WO2024008025A1 - 通信方法和通信装置 - Google Patents

通信方法和通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024008025A1
WO2024008025A1 PCT/CN2023/105321 CN2023105321W WO2024008025A1 WO 2024008025 A1 WO2024008025 A1 WO 2024008025A1 CN 2023105321 W CN2023105321 W CN 2023105321W WO 2024008025 A1 WO2024008025 A1 WO 2024008025A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ppdu
mpdu
communication device
information
frequency band
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PCT/CN2023/105321
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于健
阮卫
郭宇宸
淦明
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024008025A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024008025A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication, and more specifically, to a communication method and a communication device.
  • the access point sends multicast data one or more times to the station (station, STA) in the multicast group. After sending the multicast data, the AP can send block acknowledgment request frames to the STAs in the group one by one to obtain the block acknowledgment frame of each STA.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device, in order to improve resource utilization and multicast data transmission efficiency.
  • the first aspect provides a communication method, which can be executed by an STA or a module (such as a chip) configured in the STA.
  • the method includes: receiving a first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from a first communication device, the first PPDU including a data field including multicast data of a plurality of communication devices; at a first time and in a first frequency band Send a second PPDU, the second PPDU carries a first MPDU, the first MPDU includes first information, the first information is used to indicate that the data field is not received correctly, and the first moment is among the plurality of communication devices.
  • the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU
  • the second communication device is the communication device that does not correctly receive the data field
  • the first frequency band is the frequency band in which the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU.
  • the STA in the STA group only sends a non-acknowledgement frame to the AP if the data field is not received correctly. Since the probability of not receiving the data field is small relative to the probability of receiving the data field, the STA only feeds back
  • the non-acknowledgment frame ie, the first MPDU
  • the non-acknowledgment frame can reduce the STA power overhead and radio resource overhead for correctly receiving the data field.
  • multiple STAs that have not correctly received the data field send non-acknowledgement frames at the same frequency at the same time.
  • it can further reduce the number of STAs. Reduce wireless resource overhead and improve wireless resource utilization.
  • the above solution provided by this application optimizes the retransmission mechanism of multicast data and improves the efficiency of multicast data transmission.
  • the first PPDU further includes second information, and the second information is used to indicate that the second communication device needs to send the first MPDU.
  • the AP can notify the STA whether the multicast group needs to feed back non-acknowledged frames through the second information carried by the first PPDU, so that the AP and the STA can reach a consensus.
  • the first time period there is a first time period between the first moment and the first PPDU, and the first time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is preconfigured, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first duration may be a short IFS (SIFS) of 16 microseconds.
  • the first duration may be a priority IFS (PIFS) of 25 microseconds.
  • the first duration may be a distributed coordination function IFS (DIFS) of 34 microseconds.
  • the first duration may be other values other than the above-mentioned IFS.
  • the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band of the first PPDU, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the STA can feed back the non-acknowledgement frame to the AP at the first moment of the first duration of the first PPDU interval and within the designated transmission band, so that the STA can feed back the non-acknowledgement frame to the AP within the transmission band of the first PPDU without performing channel idle detection.
  • Sending non-acknowledged frames reduces communication delay.
  • the method further includes: receiving a third PPDU from the first communication device, the third PPDU carries a second MPDU, and the second MPDU includes third information , the third information is used to trigger the second communication
  • the signaling device synchronously sends the first MPDU.
  • the non-confirmation trigger frame (ie, the second MPDU) sent by the AP can trigger the STA to send the non-confirmation frame, so that the STA can have enough data processing time to determine whether the data has been successfully received.
  • the AP can send a non-confirmation trigger frame when a non-confirmation frame is required, which improves the flexibility of the feedback mechanism.
  • the second time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is pre-configured; alternatively, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is the transmission frequency band of the third PPDU; or, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes a message indicating the first frequency band. information.
  • the STA can feed back the non-acknowledgement frame to the AP at the first moment of the first duration of the third PPDU interval and within the designated transmission band, so that the STA can feed back the non-acknowledgement frame to the AP within the transmission band of the third PPDU without performing channel idle detection.
  • Sending non-acknowledged frames reduces communication delay.
  • the frame format of the second MPDU is the same as the frame format of the trigger frame or the frame format of the block acknowledgment request frame.
  • the second MPDU can multiplex the frame format of the trigger frame or block confirmation request frame to improve the progress of standardization.
  • the trigger frame includes a user information field
  • the user information field includes association identifiers corresponding to the multicast addresses of the multiple communication devices, or the user information field
  • the association identifier in is a predetermined value.
  • the frame format of the first MPDU is the same as the frame format of the quality of service null frame, the frame format of the acknowledgment frame, or the frame format of the block acknowledgment frame.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are indicated in one or more of the following ways:
  • the method is predefined by the protocol, indicated by the first communication device, or the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU;
  • the physical layer parameters include one or more parameters of a scrambling code initialization state, a coding method or a modulation method.
  • STAs can reach a consensus on the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU, and multiple STAs can synchronously send the same second PPDU.
  • a communication method is provided, which method can be executed by the AP or a module (such as a chip) configured in (or used for) the AP.
  • the method includes: sending a first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU, the first PPDU including a data field including multicast data of a plurality of communication devices; receiving a second PPDU at a first time and in a first frequency band, the The second PPDU includes a first MPDU, the first MPDU includes first information, the first information is used to indicate that the data field is not received correctly, and the first moment is when the second communication device among the plurality of communication devices sends it synchronously.
  • the second communication device is the communication device that has not correctly received the data field
  • the first frequency band is the frequency band in which the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU.
  • the first PPDU further includes second information, and the second information is used to indicate that the second communication device needs to send the first MPDU.
  • the first time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is preconfigured, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band of the first PPDU, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the method also includes:
  • the third PPDU carries a second MPDU
  • the second MPDU includes third information
  • the third information is used to trigger the second communication device to synchronously send the first MPDU.
  • the second time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is pre-configured; alternatively, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is the transmission frequency band of the third PPDU; or, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes a message indicating the first frequency band. information.
  • the frame format of the second MPDU is the same as the frame format of the trigger frame or the frame format of the block acknowledgment request frame.
  • the trigger frame includes a user information field
  • the user information field includes association identifiers corresponding to the multicast addresses of the multiple communication devices, or the user information field
  • the association identifier in is a predetermined value.
  • the frame format of the first MPDU is the same as the frame format of the quality of service null frame, the frame format of the acknowledgment frame, or the frame format of the block acknowledgment frame.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are indicated in one or more of the following ways:
  • the method is predefined by the protocol, indicated by the first communication device, or the physical layer parameters of the second MPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU;
  • the physical layer parameters include one or more parameters of a scrambling code initialization state, a coding method or a modulation method.
  • a communication device may include a module that performs one-to-one correspondence with the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, or However, software can also be implemented by hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the device includes: a transceiver unit configured to receive a first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from a first communication device.
  • the first PPDU includes a data field, and the data field includes multicast data of multiple communication devices.
  • the processing unit is used to determine that the data field has not been received correctly; the transceiver unit is also used to send a second PPDU at the first moment and in the first frequency band, the second PPDU carries the first MPDU, and the first MPDU includes the A piece of information, the first information is used to indicate that the data field is not received correctly, the first moment is the moment when the second communication device among the plurality of communication devices synchronously sends the second PPDU, and the second communication device is not If the communication device correctly receives the data field, the first frequency band is the frequency band in which the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU.
  • the first PPDU further includes second information, and the second information is used to indicate that the second communication device needs to send the first MPDU.
  • the first time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is preconfigured, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band of the first PPDU, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a third PPDU from the first communication device, the third PPDU carries a second MPDU, and the second MPDU includes a third information, the third information is used to trigger the second communication device to send the first MPDU synchronously.
  • the third aspect there is a second time period between the first moment and the third PPDU, and the second time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is pre-configured; alternatively, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is the transmission frequency band of the third PPDU; or, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes a message indicating the first frequency band. information.
  • the frame format of the second MPDU is the same as the frame format of the trigger frame or the frame format of the block acknowledgment request frame.
  • the trigger frame includes a user information field
  • the user information field includes association identifiers corresponding to the multicast addresses of the multiple communication devices, or the user information field
  • the association identifier in is a predetermined value.
  • the frame format of the first MPDU is the same as the frame format of the quality of service null frame, the frame format of the acknowledgment frame, or the frame format of the block acknowledgment frame.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are indicated in one or more of the following ways:
  • the method is predefined by the protocol, indicated by the first communication device, or the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU;
  • the physical layer parameters include one or more parameters of a scrambling code initialization state, a coding method or a modulation method.
  • a communication device may include a module that performs one-to-one correspondence with the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the fourth aspect.
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, or However, software can also be implemented by hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the device includes: a transceiver unit configured to send a first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.
  • the first PPDU packet Includes a data field, the data field includes multicast data of multiple communication devices; the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a second PPDU at a first time and in a first frequency band, the second PPDU includes a first MPDU, and the first MPDU Comprising first information, the first information is used to indicate that the data field is not received correctly, the first moment is the moment when the second communication device among the plurality of communication devices synchronously sends the first MPDU, and the second communication device It is the communication device that has not correctly received the data field, and the first frequency band is the frequency band in which the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU.
  • the communication device further includes a processing unit configured to determine that the multicast data transmission fails.
  • the first PPDU further includes second information, and the second information is used to indicate that the second communication device needs to send the first MPDU.
  • the fourth aspect there is a first time period between the first moment and the first PPDU, and the first time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is preconfigured, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band of the first PPDU, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send a third PPDU, the third PPDU carries a second MPDU, the second MPDU includes third information, and the third information is The second communication device is triggered to send the first MPDU synchronously.
  • the fourth aspect there is a second time period between the first moment and the third PPDU, and the second time period is predefined, or the first time period is the first time period.
  • the communication device is pre-configured; alternatively, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes information indicating the first duration.
  • the first frequency band is the transmission frequency band of the third PPDU; or, the first PPDU or the second MPDU further includes a message indicating the first frequency band. information.
  • the frame format of the second MPDU is the same as the frame format of the trigger frame or the frame format of the block acknowledgment request frame.
  • the trigger frame includes a user information field
  • the user information field includes association identifiers corresponding to the multicast addresses of the multiple communication devices, or the user information field
  • the association identifier in is a predetermined value.
