WO2024004251A1 - Système de commande de distribution de gaz - Google Patents

Système de commande de distribution de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024004251A1
WO2024004251A1 PCT/JP2023/004077 JP2023004077W WO2024004251A1 WO 2024004251 A1 WO2024004251 A1 WO 2024004251A1 JP 2023004077 W JP2023004077 W JP 2023004077W WO 2024004251 A1 WO2024004251 A1 WO 2024004251A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
hydrogen gas
hydrogen
concentration
fuel
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PCT/JP2023/004077
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
晋士 藤田
良平 稲垣
祐子 可児
貴彰 水上
直行 石田
崇 佐々木
亜由美 渡部
秀宏 飯塚
達朗 矢敷
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2024004251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024004251A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention is a technology related to hydrogen utilization/hydrogen society, and in particular utilizes the existing city gas pipeline grid as hydrogen gas supply infrastructure to distribute fuel gas including hydrogen gas while each consumer This relates to a system that controls and distributes the desired gas type and gas concentration.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a city gas supply method for supplying gas containing hydrogen gas through a conduit network, in which hydrogen gas in the city gas is separated at one or more locations in the conduit network, and then Disclosed is a city gas supply method characterized in that at least a portion of the separated city gas is returned to the conduit network. Further, a gas introduction means for branching and introducing city gas containing hydrogen gas from the conduit network, a hydrogen gas separation means for separating hydrogen gas from the city gas, and returning at least a part of the separated gas to the conduit network. Disclosed is a hydrogen gas separation and return device comprising: a separated gas return means;
  • Patent Document 1 on the premise of a conventional city gas supply system, a certain amount of hydrogen is mixed with hydrocarbon-based gas (natural gas), and hydrogen is produced by selectively using conventional city gas equipment and only hydrogen. It is said that gas appliances (such as fuel cells) can be used together, making it possible to make a smooth transition to the hydrogen gas supply expected in the future. In addition, it will become possible to supply hydrogen at each home, business, etc., and it will be possible to supply a hydrogen source for hydrogen fueled fuel cell vehicles without the need for a dedicated hydrogen station, which is said to contribute to the promotion of its widespread use.
  • gas appliances such as fuel cells
  • Patent Document 2 discloses that 93 to 75 volume % natural gas, 4 to 12 volume % LP gas, 0 to 9 volume % air or inert gas, and 3 to 14 volume % hydrogen gas are mixed, and a pipe After supplying hydrogen mixed city gas that meets the combustion standards of city gas supplied through the line, and extracting hydrogen gas from this hydrogen mixed city gas, add 2 to 11% by volume of air or inert gas to the mixed city gas.
  • a city gas supply method characterized in that the mixed gas after hydrogen removal falls within the combustion standards for city gas, and the mixed gas is returned to the city gas supply pipeline. There is.
  • hydrogen gas can be separated and used at hydrogen gas consumers without the need for large-scale equipment such as a city gas reformer, and city gas after hydrogen gas has been extracted can also be used. It is said that it can be used under normal usage conditions with city gas equipment. In addition, it is said that hydrogen gas can be transported efficiently and can be used without wasting or changing the quality of city gas after hydrogen gas is extracted.
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 distributes a mixed gas of city gas and hydrogen gas through an existing city gas pipeline grid, and distributes city gas or hydrogen gas according to the demands of consumers. It is supplied separately.
  • the type of gas desired by consumers is not necessarily limited to city gas or hydrogen gas.
  • there are also customers who request mixed gas and the concentration of hydrogen gas in the mixed gas may differ depending on the customer. .
  • fuel gas city gas, hydrogen gas, and mixed gas are collectively referred to as "fuel gas.”
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 do not teach or suggest any means for dealing with the above-mentioned problems.
  • a control mechanism for distributing fuel gases with different gas types and gas concentrations is simply added based on the gas supply method described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the results of the research by the present inventors It has been found that as one goes downstream of the fuel gas conduit grid, it becomes necessary to increase the scale of the equipment for the control mechanism, which leads to the inconvenience of increasing the size of the entire system (details will be described later).
  • the present invention provides a gas distribution control system that can control the distribution of fuel gas requested by consumers while distributing fuel gas containing hydrogen gas through a fuel gas conduit grid, and can suppress the expansion of the entire system.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a system that separates a gas having a composition desired by a group of consumers from a fuel gas containing hydrogen gas and distributes it to the group of consumers, a fuel gas conduit grid through which the fuel gas flows; a plurality of gas separation and adjustment stations connected to the gas conduits of the fuel gas conduit grid for separating and adjusting gas having a composition desired by the consumer group from the fuel gas; has At least one of the plurality of gas separation and conditioning stations is a mixed gas distribution station for distributing a mixed gas including hydrogen gas, the mixed gas distribution station comprising: a hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism that measures the hydrogen gas concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit; a hydrogen gas separation mechanism that separates hydrogen gas from the fuel gas; a mixed gas adjustment mechanism that adjusts the mixed gas to match a variation tolerance range set for the hydrogen gas concentration (reference concentration) desired by the customer group; a gas return mechanism for returning unused surplus gas to the gas conduit,
  • the system includes: Predicting the hydrogen gas concentration in the gas conduit after a pre
  • the mixed gas concentration control mechanism includes an input/output mechanism that inputs and confirms various setting values, a hydrogen gas concentration range storage mechanism that stores the permissible variation range of hydrogen gas concentration, and data that stores the data. a storage mechanism; a prediction/control calculation mechanism that performs a prediction calculation of the hydrogen gas concentration and a control calculation for converging the hydrogen gas concentration; and a prediction/control calculation result storage that stores the results of the prediction calculation and the control calculation. and a transmitting/receiving mechanism that receives the data and transmits the control signal.
