WO2024027258A1 - 天线结构及电子设备 - Google Patents

天线结构及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024027258A1
WO2024027258A1 PCT/CN2023/093185 CN2023093185W WO2024027258A1 WO 2024027258 A1 WO2024027258 A1 WO 2024027258A1 CN 2023093185 W CN2023093185 W CN 2023093185W WO 2024027258 A1 WO2024027258 A1 WO 2024027258A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
radiating branch
radiating
antenna structure
electronic device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/093185
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2024027258A9 (zh
Inventor
秦昌
梁铁柱
冯超
陈冠男
郝一杭
Original Assignee
荣耀终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Priority to CN202380013975.5A priority Critical patent/CN118104072A/zh
Publication of WO2024027258A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024027258A1/zh
Publication of WO2024027258A9 publication Critical patent/WO2024027258A9/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to an antenna structure and an electronic device having the antenna structure.
  • This application provides an antenna structure and electronic equipment, which can effectively improve antenna performance.
  • an antenna structure in a first aspect, includes a first radiating branch, a second radiating branch and a first feed.
  • the first radiating branch includes two ground points and a first feed point.
  • the first feed point is located between the two ground points.
  • the two ground points are used for grounding, wherein the The first radiating branch is spaced apart from the ground connecting the two ground points to form a slot, and the first radiating branch constitutes a slot antenna.
  • the first feed source is electrically connected to a first feed point of the first radiating branch, and is used to provide a first feed signal to the first radiating branch through the first feeding point, and through the first feeding point
  • the slot couples and loads the first feed signal to the second radiating branch, so that the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the first frequency band. Therefore, since the first radiating branch constitutes a slot antenna, the excitation current generated after the first feed source provides the first feed signal to the first radiating branch will connect with the two contacts at the first radiating branch. Therefore, the impact of the user's holding on the excitation current is small, thereby allowing the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch to be disposed on the electronic device that is often held by the user.
  • the space of the electronic device can be fully utilized so that the size of the first radiating branch meets the performance requirements.
  • the frequency of the first frequency band can also be effectively broadened. Width.
  • the resonant frequency at which the first radiating branch operates under the excitation of the first feed signal is the first resonant frequency
  • the second radiating branch operates under the excitation of the first feed signal.
  • the resonant frequency operated under excitation is a second resonant frequency
  • the second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency
  • the first frequency range includes a frequency range from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency.
  • the two radiating branches carry out resonance respectively, and since the second radiating branch is coupled and fed, the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency are relatively close, and the first resonant frequency Frequencies near the frequency and the second resonant frequency and between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency are frequencies with larger resonant energy, and have better radio frequency transceiver performance. Therefore, the antenna structure of the present application can well support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the first frequency band including the frequency range from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency, effectively broadening the bandwidth.
  • the two ground points include a first ground point and a second ground point, the first ground point is provided at the first end of the first radiating branch, and the second ground point is provided at the second end of the first radiating branch, the first end is the end away from the second radiating branch, the second end is the end adjacent to the second radiating branch, and the antenna structure further It includes a first matching circuit, the first grounding point is directly grounded, and the second grounding point is grounded through the first matching circuit. Therefore, the second grounding point is grounded through the first matching circuit, so that the operating frequency of the slot antenna formed by the first radiating branch can be matched and adjusted, and the resonant frequency of the first radiating branch can be made more precise. Accurately adjust to the first resonant frequency.
  • the first matching circuit includes a matching inductor. Therefore, further tuning matching is achieved through the inductance element, which can effectively ensure that the first radiation branch resonates at the first resonant frequency.
  • the antenna structure further includes a second matching circuit
  • the first feed source is electrically connected to the feed point of the first radiating branch through the second matching circuit. Therefore, by matching and adjusting the feed signal of the first feed source through the second matching circuit, the resonant frequency of the first radiating branch can be further adjusted to the first resonant frequency more accurately.
  • the second matching circuit includes a plurality of matching elements, and the plurality of matching elements include at least one of an inductor and a capacitor. Therefore, more precise and detailed adjustment can be achieved through a matching network composed of multiple matching elements.
  • the second radiating branch includes a second feed point
  • the antenna structure further includes a second feed source and a third matching circuit
  • the second feed source passes through the third matching circuit.
  • the second radiation branch can not only be used to excite the first feed signal to operate at the second resonant frequency and nearby frequencies in the first frequency band, but also support electromagnetic wave signals of partial frequencies in the first frequency band.
  • Transceiver can also work in the second frequency band under the stimulation of the second feed signal to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the second frequency band, effectively increasing the frequency band of the multi-antenna structure and further broadening the bandwidth.
  • the antenna structure further includes a switch, the switch is connected between the third matching circuit and the second feed point, and the switch is used to operate the antenna structure when the Disconnected during the first frequency band. Therefore, the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band can be effectively guaranteed and interference from the second frequency band can be avoided.
  • the third matching circuit includes a plurality of matching elements and at least one matching switch. At least one of the plurality of matching elements is connected in series with a matching switch.
  • the matching switch is used to connect the antenna to the antenna.
  • the length of the second radiation branch is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, when the second radiating branch is electrically connected to the second feed source, the length of the second radiating branch is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency can simultaneously achieve resonance at the second resonant frequency and can also operate in the second frequency band under the excitation of the second feed signal of the second feed source.
  • the second radiating branch includes a third grounding point, the third grounding point is used for grounding, and the second radiating branch is located between the third grounding point and the gap.
  • the length of the intermediate part is 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, at this time, as long as the length of the part of the second radiation branch between the third ground point and the gap is 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency, therefore, the length can be effectively shortened.
  • the length of the second radiating branches saves space.
  • the first frequency band is the GPS L5 frequency band. Since the size of the antenna required for the GPS L5 frequency band is relatively large, the antenna structure that implements the GPS L5 frequency band is placed on the part of the electronic device that is often held by the user, so as to meet the antenna size requirements required for the GPS L5 frequency band. Improve performance, and through the above-mentioned antenna structure, it can avoid being affected when being held.
  • the antenna structure is used in an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a top end, a bottom end and a side between the top end and the bottom end.
  • the first radiation branch is disposed on a side of the electronic device
  • the second radiation branch is extended on the side and the bottom of the electronic device
  • the third The two radiating branches are far away from the top of the electronic device relative to the first radiating branch. Therefore, the antenna structure can be disposed on the sides and bottom, which are often held by users, so that space can be effectively utilized, and through the antenna structure, it can avoid being affected when being held.
  • the first radiating branch is located on the side of the electronic device and has a preset distance from the top of the electronic device, the first radiating branch is elongated, and the second radiating branch is elongated.
  • the radiating branch includes a first sub-branch and a second sub-branch. The first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are arranged at an angle.
  • the first sub-branch is adjacent to the first radiating branch and is connected to the first sub-branch. There is the gap between the radiating branches, and the first sub-branch is parallel to the first radiating branch.
  • the first sub-branch of the second radiating branch is located on the side of the electronic device close to the bottom end
  • the second sub-branch of the second radiating branch is located on the bottom end of the electronic device . Therefore, through the above structure, the side and bottom positions where the antenna would not otherwise be placed can be fully utilized to set up the antenna structure, making full use of the space of the electronic device, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's grip, effectively improving the antenna performance. .
  • an electronic device in a second aspect, includes an antenna structure.
  • the antenna structure includes a first radiating branch, a second radiating branch and a first feed.
  • the first radiating branch includes two ground points and a first feed point.
  • the first feed point is located between the two ground points.
  • the two ground points are used for grounding, wherein the The first radiating branch is spaced apart from the ground connecting the two ground points to form a slot, and the first radiating branch constitutes a slot antenna.
  • the first feed source is electrically connected to a first feed point of the first radiating branch, and is used to provide a first feed signal to the first radiating branch through the first feeding point, and through the first feeding point
  • the slot couples and loads the first feed signal to the second radiating branch, so that the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the first frequency band. Therefore, since the first radiating branch constitutes a slot antenna, the excitation current generated after the first feed source provides the first feed signal to the first radiating branch will connect with the two contacts at the first radiating branch. Therefore, the impact of the user's holding on the excitation current is small, thereby allowing the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch to be disposed on the electronic device that is often held by the user. holding part, and The space of the electronic device can be fully utilized so that the size of the first radiating branch meets the performance requirements. In addition, by setting the second radiating branch for coupling and feeding, the bandwidth of the first frequency band can also be effectively broadened.
  • the resonant frequency at which the first radiating branch operates under the excitation of the first feed signal is the first resonant frequency
  • the second radiating branch operates under the excitation of the first feed signal.
  • the resonant frequency operated under excitation is a second resonant frequency
  • the second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency
  • the first frequency range includes a frequency range from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, the two radiating branches carry out resonance respectively, and since the second radiating branch is coupled and fed, the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency are relatively close.
  • the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency are near and all the The frequencies between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency are frequencies with larger resonant energy, and both have better radio frequency transceiver performance. Therefore, the antenna structure of the present application can well support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the first frequency band including the frequency range from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency, effectively broadening the bandwidth.
  • the two ground points include a first ground point and a second ground point, the first ground point is provided at the first end of the first radiating branch, and the second ground point is provided at the second end of the first radiating branch, the first end is the end away from the second radiating branch, the second end is the end adjacent to the second radiating branch, and the antenna structure further It includes a first matching circuit, the first grounding point is directly grounded, and the second grounding point is grounded through the first matching circuit. Therefore, the second grounding point is grounded through the first matching circuit, so that the operating frequency of the slot antenna formed by the first radiating branch can be matched and adjusted, and the resonant frequency of the first radiating branch can be made more precise. Accurately adjust to the first resonant frequency.
  • the first matching circuit includes a matching inductor. Therefore, further tuning matching is achieved through the inductance element, which can effectively ensure that the first radiation branch resonates at the first resonant frequency.
  • the antenna structure further includes a second matching circuit
  • the first feed source is electrically connected to the feed point of the first radiating branch through the second matching circuit. Therefore, by matching and adjusting the feed signal of the first feed source through the second matching circuit, the resonant frequency of the first radiating branch can be further adjusted to the first resonant frequency more accurately.
  • the second matching circuit includes a matching network composed of multiple matching elements, and the multiple matching elements include at least one of an inductor and a capacitor. Therefore, more precise and detailed adjustment can be achieved through a matching network composed of multiple matching elements.
  • the second radiating branch includes a second feed point
  • the antenna structure further includes a second feed source and a third matching circuit
  • the second feed source passes through the third matching circuit.
  • the second radiation branch can not only be used to excite the first feed signal to operate at the second resonant frequency and nearby frequencies in the first frequency band, but also support electromagnetic wave signals of partial frequencies in the first frequency band.
  • Transceiver can also work in the second frequency band under the stimulation of the second feed signal to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the second frequency band, effectively increasing the frequency band of the multi-antenna structure and further broadening the bandwidth.
  • the antenna structure further includes a switch, the switch is connected between the third matching circuit and the second feed point, and the switch is used to operate the antenna structure when the Disconnected during the first frequency band. Therefore, the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band can be effectively guaranteed and interference from the second frequency band can be avoided.
  • the third matching circuit includes a plurality of matching elements and at least one matching switch, At least one of the plurality of matching elements is connected in series with a matching switch.
  • the matching switch is used to switch the on or off state when the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, and adjust the second radiation branch to be in the corresponding state. operating frequency under the excitation of the second feed source. Therefore, the operating frequency of the second radiating branch under the excitation of the second feed source can be adjusted by switching the on or off state of the matching switch, so that the operating frequency of the second radiating branch Different from the frequency in the first frequency band, the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band can also be effectively guaranteed.
  • the length of the second radiation branch is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, when the second radiating branch is electrically connected to the second feed source, the length of the second radiating branch is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency, and resonance can be achieved at the same time.
  • the second resonant frequency can also operate in the second frequency band under the excitation of the second feed signal of the second feed source.
  • the second radiating branch includes a third grounding point, the third grounding point is used for grounding, and the second radiating branch is located between the third grounding point and the gap.
  • the length of the intermediate part is 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, at this time, as long as the length of the part of the second radiation branch between the third ground point and the gap is 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency, therefore, the length can be effectively shortened.
  • the length of the second radiating branches saves space.
  • the first frequency band is the GPS L5 frequency band. Since the size of the antenna required for the GPS L5 frequency band is relatively large, the antenna structure that implements the GPS L5 frequency band is placed on the part of the electronic device that is often held by the user, so as to meet the antenna size requirements required for the GPS L5 frequency band. Improve performance, and through the above-mentioned antenna structure, it can avoid being affected when being held.
  • the electronic device includes a top end, a bottom end, and a side located between the top end and the bottom end
  • the first radiation branch is disposed on the side of the electronic device
  • the third Two radiating branches extend from the side and the bottom of the electronic device, and the second radiating branches are farther away from the top of the electronic device than the first radiating branches. Therefore, the antenna structure can be disposed on the sides and bottom, which are often held by users, so that space can be effectively utilized, and through the antenna structure, it can avoid being affected when being held.
  • the first radiating branch is located on the side of the electronic device and has a preset distance from the top of the electronic device, the first radiating branch is elongated, and the second radiating branch is elongated.
  • the radiating branch includes a first sub-branch and a second sub-branch. The first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are arranged at an angle. The first sub-branch is adjacent to the first radiating branch and is connected to the first sub-branch.
  • the first radiating branch is parallel to the first radiating branch
  • the first radiating branch is located on the side of the electronic device
  • the first sub-branch of the second radiating branch is The branch is located on the side of the electronic device close to the bottom end
  • the second sub-branch of the second radiation branch is located at the bottom end of the electronic device. Therefore, through the above structure, the side and bottom positions where the antenna would not otherwise be placed can be fully utilized to set up the antenna structure, making full use of the space of the electronic device, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's grip, effectively improving the antenna performance. .
  • the frame of the electronic device is a metal frame
  • the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are two metal frame segments formed by opening a gap in the metal frame of the electronic device.
  • the frame of the electronic device is a non-metallic frame
  • the first radiating branches and the second radiating branches are metal segments disposed in the frame of the electronic device.
  • the antenna structure and electronic equipment of the present application can allow the radiating branches of the antenna structure to be placed in parts that are often held by the user, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's holding.
