WO2024040798A1 - 司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆 - Google Patents

司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024040798A1
WO2024040798A1 PCT/CN2022/137861 CN2022137861W WO2024040798A1 WO 2024040798 A1 WO2024040798 A1 WO 2024040798A1 CN 2022137861 W CN2022137861 W CN 2022137861W WO 2024040798 A1 WO2024040798 A1 WO 2024040798A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hood
plate
cover plate
body frame
deflector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/137861
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张雷
付磊
付春磊
宫井香
刘晨辉
司志强
武娟娟
安晓玉
霍莹
宋明阳
Original Assignee
中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
Publication of WO2024040798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024040798A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/02—Construction details of vehicle bodies reducing air resistance by modifying contour ; Constructional features for fast vehicles sustaining sudden variations of atmospheric pressure, e.g. when crossing in tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/08—Sides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/12—Roofs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D25/00—Window arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/02—Head or tail indicators, e.g. light

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a driver's cab hood, a driver's cab and a rail vehicle.
  • the driver's cab of a rail vehicle usually includes a driver's cab hood and a car body, which are manufactured separately and then assembled into one.
  • the hood's main function is to control the opening and closing of the front hood through the opening and closing mechanism.
  • the rail vehicle can perform operations such as coupler reconnection, emergency rescue, and equipment maintenance. .
  • the hood is closed, it protects the front body and driver during operation.
  • the hood of the driver's cab usually has an integral structure, especially in some application scenarios of high-speed rail trains.
  • the hood of the driver's cab is usually streamlined and made in one piece. Brackets, connecting frames, etc. are connected to the car body frame.
  • hood During high-speed operation, rail trains are easily hit by foreign objects such as gravel, stones, and birds. Since the hood is located at the front of the train, the impact and damage are particularly serious. When the hood is severely damaged and cannot be used, a new hood needs to be replaced in order to quickly repair the function. Since the hood in the existing technology is usually an integral structure, even if it is partially damaged, it must be replaced as a whole. The hood is connected to the car body through fasteners, and the overall volume is huge. When replacing it, a large number of external equipment such as couplers, obstacle removers, and opening and closing mechanisms need to be removed. After replacing the hood, restore it one by one. After restoration, the hood needs to be reassembled. The paint is repaired together with the car, and the overall replacement process is time-consuming and complex.
  • a driver's cab hood, a driver's cab and a rail vehicle are provided.
  • a driver's cab hood including:
  • hood middle top panel Split design of hood middle top panel, hood side top panel, hood front top panel, hood side wall panels, hood headlight cover panel, hood bottom side deflector, hood bottom deflector, and middle hood Hood plate and windshield glass support plate, in which the front of the hood is provided with a middle top plate of the hood, a head-facing top plate, a windshield support plate, a middle hood plate and a bottom hood deflector from back to front and top to bottom.
  • hood side top plate On both sides of the hood, from back to front and from top to bottom, the hood side top plate, hood side wall panels, hood headlight cover plate and hood bottom side deflector are arranged; each component cover of the hood The plates are all arranged on the outside of the vehicle body frame, and adjacent cover panels are connected; each component cover panel of the hood is detachably connected to the vehicle body frame.
  • a driver's cab including the driver's cab hood as described above.
  • a rail vehicle including a driver's cab as described above.
  • each cover panel that makes up the hood can be designed, processed and assembled for use.
  • the hood is damaged during use, only the cover panels in the damaged parts can be replaced. , greatly reducing maintenance costs; in addition, when the car model changes and the size of the cab changes, the applicable cover panels can be retained, and only the unsuitable cover panels can be designed, developed and replaced, which can improve the performance of the hood in different projects.
  • Versatility reduces the number of molds required for new product development and reduces development and manufacturing cycles and costs.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembled driver's cab hood provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the windshield glass support plate
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation point location of the windshield glass support plate
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom mounting point of the windshield glass support plate
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top mounting point of the windshield glass support plate
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation point structure on both sides of the windshield glass support plate
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the hood headlight cover plate (one side);
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation point position of the hood headlight cover plate
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first mounting point of the headlight cover plate (partial enlargement).
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the first installation point of the headlight cover plate on the vehicle body frame
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the second mounting point of the headlight cover plate (viewed from outside to inside);
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the second mounting point of the headlight cover plate (viewed from the inside to the outside);
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the third mounting point of the headlight cover plate
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth mounting point of the headlight cover plate (viewed from outside to inside);
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth mounting point of the headlight cover plate (viewed from the inside to the outside);
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth mounting point of the headlight cover plate (viewed from top to bottom);
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth mounting point of the headlight cover plate (viewed from bottom to top);
  • Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the sixth mounting point of the headlight cover plate
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the installation point position of the middle cover plate of the hood.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the first installation point of the middle cover plate (viewed from outside to inside);
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the first installation point of the middle cover plate (viewed from the inside to the outside);
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of the second installation point of the middle cover plate
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the third installation point of the middle cover plate (viewed from bottom to top);
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the third installation point of the middle cover plate (viewed from top to bottom);
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the installation point position of the side deflector at the bottom of the hood
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of the first installation point of the side air deflector (viewed from outside to inside);
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the first installation point of the side air deflector (viewed from the inside to the outside);
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom bracket of the hood (viewed from top to bottom);
  • Figure 29 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom bracket of the hood (viewed from bottom to top);
  • Figure 30 is a schematic structural diagram of the second installation point of the side air deflector
  • Figure 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the third and fourth mounting points of the side air deflector
  • Figure 32 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth installation point of the side air deflector (viewed from the inside to the outside);
  • Figure 33 is a schematic structural diagram of the first installation point of the side air deflector (viewed from outside to inside);
  • Figure 34 is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth installation point of the side air deflector
  • Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the air deflector at the bottom of the hood
  • Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the installation point position of the front top plate of the hood.
  • Figure 37 is a schematic structural diagram of the first mounting point of the front top plate of the hood.
  • Figure 38 is a schematic structural diagram of the top frame of the hood
  • Figure 39 is a schematic structural diagram of the second mounting point of the front top plate of the hood.
  • Figure 40 is a schematic diagram of the installation point position of the top plate in the hood
  • Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of the installation point structure of the top plate in the hood
  • Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of the installation point position of the hood side top plate
  • Figure 43 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper mounting point of the hood side top plate
  • Figure 44 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower mounting point of the hood side top plate.
  • 143-Front top plate of hood 1431-First installation point of front top plate; 1432-Second installation point of front top plate; 1433-Front top plate connection code; 1434-Front top plate connection bracket;
  • the inventor discovered that in the field of rail vehicles, the driver's cab hood in the prior art has an integral structure.
  • the hood is seriously damaged during use and cannot be used, it is necessary to quickly repair the function.
  • the entire cover needs to be replaced with a new one.
  • the hood is connected to the car body through fasteners, and the overall volume is huge.
  • a large number of external equipment such as couplers, obstacle removers, and opening and closing mechanisms need to be removed.
  • After replacing the hood restore it one by one. After restoration, the hood needs to be reassembled. The paint is repaired together with the car, and the overall replacement process is time-consuming and complex.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a driver's cab hood.
  • This embodiment uses its application on a rail vehicle as an example to specifically illustrate the implementation of the driver's cab hood, as shown in Figure 1-44.
  • the vehicle length direction of the rail vehicle is called the longitudinal direction
  • the vehicle width direction is called the transverse direction
  • the vehicle height direction is called the vertical direction
  • the direction toward the running direction of the rail vehicle is called front
  • the direction toward the opposite direction of the rail vehicle running It is called rear
  • the direction toward the outside of the cab is called outward
  • the direction toward the inside of the cab is called inward.
