WO2024041300A1 - 制动卡钳 - Google Patents

制动卡钳 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024041300A1
WO2024041300A1 PCT/CN2023/109489 CN2023109489W WO2024041300A1 WO 2024041300 A1 WO2024041300 A1 WO 2024041300A1 CN 2023109489 W CN2023109489 W CN 2023109489W WO 2024041300 A1 WO2024041300 A1 WO 2024041300A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power output
output component
transmission mechanism
brake caliper
gear
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/109489
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭锋亮
朱元澄
李运动
宣明
叶乙兴
Original Assignee
芜湖伯特利汽车安全系统股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 芜湖伯特利汽车安全系统股份有限公司 filed Critical 芜湖伯特利汽车安全系统股份有限公司
Priority to EP23856390.2A priority Critical patent/EP4549772A1/en
Priority to KR1020247031684A priority patent/KR20240152914A/ko
Publication of WO2024041300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024041300A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F16D65/183—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with force-transmitting members arranged side by side acting on a spot type force-applying member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/48—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel stationary axes, e.g. spur gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/52—Rotating members in mutual engagement with non-parallel stationary axes, e.g. worm or bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of braking systems. Specifically, the present invention relates to a brake caliper.
  • EMB electronic mechanical brake
  • the locking mechanism only has the parking function and does not have the function of releasing the residual clamping force.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a brake caliper, which aims to achieve reliable locking and simultaneously release the brake disc in time.
  • a brake caliper includes an actuator and a locking mechanism.
  • the actuator includes a first motor and a first transmission mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism includes a second motor and a second transmission mechanism.
  • the second transmission mechanism is connected to the motor and has a self-locking function.
  • the power output component of the second transmission mechanism has a plurality of convex teeth that mesh with a transmission gear on the power transmission path of the first transmission mechanism in the locked state.
  • the power output component of the second transmission mechanism is a semi-enclosed gear.
  • the semi-enclosed gear has a toothed area where the convex teeth are evenly distributed and a toothless area where the convex teeth are not arranged.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes a worm connected to the second motor, and the worm is meshed with the power output component.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes a worm connected to the second motor and a worm gear meshed with the worm, and the worm gear is connected to the power output component.
  • the brake caliper also includes a positioning mechanism for determining the initial position of the power output component.
  • the positioning mechanism includes a limiting pin provided on the power output component and a limiting elastic piece that cooperates with the limiting pin.
  • the limiting elastic piece is provided with a spring that allows the limiting pin to be embedded when the power output component is in the initial position. Locating slot.
  • the brake caliper also includes a gear housing.
  • the gear housing is provided with a guide groove for the limiting pin to be embedded, and the limiting elastic piece is located in the guide groove.
  • the limit pin is movably arranged on the power output component.
  • a mounting hole is provided on the power output component to accommodate the limit pin.
  • An elastic element for applying elastic force to the limit pin is provided in the mounting hole. .
  • the power output component of the second transmission mechanism is a rack.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes a self-locking transmission mechanism connected to the second motor, and the self-locking transmission mechanism is connected to the power output component.
  • the self-locking transmission mechanism is a screw nut mechanism.
  • the self-locking transmission mechanism is connected to the second motor through a third transmission mechanism, which includes a meshing driving gear and a driven gear.
  • the power output component of the second transmission mechanism meshes with the transmission gear located at the power output end or power input end of the first transmission mechanism.
  • the power output component of the second transmission mechanism is connected to the power output component of the first transmission mechanism.
  • the transmission gear between the input end and the power output end is meshed.
  • the brake caliper of the present invention can release the brake disc in time while achieving reliable locking, and can actively release the brake disc to avoid continuous wheel locking during vehicle braking.
  • Figure 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the brake caliper of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the brake caliper of Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the brake caliper
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the power output component and positioning mechanism
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the positioning mechanism
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the brake caliper of the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the power output component and positioning mechanism
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the power output component and positioning mechanism of the fourth embodiment.
  • Transmission gear 1a
  • transmission gear at the power output end
  • 1b intermediate gear
  • 1c transmission gear at the power input end
  • Brake caliper assembly 3.
  • Power output component 3a
  • limit pin 3b
  • elastic element 3c
  • gasket 4, worm; 5, worm gear; 6, second motor; 7, bearing; 8, rotating part; 9, translational part; 10, gear housing; 10a, guide groove; 10b, limit spring; 11.
  • this embodiment provides a brake caliper, which includes an actuator, a brake caliper assembly 2, an inner brake pad, an outer brake pad, a motion conversion mechanism, and a locking mechanism.
  • the actuator includes a first The motor and the first transmission mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism includes a second motor 6 and a second transmission mechanism connected to the second motor 6 and having a self-locking function.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism has the function of connecting with the third transmission mechanism in the locked state.
  • the brake caliper assembly 2 is a floating caliper structure with a cylinder hole and a hook structure.
  • the inner brake pad, the brake disc and the outer brake pad are sequentially installed in the hook structure.
  • the gear at the power input end of the first transmission mechanism is connected to the first motor, and the transmission gear 1 at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism is connected to the motion conversion mechanism.
  • the motion conversion mechanism includes a rotating part 8 and a translation part 9.
  • the motion conversion mechanism can be a ball screw pair or a sliding screw pair.
  • the motion conversion mechanism is a ball screw pair
  • the rotating part 8 is a screw shaft
  • the translation part 9 is a piston
  • the translation part 9 and the rotating part 8 form a ball screw pair.