  • the space of the electronic equipment can be effectively used to install larger Small-sized radiating branches effectively improve antenna performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the input return loss curve of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna structure under the excitation of the first feed source in an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the system radiation efficiency curve and the system total efficiency curve of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna structure under the excitation of the first feed source in an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a slot antenna formed by a first radiating branch in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first radiation branch in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the first radiation branch in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a graph of the total system efficiency curve of the first radiation branch and the ordinary IFA antenna under different holding conditions in an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the second radiation branch in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a system total efficiency curve diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application under a structure that includes both a first radiating branch and a second radiating branch and under a structure that only includes the first radiating branch;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a first example of an antenna structure in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a second example of an antenna structure in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the third matching circuit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connection between the second feed source and the second radiating branch in some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device in an embodiment of the present application when held by the left hand;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device in an embodiment of the present application when held by the right hand;
  • Figure 18 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1000 may be a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a computer device, a wireless local area network (WLAN) device, a router, or other electronic product with a wireless communication function.
  • the electronic device 1000 can also be called different names, such as: user equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless Electronic equipment, user agent or user device, cellular phone, wireless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA) , terminal equipment in 5G networks or future evolution networks, etc.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the electronic device 1000 may also be a device deployed in a wireless access network to provide wireless communication functions, including but not limited to: base stations, relay stations, access points, vehicle-mounted equipment, wireless- fidelity, Wi-Fi) sites, wireless backhaul nodes, small sites, micro sites, etc.
  • the base station can be a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), a node B (NodeB, NB), an evolutionary base station B (evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB), a transmission node or transceiver in an NR (new radio) system.
  • Point transmission reception point, TRP or TP
  • next generation nodeB generation nodeB, gNB
  • the electronic device 1000 includes a housing 100, a display module 200, a circuit board 300, a receiver (not shown) and a speaker (not shown).
  • the display module 200 is installed on the housing 100 and cooperates with the housing 100 to form a receiving cavity.
  • the circuit board 300, receiver and speaker are all installed in the receiving cavity.
  • the housing 100 may include a frame 110 and a back cover 120 , and the back cover 120 is fixed to one side of the frame 110 .
  • the frame 110 and the back cover 120 can be an integrally formed structure to ensure the structural stability of the housing 100 .
  • the frame 110 and the back cover 120 can also be fixed to each other through assembly.
  • the housing 100 is provided with a speaker hole 1001, and the number of the speaker holes 1001 may be one or more.
  • the number of speaker holes 1001 is multiple, and the plurality of speaker holes 1001 are provided on the frame 110 .
  • the speaker hole 1001 communicates with the inside of the housing 100 and the outside of the housing 100 .
  • the “hole” described in the embodiments of this application refers to a hole with a complete hole wall.
  • the display module 200 is fixed on the other side of the frame 110 .
  • the display module 200 and the back cover 120 are respectively fixed on both sides of the frame 110 .
  • the display module 200 is placed toward the user, and the back cover 120 is placed away from the user.
  • the display module 200 is provided with a phone hole 2001 , and the phone hole 2001 is a through hole that penetrates the display module 200 .
  • the surface where the display module 200 is located is the front of the electronic device 1000 , the side of the electronic device 1000 away from the display module 200 is the back of the electronic device 1000 , and the back cover 120 is used to cover the back of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the display module 200 includes a display screen and its driving circuit.
  • the display module 200 may be a touch display module.
  • the circuit board 300 is located between the back cover 120 and the display module 200 .
  • the circuit board 300 may be a mainboard of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the receiver is located at the top of the electronic device 1000, and the sound emitted by the receiver is transmitted to the outside of the electronic device 1000 through the phone hole 2001, so as to realize the sound playback function of the electronic device 1000.
  • the speaker is located at the bottom of the electronic device 1000 , and the sound emitted by the speaker can be transmitted to the outside of the electronic device 1000 through the sound hole 1001 to realize the sound playback function of the electronic device 1000 .
  • orientation terms such as “top” and “bottom” used in describing the electronic device 1000 in the embodiments of the present application are mainly based on the orientation of the user holding the electronic device 1000 when using it, so as to face the position of the top side of the electronic device 1000 "Top”, and the position toward the bottom side of the electronic device 1000 is considered “bottom”. This does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a reference to Limitation of the orientation of the electronic device 1000 in actual application scenarios.
  • the bottom end of the electronic device 1000 is the end provided with the headphone hole and the USB hole
  • the top end of the electronic device 1000 is the other end opposite to the end provided with the headphone hole and the USB hole.
  • the short side of the electronic device 1000 is the side where the top and bottom ends of the electronic device 1000 are located
  • the long side or side of the electronic device 1000 is the side connected between the short sides of the electronic device 1000.
  • It is the side with volume adjustment buttons and other buttons.
  • connection and “electrical connection” in this application generally refer to electrical connections, and both include direct connections or indirect connections.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the electronic device 1000 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes an antenna structure 400 .
  • the antenna structure 400 includes a first radiating branch 41 , a second radiating branch 42 and a first feed source S1 .
  • the first radiating branch 41 includes two ground points G1 and a first feed point K1.
  • the first feed point K1 is located between the two ground points G1.
  • the two ground points G1 are used for Grounding, wherein the first radiating branch 41 is spaced apart from the ground where the two ground points G1 are connected to form a slot, and the first radiating branch 41 constitutes a slot antenna.
  • the first feed source S1 is electrically connected to the first feed point K1 of the first radiating branch 41, and is used to provide a first feed signal to the first radiating branch through the first feeding point K1, And the first feed signal is coupled and loaded to the second radiating branch 42 through the gap F1, so that the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the first frequency band. .
  • the excitation current generated after the first feed source S1 provides the first feed signal to the first radiating branch will be in the first radiation.
  • the stub 41 flows in the slot between the ground connected to the two ground points G1. Therefore, the user's holding has little impact on the excitation current, thereby allowing the first radiating stub 41 and the second radiating stub 42 to be connected. It is disposed in the part of the electronic device 1000 that is often held by the user, so that the space of the electronic device 1000 can be fully utilized, so that the size of the first radiating branch 41 meets the performance requirements.
  • Coupled feed can also effectively broaden the bandwidth of the first frequency band.
  • the resonant frequency at which the first radiating branch 41 operates under the excitation of the first feed signal is the first resonant frequency
  • the second radiating branch 42 operates under the excitation of the first feeding signal.
  • the resonant frequency is a second resonant frequency
  • the second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency
  • the first frequency band includes a frequency range segment from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency.
  • the antenna structure 400 of the present application can well support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the first frequency band including the frequency range from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency, effectively broadening the bandwidth.
  • the length of the second radiating branch 42 can be designed in advance according to the second resonant frequency, so that the second radiating branch 42 resonates at the second resonant frequency.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the input return loss curve of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna structure 400 under the excitation of the first feed source S1.
  • the abscissa in Figure 3 is frequency (unit is GHz), and the ordinate is input return loss, also called S parameter (unit is dB).
  • the input return loss is the reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the antenna structure 400. The lower the input return loss, the smaller the signal loss.
  • the frequency corresponding to the valley point of the input return loss is the working frequency of the antenna structure 400. the resonant frequency.
  • the input return loss curve S11 has two valley points P1 and P2.
  • the frequencies corresponding to the two valley points P1 and P2 are 1.17GHz and 1.27GHz respectively.
  • the valley point P1 corresponds to
  • the frequency 1.17GHz is the resonant frequency of the first radiating branch, that is, the first resonant frequency.
  • the frequency 1.27GHz corresponding to the valley point P2 is the resonant frequency of the second radiating branch, that is, the second resonance. frequency.
  • the input return loss of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna structure 400 under the excitation of the first feed source S1 is low near the first resonant frequency of 1.17 GHz, and the input return loss is low near the second resonant frequency of 1.27 GHz. Input near resonant frequency The return loss is also low, so the antenna structure 400 can work better near the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the system radiation efficiency curve and the system total efficiency curve of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna structure 400 under the excitation of the first feed source S1.
  • the system radiation efficiency curve Sr1 is used to reflect the radiation efficiency of the electromagnetic wave signal at each frequency
  • the system total efficiency curve St1 is the difference between the system radiation efficiency curve Sr1 and the input return loss curve S11, that is, the The value corresponding to each frequency of the system total efficiency curve St1 is the value corresponding to the system radiation efficiency curve Sr1 at each frequency minus the S parameter value at the corresponding frequency.
  • the system radiation efficiency curve Sr1 of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna structure 400 under the excitation of the first feed source S1 is relatively high in the frequency band from 1.17GHz to 1.27GHz.
  • the antenna structure 400 is The total system efficiency curve St1 of the electromagnetic wave signal generated under the excitation of the first feed source S1 is also relatively high in the frequency band from 1.17GHz to 1.27GHz. Therefore, the antenna structure 400 can work well in the frequency band of 1.17 GHz to 1.27 GHz under the excitation of the first feed source S1.
  • the first frequency band includes a frequency range segment from the first resonant frequency to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch can well support the first frequency band. Transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals.
  • the S parameters, system radiation efficiency, and total system efficiency corresponding to frequencies slightly higher than the second resonant frequency and slightly lower than the first resonant frequency are also relatively high. Therefore, the first frequency band may also cover a frequency range slightly higher than the second resonant frequency and slightly lower than the first resonant frequency.
  • the two ground points G1 include a first ground point G11 and a second ground point G12 .
  • the first ground point G11 is disposed near the first end 411 of the first radiating branch 41 .
  • the second ground point G12 is disposed at a position close to the second end 412 of the first radiating branch 41
  • the first end 411 is the side of the first radiating branch 41 away from the second radiating branch 42
  • the second end 412 is the end of the first radiating branch 41 adjacent to the second radiating branch 42.
  • the antenna structure 400 further includes a first matching circuit M1, and the first ground point G11 is directly connected to the ground.
  • the second ground point G12 is grounded through the first matching circuit M1.
  • the first grounding point G11 is disposed at a position close to the first end 411 of the first radiating branch 41 , which means that the first grounding point G11 is disposed at the first end of the first radiating branch 41 411 or near the first end 411;
  • the second ground point G12 is set at a position close to the second end 412 of the first radiating branch 41, which means that the second ground point G12 is set at the The second end 412 of the first radiating branch 41 or the vicinity of the second end 412 .
  • the direct grounding means that the grounding does not need to go through a matching circuit.
  • the second ground point G12 is grounded through the first matching circuit M1, and the operating frequency of the slot antenna formed by the first radiating branch 41 can be matched and adjusted, so that the first radiating branch 41 can The resonant frequency is more accurately adjusted to the first resonant frequency.
  • the input return loss curve S11 shown in Figure 3 the system radiation efficiency curve Sr1 and the system total efficiency curve St1 shown in Figure 4 can all be obtained by conducting simulation tests under the aforementioned antenna structure 400 shown in Figure 2 curve.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a slot antenna formed by the first radiating branch 41 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first ground point G11 can be grounded through the first connector J1
  • the second ground point G12 can be grounded through the first matching circuit M1 and the second connector J2, so that, The portion of the first radiation branch 41 located between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 is used for the first connector J1 to connect the first ground point G11 and the ground GND.
  • a matching circuit M1, the second connector, and the ground GND form a closed annular slot C1, thereby forming the slot antenna.
  • the first connector J1 used to connect the first ground point G11 to the ground GND can be a conductive wire, PFC (flexible circuit board), metal spring, solder, etc., and is used for the first matching circuit M1
  • the second connector J2 connected to the ground GND can also be a conductive wire, PFC (flexible circuit board), metal spring, solder, etc., and the first connector J1 and the second connector J2 can be Same or different.
  • the first connector J1 may also be an extension extending from the first ground point G11 of the first radiating branch 41 and the ground GND mentioned in item 41, and be integrated with the first radiating branch 41 The structure is formed by processing from the first radiating branches 41 .
  • the ground GND in this application can specifically be a metal structure ground or a motherboard ground. That is, the ground GND may be a metal ground structure formed by processing a metal structure, or may be an overall ground on the motherboard of the electronic device 1000, for example, a ground area or a ground layer on the motherboard.
  • the main board may be the aforementioned circuit board 300.
  • the metal ground structure can be in a position that can be held by the user, and is connected to the earth when the user holds it, thereby realizing the final grounding of the entire machine.
  • the ground of the motherboard is finally connected to the ground of the metal structure to achieve final grounding.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first radiation branch 41 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a current distribution diagram of the excitation current generated by stimulating the first radiating branch 41 when the first feed source S1 provides a feed signal to the first radiating branch 41 .
  • the current of the first radiating branch 41 is mainly distributed in the aforementioned annular slot C1, that is, It is mainly distributed between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 of the first radiation branch 41 and the corresponding ground GND part.
  • the distance between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the first resonant frequency.
  • the distance between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 is also the electrical length of the first radiation branch 41 , and the electrical length of the first radiation branch 41 corresponds to the first radiation.
  • the operating frequency of the branch 41 is half a period of the signal of the first resonant frequency, and the peak of the electric field distribution is approximately located in the middle of the first radiation branch 41 .
  • the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 are two points with relatively large current, and the first radiation branch 41 is located at the first ground point G11 and the second ground point
  • the midpoint Z1 between G12 is a point with a smaller current.
  • the darker point in Figure 6 is a point with a larger current, and the lighter point is a point with a smaller current.
  • the current flows from the midpoint Z1 to the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 respectively, and then flows back from the first ground point G11 to the ground GND.
  • an electromagnetic wave signal whose resonant frequency is the first resonant frequency can be excited to generate (or receive).
  • the feed signal current is mainly distributed on the inner side of the first radiation branch 41 close to the ground GND and on the ground GND. Therefore, when the user holds it, the The influence of the current is very small, so the radio frequency transceiver performance of the first radiation branch 41 can still be ensured.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the first radiation branch 41 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrical length of the first radiating branch 41 corresponds to a half cycle of the signal at which the first radiating branch 41 operates at the first resonant frequency, and the peak of the half cycle is approximately located at the first resonant frequency.
  • the middle position of a radiating branch 41 That is, actual Above, the portion of the first radiating branch 41 between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 corresponds to half a cycle, and the peak of the cycle is approximately located in the middle of the first radiating branch 41 .
  • the length of the arrow in Figure 7 represents the intensity of the electric field.
  • the electric field on the first radiation branch 41 gradually increases from the first ground point G11 to the midpoint Z1, and then from the midpoint Z1 to the second ground point G12 slowing shrieking.
  • the electric field is mainly distributed between the first radiation branch 41 and the ground GND, that is, mainly distributed inside the electronic device 1000, therefore, when the user holds When , the impact on the electric field is very small, thus the radio frequency transceiver performance of the first radiation branch 41 can still be ensured.