  • the frame format of the first MPDU is the same as the frame format of the quality of service null frame, the frame format of the acknowledgment frame, or the frame format of the block acknowledgment frame.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are indicated in one or more of the following ways:
  • the method is predefined by the protocol, indicated by the first communication device, or the physical layer parameters of the second MPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU;
  • the physical layer parameters include one or more parameters of a scrambling code initialization state, a coding method or a modulation method.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor can implement the method in the above first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory, and the processor is coupled to the memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory to implement the above-mentioned first aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, a pin, a circuit, a bus, a module, or other types of communication interfaces, and is not limited thereto.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor can implement the method in the above second aspect and any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory, and the processor is coupled to the memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory to implement the above second aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the above communication device is a communication device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device is a chip configured in a communication device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor performs the first aspect or the second aspect and the first aspect Or the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be one or more chips
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop and various logic circuits, etc.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, the receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by the transmitter, and the input circuit and the output A circuit may be the same circuit that functions as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation methods of the processor and various circuits.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (which can also be called a code, or an instruction).
  • a computer program which can also be called a code, or an instruction.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run, it causes the computer to execute the first aspect or the second aspect. and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (which may also be called a code, or an instruction), and when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect or The second aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a computer program which may also be called a code, or an instruction
  • a communication system including at least one communication device provided by the third or fifth aspect and at least one communication device provided by the fourth or sixth aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the confirmation mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the first PPDU provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the frame spacing between the first PPDU and the second PPDU provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a confirmation frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a block confirmation frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a quality of service empty frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the frame spacing between PPDUs provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a non-confirmation trigger frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10a is a schematic diagram of the user information list provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a block confirmation request frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is another schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • “/" can indicate that the related objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • A/B can indicate A or B;
  • and/or can be used to describe that there are three types of associated objects.
  • a relationship for example, A and/or B, can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • words such as “first” and “second” may be used to distinguish them. The words “first”, “second” and other words do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 suitable for an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 100 may include at least one AP, such as AP1, AP2 and AP3 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the communication system 100 may also include at least one STA, such as STA1, STA2, and STA3 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of this application can be applied to multicast communication between the AP and multiple STAs, and can also be applied to the AP Multicast communication with multiple APs can also be applied to multicast communication between a STA and multiple STAs.
  • the multicast communication between the AP and multiple STAs is taken as an example for introduction.
  • groupcast includes broadcast and multicast.
  • the AP and STA in the embodiments of this application refer to the basic logical entities in the wireless local area network.
  • the AP is a network-side device that can provide wireless signal transceiver services for the STA.
  • the AP can include but is not limited to communication servers, routers, and switches. , network bridge, computer, etc.
  • STA may be a terminal device that includes a WLAN interface.
  • STA may include but is not limited to user terminals (such as mobile phones, tablets, computers, etc.) or smart terminals in application scenarios such as smart homes and smart factories.
  • this application does not limit the specific implementation forms of AP and STA.
  • an acknowledgment mechanism based on multicast data transmission is proposed.
  • the AP sends multicast data one or more times to STAs in the multicast group. After sending the multicast data, the AP can send block acknowledgment request frames to the STAs in the group one by one to obtain the block acknowledgment frame of each STA.
  • the AP can send multicast data to the multicast group three times, and STA1, STA2, and STA3 in the multicast group receive multicast data from the AP.
  • the AP can send a block acknowledgment request, such as block acknowledgment request frame 1, to instruct STA1 to feedback the block acknowledgment frame.
  • STA1 receives the block acknowledgment request frame 1 and sends the block acknowledgment frame 1 to the AP to feedback whether the multicast data is received correctly.
  • the AP sends block acknowledgment request frames 2 and 3 to STA2 and STA3 respectively, and STA2 and STA3 send block acknowledgment frames 2 and 3 to the AP respectively. This allows the AP to know whether each STA has successfully received multicast data, thereby determining whether the multicast data needs to be retransmitted.
  • the AP needs to send block acknowledgment request frames to the STAs in the multicast group one by one, and the STAs feed back acknowledgment frames one by one.
  • the number of multicast members receiving multicast data has also increased sharply. For example, in a conference room scenario, multicast data may need to be sent to the terminals of hundreds of parameter personnel.
  • Using the above confirmation mechanism has high resource overhead and low transmission efficiency.
  • This application proposes that the STA that has not correctly received the multicast data can notify the AP whether the multicast data has been successfully transmitted by sending non-acknowledgment frames at the same time and on the same frequency.
  • the STA can feed back non-acknowledged frames on the same frequency at the same time, the overhead of feedback resources and the power consumption overhead of the STA that correctly receives multicast data can be reduced, and the resource utilization rate and the efficiency of the multicast feedback mechanism can be improved.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the communication method 300 provided by the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that in the example of Figure 3, AP (ie, an example of the first communication device) and STA1 and STA2 (ie, STA1 and STA2 respectively)
  • the communication method provided by the present application is explained by taking the interaction between the second communication device (an example of the second communication device) as an example. It should be understood that the present application is not limited thereto. In specific implementations, other communication devices or communication devices (such as chips, chip system, etc.) to implement the functions of AP or STA as shown in Figure 3.
  • the AP sends a first physical protocol data unit (PPDU).
  • the first PPDU includes a data field, and the data field includes multicast data of multiple STAs.
  • the multiple STAs receive the first PPDU.
  • the multiple STAs are STAs in the same STA multicast group.
  • the multiple STAs that receive the first PPDU may be called a STA group.
  • the multiple STAs include at least STA1 and STA2 shown in Figure 3, and the multiple STAs also Other STAs not shown in Figure 3 may be included, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first PPDU includes one or more signaling (SIG) fields.
  • the one or more signaling fields may include one or more of a universal signaling (universal signal, U-SIG) field, an XT-SIG field, or an XT-SIG2 field.
  • XT can be the identification number of a standard protocol version, used to identify a certain generation of standard protocols.
  • the identification number of the standard protocol version can also be expressed in other ways.
  • the identification number can be NG, indicating the next generation (NG) standard protocol, or it can be other identification numbers, which is not limited in this application.
  • the one or more signaling fields include the sender identification information and the receiver identification information of the first PPDU.
  • the sender identification information may be the MAC address of the AP.
  • the sender identification information may be the entire 48-bit MAC address of the AP, or a partial MAC address less than 48 bits.
  • the sender identification information may be a basic service set color (BSS Color), which is not limited in this application.
  • BSS Color basic service set color
  • the receiver identification information may be part or all of the MAC address of the multicast group, or may be the association identifier or part of the association identifier of the multicast group. This application does not limit this.
  • the sender identification information and the receiver identification information are carried in the signaling field of the first PPDU, so that even if the STAs in the multicast group do not successfully decode the data field in the first PPDU, they successfully decode the signaling field of the first PPDU. , the STA can still determine the sender and receiver of the PPDU, so that it can feedback to the sender AP that the data field was not successfully received. Compared with the sender identification information and the receiver identification information carried in the MAC frame of the data field, it can reduce the probability that the STA cannot learn the sender and receiver of the data because the STA fails to successfully decode the data field.
  • the first PPDU includes second information, the second information is used to indicate that the data in the first PPDU needs to be received incorrectly.
  • the STA in the field feeds back a first medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MAC protocol data unit, MPDU).
  • MAC medium access control
  • the first MPDU may be called a non-acknowledgment frame.
  • the STAs in the STA group determine according to the second information in the first PPDU that if the data field is not received correctly, a non-acknowledgment frame needs to be fed back.
  • the second information may be specifically included in one or more of the above signaling fields.
  • One or more MPDUs in the data field of the first PPDU For a STA in the STA group, if the STA does not correctly receive at least one MPDU in the data field of the first PPDU, then the STA does not correctly receive the data fields. Alternatively, the data field of the first PPDU includes multiple MPDUs. For a STA in the STA group, if the STA does not correctly receive that the number of MPDUs in the data field of the first PPDU is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the STA The data field was not received correctly. The STA in the STA group that has not received the data field of the first PPDU sends a non-acknowledgement frame to the AP according to the second information in the first PPDU to notify the AP that the data field has not been successfully received.
  • the AP For the AP, if at least one STA in the STA group does not correctly receive the data field of the first PPDU, the multicast data transmission is considered to have failed. Therefore, if the AP receives a non-acknowledged frame from at least one STA feedback, the AP will send the multicast data to the STA group again and retransmit the multicast data.
  • the above one or more signaling fields also include one or more of the following:
  • the fountain code flag bit is used to indicate whether the PPDU transmission uses fountain code encoding.
  • Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicates whether to use HARQ transmission.
  • the retransmission version number is used to indicate whether this transmission is an initial transmission (which can be called an initial transmission or a new transmission) or a second transmission (which can be called a retransmission).
  • the retransmission version number may include 1 bit.
  • the 1 bit indicates 1 or 0 to inform the STA group whether the current transmission is a new transmission or a retransmission.
  • the retransmission version number may include multiple bits to indicate whether this transmission is a new transmission or the number of retransmissions.
  • the retransmission version number may include 2 bits, indicating 0, 1, 2, and 3 respectively to indicate this transmission. Is it a new transmission or a few re-transmissions? However, this application is not limited to this.
  • the CRC field is used by the STA to verify whether the signaling field is received correctly.
  • the first PPDU may be as shown in Figure 4.
  • the first PPDU may include a traditional short training field (short training field, STF) and a long training field (long training field, LTF), that is, a traditional short training field. (legacy STF, L-STF) and traditional long training field (legacy LTF, L-STF).
  • the signaling field in the first PPDU may include a legacy signaling (legacy signal, L-SIG) field, a legacy signaling field repeated (repeated L-SIG, RL-SIG) field, U-SIG, XT-SIG.
  • the XT-SIG may include an XT-SIG2 flag bit, which is used to indicate whether XT-SIG2 exists in the first PPDU. If the flag bit indicates that it exists, the signaling field of the first PPDU also includes XT-SIG2.
  • the XT-SIG2 can include the sender identification information (transmitter address, TA shown in Figure 4) and the receiver identification information (receiver address (RA) shown in Figure 4) introduced previously. ), second information (NACK required indication as shown in Figure 4), fountain code flag, retransmission version, CRC field, etc. But this application is not limited to this.