  • the driver's cab hood provided by the embodiment of the present application is arranged on the outside of the vehicle body frame.
  • the car body frame 104 serves as the main load-bearing structure at the front end of the car body and is used to install the main components of the driver's cab.
  • the rear end of the car body frame 104 is connected to the car body, and a viewing window is opened in the front.
  • the driver's cab hood includes a split-design hood middle top panel 141, hood side top panel 142, hood front top panel 143, hood side wall panels 144, hood headlight cover panel 145, and hood bottom side deflector 146 , hood bottom deflector 147, hood middle cover plate 148 and windshield glass support plate 149.
  • the front of the hood is provided with a hood middle top plate 141, a head-facing top plate 143, and a windshield in order from back to front and top to bottom.
  • the glass support plate 149, the middle hood cover plate 148 and the hood bottom deflector 147 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the hood from back to front and top to bottom.
  • hood side top plate 142 and the hood side wall panels 144 are arranged symmetrically. , hood headlight cover plate 145 and hood bottom side deflector 146; each component cover plate of the hood is arranged on the outside of the vehicle body frame, and adjacent cover plates are connected or detachably connected to each other; hood Each component cover panel is detachably connected to the car body frame.
  • the hood is a streamlined cover body formed by splicing and enclosing the component cover panels.
  • the streamlined overall cover body design can reduce the air resistance encountered by the driver's cab when the train is running at high speed. After the hood is damaged, only the damaged part of the hood can be replaced instead of replacing the entire hood, which effectively shortens the replacement cycle and saves time and economic costs.
  • the multiple cover panels that make up the hood can be processed separately.
  • Some more regular cover panels such as the hood middle top panel 141, the hood side top panel 142, the hood front top panel 143, the hood middle cover panel 148, the hood side wall panels 144, the hood bottom deflector 147, etc. can be used. It is processed from profiles, and only the irregular cover panels such as the hood headlight cover panel 145, the hood bottom side deflector 146, etc. need to be molded, which reduces the design amount and quantity of mold opening.
  • a hood top frame 1402 is provided on the top of the vehicle body frame 104. As shown in Figures 38 and 40, the hood top frame 1420 includes:
  • top frame support frames which are respectively installed at the installation positions of the hood middle top plate 141, the hood side top plate 142, and the hood front top plate 143. They are used to support and fix the hood middle top plate 141 and the hood.
  • the side top plate 142 and the hood front top plate 143, the top of the hood top frame extends upward or diagonally upward, the lower end of the top frame support frame is connected to the vehicle body frame 104, and the top and middle parts of the top frame support frame are provided with C shaped groove;
  • the top frame arch frame is set at the installation position of the front roof panel 143 of the hood. Both ends of the top frame arch frame are fixed on the car body frame 104.
  • the middle part is an arch bridge-type protrusion.
  • the hood top frame 1402 is designed to facilitate the installation of the hood top panel. With the support of the hood top frame, the various panels on the top of the hood such as the hood middle top panel 141, the hood side top panel 142 and the hood There will be a space between the front roof panel 143 and the top of the vehicle body frame 104, which can be used to install some equipment or wiring.
  • the car body frame 104 is usually made of profiles and has a relatively square structure, and the streamlined overall shape of the hood requires each cover panel to have a curved structure corresponding to its installation position, the top frame of the hood is more suitable for installation with Cover panel with curved structure.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method for installing the hood middle top plate 141:
  • the hood middle top plate 141 is a plate structure with curvature in the transverse direction, and is arranged on the vehicle body.
  • the rear end of the hood center roof panel 141 i.e., the end close to the vehicle body in the longitudinal direction
  • top frame support frames At the installation position of the top plate 141 in the hood, a row of top frame support frames is fixed symmetrically on both sides of the top of the vehicle body frame 104.
  • the top frame support frames in each column can be arranged at equal distances, or the spacing can be set as needed.
  • middle top plate mounting points 1411 on the periphery of the hood middle top plate 141 There are middle top plate mounting points 1411 on the periphery of the hood middle top plate 141.
  • the middle top plate mounting points 1411 on both sides of the hood middle top plate 141 are connected to C on the top frame support frame at positions corresponding to the middle top plate mounting points 1411 through fasteners 191. Detachable connection with shaped grooves.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method for installing the hood side top plate 142: there are two hood side top plates 142, which are symmetrically arranged on the above-mentioned head hood. On both sides of the hood center top plate 141, the hood side top plate 142 also has a curved surface in the transverse direction. Its upper side is connected to the side of the hood center top plate 141, and its lower side is fixed to the top edge of the vehicle body frame 104.
  • the installed hood side top plate 142 is in a curved surface from top to bottom, and is The top plate 141 in the hood is assembled into an arch structure.
  • Side top plate mounting points 1421 are provided on both sides of the hood side top plate 142.
  • the side top plate installation points 1421 on the upper side of the hood side top plate 142 are connected to the middle portion of the top frame support frame located on both sides of the hood middle top plate 141 through fasteners 191.
  • the C-shaped grooves are detachably connected, and the side top plate mounting points 1421 on the lower side of the hood side top plate 142 are detachably connected to the C-shaped grooves 1041 of the vehicle body frame at corresponding positions through fasteners 191.
  • the "middle part" mentioned in the embodiments of this application does not specifically refer to the exact middle position, unless otherwise emphasized, but rather to any appropriate position located on both sides or between both ends of a component.
  • the side edges of the hood side top plate 142 are connected to the side top plate of the vehicle body after the entire vehicle is assembled.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method for installing the hood front top plate 143: above the window window of the vehicle body frame 104, from the window window.
  • the space from the upper end to the front end of the hood middle top plate 141 is the installation position of the hood front top plate 143.
  • top frame arch frames are set symmetrically longitudinally, and two top frame arch frames are placed horizontally.
  • a top frame support frame is provided in the middle position one front and one back.
  • the rear end of the hood front top plate 143 is connected to the front end of the hood middle top plate 141.
  • the front end of the hood front top plate 143 is provided with a second mounting point 1432 for the front top plate.
  • the rear end of the hood front top plate 143 is provided with a first installation point of the front top plate.
  • Point 1431, the first installation point 1431 of the front roof and the second installation point 1432 of the front roof are integrated with the front roof connection code 1433; the first installation point 1431 of the front roof connects the front roof connection code 1433 to the front roof connection bracket through the fastener 191 1434 is connected to the C-shaped groove provided at the corresponding position on the vehicle body frame 104; the second mounting point of the front top plate connects the front top plate connection code 1433 to the front top plate connection bracket 1434 through the fastener 191 and is provided on the hood top frame 1402 The C-shaped grooves at corresponding positions are connected.
  • the position of the front top plate 143 of the hood is the transition position of the hood from the connection point with the vehicle body to the front cover plate. After installation, it is a transitional curved plate with a high rear end (connected to the middle top plate of the hood) and a low front end. Part of the overall streamlined shape of the hood.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method for installing the windshield glass support plate 149:
  • the windshield glass support plate 149 is a frame-shaped structure adapted to the window window , is located at the window window opened on the vehicle body frame 104, and its upper end is connected with the hood front top plate 143;
  • the windshield glass support plate 149 is provided with mounting points around the periphery; among them, the windshield support plate located at the top of the windshield glass support plate 149
  • the top mounting point 1491 and the bottom mounting point 1492 of the windshield support plate located at the bottom of the windshield glass support plate 149 are connected to the corresponding vehicle body frame C-shaped groove 1041 through the windshield connecting plate 1494 and fasteners 191; located at the windshield glass support plate 149
  • Windshield connection brackets 1495 are integrated at the mounting points 1493 on both sides of the windshield support plate on both sides of the inner surface.
