WO2024021901A1 - 起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械 - Google Patents

起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021901A1
WO2024021901A1 PCT/CN2023/099150 CN2023099150W WO2024021901A1 WO 2024021901 A1 WO2024021901 A1 WO 2024021901A1 CN 2023099150 W CN2023099150 W CN 2023099150W WO 2024021901 A1 WO2024021901 A1 WO 2024021901A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
transition
section
telescopic
boom
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/099150
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋佩
何喜东
权哲奎
Original Assignee
浙江三一装备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 浙江三一装备有限公司 filed Critical 浙江三一装备有限公司
Priority to DE112023000288.6T priority Critical patent/DE112023000288T5/de
Publication of WO2024021901A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021901A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/66—Outer or upper end constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/705—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C2700/00—Cranes
    • B66C2700/03—Cranes with arms or jibs; Multiple cranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of lifting equipment, and in particular to a crane boom head, a lifting arm and a lifting machinery.
  • Crane refers to a multi-action lifting machinery that can lift vertically and carry heavy objects horizontally within a certain range.
  • Telescopic boom crane includes chassis, boom, hoisting mechanism, luffing mechanism and slewing mechanism.
  • the number of telescopic booms and arm length of the crane purchased by the customer are fixed values.
  • the boom needs to be replaced as a whole. In this way, the boom is replaced as a whole.
  • the cost of increasing the boom length is high, and the replaced old boom cannot be reused, resulting in a waste of resources.
  • the present invention provides a crane boom head, lifting arm and lifting machinery to solve the defects of high cost and waste of resources caused by the telescopic boom crane in the prior art by replacing the lifting arm as a whole to increase the arm length, and realize On the basis of the existing boom, a telescopic boom is directly added to increase the boom length.
  • the invention provides a crane arm head, which includes: an arm head, the arm head includes an arm head body and a connecting arm, the connecting arm is connected to the tail end of the arm head body; m-section transition arm, wherein, m is greater than or equal to 1, and when m is greater than or equal to 2, the transition section arm described in section m They are nested in sequence; the connecting arm is nested in the transition arm described in section m, and the transition arm described in the first section is used to be nested in the last telescopic section arm of the boom; the connection A snap-in structure is provided between the arm and the transition arm of the mth section, between the transition arms of two adjacent sections, and between the transition arm of the first section and the telescopic section arm of the last section. .
  • the clamping structure includes a telescopic arm pin and an arm pin hole, and the arm pin is provided on the outside of the connecting arm and the transition section arm.
  • the arm pin hole is provided on the inner side of the joint arm, and the connecting arm is connected with the transition joint arm of the mth joint, the two adjacent transition joint arms, and the transition joint arm of the first joint with the transition joint arm of the last joint.
  • the telescopic joint arms are locked and unlocked through the cooperation of the arm pin and the arm pin hole.
  • a telescopic driving device is provided between the arm pin and the connecting arm and between the arm pin and the transition arm, and the telescopic driving device is used to drive the The arm pin goes in and out of the arm pin hole.
  • the arm pin provided on the connecting arm is located at the tail end of the connecting arm, and the arm pin provided on the transition section arm is located at the tail end of the transition section arm.
  • the arm pin hole is located on the front side of the transition arm where the arm pin is disposed.
  • the number of the transition joint arms is one or two.
  • the present invention also provides a lifting arm, which includes a telescopic arm and a crane arm head as described in any one of the above.
  • the first transition section arm of the crane arm head is nested in the last telescopic section of the telescopic arm. Inside the head end of the joint arm.
  • the telescopic arm includes a basic arm, at least one telescopic joint arm and a telescopic oil cylinder.
  • the telescopic joint arm is arranged in the basic arm, and the cylinder rod of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the telescopic oil cylinder.
  • the inner tail end of the basic arm is connected, a telescopic cylinder pin is provided on the outer side of the cylinder barrel of the telescopic oil cylinder, and a telescopic cylinder pin is provided on the inner side of the tail end of the telescopic joint arm to match the cylinder pin. Connect the cylinder pin hole.
  • At least two arm pin holes are provided on the telescopic joint arm along the longitudinal direction of the telescopic joint arm.
  • the present invention also provides a hoisting machinery, including a crane boom head as described in any one of the above items or a lifting arm as described in any of the above items.
  • the crane boom head provided by the present invention includes a boom head and an m-section transition section arm, where m is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the arm head includes an arm head main body and a connecting arm, and the head end of the connecting arm is connected to the tail end of the arm head main body.
