WO2024016735A9 - 可调节推背感的座椅和车辆 - Google Patents

可调节推背感的座椅和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024016735A9
WO2024016735A9 PCT/CN2023/086096 CN2023086096W WO2024016735A9 WO 2024016735 A9 WO2024016735 A9 WO 2024016735A9 CN 2023086096 W CN2023086096 W CN 2023086096W WO 2024016735 A9 WO2024016735 A9 WO 2024016735A9
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seat
cushion
electromagnet
adjustable push
magnetic element
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2023/086096
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2024016735A1 (zh
Inventor
谢杨
王春生
许伯良
熊伟
曹安
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024016735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016735A1/zh
Publication of WO2024016735A9 publication Critical patent/WO2024016735A9/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/0244—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/64—Back-rests or cushions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
    • G09B9/02—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft
    • G09B9/04—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of land vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to seats and vehicles with adjustable push-back feel.
  • Electric vehicles are gradually becoming mainstream, and there will be more and more people driving electric vehicles in the future.
  • Electric vehicles have strong acceleration performance, and the pushing feeling during acceleration brings new driving pleasure to the driver and passengers.
  • Some passengers want to feel a stronger push on the back, while others want to feel a weaker push on the back.
  • existing vehicles only improve and optimize the wrapping and comfort of the seats, and cannot make personalized adjustments to the push-back feeling. They lack driving pleasure and have a poor riding experience.
  • the present application provides a seat with adjustable push-back feeling.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feeling includes a seat body, an electromagnet, a magnetic component, a switching power supply module and a control module.
  • the seat body includes a seat cushion, a back cushion and a back panel, wherein the back cushion is provided on a side of the back panel facing the seat cushion, and the back cushion can move toward or away from the back panel.
  • the electromagnet is fixedly connected to the back plate and is located between the back plate and the back cushion.
  • the magnetic element is connected to the cushion and faces the electromagnet.
  • the switching power supply module is electrically connected to the electromagnet, and the switching power supply module is used to provide electrical signals to the electromagnet.
  • the control module is electrically connected to the switching power supply module.
  • the control module is used to obtain and generate a corresponding control signal based on the acceleration signal to control the switching power supply module to output the corresponding electrical signal to adjust the electromagnet.
  • the magnetic force generated by the magnetic element causes the magnetic element to drive the back cushion to move closer to or away from the back plate based on the magnetic force.
  • the back cushion is made of elastic material, and when the back cushion elastically deforms, it can move toward or away from the back plate.
  • the back cushion is made of hard material, the top end of the back cushion is movably connected to the back plate, and the back cushion can rotate relative to the seat cushion to move closer to or away from the back plate. direction movement.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feeling further includes a central control multimedia module electrically connected to the control module.
  • the central control multimedia module is used to receive the intensity level signal input by the user, so The control module is configured to generate the corresponding control signal based on the acceleration signal and the intensity level signal.
  • control module pre-records a mapping relationship table between multiple acceleration data and multiple control data at each intensity level; the control module is used to query the intensity level set by the user. The acceleration data closest to the acceleration signal value and the control data corresponding to the acceleration data are obtained, and a corresponding control signal is generated according to the control data.
  • the switching power supply module includes a DC-DC conversion circuit
  • the control signal output by the control module includes a PWM signal
  • the control data includes a duty cycle of the PWM signal
  • the switching power supply module outputs
  • the electrical signal is a voltage signal.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feel further includes an adjustment module electrically connected between the DC-DC conversion circuit and the electromagnet, and the adjustment module is used to adjust the The voltage signal output by the DC-DC conversion circuit generates a current on the electromagnet, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet on the magnetic element.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feel further includes an elastic component connected between the back cushion and the magnetic element.
  • the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component is perpendicular to the back cushion.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feel further includes a connecting bracket, which includes a connecting portion and a limiting portion that are perpendicular to each other, and one end of the elastic component is connected through the connecting portion.
  • a connecting bracket which includes a connecting portion and a limiting portion that are perpendicular to each other, and one end of the elastic component is connected through the connecting portion.
  • the other end of the elastic component is connected to the magnetic element.
  • the elastic component is used to convert the magnetic force exerted by the electromagnet on the magnetic element into elastic force, and transmit it to the back cushion through the connecting part, thereby driving the back cushion closer to or closer to the cushion. Move away from the backing board.
  • the limiting portion is movably connected to the magnetic element, and the limiting portion is used to limit the movement of the magnetic element along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component.
  • the limiting part includes a limiting plate, the limiting plate is provided with a chute extending along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component, and the magnetic element is provided with a chute connected to the chute.
  • the sliding groove is used to restrict the sliding part of the magnetic element from sliding along the sliding groove.
  • the adjustment module includes a sliding rheostat.