  • the midpoint Z1 between the first radiating branch 41 located between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 is the point on the first radiating branch 41 located between the first grounding point G11 and the second grounding point G12 A point between the two ground points G12 and equidistant from the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12.
  • the first matching circuit M1 includes a matching inductor. That is, in some embodiments, the first matching circuit M1 includes an inductor, so that further tuning matching is achieved through the inductive reactance element of the inductor, which can effectively ensure that the first radiation branch 41 resonates in the first Resonant frequency.
  • the antenna structure further includes a second matching circuit M2, and the first feed source S1 is fed by the second matching circuit M2 and the first radiating branch 41.
  • Point K1 is electrically connected. Therefore, by matching and adjusting the feed signal of the first feed source S1 through the second matching circuit M2, the resonant frequency of the first radiation branch 41 can be further adjusted to the first resonance more accurately. frequency.
  • the second matching circuit includes a plurality of matching elements including at least one of an inductor and a capacitor. Specifically, the second matching circuit includes a plurality of matching elements to form a matching network. Therefore, the second matching circuit includes a matching network composed of a plurality of matching elements. Through the matching network composed of a plurality of matching elements, it is possible to Achieve more precise and detailed adjustments.
  • the second radiating branch 42 is set in the air, that is, it is not grounded or connected to other feed sources.
  • the length of the second radiating branch 42 is corresponding to the second resonant frequency. 1/2 of the wavelength. That is, in some embodiments, when the second radiating branch 42 is arranged in the air, the length of the second radiating branch 42 is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency, so that the resonance can be achieved at the second resonant frequency.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph of the total system efficiency of the first radiation branch 41 and the ordinary IFA (inverted F antenna) antenna under different holding conditions in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 specifically illustrates the overall efficiency curve St2 of the system when the antenna structure of the first radiating branch 41 in the form of a slot antenna is held by the user in the present application.
  • the total efficiency curve St3 of the system when the antenna structure of the radiating branch 41 is held by the user with the right hand the total efficiency curve St4 of the system when the antenna structure of the existing IFA antenna is held by the user with the left hand
  • the current total efficiency curve St4 The overall efficiency curve of the system St5 when the antenna structure using the IFA antenna is held by the user's right hand.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the second radiating branch 42 in an embodiment of the present application. 8 specifically shows that the first feed signal of the first feed source S1 is coupled to the second radiating branch 42 through the gap F1, and A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the excitation current generated by stimulating the second radiating branch 42 .
  • the current value of the second radiating branch 42 is larger in the middle part of the second radiating branch 42 , and the second radiating branch 42 can also couple to the ground GND at the corresponding position to generate a reverse direction. current.
  • the first feed signal of the first feed source S1 is an AC signal, and the direction of the current of the second radiation branch 42 changes periodically according to the first feed signal. Therefore, it can be effectively excited and resonate at the aforementioned second resonant frequency. Therefore, the antenna structure 400 of the present application further includes a second radiating branch in addition to the aforementioned first radiating branch 41 and its related feed and ground structure. 42, which can effectively broaden the bandwidth.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of the total system efficiency of the antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application when it includes both the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 and when it only includes the first radiating branch 41 .
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the overall system efficiency curve St6 of the antenna structure under a structure that includes both the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42, and the overall system efficiency curve St6 of the antenna structure under a structure that only includes the first radiating branch 41.
  • Efficiency curve St7 is a graph of the total system efficiency of the antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application when it includes both the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 and when it only includes the first radiating branch 41 .
  • the total system efficiency corresponding to each frequency in the operable frequency range of the total system efficiency curve St6 is significantly higher than the total system efficiency in the total system efficiency curve St7. Therefore, it can also be seen from the total system efficiency that after further including the second radiating branch 42, the total system efficiency is significantly improved, effectively improving the antenna performance.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall current distribution of the antenna structure 400 in an embodiment of the present application. 10 is actually a combination of the current distribution diagram of the first radiating branch 41 shown in FIG. 6 and the current distribution diagram of the second radiating branch 42 shown in FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a first example of an antenna structure in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the second radiating branch 42 includes a second feed point K2
  • the antenna structure 400 further includes a second feed source S2 and a third matching circuit M3.
  • the second feed source S2 is connected to the second feed point K2 through the third matching circuit M3, and provides a second feed signal to the second radiating branch 42 to stimulate the second radiating branch to work in Second frequency band.
  • the second radiating branch 42 can be additionally connected to the second feed source S2, and works in the third power supply under the excitation of the second feed signal provided by the second feed source S2.
  • Second frequency band therefore, the second radiating branch 42 can not only be used to excite the first feed signal to operate at the second resonant frequency and nearby frequencies in the first frequency band, but also support part of the frequencies in the first frequency band.
  • the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals can also be operated in the second frequency band under the stimulation of the second feed signal to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the second frequency band, effectively improving the frequency band of the multi-antenna structure and further broadening the bandwidth.
  • the second frequency band does not overlap with the first frequency band at all, that is, does not have the same frequency range. Therefore, the first frequency band and the second frequency band will not interfere with each other, and the second frequency band will not interfere with each other.
  • the radiating branches 42 may work at part of the frequencies in the first frequency band, or may also work in the second frequency band at the same time.
  • the second feed source S2 is connected to the second feed point K2 through the third matching circuit M3, thereby being connected to the second radiating branch 42, and forming a network with the second radiating branch 42.
  • "T" type antenna
  • the third matching circuit M3 also includes a plurality of matching elements, and the plurality of matching elements include at least one of an inductor and a capacitor. Specifically, the plurality of matching elements also form a matching network, so that the third matching circuit M3 can achieve more precise and detailed adjustment through the matching network composed of multiple matching elements.
  • the first feed point K1 may be located at any position between the first ground point G11 and the second ground point G12 on the first radiation branch 41 .
  • the second feed point K2 can be located at any position on the second radiating branch 42 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a second example of an antenna structure in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the antenna structure further includes a switch SW1, the switch SW1 is connected between the third matching circuit M3 and the second feed point K2, so The switch SW1 is used to turn off when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band.
  • the second frequency band partially overlaps with the first frequency band.
  • the second frequency band partially overlaps with the first frequency band
  • the antenna structure further includes a switch SW1 for disconnecting when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band, which can effectively Ensure the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band and avoid interference from the second frequency band.
  • the switch SW1 can also be set and turned off when the antenna structure 400 works in the first frequency band, thereby effectively ensuring that the antenna structure When the 400 works in the first frequency band, it will not be subject to crosstalk from other frequency bands.
  • the length of the second radiation branch 42 is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. That is, in some embodiments, when the second radiating branch 42 is electrically connected to the second feed source S2, the length of the second radiating branch 42 is 1/ of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. 2. It can simultaneously achieve resonance at the second resonant frequency and operate in the second frequency band under the excitation of the second feed signal of the second feed source S2. In this application, the length of the second radiating branch 42 may also refer to the electrical length.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the third matching circuit M3 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the third matching circuit M3 includes a plurality of matching elements M31 and at least one matching switch SW2. Wherein, at least one of the plurality of matching elements M31 is connected in series with a matching switch SW2.
  • the matching switch SW2 is used to switch the on or off state when the antenna structure 400 works in the first frequency band, and adjust the The operating frequency of the second radiating branch 42 .
  • the operating frequency of the second radiation branch 42 under the excitation of the second feed source S2 can be adjusted to the second frequency band.
  • the frequency does not coincide with the first frequency band, so that the operating frequency of the second radiation branch is different from the frequency in the first frequency band, which can also effectively ensure the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band.
  • the plurality of matching elements M31 may include components such as inductors and capacitors, and the plurality of matching elements M31 are electrically connected in parallel between the second feed source S2 and the second radiating branch 42 .
  • a certain matching element M31 is connected in series with a matching switch SW2
  • the series branch of the matching element M31 and the matching switch SW2 is electrically connected to the second feed source in parallel with other matching elements M31 or other series branches. between S2 and the second radiating branch 42 . Therefore, by switching the on or off state of the matching switch SW2, the number and/or type of the matching elements M31 participating in the matching adjustment in the third matching circuit M3 can be changed, and the second radiation can be adjusted.
  • Branch 42 in the second The operating frequency under the excitation of feed source S2.
  • the matching switch SW2 that switches the on or off state may be part or all of the at least one matching switch SW2.
  • the number of the at least one matching switch SW2 is less than the number of the plurality of matching elements M31 .
  • the number of the at least one matching switch SW2 may also be equal to the number of the multiple matching elements M31 , that is, each matching element M31 is connected in series with a matching switch SW2 .
  • the number of the at least one matching switch SW2 is equal to the number of the plurality of matching elements M31, after switching the on or off state of the matching switch SW2, at least one matching switch SW2 is in the on state.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connection between the second feed source S2 and the second radiating branch 42 in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the antenna structure includes a switch SW1, and the switch SW1 is connected between the third matching circuit M3 and the second feed point K2.
  • the third matching circuit M3 includes A plurality of matching elements M31 and at least one matching switch SW2. Wherein, at least one of the plurality of matching elements M31 is connected in series with a matching switch SW2.
  • the switch SW1 is used to turn off when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band and the interference received by the first frequency band is greater than a first threshold
  • the matching switch SW2 is used to turn off when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band.
  • the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band, and switches on or off when the interference received by the first frequency band is greater than the second threshold and less than the first threshold.
  • the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
  • the switch SW1 or the matching switch SW2 may be controlled according to the degree of interference received by the first frequency band.
  • the antenna structure 400 works in the first frequency band, and the interference received by the first frequency band is greater than the first threshold, it means that the interference at this time is relatively large, and the switch SW1 can be directly controlled to be turned off, so that The feed path of the second feed source S2 is disconnected, which can effectively avoid interference to the first frequency band.
  • the matching switch SW2 is controlled to switch on or off, so that the Adjust the operating frequency of the second radiation branch 42 under the excitation of the second feed source S2 to a frequency in the second frequency band that does not coincide with the first frequency band, so that the second radiation branch
  • the working frequency is different from the frequency in the first frequency band, which can also effectively ensure the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band.
  • the frequency at which the second feed source S2 excites the second radiating branch 42 is maintained, which can effectively broaden the bandwidth.
  • the switching of the matching switch SW2 to the on or off state means that when the matching switch SW2 is currently in the on state, it is switched to the off state, and when it is currently in the off state, it is switched to conduction state.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the second radiating branch 42 includes a third grounding point G2, the third grounding point G2 is used for grounding, and the second radiating branch is located on the third The length of the portion between the ground point G2 and the gap F1 is 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency.
  • the second radiating branch 42 can be grounded through the third grounding point G2.
  • the third grounding point G2 can be provided for grounding, which can effectively shorten the length of the second radiation branch 42 and save space.
  • the length of the portion of the second radiation branch located between the third ground point G2 and the gap F1 may also refer to the electrical length.
  • the excitation current generated by stimulating the second radiating branch 42 will also pass through the third ground point G2 continues to flow back for a certain distance after reaching the ground GND, and this distance is roughly equivalent to 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency. Therefore, the second radiation branch 42 can be caused to pass through the third ground point
  • the overall length/electrical length of G2 after it is grounded is 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the second resonant frequency, and it can still resonate well at the second resonant frequency.
  • the third ground point G2 can also be connected to the ground GND through conductive wires, FPC, metal shrapnel, solder and other connecting parts to be grounded.
  • the first frequency band in this application includes GPSL 5 frequency band. That is, in this application, through the antenna structure 400 including the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42, the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in frequency bands including the GPS L5 frequency band can be realized.
  • the clearance area will be smaller and there will be more antennas. Often the required size cannot be achieved, which often affects the antenna performance.
  • the excitation current generated after the first feed source S1 provides the first feed signal to the first radiating branch 41 will flow through the first radiating branch 41 . The flow flows in the slot between the ground connected to the two ground points G1.
  • the user's holding has less impact on the excitation current, thereby allowing the antenna structure 400 that implements the GPS L5 frequency band to be disposed on the electronic device 1000
  • the parts that are often held by users meet the antenna size requirements required by the GPS L5 band and improve performance.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes a top end D1 , a bottom end D2 and a side B1 located between the top end D1 and the bottom end D2 .
  • the first radiation branch 41 Disposed on the side B1 of the electronic device 1000
  • the second radiating branches 42 extend and are disposed on the side B1 and the bottom D2 of the electronic device 1000, and the second radiating branches 42 are opposite to each other.
  • the first radiating branches 41 are away from the top end D1. That is, when the antenna structure 400 is installed in the electronic device 1000, the first radiating branch 41 is disposed on the side B1 of the electronic device 1000, and the second radiating branch 42 extends to the side B1 of the electronic device 1000.
  • the side B1 and the bottom end D2 of the device 1000 are provided with the first radiating branches 41 . That is, part of the second radiating branch 42 is provided on the side B1 where the first radiating branch 41 is provided, and the other part is provided on the bottom end D2.
  • the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 are disposed on the side B1 of the electronic device 1000 and are disposed on the portion of the side close to the bottom end D2 and the bottom end D2. Since the electronic device 1000 The portion of the side B1 close to the bottom end D2 and the bottom end D2 are generally parts of the electronic device 1000 that are often held by users. Therefore, in this application, the first radiation branch 41 is provided on the side B1 of the electronic device 1000, and the second radiation branch 42 is extended and provided on the side B1 and the side B1 of the electronic device 1000. The bottom end D2 is to dispose the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 at the part of the electronic device 1000 that is often held by the user.
  • the antenna structure 400 of the present application allows it to be disposed at These parts are often held by the user, so that the space can be fully utilized to meet the size requirements of the radiating branches, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's holding.
  • the gap F1 between the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 is opened on the side B1 .
  • the gap F1 between the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 may also be opened at the bottom end D2.
  • the first radiating branch 41 may be extending close to the bottom At the position of end D2, the second radiating branches 42 may all be disposed at the bottom end D2.
  • the first radiation branch 41 is located on the side B1 of the electronic device 1000 and has a preset distance from the top of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first radiation branch 41 It is elongated, and the second radiating branch 42 includes a first sub-branch 421 and a second sub-branch 422.
  • the first sub-branch 421 and the second sub-branch 422 are arranged at an angle.
  • the branch 421 is adjacent to the first radiating branch 41 and has the gap F1 between it and the first radiating branch 41, and the first sub-branch 421 is parallel to the first radiating branch 41, and the second radiating branch 421 is parallel to the first radiating branch 41.