  • the windshield connection bracket 1495 is connected to the C-shaped groove 1041 of the vehicle body frame at the corresponding position through the windshield connection plate 1494 and fasteners 191.
  • the windshield connecting plate 1494 located at the installation point 1492 at the bottom of the windshield support plate is a horizontal straight plate structure
  • the windshield connection plate 1494 located at the installation point 1491 at the top of the windshield support plate is a curved structure adapted to the top of the vehicle body frame 104 being bent down to the front face.
  • Folding plate, windshield connection bracket 1495 is a U-shaped structure with an opening integrated at installation points 1493 on both sides of the windshield support plate
  • windshield connection plate 1494 located at installation points 1493 on both sides of the windshield support plate is a 90° bent plate structure.
  • sealant 192 Further sealing with sealant can prevent oncoming airflow from entering the driver's cab through gaps during high-speed operation.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method for installing the middle hood cover plate 148: the middle hood cover plate 148 is arranged on the vehicle body frame 104 On the lower side of the window, its top end is connected to the lower end of the windshield glass support plate 149, and its bottom end is bent toward the inside of the vehicle body frame 104; mounting points are provided around the middle cover plate 148 of the hood.
  • the first mounting point 1481 of the middle hood plate located at the top of the middle hood plate 148 is connected to the windshield connection bracket 1495 provided at the corresponding position on the windshield glass support plate 149 through the fastener 191 and the middle hood plate connection bracket 1484.
  • the middle hood connecting bracket 1484 here is a U-shaped structure with an opening integrated at the first installation point 1481 of the middle hood, and the windshield connecting bracket 1495 is adapted to the height of the connection surface between the hood middle hood 148 and the windshield support plate 149 Poor ladder structure.
  • the second mounting points 1482 of the middle cover plate located on both sides of the middle cover plate 148 of the hood are connected to the headlamp cover plate connection codes 1457 at the corresponding positions on the headlamp cover plate 145 through the fasteners 191 and the middle cover plate connecting bracket 1484.
  • Connection; the middle cover plate connection bracket 1484 here is a U-shaped structure integrated in the opening at the second installation point 1482 of the middle cover plate, and the headlight cover plate connection code 1457 is adapted to the middle cover plate 148 of the hood and the front of the hood.
  • the lamp cover plate 145 has a ladder-shaped structure connected with flanges.
  • the third mounting point 1483 of the middle cover plate located at the bottom end of the inwardly bent hood middle cover plate 148 is connected to the C-shaped groove 1041 of the vehicle body frame at the corresponding position through the fastener 191 and the middle cover plate connecting bracket 1484.
  • the middle cover plate connecting bracket 1484 here is connected with the third mounting point 1483 of the middle cover plate at one end, and the other end is connected with the C-shaped groove 1041 of the car body frame.
  • the arch structure is arched in the middle, and the arch structure can better Cushions vibration.
  • each hood headlamp cover plate 145 includes a vertical side plate that is installed on the side of the vehicle body frame 104 after assembly and a front panel that is installed in front of the vehicle body frame 104 after assembly.
  • the vertical side panels of the hood headlight cover plate 145 are bent obliquely upward and in the middle of the front end to form the front panel of the hood headlight cover plate 145.
  • the shape and size of the opening match, and an extension end extends backward from the lower end of the front panel of the hood headlight cover plate 145 opposite to the vertical side of the hood headlight cover plate 145 .
  • the mounting points of the hood headlamp cover plate 145 are all arranged on the inner side thereof.
  • the upper rear end of the vertical side plate of the hood headlamp cover plate 145 is provided with a first mounting point 1451 of the headlamp cover plate; the lower front end of the vertical side plate of the hood headlamp cover plate 145 is provided with a second headlamp cover plate mounting point.
  • Mounting point 1452, the lower rear end of the vertical side panel of the hood headlamp cover plate 145 is provided with a sixth mounting point 1456 of the headlamp cover plate; the upper side of the front panel of the hood headlamp cover plate 145 is provided with a headlamp cover plate The third mounting point 1453; the front panel of the hood headlamp cover 145 is provided with a fourth mounting point 1454 of the headlamp cover on one side of the vertical side panel of the hood headlamp cover 145; the hood headlamp cover The extended end of the front panel of the plate 145 is provided with a fifth mounting point 1455 for the headlamp cover plate; each mounting point is provided with a headlamp cover plate connection code 1457 integrated with the headlamp cover plate 145 .
  • headlamp cover panel connection codes 1457 provided at the first mounting point 1451, the third mounting point 1453 and the fifth mounting point 1455 of the headlamp cover panel, both of which are bent plate structures.
  • the two front The bottom edges of the headlight cover plate connection codes 1457 are connected, the vertical edge of one of them is integrated on the inner surface of the headlight cover plate 145, and the vertical edge of the other headlight cover plate connection code 1457 is connected to the vehicle body frame through fasteners 191 104 is connected with the C-shaped groove located at the installation position.
  • the front panel of the hood headlight cover plate 145 is connected to the side of the hood middle cover plate 148 relative to the vertical side plate of the hood headlight cover plate 145, and is integrated into the fourth side of the headlight cover plate.
  • the stepped headlight cover plate connection code 1457 at the installation point 1454 is connected to the middle cover plate connection bracket 1484 provided at the second installation point 1482 of the middle cover plate.
  • the second mounting point 1452 of the headlight cover panel and the sixth mounting point 1456 of the headlamp cover panel are respectively connected to the vehicle body frame 104 through the headlamp cover panel connecting bracket 1458.
  • the headlight cover plate connecting bracket 1458 is a vertically arranged plate-like structure, with its upper and lower ends bent outward; the vertically arranged plate of the headlight cover plate connecting bracket 1458 has multiple holes. mounting holes arranged in a matrix. Multiple mounting holes arranged in a matrix can flexibly adjust the installation position during installation to achieve high adaptability.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method for installing the hood bottom deflector and the hood bottom side deflector: the bottom of the hood is provided with The hood bottom bracket 140 includes a symmetrically arranged longitudinal beam and a transverse beam connecting the longitudinal beams.
  • the rear end of the longitudinal beam is fixed on the bottom surface of the vehicle body frame 104 and extends forward.
  • the front end of the longitudinal beam is connected to The transverse beams are connected to form a " ⁇ "-shaped structure.
  • the hood bottom deflector 147 is connected to the transverse beam of the hood bottom bracket 140 through fasteners 191; the hood bottom deflector 147 is disposed below the hood middle cover plate 148 and has a cross-section of " ⁇ "
  • the upper end of the plate-like structure is directly fixed to the transverse beam of the hood bottom bracket 140 through fasteners, and the lower end is bent inward and vertically connected to the transverse beam of the hood bottom bracket 140 through fasteners 191.
  • Extended vertical brackets are connected. There is a gap between the bottom guide cover 147 of the hood and the middle cover plate 148 of the hood.
  • the hood bottom side deflector 146 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hood bottom deflector 147, and has two connection ends on the side and the front, and its side connection end is connected with the hood headlamp cover plate 145 and the hood side.
  • the lower end of the wall panel 144 is connected, and its front connection end is connected with the side of the hood bottom deflector 147; the front end inner surface of the hood bottom side deflector 146 is sequentially provided with the first side deflector from outside to inside.