  • m is greater than or equal to 2
  • the m-section transition arm is nested in sequence.
  • the connecting arm is nested inside the m-th transition arm.
  • the first transition arm is used to nest in the last section of the boom.
  • the inside of the telescopic arm In this way, the connection between the boom head and the boom is completed through the transition joint arm.
  • a snap-in structure is provided between the connecting arm and the mth transition arm, between two adjacent transition arms, and between the first transition arm and the last telescopic arm.
  • the telescopic joint arms are increased and the arm length of the boom is increased.
  • the above-mentioned M-section transition arm can be replaced with a telescopic arm with the same cross-section as the corresponding transition arm, so as to increase the telescopic arm without replacing the existing boom, thereby extending the length of the crane.
  • the effect of jib length Compared with the method of replacing the entire lifting arm and extending the arm length, this method of extending the arm length greatly saves costs and reduces the waste of resources.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the arm head provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the transition arm provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the arm head and the transition arm provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the third telescopic section arm provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the boom head provided by the present invention through one transition section arm and the third section telescopic section arm;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the basic arm and the first two telescopic sections provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the arm head provided by the present invention and a telescopic arm provided with three telescopic joint arms through one transition joint arm;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the arm head provided by the present invention being directly connected to the added fourth telescopic section arm;
  • Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the arm head provided by the present invention being directly connected to the telescopic arm through the added fourth telescopic section arm;
  • Figure 10 is a comparison view of the lengths of the transition arm provided by the present invention and the telescopic arm used to replace the transition arm;
  • Figure 11 is a side view of the transition joint arm provided by the present invention and the telescopic joint arm used to replace the transition joint arm;
  • the telescopic joint arm 320 connected to the basic arm 310 is the first telescopic joint arm 320, and in the direction away from the basic arm 310, there are the second telescopic joint arm 320 in sequence.
  • the third telescopic section arm 320,..., the nth telescopic section arm 320, for the transition section arm 130, the transition section arm 130 connected to the last section of the telescopic section arm 320 is the first section transition section arm 130, along the In the direction away from the telescopic joint arm 320, there are the second transition joint arm 130, the third transition joint arm 130, ..., and the m-th transition joint arm 130 in order.
  • the end close to the chassis is the tail end; the end far away from the chassis, or the end close to the arm head body 110 is the head end.
  • the present invention provides a crane boom head, which includes a boom head and an m-section transition arm 130.
  • the arm head includes an arm head body 110 and a connecting arm 120.
  • the head end of the connecting arm 120 is connected to the tail end of the arm head body 110.
  • m is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the m-section transition arms 130 are nested in sequence, and two adjacent transition section arms 130 are detachably connected through a snap-in structure.
  • the connecting arm 120 is nested inside the m-th transition arm 130, and the connecting arm 120 and the m-th transition arm 130 are detachably connected through a snap-in structure.
  • the first transition section arm 130 is nested in the last section of the telescopic section arm 320, and the first section of the transition section arm 130 and the last section of the telescopic section arm 320 are detachably connected through a snap-in structure.
  • the above-mentioned transition joint arm 130 has the same cross-sectional shape and size as the existing telescopic joint arm 320 , but is shorter than the telescopic joint arm 320 in length.
  • the outermost transition joint arm 130 can be disassembled.
  • the extension of the arm length can be completed by replacing the normal telescopic arm 320 with the same cross-sectional shape and size as the transition arm 130 .
  • a telescopic joint arm 320 with the same cross-sectional shape and size as the first transition joint arm 130, which can be called the n+1th telescopic joint arm 320.
  • the end is inserted through the head end of the nth telescopic section arm 320 to lock the snap-in structure between the two telescopic section arms 320 .
  • the second transition section arm 130 can be replaced with a telescopic section arm having the same cross-sectional shape and size as the second section transition section arm 130 according to the above operation process. 320 is enough.
  • transition joint arm 130 can be replaced layer by layer with a telescopic joint arm 320 that has the same cross-sectional shape and size as the corresponding transition joint arm 130, so as to complete the overall lifting without replacing the original lifting arm. Arm length extension.
  • the telescopic method of the boom includes at least a single cylinder and a rope row synchronous telescopic method. type, multi-cylinder telescopic method, and single-cylinder latch telescopic method.
  • the crane arm head provided by the present invention is suitable for the single-cylinder latch telescopic method.
