WO2024012327A1 - Ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification - Google Patents

Ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024012327A1
WO2024012327A1 PCT/CN2023/105902 CN2023105902W WO2024012327A1 WO 2024012327 A1 WO2024012327 A1 WO 2024012327A1 CN 2023105902 W CN2023105902 W CN 2023105902W WO 2024012327 A1 WO2024012327 A1 WO 2024012327A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dredged soil
fish reef
ecological fish
reef structure
triangular pyramid
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PCT/CN2023/105902
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
彭士涛
马国强
邱宁
梁宝翠
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交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所
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Publication of WO2024012327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024012327A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/74—Underwater applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention mainly relates to the technical field of ecological fish reefs, specifically an ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification.
  • Ecological fishing reefs are artificially constructed underwater structures for the habitat and reproduction of aquatic life.
  • Ecological fish reefs provide a place for fish and plankton to reproduce, grow, and develop, and can achieve the purpose of protection, proliferation, and increase in fish catches.
  • Ecological fish reefs can also improve the ecological environment of the water and enhance the ecological functions of the water, and are widely used in habitats.
  • Land restoration and fishery restoration, according to reef building materials, ecological reefs can be divided into cement reefs, vehicle and boat reefs, stone reefs, steel reefs, etc.
  • the technical structure with application number CN202110380701.2 includes a chassis and a five-way structure.
  • the five-way structure includes a hollow semi-cylinder and a hollow cylinder.
  • the two hollow semi-cylinders are arranged crosswise on the chassis, and the hollow cylinder is vertically arranged at the intersection of the two hollow semi-cylinders.
  • the inner cavities of the hollow semi-cylinders and the hollow cylinders are interconnected with each other.
  • the surface of the five-way structure is evenly inlaid with oyster shells.
  • the present invention mainly provides an ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification to solve the problem of Solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.
  • the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure includes a triangular pyramid frame and four dredged soil structural plates. Each edge length of the triangular pyramid frame is are the same, and each dredged soil structural plate is an equilateral triangle. Each edge of the triangular pyramid frame is provided with a positioning slot. The dredged soil structural plate is located in the positioning slot. Each edge of the triangular pyramid frame Each vertex position is equipped with an underwater positioning component;
  • each dredged soil structural plate in the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure, and a circular opening is provided at the center of each dredged soil structural plate.
  • Telescopic rods are provided on both sides of the circular opening, and one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the outer wall of the dredged soil structural plate.
  • Each two telescopic rods are provided with a hemispherical cover at one end away from the dredged soil structural plate, and the hemispherical cover There is a floating ball in the inner cavity of the body;
  • Each of the underwater positioning components includes a circular base, a connecting threaded column is provided at the center of the lower side of each circular base, and three seafloor positioning cones are provided at the eccentric position of the upper side of each circular base, and each The three seafloor positioning cones on a circular base face different directions respectively.
  • each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole meshes with the connecting threaded column.
  • each telescopic rod is disposed in the groove of the hemispherical cover.
  • each of the hemispherical covers is provided with several water holes.
  • each dredged soil structural plate is undulating, porous and uneven.
  • each of the dredged soil structural panels includes dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement.
  • the mass percentages of each component in the dredged soil structural panels are: dredged soil 56-68%, fine sand 5-5%. 10%, cement 8-15% and curing agent 10-15%;
  • the preparation method of the dredged soil structural board includes the following steps:
  • the present invention improves the overall stability and pressure resistance of the frame due to the stability of the triangular structure, protects fish from damage by natural enemies, and improves Survival rate, and the dredged soil structural board is composed of dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement.
  • the main component of the dredged soil resource comes from the ocean. After being made into a reef structure, it is put into the ocean again and returned to the ocean for restoration, which is in line with the resources.
  • the low-carbon concept of recycling while the dredged soil is non-toxic and harmless, is more eco-friendly than traditional materials, can achieve the purpose of protecting aquatic life to a greater extent, and is widely used in habitat restoration And fishery restoration, the structural slabs prepared from dredged soil are undulating, porous and uneven, providing fish with breeding, food attachment points, places for growth and development.
  • the present invention achieves the goal of promoting the overall movement of the structure under the action of hydrodynamic force after the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure falls into the seabed by setting up three seafloor positioning cones with different orientations at each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame. , until the seabed positioning cone is inserted into the hole on the seabed to position the entire structure. Since the length of the seabed positioning cone is greater than the radius of the hemispherical cover, the volume of the hemispherical cover itself will not affect the insertion of the seabed positioning cone into the seabed hole. Compared with the current sawtooth structure at the bottom of the fish reef, it is more stable. After the structure is positioned, it will no longer sway and shift, providing a more stable place for fish to spawn, thereby better attracting fish. came in to breed, ultimately increasing the fish catch in the waters.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the triangular pyramid frame connection structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic rod and hemispherical cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the partial connection between the triangular pyramid frame and the dredged soil structural plate of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hemispherical cover.
  • Dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 11. Triangular pyramid frame; 111. Positioning slot; 112. Threaded hole; 12. Dredged soil structural plate; 121. Circular opening; 122. Inclined spawning trough ; 13. Telescopic rod; 14. Hemispherical cover; 141. Water hole; 142. Floating ball; 2. Underwater positioning component; 21. Circular base; 22. Connecting threaded column; 23. Seabed positioning cone.
  • an ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification includes a dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1, and the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1 includes a triangular pyramid frame 11 and four dredged Soil structure plate 12, each edge length of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is the same, and each dredged soil structure plate 12 is an equilateral triangle, and each edge of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is provided with a positioning slot. 111.
  • the dredged soil structural plate 12 is located in the positioning slot 111.
  • Each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is provided with an underwater positioning component 2; each dredged soil structural plate in the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1
  • a number of inclined spawning slots 122 are provided on the inner wall of each dredged soil structure plate 12, and a circular opening 121 is provided at the center of each dredged soil structural plate 12, and on both sides of each circular opening 121
  • Each two telescopic rods 13 are provided with a hemispherical cover 14 at one end away from the dredged soil structural plate 12, and the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover 14 is A float 142 is provided inside; each of the underwater positioning components 2 includes a circular base 21, and a connecting threaded column 22 is provided at the center of the lower side of each circular base 21, and a connecting threaded column 22 is provided on the upper side of each circular base 21.
  • Three sea bottom positioning cones 23 are provided at eccentric positions, and the three sea bottom positioning cones 23 on each circular base 21 face different directions respectively.
  • the above-mentioned structure provides a place for fish and plankton to breed, grow and develop by dredging the soil ecological fish reef structure 1, and can effectively block the impact of water flow and avoid fish eggs, bait and plankton from being washed away. Walk, and the structure is stable and has certain pressure resistance.
  • the specific operation is as follows. First, check whether each part of the entire structure is damaged. After ensuring that there is no damage, install the telescopic rod 13 on both sides of the circular opening 121, and place the sleeve part of the telescopic rod 13 on the hemispherical cover. In the groove of the body 14, since the cover body is hemispherical and has many small water holes 141 on it, under the impact of the water flow, the hemispherical appearance can better remove the force brought by the water flow. Without affecting the fish eggs inside, smaller plankton and food organisms can be introduced into the structure along the water holes 141 for fish to eat, and then the seabed positioning cone 23 is installed on the three sides by connecting the threaded column 22.
  • the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1 can then be thrown to the seabed. Due to the action of the water flow, the entire structure will be pushed to move on the seabed until the seabed positioning cone 23 is inserted into the hole on the seabed.
  • the hemispherical cover 14 on the dredged soil structural plate 12 at the bottom of the triangular pyramid frame 11 causes the hemispherical cover to float due to the effect of buoyancy.
  • the body 14 moves up to cover the circular opening 121 on the bottom dredged soil structural plate 12, and at the same time provides space for the seabed positioning cone 23 to be inserted into the seabed hole, lowering the center of gravity.
  • the body 14 opens the circular opening 121 to facilitate fish to enter and exit the structure, and to spawn and reproduce in the inclined spawning tank 122.
  • each dredged soil structural plate 12 is undulating, porous and uneven, which facilitates the attachment of algae and other phytoplankton.
  • the dredged soil structural board 12 includes dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement.
  • the mass percentages of each component in the dredged soil structural board 12 are: dredged soil 56-68%, fine sand 5-10%, cement 8 -15% and hardener 10-15%.
  • the preparation method of the dredged soil structural board 12 includes the following steps: S1, dry, crush and sieve the dredged soil.
  • the drying temperature of the dredged soil is 110-120°C, and the size after sieving is 0- 4mm; S2.
  • the pre-pressure pressure is 8 to 15 MPa, and the pressing time is 1 to 3 minutes; S5. Demold the pressed structural panel. Then let it stand at normal temperature or high temperature for curing.
  • the curing time varies from a few hours to a few days depending on the curing temperature.
  • each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is provided with a threaded hole 112, and the threaded hole 112 meshes with the connecting threaded column 22. Through the threaded hole 112 and the connecting threaded column 22, The meshing connection between them facilitates the installation of the seafloor positioning cone 23.
  • the sleeve part of each telescopic rod 13 is arranged in the groove of the hemispherical cover 14, so that the telescopic rod 13 can be completely retracted in the hemispherical cover.
  • each hemispherical cover 14 is provided with a number of water holes 141. Through the water holes 141 on the hemispherical cover 14, the impact of water flow on the interior of the structure is weakened. , and at the same time, feed organisms in the water are sent into the structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)

Abstract

An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification, comprising a dredged soil ecological fish reef structure (1), wherein the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure (1) comprises a triangular pyramid frame (11) and four dredged soil structural plates (12). Each edge of the triangular pyramid frame (11) is of the same length, each dredged soil structural plate (12) is in the form of an equilateral triangle, a positioning groove (111) is provided on each edge of the triangular pyramid frame (11), and the dredged soil structural plates (12) are located in the positioning grooves (111).