  • the sender identification information, the receiver identification information, the second information, the fountain code flag bit, the retransmission version and other information can be included in the U-SIG or XT-SIG, or the above information can be distributed in In one or more SIGs among U-SIG, XT-SIG or XT-SIG.
  • the first PPDU may also include the short training field and long training field of the XT version, namely XT-STF and XT-LTF, as well as a data field and a packet extension (packet extension, PE) field.
  • XT-STF and XT-LTF the short training field and long training field of the XT version
  • PE packet extension
  • S302, STA1 and STA2 send a second PPDU at the first time and in the first frequency band.
  • the second PPDU carries the first MPDU.
  • the first MPDU includes first information. The first information is used to indicate that the data field is not received correctly. .
  • STA1 and STA2 are STAs in the STA group that have not successfully received the data field.
  • the first moment is the moment when the STAs in the STA group that have not correctly received the data field synchronously send the second PPDU
  • the first frequency band is the frequency band where the STAs in the STA group that have not correctly received the data field synchronously send the second PPDU.
  • the STAs in the STA group receive the first PPDU and decode the first PPDU. If the STA group does not correctly receive the STA synchronization (i.e., at the same time and at the same frequency) in the data field, it sends a non-acknowledgement frame (i.e., to the AP). the second PPDU of the first MPDU). For example, if STA1 and STA2 in the STA group do not successfully receive the data field in the first PPDU, then both STA1 and STA2 send the second PPDU at the first time and in the same frequency band (i.e., the first frequency band). PPDU includes non-acknowledged frames.
  • the second PPDU sent by STA1 and STA2 is the same, that is, the content of the first MPDU carried by the second PPDU is exactly the same, and the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are exactly the same, so that the second PPDU from the two STAs are coherent in the wireless channel.
  • the AP can receive the superimposed second PPDU in the first frequency band.
  • the STA only sends a non-confirmation frame to the AP if it does not receive the data field correctly, because in most scenarios, the probability of the STA not receiving the data field correctly is higher than the probability of receiving the data field correctly.
  • Small, Feeding back only non-acknowledged frames can reduce STA power overhead and radio resource overhead.
  • multiple STAs that have not received the data field correctly send non-acknowledgment frames at the same frequency at the same time which can further reduce the overhead of wireless resources and improve resource utilization.
  • the STA in the STA group that has not correctly received the data field of the first PPDU sends the second PPDU at the first time and in the first frequency band.
  • multiple STAs including STA1 and STA2 The STA's failure to successfully receive the data field is explained as an example.
  • the STA also sends the second PPDU at the first time and on the first frequency band.
  • all STAs in the STA group successfully receive the data field then none of the STAs in the STA group sends the second PPDU.
  • the frame format of the first MPDU may be the same as the frame format of the acknowledgment frame, the block acknowledgment frame or the quality of service null frame.
  • the first MPDU can multiplex the frame format of the acknowledgment frame as shown in Figure 6.
  • the type and subtype of the first MPDU that is, the non-acknowledgement frame
  • the non-acknowledged frame may include the frame control field, duration field, receiving address field and frame check sequence (FCS) as shown in Figure 6.
  • FCS frame check sequence
  • the first MPDU can multiplex the frame format of the block acknowledgment frame as shown in Figure 7.
  • the type and subtype of the first MPDU that is, the non-acknowledgement frame
  • the non-acknowledged frame can be the same as the type and subtype of the acknowledgment frame, such as type 01, The subtype is 1001.
  • the non-acknowledged frame may include the frame control field, duration field, receiving address field, sending address field, block acknowledgment (BA) control field, block acknowledgment information field and FCS as shown in Figure 7.
  • the BA control field includes a BA type field.
  • a value from BA type indication 12 to 15 may be used to indicate that the MAC frame is a non-acknowledged frame, and/or the block acknowledgment information may be set to a preset value to indicate that the MAC frame is a non-acknowledged frame.
  • the BA control field may also include one or more fields among the memoryless reserved field, the memory configuration tag field, the management confirmation field and the traffic identifier (TID) information (INFO) as shown in Figure 7, or The BA control field may also include other fields not shown in Figure 7, which is not limited in this application.
  • the content of each field in the non-acknowledgment frame sent by different STAs in the multicast group is the same, where the sending address is the same address, for example, the sending address can be Multicast address, but this application is not limited to this.
  • the first MPDU can reuse the frame format of the quality of service (QoS) null frame as shown in Figure 8, or in other words, the first MPDU can be a QoS Null frame, and the STA sends a QoS Null frame.
  • the frame serves as a non-acknowledgment frame to inform the AP that the data fields were not received correctly.
  • the type of QoS Null frame is 10 and the subtype is 1100, including frame control field, duration field, address field (such as address 1 to address 4), sequence control field, quality of service control field, high throughput rate Control fields and FCS.
  • the above is an example of the first MPDU provided by this application. It should be understood that this application is not limited to this.
  • the frame format of the first MPDU may be a frame format dedicated to non-acknowledgement frames, and may be different from the frame format of MAC frames for other purposes.
  • the type and/or subtype of the first MPDU may be different from the type and/or subtype of the MAC frame for other purposes, and the field composition of the first MPDU may be different from the field composition of the MAC frame for other purposes.
  • STA1 and STA2 may send the second PPDU carrying the first MPDU after the first duration after the first PPDU, or STA1 and STA2 may send the third PPDU carrying the first MPDU after the second duration after receiving the trigger frame from the AP.
  • the second PPDU of the MPDU may be sent.
  • Embodiment 1 There is a first period of time between the first moment and the first PPDU.
  • the STA in the STA group that has not correctly received the data field sends the second PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement frame after the first time period (ie, the first time) after the end time of the first PPDU.
  • the first duration is predefined, such as may be predefined by a protocol.
  • the first duration may be preconfigured by the AP, for example, the AP notifies the STAs in the STA group of the first duration before sending the first PPDU.
  • the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first duration, and the STA obtains the first duration from the received first PPDU.
  • XT-SIG or XT-SIG2 in the first PPDU may include the first duration.
  • the first duration may be called the inter-frame space (IFS)
  • the IFS of the interval is a first duration X1
  • the first duration may be a short IFS (SIFS) of 16 microseconds.
  • the first duration may be a priority IFS (PIFS) of 25 microseconds.
  • the first duration may be a distributed coordination function IFS (DIFS) of 34 microseconds.
  • the first duration may be other values other than the above-mentioned IFS, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band of the first PPDU, or the first PPDU further includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the first frequency band may be the transmission frequency band of the first PPDU. If STA1 and STA2 do not correctly receive the data field in the first PPDU, then STA1 and STA2 will send a non-acknowledgement on the transmission frequency band of the first PPDU with the same bandwidth as the first PPDU after receiving the first duration X1 of the first PPDU.
  • XT-SIG, XT-SIG2 or The U-SIG may include information indicating the first frequency band, and STA1 and STA2 transmit the second PPDU in the first frequency band indicated by the first PPDU.
  • the MAC layer of STA1 and STA2 generates a first MPDU with the same format and the same content, and a PPDU with the same format and the same content at the physical layer.
  • the second PPDU may be a non-HT PPDU.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are the same.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are indicated in one or more of the following ways:
  • the method is predefined by the protocol, indicated by the AP, or the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU,
  • the physical layer parameters include one or more parameters in scrambling initialization state, coding mode or modulation mode.
  • the physical layer parameters indicated by the AP may be specifically indicated by the information in the first PPDU, or may be the AP Indicated to this STA group before sending the first PPDU.
  • the scrambling code initialization state of the second PPDU can be the same as the scrambling code initialization state of the first PPDU, and the encoding and modulation method can be predefined in the protocol using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation method and 1 /2 code rate encoding method.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • this application is not limited to this.
  • Embodiment 2 The AP sends a third PPDU to the STA group.
  • the third PPDU carries a second MPDU.
  • the second MPDU is used to trigger STAs that have not successfully received the data field in the first PPDU to send the third PPDU.
  • the interval between the first moment and the third PPDU is a second duration.
  • the STA in the STA group that has not correctly received the data field sends the second PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement frame a second time period after the end time of the third PPDU (that is, the first time).
  • the second duration is predefined, such as may be predefined by a protocol.
  • the second duration may be preconfigured by the AP.
  • the AP notifies the STAs in the STA group of the second duration before sending the third PPDU.
  • the AP may notify the STA group through the first PPDU or other PPDUs.
  • the third PPDU further includes information indicating the second duration, and the STA obtains the second duration from the received third PPDU.
  • the second duration may be included in the XT-SIG, XT-SIG2 or U-SIG of the third PPDU.
  • the second duration may be called IFS X2 between the third PPDU and the second PPDU.
  • the IFS between the end time of the third PPDU and the start time of the second PPDU is the second duration SIFS, or PIFS of 25 microseconds, or DIFS of 34 microseconds.
  • the second duration may be a value other than the above-mentioned IFS, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first frequency band is a transmission frequency band of the third PPDU, or the first PPDU or the third PPDU further includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the first frequency band may be the transmission frequency band of the third PPDU. If STA1 and STA2 do not correctly receive the data field in the first PPDU, then STA1 and STA2 receive the third PPDU carrying the second MPDU (the second MPDU can be called a non-acknowledgment trigger frame), and send the third PPDU in the interval between the third PPDU and the third PPDU.
  • the second MPDU can be called a non-acknowledgment trigger frame
  • the second PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement frame is sent at the first moment of the second duration
  • the IFS between the third PPDU and the first PPDU may be X3
  • the AP may send the third PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement trigger frame after a duration X3 after the end of the first PPDU.
  • the duration X3 may be 16 microns. This application does not limit the SIFS of seconds, PIFS of 25 microseconds, or DIFS of 34 microseconds.
  • the XT-SIG, XT-SIG2 or U-SIG in the first PPDU may include information indicating the first frequency band, and STA1 and STA2 determine the first frequency band according to the indication of the first PPDU.
  • STA1 and STA2 receive the third PPDU at a first time interval of a second time length X2 from the third PPDU, and send a second PPDU carrying a non-acknowledgement frame on the first frequency band.
  • the non-acknowledgment trigger frame carried by the third PPDU includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • STA1 and STA2 send the non-acknowledgment trigger frame on the first frequency band at the first time interval of the second time length X2 from the third PPDU.
  • the second PPDU of the non-acknowledged frame includes information indicating the first frequency band.