  • an arm pin 210 and an arm pin hole 220 are provided between the telescopic joint arms 320 of the boom. Therefore, the arm pin 210 and the arm pin can be provided on the transition joint arm 130
  • the hole 220 serves as a snap-in structure to realize the detachable connection between the transition arm 130, the detachable connection between the connecting arm 120 and the transition arm 130, and the connection between the transition arm 130 and the telescopic arm 320 of the boom. detachable connection.
  • the snap-in structure includes the above-mentioned arm pin 210 and arm pin hole 220.
  • Arm pins 210 are provided outside the connecting arm 120 and the transition arm 130 .
  • the preferred embodiment is that the arm pin 210 located outside the connecting arm 120 is provided at the tail end of the connecting arm 120 , and the arm pin 210 located outside the transition arm 130 The arm pin 210 is provided at the tail end of the transition arm 130.
  • a telescopic driving device can be provided at a position corresponding to the arm pin 210 inside the connecting arm 120 and at a position corresponding to the arm pin 210 inside the transition arm 130. The telescopic driving device It is used to drive the arm pin 210 to telescope.
  • the above-mentioned telescopic driving device may be a telescopic oil cylinder.
  • a spring or other telescopic device such as an electric push rod may be used instead of the telescopic oil cylinder to drive the arm pin 210 for telescopic operation.
  • the arm pin hole 220 located on the transition arm 130 is provided on the front side of the arm pin 210 , and the shape and size of the arm pin hole 220 is the same as the shape and size of the cross section of the arm pin 210 .
  • the arm pin 210 on the m-th transition arm 130 is retracted, and the m-th transition arm 130 is inserted into the m-1 transition arm 130.
  • the arm pin 210 on the m-th transition arm 130 When aligned with the arm pin hole 220 of the m-1th transition section arm 130, the m-th The arm pin 210 on the transition joint arm 130 extends and is inserted into the arm pin hole 220 of the m-1 transition joint arm 130, completing the m-th transition joint arm 130 and the m-1 transition joint arm 130. Connection.
  • the arm pin 210 of the first transition section arm 130 is retracted, and the first section transition section arm 130 is inserted into the inside of the last telescopic section arm 320 of the boom.
  • the arm pin 210 on the first transition section arm 130 is extended and inserted into the arm pin hole 220 to complete the first transition arm. 130 and the connection of the telescopic joint arm 320.
  • the boom head body 110 provided with the connecting arm 120 is connected to the boom through the m-section transition arm 130 .
  • the crane boom head provided by the present invention includes m-section transition arm 130, where m ⁇ 1.
  • the transition arm 130 can be infinitely arranged, or the telescopic arm 320 can be increased without limit.
  • the number of the transition arm 130 is preferably one or two. Of course, if the strength allows, The number of transition arms 130 can be appropriately increased.
  • the present invention also provides a lifting arm, which includes a telescopic arm and a crane arm head as described above.
  • the first transition section arm 130 of the crane arm head is nested in the last section of the telescopic section arm 320 of the telescopic arm. within the head end. Since the jib is mounted with a crane jib head as described above, the same advantages as above are obtained.
  • the above-mentioned telescopic arm may include a basic arm 310, at least one telescopic section arm 320 and a telescopic oil cylinder.
  • the basic arm 310 is hingedly connected to the slewing mechanism of the chassis, and the luffing mechanism is connected between the basic arm 310 and the slewing mechanism.
  • the first telescopic section arm 320 is nested in the basic arm 310
  • the second telescopic section arm 320 is nested in the first telescopic section arm 320
  • the nth telescopic section arm 320 is nested in the n-th telescopic section arm 320.
  • the first transition section arm 130 of the crane boom head is nested in the n-th telescopic section arm 320.
  • An arm pin 210 is provided outside the tail end of each telescopic section arm 320 , and at least two arm pin holes are provided on each telescopic section arm 320 and the basic arm 310 at positions corresponding to the movement trajectory of the arm pin 210 220, one of the arm pin holes 220 is provided at the tail end of the corresponding telescopic joint arm 320 or the basic arm 310, and the other arm pin hole 220 is provided at the head end of the corresponding telescopic joint arm 320 or the basic arm 310.
  • the remaining arm pin holes 220 can be disposed between the two arm pin holes 220 , for example, they can be disposed at 20%, 40%, 50% or 80% of the total length of the telescopic joint arm 320 .
  • the arm pin 210 on the front telescopic joint arm 320 is connected to the arm pin hole 220 located at the rear end of the rear telescopic joint arm 320 .