Description

一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification 技术领域Technical field
本发明主要涉及生态鱼礁的技术领域，具体为一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构。The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of ecological fish reefs, specifically an ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification.
背景技术Background technique
生态渔礁是水下人为设置的用于水生生物栖息繁衍的水工建筑物。生态鱼礁为鱼类、浮游生物提供繁殖、生长、发育的场所，能够达到保护、增殖和提高渔获量的目的，生态鱼礁同时具有改善水域生态环境，提升水域生态功能，广泛应用于栖息地修复和渔场修复，按照造礁材料，生态鱼礁可分为水泥礁、车船礁、石料礁、钢材礁等。Ecological fishing reefs are artificially constructed underwater structures for the habitat and reproduction of aquatic life. Ecological fish reefs provide a place for fish and plankton to reproduce, grow, and develop, and can achieve the purpose of protection, proliferation, and increase in fish catches. Ecological fish reefs can also improve the ecological environment of the water and enhance the ecological functions of the water, and are widely used in habitats. Land restoration and fishery restoration, according to reef building materials, ecological reefs can be divided into cement reefs, vehicle and boat reefs, stone reefs, steel reefs, etc.
在如今现有的生态鱼礁结构中，例如申请号为CN202110380701.2申请文案的技术结构中，包括底盘和五通结构体，所述五通结构体包括空心半圆柱体和空心圆柱体，所述的两个空心半圆柱体交叉布置在底盘上，所述空心圆柱体竖直布置在两个空心半圆柱体的交叉位置，空心半圆柱体和空心圆柱体的内腔相互贯通，所述的五通结构体表面均匀镶嵌有牡蛎壳，该结构体虽然实现了为鱼类提供繁殖、生长和发育庇护的场所，但是若放置在近海岸附近，或者流动的湖泊内，会将结构体内的鱼卵和饵料冲走，破坏鱼类的繁殖环境，并且现有技术主要采用钢筋混凝土加工生态鱼礁，一方面造成资源的极大浪费，另一方面生态友好性不足。In today's existing ecological fish reef structures, for example, the technical structure with application number CN202110380701.2 includes a chassis and a five-way structure. The five-way structure includes a hollow semi-cylinder and a hollow cylinder. The two hollow semi-cylinders are arranged crosswise on the chassis, and the hollow cylinder is vertically arranged at the intersection of the two hollow semi-cylinders. The inner cavities of the hollow semi-cylinders and the hollow cylinders are interconnected with each other. The surface of the five-way structure is evenly inlaid with oyster shells. Although this structure provides a place for fish to reproduce, grow and develop, if it is placed near the coast or in a flowing lake, the fish in the structure will be destroyed. Eggs and bait are washed away, destroying the breeding environment of fish, and the existing technology mainly uses reinforced concrete to process ecological fish reefs, which on the one hand results in a huge waste of resources and on the other hand is insufficiently eco-friendly.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明主要提供了一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构，用以解 决上述背景技术中提出的技术问题。The present invention mainly provides an ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification to solve the problem of Solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.
本发明解决上述技术问题采用的技术方案为：The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems are:
一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构,包括疏浚土生态鱼礁结构,所述疏浚土生态鱼礁结构包括三棱锥框架和四个疏浚土结构板，所述三棱锥框架的每条棱长度均相同，且每个疏浚土结构板均为等边三角形，所述三棱锥框架的每条棱上均设置有定位卡槽，疏浚土结构板位于定位卡槽内，所述三棱锥框架的每个顶点位置均设置有水底定位组件；An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification, including a dredged soil ecological fish reef structure. The dredged soil ecological fish reef structure includes a triangular pyramid frame and four dredged soil structural plates. Each edge length of the triangular pyramid frame is are the same, and each dredged soil structural plate is an equilateral triangle. Each edge of the triangular pyramid frame is provided with a positioning slot. The dredged soil structural plate is located in the positioning slot. Each edge of the triangular pyramid frame Each vertex position is equipped with an underwater positioning component;
所述疏浚土生态鱼礁结构中的每个疏浚土结构板内壁上均设置有若干个倾斜产卵槽，且每个所述疏浚土结构板的中心位置均设置有圆形开孔，每个所述圆形开孔的两侧均设置有伸缩杆，且伸缩杆一端与疏浚土结构板外壁连接，每两个伸缩杆远离疏浚土结构板一端共同设置有半球形盖体，且半球形盖体的内腔里设置有浮球；Several inclined spawning troughs are provided on the inner wall of each dredged soil structural plate in the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure, and a circular opening is provided at the center of each dredged soil structural plate. Telescopic rods are provided on both sides of the circular opening, and one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the outer wall of the dredged soil structural plate. Each two telescopic rods are provided with a hemispherical cover at one end away from the dredged soil structural plate, and the hemispherical cover There is a floating ball in the inner cavity of the body;
每个所述水底定位组件均包括圆形底座，每个圆形底座下侧的圆心位置均设置有连接螺纹柱，每个圆形底座上侧的偏心位置均设置有三个海底定位锥，且每个圆形底座上的三个海底定位锥分别朝向不同的方向。Each of the underwater positioning components includes a circular base, a connecting threaded column is provided at the center of the lower side of each circular base, and three seafloor positioning cones are provided at the eccentric position of the upper side of each circular base, and each The three seafloor positioning cones on a circular base face different directions respectively.