  • This application also provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and the above-mentioned seat with adjustable push-back feel, wherein the seat with adjustable push-back feel is installed in the vehicle body.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seat with adjustable push-back feel provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a seat with adjustable push-back feel provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feel includes a switching power supply module.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1 along the tangent line A-A.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a control data calibration table provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of the switching power supply module shown in FIG. 2 .
  • Adjustable push-back seat 10 Seat body 100 Backrest 101 Cushions 102 Base 103 Cushions 1031 Electromagnet 200 Magnetic Components 300 Slide 301 Switching power supply module 400 Control module 500 Central control multimedia module 600 Elastic part 700 Connection bracket 800 Connector 801 Limiting part 802 Chute 8021 Adjustment module 900 Capacitance C Inductance L Diode D Switch tube T Power supply E
  • the main purpose of this application is to propose a seat and vehicle with adjustable push-back feel, aiming to solve the problem that existing vehicles only improve and optimize the wrapping and comfort of the seat, but cannot realize personalized adjustment of the push-back feel. , the problem of lack of driving pleasure.
  • the seat with adjustable push-back feeling provided by this application is provided by arranging electromagnets on the backrest plate of the seat body, arranging magnetic elements on the back cushions of the seat body directly opposite the electromagnets, and by using the control module according to the acceleration signal.
  • the switching power supply module is controlled to adjust the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet on the magnetic element, so that the magnetic element drives the cushion to move closer to or away from the backrest board based on the magnetic force, thereby allowing the driver and passengers to feel Different degrees of push-back feeling can bring driving pleasure to drivers and passengers and improve user experience.
  • the present application provides a vehicle (not shown in the figure), which includes a vehicle body (not shown in the figure) and a seat 10 with adjustable push-back feel, wherein the seat with adjustable push-back feel 10 is installed in the vehicle body.
  • the seat 10 with adjustable push-back feeling includes a seat body 100 , an electromagnet 200 , a magnetic component 300 , a switching power supply module 400 and a control module 500 . It should be noted that the seat 10 with adjustable push-back feel provided by the present application does not Can be applied only to vehicles, but also to driving simulators.
  • the seat body 100 includes a backrest 101, a backcushion 102 and a base 103, wherein a seat cushion 1031 is provided on the base 103, and the backcushion 102 is disposed where the backrest 101 faces.
  • a seat cushion 1031 is provided on the base 103
  • the backcushion 102 is disposed where the backrest 101 faces.
  • On one side of the base 103 one end (i.e., the bottom end) of the back cushion 102 is connected to the seat cushion 1031 on the base 103.
  • the back cushion 102 is opposite to the back plate 101 with a gap between them.
  • the back cushion 102 can move toward or away from the back plate 101 .
  • the back cushion 102 may be made of elastic material. When the back cushion 102 elastically deforms, it can move toward or away from the back plate 101 .
  • the back cushion 102 can also be made of hard material.
  • the other end (i.e., the top end) of the back cushion 102 is movably connected to the back plate 101.
  • the back cushion 102 can rotate relative to the seat cushion 1031. Thus, movement toward or away from the backing plate 101 is achieved.
  • the electromagnet 200 is fixedly connected to the backrest plate 101
  • the magnetic element 300 is connected to the backrest cushion 102 .
  • the electromagnet 200 and the magnetic element 300 are arranged facing each other and spaced apart, and both are located in the gap between the back plate 101 and the back cushion 102 .
  • the magnetic element 300 may be a permanent magnet.
  • the switching power supply module 400 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 200 , and the switching power supply module 400 is used to provide electrical signals to the electromagnet 200 .
  • the electromagnet 200 generates a magnetic field based on the received electrical signal, thereby generating a magnetic force on the magnetic element 300, so that the magnetic element 300 drives the back cushion 102 closer to or away from the back plate based on the magnetic force. 101 direction movement.
  • the switching power supply module 400 may be a controlled current source for providing a current signal to the electromagnet 200 .
  • the switching power supply module 400 may also be a controlled voltage source, used to provide a voltage signal for the electromagnet 200 , which is not limited here.
  • the adjustable push-back feeling seat 10 further includes an elastic component 700 connected between the back cushion 102 and the magnetic element 300 , and the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component 700 is perpendicular to the back cushion 102 .
  • the seat 10 with adjustable push back feeling also includes a connection bracket 800.
  • the connection bracket 800 includes a mutually perpendicular connection part 801 and a limiting part 802. One end of the elastic component 700 is fixedly connected through the connection part 801. In the back cushion 102 , the other end of the elastic component 700 is fixedly connected to the magnetic element 300 .
  • the limiting portion 802 is movably connected to the magnetic element 300 , and the limiting portion 802 is used to limit the movement of the magnetic element 300 along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component 700 (that is, to prevent the magnetic element 300 from moving in the direction of expansion and contraction of the elastic component 700 ). Movement perpendicular to the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component 700).