  • the inner wall of the translation member 9 is provided with an inner spiral raceway that matches the outer spiral raceway of the rotating member 8, and the end surface of the translation member 9 is connected to the inner brake pad.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism meshes with the transmission gear 1 located at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism, and the transmission gear 1 and the rotating member 8 connection, when the transmission gear 1 rotates, it drives the rotating member 8 to rotate synchronously.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism is a semi-enclosed gear.
  • the semi-enclosed gear has a toothed area with evenly distributed convex teeth and a toothless area with no convex teeth arranged.
  • the teeth of the semi-closed gear do not cover the entire pitch circle.
  • the arc in the toothed area is greater than 180 degrees, and the arc in the toothless area is less than 180 degrees.
  • the convex teeth of the toothed area of the power output component 3 can mesh with the transmission gear 1, and the power output component 3 can roll along the transmission gear 1 until the toothed area of the power output component 3 is disengaged from the transmission gear 1. In this way, when the second motor 6 is running , the power output component 3 rotates. When the toothed area of the power output component 3 meshes with the transmission gear 1, the power output component 3 can roll along the transmission gear 1. At this time, the power output component 3 can drive the transmission gear 1.
  • the transmission gear 1 drives the rotating member 8 to rotate synchronously, and the rotating member 8 drives the translation member 9 to move linearly, which can realize the timely release of the brake caliper; after the power output component 3 rotates to a set angle, the power output component 3 has The toothed area is separated from the transmission gear 1, the power output component 3 rotates to the toothless area corresponding to the transmission gear 1, and the power output component 3 can no longer drive the transmission gear 1 to rotate.
  • the second transmission mechanism also includes a worm 4 connected to the second motor 6.
  • the worm 4 meshes with the power output component 3, and the worm 4 is the power input component of the second transmission mechanism.
  • the first motor and the second motor 6 are fixedly arranged, one end of the worm 4 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 6, and the other end of the worm 4 is covered with a bearing 7.
  • the worm 4 meshes with the convex teeth of the toothed area of the power output component 3, and the axis of the power output component 3 is parallel to the axis of the transmission gear 1.
  • the maximum rotation angle of the power output component 3 is 180 degrees.
  • part of the convex teeth in the toothed area of the power output component 3 meshes with the transmission gear 1, and the other part of the convex teeth in the toothed area of the power output component 3 meshes with the worm 4, and the power output component 3 meshes with the transmission gear 1.
  • the worm 4 cooperates to form a second transmission mechanism with a self-locking function.
  • the transmission gear 1 cannot rotate and the motion conversion mechanism cannot operate.
  • the plurality of convex teeth in the toothed area of the power output component 3 mesh with the transmission gear 1, so that the strength is increased, the locking mechanism is less likely to fail, and the reliability can be improved.
  • the second motor 6 of the locking mechanism operates, driving the transmission gear 1 to operate through the second transmission mechanism, and the transmission gear 1 drives the motion conversion mechanism to operate, so that the caliper can release the brake disc, which can prevent the vehicle from braking.
  • the wheels continue to lock up during driving.
  • the brake caliper of this embodiment further includes a positioning mechanism for determining the initial position of the power output component 3 .
  • the positioning mechanism includes a The limiting pin 3a and the limiting elastic piece 10b matching the limiting pin 3a.
  • the limiting elastic piece 10b is provided with a positioning groove for the limiting pin 3a to be embedded when the power output component 3 is in the initial position.
  • the brake caliper of this embodiment also includes a gear housing 10.
  • the gear housing 10 is provided with a guide groove 10a for the limiting pin 3a to be embedded, and the limiting elastic piece 10b is fixedly provided on in the guide groove 10a.
  • the guide groove 10a is an arc-shaped groove provided on the surface of the gear housing 10.
  • the guide groove 10a and the power output component 3 are coaxially arranged.
  • the gear housing 10 and the second motor 6 are relatively fixed, and the power output component 3 is It is rotatably arranged on the gear housing 10 .
  • the limiting pin 3a is movably arranged on the power output component 3.
  • the power output component 3 is provided with a mounting hole to receive the limiting pin 3a.
  • An elastic element 3b is provided in the mounting hole for exerting an elastic force on the limiting pin 3a.
  • the moving direction of the limit pin 3a is parallel to the axis of the power output component 3.
  • the mounting hole is a circular groove provided inside the power output component 3.
  • One end of the limit pin 3a is located in the mounting hole. The other end extends to the outside of the installation hole and this end of the limiting pin 3a is in contact with the limiting elastic piece 10b.
  • the elastic element 3b is sandwiched between the screws and the limiting pin 3a.
  • the elastic element 3b is a cylindrical coil spring and a compression spring.
  • the limiting elastic piece 10b is provided with protrusions on both sides of the positioning groove.
  • the positioning groove is located at the middle position of the two protrusions, and the protrusions protrude toward the guide groove 10a.
  • the distance between the top of the protrusion and the power output component 3 is smaller than the distance between the positioning groove and the power output component 3 .
  • the power output component 3 can drive the limit pin 3a to rotate synchronously, so that the limit pin 3a moves between the first position a, the second position b and the third position c.
  • the position b and the third position c are on the same circle and the second position is between the first position a and the third position c.
  • the main function of the limit pin 3a is to determine the initial position of the power output component 3. After the limit pin 3a is embedded in the positioning groove, the limit pin 3a is in the second position b at this time, and the power output component 3 The toothed area is separated from the transmission gear 1, and there is no meshing between the two. The locking mechanism cannot lock the transmission gear 1.