  • the first sub-branch 421 of the branch 42 is located near the bottom end D2 of the side B1 of the electronic device 1000
  • the second sub-branch 422 of the second radiation branch 42 is located at the bottom end of the electronic device 1000 D2. That is, when the antenna structure 400 is installed in the electronic device 1000, the first radiating branch 41 is located on the side B1 of the electronic device 1000, and the first sub-branch 421 of the second radiating branch 42 is located on At a position of the side B1 of the electronic device 1000 close to the bottom end D2, the second sub-branch 422 of the second radiation branch 42 is located at the bottom end D2 of the electronic device 1000.
  • the first sub-branch 421 and the second sub-branch 422 are respectively located at the side B1 and the bottom end D2, and are substantially vertical.
  • the included angle of the second sub-branch 422 is approximately 90 degrees.
  • the first sub-branch 421 and the second sub-branch 422 are connected in an arc-shaped transition.
  • the preset distance between the first radiation branch 41 and the top of the electronic device 1000 may be a value between 1/5 and 1/2 of the length of the side B1 of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first radiating branch 41 may be disposed at a middle position of the side B1, that is, the distance between the first radiating branch 41 and the top D1 and the bottom D2 may be roughly equal.
  • the side and bottom positions where the antenna would not otherwise be placed can be fully used to set up the antenna structure, making full use of the space of the electronic device 1000, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's grip, effectively improving the antenna. performance.
  • FIGS. 2 and 11 to 13 are all schematic diagrams showing the internal structure of the antenna structure 400 when viewed from the back of the electronic device 1000 , that is, from the side away from the display module 200 , that is, A schematic diagram illustrating the internal structure of the antenna structure 400 viewed from the side of the back cover 120 of the electronic device 1000 .
  • FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are respectively a schematic diagram of the electronic device 1000 when held by the left hand and a schematic diagram of the electronic device 1000 when held by the right hand.
  • 16 and 17 are schematic diagrams viewed from the front of the electronic device 1000 , that is, viewed from one side of the display module 200 .
  • the antenna Both the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 of the structure are partially held by the user. That is, the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 may be disposed at parts of the electronic device 1000 that are often held by users.
  • the structure of the electronic device 1000 shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 also shows the ground GND.
  • the ground GND can be a metal ground structure, or a ground area on the motherboard or a ground on the motherboard. layer, wherein there is a gap X1 between the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 and the ground GND.
  • the first radiation branch 41 can be connected to the ground GND through the aforementioned first connector J1 and the second connector J2 to be grounded.
  • the second The radiation branches 42 may be connected to the ground GND and grounded, or may not be grounded and be in a floating state.
  • the required frequency band part in the first frequency band of the present application can mainly be provided by the first radiation branch 41. Therefore, for example, the aforementioned GPS L5 frequency band can mainly be the first frequency band supported by the first radiation branch 41.
  • the second radiating branch 42 is to further broaden the bandwidth. Therefore, although the second radiating branch 42 is not a slot antenna, it can be seen from Figure 16 and Figure 17 that the second radiating branch 42 is not a slot antenna. The second radiating branch 42 is not completely blocked due to holding. Compared with not providing the second radiating branch 42, the frequency pattern can be effectively broadened and the antenna performance can be improved.
  • the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 are disposed on the right side of the electronic device 1000.
  • the side and the bottom end D2 are disposed on the right side and the bottom end D2 of the electronic device 1000 when viewed from the display module 200 side.
  • the electronic device 1000 also includes a side button 500.
  • the side button 500 is provided on the side of the electronic device 1000, and is particularly provided on the display module 200 of the electronic device 1000. Viewed sideways on the right side. Therefore, in other words, the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 are disposed on the side B1 and the bottom D2 where the side buttons 500 are provided.
  • first radiation branch 41 and the second radiation branch 42 can also be disposed on the left side and the bottom end D2 of the electronic device 1000, that is, the first radiation branch 41 and the second radiation branch
  • the branches 42 may also be disposed on the side B1 and the bottom D2 of the electronic device 1000 where the side buttons 500 are not provided.
  • the frame 110 (shown in FIG. 1 ) of the electronic device 1000 is a metal frame
  • the first radiation branch 41 and the second radiation branch 42 are the metal frames of the electronic device 1000 passing through.
  • first radiation branch 41 and the second radiation branch 42 are two metal frame segments formed by opening a gap in the metal frame of the electronic device 1000 , the metal frame
  • slits F2 and slits F3 wherein the slit F2 is opened between the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42.
  • the position of the first end 411 of the branch 41 isolates the first radiating branch 41 from other parts of the metal frame.
  • the gap F3 is opened at an end of the second radiating branch 42 away from the gap F1, and The second radiating branch 42 is also isolated from other parts of the metal frame.
  • the frame of the electronic device 1000 is a non-metallic frame
  • the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 are metal segments disposed in the frame of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the frame 110 of the electronic device 1000 may also be a non-metal frame with low electrical conductivity such as plastic, plastic, or ceramic.
  • the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 are metal sections disposed in the frame of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 may be embedded in the frame of the electronic device 1000 , or may be disposed on the inner side of the frame of the electronic device 1000 .
  • the frame of the electronic device 1000 can also be a non-metallic frame with low conductive properties such as plastic, plastic, ceramic, etc., which can further reduce the impact of the user's grip on the first radiation branch 41 and The second spoke The influence of Radix Branch 42 and so on.
  • the width of the gap F1 between the first radiating branch 41 and the second radiating branch 42 may be a value between 0.5mm (millimeters) and 1.5mm, wherein, the The width of the gap F1 is the distance between the first radiating branches 41 and the second radiating branches 42 .
  • the antenna structure 400 and the electronic device 1000 of the present application can allow the radiating branches of the antenna structure 400 to be placed in a part that is often held by the user, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's holding, and the electronic device 1000 can be effectively utilized. space to set up larger-sized radiating branches, effectively improving antenna performance.
  • FIG. 18 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device 1000 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes the aforementioned antenna structure 400 and a controller 600 .
  • the second radiating branch 42 includes a second feed point K2
  • the antenna structure 400 further includes a second feed source S2 and a third matching circuit M3.
  • the second feed source S2 passes through
  • the third matching circuit M3 is connected to the second feed point K2, and provides a second feed signal to the second radiating branch 42 to stimulate the second radiating branch to work in the second frequency band
  • the The antenna structure further includes a switch SW1, which is connected between the third matching circuit M3 and the second feed point K2.
  • the controller 600 is also connected to the switch SW1 for controlling the switch SW1 to be turned off when the antenna structure 400 is operating in the first frequency band, and when the antenna structure 400 is not operating in the first frequency band. In the frequency band, the switch SW1 is controlled to be turned on.
  • the third matching circuit M3 includes a plurality of matching elements M31 and at least one matching switch SW2, and at least one of the plurality of matching elements M31 is connected in series with a matching switch SW2.
  • the controller 600 is also connected to the at least one matching switch SW2, and the controller 600 is used to switch the on or off state of the matching switch SW2 when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band, and The operating frequency of the second radiating branch 42 is adjusted. Therefore, by switching the on or off state of the matching switch SW2, the operating frequency of the second radiation branch 42 under the excitation of the second feed source S2 can be adjusted to the second frequency band.
  • the frequency does not coincide with the first frequency band, so that the operating frequency of the second radiation branch is different from the frequency in the first frequency band, which can also effectively ensure the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band.
  • the antenna structure includes a switch SW1 connected between the third matching circuit M3 and the second feed point K2.
  • the third matching circuit M3 includes multiple There are two matching elements M31 and at least one matching switch SW2, and at least one of the plurality of matching elements M31 is connected in series with a matching switch SW2.
  • the controller 600 is connected to both the switch SW1 and the at least one matching switch SW2.
