
  • the braking device can be sealed using ferrofluid.
  • the invention not only makes it possible to replicate a single hammer mechanism, but also to imitate any number of different resistance curves. All parameters can preferably be set as desired by the player, in particular the level of the forces and also the respective force curve over the pivot angle of the key unit. It is also possible to pre-program instruments. A bar piano, a concert grand, a harpsichord, a music keyboard, an organ can be set up.
  • the braking device 1 has a large spread between the basic torque and the maximum torque that can be generated. The low basic torque is important so that the key units can be struck with very little force.
  • the restoring force can be chosen to be very low, as only the basic torque and the weight of the key unit have to be overcome. For example, a spring with a small spring constant can be used.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant d'instrument de musique (100) comprenant un corps de support (10) sur lequel une unité de touche (11) pour produire des tonalités (16) est montée mobile. L'unité de touche (11) peut être déplacée entre deux positions (12, 13). Lorsque l'unité de touche est déplacée de la première position (12) à la seconde position (13), un signal (14) pour produire au moins une tonalité (16) est déclenché. Un dispositif de freinage magnétorhéologique pouvant être contrôlé (1) est associé à l'unité de touche (11) pour freiner de manière contrôlée un mouvement de l'unité de touches (11). Le dispositif de freinage magnétorhéologique (1) comprend deux composants de freinage (2, 3) qui peuvent pivoter l'un par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe de pivotement (1a) et entre lesquels est formée une partie d'espace de freinage (5, 6) qui s'étend de manière incurvée autour de l'axe de pivotement (1a), est équipée d'un milieu magnétorhéologique (7), et à laquelle un champ magnétique pouvant être régulé (8) d'un dispositif de production de champ magnétique (9) est appliqué afin de freiner un mouvement de l'unité de touche (11) d'une manière contrôlée.
PCT/EP2023/074171 2022-09-06 2023-09-04 Composant d'instrument de musique WO2024052281A1 (fr)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040107784A1 (en) * 2002-12-07 2004-06-10 Wolfgang Kuechler Control element
FR2930654A1 (fr) * 2008-04-29 2009-10-30 Commissariat Energie Atomique Interface haptique a effort de freinage augmente
EP2027576B1 (fr) 2006-06-14 2009-12-09 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Dispositif de simulation tactile ou haptique et clavier musical comportant au moins un tel dispositif de simulation
KR101559493B1 (ko) * 2014-07-10 2015-10-13 인하대학교 산학협력단 시각장애인을 위한 연습용 건반 구조체
DE102020106335B3 (de) 2019-12-18 2021-05-27 Inventus Engineering Gmbh Magnetorheologische Bremseinrichtung
WO2021260215A1 (fr) * 2020-06-26 2021-12-30 Inventus Engineering Gmbh Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil d'entrée et appareil d'entrée
WO2022079018A1 (fr) * 2020-10-13 2022-04-21 Inventus Engineering Gmbh Dispositif de commande haptique pourvu d'un système de freinage magnétorhéologique

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5217554B2 (ja) 2008-03-26 2013-06-19 ヤマハ株式会社 鍵盤装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040107784A1 (en) * 2002-12-07 2004-06-10 Wolfgang Kuechler Control element
EP2027576B1 (fr) 2006-06-14 2009-12-09 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Dispositif de simulation tactile ou haptique et clavier musical comportant au moins un tel dispositif de simulation
US20100031803A1 (en) 2006-06-14 2010-02-11 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Tactile or haptic device, and a musical keyboard with at least one such simulation device
FR2930654A1 (fr) * 2008-04-29 2009-10-30 Commissariat Energie Atomique Interface haptique a effort de freinage augmente
KR101559493B1 (ko) * 2014-07-10 2015-10-13 인하대학교 산학협력단 시각장애인을 위한 연습용 건반 구조체
DE102020106335B3 (de) 2019-12-18 2021-05-27 Inventus Engineering Gmbh Magnetorheologische Bremseinrichtung
WO2021260215A1 (fr) * 2020-06-26 2021-12-30 Inventus Engineering Gmbh Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil d'entrée et appareil d'entrée
WO2022079018A1 (fr) * 2020-10-13 2022-04-21 Inventus Engineering Gmbh Dispositif de commande haptique pourvu d'un système de freinage magnétorhéologique

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