  • the first position a and the third position c are respectively located at both ends of the guide groove 10a in the arc length direction. The angle between the first position a and the third position c is also the maximum rotation angle of the power output component 3.
  • the first motor runs, and after the power is transmitted to the transmission gear 1, the transmission gear 1 is driven to rotate in the first direction.
  • the transmission gear 1 drives the motion conversion mechanism to perform corresponding actions, causing the brake caliper to perform a clamping action to achieve the predetermined
  • the second motor 6 drives the worm 4 to rotate, and then the worm 4 drives the power output component 3 to rotate in the second direction.
  • the convex teeth of the toothed area of the power output component 3 begin to mesh with the teeth of the transmission gear 1 .
  • the limit pin 3a As the power output component 3 starts to rotate, the limit pin 3a starts to move from the second position b. The limit pin 3a contacts the protrusion of the limit elastic piece 10b. After overcoming the elastic force of the elastic element 3b, the limit pin 3a faces the installation direction. The hole moves linearly, and as the power output component 3 rotates, the limiting pin 3a will cross the protrusion of the limiting elastic piece 10b.
  • the power output component 3 drives the limit pin 3a to continue to move in the guide groove 10a until the limit pin 3a moves to the first position a. At this time, the limit pin 3a contacts the inner wall surface of one end of the guide groove 10a in the arc length direction. , the power output component 3 stops rotating. The second motor 6 stops running after the power is cut off. The toothed area of the power output component 3 meshes with the worm 4 and the transmission gear 1 at the same time.
  • the second transmission mechanism has a self-locking function. The transmission gear 1 is locked and the motion conversion mechanism cannot operate. , to realize the parking lock function.
  • the first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotation directions. If the first direction is counterclockwise, the second direction is clockwise.
  • the second motor 6 of the locking mechanism is started, and the second motor 6 drives the worm 4 to rotate, and then the worm 4 drives the power output component 3 to rotate in the first direction.
  • the convex teeth of the toothed area of the power output component 3 are in contact with the transmission gear.
  • the power output component 3 begins to drive the transmission gear 1 to rotate in the second direction.
  • the transmission gear 1 drives the motion conversion mechanism to perform corresponding actions, causing the brake caliper to perform a release action and eliminate the clamping force.
  • the second motor works to release the residual force before the brake pads and brake discs, and the vehicle can still drive normally. Under the action of the EMB of the other three wheels, it still meets the requirements of L3 and above. Autopilot functionality.
  • the power output component 3 drives the limit pin 3a to move from the second position b.
  • the limit pin 3a contacts the protrusion of the limit elastic piece 10b.
  • the limit pin 3a 3a moves linearly toward the installation hole.
  • the power output component 3 rotates, the limiting pin 3a will cross the protrusion of the limiting elastic piece 10b.
  • the power output component 3 drives the limit pin 3a to continue to move in the guide groove 10a until the limit pin 3a moves to the third position c. At this time, the limit pin 3a contacts the inner end of the other end of the guide groove 10a in the arc length direction. wall, the power output component 3 stops rotating.
  • the second transmission mechanism also includes a worm 4 connected to the second motor 6 and a worm gear 5 meshed with the worm 4.
  • the worm gear 5 is connected to the power
  • the output component 3 is coaxially fixedly connected, and the worm gear 5 is connected with the power output component 3 to form a double gear.
  • the worm wheel 5 and the power output component 3 rotate synchronously.
  • the worm 4 drives The worm gear 5 rotates, and the worm gear 5 can drive the power output component 3 to rotate 360 degrees.
  • the brake caliper of this embodiment also includes a positioning mechanism for determining the initial position of the power output component 3 .
  • the positioning mechanism includes a limiting pin 3a and a limiting elastic piece 10b that matches the limiting pin 3a.
  • the limiting pin 3a can be provided on the power output component 3, or on the worm gear 5 that is coaxially fixedly connected with the power output component 3. In this case, the limiting pin 3a is provided on the power output component 3.
  • the guide groove 10a is an annular groove extending along the entire circumferential direction on the gear housing 10.
  • the guide groove 10a and the power output component 3 are coaxially arranged, and the limiting elastic piece 10b is fixedly arranged in the guide groove 10a.
  • the limiting elastic piece 10b is provided with two protrusions on both sides of the positioning groove.
  • the positioning groove is located at the middle position of the two protrusions.
  • the protrusion protrudes toward the guide groove 10a.
  • the top of the protrusion is between the power output component 3 and The distance between them is less than the distance between the positioning groove and the power output component 3.
  • it can drive the limit pin 3a to rotate synchronously.
  • the main function of the limit pin 3a is to determine the initial position of the power output component 3. After the limit pin 3a is embedded in the positioning groove, the limit pin 3a In the initial position, the toothed area of the power output component 3 is disengaged from the transmission gear 1, there is no meshing between the two, and the locking mechanism cannot lock the transmission gear 1.
  • the difference between the brake caliper of this embodiment and the first and second embodiments lies in the structure of the locking mechanism.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism is a rack.
  • the second transmission mechanism also includes a self-locking transmission mechanism connected to the second motor 6 .
  • the self-locking transmission mechanism has a self-locking function and is connected to the power output component 3 .
  • the self-locking transmission mechanism is a screw nut mechanism.
  • the self-locking transmission mechanism includes a matching screw shaft 12 and a nut 13.
  • the screw shaft 12 and the nut 13 constitute a screw transmission pair.