优选的，所述三棱锥框架的每个顶点位置均设置有螺纹孔，且螺纹孔与连接螺纹柱相互啮合。Preferably, each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole meshes with the connecting threaded column.
优选的，每个所述伸缩杆的套筒部分均设置在半球形盖体的凹槽内。Preferably, the sleeve portion of each telescopic rod is disposed in the groove of the hemispherical cover.
优选的，每个所述半球形盖体上均设置有若干个通水孔。 Preferably, each of the hemispherical covers is provided with several water holes.
优选的，每个所述疏浚土结构板外壁均为起伏、多孔和凹凸不平。Preferably, the outer wall of each dredged soil structural plate is undulating, porous and uneven.
优选的，每个所述疏浚土结构板包括疏浚土、细砂、固化剂和水泥，所述疏浚土结构板中各组分的质量百分数分别为：疏浚土56-68％、细砂5-10％、水泥8-15％和固化剂10-15％；Preferably, each of the dredged soil structural panels includes dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement. The mass percentages of each component in the dredged soil structural panels are: dredged soil 56-68%, fine sand 5-5%. 10%, cement 8-15% and curing agent 10-15%;
所述疏浚土结构板的制备方法包括如下步骤：The preparation method of the dredged soil structural board includes the following steps:
S1、将所述疏浚土烘干、碾碎并过筛，所述疏浚土的烘干温度为110-120℃，过筛后尺寸为0-4mm；S1. Dredge, crush and sieve the dredged soil. The drying temperature of the dredged soil is 110-120°C, and the size after sieving is 0-4mm;
S2、将所述疏浚土、细砂和水泥进行混合，并充分搅拌；S2. Mix the dredged soil, fine sand and cement and stir thoroughly;
S3、在充分混合后的疏浚土、细砂和水泥中加入固化剂和适量水，再次充分搅拌混合；S3. Add curing agent and appropriate amount of water to the fully mixed dredged soil, fine sand and cement, and stir thoroughly again;
S4、将混合后的原料放入等边三角形模具中，采用压力试验机压制成型，所述预压压力为8～15MPa,压制时间为1～3min；S4. Put the mixed raw materials into an equilateral triangle mold and press it into shape using a pressure testing machine. The pre-pressure pressure is 8 to 15 MPa, and the pressing time is 1 to 3 minutes;
S5、将压制成型的结构板脱模，脱模后静置常温或高温养护，养护时间根据养护温度在几个小时到几天不等。S5. Demold the pressed structural board. After demoulding, leave it to stand at room temperature or high temperature for curing. The curing time ranges from a few hours to a few days depending on the curing temperature.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明通过设置三棱锥框架和等边三角形的疏浚土结构板，由于三角形的结构具有稳定性，提高了框架整体的稳定性和抗压能力，保护了鱼类免受天敌破坏，提高成活率，且疏浚土结构板是由疏浚土、细砂、固化剂和水泥组成，其中主要成分的疏浚土资源来源于海洋，制作成鱼礁结构后再次投入海洋，回归于海洋修复，符合资源循环利用的低碳理念，同时疏浚土无毒无害，相比传统材料更生态友好，能更大程度发挥水生生物保护的目的，广泛应用于栖息地修复 和渔场修复，疏浚土制备成的结构板是起伏、多孔和凹凸不平的，为鱼类提供繁殖、食物的附着点、生长和发育的场所。(1) By arranging a triangular pyramid frame and an equilateral triangle dredged soil structural plate, the present invention improves the overall stability and pressure resistance of the frame due to the stability of the triangular structure, protects fish from damage by natural enemies, and improves Survival rate, and the dredged soil structural board is composed of dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement. The main component of the dredged soil resource comes from the ocean. After being made into a reef structure, it is put into the ocean again and returned to the ocean for restoration, which is in line with the resources. The low-carbon concept of recycling, while the dredged soil is non-toxic and harmless, is more eco-friendly than traditional materials, can achieve the purpose of protecting aquatic life to a greater extent, and is widely used in habitat restoration And fishery restoration, the structural slabs prepared from dredged soil are undulating, porous and uneven, providing fish with breeding, food attachment points, places for growth and development.