  • the air deflector integrated bracket 1467 and the headlamp cover plate connecting bracket 1458 are connected to the headlamp cover plate 145; the fifth mounting point 1465 of the side deflector is connected to the C-shaped groove 1041 of the vehicle body frame set at the corresponding position; the side guide
  • the second installation point 1462 of the airflow hood, the third installation point 1463 of the side airflow hood, and the fourth installation point 1464 of the side airflow hood are respectively connected to the transverse beam of the hood bottom bracket 1401 through the side airflow hood connecting bracket 1468;
  • the sixth installation point 1466 of the airflow cover is connected to the C-shaped groove 1041 of the vehicle body frame provided at a corresponding position at the bottom of the vehicle body frame 104 through the side airflow cover connecting bracket 1468.
  • the hood side wall panels 144 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the head frame 104.
  • the side surfaces thereof are plate-like structures and are bent inward obliquely.
  • the rear ends of the hood side wall panels 144 are connected to the hood side top panel 142. ;
  • the upper side of the hood side wall panel 144 is connected with the side of the hood front top plate 143 and the windshield glass support plate 149;
  • the front end of the hood side wall panel 144 is connected with the hood headlight cover plate 145;
  • the lower side of the wall panel 144 is flush with the lower side of the hood headlight cover plate 145 and is partially connected to the hood bottom side air deflector 146 .
  • the fastener 191 adopts a T-bolt structure and fastens each cover plate of the hood by matching with the C-shaped grooves on the vehicle body frame or the hood top frame or the hood bottom frame.
  • the cross-sectional structure of the C-shaped groove is "C" shaped. Use the big head of the T-shaped bolt to buckle into the C-shaped groove.
  • the components to be installed are then fixed with T-shaped bolts.
  • the T-bolt can move in the C-shaped slot to adjust the position of the mounting component.
  • the C-shaped groove can be a C-shaped groove fixedly connected to the profile, or it can be integrally formed with the profile and integrated on the profile.
  • the specific form can be an exposed C-shaped groove that protrudes from the surface of the profile, or it can be hidden in the inner cavity of the profile. Only the open, built-in C-shaped groove is exposed.
  • the connection method of each cover plate can be adjusted according to the situation, such as using buckles, clamps, or any other form of detachable connection structure.
  • a fastener buckle cover 193 is provided at each cover plate connection point of the hood and at one end of the fastener exposed on the outer surface of the cover plate.
  • each cover plate mounting point of the hood, as well as the connection plate that serves as a connection transition are not limited to the shapes mentioned in the above embodiments, and their shapes and sizes can be adjusted according to different projects and actual needs. , these designs and adjustments are within the protection scope of the present invention and will not be described again.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a driver's cab applied to a rail vehicle, including the driver's cab hood as described above.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a rail vehicle, including a driver's cab as described above.
  • the driver's cab and rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present application have the same technical effect as the driver's cab hood.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense; taking connection as an example, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or it can be two The connection within an element or the interaction between two elements.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense; taking connection as an example, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or it can be two The connection within an element or the interaction between two elements.