  • the screw shaft 12 is connected with the power
  • the output part 3 is fixedly connected.
  • the nut 13 and the driven gear 14 are coaxially fixedly connected, the driven gear 14 is meshed with the driving gear 11, and the driving gear 11 is fixedly connected with the output end of the second motor 6 catch.
  • the driven gear 14 cooperates with the driving gear 11 to form a third transmission mechanism.
  • the first motor runs, and after the power is transmitted to the transmission gear 1, the transmission gear 1 is driven to rotate in the first direction.
  • the transmission gear 1 drives the motion conversion mechanism to perform corresponding actions, causing the brake caliper to perform a clamping action to achieve the predetermined
  • the second motor 6 drives the third transmission mechanism to operate
  • the third transmission mechanism drives the self-locking transmission mechanism to operate
  • the screw shaft 12 of the self-locking transmission mechanism drives the power output component 3 to move linearly.
  • the power output component 3 moves a set distance
  • the power output component 3 meshes with the transmission gear 1, and the power output component 3 stops rotating.
  • the second motor 6 stops running after the power is cut off.
  • the power output component 3 is meshed with the transmission gear 1.
  • the second transmission mechanism has a self-locking function. The transmission gear 1 is locked and the motion conversion mechanism cannot operate, realizing the parking lock function.
  • the second motor 6 of the locking mechanism is started.
  • the second motor 6 drives the third transmission mechanism to operate.
  • the third transmission mechanism drives the self-locking transmission mechanism to operate.
  • the screw shaft 12 of the self-locking transmission mechanism drives the power output component 3. Move in a straight line.
  • the power output component 3 meshes with the transmission gear 1, the power output component 3 drives the transmission gear 1 to rotate in the second direction, and the transmission gear 1 drives the motion conversion mechanism to perform corresponding actions, causing the brake caliper to release the clamping force.
  • the second motor works to release the residual force before the brake pads and brake discs.
  • the vehicle can still drive normally, meeting the autonomous driving functions of L3 and above.
  • the difference between the brake caliper of this embodiment and the second embodiment lies in the position of the transmission gear.
  • the position is different.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism meshes with the transmission gear 1c located at the power input end of the first transmission mechanism.
  • the transmission gear 1c at the power input end of the first transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and the transmission gear 1a at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism is connected to the motion conversion mechanism.
  • the brake caliper of this embodiment also includes a positioning mechanism for determining the initial position of the power output component 3 .
  • the positioning mechanism includes a limiting pin 3a and a limiting elastic piece 10b that matches the limiting pin 3a. If the volume of the power output component 3 is small, the limit pin 3a can be fixedly arranged on the power output component 3 or on the worm gear 5 coaxially fixedly connected with the power output component 3, that is, the limit pin 3a is connected to the power output component 3 or the worm gear. 5 integrated into one. In this case, the limit pin 3a is integrated into the power output component 3.
  • the gear housing 10 is relatively fixed to the second motor 6.
  • the double gear composed of the power output component 3 and the worm gear 5 is rotatably arranged on the gear shaft of the gear housing 10 and is movable along the axial direction.
  • the elastic element 3b is coaxially arranged on the gear shaft of the gear housing 10 to exert an elastic force on the double gear composed of the power output component 3 and the worm gear 5.
  • the elastic element 3b is arranged on the side away from the limiting pin 3a.
  • a gasket 3c is provided between 3b and the worm gear 5.
  • the power output component 3 drives the limit pin 3a to move from the second position b.
  • the limit pin 3a contacts the protrusion of the limit elastic piece 10b.
  • the power output component 3 and the worm gear 5 move linearly along the axial direction and rotate at the same time, and the limit pin 3a will cross the protrusion of the limit elastic piece 10b.
  • the power output component 3 drives the limit pin 3a to continue moving in the guide groove 10a until the locking or emergency release function is completed.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism meshes with the transmission gear 1a at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism or the transmission gear 1c at the power input end.