  • the elastic component 700 can be used to convert the magnetic force of the electromagnet 200 on the magnetic element 300 into elastic force, and transmit it to the back cushion 102 through the connecting part 801, thereby driving the back cushion. 102 moves toward or away from the backing plate 101 .
  • the elastic component 700 includes a spring. The elastic component 700 can buffer the magnetic force, so that the pushing force of the back cushion 102 on the driver's back is more gentle and the comfort is higher.
  • the limiting portion 802 includes a limiting plate.
  • the limiting plate is provided with a slide groove 8021 extending along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component 700.
  • the magnetic element 300 is provided with a sliding portion 301 that cooperates with the chute 8021.
  • the chute 8021 is used to restrict the sliding portion 301 of the magnetic element 300 from sliding along the chute 8021, thereby limiting the magnetic element 300 to only Move along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic member 700 .
  • the chute 8021 does not penetrate the limiting plate, that is, the length of the chute 8021 in its extension direction is less than the length of the limiting plate. In this way, the sliding portion of the magnetic element 300 can be prevented. 301 slides out of the chute 802.
  • the elastic component 700 can convert all the magnetic force into elastic force and act perpendicularly on the back cushion 102, resulting in higher transmission efficiency.
  • the limiting portion 802 can also be other components with a limiting function.
  • the limiting portion 802 can also be a limiting rod.
  • the magnetic element 300 is provided with There is a through hole that matches the limiting rod, and the limiting rod passes through the through hole, thereby limiting the magnetic element 300 to only move along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic component 700 .
  • control module 500 is electrically connected to the switching power supply module 400, and the control module 500 is electrically connected to the switching power supply module 400.
  • the module 500 is used to obtain and generate a corresponding control signal based on the acceleration signal of the vehicle to control the switching power supply module 400 to output a corresponding electrical signal, thereby adjusting the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 200 on the magnetic element 300 , thereby causing the magnetic element 300 to drive the back cushion 102 to move closer to or away from the back plate 101 based on the magnetic force.
  • the control module 500 may be a vehicle controller of the vehicle, or may be an independently provided control device such as a microcontroller unit (MCU), a single chip microcomputer, or a digital signal processor (DSP). .
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the vehicle further includes an acceleration sensor (not shown in the figure), a throttle (not shown in the figure), a speed sensor (not shown in the figure), etc., and the acceleration signal can be measured by the acceleration sensor. Obtained, or calculated by the vehicle controller based on at least one of the accelerator depth signal, the current vehicle speed signal and the current gear signal. It can be understood that when the vehicle accelerates, if the magnetic force received by the magnetic element 300 is a repulsive force, the cushion 102 will be driven to move away from the backrest plate 101 , thereby increasing the size of the cushion 102 .
  • the pressure on the waist and back of the driver and passengers will cause the driver and passengers to feel a stronger push-back feeling, and the greater the magnetic force, the stronger the push-back feeling; if the magnetic force received by the magnetic element 300 is an attractive force, then The back cushion 102 is driven to move closer to the back plate 101, thereby reducing the pressure of the back cushion 102 on the lower back of the driver and passengers, allowing the driver and passengers to feel a weaker push-back feeling, and the greater the magnetic force. , the weaker the feeling of pushing the back. In this way, the different needs of drivers and passengers for back-pressing feeling can be met.
  • the seat 10 with adjustable push-back feeling also includes a central control multimedia module 600 electrically connected to the control module 500.
  • the central control multimedia module 600 is used to receive the intensity level input by the user. signal, the control module 500 is configured to generate the corresponding control signal based on the acceleration signal and the intensity level signal.
  • the control module 500 has a mapping relationship table between multiple acceleration data and multiple control data at each intensity level pre-recorded. The control module 500 is used to query the acceleration data closest to the acceleration signal value and the control data corresponding to the acceleration data under the intensity level set by the user, and generate a corresponding control signal according to the control data.
  • control data calibration table is shown in Figure 4, in which the intensity levels are divided into Q1, Q2...Qm, and under each intensity level there are n acceleration data (including a1, a2...an) and n Mapping relationship table between control data, assuming that the driver and passenger set the intensity level to Q2 through the central control multimedia module 600, when the control module 600 receives a signal with a signal value of a0 (for example, a0 is closest to a2)
  • the control module 600 can obtain by looking up the table that the acceleration data closest to the acceleration signal value a0 is a2 and the control data corresponding to the acceleration data a2 at the intensity level Q2 is k22, and according to the control data k22 Generate the corresponding control signal, where 1 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ n.
  • the seat 10 with adjustable push-back feeling can not only bring different push-back feeling experiences to the driver and passengers during the acceleration of the vehicle, but can also provide the user with different push-back feeling experiences when the user selects the driving game mode. It brings a "simulated" back-pushing experience and has wide applicability.
  • the switching power supply module 400 includes a DC-DC conversion circuit
  • the control signal output by the control module 500 includes a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal
  • the control data includes a duty cycle ⁇ of the PWM signal
  • the electrical signal output by the switching power supply module 400 is a voltage signal.