  • the arm pin 210 on the front telescopic joint arm 320 is connected with the arm pin hole 220 located at the head end of the rear telescopic joint arm 320 .
  • the arm pin 210 on the front telescopic arm 320 is connected to the arm pin hole 220 located in the middle of the rear telescopic arm 320 .
  • the above-mentioned telescopic oil cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod.
  • the free end of the cylinder rod is connected to the inner tail end of the basic arm 310.
  • a cylinder pin is provided on the outside of the cylinder barrel. The cylinder pin can expand and contract along the radial direction of the cylinder barrel.
  • a cylinder pin hole for connecting with a cylinder pin is provided inside the rear end of each telescopic joint arm 320 .
  • the cylinder moves to a position where the cylinder pin corresponds to the cylinder pin hole of the n-th telescopic arm 320, and then the cylinder pin extends and is inserted into the cylinder pin hole.
  • the cylinder continues to move, pushing the n-th telescopic arm 320 to extend.
  • the n-th telescopic joint arm 320 extends to a position where the arm pin 210 corresponds to one of the arm pin holes 220 on the (n-1)-th telescopic joint arm 320, the arm pin 210 and the arm pin hole 220 are locked.
  • the cylinder pin can be separated from the cylinder pin hole, and the cylinder barrel moves to the cylinder pin hole of the n-1th section telescopic arm 320, so that the cylinder pin is connected to the n-1th section cylinder pin hole, and then the n-th section is pushed One telescopic section arm 320 extends.
  • the extending action of the n-section telescopic arm 320 can be completed.
  • the retracting action is the opposite of the extending action and will not be explained in detail here.
  • the invention also provides a hoisting machine.
