JP3304764B2 - Porous block and its construction - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sediment-retaining embankment provided in a river revetment block or a valley, a retaining wall used for terrain with a lot of spring water, and a fish nest, a reef by submerging underwater. It relates to a porous block that can be used as an algae reef and its construction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional river revetment block is entirely made of ordinary concrete.

[0003]

However, since the above-mentioned conventional block is made of concrete, there is no suitable space for growing plant roots, and it is difficult to plant green.

[0004] In addition, there is a problem that the landscape of a river becomes monotonous as an environmental condition, and the creatures of the river, particularly the species of freshwater fish are reduced or destroyed, and plants on the waterside are eliminated.

Further, since the conventional river protection block is made of concrete, it is difficult for various microorganisms to inhabit and the purification function is dull.

[0006] Further, in the conventional landslide prevention levee provided in a valley or the like, or a retaining wall used for terrain with a lot of spring water,
The water retention was too high due to the concrete, which could cause the bank to break.

[0007] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a porous block and a structure thereof that create an environment in which organisms and plants can easily live, and that improve disaster prevention and natural aesthetics.

[0008]

According to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5, a porous block is provided with a main body 1 and water or air passing from the surface of the main body 1 to the inside. And a first through-hole 3a formed in the center of the main body 1 to connect a plurality of the block main bodies 1 in the first direction X; A second through-hole 3b formed to be shifted from the center of the block body 1 to connect the blocks in the second direction Y, and a block body 1 to connect a plurality of the block bodies 1 in the third direction Z. Third through-hole 3c formed off the center of
And the first, second, and third directions X, Y, and Z
Are orthogonal to each other without intersecting each other.

In the above means for solving the problems, a plurality of block bodies 1 are connected in the second and third directions Y and Z, and the long bolts 4a and 4b are respectively connected to the second through hole 3b and the third through hole 3c.
A structure in which both ends of the long bolts 4a, 4b, 4c are passed through 4b, 4c and fastened by nuts 5 to be fixed in a planar manner is used as a river bank.

A plurality of block bodies 1 are connected in the first, second, and third directions X, Y, and Z, and the first through holes 3a are formed.
, The second through hole 3b and the third through hole 3c through the long bolts 4a, 4b, 4c respectively.
A construction in which both ends of 4c are fixed three-dimensionally by fastening nuts 5 with nuts 5 is used as a sediment-fall prevention dike (FIG. 7) such as a revetment of a river or a valley.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1-A, B, FIG. 2-A, B,
The porous block of the first embodiment will be described based on C and D. A concrete block main body 1 which is hardened and molded into a spherical shape, a gap 2 formed to allow water and air to pass through the main body 1, A first through-hole 3a having a tapered shape formed at the center of the main body 1 for connecting a plurality of the block main bodies 1 in the first direction X; And a third through hole 3b formed offset from the center of the block body 1 and a third through hole 3b formed offset from the center of the block body 1 to connect a plurality of the block bodies 1 in the third direction Z. The first, second, and third directions X, Y, and Z are orthogonal to each other without intersecting with each other.

The plurality of blocks are connected to the block body 1 in the second and third directions Y and Z, and the long bolts 4b and 4b are respectively connected to the second through hole 3b and the third through hole 3c.
c, the two ends of the long bolts 4b, 4c are fastened with nuts 5 and fixed in a planar manner to form a construction. In addition, a well-known wire or the like and a stopper at both ends thereof may be used instead of the bolt and nut.

Referring to FIG. 1A, a void 2 formed to allow water and air to pass from the surface of the block body 1 to the inside will be described. Porous concrete is used to generate the void 2. . Materials for the porous concrete include cement, sand having a special particle size, gravel having a discontinuous particle size, a special admixture material for improving the adhesive strength of the cement, and water. And formed.

Regarding the size of the gap 2, when the diameter of the block main body 1 is 250 mm, the maximum is 25 to 30 mm and the minimum is about the unit of a capillary. In addition, the porosity varies depending on the purpose of the function, but is 15 to 25 times the volume of one block body 1.
%, And concrete having a compressive strength of about 180 kg / cm ² is used.

Furthermore, three through-holes 3a, 3b, 3c provided for connecting a plurality of block main bodies 1 to each other.
To explain, these three through holes 3a, 3b,
In order to prevent the three long bolts 4a, 4b, 4c from hitting 3c, they are respectively shifted from each other.
By forming only the first through hole 3a in the center of the block body 1, the tightening force of the bolt is prevented from shifting. Furthermore, this ensures that the direction of the block main body 1 can be easily determined only by visual observation at the time of assembling work, and that the stability of each block main body 1 at the time of suspending the assembled product is ensured.