(2)本发明通过设置三棱锥框架的每个顶点位置的三个不同朝向的海底定位锥，来达到在疏浚土生态鱼礁结构坠入海底后，在水动力的作用下，推动结构整体移动，直到海底定位锥插在海底的孔洞内达到对结构整体的定位，由于海底定位锥的长度大于半球形盖体的半径，从而半球形盖体自身的体积不会影响海底定位锥插入海底孔洞内，相比现如今在鱼礁底部设置锯齿结构更加稳定，结构体定位后不会再出现摇摆和偏移的现象，为鱼类产卵提供了一个更加稳定的场所，从而更好的吸引鱼类进来繁殖，最终提高了该水域的鱼获量。(2) The present invention achieves the goal of promoting the overall movement of the structure under the action of hydrodynamic force after the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure falls into the seabed by setting up three seafloor positioning cones with different orientations at each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame. , until the seabed positioning cone is inserted into the hole on the seabed to position the entire structure. Since the length of the seabed positioning cone is greater than the radius of the hemispherical cover, the volume of the hemispherical cover itself will not affect the insertion of the seabed positioning cone into the seabed hole. Compared with the current sawtooth structure at the bottom of the fish reef, it is more stable. After the structure is positioned, it will no longer sway and shift, providing a more stable place for fish to spawn, thereby better attracting fish. came in to breed, ultimately increasing the fish catch in the waters.
(3)本发明通过设置半球形盖体内的浮球和伸缩杆，使得在结构体坠入海底后，由浮球产生的浮力，使得每个半球形盖体均上移，而三棱锥框架底部的疏浚土结构板上的半球形盖体则会上移盖住圆形开孔，可为海底定位锥插入海底孔洞提供空间，另外三个疏浚土结构板上的圆形盖体则会上移打开圆形开孔方便鱼类进出结构体，进行繁殖产卵，并且盖体的半球形外观，可以有效的阻挡水流动带来的冲击，避免了鱼卵、饵料和浮游生物被冲走。(3) In the present invention, by arranging floating balls and telescopic rods in the hemispherical cover body, after the structure falls into the seabed, the buoyancy generated by the floating balls causes each hemispherical cover body to move upward, and the bottom of the triangular pyramid frame The hemispherical cover on the dredged soil structural plate will move up to cover the circular opening, which can provide space for the seabed positioning cone to be inserted into the seabed hole. The circular covers on the other three dredged soil structural plates will move up. Opening the circular opening facilitates fish to enter and exit the structure for breeding and spawning, and the hemispherical appearance of the cover can effectively block the impact of water flow, preventing fish eggs, bait and plankton from being washed away.
以下将结合附图与具体的实施例对本发明进行详细的解释说明。The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明的三棱锥框架连接结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the triangular pyramid frame connection structure of the present invention;
图3为本发明的伸缩杆和半球形盖体结构示意图； Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic rod and hemispherical cover of the present invention;
图4为本发明的三棱锥框架和疏浚土结构板局部连接截面示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the partial connection between the triangular pyramid frame and the dredged soil structural plate of the present invention;
图5为图2A区放大示意图；Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Figure 2;
图6为半球形盖体截面示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hemispherical cover.
附图说明：1、疏浚土生态鱼礁结构；11、三棱锥框架；111、定位卡槽；112、螺纹孔；12、疏浚土结构板；121、圆形开孔；122、倾斜产卵槽；13、伸缩杆；14、半球形盖体；141、通水孔；142、浮球；2、水底定位组件；21、圆形底座；22、连接螺纹柱；23、海底定位锥。Description of the drawings: 1. Dredged soil ecological fish reef structure; 11. Triangular pyramid frame; 111. Positioning slot; 112. Threaded hole; 12. Dredged soil structural plate; 121. Circular opening; 122. Inclined spawning trough ; 13. Telescopic rod; 14. Hemispherical cover; 141. Water hole; 142. Floating ball; 2. Underwater positioning component; 21. Circular base; 22. Connecting threaded column; 23. Seabed positioning cone.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更加全面的描述，附图中给出了本发明的若干实施例，但是本发明可以通过不同的形式来实现，并不限于文本所描述的实施例，相反的，提供这些实施例是为了使对本发明公开的内容更加透彻全面。In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to what is described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the present invention will be thorough and complete.