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are indicated in one or more of the following ways:
  • the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU, or the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU are the same as the physical layer processing parameters of the first PPDU. same,
  • the physical layer parameters include one or more parameters in scrambling initialization state, coding mode or modulation mode.
  • the physical layer parameters indicated by the AP may be specifically indicated by the information in the third PPDU, or may be the AP Indicated to the STA group before sending the third PPDU (such as the first PPDU or other PPDU).
  • the scrambling code initialization state of the second PPDU may be the same as the scrambling code initialization state of the third PPDU, and the encoding and modulation method may be predefined in the protocol using a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation method and 1 /2 code rate encoding method.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • this application is not limited to this.
  • part of the physical layer parameters of the second PPDU may be the same as the physical layer parameters of the first PPDU, and part of the physical layer parameters may be the same as the physical layer parameters of the third PPDU.
  • the first PPDU may include the above-mentioned second information used to indicate that the STA that has not received the data field correctly needs to feedback a non-acknowledgement frame, then STA1 and STA2, based on the second information in the first PPDU, If the data field in the first PPDU is not received correctly, the second PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement frame is sent at the first time and in the first frequency band.
  • the first PPDU may not include the above-mentioned second information.
  • the STA may feedback a non-confirmation frame if the data field of the multicast PPDU is not correctly received during multicast data transmission, which may be specified by the protocol or pre-configured by the AP.
  • STA1 If STA2 does not correctly receive the data field in the first PPDU, it sends the second PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement frame at the first time and in the first frequency band.
  • the first time is the communication with the first PPDU.
  • the end time is the first time interval.
  • the STA that has not correctly received the data field of the multicast PPDU may feedback the non-acknowledgment frame by triggering the non-acknowledgment trigger frame as specified by the protocol or pre-configured by the AP.
  • STA1 and STA2 do not correctly receive the data field in the first PPDU, they receive the third PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement trigger frame.
  • STA1 and STA2 receive the first PPDU after the third PPDU. time and transmit the second PPDU carrying the non-acknowledgement frame in the first frequency band. If the third PPDU is not received, STA1 and STA2 do not send the second PPDU.
  • the frame format of the second MPDU (ie, non-acknowledgment trigger frame) may be the same as the frame format of the trigger frame or block acknowledgment request (BA request, BAR) frame.
  • the second MPDU may multiplex the frame format of the trigger frame as shown in Figure 10, for example, bit 0 (B0) to bit 3 (B3) of the common information field in the trigger frame as shown in Figure 10.
  • the bit trigger frame type field may indicate a value from 8 to 15, indicating that the trigger frame is specifically a non-acknowledged trigger frame.
  • the 12-bit association identification fields from B0 to B11 in the user information field except the special user information field in the user information list field in the trigger frame can indicate the special association identification corresponding to the multicast address, or can indicate The default value, for example, the 12 bits all indicate 0, but the application is not limited thereto.
  • the user information list fields may not include other user information fields except the special user information fields.
  • the trigger frame shown in Figure 10 also includes frame control, duration, RA, TA, padding and FCS fields.
  • the public information field in the trigger frame may also include uplink (uplink, UL) length (length), more trigger frame (more TF) and other fields as shown in Figure 10
  • the special user information fields in the trigger frame may include fields such as association identifier 12, physical layer version identifier, uplink bandwidth extension, extremely high throughput (EHT) spatial multiplexing as shown in Figure 10a.
  • Other user information that is not a special user information field may include association identifier 12 as shown in Figure 10, resource unit (RU) allocation (allocation), uplink forward error correction (FEC) coding type (UL FEC coding type) and other fields.
  • the second MPDU may include some or all of these fields as shown in Figure 10. It should be understood that Figure 10 is only an example of a non-confirmation trigger frame in this application. One or more fields in the trigger frame that are not related to the non-confirmation trigger frame may be indicated as preset values or as reserved fields. .
  • the second MPDU may reuse the frame format of the BAR frame as shown in Figure 11.
  • a trigger frame type value of 11 to 15 may be used to indicate that the MAC frame is a non-confirmed trigger frame, which is used to trigger unacknowledged trigger frames.
  • the STA that receives the data field in the first PPDU sends a non-acknowledgement frame.
  • the block acknowledgment request information in the frame format as a non-acknowledgement trigger frame may indicate a preset value or may not include the block acknowledgment request information.
  • the second MPDU can also reuse the existing multi-user (MU)-BAR trigger frame or the multicast with retries (GCR) MU-BAR trigger frame with retransmission, that is, the second MPDU
  • the same trigger frame type as MU-BAR trigger frame or GCR MU-BAR trigger frame can be used.
  • the MU-BAR trigger frame or the GCR MU-BAR trigger frame includes a BAR field, and the BAR type (Type) in the BAR control (control) field can be used to indicate that the MU-BAR trigger frame is used to trigger the first MPDU, such as , BAR type indicates 4 or 5 or indicates a value from 11 to 15.
  • the trigger frame shown in Figure 10 can be used as a MU-BAR trigger frame or a GCR MU-BAR trigger frame, where the BAR control field is located in the MU-BAR trigger frame or the GCR MU-BAR trigger frame based on the common trigger (frame type) information subfield.
  • the frame format of the second MPDU may be a frame format dedicated to the non-acknowledgement request frame, and may be different from the frame format of the MAC frame for other purposes.
  • the type and/or subtype of the second MPDU may be different from the type and/or subtype of the MAC frame for other purposes
  • the field composition of the second MPDU may be different from the field composition of the MAC frame for other purposes.
  • the AP For the AP, if it receives a non-confirmation frame from a STA in the STA group, the AP determines that the STA group has not successfully received the multicast data in the first PPDU, and the AP sends another PPDU including the multicast data to the STA group. That is, retransmission of multicast data is performed. If the AP does not receive a non-acknowledgment frame from the STAs in the STA group, the AP considers that the STAs in the STA group have correctly received the multicast data of the first PPDU and will not retransmit it. There may be two situations in which the STAs in the STA group do not send non-acknowledgment frames.
  • One situation is that all STAs in the STA group correctly receive the first PPDU, including correctly receiving the signaling field and data field. Another case is the STA group One or more STAs in the PPDU failed to successfully receive the signaling field in the first PPDU and cannot determine whether the PPDU contains a data field. Since the transmission rate of the signaling field is lower and the reliability is higher, the probability of transmission error is very low, so the AP can consider that all STAs in the STA group have received it correctly without receiving a non-acknowledgement frame from the STA in the STA group. to the first PPDU.
  • the STA in the STA group only sends a non-acknowledgement frame to the AP if the data field is not received correctly. Since the probability of not receiving the data field is small relative to the probability of receiving the data field, the STA only feeds back Non-acknowledgment frames can reduce STA power overhead and radio resource overhead. And multiple STAs that have not correctly received the data field send non-acknowledgement frames at the same frequency at the same time. Compared with different STAs sending non-acknowledgment frames separately in different wireless resources (such as different times and/or different frequencies), it can further reduce the number of STAs. Reduce wireless resource overhead and improve wireless resource utilization.
  • the above solution provided by this application optimizes the retransmission mechanism of multicast data and improves the efficiency of multicast data transmission.
  • the AP and STA include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules that perform each function.
  • Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the units and method steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software driving the hardware depends on the specific application scenarios and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • Figures 12 and 13 are schematic structural diagrams of possible communication devices provided by embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the AP or STA in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be one of STA1 to STA3 as shown in Figure 1, or one of AP1 to AP3 as shown in Figure 1, or may be applied to STA or AP modules (such as chips).
  • the communication device 1200 includes a processing unit 1210 and a transceiver unit 1220 .
  • the communication device 1200 is used to implement the functions of the STA or AP in the method embodiment shown in Figure 3 above.
  • the transceiver unit 1220 is used to receive the first PPDU from the first communication device, the first PPDU includes a data field, the data field includes a plurality of Multicast data for communication devices.
  • the processing unit 1210 is configured to determine that the data field is not received correctly.
  • the transceiver unit 1220 is also configured to send a second PPDU at the first time and in the first frequency band.
  • the second PPDU carries the first MPDU.
  • the first MPDU includes first information, and the first information is used to indicate that it was not received correctly.
  • the data field, the first time is the time when the second communication device among the plurality of communication devices synchronously sends the second PPDU, the second communication device is the communication device that did not correctly receive the data field, the first The frequency band is a frequency band in which the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU.
  • the transceiver unit 1220 is used to send a first PPDU, where the first PPDU includes a data field, and the data field includes information of multiple communication devices. Multicast data.
  • the transceiver unit 1220 is also configured to receive a second PPDU at the first time and in the first frequency band, the second PPDU includes a first MPDU, the first MPDU includes first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the The data field is received correctly, the first time is the time when the second communication device among the plurality of communication devices synchronously sends the first MPDU, and the second communication device does not receive the data correctly.
  • the first frequency band is a frequency band in which the second communication device synchronously sends the second PPDU.
  • the processing unit 1210 is configured to determine that the multicast data transmission fails according to the received second PPDU.
  • processing unit 1210 and transceiver unit 1220 For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing unit 1210 and transceiver unit 1220, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the communication device 1300 includes a processor 1310 and an interface circuit 1320.
  • the processor 1310 and the interface circuit 1320 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 1320 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the communication device 1300 may also include a memory 1330 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1310 or input data required for the processor 1310 to run the instructions or data generated after the processor 1310 executes the instructions.
  • the processor 1310 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned processing unit 1210
  • the interface circuit 1320 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned transceiver unit 1220.
  • the STA chip When the above communication device is a chip applied to an STA, the STA chip implements the functions of the STA in the above method embodiment.
  • the STA chip receives information from other modules in the STA (such as a radio frequency module or antenna), which is sent by the AP to the STA; or, the STA chip sends information to other modules in the STA (such as a radio frequency module or antenna), which is sent by the AP.
  • the information is sent by the STA to the AP.
  • the AP module implements the functions of the AP in the above method embodiment.
  • the AP module receives information from other modules in the AP (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the AP by the STA; or, the AP module sends information to other modules in the AP (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent by the STA to the AP.
  • the information is sent by the AP to the STA.
  • the AP module here can be the baseband chip of the AP, or it can be a DU or other module.
  • the DU here can be an open radio access network (open radio DU under the access network, O-RAN) architecture.