  • the value of the duty cycle ⁇ of the PWM signal is obtained by the control module 500 according to the intensity level signal and the acceleration signal by looking up a table, For example, k22.
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit may be a Buck circuit (step-down chopper circuit), a Boost circuit (step-up chopper circuit), or a Buck-Boost circuit (step-up and step-down chopper circuit).
  • the Buck circuit includes a power supply E, a switch tube T, a diode D, an inductor L, and a capacitor C.
  • the power supply E can be the Vehicle battery.
  • the control end of the switch tube T is electrically connected to the control module 500 , and the control end of the switch tube T is used to receive the PWM signal output by the control module 500 .
  • the first connection end of the switch tube T is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply E, and the second connection end of the switch tube T is the same as the positive electrode of the power supply E.
  • the switching power supply module 400 outputs a voltage signal to the electromagnet 200 through its output terminal.
  • the voltage value U0 of the voltage signal output by the output terminal of the switching power supply module 400 is proportional to the duty cycle ⁇ of the PWM signal.
  • the seat 10 with adjustable push-back feeling also includes an adjustment module 900 electrically connected between the DC-DC conversion circuit and the electromagnet 200 , and the adjustment module 900 is used to adjust the switch.
  • the magnitude of the current i generated by the voltage signal output by the power module 400 on the electromagnet 200 It can be understood that the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 200 on the magnetic element 300 is proportional to the current i flowing through the electromagnet 200 . Therefore, the driver and the passenger can adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 200 on the magnetic element 300 by adjusting the adjustment module 900, thereby obtaining different degrees of pushing sensations.
  • the adjustment module 900 includes a sliding rheostat. As shown in FIG.
  • the sliding rheostat is disposed on the side of the base 103 of the seat body 100 .
  • the driver can adjust the adjustment by rotating the knob of the sliding rheostat.
  • the resistance value of the sliding rheostat is changed to adjust the magnitude of the current i flowing through the electromagnet 200 and thereby adjust the intensity of the back pushing feeling.
  • the current i flowing through the electromagnet 200 has a positive correlation with the duty cycle ⁇ of the PWM signal, and has an inverse correlation with the resistance value Rf of the sliding varistor. Therefore, the driver and passengers can obtain different degrees of back pushing sensation by adjusting the intensity level and/or adjusting the adjustment module 900. In this way, there are more adjustment methods, which is more convenient, the adjustment range is wider, and the applicability is wider. .