  • the controller 600 is also used to control the switch SW1 to turn off when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band and the interference received by the first frequency band is greater than a first threshold, and to control the switch SW1 to turn off when the antenna structure 400 operates in the first frequency band.
  • 400 operates in the first frequency band, and when the interference received by the first frequency band is greater than the second threshold and less than the first threshold, control to switch the on or off state of the matching switch SW2.
  • the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
  • the controller 600 may control the switch SW1 or the matching switch SW2 according to the degree of interference received by the first frequency band.
  • the controller 600 can directly control the switch SW1 By disconnecting the feed path of the second feed source S2, interference to the first frequency band can be effectively avoided.
  • the controller 600 controls the matching switch SW2 to switch on or off.
  • the operating frequency of the second radiation branch 42 under the excitation of the second feed source S2 can be adjusted to a frequency in the second frequency band that does not coincide with the first frequency band, so that the The working frequency of the second radiation branch is different from the frequency in the first frequency band, which can also effectively ensure the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band.
  • the frequency at which the second feed source S2 excites the second radiating branch 42 is maintained, which can effectively broaden the bandwidth.
  • the switch SW1 and the at least one matching switch SW2 may be transistors such as MOS tubes and transistors.
  • the controller 600 can also be used to perform other control functions, which will not be described again here.
  • the controller 600 may be a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a central processing unit, or the like.
  • the antenna structure 400 and the electronic device 1000 of the present application can allow the radiating branches of the antenna structure 400 to be placed in a part that is often held by the user, and the antenna performance will not be affected by the user's holding, and the space of the electronic device 1000 can be effectively utilized. To set up larger-sized radiating branches to effectively improve antenna performance.
  • any tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD-ROM, DVD, Blu Ray disks, etc.), flash memory and/or And so on.
  • These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to form a machine, such that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus may generate a device that implements the specified functions.
  • Computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory, which may instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory may form a Manufactured articles include devices that perform specified functions.
  • Computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device to perform a series of operating steps on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process such that the execution on the computer or other programmable device Instructions can provide steps for implementing a specified function.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种天线结构及电子设备，天线结构包括第一辐射枝节、第二辐射枝节以及第一馈源。第一辐射枝节包括两个接地点以及第一馈电点，第一馈电点位于两个接地点之间，两个接地点用于接地，第一辐射枝节与两个接地点连接的地之间间隔而形成槽缝，第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线。第二辐射枝节与第一辐射枝节之间具有缝隙，第二辐射枝节与第一辐射枝节通过所述缝隙耦合。第一馈源与第一辐射枝节的第一馈电点电连接，用于通过所述第一馈电点为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号，并通过缝隙将第一馈电信号耦合加载至所述第二辐射枝节，使得第一和第二辐射枝节支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。本申请可有效提升天线性能。

Description

天线结构及电子设备
本申请要求于2022年8月3日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210926634.4、申请名称为“天线结构及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线结构及具有所述天线结构的电子设备。
背景技术
目前，随着5G天线的普及，电子设备包括的天线数量越来越多，而由于全面屏、曲面屏的逐渐普及，留给天线的净空空间越来越少。且由于用户在握持电子设备时，会对天线的辐射造成遮挡，因此，现在的天线的位置也会尽量避开用户握持电子设备的握持部位，例如，目前的天线的设置位置大都会设置在电子设备的上半部分的位置。从而，天线可设置的区域大大减小，而天线数量越来越多，造成了天线的尺寸等都受到了限制，而导致了天线性能受到了限制。
发明内容
本申请提供一种天线结构及电子设备，可有效地提升天线性能。
第一方面，提供一种天线结构，所述天线结构包括第一辐射枝节、第二辐射枝节以及第一馈源。所述第一辐射枝节包括两个接地点以及一第一馈电点，所述第一馈电点位于所述两个接地点之间，所述两个接地点用于接地，其中，所述第一辐射枝节与所述两个接地点连接的地之间间隔而形成槽缝，所述第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线。所述第二辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有缝隙，所述第二辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节通过所述缝隙耦合。所述第一馈源与所述第一辐射枝节的第一馈电点电连接，用于通过所述第一馈电点为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号，并通过所述缝隙将所述第一馈电信号耦合加载至所述第二辐射枝节，使得所述第一辐射枝节和所述第二辐射枝节支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。从而，由于所述第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线，所述第一馈源为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号后产生的激励电流会在第一辐射枝节与所述两个接地点连接的地之间的槽缝内流动，因此，用户握持对激励电流的影响较小，从而允许将所述第一辐射枝节、第二辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的经常被用户握持的部位，而能够充分利用电子设备的空间，使得所述第一辐射枝节的尺寸满足性能要求，另外，通过设置第二辐射枝节进行耦合馈电，还可有效拓宽所述第一频段的频宽。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第一谐振频率，所述第二辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第二谐振频率，所述第二谐振频率大于所述第一谐振频率，所述第一频段包括从第一谐振频率到第二谐振频率的频率范围段。从而，通过两个辐射枝节分别进行谐振，且由于第二辐射枝节为耦合馈电，因此，第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率较为接近，所述第一谐振频 率以及第二谐振频率附近以及所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率之间的频率均为谐振能量较大的频率，均具有较好的射频收发性能。因此，本申请的天线结构可很好地支持该包括第一谐振频率至第二谐振频率的频率范围段的第一频段的电磁波信号的收发，有效拓宽频宽。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述两个接地点包括第一接地点以及第二接地点，所述第一接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的第一端，所述第二接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的第二端，所述第一端为远离所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述第二端为邻近所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述天线结构还包括第一匹配电路，所述第一接地点直接接地，所述第二接地点通过所述第一匹配电路接地。从而，所述第二接地点通过所述第一匹配电路接地，可对所述第一辐射枝节构成的槽缝天线的工作频率进行匹配调节，而能够使得所述第一辐射枝节的谐振频率更准确地调节至所述第一谐振频率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一匹配电路包括匹配电感。从而通过电感这一感抗元件实现进一步的调谐匹配，能有效确保所述第一辐射枝节谐振在所述第一谐振频率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述天线结构还包括第二匹配电路，所述第一馈源通过所述第二匹配电路与所述第一辐射枝节的馈电点电连接。从而，通过所述第二匹配电路对所述第一馈源的馈电信号进行匹配调节，能进一步地使得所述第一辐射枝节的谐振频率更准确地调节至所述第一谐振频率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二匹配电路包括多个匹配元件，所述多个匹配元件包括电感和电容中的至少一个。从而，通过多个匹配元件组成的匹配网络，能够实现更精确、更细致地调节。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二辐射枝节包括第二馈电点，所述天线结构还包括第二馈源以及第三匹配电路，所述第二馈源通过所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点连接，并通过为所述第二辐射枝节提供第二馈电信号，以激励所述第二辐射枝节工作在第二频段。从而，所述第二辐射枝节不但可以用来在所述第一馈电信号的激励工作在第一频段中的第二谐振频率及附近频率，而支持第一频段中的部分频率的电磁波信号的收发，还能在第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段而支持第二频段的电磁波信号的收发，有效地提升了所述多天线结构的频段，进一步拓宽了频宽。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述天线结构还包括开关，所述开关连接于所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点之间，所述开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时断开。从而，可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量，避免受到所述第二频段的干扰。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三匹配电路包括多个匹配元件以及至少一个匹配开关，所述多个匹配元件中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关，所述匹配开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时切换导通或断开状态，而调节所述第二辐射枝节在所述第二馈源的激励下的工作频率。从而，可通过切换所述匹配开关的导通或断开状态，而可调节所述第二辐射枝节在所述第二馈源的激励下的工作频率，使得所述第二辐射枝节的工作频率与所述第一频段中的频率不同，也可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二辐射枝节的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。从而，在所述第二辐射枝节与所述第二馈源电连接时，所述第二辐射枝节的长度为所 述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2，能够同时实现谐振在所述第二谐振频率，也能在所述第二馈源的第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二辐射枝节包括一第三接地点，所述第三接地点用于接地，所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点与所述缝隙之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4。从而，此时只要所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点与所述缝隙之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4即可，因此，可有效缩短所述第二辐射枝节的长度，节约空间。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一频段为GPS L5频段。由于GPS L5频段的天线所需要的尺寸较大，因此，将实现GPS L5频段的天线结构设置于所述电子设备的经常被用户握持的部位，而满足GPS L5频段所需要的天线尺寸要求，提升性能，且通过上述天线结构，又能避免在被握持时受到影响。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述天线结构应用于一电子设备中，所述电子设备包括顶端、底端以及位于所述顶端和底端之间的侧边，当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第一辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节延伸设置于所述电子设备的所述侧边以及所述底端，且所述第二辐射枝节相对所述第一辐射枝节远离所述电子设备的顶端。从而，所述天线结构可设置于侧边以及底端这些经常被用户握持的部位，可有效利用空间，且通过上述天线结构，又能避免在被握持时受到影响。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边且与所述电子设备的顶端具有预设距离，所述第一辐射枝节为长条形，所述第二辐射枝节包括第一子枝节以及第二子枝节，所述第一子枝节与所述第二子枝节呈夹角设置，所述第一子枝节邻近所述第一辐射枝节而与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有所述缝隙，且所述第一子枝节与所述第一辐射枝节平行，当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节的第一子枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边的靠近所述底端的位置，所述第二辐射枝节的第二子枝节位于所述电子设备的底端。从而，通过上述结构，可以充分利用原本不会设置天线的侧边以及底端位置来设置天线结构，充分利用电子设备的空间，且天线性能并不会受到用户握持的影响，有效提升天线性能。
第二方面，提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括天线结构，所述天线结构包括第一辐射枝节、第二辐射枝节以及第一馈源。所述第一辐射枝节包括两个接地点以及一第一馈电点，所述第一馈电点位于所述两个接地点之间，所述两个接地点用于接地，其中，所述第一辐射枝节与所述两个接地点连接的地之间间隔而形成槽缝，所述第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线。所述第二辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有缝隙，所述第二辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节通过所述缝隙耦合。所述第一馈源与所述第一辐射枝节的第一馈电点电连接，用于通过所述第一馈电点为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号，并通过所述缝隙将所述第一馈电信号耦合加载至所述第二辐射枝节，使得所述第一辐射枝节和所述第二辐射枝节支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。从而，由于所述第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线，所述第一馈源为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号后产生的激励电流会在第一辐射枝节与所述两个接地点连接的地之间的槽缝内流动，因此，用户握持对激励电流的影响较小，从而允许将所述第一辐射枝节、第二辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的经常被用户握持的部位，而 能够充分利用电子设备的空间，使得所述第一辐射枝节的尺寸满足性能要求，另外，通过设置第二辐射枝节进行耦合馈电，还可有效拓宽所述第一频段的频宽。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第一谐振频率，所述第二辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第二谐振频率，所述第二谐振频率大于所述第一谐振频率，所述第一频段包括从第一谐振频率到第二谐振频率的频率范围段。从而，通过两个辐射枝节分别进行谐振，且由于第二辐射枝节为耦合馈电，因此，第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率较为接近，所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率附近以及所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率之间的频率均为谐振能量较大的频率，均具有较好的射频收发性能。因此，本申请的天线结构可很好地支持该包括第一谐振频率至第二谐振频率的频率范围段的第一频段的电磁波信号的收发，有效拓宽频宽。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述两个接地点包括第一接地点以及第二接地点，所述第一接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的第一端，所述第二接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的第二端，所述第一端为远离所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述第二端为邻近所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述天线结构还包括第一匹配电路，所述第一接地点直接接地，所述第二接地点通过所述第一匹配电路接地。从而，所述第二接地点通过所述第一匹配电路接地，可对所述第一辐射枝节构成的槽缝天线的工作频率进行匹配调节，而能够使得所述第一辐射枝节的谐振频率更准确地调节至所述第一谐振频率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一匹配电路包括匹配电感。从而通过电感这一感抗元件实现进一步的调谐匹配，能有效确保所述第一辐射枝节谐振在所述第一谐振频率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述天线结构还包括第二匹配电路，所述第一馈源通过所述第二匹配电路与所述第一辐射枝节的馈电点电连接。