  • the hoisting machine can be but is not limited to automobile lifting. Machines, crawler cranes, etc., all lifting machinery with the above-mentioned lifting arms are within the scope of protection of this application. Since the hoisting machinery has the crane boom head as described above or the lifting arm as described above, it has the same advantages as described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及起重设备领域，提供一种起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械，起重机臂头包括臂头和m节过渡节臂。臂头包括臂头主体和连接臂，连接臂与臂头主体连接。当m≥2时，m节过渡节臂依次嵌套设置，连接臂嵌套在第m节过渡节臂内，第一节过渡节臂嵌套在起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂内。连接臂与第m节过渡节臂之间、相邻两节过渡节臂之间以及第一节过渡节臂与最后一节伸缩节臂之间均设置有卡接结构。当需要延长起重臂的臂长时，使用一根与第一节过渡节臂的横截面相同的伸缩节臂替换掉第一节过渡节臂即可，此种延长臂长的方式只需在原有的起重臂的基础上增加伸缩节臂即可，无需整体更换起重臂，大大节省了成本，也减少了资源的浪费。

Description

起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械 技术领域
本发明涉及起重设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械。
背景技术
起重机是指在一定范围内垂直提升和水平搬运重物的多动作起重机械。起重机种类繁多，其中，伸缩臂起重机是众多起重机品类中应用最为广泛的一种起重机类型。
伸缩臂起重机包括底盘、起重臂、起升机构、变幅机构和回转机构。一般情况下，客户购买的起重机的起重臂的伸缩节臂的数量以及臂长为固定值，当后期臂长无法满足使用要求时，需要整体更换起重臂，此种通过整体更换起重臂增加臂长的方式成本较高，而且被替换的旧的起重臂无法重新利用，造成资源的浪费。
发明内容
本发明提供一种起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械，用以解决现有技术中伸缩臂起重机通过整体更换起重臂增加臂长的方式导致的成本较高以及资源浪费的缺陷，实现在现有起重臂的基础上直接增加伸缩节臂以增加臂长的效果。
本发明提供一种起重机臂头，包括：臂头，所述臂头包括臂头主体和连接臂，所述连接臂连接在所述臂头主体的尾端；m节过渡节臂，其中，m大于或等于1，且当m大于或等于2时，m节所述过渡节臂 依次嵌套设置；所述连接臂嵌套在第m节所述过渡节臂内，第一节所述过渡节臂用于嵌套在起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂内；所述连接臂与第m节所述过渡节臂之间、相邻两节所述过渡节臂之间以及第一节所述过渡节臂与最后一节所述伸缩节臂之间均设置有卡接结构。
根据本发明提供的起重机臂头，所述卡接结构包括可伸缩的臂销和臂销孔，所述连接臂的外侧和所述过渡节臂的外侧均设置有所述臂销，所述过渡节臂的内侧设置有所述臂销孔，所述连接臂与第m节所述过渡节臂、相邻两个所述过渡节臂以及第一节所述过渡节臂与最后一节所述伸缩节臂之间均通过所述臂销和所述臂销孔的配合锁定和解锁。
根据本发明提供的起重机臂头，所述臂销与所述连接臂之间以及所述臂销与所述过渡节臂之间均设置有伸缩驱动装置，所述伸缩驱动装置用于驱动所述臂销进出所述臂销孔。
根据本发明提供的起重机臂头，设置在所述连接臂上的臂销位于所述连接臂的尾端，设置在所述过渡节臂上的臂销位于所述过渡节臂的尾端。
根据本发明提供的起重机臂头，所述臂销孔位于所述过渡节臂上设置所述臂销的位置的前侧。
根据本发明提供的起重机臂头，所述过渡节臂的数量为一个或两个。
本发明还提供一种起重臂，包括伸缩臂和如以上任一项所述的起重机臂头，所述起重机臂头的第一节过渡节臂嵌套在所述伸缩臂的最后一节伸缩节臂的头端内。
根据本发明提供的起重臂，所述伸缩臂包括基本臂、至少一节伸缩节臂和伸缩油缸，所述伸缩节臂设置于所述基本臂内，所述伸缩油缸的缸杆与所述基本臂的内侧尾端连接，所述伸缩油缸的缸筒的外侧设置有可伸缩的缸销，所述伸缩节臂的尾端内侧设置有与所述缸销配 合连接的缸销孔。
根据本发明提供的起重臂，所述伸缩节臂上沿所述伸缩节臂的纵向设置有至少两个臂销孔。
本发明还提供一种起重机械，包括如以上任一项所述的起重机臂头或包括如以上任一项所述的起重臂。