  • the seat 10 with adjustable push-back feeling provided by the present application is provided with an electromagnet 200 on the backrest 101 of the seat body 100, and a magnetic element 300 is provided on the backrest 102 of the seat body 100 at a position directly facing the electromagnet 200.
  • the control module 500 controls the switching power supply module 400 to adjust the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 200 on the magnetic element 300 according to the acceleration signal of the vehicle, so that the magnetic element 300 drives the cushion 102 closer based on the magnetic force. Or move away from the backrest 101, thereby causing the driver and passengers to feel different degrees of pushing on the back, which can bring driving pleasure to the drivers and passengers and improve the user experience.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种可调节推背感的座椅和车辆，该座椅包括座椅本体、电磁铁、磁性元件、开关电源模块和控制模块。座椅本体包括坐垫、靠垫和靠板。电磁铁连接于靠板。磁性元件连接于靠垫且正对于电磁铁。开关电源模块与电磁铁电连接，为电磁铁提供电信号。控制模块与开关电源模块电连接，用于获取并基于加速度信号，生成对应的控制信号，以控制开关电源模块输出对应的电信号，从而调节电磁铁对磁性元件产生的磁力，进而使得磁性元件基于磁力带动靠垫向靠近或远离靠板的方向运动。

Description

可调节推背感的座椅和车辆
本申请要求于2022年7月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210852915.X、发明名称为“可调节推背感的座椅和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆技术领域，尤其涉及可调节推背感的座椅和车辆。
背景技术
现阶段，电动车逐渐成为主流，电动车的驾驶人群将来会越来越多。电动汽车具有很强的加速性能，加速过程中的推背感给驾驶员及乘客带来了新的驾驶乐趣。有的乘客希望感受更强烈的推背感，有的乘客希望减弱推背感。然而，现有的车辆只是针对座椅的包裹及舒适性进行改进优化，无法针对推背感进行个性化调节，缺乏驾驶乐趣，乘坐体验不佳。
发明内容
本申请提供一种可调节推背感的座椅，所述可调节推背感的座椅包括座椅本体、电磁铁、磁性元件、开关电源模块以及控制模块。其中，所述座椅本体包括坐垫、靠垫和靠板，其中，所述靠垫设置于所述靠板面向所述坐垫的一侧，所述靠垫能够向靠近或远离所述靠板的方向运动。所述电磁铁固定连接于所述靠板且位于所述靠板和所述靠垫之间。所述磁性元件连接于所述靠垫且正对于所述电磁铁。所述开关电源模块与所述电磁铁电连接，所述开关电源模块用于为所述电磁铁提供电信号。所述控制模块与所述开关电源模块电连接，所述控制模块用于获取并基于加速度信号，生成对应的控制信号，以控制所述开关电源模块输出对应的电信号，从而调节所述电磁铁对所述磁性元件产生的磁力，进而使得所述磁性元件基于所述磁力带动所述靠垫向靠近或远离所述靠板的方向运动。
在本申请一实施例中，所述靠垫采用弹性材料，当所述靠垫发生弹性形变时实现向靠近或远离所述靠板的方向运动。
在本申请一实施例中，所述靠垫采用硬质材料，所述靠垫的顶端与所述靠板活动连接，所述靠垫能够相对于所述坐垫旋转，从而实现向靠近或远离所述靠板的方向运动。
在本申请一实施例中，所述可调节推背感的座椅还包括与所述控制模块电连接的中控多媒体模块，所述中控多媒体模块用于接收用户输入的强度等级信号，所述控制模块用于基于所述加速度信号和所述强度等级信号，生成对应的所述控制信号。
在本申请一实施例中，所述控制模块中预先记录有各个强度等级下多个加速度数据与多个控制数据之间的映射关系表；所述控制模块用于查询在用户设定的强度等级下与所述加速度信号值最接近的加速度数据及所述加速度数据所对应的控制数据，并根据所述控制数据生成对应的控制信号。
在本申请一实施例中，所述开关电源模块包括直流-直流转换电路，所述控制模块输出的控制信号包括PWM信号，所述控制数据包括PWM信号的占空比，所述开关电源模块输出 的电信号为电压信号。
在本申请一实施例中，所述可调节推背感的座椅还包括电连接于所述直流-直流转换电路和所述电磁铁之间的调节模块，所述调节模块用于调节所述直流-直流转换电路输出的电压信号在所述电磁铁上产生的电流的大小，从而调节所述电磁铁对所述磁性元件产生的磁力的大小。
在本申请一实施例中，所述可调节推背感的座椅还包括连接于所述靠垫与所述磁性元件之间的弹性部件。
在本申请一实施例中，所述弹性部件的伸缩方向垂直于所述靠垫。
在本申请一实施例中，所述可调节推背感的座椅还包括连接支架，所述连接支架包括相互垂直的连接部和限位部，所述弹性部件的一端通过所述连接部连接于所述靠垫，所述弹性部件的另一端连接于所述磁性元件。
在本申请一实施例中，所述弹性部件用于将所述电磁铁对所述磁性元件的磁力转化为弹力，并通过所述连接部传递给所述靠垫，从而带动所述靠垫向靠近或远离所述靠板的方向运动。
在本申请一实施例中，所述限位部和所述磁性元件活动连接，所述限位部用于限制所述磁性元件沿着所述弹性部件的伸缩方向运动。
在本申请一实施例中，所述限位部包括限位板，所述限位板上设置有沿所述弹性部件的伸缩方向延伸的滑槽，所述磁性元件设置有与所述滑槽配合的滑动部，所述滑槽用于限制所述磁性元件的滑动部沿着所述滑槽滑动。
在本申请一实施例中，所述调节模块包括滑动变阻器。
本申请还提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括车辆本体以及上述的可调节推背感的座椅，其中，所述可调节推背感的座椅安装于所述车辆本体中。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种可调节推背感的座椅的结构示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种可调节推背感的座椅的电路结构示意图，所述可调节推背感的座椅包括开关电源模块。
图3是图1所示的结构沿切线A-A的一种剖面结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种控制数据标定表的示意图。
图5是图2所示的开关电源模块的一种电路结构示意图。
附图标记说明如下：