  • the power output component 3 of the second transmission mechanism and the intermediate gear located between the power input end and the power output end of the first transmission mechanism 1b meshes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种制动卡钳，包括执行器和锁止机构，执行器包括第一电机和第一传动机构，锁止机构包括第二电机（6）和与第二电机连接且具备自锁功能的第二传动机构，第二传动机构的动力输出部（3）件在锁止状态时与第一传动机构的动力传递路径上的一传动齿轮（1）相啮合。该制动卡钳在具备锁止功能的同时可以在第一电机及其控制相关失效时，仍能够及时释放制动盘，避免车辆行驶过程中出现车轮持续抱死的情况。

Description

制动卡钳 技术领域
本发明属于制动系统技术领域，具体地说，本发明涉及一种制动卡钳。
背景技术
EMB(electronic mechanical brake，电子机械制动)采用轮端电机直接驱动，实现行车制动和释放功能，通常需要增加锁止机构实现驻车功能。
在制动时，如果单个卡钳的主电机或控制电路突然失效，传动机构本身具有阻力，制动片与制动盘之间的压力无法完全释放，制动片与制动盘之间仍存在残余夹紧力，这个残余夹紧力会导致制动卡钳处于夹紧状态，即车辆的四个车轮中，至少一个车轮拖滞力过大，无法让车辆安全的行驶，无法满足L3及以上等级的自动驾驶要求；
现有EMB技术中，锁止机构仅仅只具备驻车功能，没有释放残余夹紧力的功能。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提供一种制动卡钳，目的是实现可靠锁止的同时能够及时释放制动盘。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：制动卡钳，包括执行器和锁止机构，执行器包括第一电机和第一传动机构，所述锁止机构包括第二电机和与第二电机连接且具备自锁功能的第二传动机构，第二传动机构的动力输出部件具有在锁止状态时与所述第一传动机构的动力传递路径上的一传动齿轮相啮合的多个凸齿。
所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件为半封闭齿轮，半封闭齿轮上具有一个均布所述凸齿的有齿区和未布置凸齿的一个无齿区。
所述第二传动机构包括与所述第二电机连接的蜗杆，蜗杆与所述动力输出部件相啮合。
所述第二传动机构包括与所述第二电机连接的蜗杆和与蜗杆相啮合的蜗轮，蜗轮与所述动力输出部件连接。
所述的制动卡钳还包括用于确定所述动力输出部件的初始位置的定位机构。
所述定位机构包括设置于所述动力输出部件上的限位销和与限位销相配合的限位弹片，限位弹片上设置在所述动力输出部件处于初始位置时让限位销嵌入的定位槽。
所述的制动卡钳还包括齿轮壳体，齿轮壳体上设置让所述限位销嵌入的导向槽，所述限位弹片位于导向槽中。
所述限位销为可移动的设置于所述动力输出部件上，动力输出部件上设置容纳所述限位销的安装孔，安装孔内设置用于对限位销施加弹性作用力的弹性元件。
所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件为齿条。
所述第二传动机构包括与第二电机连接的自锁传动机构，自锁传动机构与所述动力输出部件连接。
所述自锁传动机构为丝杠螺母机构。
所述自锁传动机构通过第三传动机构与所述第二电机连接，第三传动机构包括相啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮。
所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件与位于所述第一传动机构的动力输出端或动力输入端的传动齿轮相啮合。
所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件与位于所述第一传动机构的动力输 入端和动力输出端之间的传动齿轮相啮合。
本发明的制动卡钳，可以在实现可靠锁止的同时能够及时释放制动盘，能够主动释放制动盘，避免车辆制动过程中出现车轮持续抱死的情况。
附图说明
本说明书包括以下附图，所示内容分别是：
图1是实施例一的制动卡钳的局部结构示意图；
图2是实施例二的制动卡钳的局部结构示意图；
图3是制动卡钳的局部剖视图；
图4是动力输出部件与定位机构的结构示意图；
图5是定位机构的剖视图；
图6是实施例三的锁止机构的结构示意图；
图7是实施例四的制动卡钳的局部结构示意图；
图8是动力输出部件与定位机构的结构示意图；
图9是实施例四的动力输出部件与定位机构的结构示意图；
图中标记为：
1、传动齿轮；1a、动力输出端的传动齿轮；1b、中间齿轮；1c、动力
输入端的传动齿轮；2、制动钳组件；3、动力输出部件；3a、限位销；3b、弹性元件；3c、垫片；4、蜗杆；5、蜗轮；6、第二电机；7、轴承；8、旋转件；9、平移件；10、齿轮壳体；10a、导向槽；10b、限位弹片；11、主动齿轮；12、丝杠轴；13、螺母；14、从动齿轮。
具体实施方式
下面对照附图，通过对实施例的描述，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，目的是帮助本领域的技术人员对本发明的构思、技术方案有 更完整、准确和深入的理解，并有助于其实施。
实施例一
如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种制动卡钳，包括执行器、制动钳组件2、内制动片、外制动片、运动转化机构和锁止机构，执行器包括第一电机和第一传动机构，锁止机构包括第二电机6和与第二电机6连接且具备自锁功能的第二传动机构，第二传动机构的动力输出部件3具有在锁止状态时与第一传动机构的动力传递路径上的一传动齿轮1相啮合的多个凸齿。