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固设于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上也可以存在居中的元件，当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件，本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。Note that when an element is said to be "anchored" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can be present. When an element is said to be "connected" to another element, it can be The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常连接的含义相同，本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语知识为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于 限制本发明，本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly used by one skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments. The purpose is not to As a limitation of the invention, the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
实施例一：Example 1:
请着重参照附图1-6所示,一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构,包括疏浚土生态鱼礁结构1,所述疏浚土生态鱼礁结构1包括三棱锥框架11和四个疏浚土结构板12，所述三棱锥框架11的每条棱长度均相同，且每个疏浚土结构板12均为等边三角形，所述三棱锥框架11的每条棱上均设置有定位卡槽111，疏浚土结构板12位于定位卡槽111内，所述三棱锥框架11的每个顶点位置均设置有水底定位组件2；所述疏浚土生态鱼礁结构1中的每个疏浚土结构板12内壁上均设置有若干个倾斜产卵槽122，且每个所述疏浚土结构板12的中心位置均设置有圆形开孔121，每个所述圆形开孔121的两侧均设置有伸缩杆13，且伸缩杆13一端与疏浚土结构板12外壁连接，每两个伸缩杆13远离疏浚土结构板12一端共同设置有半球形盖体14，且半球形盖体14的内腔里设置有浮球142；每个所述水底定位组件2均包括圆形底座21，每个圆形底座21下侧的圆心位置均设置有连接螺纹柱22，每个圆形底座21上侧的偏心位置均设置有三个海底定位锥23，且每个圆形底座21上的三个海底定位锥23分别朝向不同的方向。Please refer specifically to the accompanying drawings 1-6, an ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification includes a dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1, and the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1 includes a triangular pyramid frame 11 and four dredged Soil structure plate 12, each edge length of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is the same, and each dredged soil structure plate 12 is an equilateral triangle, and each edge of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is provided with a positioning slot. 111. The dredged soil structural plate 12 is located in the positioning slot 111. Each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is provided with an underwater positioning component 2; each dredged soil structural plate in the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1 A number of inclined spawning slots 122 are provided on the inner wall of each dredged soil structure plate 12, and a circular opening 121 is provided at the center of each dredged soil structural plate 12, and on both sides of each circular opening 121 There is a telescopic rod 13, and one end of the telescopic rod 13 is connected to the outer wall of the dredged soil structural plate 12. Each two telescopic rods 13 are provided with a hemispherical cover 14 at one end away from the dredged soil structural plate 12, and the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover 14 is A float 142 is provided inside; each of the underwater positioning components 2 includes a circular base 21, and a connecting threaded column 22 is provided at the center of the lower side of each circular base 21, and a connecting threaded column 22 is provided on the upper side of each circular base 21. Three sea bottom positioning cones 23 are provided at eccentric positions, and the three sea bottom positioning cones 23 on each circular base 21 face different directions respectively.
上述结构通过疏浚土生态鱼礁结构1，实现了为鱼类、浮游生物提供繁殖、生长、发育的场所，能够有效的阻挡水流动带来的冲击，避免了鱼卵、饵料和浮游生物被冲走，并且结构稳定，有一定的抗压 能力，免受天敌破坏，能够达到保护、增殖和提高渔获量的目的，同时具有改善水域生态环境，提升水域生态功能的作用，广泛应用于栖息地修复和渔场修复；The above-mentioned structure provides a place for fish and plankton to breed, grow and develop by dredging the soil ecological fish reef structure 1, and can effectively block the impact of water flow and avoid fish eggs, bait and plankton from being washed away. Walk, and the structure is stable and has certain pressure resistance. Ability to protect from natural enemies, achieve the purpose of protection, proliferation and increase fish catches, and at the same time improve the ecological environment of waters and enhance the ecological functions of waters, and are widely used in habitat restoration and fishery restoration;
具体操作如下，首先将检查结构整体上的各个部分是否存在损坏，在确保无损坏后，将伸缩杆13安装在圆形开孔121两侧，并将伸缩杆13套筒部分放到半球形盖体14的凹槽内，由于盖体为半球形，且上面有很多细小的通水孔141，从而在水流的冲击下，通过半球形的外观更好的卸掉水流带来的作用力，在不影响内部的鱼卵的情况下，又可以将较小的浮游生物和饵料生物顺着通水孔141进入结构体内，供鱼类食用，然后通过连接螺纹柱22将海底定位锥23安装在三棱锥框架11的各个顶角位置，然后便可将疏浚土生态鱼礁结构1投掷到海底，由于水流的作用下，会推动结构整体在海底移动，直到海底定位锥23插入海底的孔洞内，达到对结构体的定位，由于每个半球形盖体14内都有浮球142，使得三棱锥框架11底部的疏浚土结构板12上的半球形盖体14由于浮力的作用，使得半球形盖体14上移，盖住底部的疏浚土结构板12上的圆形开孔121，同时为海底定位锥23插入海底孔洞提供空间，降低重心，然而另外三个疏浚土结构板12上的半球形盖体14在浮力的作用下，打开圆形开孔121，方便鱼类进出结构体，在倾斜产卵槽122内进行产卵繁殖。The specific operation is as follows. First, check whether each part of the entire structure is damaged. After ensuring that there is no damage, install the telescopic rod 13 on both sides of the circular opening 121, and place the sleeve part of the telescopic rod 13 on the hemispherical cover. In the groove of the body 14, since the cover body is hemispherical and has many small water holes 141 on it, under the impact of the water flow, the hemispherical appearance can better remove the force brought by the water flow. Without affecting the fish eggs inside, smaller plankton and food organisms can be introduced into the structure along the water holes 141 for fish to eat, and then the seabed positioning cone 23 is installed on the three sides by connecting the threaded column 22. At each vertex position of the pyramid frame 11, the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1 can then be thrown to the seabed. Due to the action of the water flow, the entire structure will be pushed to move on the seabed until the seabed positioning cone 23 is inserted into the hole on the seabed. For the positioning of the structure, since there is a float 142 in each hemispherical cover 14, the hemispherical cover 14 on the dredged soil structural plate 12 at the bottom of the triangular pyramid frame 11 causes the hemispherical cover to float due to the effect of buoyancy. 14 moves up to cover the circular opening 121 on the bottom dredged soil structural plate 12, and at the same time provides space for the seabed positioning cone 23 to be inserted into the seabed hole, lowering the center of gravity. However, the other three hemispherical covers on the dredged soil structural plate 12 Under the action of buoyancy, the body 14 opens the circular opening 121 to facilitate fish to enter and exit the structure, and to spawn and reproduce in the inclined spawning tank 122.