可调节推背感的座椅      10
座椅本体                100
靠板                    101
靠垫                    102
底座                    103
坐垫                    1031
电磁铁                  200
磁性元件                300
滑动部                  301
开关电源模块             400
控制模块                 500
中控多媒体模块           600
弹性部件                 700
连接支架                 800
连接部                   801
限位部                   802
滑槽                     8021
调节模块                 900
电容                     C
电感                     L
二极管                   D
开关管                   T
电源                     E
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本申请。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或者位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或者位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
本申请的主要目的在于提出一种可调节推背感的座椅和车辆，旨在解决现有的车辆只是针对座椅的包裹及舒适性进行改进优化，不能实现对推背感进行个性化调节，缺乏驾驶乐趣的问题。
本申请提供的可调节推背感的座椅，通过在座椅本体的靠板上设置电磁铁，在座椅本体的靠垫上正对于电磁铁的位置设置磁性元件，以及通过控制模块根据加速度信号控制开关电源模块调节所述电磁铁对所述磁性元件产生的磁力，从而使得所述磁性元件基于所述磁力带动所述靠垫向靠近或远离所述靠板的方向运动，进而使得司乘人员感受到不同程度的推背感，能够为司乘人员带来驾乘乐趣，可以提升用户体验。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
本申请提供一种车辆(图中未示出)，所述车辆包括车辆本体(图中未示出)以及可调节推背感的座椅10，其中，所述可调节推背感的座椅10安装于所述车辆本体中。请参阅图1-图2，所述可调节推背感的座椅10包括座椅本体100、电磁铁200、磁性元件300、开关电源模块400以及控制模块500。需要说明的是，本申请提供的所述可调节推背感的座椅10不 仅可以应用于车辆，还可以应用于驾驶模拟器。
在本申请实施例中，所述座椅本体100包括靠板101、靠垫102以及底座103，其中，所述底座上103上设置有坐垫1031，所述靠垫102设置于所述靠板101面向所述底座103的一侧，所述靠垫102的一端(即底端)与所述底座103上的坐垫1031连接，所述靠垫102与所述靠板101相对设置且两者之间留有间隙，所述靠垫102能够向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。在本申请实施例中，所述靠垫102可以采用弹性材料，当所述靠垫102发生弹性形变时实现向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。在其他实施例中，所述靠垫102也可以采用硬质材料，所述靠垫102的另一端(即顶端)与所述靠板101活动连接，所述靠垫102能够相对于所述坐垫1031旋转，从而实现向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。
进一步地，所述电磁铁200固定连接于所述靠板101，所述磁性元件300连接于所述靠垫102。所述电磁铁200与磁性元件300正对间隔设置且均位于所述靠板101和所述靠垫102之间的间隙中。其中，所述磁性元件300可以是永久磁体。
进一步地，所述开关电源模块400与所述电磁铁200电连接，开关电源模块400用于为所述电磁铁200提供电信号。所述电磁铁200基于接收到的所述电信号产生磁场，从而对所述磁性元件300产生磁力，进而使得所述磁性元件300基于所述磁力带动所述靠垫102向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。示例性地，所述开关电源模块400可以是受控电流源，用于为所述电磁铁200提供电流信号。所述开关电源模块400也可以是受控电压源，用于为所述电磁铁200提供电压信号，此处不作限定。
进一步地，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括连接于所述靠垫102与所述磁性元件300之间的弹性部件700，所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向垂直于所述靠垫102。所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括连接支架800，所述连接支架800包括相互垂直的连接部801和限位部802，所述弹性部件700的一端通过所述连接部801固定连接于所述靠垫102，所述弹性部件700的另一端固定连接于所述磁性元件300。所述限位部802与所述磁性元件300活动连接，所述限位部802用于限制所述磁性元件300沿着所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向上运动(即防止所述磁性元件300在垂直于所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向上运动)。可以理解的是，所述弹性部件700可以用于将所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300的磁力转化为弹力，并通过所述连接部801传递给所述靠垫102，从而带动所述靠垫102向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。示例性地，所述弹性部件700包括弹簧。所述弹性部件700可以对所述磁力进行缓冲，使得所述靠垫102对司乘人员的腰背部的推力更加缓和，舒适性更高。