  • processors in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), or an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions that can be executed by a processor.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory In memory, register, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and storage media may be located in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can be located in the AP or STA.
  • the processor and storage media can also exist as discrete components in the AP or STA.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another.
  • the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits via wired or wireless means to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, and tapes; optical media, such as digital video optical disks; or semiconductor media, such as solid-state hard drives.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be volatile or nonvolatile storage media, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法和通信装置，该方法包括：第二通信装置接收来自第一通信装置的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，该第一PPDU包括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据。该第二通信装置在第一时刻且在第一频带发送第二PPDU，该第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到该数据字段，该第一时刻是该多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的时刻，该第二通信装置是未正确接收到该数据字段的该通信装置，该第一频带是该第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的频带。该方案能够资源利用率以及组播数据传输的效率。

Description

通信方法和通信装置
本申请要求于2022年07月08日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210802022.4、申请名称为“通信方法和通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种通信方法和通信装置。
背景技术
目前，无线局域网中为了提高组播数据传输的可靠性，提出了基于组播数据传输的确认机制。接入点(access point，AP)向组播组内的站点(station，STA)发送一次或多次组播数据。在发送组播数据之后，AP可以向组内的STA逐个发送块确认请求帧，以获取每个STA的块确认帧。
然而，随着无线网络的在生产、生活中普及，接收组播数据的组播成员个数也急剧增大，上述确认机制的方式在组播成员数量较大时，存在资源开销较大、传输效率较低的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法和通信装置，以期提高资源利用率以及组播数据传输的效率。
第一方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以由STA或配置于STA的模块(如芯片)执行。
该方法包括：接收来自第一通信装置的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，该第一PPDU包括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；在第一时刻且在第一频带发送第二PPDU，该第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到该数据字段，该第一时刻是该多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的时刻，该第二通信装置是未正确接收到该数据字段的该通信装置，该第一频带是该第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的频带。
根据该方案，STA组中的STA仅在未正确接收到数据字段的情况下向AP发送非确认帧，由于未接收到数据字段的概率相对于接收到数据字段的概率的较小，STA仅反馈非确认帧(即第一MPDU)能够减小正确接收到数据字段的STA功率开销以及无线资源开销。并且未正确接收到数据字段的多个STA同时同频发送非确认帧，相较于不同STA在不同无线资源(如不同时间和/或不同频率)发送分别发送非确认帧的方式，能够进一步减小无线资源的开销，提高无线资源利用率。本申请提供的上述方案优化了组播数据的重传机制，提高组播数据传输的效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一PPDU还包括第二信息，该第二信息用于指示需要该第二通信装置发送该第一MPDU。
根据上述方案，AP可以通过第一PPDU承载的第二信息通知STA组播组是否需要反馈非确认帧，使得AP与STA可以达成共识。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，该第一时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的，或该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
作为示例非限定，该第一时长可以是16微秒的短帧间距(short IFS，SIFS)。或者，该第一时长可以是25微秒的优先帧间距(priority IFS，PIFS)。再或者，该第一时长可以是34微秒的分布协调功能帧间距(distributed coordination function IFS，DIFS)。或者该第一时长可以是上述IFS以外的其他值。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
根据上述方案，STA可以在第一PPDU间隔的第一时长的第一时刻且在指定的传输频带内向AP反馈非确认帧，使得STA可以无需进行信道空闲检测，在第一PPDU的传输频带内向AP发送非确认帧，减小了通信时延。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：接收来自该第一通信装置的第三PPDU，该第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，该第二MPDU包括第三信息，该第三信息用于触发该第二通 信装置同步发送该第一MPDU。
根据上述方案，可以由AP发送的非确认触发帧(即第二MPDU)触发STA发送非确认帧，使得STA可以有足够的数据处理时间判断是是否成功接收到数据。以及，AP可以在需要非确认帧的情况下发送非确认触发帧，提高了反馈机制的灵活性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，该第二时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
根据上述方案，STA可以在第三PPDU间隔的第一时长的第一时刻且在指定的传输频带内向AP反馈非确认帧，使得STA可以无需进行信道空闲检测，在第三PPDU的传输频带内向AP发送非确认帧，减小了通信时延。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二MPDU的帧格式与为触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
根据上述方案，第二MPDU可以复用触发帧或块确认请求帧的帧格式，提高标准化进度。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该触发帧包括用户信息字段，该用户信息字段中包括该多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，该用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或该第二PPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
其中，该物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
根据上述方案，可以使得STA对第二PPDU的物理层参数达成共识，实现多个STA同步发送相同第二PPDU。
第二方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以由AP或配置于(或用于)AP的模块(如芯片)执行。
该方法包括：发送第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，该第一PPDU包括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；在第一时刻且在第一频带接收第二PPDU，该第二PPDU包括第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到该数据字段，该第一时刻是该多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送该第一MPDU的时刻，该第二通信装置是未正确接收到该数据字段的该通信装置，该第一频带是该第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的频带。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一PPDU还包括第二信息，该第二信息用于指示需要该第二通信装置发送该第一MPDU。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，该第一时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的，或该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：
发送第三PPDU，该第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，该第二MPDU包括第三信息，该第三信息用于触发该第二通信装置同步发送该第一MPDU。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，该第二时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该触发帧包括用户信息字段，该用户信息字段中包括该多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，该用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或该第二MPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
其中，该物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置包括：收发单元，用于接收来自第一通信装置的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，该第一PPDU包括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；处理单元，用于确定未正确接收到该数据字段；该收发单元还用于在第一时刻且在第一频带发送第二PPDU，该第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到该数据字段，该第一时刻是该多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的时刻，该第二通信装置是未正确接收到该数据字段的该通信装置，该第一频带是该第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的频带。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一PPDU还包括第二信息，该第二信息用于指示需要该第二通信装置发送该第一MPDU。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，该第一时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的，或该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元还用于接收来自该第一通信装置的第三PPDU，该第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，该第二MPDU包括第三信息，该第三信息用于触发该第二通信装置同步发送该第一MPDU。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，该第二时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该触发帧包括用户信息字段，该用户信息字段中包括该多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，该用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或该第二PPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
其中，该物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第四方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置包括：收发单元，用于发送第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，该第一PPDU包 括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；该收发单元还有于在第一时刻且在第一频带接收第二PPDU，该第二PPDU包括第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到该数据字段，该第一时刻是该多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送该第一MPDU的时刻，该第二通信装置是未正确接收到该数据字段的该通信装置，该第一频带是该第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的频带。可选地，该通信装置还包括处理单元，该处理单元用于确定该组播数据传输失败。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一PPDU还包括第二信息，该第二信息用于指示需要该第二通信装置发送该第一MPDU。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，该第一时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的，或该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元还用于发送第三PPDU，该第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，该第二MPDU包括第三信息，该第三信息用于触发该第二通信装置同步发送该第一MPDU。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一时刻与该第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，该第二时长为预定义的、或该第一时长为该第一通信装置预配置的；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一频带是该第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，该第一PPDU或该第二MPDU还包括用于指示该第一频带的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该触发帧包括用户信息字段，该用户信息字段中包括该多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，该用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或该第二MPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