本发明提供的起重机臂头，包括臂头和m节过渡节臂，m大于或等于1。臂头包括臂头主体和连接臂，连接臂的头端与臂头主体的尾端连接。当m大于或等于2时，m节过渡节臂依次嵌套设置，连接臂嵌套在第m节过渡节臂的内侧，第一节过渡节臂用于嵌套在起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂的内侧。如此，通过过渡节臂完成臂头与起重臂的连接。连接臂与第m节过渡节臂之间、相邻两节过渡节臂之间以及第一节过渡节臂与最后一节伸缩节臂之间均设置有卡接结构。当需要延长起重臂的臂长时，首先将第一节过渡节臂与起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂分离，然后将第一节过渡节臂与第二节过渡节臂分离，增加一根与第一节过渡节臂的横截面相同的伸缩节臂，使增加的伸缩节臂与原起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂嵌套连接，最后将第二节过渡节臂与增加的伸缩节臂嵌套连接，如此，实现了伸缩节臂的增加，使起重臂的臂长增加。当需要继续延长起重臂的臂长时，只需按上述步骤将第二节过渡节臂替换为与第二节过渡节臂横截面尺寸相同的伸缩节臂即可。依此类推，上述的m节过渡节臂均可更换为与对应的过渡节臂的横截面相同的伸缩节臂，以实现在不更换现有起重臂的前提下增加伸缩节臂，进而延长起重臂臂长的效果。与整体更换起重臂进而延长臂长的方式相比，此种延长臂长的方式大大节省了成本，也减少了资源的浪费。
进一步的，在发明提供的起重臂和起重机械中，由于均具有如上所述的起重机臂头，因此，均具有与如上所述相同的优势。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明提供的臂头结构示意图；
图2是本发明提供的过渡节臂结构示意图；
图3是本发明提供的臂头与过渡节臂连接结构示意图；
图4是本发明提供的第三节伸缩节臂结构示意图；
图5是本发明提供的臂头通过一节过渡节臂与第三节伸缩节臂连接结构示意图；
图6是本发明提供的基本臂与前两节伸缩节臂连接结构示意图；
图7是本发明提供的臂头通过一节过渡节臂与设置有三节伸缩节臂的伸缩臂的连接结构示意图；
图8是本发明提供的臂头与增加的第四节伸缩节臂直接连接的结构示意图；
图9是本发明提供的臂头通过增加的第四节伸缩节臂与伸缩臂直接连接的结构示意图；
图10是本发明提供的过渡节臂与用于替换该过渡节臂的伸缩节臂的长度对比图；
图11是本发明提供的过渡节臂与用于替换该过渡节臂的伸缩节臂的侧视图；
附图标记：
110：臂头主体；120：连接臂；130：过渡节臂；210：臂销；220：
臂销孔；310：基本臂；320：伸缩节臂。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合图1至图11描述本发明的起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械。
在本申请中，为了描述方便，对于起重臂，与基本臂310连接的伸缩节臂320为第一节伸缩节臂320，沿远离基本臂310的方向，依次为第二节伸缩节臂320、第三节伸缩节臂320、……、第n节伸缩节臂320，对于过渡节臂130，与最后一节伸缩节臂320连接的过渡节臂130为第一节过渡节臂130，沿远离伸缩节臂320的方向，依次为第二节过渡节臂130、第三节过渡节臂130、……、第m节过渡节臂130。靠近底盘的一端为尾端；远离底盘的一端，或者说靠近臂头主体110的一端为头端。
本发明提供一种起重机臂头，包括臂头和m节过渡节臂130。臂头包括臂头主体110和连接臂120，连接臂120的头端与臂头主体110的尾端连接。其中，m大于或等于1，当m大于或等于2时，m节过渡节臂130依次嵌套，相邻两个过渡节臂130之间通过卡接结构实现可拆卸连接。连接臂120嵌套在第m节过渡节臂130的内侧，且连接臂120与第m节过渡节臂130通过卡接结构实现可拆卸连接。第一节过渡节臂130嵌套在最后一节伸缩节臂320内，且第一节过渡节臂130与最后一节伸缩节臂320通过卡接结构实现可拆卸连接。
上述的过渡节臂130与现有的伸缩节臂320的横截面的形状尺寸均相同，仅仅在长度上短于伸缩节臂320。
当需要延长起重臂的臂长时，可将位于最外层的过渡节臂130拆 下，更换与该过渡节臂130的横截面形状尺寸相同的正常的伸缩节臂320即可完成臂长的延长。
具体的更换过程如下：
将第一节过渡节臂130与最后一节伸缩节臂320之间的卡接结构解锁，将第一节过渡节臂130从最后一节伸缩节臂320中抽出，然后将第一节过渡节臂130与第二节过渡节臂130之间的卡接结构解锁，将第一节过渡节臂130从第二节过渡节臂130的外侧取下。
然后增加一根与第一节过渡节臂130的横截面形状尺寸相同的伸缩节臂320，可以称之为第n+1节伸缩节臂320，将第n+1节伸缩节臂320的尾端经第n节伸缩节臂320的头端插入，使两节伸缩节臂320之间的卡接结构锁定。
然后将第二节过渡节臂130的尾端经第n+1节伸缩节臂320的头端插入，且使第二节过渡节臂130与第n+1节伸缩节臂320之间的卡接结构锁定。
此时即完成了一节伸缩节臂320的增加工作，实现了起重臂的臂长增加的效果。
同理，当需要再次增加起重臂的臂长时，可按上述操作过程，将第二节过渡节臂130替换为与第二节过渡节臂130的横截面的形状尺寸相同的伸缩节臂320即可。
依此类推，可逐层将过渡节臂130更换为与对应的过渡节臂130的横截面的形状尺寸相同的伸缩节臂320，以实现在不更换原有起重臂的前提下完成对整体臂长的延伸。