请参阅图3，在本申请实施例中，所述限位部802包括限位板，所述限位板上设置有沿所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向延伸的滑槽8021，所述磁性元件300设置有与所述滑槽8021配合的滑动部301，所述滑槽8021用于限制所述磁性元件300的滑动部301沿着所述滑槽8021滑动，从而限制所述磁性元件300只能沿着所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向移动。可选地所述滑槽8021不贯穿所述限位板，即所述滑槽8021在其延伸方向上的长度小于所述限位板的长度，如此，可以防止所述磁性元件300的滑动部301滑出所述滑槽802。如此，可以使得所述弹性部件700将所述磁力全部转化为弹力并垂直作用于所述靠垫102，传递效率更高。当然，在其他实施例中，所述限位部802也可以是其他具有限位功能的部件，例如，所述限位部802也可以是限位杆，对应地，所述磁性元件300上设置有与所述限位杆配合的通孔，所述限位杆穿过所述通孔，从而限制所述磁性元件300只能沿着所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向运动。
进一步地，如图2所示，所述控制模块500与所述开关电源模块400电连接，所述控制 模块500用于获取并基于所述车辆的加速度信号，生成对应的控制信号，以控制所述开关电源模块400输出对应的电信号，从而调节所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300产生的磁力，进而使得所述磁性元件300基于所述磁力带动所述靠垫102向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。其中，所述控制模块500可以是所述车辆的整车控制器，也可以是独立设置的微控制单元(microcontroller unit，MCU)、单片机、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)等控制器件。示例性地，所述车辆还包括加速度传感器(图中未示出)、油门(图中未示出)、速度传感器(图中未示出)等，所述加速度信号可以由所述加速度传感器测量得到，或者由所述车辆的整车控制器根据油门深度信号、当前车速信号以及当前档位信号中的至少一个计算得到。可以理解的是，当所述车辆加速时，若所述磁性元件300接收到的磁力为排斥力，则带动所述靠垫102向远离所述靠板101的方向运动，从而增大所述靠垫102对司乘人员的腰背部的压力，进而让司乘人员感受到更强的推背感，而且磁力越大，推背感越强；若所述磁性元件300接收到的磁力为吸引力，则带动所述靠垫102向靠近所述靠板101的方向运动，从而减小所述靠垫102对司乘人员的腰背部的压力，让司乘人员感受到更弱的推背感，而且磁力越大，推背感越弱。如此，可以满足司乘人员对于推背感的不同的需求。
在本申请实施例中，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括与所述控制模块500电连接的中控多媒体模块600，所述中控多媒体模块600用于接收用户输入的强度等级信号，所述控制模块500用于基于所述加速度信号和所述强度等级信号，生成对应的所述控制信号。具体地，在本申请实施例中，所述控制模块500中预先记录有各个强度等级下多个加速度数据与多个控制数据之间的映射关系表。所述控制模块500用于查询在用户设定的强度等级下与所述加速度信号值最接近的加速度数据及所述加速度数据所对应的控制数据，并根据所述控制数据生成对应的控制信号。示例性地，如图4所示控制数据标定表，其中，强度等级分为Q1、Q2……Qm，在每个强度等级下都有n个加速度数据(包括a1、a2……an)与n个控制数据之间的映射关系表，假设司乘人员通过所述中控多媒体模块600设定强度等级为Q2，当所述控制模块600接收到信号值为a0(例如a0与a2最接近)的加速度信号时，所述控制模块600通过查表可以得到与加速度信号值a0最接近的加速度数据为a2及所述加速度数据a2在强度等级Q2下所对应的控制数据为k22，并根据控制数据k22生成对应的控制信号，其中，1≤m，1≤n。可以理解的是，当所述车辆在相同的加速度下，司乘人员可以根据自身的需求通过所述中控多媒体模块600设定不同的强度等级，从而获得不同的程度的推背感。需要说明的是，所述可调节推背感的座椅10不仅可以在所述车辆加速的过程中带给司乘人员不同的推背感体验，还可以在用户选择驾驶游戏模式时，为用户带来“模拟的”推背感体验，适用性广。
进一步地，所述开关电源模块400包括直流-直流转换电路，所述控制模块500输出的控制信号包括脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation，PWM)信号，所述控制数据包括PWM信号的占空比α，所述开关电源模块400输出的电信号为电压信号，换言之，所述PWM信号的占空比α的取值由所述控制模块500根据所述强度等级信号以及所述加速度信号查表得到，例如为k22。示例性地，所述直流-直流转换电路可以是Buck电路(降压斩波电路)、Boost电路(升压斩波电路)或Buck-Boost电路(升降压斩波电路)。如图5所示，以所述直流-直流转换电路为Buck电路为例，所述Buck电路包括电源E、开关管T、二极管D电感L以及电容C，其中，所述电源E可以是所述车辆的蓄电池。其中，所述开关管T的控制端与所述控制模块500电连接，所述开关管T的控制端用于接收所述控制模块500输出的PWM信号。所述开关管T的第一连接端与所述电源E的正极电连接，所述开关管T的第二连接端同 时与所述二极管的负极以及所述电感L的一端电连接，所述电感L的另一端与所述电容C的一端电连接，所述电容C的另一端同时与所述二极管D的正极以及所述电源E的负极电连接。所述电容C的两端构成所述开关电源模块400的输出端，所述开关电源模块400通过其输出端向所述电磁铁200输出电压信号。根据Buck电路的工作原理，所述开关电源模块400的输出端输出的所述电压信号的电压值U0与所述PWM信号的占空比α成正比关系，所述PWM信号的占空比α越大，所述电压信号的电压值U0越大，所述PWM信号的占空比α越小，所述电压信号的电压值U0越小。具体地，U0与占空比α之间的关系式为：U0＝α*E，其中，E为所述电源E的电压值，0≤α≤1。
进一步地，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括电连接于所述直流-直流转换电路和所述电磁铁200之间的调节模块900，所述调节模块900用于调节所述开关电源模块400输出的电压信号在所述电磁铁200上产生的电流i的大小。可以理解的是，所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300产生的磁力的大小与流过所述电磁铁200的电流i成正比关系。因此，司乘人员可以通过调节所述调节模块900来调节所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300产生的磁力的大小，从而获得不同程度的推背感。示例性地，所述调节模块900包括滑动变阻器，如图1所示，所述滑动变阻器设置于所述座椅本体100的底座103的侧面，司乘人员可以通过旋转所述滑动变阻器的旋钮来改变所述滑动变阻器的电阻值，从而调节流过所述电磁铁200的电流i的大小，进而调节推背感的强度。
假设所述滑动变阻器的电阻值为Rf，所述电磁铁200的电阻值为R0，根据基尔霍夫电压定律可以得出流过所述电磁铁200的电流i与所述PWM信号的占空比α以及所述滑动变阻器的电阻值Rf之间存在如下关系：
i＝U0/(R0+Rf)＝α*E/(R0+Rf)