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Abstract

一种司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆，其中司机室头罩包括：分体式设计的头罩中顶板（141）、头罩边顶板（142）、头罩前顶板（143）、头罩侧墙板（144）、头罩前照灯罩板（145）、头罩底部侧导流罩（146）、头罩底部导流罩（147）、头罩中部罩板（148）以及风挡玻璃支撑板（149），头罩的各组成罩板均设置于车体骨架（104）的外侧且均与车体骨架（104）可拆卸地连接，相邻的罩板相接。

Description

司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及轨道车辆技术领域，尤其涉及一种司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆。
背景技术
轨道车辆的司机室通常包括司机室头罩和车体，两者单独制造，然后装配成一体。头罩作为轨道车辆的重要组成部分之一，主要作用为通过开闭机构控制前端头罩实现打开与关闭的功能，当头罩打开时，轨道车辆可进行车钩重连、应急救援、设备检修等操作。当头罩关闭时，可以在运行中对前端车体和驾驶员提供保护。在现有技术中，司机室的头罩通常都是整体式结构，尤其是在一些高速轨道列车的应用场景中，为了保证较小的空气阻力，司机室头罩通常呈流线型，整体制作，通过支架，连接架等方式与车体骨架连接在一起。
轨道列车在高速运行过程中，容易受到砂砾、石块、鸟类等异物撞击，由于头罩位于列车最前端，受到的冲击与破坏尤为严重。当头罩受到严重破损无法使用时，为实现功能的快速修复就需要更换新罩，由于现有技术中头罩通常为整体式结构，即使是局部损坏，也要整体更换。头罩与车体通过紧固件连接，整体体积巨大，更换时需拆除车钩、排障器、开闭机构等大量车外设备，更换头罩后再逐项进行恢复，恢复后头罩需随整车一同进行油漆修补，整体更换过程耗时漫长且工艺复杂。
除此之外，随着轨道车辆技术的发展，轨道车辆的车型日益丰富，不同车型的头罩外形会有区别，由于现有技术中头罩是整体式结构，所以每换一个车型就需要重新设计头罩，重新开模，开发周期很长，成本巨大。
发明内容
本申请实施例中提供一种司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆。
根据本申请实施例的第一个方面，提供了一种司机室头罩，包括：
分体式设计的头罩中顶板、头罩边顶板、头罩前顶板、头罩侧墙板、头罩前照灯罩板、头罩底部侧导流罩、头罩底部导流罩、头罩中部罩板以及风挡玻璃支撑板，其中头罩的正面由后往前、上而下依次设置头罩中顶板、头朝前顶板、风挡玻璃支撑板、头罩中部罩板及头罩底部导流罩；头罩的两侧依次由后往前、由上而下依次设置头罩边顶板、头罩侧墙板、头罩前照灯罩板及头罩底部侧导流罩；头罩的各组成罩板均设置于所述车体骨架的外侧，相邻的罩板相接；头罩的各组成罩板均与车体骨架可拆卸地连接。
根据本申请实施例的第二个方面，提供了一种司机室，包括如上所述的司机室头罩。
根据本申请实施例的第三个方面，提供了一种轨道车辆，包括如上所述的司机室。
采用本申请实施例中提供的司机室头罩，可以对组成头罩的每一个罩板分别进行设计、加工后组装使用，当头罩在使用中发生损坏，可以仅将损坏部位的罩板进行更换，大大减少了维护成本；此外，当车型发生改变，司机室尺寸发生变化时，可以保留适用的罩板，仅对不适用的罩板进行设计开发和更换，可以提高头罩在不同项目中的通用性，降低新产品开发时的模具数量，降低开发、制造周期及成本。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的司机室头罩组合后结构示意图；
图2为风挡玻璃支撑板安装位置示意图；
图3为风挡玻璃支撑板安装点位置示意图；
图4为风挡玻璃支撑板底部安装点结构示意图；
图5为风挡玻璃支撑板顶部安装点结构示意图；
图6为风挡玻璃支撑板两侧安装点结构示意图；
图7为头罩前照灯罩板安装位置示意图(其中一侧)；
图8为头罩前照灯罩板的安装点位置示意图；
图9为前照灯罩板第一安装点结构示意图(局部放大)；
图10为前照灯罩板第一安装点在车体骨架上的安装位置示意图；
图11为前照灯罩板第二安装点的结构示意图(从外向内观察)；
图12为前照灯罩板第二安装点的结构示意图(从内向外观察)；
图13为前照灯罩板第三安装点的结构示意图；
图14为前照灯罩板第四安装点的结构示意图(从外向内观察)；
图15为前照灯罩板第四安装点的结构示意图(从内向外观察)；
图16为前照灯罩板第五安装点的结构示意图(从上向下观察)；
图17为前照灯罩板第五安装点的结构示意图(从下向上观察)；
图18为前照灯罩板第六安装点的结构示意图；
图19为头罩中部罩板的安装点位置示意图；
图20为中部罩板第一安装点的结构示意图(从外向内观察)；
图21为中部罩板第一安装点的结构示意图(从内向外观察)；
图22为中部罩板第二安装点的结构示意图；
图23为中部罩板第三安装点的结构示意图(从下向上观察)；
图24为中部罩板第三安装点的结构示意图(从上向下观察)；
图25为头罩底部侧导流罩的安装点位置示意图；
图26为侧导流罩第一安装点的结构示意图(从外向内观察)；
图27为侧导流罩第一安装点的结构示意图(从内向外观察)；
图28为头罩底部支架的结构示意图(从上向下观察)；
图29为头罩底部支架的结构示意图(从下往上观察)；
图30为侧导流罩第二安装点的结构示意图；
图31为侧导流罩第三及第四安装点的结构示意图；
图32为侧导流罩第五安装点的结构示意图(从内向外观察)；
图33为侧导流罩第一安装点的结构示意图(从外向内观察)；
图34为侧导流罩第六安装点的结构示意图；
图35为头罩底部导流罩的安装结构示意图；
图36为头罩前顶板的安装点位置示意图；
图37为头罩前顶板第一安装点的结构示意图；
图38为头罩顶部骨架结构示意图；
图39为头罩前顶板第二安装点的结构示意图；
图40为头罩中顶板的安装点位置示意图；
图41为头罩中顶板的安装点结构示意图；
图42为头罩边顶板的安装点位置示意图；
图43为头罩边顶板的上侧安装点的结构示意图；
图44为头罩边顶板的下侧安装点的结构示意图。
附图标记：
104-车体骨架；1041-车体骨架C形槽；
1401-头罩底部支架；1402-头罩顶部骨架；
141-头罩中顶板；1411-中顶板安装点；
142-头罩边顶板；1421-边顶板安装点；
143-头罩前顶板；1431-前顶板第一安装点；1432-前顶板第二安装点；1433-前顶板连接码；1434-前顶板连接支架；
144-头罩侧墙板；
145-头罩前照灯罩板；1451-前照灯罩板第一安装点；1452-前照灯罩板第二安装点；1453-前照灯罩板第三安装点；1454-前照灯罩板第四安装点；1455-前照灯罩板第五安装点；1456-前照灯罩板第六安装点；1457-前照灯罩板连接码；1458-前照灯罩板连接支架；
146-头罩底部侧导流罩；1461-侧导流罩第一安装点；1462-侧导流罩第二安装点；1463-侧导流罩第三安装点；1464-侧导流罩第四安装点；1465-侧导流罩第五安装点；1466-侧导流罩第六安装点；1467-侧导流罩集成支架；1468-侧导流罩连接支架；
147-头罩底部导流罩；
148-头罩中部罩板；1481-中部罩板第一安装点；1482-中部罩板第二安装点；1483-中部罩板第三安装点；1484-中部罩板连接支架；
149-风挡玻璃支撑板；1491-风挡支撑板顶部安装点；1492-风挡支撑板底部安装点；1493-风挡支撑板两侧安装点；1494-风挡连接板；1495-风挡连接支架；
191-紧固件；192-密封胶；193-紧固件扣盖。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本申请的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在实现本申请的过程中，发明人发现在轨道车辆领域，现有技术中的司机室头罩为整体式结构，当使用过程中头罩受到严重破损无法使用时，为实现功能的快速修复就需要整体更换新罩。头罩与车体通过紧固件连接，整体体积巨大，更换时需拆除车钩、排障器、开闭机构等大量车外设备，更换头罩后再逐项进行恢复，恢复后头罩需随整车一同进行油漆修补，整体更换过程耗时漫长且工艺复杂。
除此之外，随着轨道车辆技术的发展，轨道车辆的车型日益丰富，不同车型的头罩外形会有区别，由于现有技术中头罩是整体式结构，所以每换一个车型就需要重新设计头罩，重新开模，开发周期很长，成本巨大。
针对上述问题，本申请实施例中提供了一种司机室头罩，本实施例以应用在轨道车辆上为例对司机室头罩的实现方式做具体说明，如图1-44所示，本申请实施例中，将轨道车辆的车长方向称为纵向，车宽方向称为横向，车高方向称为竖向，朝向轨道车辆运行方向的方向称为前，朝向轨道车辆运行相反方向的方向称为后，朝向司机室外部的方向称为向外，朝向司机室内部的方向称为朝内。
如图1及图2所示，本申请实施例提供的司机室头罩设置于车体骨架的外侧。车体骨架104作为车体的前端主要承载结构，用于安装司机室主要构件，车体骨架104的后端与车体相连接，前方开有视窗窗口。
司机室头罩包括分体式设计的头罩中顶板141、头罩边顶板142、头罩前顶板143、头罩侧墙板144、头罩前照灯罩板145、头罩底部侧导流罩146、头罩底部导流罩147、头罩中部罩板148以及风挡玻璃支撑板149，其中头罩的正面由后往前、上而下依次设置头罩中顶板141、头朝前顶板143、风挡玻璃支撑板149、头罩中部罩板148及头罩底部导流罩147；头罩的两侧依次由后往前、由上而下依次对称设置头罩边顶板142、头罩侧墙板144、头罩前照灯罩板145及头罩底部侧导流罩146；头罩的各组成罩板均设置于车体骨架的外侧，相邻的罩板相接或可拆卸地相互连接；头罩的各组成罩板均与车体骨架可拆卸地连接。