其中，该物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器可以实现上述第一方面以及第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该通信装置还包括存储器，该处理器与该存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以实现上述第一方面以及第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。本申请实施例中，通信接口可以是收发器、管脚、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，不予限制。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器可以实现上述第二方面以及第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该通信装置还包括存储器，该处理器与该存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以实现上述第二方面以及第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，上述通信装置为通信设备。当该通信装置为通信设备时，该通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，上述通信装置为配置于通信设备中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片时，该通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，该收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，该输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第七方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该处理器执行第一方面或第二方面以及第一方面 或第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为一个或多个芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面以及第一方面或第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面以及第一方面或第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括前述的至少一个第三方面或第五方面提供的通信装置和至少一个第四方面或第六方面提供的通信装置。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的通信系统的一个示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的确认机制的一个示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的通信方法的一个示意性流程图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的第一PPDU的帧结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的第一PPDU与第二PPDU的帧间距的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的确认帧的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的块确认帧的示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的服务质量空帧的示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的PPDU之间的帧间距的示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的非确认触发帧的一个示意图；
图10a是本申请实施例提供的用户信息列表的一个示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的块确认请求帧的一个示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一个示意性框图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的另一个示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
在本申请实施例中，“/”可以表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；“和/或”可以用于描述关联对象存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。为了便于描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请实施例中，可以采用“第一”、“第二”等字样进行区分。该“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示例子、例证或说明，被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。在本申请实施例中，至少一个(种)还可以描述为一个(种)或多个(种)，多个(种)可以是两个(种)、三个(种)、四个(种)或者更多个(种)，本申请不做限制。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，可以应用于无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)，或者也可以应用于其他需要组播通信的系统。
图1是适用于本申请实施例的通信系统100的一个示意图。该通信系统100可以包括至少一个AP，如图1所示的AP1、AP2和AP3,。该通信系统100还可以包括至少一个STA，如图1所示的STA1、STA2和STA3。本申请实施例提供的方案可以适用于AP与多个STA之间的组播通信，也可以适用AP 与多个AP之间的组播通信，还可以适用于STA与多个STA之间的组播通信。本申请实施例中以AP与多个STA之间的组播通信为例进行介绍。
本申请实施例中组播(groupcast)包含广播(broadcast)和多播(multicast)。本申请实施例中的AP、STA是指无线局域网中的基本逻辑实体，AP是能够为STA提供无线信号收发服务的网络侧设备，示例性地，AP可以包括但不限于通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥、计算机等。STA可以是包含WLAN接口的终端设备，示例性地，STA可以包括但不限于用户终端(如手机、平板电脑、计算机等)或者智慧家庭、智慧工厂等应用场景中的智能终端。但本申请对AP和STA的具体实现形式不作限定。目前无线局域网中为了提高组播数据传输的可靠性，提出了基于组播数据传输的确认机制。AP向组播组内的STA发送一次或多次组播数据。在发送组播数据之后，AP可以向组内的STA逐个发送块确认请求帧，以获取每个STA的块确认帧。
例如图2所示，AP可以向组播组发送3次组播数据，该组播组中的STA1、STA2和STA3接收来自AP的组播数据。AP在第三次发送组播数据之后，可以发送块确认请求，如块确认请求帧1，以指示STA1反馈块确认帧。STA1接收到该块确认请求帧1向AP发送块确认帧1，以反馈是否正确接收到组播数据。AP在依次向STA2和STA3分别发送块确认请求帧2、3，STA2和STA3分别向AP发送块确认帧2、3。使得AP可以获知各STA是否成功接收到组播数据，从而确定是否需要重传组播数据。
如上确认机制中，AP需要向组播组中的STA逐个发送块确认请求帧，由STA逐个反馈确认帧。随着无线网络的在生产、生活中普及，接收组播数据的组播成员个数也急剧增大，比如会议室场景中可能需要向上百个参数人员的终端发送组播数据。采用如上确认机制资源开销较大且传输效率较低。
本申请提出可以由未正确接收到组播数据的STA在同时同频发送非确认帧的方式通知AP组播数据是否被成功传输。通过STA同时同频反馈非确认帧的方式能够减小反馈资源的开销及正确接收组播数据的STA的功耗开销，能够资源利用率以及组播反馈机制的效率。
图3是本申请实施例提供的通信方法300的一个示意性流程图，需要说明的是，图3示例中以AP(即第一通信装置的一个示例)与STA1、STA2(即STA1和STA2分别为第二通信装置的一个示例)之间的交互为例对本申请提供的通信方法进行说明，应理解，本申请并不限于此，在具体实施中可以由其他通信设备或通信装置(如芯片、芯片系统等)实现如图3所示的AP或STA的功能。
S301，AP发送第一物理协议数据单元(physical protocol data unit，PPDU)，该第一PPDU包括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个STA的组播数据。
相应地，该多个STA接收该第一PPDU。该多个STA为同一STA组播组中的STA，接收该第一PPDU的多个STA可以称为STA组，该多个STA至少包括图3所示的STA1和STA2，以及该多个STA还可以包括图3未示出的其他STA，本申请对此不作限定。
该第一PPDU包括一个或多个信令(signal，SIG)字段。示例性地，该一个或多个信令字段可以包括通用信令(universal signal，U-SIG)字段、XT-SIG字段或XT-SIG2字段中的一项或多项。其中，XT可以是标准协议版本的标识号，用于标识某一代标准协议。或者标准协议版本的标识号也可以采用其他表示方式，比如，标识号可以是NG，表示下一代(next generation，NG)标准协议，或也可以是其他标识号，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，该一个或多个信令字段中包括该第一PPDU的发送方标识信息和接收方标识信息。
示例性地，该发送方标识信息可以是AP的MAC地址，例如，发送方标识信息可以是AP的48比特的全部MAC地址，或者小于48比特的部分MAC地址。再或者，该发送方标识信息可以是基本服务集合颜色(basic service set color，BSS Color)，本申请对此不作限定。该接收方标识信息可以是该组播组的部分或全部MAC地址，或者可以是组播组的关联标识或部分关联标识。本申请对此不作限定。
发送方标识信息和接收方标识信息承载在第一PPDU的信令字段，使得即使组播组中的STA没有成功解码该第一PPDU中的数据字段，但成功解码该第一PPDU的信令字段，STA仍可以确定该PPDU的发送方和接收方，从而可以向发送方AP反馈未成功接收到数据字段。相较于发送方标识信息和接收方标识信息承载在数据字段的MAC帧中，能够减小因STA没有成功解码数据字段造成STA无法获知该数据的发送方和接收方的概率。
可选地，第一PPDU包括第二信息，该第二信息用于指示需要未正确接收到第一PPDU中的数据 字段的STA反馈第一媒体介入控制(medium access control，MAC)协议数据单元(MAC protocol data unit，MPDU)。
该第一MPDU可以称为非确认帧，该STA组中的STA根据第一PPDU中的第二信息确定若未正确接收到数据字段，则需要反馈非确认帧。该第二信息具体可以包括在上述一个或多个信令字段中。
第一PPDU的数据字段中的一个或多个MPDU，对于该STA组中的一个STA，若该STA未正确接收到第一PPDU的数据字段中的至少一个MPDU，则该STA未正确接收到该数据字段。或者，第一PPDU的数据字段包括多个MPDU，对于该STA组中的一个STA，若该STA未正确接收到第一PPDU的数据字段中的MPDU的数量大于或等于门限值，则该STA未正确接收到该数据字段。该STA组中未接收到第一PPDU的数据字段的STA根据第一PPDU中的第二信息，向AP发送非确认帧，以通知AP未成功接收到数据字段。
对于AP，该STA组中的至少一个STA未正确接收到第一PPDU的该数据字段，则认为该组播数据传输失败。因此，若AP接收到来自至少一个STA反馈的非确认帧，则AP将再次向该STA组发送该组播数据，重传该组播数据。
可选地，上述一个或多个信令字段还包括以下一项或多项：
喷泉码标志位(fountain code flag)、混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)指示、重传版本号或循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check，CRC)字段。
其中，喷泉码标志位用于指示PPDU传输是否采用喷泉码编码。混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)指示是否使用HARQ传输。重传版本号用于指示本次传输是初次传输(可以称为初传或新传)还是再次传输(可以称为重传)。例如，重传版本号可以包括1比特通过该1比特指示1或0通知STA组本次传输是新传还是重传。再例如，重传版本号可以包括多个比特指示本次传输是新传还是第几次重传，如重传版本号可以包括2比特，通过指示0、1、2、3分别指示本次传输是新传还是第几次重传。但本申请不限于此。CRC字段用于STA校验是否正确接收到信令字段。
示例性地，该第一PPDU可以如图4所示，该第一PPDU可以包括传统的短训练字段(short training field，STF)和长训练字段(long training field，LTF)，即传统短训练字段(legacy STF，L-STF)和传统长训练字段(legacy LTF，L-STF)。该第一PPDU中信令字段可以包括如图4所示的传统信令(legacy signal，L-SIG)字段、传统信令字段重复(repeated L-SIG，RL-SIG)字段、U-SIG、XT-SIG。
该XT-SIG可以包括XT-SIG2标志位，该标志位用于指示第一PPDU中是否存在XT-SIG2，若该标志位指示存在，该第一PPDU的信令字段还包括XT-SIG2。该XT-SIG2中可以包括前文介绍的发送方标识信息(如图4所示的发送地址(transmitter address，TA))、接收方标识信息(如图4所示的接收地址(receiver address，RA))、第二信息(如图4所示的需要非确认(NACK required)指示)、喷泉码标志位、重传版本、CRC字段等。但本申请不限于此，发送方标识信息、接收方标识信息、第二信息、喷泉码标志位、重传版本等信息可以包含在U-SIG中或XT-SIG中，或者上述信息可以分布在U-SIG、XT-SIG或XT-SIG中的一种或多种SIG中。
如图4所示，该第一PPDU还可以包括XT版本的短训练字段和长训练字段，即XT-STF和XT-LTF，以及数据字段和分组扩展(packet extension，PE)字段。
S302，STA1和STA2在第一时刻且在第一频带发送第二PPDU，该第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到数据字段。
其中，STA1和STA2为STA组中未成功接收到数据字段的STA。该第一时刻是STA组中未正确接收到数据字段的STA同步发送第二PPDU的时刻，第一频带是该STA组中未正确接收到数据字段的STA同步发送第二PPDU的频带。
该STA组中的STA接收该第一PPDU，并对该第一PPDU进行解码，若STA组未正确接收到数据字段的STA同步(即同时间且同频率)向AP发送携带非确认帧(即第一MPDU)的第二PPDU。例如，该STA组中的STA1和STA2未成功接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段，则STA1和STA2均在第一时刻且在同一频带(即第一频带)发送该第二PPDU，该第二PPDU包括非确认帧。该STA1和STA2发送的第二PPDU相同，即第二PPDU携带的第一MPDU的内容完全相同，且第二PPDU的物理层参数完全相同，使得来自两个STA的第二PPDU在无线信道中相干叠加，AP可以在第一频带接收到叠加后的第二PPDU。根据该方案，STA仅在未正确接收到数据字段的情况下向AP发送非确认帧，由于在大部分场景下，STA未正确接收到数据字段的概率相较于正确接收到数据字段的概率较小， 仅反馈非确认帧能够减小STA功率开销以及无线资源开销。并且未正确接收到数据字段的多个STA同时同频发送非确认帧，能够进一步减小无线资源的开销，提高资源利用率。
需要说明的是，该STA组中未正确接收到第一PPDU的数据字段的STA在第一时刻且在第一频带发发送第二PPDU，图3所示示例中以包括STA1和STA2的多个STA未成功接收到数据字段为例进行说明，在具体实施中，若STA组中仅一个STA未成功接收到该数据字段，该STA同样在第一时刻且在第一频带上发送第二PPDU。以及，若该STA组中的STA均成功接收到该数据字段，则该STA组中的STA均不发送第二PPDU。
可选地，该第一MPDU的帧格式可以与确认帧、块确认帧或服务质量空帧的帧格式相同。
例如，第一MPDU可以复用如图6所示的确认帧的帧格式，比如，第一MPDU即非确认帧的类型和子类型可以与确认帧的类型和子类型相同，如类型为01，子类型为1101。非确认帧可以包括如图6所示的帧控制字段、时长字段、接收地址字段和帧校验序列(frame check sequence，FCS)。
再例如，第一MPDU可以复用如图7所示的块确认帧的帧格式，比如，第一MPDU即非确认帧的类型和子类型可以与确认帧的类型和子类型相同，如类型为01，子类型为1001。非确认帧可以包括如图7所示的帧控制字段、时长字段、接收地址字段、发送地址字段、块确认(block acknowledge，BA)控制字段、块确认信息字段和FCS。其中，BA控制字段中包括BA类型字段。比如，可以通过BA类型指示12至15中的一个值表示该MAC帧为非确认帧，和/或，可以将块确认信息设置为预设值表示该MAC帧为非确认帧。该BA控制字段还可以包括如图7所示的无记忆保留字段、记忆配置标签字段、管理确认字段和流标识(traffic identifier，TID)信息(information，INFO)中的一个或多个字段，或者该BA控制字段还可以包括图7未示出的其他字段，本申请对此不作限定。
当非确认帧采用该块确认帧的帧格式时，该组播组中的不同STA发送的非确认帧中每个字段的内容均相同，其中，发送地址为相同的地址，如发送地址可以是组播地址，但本申请不限于此。
再例如，第一MPDU可以复用如图8所示的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)空(null)帧的帧格式，或者说，第一MPDU可以是QoS Null帧，STA通过发送QoS Null帧作为非确认帧通知AP未正确接收到数据字段。如图7所示，QoS Null帧的类型为10，子类型为1100，包括帧控制字段、时长字段、地址字段(如地址1至地址4)、序列控制字段、服务质量控制字段、高吞吐率控制字段和FCS。