由此可知，流过所述电磁铁200的电流i与所述PWM信号的占空比α成正相关关系，与所述滑动变阻器的电阻值Rf成反相关关系。因此，司乘人员可以通过调节强度等级和/或调节所述调节模块900来获得不同程度的推背感，如此，调节的方式更多，更加便捷，而且调节的范围更广，适用性更广。
本申请提供的可调节推背感的座椅10，通过在座椅本体100的靠板101上设置电磁铁200，在座椅本体100的靠垫102上正对于电磁铁200的位置设置磁性元件300，以及通过控制模块500根据车辆的加速度信号控制开关电源模块400调节所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300产生的磁力，从而使得所述磁性元件300基于所述磁力带动所述靠垫102向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动，进而使得司乘人员感受到不同程度的推背感，能够为司乘人员带来驾乘乐趣，可以提升用户体验。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，包括：
    座椅本体100，包括坐垫、靠垫和靠板，其中，所述靠垫102设置于所述靠板101面向所述坐垫1031的一侧，所述靠垫102能够向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动；
    电磁铁200，固定连接于所述靠板101且位于所述靠板101和所述靠垫102之间；
    磁性元件300，连接于所述靠垫102且正对于所述电磁铁200；
    开关电源模块400，与所述电磁铁200电连接，所述开关电源模块400用于为所述电磁铁200提供电信号；以及
    控制模块500，与所述开关电源模块400电连接，所述控制模块500用于获取并基于加速度信号，生成对应的控制信号，以控制所述开关电源模块400输出对应的电信号，从而调节所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300产生的磁力，进而使得所述磁性元件300基于所述磁力带动所述靠垫102向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述靠垫102采用弹性材料，当所述靠垫102发生弹性形变时实现向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述靠垫102采用硬质材料，所述靠垫102的顶端与所述靠板101活动连接，所述靠垫102能够相对于所述坐垫1031旋转，从而实现向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括与所述控制模块500电连接的中控多媒体模块600，所述中控多媒体模块600用于接收用户输入的强度等级信号，所述控制模块500用于基于所述加速度信号和所述强度等级信号，生成对应的所述控制信号。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述控制模块500中预先记录有各个强度等级下多个加速度数据与多个控制数据之间的映射关系表；
    所述控制模块500用于查询在用户设定的强度等级下与所述加速度信号值最接近的加速度数据及所述加速度数据所对应的控制数据，并根据所述控制数据生成对应的控制信号。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述开关电源模块400包括直流-直流转换电路，所述控制模块500输出的控制信号包括PWM信号，所述控制数据包括PWM信号的占空比，所述开关电源模块400输出的电信号为电压信号。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括电连接于所述直流-直流转换电路和所述电磁铁200之间的调节模块900，所述调节模块900用于调节所述直流-直流转换电路输出的电压信号在所述电磁铁200上产生的电流的大小，从而调节所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300产生的磁力的大小。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括连接于所述靠垫102与所述磁性元件300之间的弹性部件700。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向垂直于所述靠垫102。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述可调节推背感的座椅10还包括连接支架800，所述连接支架800包括相互垂直的连接部801和限位部802， 所述弹性部件700的一端通过所述连接部801连接于所述靠垫102，所述弹性部件700的另一端连接于所述磁性元件300。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述弹性部件700用于将所述电磁铁200对所述磁性元件300的磁力转化为弹力，并通过所述连接部801传递给所述靠垫102，从而带动所述靠垫102向靠近或远离所述靠板101的方向运动。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述限位部802和所述磁性元件300活动连接，所述限位部802用于限制所述磁性元件300沿着所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向运动。
  13. 如权利要求10-12中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述限位部802包括限位板，所述限位板上设置有沿所述弹性部件700的伸缩方向延伸的滑槽8021，所述磁性元件300设置有与所述滑槽8021配合的滑动部301，所述滑槽8021用于限制所述磁性元件300的滑动部301沿着所述滑槽8021滑动。
  14. 如权利要求7-13中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其特征在于，所述调节模块900包括滑动变阻器。
  15. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括：
    车辆本体；以及
    如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的可调节推背感的座椅10，其中，所述可调节推背感的座椅10安装于所述车辆本体中。
PCT/CN2023/086096 2022-07-20 2023-04-04 可调节推背感的座椅和车辆 WO2024016735A1 (zh)

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JP3708281B2 (ja) * 1997-04-25 2005-10-19 アルプス電気株式会社 振動発生装置、並びにその振動発生装置を用いた電子機器
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