具体而言，头罩是由各组成罩板拼接围合而成的流线型罩体，流线型的整体罩体设计，可以使列车在高速运行时减少司机室所遇到的空气阻力。在头罩被损坏后，可以仅更坏损坏部分的罩板，而不再需要整体更换，有效缩短了更换周期，节约了时间成本和经济成本。
此外，组成头罩的多块罩板可以分别进行加工。一些较为规则的罩板，如 头罩中顶板141、头罩边顶板142、头罩前顶板143、头罩中部罩板148、头罩侧墙板144、头罩底部导流罩147等等可以采用型材加工而成，仅有不规则的罩板如头罩前照灯罩板145、头罩底部侧导流罩146等需要开模，减少了开模的设计量和数量。
最后，当为了适应实际需求而对司机室的尺寸及形状做变更时，可以仅更换部分罩板，而不需要对整体罩板进行重新设计开模，有效缩短了开发周期，节约了时间成本和研发成本，可以将新产品迅速推向市场。在新项目研发中心具体用到的其中几种更换方案如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2022137861-appb-000001
更进一步的，车体骨架104的顶部设有头罩顶部骨架1402，如图38及图40所示，头罩顶部骨架1420包括：
顶部骨架支撑架，顶部骨架支撑架有多个，分别设置在头罩中顶板141、头罩边顶板142及头罩前顶板143的安装位置，用于支撑及固定头罩中顶板141、头罩边顶板142及头罩前顶板143，头罩顶部骨架的顶端向上或斜向上伸出，顶部骨架支撑架的下端与车体骨架104相连接，顶部骨架支撑架的顶端和中间部位均设有C形槽；
顶部骨架拱形架，设置在头罩前顶板143的安装位置，顶部骨架拱形架的两端均固定在车体骨架104上，中间部分为拱桥式凸起，顶部骨架拱形架上也 设有C形槽。
头罩顶部骨架1402是为了便于安装头罩顶部罩板而进行的设计，有了头罩顶部骨架的支撑，头罩顶部的各罩板如头罩中顶板141、头罩边顶板142及头罩前顶板143与车体骨架104的顶部之间会存在一个空间，可以用来安装一些设备或者布线。此外，由于车体骨架104通常是型材制成，结构较为方正，而流线型的头罩整体外形则要求各罩板均需要对应其安装位置所需要的曲面结构，头罩顶部骨架更适用于安装具有曲面结构的罩板。
如图40及41所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种头罩中顶板141安装的具体实现方式：头罩中顶板141为在横向方向上具有弧度的板面结构，其设置在车体骨架104的上方中间位置。头罩中顶板141的后端(即在纵向方向上靠近车身的一端)在整车安装时与车体的中顶板相接(相接，可以是相互连接也可以是仅仅两相邻构件的边缘靠近或接触，下面表述中出现类似表述含义相同)。
在头罩中顶板141的安装位置，车体骨架104的顶部两侧对称各固定一列顶部骨架支撑架，在每一列中的顶部骨架支撑架可以等距离排列，也可以根据需要设定间距。头罩中顶板141的周边设有中顶板安装点1411，头罩中顶板141两侧边的中顶板安装点1411通过紧固件191与中顶板安装点1411对应位置的顶部骨架支撑架上的C形槽可拆卸地连接。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图42-44所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种头罩边顶板142安装的具体实现方式：头罩边顶板142有两个，对称设置在上述头罩中顶板141两侧，头罩边顶板142在横向方向也具有曲面，其上侧侧边与头罩中顶板141的侧边相接，下侧侧边固定在车体骨架104的顶部边缘，由于头罩中顶板141的侧边是固定在顶部骨架支撑架的顶端的，与车体骨架104的顶部具有高度差，所以安装好的头罩边顶板142呈一个由上到下的曲面，与头罩中顶板141拼成一个拱形结构。
头罩边顶板142的两侧设有边顶板安装点1421，头罩边顶板142上侧的边顶板安装点1421通过紧固件191与位于头罩中顶板141两侧的顶部骨架支撑 架中间部位的C形槽可拆卸地连接，头罩边顶板142下侧的边顶板安装点1421通过紧固件191与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽1041可拆卸地连接。需要强调的是，本申请实施例中提及的“中间部位”，如果没有特别强调，都不是特指正中间的位置，而是位于某构件两侧或两端之间的任意合适位置。
头罩边顶板142的侧边，在整车组装后与车体的边顶板相接。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图36-40所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种头罩前顶板143安装的具体实现方式：在车体骨架104的视窗窗口的上方，从视窗窗口上端到头罩中顶板141的前端空间为头罩前顶板143的安装位置，在头罩前顶板143安装位置的两侧，对称纵向设置顶部骨架拱形架，两个顶部骨架拱形架在横向上的中间位置一前一后各设置一个顶部骨架支撑架。
头罩前顶板143的后端与头罩中顶板141的前端相接，其中头罩前顶板143前端设有前顶板第二安装点1432，头罩前顶板143后端设有前顶板第一安装点1431，前顶板第一安装点1431及前顶板第二安装点1432均集成了前顶板连接码1433；前顶板第一安装点1431通过紧固件191将前顶板连接码1433通过前顶板连接支架1434与设置在车体骨架104上对应位置的C形槽相连接；前顶板第二安装点通过紧固件191将前顶板连接码1433通过前顶板连接支架1434与设置在头罩顶部骨架1402上对应位置的C形槽相连接。
头罩前顶板143的位置为头罩从与车体连接处向前方罩板过渡的位置，在安装好后为后端高(与头罩中顶板相接)、前端低的过渡曲面板，为头罩的整体流线型形状的一部分。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图2-6所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种风挡玻璃支撑板149安装的具体实现方式：风挡玻璃支撑板149为适配视窗窗口的框架形结构，设于车体骨架104上开设的视窗窗口处，其上端与头罩前顶板143相接；风挡玻璃支撑板149的周边均设有安装点；其中位于风挡玻璃支撑板149顶部的风挡支撑板顶部安装点1491和位于风挡玻璃支撑板149底部的风挡支撑板底部安装点1492通过风挡连接板1494及紧固件191与对应位置的 车体骨架C形槽1041相连接；位于风挡玻璃支撑板149内表面两侧的风挡支撑板两侧安装点1493处集成了风挡连接支架1495，风挡连接支架1495通过风挡连接板1494及紧固件191与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽1041相连接。其中位于风挡支撑板底部安装点1492处的风挡连接板1494为水平直板结构，位于风挡支撑板顶部安装点1491处的风挡连接板1494为适应车体骨架104顶部向前面部弯折下来结构的弯折板，风挡连接支架1495为开口处集成在风挡支撑板两侧安装点1493处的U形结构，位于风挡支撑板两侧安装点1493处的风挡连接板1494为90°弯折板结构。
进一步的，风挡玻璃支撑板149与车体骨架104接触面之间通过密封胶192进一步紧固。采用密封胶进一步密封可以防止高速运行过程中迎面而来的气流从缝隙中进入司机室。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图19-25所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种头罩中部罩板148安装的具体实现方式：头罩中部罩板148设置于车体骨架104的视窗窗口下侧，其顶端与风挡玻璃支撑板149的下端相接，其底端向车体骨架104内部方向弯折；头罩中部罩板148的周边设有安装点。
位于头罩中部罩板148顶端的中部罩板第一安装点1481通过紧固件191及中部罩板连接支架1484与风挡玻璃支撑板149上对应位置设置的风挡连接支架1495相连接。此处的中部罩板连接支架1484为开口处集成在中部罩板第一安装点1481处的U形结构，风挡连接支架1495为适配头罩中部罩板148和风挡玻璃支撑板149连接面高度差的阶梯形结构。
位于头罩中部罩板148两侧的中部罩板第二安装点1482通过紧固件191及中部罩板连接支架1484与头罩前照灯罩板145上对应位置的前照灯罩板连接码1457相连接；此处的中部罩板连接支架1484为开口处集成在中部罩板第二安装点1482处的U形结构，前照灯罩板连接码1457为适配头罩中部罩板148和头罩前照灯罩板145的连接翻边的阶梯形结构。