Regarding the assembling and installation method of the first embodiment, as described above, a plurality of block main bodies 1 are connected in the second and third directions Y and Z, and the second through-hole 3b and
Pass the long bolts 4b, 4c through the third through holes 3c, respectively,
The both ends of the long bolts 4b and 4c are fastened with nuts 5 and fixed. Regarding the installation, such a work is performed directly on the site, or assembled near or at a factory, and installed using a crane or the like.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of the first embodiment spread over a river bank, and a part of the upper structure D2 is shifted to the concave portion d of the lower structure D1 to form a two-stage structure. Things.

FIG. 5E shows the construction D of the first embodiment.
3 was installed on a river embankment, covered with soil, and planted grass and other plants. Similarly, F and G in FIG. 5 show constructs D5 and D6 of the first embodiment, and constructs D7 to D11 (note that
D10 and D11 have a small number of blocks, so they are connected to the lower construction using a wire rope. ) Is installed on the bottom of the river, underwater, and above the water to control the water flow and purify the water quality. It is also a habitat for underwater creatures (spawning, hatching, rest, foraging, evacuation, nesting).

In the above description, the block is a true spherical concrete block. However, in the present invention, the block may be, for example, an elliptical sphere, a polyhedral shape close to these spheres, or a small flat surface or irregularities. The block 2 may be formed into a substantially spherical shape having a portion, using a gravel or low-foam plastic instead of concrete, and a gap 2 provided in the block body 1 to allow water or air to pass therethrough from the surface to the inside. First and / or second through-holes 3a, 3b formed in the center of the main body 1 to make a plurality of the block main bodies 1 continuous in the first or (and) second direction X, Y. ,
The first and second directions X and Y may be directions orthogonal to each other.

FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D show a second embodiment, in which a plurality of block bodies 1 are arranged in first, second and third directions X,
Y, Z, the first through-hole 3a, the second through-hole 3
b and third bolts 4a, 4b,
4c, the two ends of the long bolts 4a, 4b, 4c are fastened with nuts 5 and fixed three-dimensionally.

The assembling and installation method of the second embodiment is such that a long bolt 4a is passed through a single first through hole 3a of the block main body 1 and a lower end of the long bolt 4a is fastened with a nut 5. Are connected in the second and third directions Y and Z, and long bolts 4b and 4c are passed through the second through hole 3b and the third through hole 3c, respectively. Both ends are fixed with nuts 5. Thereafter, from the second stage to the uppermost stage, the block body 1 is penetrated by the long bolt 4a, and the second and third directions Y,
Z through the long bolts 4b and 4c, respectively,
Both ends of b and 4c are fastened with nuts 5 and fixed. Finally,
Connect the end of the long bolt 4a of the uppermost block body 1 to the nut 5
And fix it with. Note that wires may be used instead of bolts and nuts. Installation and other configurations and actions
This is the same as the first embodiment.

FIG. 5H shows a construction in which a plurality of block bodies 1 are stacked in a six-tiered construction D4 on the revetment of a river for the purpose of consolidation.

I in FIG. 6 is the same as H in FIG. 5, and a construction D12 formed by stacking a plurality of block bodies 1 in four stages is attached to both ends of a rod as shown in FIGS. A long bolt 4b is attached to the perforated plate by a connecting means comprising a connecting member 6 to which the perforated plate is fixed, and a connecting member 7 comprising a U-shaped bar and a connecting pin.
It is connected by tightening and installed on the revetment of the river. J in FIG. 6 shows a construction D13 formed by stacking a plurality of block bodies 1 in two stages and connecting them by the connecting members 6 and the connection fittings 7 and laying them on a bank embankment of a river.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show a construction D14 formed by stacking a plurality of block bodies 1 in four stages and connecting them by the connecting member 6 and the connection fittings 7 (FIGS. 8A and 8B). In a similar manner, they are stacked on top of each other and installed as sediment-fall prevention dikes in valleys or earth retaining walls at locations with a lot of spring water.

FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment in which a porous small sphere block 8 circumscribing each main body 1 is incorporated in the space between each step of the block main body 1 in the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 shows a fourth embodiment, in which a block body 1 is provided.
Is formed with a small flat surface 9 at the bottom. The other configurations and operations of the two embodiments are the same as those of the first embodiment. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that many modifications and changes can be made to the above-described embodiment within the scope of the present invention. For example, a construction in which a plurality of block bodies 1 are connected, a long bolt 4 is passed through the through hole 3b, and both ends of the long bolts 4b and 4c are fastened with nuts 5 is also within the scope of the present invention.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a space for allowing water or air to pass therethrough is provided, and a substantially spherically hardened and molded block is assembled and installed three-dimensionally or three-dimensionally. This has excellent effects, such as creating an environment where organisms and plants can easily live, as well as improving disaster prevention and natural beauty.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a partially broken perspective view of a porous block according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a front view of the same.

FIG. 2-A is a plan view of a porous block construction according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2-B is also a front view.

FIG. 2C is a side view of the same.

FIG. 2D is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 3-A is a plan view of the construction of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3B is a front view of the same.

FIG. 3C is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3D is a partial sectional view of the same.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in which the construct of the present invention is used for revetment of a river.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view similarly used for revetment of a river.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view similarly used for revetment of a river.

FIG. 7A is a front view of the valley and the like used as a sediment loss prevention embankment and an earth retaining wall.

FIG. 7B is a side view of the same.

FIG. 8A is a plan view of a portion showing a connecting member and a connection fitting for connecting a building.

FIG. 8B is a side view of a portion showing the connecting member and the connection fitting.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the construction of the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a block according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Block body 2 Air gap 3a First through hole 3b Second through hole 3c Third through hole 4a, 4b, 4c Long bolt 5 Nut X First direction Y Second direction Z Third direction

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 3/14

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. Molded using porous concrete,
A porosity of 15 to 2 to allow water and air to pass from the surface to the inside
Has a large number of continuous voids of 5% and a compressive strength of 180 k
a substantially spherical porous block, which is the g / cm ² or so, and the first through-hole formed in the center portion of the body in order to continuously a plurality of block body in a first direction, said Bro <br /> a second through hole formed deviated from the center portion of the block body in order to continuously a plurality of click body in the second direction, before
A third through hole formed to be offset from the center of the block body so as to make a plurality of the block bodies continuous in the third direction, wherein the first, second, and third directions intersect with each other. A porous block that has a perpendicular direction. 2. Molded using porous concrete,
A porosity of 15 to 2 to allow water and air to pass from the surface to the inside
Has a large number of continuous voids of 5% and a compressive strength of 180 k
g / cm ^{2, wherein} the plurality of substantially spherical porous blocks are three-dimensionally connected to each other using long bolts. and the first through-hole formed in the center portion of the body in order to continuously in one direction, the second through-formed displaced from the center portion of the block body a plurality of the block body in order to continuously in the second direction It includes a hole, and a third through hole of the plurality of said block body being formed deviated from the center portion of the block body in order to continuously to a three-way, the first,
The second and third directions are directions orthogonal to each other without intersecting each other, and a plurality of the porous blocks are connected in the first, second, and third directions, and the first through-hole and the second A construction of a porous block in which a long bolt is passed through the through hole and the third through hole, and an end of the long bolt is fastened with a nut. 3. A space between each step of the porous block,
3. The porous block construction according to claim 2, wherein a porous small sphere block circumscribing each porous block is incorporated. 4. Molded using porous concrete,
A porosity of 15 to 2 to allow water and air to pass from the surface to the inside
Has a large number of continuous voids of 5% and a compressive strength of 180 k
g / cm ^{2 of} approximately spherical porous block
It is a structure formed by connecting several pieces , wherein each of the porous blocks is located at the center of the block body.
And the first through-hole formed, said a plurality of block body in order to continuously in the second direction and a second through hole formed deviated from the center portion of the block body, a plurality of the block body third A third through-hole formed offset from the center of the block body to be continuous in the direction, the first, second, and third directions are directions orthogonal to each other without intersecting with each other; A plurality of material blocks are connected in the second and third directions, a long bolt is passed through each of the second through-hole and the third through-hole, and ends thereof are tightened with nuts .
A structure of a porous block formed by connecting porous blocks in a plane . 5. A structure obtained by combining the porous block structure according to claim 4 in upper and lower stages, wherein a part of the upper stage structure is formed between the spherical porous blocks in the lower stage structure. Porous block shifted in the recess
Rock construct.