如图1和图3所示，制动钳组件2为浮动式卡钳结构，具有缸孔和勾爪结构，勾爪结构内依次安装内制动片、制动盘和外制动片。第一传动机构的动力输入端的齿轮与第一电机连接，第一传动机构的动力输出端的传动齿轮1与运动转化机构连接。运动转化机构包括旋转件8和平移件9，运动转化机构可以为滚珠丝杠副或滑动丝杠副。在本实施例中，运动转化机构为滚珠丝杠副，旋转件8为丝杠轴，平移件9为活塞，平移件9与旋转件8组成滚珠丝杠副。平移件9内壁设置与旋转件8的外螺旋滚道相匹配的内螺旋滚道，平移件9的端面与内制动片连接在一起。
如图1、图3和图4所示，在本实施例中，第二传动机构的动力输出部件3与位于第一传动机构的动力输出端的传动齿轮1相啮合，传动齿轮1与旋转件8连接，传动齿轮1转动时带动旋转件8同步转动。第二传动机构的动力输出部件3为半封闭齿轮，半封闭齿轮上具有一个均布凸齿的有齿区和未布置凸齿的一个无齿区。半封闭齿轮的轮齿不布满整个节圆圆周，有齿区的弧度大于180度，无齿区的弧度小于180度。动力输出部件3的有齿区的凸齿可以与传动齿轮1啮合，动力输出部件3能够沿着传动齿轮1滚动，直至动力输出部件3的有齿区与传动齿轮1脱离。这样当第二电机6运转过程 中，动力输出部件3进行转动，当动力输出部件3的有齿区与传动齿轮1相啮合时，动力输出部件3可以沿着传动齿轮1进行滚动，此时动力输出部件3可以带动传动齿轮1进行转动，传动齿轮1带动旋转件8同步转动，旋转件8带动平移件9进行直线移动，可以实现制动卡钳的及时释放；在动力输出部件3转动设定角度后，动力输出部件3的有齿区与传动齿轮1脱离，动力输出部件3旋转至无齿区与传动齿轮1对应，动力输出部件3不再能够带动传动齿轮1进行转动。
如图1和图3所示，第二传动机构还包括与第二电机6连接的蜗杆4，蜗杆4与动力输出部件3相啮合，蜗杆4为第二传动机构的动力输入部件。第一电机与第二电机6为固定设置，蜗杆4的一端与第二电机6的输出端固定连接，蜗杆4的另一端套设有轴承7。蜗杆4与动力输出部件3的有齿区的凸齿相啮合，动力输出部件3的轴线与传动齿轮1的轴线相平行。动力输出部件3的最大转动角度为180度。车辆处于驻车状态时，动力输出部件3的有齿区的一部分凸齿与传动齿轮1相啮合，动力输出部件3的有齿区的另一部分凸齿与蜗杆4相啮合，动力输出部件3与蜗杆4相配合，形成的第二传动机构具备自锁功能，传动齿轮1不能转动，运动转换机构不能运转。动力输出部件3的有齿区的多个凸齿与传动齿轮1相啮合，强度提高，锁止机构不容易失效，可以提高可靠性。
当第一电机出现失效时，锁止机构的第二电机6运转，通过第二传动机构带动传动齿轮1运转，传动齿轮1带动运动转换机构运转，使卡钳能够释放制动盘，可以避免车辆制动过程中出现车轮持续抱死的情况。
如图1、图4和图5所示，本实施例的制动卡钳还包括用于确定动力输出部件3的初始位置的定位机构。定位机构包括设置于动力输出部件3上的 限位销3a和与限位销3a相配合的限位弹片10b，限位弹片10b上设置在动力输出部件3处于初始位置时让限位销3a嵌入的定位槽。
如图1、图4和图5所示，本实施例的制动卡钳还包括齿轮壳体10，齿轮壳体10上设置让限位销3a嵌入的导向槽10a，限位弹片10b固定设置在导向槽10a中。导向槽10a为在齿轮壳体10的表面上设置的圆弧形凹槽，导向槽10a与动力输出部件3为同轴设置，齿轮壳体10与第二电机6相对固定，动力输出部件3为可旋转的设置于齿轮壳体10上。限位销3a为可移动的设置于动力输出部件3上，动力输出部件3上设置容纳限位销3a的安装孔，安装孔内设置用于对限位销3a施加弹性作用力的弹性元件3b。限位销3a的移动方向与动力输出部件3的轴线相平行，安装孔为在动力输出部件3的内部设置的圆形凹槽，限位销3a的一端位于安装孔中，限位销3a的另一端伸出至安装孔外侧且限位销3a的该端与限位弹片10b相接触。
如图4所示，安装孔中设置螺钉，螺钉与动力输出部件3为螺纹连接，弹性元件3b夹在螺钉与限位销3a之间，弹性元件3b为圆柱螺旋弹簧且为压缩弹簧。
如图1、图4和图5所示，限位弹片10b上在定位槽的两侧分别设置有凸起，定位槽位于两个凸起中间位置处，凸起朝向导向槽10a内凸出，凸起的顶端与动力输出部件3之间的距离小于定位槽与动力输出部件3之间的距离。动力输出部件3在转动过程中，可以带动限位销3a同步转动，使限位销3a在第一位置a、第二位置b和第三位置c之间进行移动，第一位置a、第二位置b和第三位置c处于同一圆周上且第二位置位于第一位置a和第三位置c之间。限位销3a的主要作用是确定动力输出部件3的初始位置，限位销3a嵌入定位槽中后，此时限位销3a处于第二位置b，动力输出部件3 的有齿区与传动齿轮1脱离，两者之间不啮合，锁止机构对传动齿轮1不能起到锁止作用。第一位置a和第三位置c分别位于导向槽10a的弧长方向上的两端，第一位置a和第三位置c之间的夹角也即动力输出部件3最大转动角度。
本实施例的制动卡钳的锁止功能实现过程如下：
车辆驻车时，第一电机运转，动力传递至传动齿轮1后，驱动传动齿轮1沿第一方向转动，传动齿轮1带动运动转换机构进行相应动作，使制动卡钳进行夹紧动作，达到预定驻车夹紧力时，第二电机6驱动蜗杆4转动，进而蜗杆4驱动动力输出部件3沿第二方向转动，动力输出部件3的有齿区的凸齿与传动齿轮1的齿开始啮合。
随着动力输出部件3开始转动，限位销3a从第二位置b开始移动，限位销3a与限位弹片10b的凸起接触，在克服弹性元件3b的弹力后，限位销3a朝向安装孔内直线移动，随着动力输出部件3的转动，限位销3a会越过限位弹片10b的凸起。
动力输出部件3带动限位销3a继续在导向槽10a内移动，直至限位销3a移动至第一位置a处，此时限位销3a接触到导向槽10a的弧长方向上的一端的内壁面，动力输出部件3停止转动。第二电机6断电后停止运转，动力输出部件3的有齿区同时与蜗杆4和传动齿轮1相啮合，第二传动机构具备自锁功能，传动齿轮1被锁止，运动转换机构不能运转，实现驻车锁止功能。
第一方向和第二方向为相反的两个旋转方向，如第一方向为逆时针方向，则第二方向为顺时针方向。
本实施例的制动卡钳的紧急释放功能实现过程如下：