位于头罩中部罩板148向内弯折的底端的中部罩板第三安装点1483通过 紧固件191及中部罩板连接支架1484与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽1041相连接。此处的中部罩板连接支架1484为一端与中部罩板第三安装点1483连接，另一端与车体骨架C形槽1041相连接，中间拱起的拱形结构，拱形结构可以更好地缓冲振动。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图7-18所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种头罩前照灯罩板145安装的具体实现方式：头罩前照灯罩板145有两个，对称设置在头罩中部罩板148的两侧，每个头罩前照灯罩板145都包括组装后设置于车体骨架104侧面的竖向侧板和组装后设置于车体骨架104前面的前面板，其中头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧板在其斜上方向前端中间弯折形成头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板，头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板上开有与车灯形状尺寸相匹配的开孔，头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板上与头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧边相对的一侧下端向后延伸出一延伸端。
如图8所示，头罩前照灯罩板145的安装点均设置于其内侧面。其中头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧板后端上部设有前照灯罩板第一安装点1451；头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧板下部前端设有前照灯罩板第二安装点1452，头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧板下部后端设有前照灯罩板第六安装点1456；头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板的上侧设有前照灯罩板第三安装点1453；头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板相对于头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧板的一侧设有前照灯罩板第四安装点1454；头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板的延伸端处设有前照灯罩板第五安装点1455；各安装点处均有与头罩前照灯罩板145集成的前照灯罩板连接码1457。
其中，设置于前照灯罩板第一安装点1451、第三安装点1453及第五安装点1455处的前照灯罩板连接码1457均有两个，都为弯折板状结构，两个前照灯罩板连接码1457的底边相接，其中一个的竖边集成在前照灯罩板145的内表面上，另一个前照灯罩板连接码1457的竖边通过紧固件191与车体骨架104与设在安装位置的C形槽连接。
头罩前照灯罩板145的前面板相对于头罩前照灯罩板145的竖向侧板的一侧与头罩中部罩板148的侧边相接，并且通过集成在前照灯罩板第四安装点1454处的阶梯状前照灯罩板连接码1457与设置在中部罩板第二安装点1482处的中部罩板连接支架1484相连接。
前照灯罩板第二安装点1452、前照灯罩板第六安装点1456分别通过前照灯罩板连接支架1458与车体骨架104相连接。
在某些具体实施例中，前照灯罩板连接支架1458为竖向设置的板状结构，其上下两端向外弯折；前照灯罩板连接支架1458竖向设置的板面上开有多个呈矩阵排列的安装孔。矩阵排列的多个安装孔可以在安装时灵活调整安装位置，以达到高适配性的效果。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图25-35所示，本申请实施例中提供了一种头罩底部导流罩及头罩底部侧导流罩的安装具体实现方式：头罩底部设有头罩底部支架140，头罩底部支架140包括对称设置的纵向梁与连接纵向梁的横向梁，纵向梁的后端固定在车体骨架104的底面上并且向前伸出，纵向梁的前端与横向梁相连接构成“Π”型结构。
进一步的，头罩底部导流罩147通过紧固件191与头罩底部支架140的横向梁相连接；头罩底部导流罩147设置于头罩中部罩板148下方，是截面为“∠”形状的板状结构，其上端直接通过紧固件固定在头罩底部支架140的横向梁上，其下端向内弯折且通过紧固件191与头罩底部支架140的横向梁上向下垂直伸出的竖向支架相连接。头罩底部导流罩147与头罩中部罩板148存在间隔，列车在地面有水的情况下高速运行时，司机室前端底部激起的水会沿头罩底部导流147的斜面进入头罩底部导流罩147与头罩中部罩板148之间的间隔，在车体骨架的作用下回落底面，不会直接溅冲到风挡玻璃上影响司机视线。
进一步的，头罩底部侧导流板146对称设置于头罩底部导流罩147的两侧，有侧面和前面两个连接端，其侧面连接端与头罩前照灯罩板145及头罩侧 墙板144的下端相接，其前面连接端与头罩底部导流罩147的侧边相接；头罩底部侧导流板146的前端内面由外而内依次设有侧导流罩第一安装点1461、侧导流罩第二安装点1462、侧导流罩第三安装点1463；头罩底部侧导流板146的后端内侧面由外而内依次设有侧导流罩第五安装点1465及侧导流罩第六安装点1466；头罩底部侧导流板146的各安装点处都集成有侧导流罩集成支架1467；其中侧导流罩第一安装点1461通过侧导流罩集成支架1467及前照灯罩板连接支架1458与前照灯罩板145相连接；侧导流罩第五安装点1465与设置在对应位置的车体骨架C形槽1041相连接；侧导流罩第二安装点1462、侧导流罩第三安装点1463、侧导流罩第四安装点1464分别通过侧导流罩连接支架1468与头罩底部支架1401的横向梁相连接；侧导流罩第六安装点1466通过侧导流罩连接支架1468与设置在车体骨架104底部对应位置的车体骨架C形槽1041相连接。
进一步的，头罩侧墙板144对称设置于头部骨架104的两侧，其侧面为板状结构，斜上方向内弯曲，头罩侧墙板144的后端与头罩边顶板142相接；头罩侧墙板144的上侧与头罩前顶板143及风挡玻璃支撑板149的侧边相接；头罩侧墙板144的前端与头罩前照灯罩板145相接；头罩侧墙板144的下侧与头罩前照灯罩板145的侧面下侧相平齐且部分与头罩底部侧导流罩146相接。
在上述实施例中，紧固件191采用了T型螺栓结构，通过与车体骨架或者头罩顶部骨架、头罩底部骨架上的C型槽相配合的方式紧固头罩各罩板。C型槽的截面结构为“C”形，用T型螺栓的大头扣入C型槽中，要安装的构件再用T型螺栓固定。T型螺栓可以在C型槽中移动，从而起到对安装构件位置调节的作用。C型槽可以是与型材固定连接的C型槽，也可使是与型材一体成型集成在型材上，具体形式可以是突出型材表面的外露式C型槽，也可以是隐藏在型材内腔，仅露出开口的内藏式C形槽。除了螺栓结构之外，但是实际应用中，各罩板的连接方式可以根据情况作出调整，如采用卡扣、卡箍等任一种形式的可拆卸连接结构均可。为了保证车头外观的完整性、美观、以及保护紧固 件，在头罩的各罩板连接点，紧固件暴露在罩板外表面的一端均设置了紧固件扣盖193。
在头罩的各罩板安装点上集成的安装码，以及起到连接过渡作用的连接板，不限于上述实施例中所提及的形状，其形状、尺寸可以根据项目不同以及实际需要进行调整，这些设计和调整均在本发明的保护范围之内，不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种应用于轨道车辆的司机室，包括如上所述的司机室头罩。
本申请实施例还提供了一种轨道车辆，包括如上所述的司机室。
本申请实施例提供的司机室及轨道车辆，与司机室头罩具有相同的技术效果。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“前”、“后”、“首”、“尾”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”等术语应做广义理解；以连接为例，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
尽管已描述了本申请一些可选的实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括一些可选的实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和 修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种司机室头罩，其特征在于，包括：
    分体式设计的头罩中顶板(141)、头罩边顶板(142)、头罩前顶板(143)、头罩侧墙板(144)、头罩前照灯罩板(145)、头罩底部侧导流罩(146)、头罩底部导流罩(147)、头罩中部罩板(148)以及风挡玻璃支撑板(149)，其中头罩的正面由后往前、上而下依次设置头罩中顶板(141)、头朝前顶板(143)、风挡玻璃支撑板(149)、头罩中部罩板(148)及头罩底部导流罩(147)；头罩的两侧依次由后往前、由上而下依次设置头罩边顶板(142)、头罩侧墙板(144)、头罩前照灯罩板(145)及头罩底部侧导流罩(146)；头罩的各组成罩板均设置于所述车体骨架的外侧，相邻的罩板相接；头罩的各组成罩板均与车体骨架可拆卸地连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述车体骨架(104)的顶部设有头罩顶部骨架(1402)，头罩顶部骨架(1420)包括：
    顶部骨架支撑架，顶部骨架支撑架有多个，分别设置在所述头罩中顶板(141)、头罩边顶板(142)及头罩前顶板(143)的安装位置，用于支撑及固定头罩中顶板(141)、头罩边顶板(142)及头罩前顶板(143)，头罩顶部骨架的顶端向上或斜向上伸出，顶部骨架支撑架的下端与所述车体骨架(104)相连接，顶部骨架支撑架的顶端和中间部位均设有C形槽；