以上是本申请提供的第一MPDU的示例，应理解，本申请并不限于此，第一MPDU的帧格式可以是非确认帧专用的帧格式，可以与其他用途的MAC帧的帧格式不同。如第一MPDU的类型和/或子类型可以与其他用途的MAC帧的类型和/或子类型不同，以及第一MPDU的字段组成可以与其他用途的MAC帧的字段组成不同。
STA1和STA2可以在第一PPDU之后的第一时长后发送携带第一MPDU的第二PPDU，或者STA1和STA2在接收到来自AP的触发帧的第三PPDU之后的第二时长后发送携带第一MPDU的第二PPDU。下面分别介绍上述两种实施方式。
实施方式一，该第一时刻与第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长。
在该实施方式中，STA组中未正确接收到数据字段的STA在第一PPDU的结束时刻之后的第一时长后(即第一时刻)发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。
示例性地，该第一时长为预定义的，如可以是由协议预定义的。或者，该第一时长可以是由AP预配置的，如AP在发送第一PPDU之前向该STA组中的STA通知该第一时长。再或者，该第一PPDU还包括用于指示该第一时长的信息，STA从接收到的该第一PPDU中获取该第一时长。如第一PPDU中的XT-SIG或XT-SIG2可以包括该第一时长。
该第一时长可以称为第一PPDU与第二PPDU之间的帧间距(inter-frame space，IFS)X1，例如图5所示，第一PPDU的结束时刻至第二PPDU的起始时刻之间间隔的IFS为第一时长X1，该第一时长可以是16微秒的短帧间距(short IFS，SIFS)。或者，该第一时长可以是25微秒的优先帧间距(priority IFS，PIFS)。再或者，该第一时长可以是34微秒的分布协调功能帧间距(distributed coordination function IFS，DIFS)。或者该第一时长可以是上述IFS以外的其他值，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，第一频带是第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，第一PPDU还包括用于指示第一频带的信息。
例如图5所示，第一频带可以是第一PPDU的传输频带。STA1和STA2未正确接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段，则STA1和STA2在接收到第一PPDU的第一时长X1后且在第一PPDU的传输频带上与第一PPDU相同带宽发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。或者，第一PPDU中的XT-SIG、XT-SIG2或 U-SIG可以包括用于指示第一频带的信息，STA1和STA2在第一PPDU指示的第一频带发送第二PPDU。
STA1和STA2的MAC层生成相同格式且相同内容的第一MPDU，以及在物理层采用相同格式且相同内容的PPDU，例如第二PPDU可以是非高吞吐率(non-HT)PPDU。并且第二PPDU的物理层参数相同。可选地，该第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
协议预定义的方式、由AP指示的、或该第二PPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同，
其中，该物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数，由AP指示的物理层参数具体可以是通过第一PPDU中的信息指示的，或者可以是AP在发送第一PPDU之前指示给该STA组的。
示例性地，第二PPDU的扰码初始化状态可以与第一PPDU的扰码初始化状态相同，编码与调制方式可以协议预定义采用二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)调制方式以及1/2码率的编码方式。但本申请不限于此。
实施方式二，AP向STA组发送第三PPDU，该第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，该第二MPDU用于触发未成功接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段的STA发送第三PPDU。该第一时刻与第三PPDU之间间隔为第二时长。
在该实施方式中，STA组中未正确接收到数据字段的STA在第三PPDU的结束时刻之后的第二时长后(即第一时刻)发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。
示例性地，该第二时长为预定义的，如可以是由协议预定义的。或者，该第二时长可以是由AP预配置的，如AP在发送第三PPDU之前向该STA组中的STA通知该第二时长，比如可以是AP通过第一PPDU或者其他PPDU通知STA组的。再或者，该第三PPDU还包括用于指示该第二时长的信息，STA从接收到的该第三PPDU中获取该第二时长。如第三PPDU的XT-SIG、XT-SIG2或U-SIG中可以包括该第二时长。
该第二时长可以称为第三PPDU与第二PPDU之间的IFS X2，第三PPDU的结束时刻至第二PPDU的起始时刻之间间隔的IFS为第二时长X2可以是16微秒的SIFS、或25微秒的PIFS、或34微秒的DIFS。或者，该第二时长可以是上述IFS以外的其他值，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，第一频带是第三PPDU的传输频带，或者，第一PPDU或第三PPDU还包括用于指示第一频带的信息。
例如图9所示，第一频带可以是第三PPDU的传输频带。STA1和STA2未正确接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段，则STA1和STA2接收携带第二MPDU(第二MPDU可以称为非确认触发帧)的第三PPDU，并在与该第三PPDU间隔第二时长X2的第一时刻，且在第三PPDU的传输频带上与第三PPDU相同带宽发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。可选地，第三PPDU与第一PPDU之间的IFS可以是X3，AP可以在第一PPDU结束时刻之后的时长X3后发送携带非确认触发帧的第三PPDU，该时长X3可以是16微秒的SIFS、或25微秒的PIFS、或34微秒的DIFS，本申请对此不作限定。
再例如，第一PPDU中的XT-SIG、XT-SIG2或U-SIG可以包括用于指示第一频带的信息，STA1和STA2根据第一PPDU的指示，确定第一频带。STA1和STA2接收第三PPDU，在与第三PPDU间隔第二时长X2的第一时刻，且在该第一频带上发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。
再例如，第三PPDU携带的非确认触发帧中包括用于指示第一频带的信息，STA1和STA2在与第三PPDU间隔第二时长X2的第一时刻，且在该第一频带上发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。
可选地，在该实施方式二中，该第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
协议预定义的方式、由AP指示的、该第二PPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同、或者该第二PPDU的物理层参数与该第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同，
其中，该物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数，由AP指示的物理层参数具体可以是通过第三PPDU中的信息指示的，或者可以是AP在发送第三PPDU之前(如第一PPDU或者其他PPDU)指示给该STA组的。
示例性地，第二PPDU的扰码初始化状态可以与第三PPDU的扰码初始化状态相同，编码与调制方式可以协议预定义采用二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)调制方式以及1/2码率的编码方式。但本申请不限于此。比如，第二PPDU的物理层参数中可以是部分物理层参数与第一PPDU的物理层参数相同、部分物理层参数与第三PPDU的物理层参数相同。
在上述两种实施方式中，第一PPDU可以包括用于指示需要未正确接收到数据字段的STA反馈非确认帧的上述第二信息，则STA1和STA2根据第一PPDU中的第二信息，在未正确接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段的情况下，在第一时刻且在第一频带发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。或者，第一PPDU可以不包括上述第二信息，一种方式中，可以由协议规定或者AP预配置组播数据传输时未正确接收到组播PPDU的数据字段的STA反馈非确认帧，则STA1和STA2在未正确接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段的情况下，在第一时刻且在第一频段发送携带非确认帧的该第二PPDU，该方式中第一时刻为与第一PPDU的结束时刻间隔第一时长的时刻。另一种方式中，可有由协议规定或AP预配置通过由非确认触发帧触发未正确接收到组播PPDU的数据字段的STA反馈非确认帧。STA1和STA2在未正确接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段的情况下，接收携带非确认触发帧的第三PPDU，若接收到该第三PPDU，STA1和STA2在该第三PPDU之后的第一时刻且在第一频段发送携带非确认帧的第二PPDU。若未接收到该第三PPDU，STA1和STA2不发送第二PPDU。
可选地，该第二MPDU(即非确认触发帧)的帧格式可以与触发帧、块确认请求(BA request，BAR)帧的帧格式相同。
例如，第二MPDU可以复用如图10所示的触发帧的帧格式，比如，在如图10所示的触发帧中公共信息字段中的比特0(B0)至比特3(B3)的4比特触发帧类型字段可以指示8至15中的一个值，表示该触发帧具体为非确认触发帧。如图10a所示，该触发帧中的用户信息列表字段中除特殊用户信息字段以外的用户信息字段中B0至B11的12比特关联标识字段可以指示组播地址对应的特殊关联标识，或者可以指示预设值，例如该12比特均指示0，但本申请不限于此。或者，用户信息列表字段中除特殊用户信息字段以外可以不包括其他用户信息字段。如图10所示的触发帧中还包括帧控制(frame control)、时长、RA、TA、填充(padding)和FCS字段。其中，触发帧中的公共信息字段除上述触发帧类型字段以外还可以包括如图10所示的上行(uplink，UL)长度(length)、更多触发帧(more trigger frame，more TF)等字段，以及触发帧中的特殊用户信息字段可以包括如图10a所示的关联标识12、物理层版本标识、上行带宽扩展、极高吞吐量(extremely high throughput，EHT)空间复用等字段。非特殊用户信息字段的其他用户信息可以包括如图10所示的关联标识12、资源单元(resource unit，RU)分配(allocation)、上行前向纠错(forward error correction，FEC)编码类型(UL FEC coding type)等字段。第二MPDU可以包括如图10所示的这些字段中的部分或全部字段。应理解，图10仅为本申请非确认触发帧的一个示例，作为非确认触发帧的触发帧中与非确认触发帧无关的一个或多个字段可以指示为预设值，或者作为预留字段。
再例如，第二MPDU可以复用如图11所示的BAR帧的帧格式，比如，可以通过触发帧类型为11至15中的一个值表示该MAC帧为非确认触发帧，用于触发未接收到第一PPDU中的数据字段的STA发送非确认帧。该作为非确认触发帧的该帧格式中的块确认请求信息可以指示预设值或者可以不包含块确认请求信息。
再例如，第二MPDU还可以复用现有的多用户(multiple user，MU)-BAR触发帧或带有重传的组播(groupcast with retries，GCR)MU-BAR触发帧，即第二MPDU可以采用与MU-BAR触发帧或GCR MU-BAR触发帧相同的触发帧类型。进一步地，MU-BAR触发帧或GCR MU-BAR触发帧中包括BAR字段，可以通过BAR控制(control)字段中的BAR类型(Type)指示该MU-BAR触发帧用于触发第一MPDU，比如，BAR type指示为4或5或者指示11至15中的一个值。如图10所示的触发帧可以作为MU-BAR触发帧或GCR MU-BAR触发帧，其中，BAR控制字段位于MU-BAR触发帧或者GCR MU-BAR触发帧中基于触发(帧类型)的公共信息子字段中。
以上是本申请提供的第二MPDU的示例，应理解，本申请并不限于此，第二MPDU的帧格式可以是非确认请求帧专用的帧格式，可以与其他用途的MAC帧的帧格式不同。如第二MPDU的类型和/或子类型可以与其他用途的MAC帧的类型和/或子类型不同，以及第二MPDU的字段组成可以与其他用途的MAC帧的字段组成不同。
对于AP，若接收到来自STA组中的STA发送的非确认帧，AP确定STA组未成功接收到第一PPDU中的组播数据，AP向该STA组再次发送包括该组播数据的PPDU，即执行组播数据的重传。若AP未接收到来自STA组中的STA的非确认帧，则AP认为STA组中的STA正确接收到第一PPDU的组播数据，不再重传。而STA组中的STA不发送非确认帧可能存在两种情况，一种情况是STA组中的所有STA均正确接收到第一PPDU，包括正确接收到信令字段和数据字段。另一种情况是STA组 中的一个或多个STA未成功接收到第一PPDU中的信令字段，无法判断该PPDU是否包含数据字段。由于信令字段的传输速率较低可靠性较高，传输错误的概率非常低，因此AP在未收到来自STA组中的STA的非确认帧的情况下可以认为STA组中的所有STA正确接收到第一PPDU。
根据该方案，STA组中的STA仅在未正确接收到数据字段的情况下向AP发送非确认帧，由于未接收到数据字段的概率相对于接收到数据字段的概率的较小，STA仅反馈非确认帧能够减小STA功率开销以及无线资源开销。并且未正确接收到数据字段的多个STA同时同频发送非确认帧，相较于不同STA在不同无线资源(如不同时间和/或不同频率)发送分别发送非确认帧的方式，能够进一步减小无线资源的开销，提高无线资源利用率。本申请提供的上述方案优化了组播数据的重传机制，提高组播数据传输的效率。
应理解，为了实现上述实施例中功能，AP和STA包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件相结合的形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用场景和设计约束条件。
图12和图13为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以用于实现上述方法实施例中AP或STA的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请的实施例中，该通信装置可以是如图1所示的STA1至STA3中的一个，也可以是如图1所示的AP1至AP3中的一个，还可以是应用于STA或AP的模块(如芯片)。
如图12所示，通信装置1200包括处理单元1210和收发单元1220。通信装置1200用于实现上述图3中所示的方法实施例中STA或AP的功能。
当通信装置1200用于实现图12所示的方法实施例中STA的功能时：收发单元1220用于接收来自第一通信装置的第一PPDU，该第一PPDU包括数据字段，该数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据。处理单元1210用于确定未正确接收该数据字段。该收发单元1220还用于在第一时刻且在第一频带发送第二PPDU，该第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，该第一MPDU包括第一信息，该第一信息用于指示未正确接收到该数据字段，该第一时刻是该多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的时刻，该第二通信装置是未正确接收到该数据字段的该通信装置，该第一频带是该第二通信装置同步发送该第二PPDU的频带。
当通信装置1200用于实现图12所示的方法实施例中AP的功能时：收发单元1220用于发送第一PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括数据字段，所述数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据。该收发单元1220还用于在第一时刻且在第一频带接收第二PPDU，所述第二PPDU包括第一MPDU，所述第一MPDU包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示未正确接收到所述数据字段，所述第一时刻是所述多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU的时刻，所述第二通信装置是未正确接收到所述数据字段的所述通信装置，所述第一频带是所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的频带。处理单元1210用于根据接收到的第二PPDU，确定该组播数据传输失败。
有关上述处理单元1210和收发单元1220更详细的描述可以参考图12所示的方法实施例中相关描述。
如图13所示，通信装置1300包括处理器1310和接口电路1320。处理器1310和接口电路1320之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路1320可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置1300还可以包括存储器1330，用于存储处理器1310执行的指令或存储处理器1310运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器1310运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置1300用于实现图12所示的方法时，处理器1310用于实现上述处理单元1210的功能，接口电路1320用于实现上述收发单元1220的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于STA的芯片时，该STA芯片实现上述方法实施例中STA的功能。该STA芯片从STA中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是AP发送给STA的；或者，该STA芯片向STA中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是STA发送给AP的。