在车辆制动时，如果第一电机或者控制第一电机的电路出现失效，由于传动系统自身的转动阻力，制动盘与制动片之间不能自行释放或完全释放，导致制动卡钳一直处于夹紧状态。
此时，启动锁止机构的第二电机6，第二电机6驱动蜗杆4转动，进而蜗杆4驱动动力输出部件3沿第一方向转动，动力输出部件3的有齿区的凸齿与传动齿轮1的齿开始啮合后，动力输出部件3开始带动传动齿轮1沿第二方向转动，传动齿轮1带动运动转换机构进行相应动作，使制动卡钳进行释放动作，消除夹紧力。
即当主电机或控制电路失效时，第二电机起作用释放制动片与制动盘之前的残余力，车辆仍然能够正常行驶，在其他三个车轮EMB的作用下，依然满足L3及以上级别的自动驾驶功能。
随着蜗轮5开始转动，动力输出部件3带动限位销3a从第二位置b开始移动，限位销3a与限位弹片10b的凸起接触，在克服弹性元件3b的弹力后，限位销3a朝向安装孔内直线移动，随着动力输出部件3的转动，限位销3a会越过限位弹片10b的凸起。
动力输出部件3带动限位销3a继续在导向槽10a内移动，直至限位销3a移动至第三位置c处，此时限位销3a接触到导向槽10a的弧长方向上的另一端的内壁面，动力输出部件3停止转动。
实施例二
如图2所示，本实施例的制动卡钳与实施例一的不同在于，第二传动机构还包括与第二电机6连接的蜗杆4和与蜗杆4相啮合的蜗轮5，蜗轮5与动力输出部件3为同轴固定连接，蜗轮5与动力输出部件3连接形成双联齿轮，蜗轮5与动力输出部件3同步转动，在第二电机6运转后，蜗杆4带动 蜗轮5转动，蜗轮5可以带动动力输出部件3进行360度转动。
本实施例的制动卡钳同样包括用于确定动力输出部件3的初始位置的定位机构。定位机构包括限位销3a和与限位销3a相配合的限位弹片10b。限位销3a可以设置于动力输出部件3上，或设置在与动力输出部件3同轴固定连接的蜗轮5上，本案例中，限位销3a设置在动力输出部件3上。
如图8所示，在本实施例中，导向槽10a为在齿轮壳体10上沿整个周向延伸的圆环形凹槽，导向槽10a与动力输出部件3为同轴设置，限位弹片10b固定设置在导向槽10a中。限位弹片10b上在定位槽的两侧分别设置有两个凸起，定位槽位于两个凸起中间位置处，凸起朝向导向槽10a内凸出，凸起的顶端与动力输出部件3之间的距离小于定位槽与动力输出部件3之间的距离。动力输出部件3在转动过程中，可以带动限位销3a同步转动，限位销3a的主要作用是确定动力输出部件3的初始位置，限位销3a嵌入定位槽中后，此时限位销3a处于初始位置，动力输出部件3的有齿区与传动齿轮1脱离，两者之间不啮合，锁止机构对传动齿轮1不能起到锁止作用。
实施例三
如图6所示，本实施例的制动卡钳与实施例一和实施例二的不同在于锁止机构的结构不同。在本实施例中，第二传动机构的动力输出部件3为齿条。第二传动机构还包括与第二电机6连接的自锁传动机构，自锁传动机构具备自锁功能，自锁传动机构与动力输出部件3连接。
在本实施例中，自锁传动机构为丝杠螺母机构，自锁传动机构包括相配合的丝杠轴12和螺母13，丝杠轴12和螺母13构成螺旋传动副，丝杠轴12与动力输出部件3固定连接。螺母13与从动齿轮14为同轴固定连接，从动齿轮14与主动齿轮11相啮合，主动齿轮11与第二电机6的输出端固定连 接。从动齿轮14与主动齿轮11相配合，构成第三传动机构。
本实施例的制动卡钳的锁止功能实现过程如下：
车辆驻车时，第一电机运转，动力传递至传动齿轮1后，驱动传动齿轮1沿第一方向转动，传动齿轮1带动运动转换机构进行相应动作，使制动卡钳进行夹紧动作，达到预定驻车夹紧力时，第二电机6驱动第三传动机构运转，第三传动机构带动自锁传动机构运转，自锁传动机构的丝杠轴12带动动力输出部件3进行直线移动。当动力输出部件3移动设定距离后，动力输出部件3与传动齿轮1啮合，动力输出部件3停止转动。第二电机6断电后停止运转，动力输出部件3与传动齿轮1相啮合，第二传动机构具备自锁功能，传动齿轮1被锁止，运动转换机构不能运转，实现驻车锁止功能。
本实施例的制动卡钳的紧急释放功能实现过程如下：
在车辆制动时，如果第一电机或者控制第一电机的电路出现失效，由于传动系统自身的转动阻力，制动盘与制动片之间不能自行释放或完全释放，导致制动卡钳一直处于夹紧状态。
此时，启动锁止机构的第二电机6，第二电机6驱动第三传动机构运转，第三传动机构带动自锁传动机构运转，自锁传动机构的丝杠轴12带动动力输出部件3进行直线移动。当动力输出部件3与传动齿轮1啮合后，动力输出部件3带动传动齿轮1沿第二方向转动，传动齿轮1带动运动转换机构进行相应动作，使制动卡钳进行释放动作，消除夹紧力。
即当主电机或控制电路失效，第二电机起作用释放制动片与制动盘之前的残余力，车辆仍然能够正常行驶，满足L3及以上级别的自动驾驶功能。
实施例四
如图7所示，本实施例的制动卡钳与实施例二的不同在于传动齿轮的位 置的不同，在本实施例中，第二传动机构的动力输出部件3与位于第一传动机构的动力输入端的传动齿轮1c相啮合。第一传动机构的动力输入端的传动齿轮1c与第一电机的输出端固定连接，第一传动机构的动力输出端的传动齿轮1a与运动转化机构连接。
本实施例的制动卡钳同样包括用于确定动力输出部件3的初始位置的定位机构。定位机构包括限位销3a和与限位销3a相配合的限位弹片10b。如果动力输出部件3的体积较小，限位销3a可以固定设置在动力输出部件3上或与动力输出部件3同轴固定连接的蜗轮5上，即限位销3a与动力输出部件3或蜗轮5集成为一体。本案例中，限位销3a在动力输出部件3集成为一体。
齿轮壳体10与第二电机6相对固定，动力输出部件3和蜗轮5组成的双联齿轮可旋转的设置于齿轮壳体10的齿轮轴上，并且为沿轴向可移动的设置。弹性元件3b同轴设置在齿轮壳体10的齿轮轴上，对动力输出部件3和蜗轮5组成的双联齿轮施加弹性作用力，弹性元件3b设置在远离限位销3a的一侧，弹性元件3b与蜗轮5之间设置垫片3c。
随着蜗轮5开始转动，动力输出部件3带动限位销3a从第二位置b开始移动，限位销3a与限位弹片10b的凸起接触，在克服弹性元件3b的弹力后，动力输出部件3和蜗轮5一起沿轴向作直线移动，同时进行转动，限位销3a会越过限位弹片10b的凸起。动力输出部件3带动限位销3a继续在导向槽10a内移动，直至完成锁止或紧急释放功能。