    顶部骨架拱形架，设置在所述头罩前顶板(143)的安装位置，顶部骨架拱形架的两端均固定在所述车体骨架(104)上，中间部分为拱桥式凸起，顶部骨架拱形架上也设有C形槽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩中顶板(141)设置在所述车体骨架(104)的上方中间位置，头罩中顶板(141)的周边设有中顶板安装点(1411)，头罩中顶板(141)两侧边的中顶板安装点(1411)通过紧固件(191)与中顶板安装点(1411)对应位置的顶部骨架支撑架上的C形槽可拆卸地连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩边顶板(142)对称设置在头罩中顶板(141)两侧且其上侧侧边与所述头罩中顶板(141)的侧边相接；头罩边顶板(142)的两侧设有边顶板安装点(1421)，头罩边顶板(142)上侧的边顶板安装点(1421)通过紧固件(191)与位于所述头罩中顶板(141)两侧的顶部骨架支撑架中间部位的C形槽可拆卸地连接，头罩边顶板(142)下侧的边顶板安装点(1421)通过紧固件(191)与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽(1041)可拆卸地连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：在所述车体骨架(104)的视窗窗口的上方，头罩前顶板(143)安装位置的两侧，对称纵向设置所述顶部骨架拱形架，顶部骨架拱形架在横向上的中间设置所述顶部骨架支撑架；头罩前顶板(143)的后端与所述头罩中顶板(141)的前端相接，其中头罩前顶板(143)前端设有前顶板第二安装点(1432)，头罩前顶板(143)后端设有前顶板第一安装点(1431)，前顶板第一安装点(1431)及前顶板第二安装点(1432)集成了前顶板连接码(1433)；所述前顶板连接码(1433)通过前顶板连接支架(1434)与所述车体骨架104或头罩顶部骨架对应位置的C形槽相连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述风挡玻璃支撑板(149)为适配视窗窗口的框架形结构，设于车体骨架(104)上开设的视窗窗口处，其上端与所述头罩前顶板(143)相接；风挡玻璃支撑板(149)的周边均设有安装点；其中位于风挡玻璃支撑板(149)顶部的风挡支撑板顶部安装点(1491)和位于风挡玻璃支撑板(149)底部的风挡支撑板底部安装点(1492)通过风挡连接板(1494)及紧固件(191)与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽(1041)相连接；位于风挡玻璃支撑板(149)内表面两侧的风挡支撑板两侧安装点(1493)处集成了风挡连接支架(1495)，风挡连接支架通过风挡连接板(1494)及紧固件(191)与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽(1041)相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述风挡玻璃支撑 板(149)与所述车体骨架(104)接触面之间通过密封胶(192)进一步紧固。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩中部罩板(148)设置于所述车体骨架(104)的视窗窗口下侧，其顶端与所述风挡玻璃支撑板(149)的下端相接，其底端向所述车体骨架(104)内部方向弯折；头罩中部罩板(148)的周边设有安装点；位于头罩中部罩板(148)顶端的中部罩板第一安装点(1481)通过紧固件(191)及中部罩板连接支架(1484)与所述风挡玻璃支撑板(149)上对应位置设置的风挡连接支架(1495)相连接；位于头罩中部罩板(148)两侧的中部罩板第二安装点(1482)通过紧固件(191)及中部罩板连接支架(1484)与所述头罩前照灯罩板(145)相连接；位于头罩中部罩板(148)向内弯折的底端的中部罩板第三安装点(1483)通过紧固件(191)及中部罩板连接支架(1484)与对应位置的车体骨架C形槽(1041)相连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩前照灯罩板(145)对称设置在所述头罩中部罩板(148)的两侧，头罩前照灯罩板(145)的竖向侧板在其斜上方向前端中间弯折形成头罩前照灯罩板(145)的前面板，头罩前照灯罩板(145)的前面板上开有与车灯形状尺寸相匹配的开孔，头罩前照灯罩板(145)的前面板上与头罩前照灯罩板(145)的竖向侧边相对的一侧下端向后延伸出一延伸端；头罩前照灯罩板(145)的竖向侧板后端上部设有前照灯罩板第一安装点(1451)；头罩前照灯罩板(145)的竖向侧板下部前端设有前照灯罩板第二安装点(1452)，头罩前照灯罩板(145)的竖向侧板下部后端设有前照灯罩板第六安装点(1456)；头罩前照灯罩板(145)的前面板的上侧设有前照灯罩板第三安装点(1453)；头罩前照灯罩板(145)的前面板相对于头罩前照灯罩板(145)的竖向侧板的一侧设有前照灯罩板第四安装点(1454)；头罩前照灯罩板(145)的前面板的延伸端处设有前照灯罩板第五安装点(1455)；各安装点处均有与头罩前照灯罩板(145)集成的前照灯罩板连接码(1457)，其中，前照灯罩板第一安装点(1451)、前照灯罩板第三安装点 (1453)、前照灯罩板第四安装点(1454)、前照灯罩板第五安装点(1455)分别通过紧固件(191)与所述车体骨架(104)上预设在安装位置的C形槽相连接；前照灯罩板第二安装点(1452)、前照灯罩板第六安装点(1456)分别通过前照灯罩板连接支架(1458)与所述车体骨架(104)相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述前照灯罩板连接支架(1458)为竖向设置的板状结构，其上下两端向外弯折；前照灯罩板连接支架(1458)竖向设置的板面上开有多个呈矩阵排列的安装孔。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩底部设有头罩底部支架(140)，头罩底部支架(140)包括对称设置的纵向梁与连接纵向梁的横向梁，纵向梁的后端固定在所述车体骨架(104)的底面上并且向前伸出，纵向梁的前端与横向梁相连接构成“Π”型结构。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩底部导流罩(147)通过紧固件(191)与头罩底部支架(140)的横向梁相连接；头罩底部导流罩(147)设置于所述头罩中部罩板(148)下方，且与头罩中部罩板(148)存在间隔。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的司机室头罩，其特征在于：所述头罩底部侧导流板(146)对称设置于头罩底部导流罩(147)的两侧，有侧面和前面两个连接端，其侧面连接端与所述头罩前照灯罩板(145)及头罩侧墙板(144)的下端相接，其前面连接端与所述头罩底部导流罩(147)的侧边相接；头罩底部侧导流板(146)的前端内面由外而内依次设有侧导流罩第一安装点(1461)、侧导流罩第二安装点(1462)、侧导流罩第三安装点(1463)；头罩底部侧导流板(146)的后端内侧面由外而内依次设有侧导流罩第五安装点(1465)及侧导流罩第六安装点(1466)；头罩底部侧导流板(146)的各安装点处都集成有侧导流罩集成支架(1467)；其中侧导流罩第一安装点(1461)通过侧导流罩集成支架(1467)及前照灯罩板连接支架(1458)与所述前照灯罩板(145)相连接；侧导流罩第五安装点(1465)与设置在对应位置的车体骨架C形槽 (1041)相连接；侧导流罩第二安装点(1462)、侧导流罩第三安装点(1463)、侧导流罩第四安装点(1464)分别通过侧导流罩连接支架(1468)与所述头罩底部支架(1401)的横向梁相连接；侧导流罩第六安装点(1466)通过侧导流罩连接支架(1468)与设置在车体骨架(104)底部对应位置的车体骨架C形槽(1041)相连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的司机室头罩：其特征在于：所述头罩侧墙板(144)对称设置于所述头部骨架(104)的两侧，其侧面为板状结构，斜上方向内弯曲，头罩侧墙板(144)的后端与所述头罩边顶板(142)相接；头罩侧墙板(144)的上侧与所述头罩前顶板(143)及所述风挡玻璃支撑板(149)的侧边相接；头罩侧墙板(144)的前端与所述头罩前照灯罩板(145)相接；头罩侧墙板(144)的下侧与所述头罩前照灯罩板(145)的侧面下侧相平齐且部分与所述头罩底部侧导流罩(146)相接。
  15. 一种司机室，其特征在于：所述司机室应用于轨道车辆，包括权利要求1-14任一项所述的司机室头罩及车体骨架(104)；所述车体骨架作为车体的前端主要承载结构，车体骨架(104)的后端与车体相连接，前方开有视窗窗口。
  16. 一种轨道车辆，其特征在于：包括权利要求15所述的司机室。
PCT/CN2022/137861 2022-08-22 2022-12-09 司机室头罩、司机室及轨道车辆 WO2024040798A1 (zh)

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