实施例二：Example 2:
请着重参照附图1和2所示，每个所述疏浚土结构板12外壁均为起伏、多孔和凹凸不平，便于藻类等浮游动植物附着，每个所述疏 浚土结构板12包括疏浚土、细砂、固化剂和水泥，所述疏浚土结构板12中各组分的质量百分数分别为：疏浚土56-68％、细砂5-10％、水泥8-15％和固化剂10-15％。Please refer to the accompanying drawings 1 and 2. The outer wall of each dredged soil structural plate 12 is undulating, porous and uneven, which facilitates the attachment of algae and other phytoplankton. The dredged soil structural board 12 includes dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement. The mass percentages of each component in the dredged soil structural board 12 are: dredged soil 56-68%, fine sand 5-10%, cement 8 -15% and hardener 10-15%.
疏浚土结构板12的制备方法，包括如下步骤：S1、将所述疏浚土烘干、碾碎并过筛，所述疏浚土的烘干温度为110-120℃，过筛后尺寸为0-4mm；S2、将所述疏浚土、细砂和水泥进行混合，并充分搅拌；S3、在充分混合后的疏浚土、细砂和水泥中加入固化剂和适量水，再次充分搅拌混合；S4、将混合后的原料放入等边三角形模具中，采用压力试验机压制成型，所述预压压力为8～15MPa,压制时间为1～3min；S5、将压制成型的结构板脱模，脱模后静置常温或高温养护，养护时间根据养护温度在几个小时到几天不等。The preparation method of the dredged soil structural board 12 includes the following steps: S1, dry, crush and sieve the dredged soil. The drying temperature of the dredged soil is 110-120°C, and the size after sieving is 0- 4mm; S2. Mix the dredged soil, fine sand and cement, and stir thoroughly; S3. Add a curing agent and an appropriate amount of water to the fully mixed dredged soil, fine sand and cement, and stir thoroughly again; S4. Put the mixed raw materials into an equilateral triangle mold, and press it with a pressure testing machine. The pre-pressure pressure is 8 to 15 MPa, and the pressing time is 1 to 3 minutes; S5. Demold the pressed structural panel. Then let it stand at normal temperature or high temperature for curing. The curing time varies from a few hours to a few days depending on the curing temperature.
实施例三：Embodiment three:
请着重参照附图3和5所示，所述三棱锥框架11的每个顶点位置均设置有螺纹孔112，且螺纹孔112与连接螺纹柱22相互啮合，通过螺纹孔112和连接螺纹柱22之间的啮合连接，实现了便于对海底定位锥23的安装，每个所述伸缩杆13的套筒部分均设置在半球形盖体14的凹槽内，使得伸缩杆13可以完全收缩在半球形盖体14内，每个所述半球形盖体14上均设置有若干个通水孔141，通过半球形盖体14上的通水孔141，实现了弱化水流对结构体内部的冲击力，同时将水中的饵料生物送入结构体内。Please refer to Figures 3 and 5. Each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame 11 is provided with a threaded hole 112, and the threaded hole 112 meshes with the connecting threaded column 22. Through the threaded hole 112 and the connecting threaded column 22, The meshing connection between them facilitates the installation of the seafloor positioning cone 23. The sleeve part of each telescopic rod 13 is arranged in the groove of the hemispherical cover 14, so that the telescopic rod 13 can be completely retracted in the hemispherical cover. In the hemispherical cover 14, each hemispherical cover 14 is provided with a number of water holes 141. Through the water holes 141 on the hemispherical cover 14, the impact of water flow on the interior of the structure is weakened. , and at the same time, feed organisms in the water are sent into the structure.