从而，通过所述第二匹配电路对所述第一馈源的馈电信号进行匹配调节，能进一步地使得所述第一辐射枝节的谐振频率更准确地调节至所述第一谐振频率。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二匹配电路包括多个匹配元件组成的匹配网络，所述多个匹配元件包括电感和电容中的至少一个。从而，通过多个匹配元件组成的匹配网络，能够实现更精确、更细致地调节。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二辐射枝节包括第二馈电点，所述天线结构还包括第二馈源以及第三匹配电路，所述第二馈源通过所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点连接，并通过为所述第二辐射枝节提供第二馈电信号，以激励所述第二辐射枝节工作在第二频段。从而，所述第二辐射枝节不但可以用来在所述第一馈电信号的激励工作在第一频段中的第二谐振频率及附近频率，而支持第一频段中的部分频率的电磁波信号的收发，还能在第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段而支持第二频段的电磁波信号的收发，有效地提升了所述多天线结构的频段，进一步拓宽了频宽。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述天线结构还包括开关，所述开关连接于所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点之间，所述开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时断开。从而，可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量，避免受到所述第二频段的干扰。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三匹配电路包括多个匹配元件以及至少一个匹配开关， 所述多个匹配元件中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关，所述匹配开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时切换导通或断开状态，而调节所述第二辐射枝节在所述第二馈源的激励下的工作频率。从而，可通过切换所述匹配开关的导通或断开状态，而可调节所述第二辐射枝节在所述第二馈源的激励下的工作频率，使得所述第二辐射枝节的工作频率与所述第一频段中的频率不同，也可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二辐射枝节的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。从而，在所述第二辐射枝节与所述第二馈源电连接时，所述第二辐射枝节的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2，能够同时实现谐振在所述第二谐振频率，也能在所述第二馈源的第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二辐射枝节包括一第三接地点，所述第三接地点用于接地，所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点与所述缝隙之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4。从而，此时只要所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点与所述缝隙之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4即可，因此，可有效缩短所述第二辐射枝节的长度，节约空间。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一频段为GPS L5频段。由于GPS L5频段的天线所需要的尺寸较大，因此，将实现GPS L5频段的天线结构设置于所述电子设备的经常被用户握持的部位，而满足GPS L5频段所需要的天线尺寸要求，提升性能，且通过上述天线结构，又能避免在被握持时受到影响。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述电子设备包括顶端、底端以及位于所述顶端和底端之间的侧边，所述第一辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节延伸设置于所述电子设备的所述侧边以及所述底端，且所述第二辐射枝节相对所述第一辐射枝节远离所述电子设备的顶端。从而，所述天线结构可设置于侧边以及底端这些经常被用户握持的部位，可有效利用空间，且通过上述天线结构，又能避免在被握持时受到影响。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边且与所述电子设备的顶端具有预设距离，所述第一辐射枝节为长条形，所述第二辐射枝节包括第一子枝节以及第二子枝节，所述第一子枝节与所述第二子枝节呈夹角设置，所述第一子枝节邻近所述第一辐射枝节而与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有所述缝隙，且所述第一子枝节与所述第一辐射枝节平行，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节的第一子枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边的靠近所述底端的位置，所述第二辐射枝节的第二子枝节位于所述电子设备的底端。从而，通过上述结构，可以充分利用原本不会设置天线的侧边以及底端位置来设置天线结构，充分利用电子设备的空间，且天线性能并不会受到用户握持的影响，有效提升天线性能。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述电子设备的边框为金属边框，所述第一辐射枝节以及所述第二辐射枝节为所述电子设备的金属边框通过开设缝隙而形成的两个金属边框段。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述电子设备的边框为非金属边框，所述第一辐射枝节以及所述第二辐射枝节为设置于所述电子设备的边框中的金属段。
本申请的天线结构和电子设备，能够允许将天线结构的辐射枝节设置于经常被用户握持的部位，且天线性能不会受到用户握持的影响，可有效利用电子设备的空间来设置较大 尺寸的辐射枝节，有效提升天线性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或背景技术中的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例或背景技术中所需要使用的附图进行说明。
图1为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例中的电子设备的天线结构的示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例中所述天线结构在所述第一馈源激励下产生的电磁波信号的输入回波损耗曲线的示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例中所述天线结构在所述第一馈源激励下产生的电磁波信号的系统辐射效率曲线以及系统总效率曲线的示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节形成的槽缝天线的示意图；
图6为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节的电流分布示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节的电场分布示意图；
图8为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节与普通的IFA天线在不同的握持情况下的系统总效率曲线图；
图9为本申请一实施例中的第二辐射枝节的电流分布示意图；
图10为本申请一实施例中的天线结构在同时包括第一辐射枝节以及第二辐射枝节的结构下以及在仅包括第一辐射枝节的结构下的系统总效率曲线图；
图11为本申请另一些实施例中的天线结构的第一示例示意图；
图12为本申请另一些实施例中的天线结构的第二示例示意图；
图13为本申请一实施例中的所述第三匹配电路的具体结构示意图；
图14为本申请一些实施例中的第二馈源与所述第二辐射枝节连接的整体结构示意图；
图15为本申请再一些实施例中的天线结构的示意图；
图16为本申请一实施例中所述电子设备在左手握持状态下的示意图；
图17为本申请一实施例中所述电子设备在右手握持状态下的示意图；
图18为本申请一些实施例中的电子设备的结构框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例进行描述。
请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备1000的结构示意图。
电子设备1000可以是手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算机设备、无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)设备或路由器等具有无线通信功能的电子产品。在一些应用场景下，电子设备1000也可以叫做不同的名称，例如：用户设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、无线电子设备、用户代理或用户装置、蜂窝电话、无线电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、5G网络或未来演进网络中的终端设备等。
一些实施例中，电子设备1000也可以是一种部署在无线接入网用以提供无线通信功能的设备，包括但不限于：基站、中继站、接入点、车载设备、无线保真(wireless-fidelity，Wi-Fi)的站点、无线回传节点、小站、微站等等。其中，基站可以是基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、节点B(NodeB，NB)、演进型基站B(evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)、NR(new radio)系统中的传输节点或收发点(transmission reception point，TRP或者TP)或者下一代节点B(generation nodeB，gNB)、未来通信网络中的基站或网络设备。本申请实施例以电子设备1000是手机为例进行说明。
电子设备1000包括壳体100、显示模组200、电路板300、受话器(图未示)和扬声器(图未示)，显示模组200安装于壳体100并与壳体100配合形成收容腔，电路板300、受话器和扬声器均安装于收容腔内。
壳体100可以包括边框110和后盖120，后盖120固定于边框110的一侧。边框110与后盖120可以为一体成型的结构，以保证壳体100的结构稳定性。或者，边框110与后盖120也可以通过组装方式彼此固定。壳体100设有扬声孔1001，扬声孔1001的数量可以为一个或多个。示例性的，扬声孔1001的数量为多个，多个扬声孔1001设于边框110。扬声孔1001连通壳体100的内侧与壳体100的外侧。需要说明的是，本申请实施例所描述的“孔”是指具有完整孔壁的孔。
显示模组200固定于边框110的另一侧。显示模组200和后盖120分别固定于边框110的两侧。用户使用电子设备1000时，显示模组200朝向用户放置，后盖120背离用户放置。显示模组200设有受话孔2001，受话孔2001为贯穿显示模组200的通孔。其中，显示模组200所在的面为电子设备1000的正面，电子设备1000的背离显示模组200的一面为电子设备1000的背面，后盖120用于封盖电子设备1000的背面。其中，显示模组200包括显示屏及其驱动电路。显示模组200可为触摸显示模组。
电路板300位于后盖120和显示模组200之间。其中，电路板300可以为电子设备1000的主板(mainboard)。受话器位于电子设备1000的顶端，受话器发出的声音经受话孔2001传输至电子设备1000的外部，以实现电子设备1000的声音播放功能。扬声器位于电子设备1000的底端，扬声器发出的声音能够经扬声孔1001传输至电子设备1000的外部，以实现电子设备1000的声音播放功能。
应当理解的是，本申请实施例描述电子设备1000时所采用“顶”和“底”等方位用词主要依据用户手持使用电子设备1000时的方位进行阐述，以朝向电子设备1000顶侧的位置为“顶”，以朝向电子设备1000底侧的位置为“底”，并不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对电子设备1000于实际应用场景中的方位的限定。在一些实施例中，电子设备1000的底端为设置有耳机孔、USB孔的端部，电子设备1000的顶端为与设置有耳机孔、USB孔的端部相对的另一端部。在一些实施例中，电子设备1000的短边为电子设备1000的顶端和底端所在的边，电子设备1000的长边或侧边为电子设备1000的连接于短边之间的边，也可为设置有音量调节按键等按键的侧边。
其中，本申请中的“连接”以及“电连接”，通常指的均是电性连接，且均包括了直接连接或间接连接。
请参阅图2，为本申请一实施例中的电子设备1000的天线结构的示意图。如图2所示，所述电子设备1000包括天线结构400。如图2所示，所述天线结构400包括第一辐射枝节41、第二辐射枝节42以及第一馈源S1。所述第一辐射枝节41包括两个接地点G1以及一第一馈电点K1，所述第一馈电点K1位于所述两个接地点G1之间，所述两个接地点G1用于接地，其中，所述第一辐射枝节41与所述两个接地点G1连接的地之间间隔而形成槽缝，所述第一辐射枝节41构成槽缝天线。所述第二辐射枝节42与所述第一辐射枝节41之间具有缝隙F1，所述第二辐射枝节42与所述第一辐射枝节41通过所述缝隙F1耦合。所述第一馈源S1与所述第一辐射枝节41的第一馈电点K1电连接，用于通过所述第一馈电点K1为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号，并通过所述缝隙F1将所述第一馈电信号耦合加载至所述第二辐射枝节42，使得所述第一辐射枝节41和所述第二辐射枝节42支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。
从而，本申请中，由于所述第一辐射枝节41构成槽缝天线，从而所述第一馈源S1为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号后产生的激励电流会在第一辐射枝节41与所述两个接地点G1连接的地之间的槽缝内流动，因此，用户握持对激励电流的影响较小，从而允许将所述第一辐射枝节41、第二辐射枝节42设置于所述电子设备1000的经常被用户握持的部位，而能够充分利用电子设备1000的空间，使得所述第一辐射枝节41的尺寸满足性能要求，另外，通过设置第二辐射枝节42进行耦合馈电，还可有效拓宽所述第一频段的频宽。
其中，所述第一辐射枝节41在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第一谐振频率，所述第二辐射枝节42在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第二谐振频率，所述第二谐振频率大于所述第一谐振频率，所述第一频段包括从第一谐振频率到第二谐振频率的频率范围段。
从而，通过两个辐射枝节分别进行谐振，且由于第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率较为接近，所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率附近以及所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率之间的频率均为谐振能量较大的频率，均具有较好的射频收发性能。因此，本申请的天线结构400可很好地支持该包括第一谐振频率至第二谐振频率的频率范围段的第一频段的电磁波信号的收发，有效拓宽频宽。其中，可通过预先根据第二谐振频率来设计所述第二辐射枝节42的长度，而使得所述第二辐射枝节42谐振在所述第二谐振频率。
请一并参阅图3，为所述天线结构400在所述第一馈源S1激励下产生的电磁波信号的输入回波损耗曲线的示意图。其中，图3中的横坐标为频率(单位为GHz)，纵坐标为输入回波损耗，也称为S参数(单位为dB)。其中，输入回波损耗为天线结构400发射的电磁波信号的反射系数，输入回波损耗越低，则信号的损耗越小，输入回波损耗的谷点对应的频率即为所述天线结构400工作时的谐振频率。
如图3所示，所述输入回波损耗曲线S11有两个谷点P1、P2，该两个谷点P1、P2对应的频率分别为1.17GHz以及1.27GHz，其中，所述谷点P1对应的频率1.17GHz为所述第一辐射枝节的谐振频率，即所述第一谐振频率，所述谷点P2对应的频率1.27GHz为所述第二辐射枝节的谐振频率，即所述第二谐振频率。
由此可见，所述天线结构400在第一馈源S1激励下产生的电磁波信号在所述为1.17GHz的第一谐振频率附近的输入回波损耗较低，在所述为1.27GHz的第二谐振频率附近的输入 回波损耗也较低，从而，所述天线结构400能够较好的工作在所述第一谐振频率以及所述第二谐振频率附近。
请一并参阅图4，为所述天线结构400在所述第一馈源S1激励下产生的电磁波信号的系统辐射效率曲线以及系统总效率曲线的示意图。其中，系统辐射效率曲线Sr1用于反映所述电磁波信号在各个频率处的辐射效率，所述系统总效率曲线St1为系统辐射效率曲线Sr1与输入回波损耗曲线S11的差值，即，所述系统总效率曲线St1在各个频率对应的值为所述系统辐射效率曲线Sr1在各个频率对应的值减去对应频率处的S参数值。
从图4可以看出，所述天线结构400在第一馈源S1激励下产生的电磁波信号的系统辐射效率曲线Sr1在1.17GHz到1.27GHz的频段内均相对较高，所述天线结构400在第一馈源S1激励下产生的电磁波信号的系统总效率曲线St1在1.17GHz到1.27GHz的频段内也均相对较高。从而，所述天线结构400在所述第一馈源S1激励下可很好的工作在1.17GHz到1.27GHz的频段内。
如前所述的，所述第一频段包括从第一谐振频率到第二谐振频率的频率范围段，因此，所述第一辐射枝节和所述第二辐射枝节可很好地支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。
其中，如图3-图4可以看出，略高于所述第二谐振频率以及略低于所述第一谐振频率的频率对应的S参数以及系统辐射效率、系统总效率也均较高，因此，所述第一频段也可覆盖略高于所述第二谐振频率以及略低于所述第一谐振频率的频率范围。
请返回参考图2，所述两个接地点G1包括第一接地点G11以及第二接地点G12，所述第一接地点G11设置于所述第一辐射枝节41的靠近第一端411的位置，所述第二接地点G12设置于所述第一辐射枝节41的靠近第二端412的位置，所述第一端411为所述第一辐射枝节41的远离所述第二辐射枝节42的端，所述第二端412为所述第一辐射枝节41的邻近所述第二辐射枝节42的端，所述天线结构400还包括第一匹配电路M1，所述第一接地点G11直接接地，所述第二接地点G12通过所述第一匹配电路M1接地。其中，所述第一接地点G11设置于所述第一辐射枝节41的靠近第一端411的位置，指的是所述第一接地点G11设置于所述第一辐射枝节41的第一端411或者所述第一端411的附近；所述第二接地点G12设置于所述第一辐射枝节41的靠近第二端412的位置，指的是所述第二接地点G12设置于所述第一辐射枝节41的第二端412或者所述第二端412的附近。
其中，本申请中，所述直接接地指的是不需要经过匹配电路接地。
从而，所述第二接地点G12通过所述第一匹配电路M1接地，可对所述第一辐射枝节41构成的槽缝天线的工作频率进行匹配调节，而能够使得所述第一辐射枝节41的谐振频率更准确地调节至所述第一谐振频率。
其中，图3所示的输入回波损耗曲线S11以及图4所示的系统辐射效率曲线Sr1以及系统总效率曲线St1，可均为在图2所示的前述天线结构400下进行仿真测试得出的曲线。
请参阅图5，为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节41形成的槽缝天线的示意图。如图5所示，具体的，所述第一接地点G11可通过第一连接件J1接地，所述第二接地点G12通过所述第一匹配电路M1以及第二连接件J2接地，从而，所述第一辐射枝节41的位于所述第一接地点G11以及第二接地点G12之间的部分，用于所述第一接地点G11与地GND连接的第一连接件J1、所述第一匹配电路M1以及所述第二连接件，以及所述地GND形成封闭 的环形槽缝C1，从而，形成所述槽缝天线。
其中，用于所述第一接地点G11与地GND连接的第一连接件J1可为导电线、PFC(柔性电路板)、金属弹片、焊锡等等结构，用于所述第一匹配电路M1与所述地GND连接的第二连接件J2也可为导电线、PFC(柔性电路板)、金属弹片、焊锡等等结构，且所述第一连接件J1和所述第二连接件J2可相同或不同。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件J1还可为从所述第一辐射枝节41的第一接地点G11项所述地GND延伸的延伸部，与所述第一辐射枝节41为一体结构，即，从所述第一辐射枝节41进行加工形成的。
其中，本申请中的地GND具体可为金属结构地或主板地。即，所述地GND可为金属结构加工形成的金属地结构，也可为所述电子设备1000中的主板上的整机地，例如，所述主板上的地区域或者接地层。其中，所述主板可为前述的电路板300。其中，所述金属地结构可处于可被用户握持的位置，而在用户握持时连通至大地，实现整机的最终接地。其中，所述主板地最终也为与所述金属结构地连接，而实现最终的接地。
请参阅图6，为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节41的电流分布示意图。具体的，图6为所述第一馈源S1为所述第一辐射枝节41提供馈电信号时，激励所述第一辐射枝节41产生的激励电流的电流分布图。如图6所示，在所述第一馈源S1为所述第一辐射枝节41提供馈电信号时，所述第一辐射枝节41的电流主要分布在前述的环形槽缝C1中，即，主要分布在所述第一辐射枝节41第一接地点G11以及第二接地点G12之间的部分以及对应的地GND部分。
在一些实施例中，所述第一接地点G11与所述第二接地点G12之间的距离为所述第一谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。其中，所述第一接地点G11与所述第二接地点G12之间的距离也即所述第一辐射枝节41的电长度，所述第一辐射枝节41的电长度对应所述第一辐射枝节41工作的频率为第一谐振频率的信号的半个周期，且该电场分布的波峰大致位于所述第一辐射枝节41的中间位置。
从电流分布来看，所述第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12为电流较大的两个点，所述第一辐射枝节41位于第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12之间的中点Z1为电流较小的点，其中，图6中颜色较深的点为电流较大的点，颜色较浅的点为电流较小的点。其中，在第一辐射枝节41上，电流为从所述中点Z1分别流向所述第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12，并在所述第一接地点G11到地GND后回流至所述地GND的与所述中点Z1的位置，以及在所述第二接地点G12到地GND后回流至与所述地GND的与所述中点Z1对应的位置。从而，通过稳定在上述电流分布状态，而可激荡产生(或接收)谐振频率为所述第一谐振频率的电磁波信号。