此种延长臂长的方式，需要通过过渡节臂130为后期需要增加的伸缩节臂320进行占位，当需要增加臂长时，将过渡节臂130替换为正常的伸缩节臂320即可。相比于整体替换起重臂来延长臂长的方式，此种结构使成本大大降低，同时也减少了资源的浪费。
现有技术中，起重臂的伸缩方式至少包括单缸加绳排同步伸缩方 式、多缸伸缩方式、单缸插销伸缩方式，本发明提供的起重机臂头适用于单缸插销伸缩方式的起重臂。
在采用单缸插销伸缩方式的起重臂中，起重臂的伸缩节臂320之间设置有臂销210和臂销孔220，因此，可以在过渡节臂130上设置臂销210和臂销孔220作为卡接结构实现过渡节臂130之间的可拆卸连接、实现连接臂120与过渡节臂130之间的可拆卸连接以及实现过渡节臂130与起重臂的伸缩节臂320之间的可拆卸连接。
对于卡接结构，公开一种具体的实施例，在该实施例中，卡接结构包括上述的臂销210和臂销孔220。
在连接臂120的外侧以及过渡节臂130的外侧均设置臂销210，优选的实施方式为，位于连接臂120外侧的臂销210设置在连接臂120的尾端，位于过渡节臂130外侧的臂销210设置在过渡节臂130的尾端，在连接臂120的内部与臂销210对应的位置以及在过渡节臂130的内部与臂销210对应的位置可以设置伸缩驱动装置，伸缩驱动装置用于驱动臂销210进行伸缩。
上述的伸缩驱动装置可以为伸缩油缸，当然也可以使用弹簧或者其他诸如电推杆等伸缩装置代替伸缩油缸驱动臂销210进行伸缩。
位于过渡节臂130上的臂销孔220设置在臂销210的前侧，臂销孔220的形状尺寸与臂销210的横截面的形状尺寸相同。
连接时，将连接臂120上的臂销210收回，使臂销210的自由端至少与连接臂120的外侧面平齐，然后将连接臂120插入第m节过渡节臂130的内侧，当连接臂120上的臂销210与第m节过渡节臂130上的臂销孔220对正后，将连接臂120上的臂销210伸出，并插入到臂销孔220内，完成连接臂120与第m节过渡节臂130的连接。
然后使第m节过渡节臂130上的臂销210收回，将第m节过渡节臂130插入到第m-1节过渡节臂130内，当第m节过渡节臂130上的臂销210与第m-1节过渡节臂130的臂销孔220对正时，使第m 节过渡节臂130上的臂销210伸出，并插入到第m-1节过渡节臂130的臂销孔220内，完成第m节过渡节臂130与第m-1节过渡节臂130的连接。
依此类推，直至完成m节过渡节臂130的嵌套连接。
然后使第一节过渡节臂130的臂销210收回，将第一节过渡节臂130插入到起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂320的内侧，当第一节过渡节臂130上的臂销210与伸缩节臂320上原有的臂销孔220对正后，使第一节过渡节臂130上的臂销210伸出，并插入到臂销孔220内，完成第一节过渡节臂130与伸缩节臂320的连接。
由此，设置有连接臂120的臂头主体110通过m节过渡节臂130完成了与起重臂的连接。
本发明提供的起重机臂头包括m节过渡节臂130，其中m≥1，理论上，过渡节臂130可以无限设置，或者说，伸缩节臂320可以无限制的增加。但是在现实情况中，越靠近内侧的过渡节臂130，其横截面尺寸越小，结构强度越低，因此，过渡节臂130的数量优选一个或两个，当然，在强度允许的情况下也可以适当增加过渡节臂130的数量。
本发明还提供一种起重臂，该起重臂包括伸缩臂和如上所述的起重机臂头，起重机臂头的第一节过渡节臂130嵌套在伸缩臂的最后一节伸缩节臂320的头端内。由于该起重臂安装有如上所述的起重机臂头，因此，与如上所述相同的优势。
其中，上述的伸缩臂可以包括基本臂310、至少一节伸缩节臂320和伸缩油缸。基本臂310与底盘的回转机构铰接，变幅机构连接在基本臂310与回转机构之间。第一节伸缩节臂320嵌套在基本臂310内，第二节伸缩节臂320嵌套在第一节伸缩节臂320内，……，第n节伸缩节臂320嵌套在第n-1节伸缩节臂320内，起重机臂头的第一节过渡节臂130嵌套在第n节伸缩节臂320内。
在每节伸缩节臂320的尾端的外侧均设置有臂销210，在每节伸缩节臂320以及基本臂310上与臂销210的移动轨迹对应的位置上均设置有至少两个臂销孔220，其中一个臂销孔220设置在对应的伸缩节臂320或者基本臂310的尾端，另一个臂销孔220设置在对应的伸缩节臂320或者基本臂310的头端，当臂销孔220的数量大于两个时，其余的臂销孔220可以设置在两个臂销孔220之间，例如可以设置在伸缩节臂320总长度的20％、40％、50％或80％的位置。
当在前的伸缩节臂320完全收回到在后的伸缩节臂320内时，在前的伸缩节臂320上的臂销210与位于在后的伸缩节臂320尾端的臂销孔220连接。当在前的伸缩节臂320完全伸出时，在前的伸缩节臂320上的臂销210与位于在后的伸缩节臂320头端的臂销孔220连接。当在前的伸缩节臂320部分伸出时，在前的伸缩节臂320上的臂销210与位于在后的伸缩节臂320中间的臂销孔220连接。
上述的伸缩油缸包括缸筒和缸杆，缸杆的自由端与基本臂310的内侧的尾端连接，缸筒的外侧设置有缸销，缸销可以沿缸筒的径向伸缩。在每个伸缩节臂320的尾端内侧均设置有用于与缸销连接的缸销孔。