上述结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述，显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进 行的这种非实质改进，或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其他场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。 The present invention has been exemplarily described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above manner, as long as the method, concept and technical solution of the present invention are adopted. Such insubstantial improvements, or the direct application of the concepts and technical solutions of the present invention to other situations without improvement, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

  1. 一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构,包括疏浚土生态鱼礁结构(1)，其特征在于,所述疏浚土生态鱼礁结构(1)包括三棱锥框架(11)和四个疏浚土结构板(12)，所述三棱锥框架(11)的每条棱长度均相同，且每个疏浚土结构板(12)均为等边三角形，所述三棱锥框架(11)的每条棱上均设置有定位卡槽(111)，疏浚土结构板(12)位于定位卡槽(111)内，所述三棱锥框架(11)的每个顶点位置均设置有水底定位组件(2)；An ecological fish reef structure based on the solidification of dredged soil, including a dredged soil ecological fish reef structure (1), characterized in that the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure (1) includes a triangular pyramid frame (11) and four dredged soil Structural board (12), each edge length of the triangular pyramid frame (11) is the same, and each dredged soil structural board (12) is an equilateral triangle, each edge of the triangular pyramid frame (11) Positioning slots (111) are provided on both sides, the dredged soil structural plate (12) is located in the positioning slot (111), and an underwater positioning assembly (2) is provided at each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame (11);
    所述疏浚土生态鱼礁结构1中的每个疏浚土结构板12内壁上均设置有若干个倾斜产卵槽(122)，且每个所述疏浚土结构板(12)的中心位置均设置有圆形开孔(121)，每个所述圆形开孔(121)的两侧均设置有伸缩杆(13)，且伸缩杆(13)一端与疏浚土结构板(12)外壁连接，每两个伸缩杆(13)远离疏浚土结构板(12)一端共同设置有半球形盖体(14)，且半球形盖体(14)的内腔里设置有浮球(142)；Several inclined spawning grooves (122) are provided on the inner wall of each dredged soil structural plate 12 in the dredged soil ecological fish reef structure 1, and the center position of each dredged soil structural plate (12) is provided with There are circular openings (121), and telescopic rods (13) are provided on both sides of each circular opening (121), and one end of the telescopic rod (13) is connected to the outer wall of the dredged soil structural plate (12). Each two telescopic rods (13) are jointly provided with a hemispherical cover (14) at one end away from the dredged soil structural plate (12), and a floating ball (142) is provided in the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover (14);
    每个所述水底定位组件(2)均包括圆形底座(21)，每个圆形底座(21)下侧的圆心位置均设置有连接螺纹柱(22)，每个圆形底座(21)上侧的偏心位置均设置有三个海底定位锥(23)，且每个圆形底座(21)上的三个海底定位锥(23)分别朝向不同的方向。Each of the underwater positioning components (2) includes a circular base (21). A connecting threaded column (22) is provided at the center of the lower side of each circular base (21). Each circular base (21) Three sea bottom positioning cones (23) are provided at eccentric positions on the upper side, and the three sea bottom positioning cones (23) on each circular base (21) face different directions respectively.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构，其特征在于，所述三棱锥框架(11)的每个顶点位置均设置有螺纹孔(112)，且螺纹孔(112)与连接螺纹柱(22)相互啮合。An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that each vertex position of the triangular pyramid frame (11) is provided with a threaded hole (112), and the threaded hole (112) ) meshes with the connecting threaded column (22).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构，其特征在于，每个所述伸缩杆(13)的套筒部分均设置在半球形盖体 (14)的凹槽内。An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve part of each telescopic rod (13) is arranged on the hemispherical cover body (14) in the groove.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构，其特征在于，每个所述半球形盖体(14)上均设置有若干个通水孔(141)。An ecological fish reef structure based on solidified dredged soil according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the hemispherical covers (14) is provided with several water holes (141).
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构，其特征在于，每个所述疏浚土结构板(12)外壁均为起伏、多孔和凹凸不平。An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer wall of each dredged soil structural plate (12) is undulating, porous and uneven.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种基于疏浚土固化的生态鱼礁结构，其特征在于，每个所述疏浚土结构板(12)的生产原料包括疏浚土、细砂、固化剂和水泥，所述疏浚土结构板(12)中各组分的质量百分数分别为：疏浚土56-68％、细砂5-10％、水泥8-15％和固化剂10-15％；An ecological fish reef structure based on dredged soil solidification according to claim 5, characterized in that the production raw materials of each dredged soil structural panel (12) include dredged soil, fine sand, curing agent and cement, so The mass percentages of each component in the dredged soil structural board (12) are: dredged soil 56-68%, fine sand 5-10%, cement 8-15% and curing agent 10-15%;
    所述疏浚土结构板(12)的制备方法包括如下步骤：The preparation method of the dredged soil structural plate (12) includes the following steps:
    S1、将所述疏浚土烘干、碾碎并过筛，所述疏浚土的烘干温度为110-120℃，过筛后尺寸为0-4mm；S1. Dredge, crush and sieve the dredged soil. The drying temperature of the dredged soil is 110-120°C, and the size after sieving is 0-4mm;
    S2、将所述疏浚土、细砂和水泥进行混合，并充分搅拌；S2. Mix the dredged soil, fine sand and cement and stir thoroughly;
    S3、在充分混合后的疏浚土、细砂和水泥中加入固化剂和水，再次充分搅拌混合；S3. Add curing agent and water to the fully mixed dredged soil, fine sand and cement, and stir thoroughly again;
    S4、将混合后的原料放入等边三角形模具中，采用压力试验机压制成型，所述预压压力为8～15MPa,压制时间为1～3min；S4. Put the mixed raw materials into an equilateral triangle mold and press it into shape using a pressure testing machine. The pre-pressure pressure is 8 to 15 MPa, and the pressing time is 1 to 3 minutes;
    S5、将压制成型的结构板脱模，脱模后静置，常温或高温养护。 S5. Remove the pressed structural board from the mold, leave it to rest at room temperature or high temperature for curing.
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