其中，如图6所示，所述馈电信号电流主要分布在所述第一辐射枝节41的靠近所述地GND的内侧以及所述地GND上，因此，在用户握持时，对所述电流的影响很小，从而，能够仍然保证所述第一辐射枝节41的射频收发性能。
请参阅图7，为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节41的电场分布示意图。如前所述，所述第一辐射枝节41的电长度对应所述第一辐射枝节41工作的频率为第一谐振频率的信号的半个周期，且该半个周期的波峰大致位于所述第一辐射枝节41的中间位置。即，实际 上，所述第一辐射枝节41位于第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12之间的部分对应了半个周期，且周期的波峰大致位于所述第一辐射枝节41的中间位置。其中，图7中的箭头的长度代表了电场的强度，箭头的长度越长，电场的强度越强。因此，从电场来看，所述第一辐射枝节41上的电场从所述第一接地点G11向所述中点Z1逐渐增大，又从所述中点Z1向所述第二接地点G12逐渐减小。
其中，从电场分布来看，由于所述电场主要也是分布在所述第一辐射枝节41和所述地GND之间，即，主要分布在所述电子设备1000的内侧，因此，在用户握持时，对所述电场的影响很小，从而，能够仍然保证所述第一辐射枝节41的射频收发性能。
其中，所述第一辐射枝节41位于第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12之间的中点Z1，为所述第一辐射枝节41上的位于第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12之间的、且与所述第一接地点G11以及所述第二接地点G12的距离相等的点。
在一些实施例中，所述第一匹配电路M1包括匹配电感。即，在一些实施例中，所述第一匹配电路M1包括的是电感，从而通过电感这一感抗元件实现进一步的调谐匹配，能有效确保所述第一辐射枝节41谐振在所述第一谐振频率。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，所述天线结构还包括第二匹配电路M2，所述第一馈源S1通过所述第二匹配电路M2与所述第一辐射枝节41的馈电点K1电连接。从而，通过所述第二匹配电路M2对所述第一馈源S1的馈电信号进行匹配调节，能进一步地使得所述第一辐射枝节41的谐振频率更准确地调节至所述第一谐振频率。
所述第二匹配电路包括多个匹配元件，所述多个匹配元件包括电感和电容中的至少一个。具体的，所述第二匹配电路包括的多个匹配元件组成匹配网络，从而，所述第二匹配电路包括由多个匹配元件组成的匹配网络，通过由多个匹配元件组成的匹配网络，能够实现更精确、更细致地调节。
其中，如图2所示，所述第二辐射枝节42为悬空设置，即并未接地也并未与其他馈源连接，所述第二辐射枝节42的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。即，在一些实施例中，在所述第二辐射枝节42为悬空设置时，所述第二辐射枝节42的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2，从而能够实现谐振在所述第二谐振频率。
请参阅图8，为本申请一实施例中的第一辐射枝节41与普通的IFA(inverted F antenna，倒F天线)天线在不同的握持情况下的系统总效率曲线图。其中，图8具体示意出了本申请中采用槽缝天线形式的第一辐射枝节41的天线结构被用户在左手握持的情况下的系统总效率曲线St2,中采用槽缝天线形式的第一辐射枝节41的天线结构被用户在右手握持的情况下的系统总效率曲线St3，现有中采用IFA天线的天线结构被用户在左手握持情况下的系统总效率曲线St4,以及现有中采用IFA天线的天线结构被用户在右手握持情况下的系统总效率曲线St5。
从图8可以看出，本申请中采用槽缝天线形式的第一辐射枝节41的天线结构被用户在左手握持以及右手握持的情况下的系统总效率，均明显优于现有中采用IFA天线的天线结构被用户在左手握持以及右手握持的情况下的系统总效率。
请参阅图9，为本申请一实施例中的第二辐射枝节42的电流分布示意图。其中，图8具体为所述第一馈源S1的第一馈电信号通过所述缝隙F1耦合至所述第二辐射枝节42，而 激励所述第二辐射枝节42产生的激励电流的电流分布示意图。
如图9所示，所述第二辐射枝节42的电流的值在所述第二辐射枝节42的中间部位较大，且所述第二辐射枝节42还能耦合对应位置的地GND产生反向电流。其中，所述第一馈源S1的第一馈电信号为交流信号，所述第二辐射枝节42的电流的方向根据所述第一馈电信号而周期性改变。从而，可有效激荡而谐振在前述的第二谐振频率，从而，本申请的天线结构400在包括前述的第一辐射枝节41及其相关馈源、接地结构之外，还进一步包括第二辐射枝节42，可有效拓宽频宽。
请参阅图10，为本申请一实施例中的天线结构在同时包括第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42的结构下以及在仅包括第一辐射枝节41的结构下的系统总效率曲线图。即，图10示意出了天线结构在同时包括第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42的结构下的系统总效率曲线St6，以及天线结构在仅包括第一辐射枝节41的结构下的系统总效率曲线St7。
如图10可以看出，所述系统总效率曲线St6在可工作的频段范围内的各个频率对应的系统总效率均明显高于所述系统总效率曲线St7中的系统总效率。因此，从系统总效率也可看出，在进一步包括第二辐射枝节42后，系统总效率明显提高，有效地提升了天线性能。
请参阅图10，为本申请一实施例中的天线结构400整体的电流分布示意图。其中，图10实际上即由前述的图6所示的第一辐射枝节41的电流分布图以及图9所示的第二辐射枝节42的电流分布图合并而成。
从图10可以看出，在第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42均有较大电流区域，从而，可有效激荡分别处于对应的第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率，而由于第二辐射枝节42为通过耦合馈电，因此，该两个谐振频率，即第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率较为接近，因此，所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率附近以及所述第一谐振频率以及第二谐振频率之间的频率均为谐振能量较大的频率，均具有较好的射频收发性能。因此，本申请的天线结构400可很好地支持该包括第一谐振频率至第二谐振频率的频率范围段的第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。
请参阅图11，为本申请另一些实施例中的天线结构的第一示例示意图。如图11所示，在另一些实施例中，所述第二辐射枝节42包括第二馈电点K2，所述天线结构400还包括第二馈源S2以及第三匹配电路M3，所述第二馈源S2通过所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2连接，并通过为所述第二辐射枝节42提供第二馈电信号，以激励所述第二辐射枝节工作在第二频段。
即，在一些实施例中，所述第二辐射枝节42还可额外与所述第二馈源S2连接，而在所述第二馈源S2提供的第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段，从而，所述第二辐射枝节42不但可以用来在所述第一馈电信号的激励工作在第一频段中的第二谐振频率及附近频率，而支持第一频段中的部分频率的电磁波信号的收发，还能在第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段而支持第二频段的电磁波信号的收发，有效地提升了所述多天线结构的频段，进一步拓宽了频宽。
在一些实施例中，所述第二频段与所述第一频段完全不重合，即，不具有相同的频率范围，从而，第一频段与所述第二频段不会互相干扰，所述第二辐射枝节42可以工作在第一频段中的部分频率，也可以同时工作在第二频段。
其中，所述第二馈源S2通过所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2连接，从而与所述第二辐射枝节42连接，而与所述第二辐射枝节42构成一“T”型天线。
其中，所述第三匹配电路M3也包括多个匹配元件，所述多个匹配元件包括电感和电容中的至少一个。具体的，所述多个匹配元件也组成匹配网络，从而，所述第三匹配电路M3可通过由多个匹配元件组成的匹配网络，实现更精确、更细致地调节。
其中，本申请中，所述第一馈电点K1可位于所述第一辐射枝节41上的所述第一接地点G11以及第二接地点G12之间的任意位置。所述第二馈电点K2可位于所述第二辐射枝节42上的任意位置。
请参阅图12，为本申请另一些实施例中的天线结构的第二示例示意图。其中，在如图12所示，在一些实施例中，所述天线结构还包括开关SW1，所述开关SW1连接于所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2之间，所述开关SW1用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时断开。其中，在本示例中，所述第二频段与所述第一频段部分重合。
即，在一些实施例中，所述第二频段与所述第一频段部分重合，所述天线结构还包括开关SW1，用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时断开，可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量，避免受到所述第二频段的干扰。
显然，在所述第二频段与所述第一频段完全不重合时，也可设置该开关SW1，并当所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时断开，从而，有效确保所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时，不会受到其他频段的串扰。
在一些实施例中，所述第二辐射枝节42的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。即，在一些实施例中，在所述第二辐射枝节42与所述第二馈源S2电连接时，所述第二辐射枝节42的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2，能够同时实现谐振在所述第二谐振频率，以及在所述第二馈源S2的第二馈电信号的激励下工作在第二频段。在本申请中，所述第二辐射枝节42的长度也可指的是电长度。
请参阅图13，为本申请一实施例中的所述第三匹配电路M3的具体结构示意图。如图13所示，所述第三匹配电路M3包括多个匹配元件M31以及至少一个匹配开关SW2。其中，所述多个匹配元件M31中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关SW2，所述匹配开关SW2用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时切换导通或断开状态，而调节所述第二辐射枝节42的工作频率。
其中，可通过切换所述匹配开关SW2的导通或断开状态，而可将所述第二辐射枝节42在所述第二馈源S2的激励下的工作频率调节为所述第二频段中的不与所述第一频段重合的频率，使得所述第二辐射枝节的工作频率与所述第一频段中的频率不同，也可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量。
其中，所述多个匹配元件M31可包括电感、电容等元件，且所述多个匹配元件M31并联电连接于所述第二馈源S2以及所述第二辐射枝节42之间。其中，当某一匹配元件M31与一匹配开关SW2串联时，所述匹配元件M31与该匹配开关SW2的串联支路与其他匹配元件M31或者其他串联支路并联电连接于所述第二馈源S2以及所述第二辐射枝节42之间。从而，通过切换所述匹配开关SW2的导通或断开状态，而可改变所述第三匹配电路M3中参与匹配调节的匹配元件M31的数量和/或类型，而可调节所述第二辐射枝节42在所述第二 馈源S2的激励下的工作频率。其中，切换导通或断开状态的所述匹配开关SW2可为所述至少一个匹配开关SW2中的部分或全部。
其中，如图13所示，所述至少一个匹配开关SW2的数量少于所述多个匹配元件M31的数量。显然，在其他实施例中，所述至少一个匹配开关SW2的数量也可等于所述多个匹配元件M31的数量，即，每个匹配元件M31串联有一匹配开关SW2。其中，所述至少一个匹配开关SW2的数量等于所述多个匹配元件M31的数量时，切换所述匹配开关SW2的导通或断开状态后，至少有一个匹配开关SW2处于导通状态。
请一并参阅图14，为本申请另一些实施例中的第二馈源S2与所述第二辐射枝节42连接的整体结构示意图。
在另一些实施例中，所述天线结构包括开关SW1，所述开关SW1连接于所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2之间，同时，所述第三匹配电路M3包括多个匹配元件M31以及至少一个匹配开关SW2。其中，所述多个匹配元件M31中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关SW2。
在另一些实施例中，所述开关SW1用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第一阈值时断开，所述匹配开关SW2用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第二阈值且小于第一阈值时切换导通或断开状态。其中，所述第二阈值小于所述第一阈值。
即，在另一些实施例中，可根据所述第一频段受到的干扰程度来控制所述开关SW1或者控制所述匹配开关SW2。其中，当所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第一阈值时，说明此时的干扰较大，可直接通过控制所述开关SW1断开，而使得所述第二馈源S2的馈电路径断开，能够有效避免对第一频段造成干扰。而当所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第二阈值且小于第一阈值时，控制所述匹配开关SW2切换导通或断开状态，从而，可调节所述第二辐射枝节42在所述第二馈源S2的激励下的工作频率调节为所述第二频段中的不与所述第一频段重合的频率，使得所述第二辐射枝节的工作频率与所述第一频段中的频率不同，也可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量。且此时，保持了所述第二馈源S2对所述第二辐射枝节42激励的频率，能够有效拓宽频宽。
其中，本申请中，所述匹配开关SW2切换导通或断开状态指的是，所述匹配开关SW2当前处于导通状态时，切换至断开状态，当前处于断开状态时，则切换至导通状态。
请参阅图15，为本申请再一些实施例中的天线结构的示意图。如图15所示，在一些实施例中，所述第二辐射枝节42包括一第三接地点G2，所述第三接地点G2用于接地，所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点G2与所述缝隙F1之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4。
即，在一些实施例中，所述第二辐射枝节42可通过第三接地点G2接地，此时，只要所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点G2与所述缝隙F1之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4即可，因此，可通过设置所述第三接地点G2来接地，可有效缩短所述第二辐射枝节42的长度，节约空间。在本申请中，所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点G2与所述缝隙F1之间部分的长度也可指的是电长度。
其中，由于所述第一馈源S1产生的第一馈电信号通过所述缝隙F1耦合至所述第二辐射枝节42后，激励所述第二辐射枝节42产生的激励电流还会通过所述第三接地点G2到地GND后继续回流一定距离，而该距离大致相当于所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4，因此，可以使得所述第二辐射枝节42通过第三接地点G2接地后的整体的长度/电长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2，而仍然能够很好的谐振在所述第二谐振频率。
其中，所述第三接地点G2也可通过导电线、FPC、金属弹片、焊锡等连接件与地GND连接而接地。
在一些实施例中，本申请中的所述第一频段包括GPSL 5频段。即，本申请，通过该包括第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42的天线结构400，具体可实现包括GPS L5频段在内的频段的电磁波信号的收发。
现有中，由于GPS L5频段的天线所需要的尺寸较大，因此，如果通过和其他天线一起设置在电子设备的靠近顶端的上半部分，则由于净空区域较小而天线较多的原因，往往不能做到所需要的尺寸，从而往往会使得天线性能收到影响。本申请中，由于所述第一辐射枝节41构成槽缝天线，从而所述第一馈源S1为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号后产生的激励电流会在第一辐射枝节41与所述两个接地点G1连接的地之间的槽缝内流动，因此，用户握持对激励电流的影响较小，从而允许将实现GPS L5频段的天线结构400设置于所述电子设备1000的经常被用户握持的部位，而满足GPS L5频段所需要的天线尺寸要求，提升性能。
请返回参阅图2，其中，所述电子设备1000包括顶端D1、底端D2以及位于所述顶端D1和底端D2之间的侧边B1，如图2所示，所述第一辐射枝节41设置于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1，所述第二辐射枝节42延伸设置于所述电子设备1000的所述侧边B1以及所述底端D2，且所述第二辐射枝节42相对所述第一辐射枝节41远离所述顶端D1。即，当所述天线结构400安装于所述电子设备1000中时，所述第一辐射枝节41设置于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1，所述第二辐射枝节42延伸设置于所述电子设备1000的设置有所述第一辐射枝节41的所述侧边B1以及所述底端D2。也即，所述第二辐射枝节42的部分设置于所述设置有所述第一辐射枝节41的所述侧边B1，另一部分设置于所述底端D2。
从而，所述第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42设置于电子设备1000的侧边B1以及设置于所述侧边靠近所述底端D2的部分以及所述底端D2，由于电子设备1000的侧边B1的靠近底端D2的部分以及底端D2，通常为所述电子设备1000的经常被用户握持的部位。因此，本申请通过将所述第一辐射枝节41设置于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1，以及将所述第二辐射枝节42延伸设置于所述电子设备1000的所述侧边B1以及所述底端D2，即为将所述第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42设置于所述电子设备1000的经常被用户握持的部位，而通过本申请的天线结构400，允许其设置于该些经常被用户握持的部位，从而，可充分利用该些空间，满足辐射枝节的尺寸要求，且不会使得天线性能因为受到用户握持而受到影响。
其中，如图2所示，所述第一辐射枝节41和第二辐射枝节42之间的缝隙F1开设于所述侧边B1。显然，在其他实施例中，所述第一辐射枝节41和第二辐射枝节42之间的缝隙F1也可开设于所述底端D2，在其他实施例中，所述第一辐射枝节41可延伸至靠近所述底 端D2的位置，所述第二辐射枝节42可全部设置于所述底端D2。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，所述第一辐射枝节41位于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1且与所述电子设备1000的顶端具有预设距离，所述第一辐射枝节41为长条形，所述第二辐射枝节42包括第一子枝节421以及第二子枝节422，所述第一子枝节421与所述第二子枝节422呈夹角设置，所述第一子枝节421邻近所述第一辐射枝节41而与所述第一辐射枝节41之间具有所述缝隙F1，且所述第一子枝节421与所述第一辐射枝节41平行，所述第二辐射枝节42的第一子枝节421位于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1的靠近所述底端D2的位置，所述第二辐射枝节42的第二子枝节422位于所述电子设备1000的底端D2。即，当所述天线结构400安装于所述电子设备1000中时，所述第一辐射枝节41位于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1，所述第二辐射枝节42的第一子枝节421位于所述电子设备1000的侧边B1的靠近所述底端D2的位置，所述第二辐射枝节42的第二子枝节422位于所述电子设备1000的底端D2。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，所述第一子枝节421与所述第二子枝节422分别位于侧边B1以及底端D2，大致垂直，所述第一子枝节421与所述第二子枝节422的夹角大致为90度，其中，如图2所示，所述第一子枝节421与所述第二子枝节422呈弧形过渡连接。
其中，所述第一辐射枝节41与所述电子设备1000的顶端之间的预设距离可为所述电子设备1000的侧边B1的长度的1/5-1/2中的值。
在一些实施例中，所述第一辐射枝节41具体可设置于所述侧边B1的中间的位置，即，所述第一辐射枝节41与所述顶端D1以及所述底端D2的距离可大致相等。
从而，通过上述结构，可以充分利用原本不会设置天线的侧边以及底端位置来设置天线结构，充分利用电子设备1000的空间，且天线性能并不会受到用户握持的影响，有效提升天线性能。
其中，图2及图11-图13等均为从所述电子设备1000的背面观看，即，从背离所述显示模组200的一面观看的示意出天线结构400的内部结构示意图，也即，从所述电子设备1000的后盖120一侧观看的示意出天线结构400的内部结构示意图。
请一并参阅图16以及图17，分别为所述电子设备1000在左手握持状态下的示意图以及在右手握持状态下的示意图。其中，图16和图17为从所述电子设备1000的正面观看，即，从所述显示模组200的一面观看的示意图。
其中，如图16以及图17所示，在所述电子设备1000在被用户的左手握持下的左手握持状态下，以及被用户的右手握持下的右手握持状态下，所述天线结构的第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42均有部分被用户握持到。即，所述第一辐射枝节41以及第二辐射枝节42可设置于所述电子设备1000的经常被用户握持的部位。而通过前述的结构，可以充分利用原本不会设置天线的侧边以及底端位置来设置天线结构，充分利用电子设备1000的空间，且天线性能并不会受到用户握持的影响，有效提升天线性能。
其中，图16以及图17所示的电子设备1000的结构中，还示意出了地GND，如前所述的，所述地GND可为金属地结构，或者主板上的地区域或者主板的接地层，其中，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42与所述地GND之间具有空隙X1。所述第一辐射枝节41可通过前述的第一连接件J1以及第二连接件J2与所述地GND连接而接地。所述第二 辐射枝节42可与所述地GND连接而接地或者不接地而处于悬空状态。