当上述通信装置为应用于AP的模块时，该AP模块实现上述方法实施例中AP的功能。该AP模块从AP中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是STA发送给AP的；或者，该AP模块向AP中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是AP发送给STA的。这里的AP模块可以是AP的基带芯片，也可以是DU或其他模块，这里的DU可以是开放式无线接入网(open radio  access network，O-RAN)架构下的DU。
应理解，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以在硬件中实现，也可以在可由处理器执行的软件指令中实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于AP或STA中。处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于AP或STA中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。该计算机可读存储介质可以是易失性或非易失性存储介质，或可包括易失性和非易失性两种类型的存储介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (47)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收来自第一通信装置的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括数据字段，所述数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；
    在第一时刻且在第一频带发送第二PPDU，所述第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，所述第一MPDU包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示未正确接收到所述数据字段，所述第一时刻是所述多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的时刻，所述第二通信装置是未正确接收到所述数据字段的所述通信装置，所述第一频带是所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的频带。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一PPDU还包括第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示需要所述第二通信装置发送所述第一MPDU。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，所述第一时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为所述第一通信装置预配置的，或所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通信装置的第三PPDU，所述第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，所述第二MPDU包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，
    所述第二时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为所述第一通信装置预配置的；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  8. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述触发帧包括用户信息字段，所述用户信息字段中包括所述多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，所述用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、其、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
    协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或所述第二PPDU的物理层参数与所述第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
    其中，所述物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发送第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括数据字段，所述数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；
    在第一时刻且在第一频带接收第二PPDU，所述第二PPDU包括第一MPDU，所述第一MPDU包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示未正确接收到所述数据字段，所述第一时刻是所述多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU的时刻，所述第二通信装置是未正确接收到所述数据字段的所述通信装置，所述第一频带是所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的频带。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一PPDU还包括第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示需要所述第二通信装置发送所述第一MPDU。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，所述第一时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为预配置的，或所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第一PPDU的 传输频带，或者，所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  16. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    发送第三PPDU，所述第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，所述第二MPDU包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，
    所述第二时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为预配置的；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求16至18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述触发帧包括用户信息字段，所述用户信息字段中包括所述多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，所述用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
  21. 根据权利要求12至20中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
  22. 根据权利要求12至21中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
    协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或所述第二PPDU的物理层参数与所述第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
    其中，所述物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收来自第一通信装置的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括数据字段，所述数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；
    处理单元，用于确定第二PPDU，所述第二PPDU携带第一MPDU，所述第一MPDU包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示未正确接收到所述数据字段；
    所述收发单元还用于在第一时刻且在第一频带发送所述第二PPDU，所述第一时刻是所述多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的时刻，所述第二通信装置是未正确接收到所述数据字段的所述通信装置，所述第一频带是所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的频带。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一PPDU还包括第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示需要所述第二通信装置发送所述第一MPDU。
  25. 根据权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，所述第一时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为所述第一通信装置预配置的，或所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  26. 根据权利要求23至25中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  27. 根据权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元还用于接收来自所述第一通信装置的第三PPDU，所述第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，所述第二MPDU包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，
    所述第二时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为所述第一通信装置预配置的；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  29. 根据权利要求27或28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  30. 根据权利要求27至29中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述触发帧包括用户信息字段，所述用户信息字段中包括所述多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，所述用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
  32. 根据权利要求23至31中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、其、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
  33. 根据权利要求23至32中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
    协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或所述第二PPDU的物理层参数与所述第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
    其中，所述物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
  34. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一PPDU包括数据字段，所述数据字段包括多个通信装置的组播数据；
    收发单元，用于发送所述第一PPDU；
    所述收发单元还用于在第一时刻且在第一频带接收第二PPDU，所述第二PPDU包括第一MPDU，所述第一MPDU包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示未正确接收到所述数据字段，所述第一时刻是所述多个通信装置中的第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU的时刻，所述第二通信装置是未正确接收到所述数据字段的所述通信装置，所述第一频带是所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第二PPDU的频带。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一PPDU还包括第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示需要所述第二通信装置发送所述第一MPDU。
  36. 根据权利要求34或35所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第一PPDU之间间隔第一时长，所述第一时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为预配置的，或所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  37. 根据权利要求34至36中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第一PPDU的传输频带，或者，所述第一PPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  38. 根据权利要求34或35所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元还用于发送第三PPDU，所述第三PPDU携带第二MPDU，所述第二MPDU包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二通信装置同步发送所述第一MPDU。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一时刻与所述第三PPDU之间间隔第二时长，
    所述第二时长为预定义的、或所述第一时长为预配置的；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一时长的信息。
  40. 根据权利要求38或39所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一频带是所述第三PPDU的传输频带；或者，所述第一PPDU或所述第二MPDU还包括用于指示所述第一频带的信息。
  41. 根据权利要求38至40中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二MPDU的帧格式与触发帧的帧格式或块确认请求帧的帧格式相同。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的装置，其特征在于，所述触发帧包括用户信息字段，所述用户信息字段中包括所述多个通信装置的组播地址对应的关联标识，或者，所述用户信息字段中的关联标识为预定值。
  43. 根据权利要求34至42中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一MPDU的帧格式与服务质量空帧的帧格式、确认帧的帧格式、或块确认帧的帧格式相同。
  44. 根据权利要求34至43中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二PPDU的物理层参数是通过以下一种或多种方式指示的：
    协议预定义的方式、由第一通信装置指示的、或所述第二PPDU的物理层参数与所述第一PPDU的物理层处理参数相同；
    其中，所述物理层参数包括扰码初始化状态、编码方式或调制方式中的一种或多种参数。
  45. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器和所述处理器耦合，所述处理 器用于执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，或者，用于执行如权利要求12至22中任一项所述的方法。
  46. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，存储有指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，或者，执行如权利要求12至22中任一项所述的方法。
  47. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，或者，执行如权利要求12至22中任一项所述的方法。
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