第二传动机构的动力输出部件3与位于第一传动机构的动力输出端的传动齿轮1a或动力输入端的传动齿轮1c相啮合。或者，第二传动机构的动力输出部件3与位于第一传动机构的动力输入端和动力输出端之间的中间齿轮 1b相啮合。
以上结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述。显然，本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制。只要是采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进；或未经改进，将本发明的上述构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种制动卡钳，包括执行器和锁止机构，执行器包括第一电机和第一传动机构，其特征在于：所述锁止机构包括第二电机和与第二电机连接且具备自锁功能的第二传动机构，第二传动机构的动力输出部件在锁止状态时与所述第一传动机构的动力传递路径上的一传动齿轮相啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件为半封闭齿轮，半封闭齿轮上具有一个均布凸齿的有齿区和未布置凸齿的一个无齿区。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构包括与所述第二电机连接的蜗杆，蜗杆与所述动力输出部件相啮合。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构包括与所述第二电机连接的蜗杆和与蜗杆相啮合的蜗轮，蜗轮与所述动力输出部件连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：还包括用于确定所述动力输出部件的初始位置的定位机构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述定位机构包括限位销和与限位销相配合的限位弹片，限位弹片上设置在所述动力输出部件处于初始位置时让限位销嵌入的定位槽。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：还包括齿轮壳体，齿轮壳体上设置让所述限位销嵌入的导向槽，所述限位弹片位于导向槽中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述限位销为可移动的设置于所述动力输出部件上或与动力输出部件同轴设置的蜗轮上，动力输出部件上或与动力输出部件同轴设置的蜗轮上设置容纳所述限位销的安 装孔，安装孔内设置用于对限位销施加弹性作用力的弹性元件。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述限位销为固定的设置在所述动力输出部件上或所述与动力输出部件连接的蜗轮上，动力输出部件或与动力输出部件同轴设置的蜗轮上位于导向槽的另一侧设置弹性元件，所述弹性元件对所述动力输出部件或与动力输出部件同轴设置的蜗轮施加弹性力，所述弹性元件与所述动力输出部件或与动力输出部件同轴设置的蜗轮之间设置垫片。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件为齿条。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构包括与所述第二电机连接的自锁传动机构，自锁传动机构与所述动力输出部件连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述自锁传动机构为丝杠螺母机构。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述自锁传动机构通过第三传动机构与所述第二电机连接，第三传动机构包括相啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任一所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件与位于所述第一传动机构的动力输出端或动力输入端的传动齿轮相啮合。
  15. 根据权利要求1至13任一所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述第二传动机构的动力输出部件与位于所述第一传动机构的动力输入端和动力输出端之间的传动齿轮相啮合。
  16. 根据权利要求6所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述限位弹片上在所述定位槽的两侧分别设置有凸起，所述凸起的顶端与所述动力输出部件之间的距离小于所述定位槽与所述动力输出部件之间的距离。
  17. 根据权利要求7所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述导向槽为在齿轮壳体的表面上设置的圆环或圆弧形凹槽，所述导向槽与所述动力输出部件为同轴设置。
  18. 根据权利要求8所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述安装孔中设有与所述动力输出部件螺纹连接的螺钉，所述弹性元件夹在所述螺钉与所述限位销之间。
  19. 根据权利要求8所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述弹性元件为圆柱螺旋弹簧且为压缩弹簧。
  20. 根据权利要求13所述的制动卡钳，其特征在于：所述自锁传动机构包括相配合的丝杠轴和螺母，所述丝杠轴与所述动力输出部件固定连接，所述螺母与所述从动齿轮为同轴固定连接。
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