其中，本申请的第一频段中所需要的频段部分主要可由所述第一辐射枝节41来提供，从而，例如，前述的GPS L5频段，可主要为所述第一辐射枝节41支持的第一谐振频率附近的频率范围段，所述第二辐射枝节42是为了进一步拓宽频宽，因此，虽然所述第二辐射枝节42并非为槽缝天线，但从图16以及图17可以看出，所述第二辐射枝节42并未因为握持而被完全遮挡，相比未设置所述第二辐射枝节42，还是能够有效拓宽频款，提升天线性能。
其中，前述的图2、图11-图13，以及图16-图17中，示意出的为所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42设置于所述电子设备1000的右侧边以及底端D2，即，设置于从所述电子设备1000的显示模组200侧观看的右侧边以及底端D2。如图2等所述，所述电子设备1000还包括侧边按键500，所述侧边按键500设置有所述电子设备1000的侧边，特别的设置于所述电子设备1000的显示模组200侧观看的右侧边。因此，换句话说，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42即为设置在该设置有侧边按键500的侧边B1以及底端D2。
显然，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42也可设置于所述电子设备1000的左侧边以及底端D2，即，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42也可设置于所述电子设备1000的未设置侧边按键500的侧边B1以及底端D2。
在一些实施例中，所述电子设备1000的边框110(如图1所示)为金属边框，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42为所述电子设备1000的金属边框通过开设缝隙而形成的两个金属边框段。
其中，请返回参阅图2，当所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42为所述电子设备1000的金属边框通过开设缝隙而形成的两个金属边框段时，所述金属边框上除了开设该位于所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42之间的缝隙F1之外，还开设有缝隙F2以及缝隙F3，其中，所述缝隙F2开设于所述第一辐射枝节41的第一端411的位置，而将所述第一辐射枝节41和金属边框的其他部分隔离，所述缝隙F3开设于所述第二辐射枝节42的远离所述缝隙F1的一端，而将所述第二辐射枝节42也与所述金属边框的其他部分隔离。
从而，通过共用所述金属边框作为辐射体，可节省成本，且由于无需额外设置辐射体，可进一步节省空间。
在其他实施例中，所述电子设备1000的边框为非金属边框，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42为设置于所述电子设备1000的边框中的金属段。
即，在其他实施例中，所述电子设备1000的边框110也可为塑胶、塑料、陶瓷等非金属的导电性能较低的边框。所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42则为设置于所述电子设备1000的边框中的金属段。
其中，所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42可为嵌设于所述电子设备1000的边框中，或者设置于所述电子设备1000的边框的内侧面上。
从而，在一些实施例中，所述电子设备1000的边框也可为塑胶、塑料、陶瓷等非金属的导电性能较低的边框，还能进一步降低用户握持对所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐 射枝节42等的影响。
其中，本申请中，所述位于所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42之间的缝隙F1的宽度可为0.5mm(毫米)-1.5mm之间的值，其中，所述缝隙F1的宽度即为所述第一辐射枝节41以及所述第二辐射枝节42的间隔距离。
从而，本申请的天线结构400和电子设备1000，能够允许将天线结构400的辐射枝节设置于经常被用户握持的部位，且天线性能不会受到用户握持的影响，可有效利用电子设备1000的空间来设置较大尺寸的辐射枝节，有效提升天线性能。
请参阅图18，为本申请一些实施例中的电子设备1000的结构框图。如图16所示，所述电子设备1000包括前述的天线结构400，还包括控制器600。
在一些实施例中，在所述第二辐射枝节42包括第二馈电点K2，所述天线结构400还包括第二馈源S2以及第三匹配电路M3，所述第二馈源S2通过所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2连接，并通过为所述第二辐射枝节42提供第二馈电信号，以激励所述第二辐射枝节工作在第二频段，以及所述天线结构还包括开关SW1，所述开关SW1连接于所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2之间时。所述控制器600还与所述开关SW1连接，用于控制所述开关SW1在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时断开，以及在所述天线结构400并未工作在所述第一频段时，控制所述开关SW1导通。
在一些实施例中，在所述第三匹配电路M3包括多个匹配元件M31以及至少一个匹配开关SW2，所述多个匹配元件M31中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关SW2时。所述控制器600还与所述至少一个匹配开关SW2连接，所述控制器600用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段时切换所述匹配开关SW2的导通或断开状态，而调节所述第二辐射枝节42的工作频率。从而，可通过切换所述匹配开关SW2的导通或断开状态，而可将所述第二辐射枝节42在所述第二馈源S2的激励下的工作频率调节为所述第二频段中的不与所述第一频段重合的频率，使得所述第二辐射枝节的工作频率与所述第一频段中的频率不同，也可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量。
在一些实施例中，所述天线结构包括开关SW1，所述开关SW1连接于所述第三匹配电路M3与所述第二馈电点K2之间，同时，所述第三匹配电路M3包括多个匹配元件M31以及至少一个匹配开关SW2，所述多个匹配元件M31中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关SW2时。所述控制器600与所述开关SW1以及所述至少一个匹配开关SW2均连接。所述控制器600还用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第一阈值时控制所述开关SW1断开，以及用于在所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第二阈值且小于第一阈值时，控制切换所述匹配开关SW2的导通或断开状态。其中，所述第二阈值小于所述第一阈值。
即，在另一些实施例中，所述控制器600可根据所述第一频段受到的干扰程度来控制所述开关SW1或者控制所述匹配开关SW2。其中，当所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第一阈值时，说明此时的干扰较大，所述控制器600可直接通过控制所述开关SW1断开，而使得所述第二馈源S2的馈电路径断开，能够有效避免对第一频段造成干扰。而当所述天线结构400工作在第一频段，且所述第一频段受到的干扰大于第二阈值且小于第一阈值时，所述控制器600控制所述匹配开关SW2切换导通或断开 状态，从而，可调节所述第二辐射枝节42在所述第二馈源S2的激励下的工作频率调节为所述第二频段中的不与所述第一频段重合的频率，使得所述第二辐射枝节的工作频率与所述第一频段中的频率不同，也可有效保证第一频段的电磁波信号的质量。且此时，保持了所述第二馈源S2对所述第二辐射枝节42激励的频率，能够有效拓宽频宽。
其中，所述开关SW1、所述至少一个匹配开关SW2可为MOS管，三极管等晶体管。
其中，所述控制器600还可用于执行其他的控制功能，在此不再赘述。其中，所述控制器600可为单片机、数字信号处理器、中央处理器等等。
本申请的天线结构400和电子设备1000，能够允许将天线结构400的辐射枝节设置于经常被用户握持的部位，且天线性能不会受到用户握持的影响，可有效利用电子设备1000的空间来设置较大尺寸的辐射枝节，有效提升天线性能。
本文参照了各种示范实施例进行说明。然而，本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不脱离本文范围的情况下，可以对示范性实施例做出改变和修正。例如，各种操作步骤以及用于执行操作步骤的组件，可以根据特定的应用或考虑与系统的操作相关联的任何数量的成本函数以不同的方式实现(例如一个或多个步骤可以被删除、修改或结合到其他步骤中)。
另外，如本领域技术人员所理解的，本文的原理可以反映在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序产品中，该可读存储介质预装有计算机可读程序代码，即程序指令。任何有形的、非暂时性的计算机可读存储介质皆可被使用，包括磁存储设备(硬盘、软盘等)、光学存储设备(CD-ROM、DVD、Bl u Ray盘等)、闪存和/或诸如此类。这些计算机程序指令可被加载到通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上以形成机器，使得这些在计算机上或其他可编程数据处理装置上执行的指令可以生成实现指定的功能的装置。这些计算机程序指令也可以存储在计算机可读存储器中，该计算机可读存储器可以指示计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定的方式运行，这样存储在计算机可读存储器中的指令就可以形成一件制造品，包括实现指定功能的实现装置。计算机程序指令也可以加载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生一个计算机实现的进程，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令可以提供用于实现指定功能的步骤。
以上描述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内；在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种天线结构，其特征在于，包括：
    第一辐射枝节，所述第一辐射枝节包括两个接地点以及一第一馈电点，所述第一馈电点位于所述两个接地点之间，所述两个接地点用于接地，其中，所述第一辐射枝节与所述两个接地点连接的地之间间隔而形成槽缝，所述第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线；
    第二辐射枝节，与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有缝隙，所述第二辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节通过所述缝隙耦合；
    第一馈源，与所述第一辐射枝节的第一馈电点电连接，用于通过所述第一馈电点为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号，并通过所述缝隙将所述第一馈电信号耦合加载至所述第二辐射枝节，使得所述第一辐射枝节和所述第二辐射枝节支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第一谐振频率，所述第二辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第二谐振频率，所述第二谐振频率大于所述第一谐振频率，所述第一频段包括从第一谐振频率到第二谐振频率的频率范围段。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述两个接地点包括第一接地点以及第二接地点，所述第一接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的靠近第一端的位置，所述第二接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的靠近第二端的位置，所述第一端为所述第一辐射枝节的远离所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述第二端为所述第一辐射枝节的邻近所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述天线结构还包括第一匹配电路，所述第一接地点直接接地，所述第二接地点通过所述第一匹配电路接地。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一匹配电路包括匹配电感。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线结构还包括第二匹配电路，所述第一馈源通过所述第二匹配电路与所述第一辐射枝节的馈电点电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二匹配电路包括多个匹配元件，所述多个匹配元件包括电感和电容中的至少一个。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二辐射枝节包括第二馈电点，所述天线结构还包括第二馈源以及第三匹配电路，所述第二馈源通过所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点连接，并通过为所述第二辐射枝节提供第二馈电信号，以激励所述第二辐射枝节工作在第二频段。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线结构还包括开关，所述开关连接于所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点之间，所述开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时断开。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第三匹配电路包括多个匹配元件以及至少一个匹配开关，所述多个匹配元件中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关，所述匹配开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时切换导通或断开状态，而调节所述第二辐射枝节在所述第二馈源的激励下的工作频率。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二辐射枝节的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二辐射枝节包括一第三接地点，所述第三接地点用于接地，所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点与所述缝隙之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一频段为GPS L5频段。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线结构应用于一电子设备中，所述电子设备包括顶端、底端以及位于所述顶端和底端之间的侧边，当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第一辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节延伸设置于所述电子设备的所述侧边以及所述底端，且所述第二辐射枝节相对所述第一辐射枝节远离所述电子设备的顶端。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边且与所述电子设备的顶端具有预设距离，所述第一辐射枝节为长条形，所述第二辐射枝节包括第一子枝节以及第二子枝节，所述第一子枝节与所述第二子枝节呈夹角设置，所述第一子枝节邻近所述第一辐射枝节而与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有所述缝隙，且所述第一子枝节与所述第一辐射枝节平行，当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节的第一子枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边的靠近所述底端的位置，所述第二辐射枝节的第二子枝节位于所述电子设备的底端。
  15. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括如权利要求1-14任一项所述的天线结构。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括顶端、底端以及位于所述顶端和底端之间的侧边，所述第一辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节延伸设置于所述电子设备的侧边以及所述底端。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备的边框为金属边框，所述第一辐射枝节以及所述第二辐射枝节为所述电子设备的金属边框通过开设缝隙而形成的两个金属边框段。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备的边框为非金属边框，所述第一辐射枝节以及所述第二辐射枝节为设置于所述电子设备的边框中的金属段。
  19. 一种天线结构，其特征在于，包括：
    第一辐射枝节，所述第一辐射枝节包括两个接地点以及一第一馈电点，所述第一馈电点位于所述两个接地点之间，所述两个接地点用于接地，其中，所述第一辐射枝节与所述两个接地点连接的地之间间隔而形成槽缝，所述第一辐射枝节构成槽缝天线；
    第二辐射枝节，与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有缝隙，所述第二辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节通过所述缝隙耦合；
    第一馈源，与所述第一辐射枝节的第一馈电点电连接，用于通过所述第一馈电点为所述第一辐射枝节提供第一馈电信号，并通过所述缝隙将所述第一馈电信号耦合加载至所述第二辐射枝节，使得所述第一辐射枝节和所述第二辐射枝节支持第一频段的电磁波信号的收发；
    所述两个接地点包括第一接地点以及第二接地点，所述第一接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的靠近第一端的位置，所述第二接地点设置于所述第一辐射枝节的靠近第二端的位置，所述第一端为所述第一辐射枝节的远离所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述第二端为所述第一辐射枝节的邻近所述第二辐射枝节的端，所述天线结构还包括第一匹配电路，所述第一接地点直接接地，所述第二接地点通过所述第一匹配电路接地，在所述第一辐射枝节上，从所述第二接地点至所述第二端，电流变小，电场增强，以使所述缝隙位置处的电场强度大于所述第二接地点的位置的电场强度；当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第一辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节延伸设置于所述电子设备的侧边以及所述底端。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第一谐振频率，所述第二辐射枝节在所述第一馈电信号的激励下工作的谐振频率为第二谐振频率，所述第二谐振频率大于所述第一谐振频率，所述第一频段包括从第一谐振频率到第二谐振频率的频率范围段。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一匹配电路包括匹配电感。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线结构还包括第二匹配电路，所述第一馈源通过所述第二匹配电路与所述第一辐射枝节的馈电点电连接。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二匹配电路包括多个匹配元件，所述多个匹配元件包括电感和电容中的至少一个。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二辐射枝节包括第二馈电点，所述天线结构还包括第二馈源以及第三匹配电路，所述第二馈源通过所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点连接，并通过为所述第二辐射枝节提供第二馈电信号，以激励所述第二辐射枝节工作在第二频段。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线结构还包括开关，所述开关连接于所述第三匹配电路与所述第二馈电点之间，所述开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时断开。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第三匹配电路包括多个匹配元件以及至少一个匹配开关，所述多个匹配元件中的至少一个串联有一匹配开关，所述匹配开关用于在所述天线结构工作在第一频段时切换导通或断开状态，而调节所述第二辐射枝节在所述第二馈源的激励下的工作频率。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二辐射枝节的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/2。
  28. 根据权利要求20所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二辐射枝节包括一第三接地点，所述第三接地点用于接地，所述第二辐射枝节的位于所述第三接地点与所述缝隙之间部分的长度为所述第二谐振频率对应的波长的1/4。
  29. 根据权利要求19所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一频段为GPS L5频段。
  30. 根据权利要求19-29任一项所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线结构应用于一电子设备中，所述电子设备包括顶端、底端以及位于所述顶端和底端之间的侧边，当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第一辐射枝节设置于所述电子设备的侧边，所述第二辐射枝节延伸设置于所述电子设备的所述侧边以及所述底端，且所述第二辐射枝节相对所述第一辐射枝节远离所述电子设备的顶端。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一辐射枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边且与所述电子设备的顶端具有预设距离，所述第一辐射枝节为长条形，所述第二辐射枝节包括第一子枝节以及第二子枝节，所述第一子枝节与所述第二子枝节呈夹角设置，所述第一子枝节邻近所述第一辐射枝节而与所述第一辐射枝节之间具有所述缝隙，且所述第一子枝节与所述第一辐射枝节平行，当所述天线结构安装于所述电子设备中时，所述第二辐射枝节的第一子枝节位于所述电子设备的侧边的靠近所述底端的位置，所述第二辐射枝节的第二子枝节位于所述电子设备的底端。
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