比如当第n节伸缩节臂320需要伸出时，缸筒移动到缸销与第n节伸缩节臂320的缸销孔对应的位置，随后缸销伸出并插入到缸销孔内，缸筒继续移动，推动第n节伸缩节臂320伸出。当第n节伸缩节臂320伸出到臂销210与第n-1节伸缩节臂320上的其中一个臂销孔220对应的位置时，臂销210与臂销孔220锁定。此时，缸销可以与缸销孔分离，缸筒移动到第n-1节伸缩节臂320的缸销孔处，使缸销与第n-1节缸销孔连接，随后推动第n-1节伸缩节臂320伸出。依此类推，可以完成n节伸缩节臂320的伸出动作。收回动作与伸出动作相反，此处不做具体说明。
本发明还提供一种起重机械，起重机械可以但不局限于汽车起重 机、履带起重机等，凡是具有上述起重臂的起重机械均在本申请的保护范围之内。由于该起重机械具有如上所述的起重机臂头或如上所述的起重臂，因此，具有与如上所述相同的优势。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种起重机臂头，其特征在于，包括：
    臂头，所述臂头包括臂头主体(110)和连接臂(120)，所述连接臂(120)连接在所述臂头主体(110)的尾端；
    m节过渡节臂(130)，其中，m大于或等于1，且当m大于或等于2时，m节所述过渡节臂(130)依次嵌套设置；
    所述连接臂(120)嵌套在第m节所述过渡节臂(130)内，第一节所述过渡节臂(130)用于嵌套在起重臂的最后一节伸缩节臂(320)内；
    所述连接臂(120)与第m节所述过渡节臂(130)之间、相邻两节所述过渡节臂(130)之间以及第一节所述过渡节臂(130)与最后一节所述伸缩节臂(320)之间均设置有卡接结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的起重机臂头，其特征在于，所述卡接结构包括可伸缩的臂销(210)和臂销孔(220)，所述连接臂(120)的外侧和所述过渡节臂(130)的外侧均设置有所述臂销(210)，所述过渡节臂(130)的内侧设置有所述臂销孔(220)，所述连接臂(120)与第m节所述过渡节臂(130)、相邻两个所述过渡节臂(130)以及第一节所述过渡节臂(130)与最后一节所述伸缩节臂(320)之间均通过所述臂销(210)和所述臂销孔(220)的配合锁定和解锁。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的起重机臂头，其特征在于，所述臂销(210)与所述连接臂(120)之间以及所述臂销(210)与所述过渡节臂(130)之间均设置有伸缩驱动装置，所述伸缩驱动装置用于驱动所述臂销(210)进出所述臂销孔(220)。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的起重机臂头，其特征在于，设置在所述连接臂(120)上的臂销(210)位于所述连接臂(120)的尾端，设置在所述过渡节臂(130)上的臂销(210)位于所述过渡节臂(130)的尾端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的起重机臂头，其特征在于，所述臂销孔(220)位于所述过渡节臂(130)上设置所述臂销(210)的位置的前侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的起重机臂头，其特征在于，所述过渡节臂(130)的数量为一个或两个。
  7. 一种起重臂，其特征在于，包括伸缩臂和如权利要求1～6任一项所述的起重机臂头，所述起重机臂头的第一节过渡节臂(130)嵌套在所述伸缩臂的最后一节伸缩节臂(320)的头端内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的起重臂，其特征在于，所述伸缩臂包括基本臂(310)、至少一节伸缩节臂(320)和伸缩油缸，所述伸缩节臂(320)设置于所述基本臂(310)内，所述伸缩油缸的缸杆与所述基本臂(310)的内侧尾端连接，所述伸缩油缸的缸筒的外侧设置有可伸缩的缸销，所述伸缩节臂(320)的尾端内侧设置有与所述缸销配合连接的缸销孔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的起重臂，其特征在于，所述伸缩节臂(320)上沿所述伸缩节臂(320)的纵向设置有至少两个臂销孔(220)。
  10. 一种起重机械，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1～6任一项所述的起重机臂头或包括如权利要求7～9任一项所述的起重臂。
PCT/CN2023/099150 2022-07-25 2023-06-08 起重机臂头、起重臂和起重机械 WO2024021901A1 (zh)

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