  • the mixed gas distribution station includes a hydrogen storage mechanism that stores the hydrogen gas separated by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism, and another gas storage that stores the other gas (residual gas) separated by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism.
  • the apparatus further includes a mechanism.
  • the fuel gas includes hydrogen gas and city gas
  • At least one of the plurality of gas separation adjustment stations is a hydrogen gas distribution station for distributing the hydrogen gas
  • the hydrogen gas distribution station includes the hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism, the hydrogen gas separation mechanism, comprising the hydrogen gas storage mechanism and the gas return mechanism
  • At least one of the plurality of gas separation and adjustment stations is a city gas distribution station for distributing the city gas
  • the city gas distribution station includes the hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism, the hydrogen gas separation mechanism
  • the gas storage mechanism includes the other gas storage mechanism and the gas return mechanism.
  • the apparatus further includes a return gas flow rate control mechanism that controls the flow rate of the gas return mechanism based on data from the hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism.
  • the permissible variation range of hydrogen gas concentration is defined based on the Wobbe index.
  • each of the plurality of gas separation and adjustment stations is connected to the gas conduit by a fuel gas lead-in pipe and a surplus gas return pipe;
  • the hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism is connected to both a connection between the fuel gas lead-in pipe and the gas conduit and a connection between the surplus gas return pipe and the gas conduit.
  • the system includes city gas supply equipment that supplies pure city gas to the fuel gas conduit grid, hydrogen gas supply equipment that supplies pure hydrogen gas to the fuel gas conduit grid, and fuel that mixes the fuel gas. It further includes a gas mixing mechanism,
  • the mixed gas concentration control mechanism further has a function of issuing a control signal to the fuel gas mixing mechanism to increase/decrease the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas based on the results of the prediction calculation/control calculation.
  • city gas is gas that is distributed and supplied to each consumer via a conduit grid, and is fuel gas that is made from liquefied natural gas and adjusted to meet the standards of the region where it is used. shall mean.
  • city gas in Japan has methane gas as its main component (usually about 90%), and also contains ethane gas, propane gas, and butane gas. Nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas may also be included to adjust the calorific value.
  • a consumer group refers to a collection of consumers that use the same gas type/gas concentration. For example, it may be a collection of consumers in an area (town, housing complex, etc.) that use the same gas type/gas concentration, or it may be a single business such as a manufacturing factory.
  • a gas distribution control system that controls the distribution of fuel gas requested by consumers while distributing fuel gas containing hydrogen gas through a fuel gas conduit grid, and that suppresses the expansion of the entire system. can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a gas distribution control system according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a position chart showing an example of a change in the concentration of hydrogen gas in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduits of the fuel gas conduit grid.
  • 12 is a position chart showing another example of a change in the concentration of hydrogen gas in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduits of the fuel gas conduit grid.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a mixed gas concentration control mechanism. This is an example of a time chart of hydrogen gas concentration measurement data in fuel gas at a point where the fuel gas passes through a city gas distribution station.
  • 5A is an example of a time chart of measurement data of hydrogen gas concentration in fuel gas and predictive calculation results at a point of a fuel gas lead-in pipe of a mixed gas distribution station located downstream of the city gas distribution station of FIG. 5A.
  • FIG. 5A is an example of a time chart of measurement data of hydrogen gas concentration in fuel gas and predictive calculation results at
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the hydrogen gas mixing ratio and the Wobbe index WI when hydrogen gas is mixed with Japanese city gas standard 13A.
  • WI monotonically decreases as the hydrogen gas mixing ratio increases, reaches a minimum at about 85% by volume, and begins to monotonically increase beyond that point. From this trial calculation result, if a conventional city gas combustor is used to combust mixed gas, it is necessary to control it to stay within the range of fuel gas standards in order to function/combust normally. I understand. Therefore, in the following embodiments, a system will be described in which fuel gas that satisfies a desired WI or hydrogen gas concentration is distributed from a gas conduit grid to each consumer group.
  • pure city gas (previous city gas) is supplied from city gas supply equipment 60
  • pure hydrogen gas (for example, purity of 99.9% or more) is supplied from hydrogen gas supply equipment 70
  • fuel gas mixing mechanism 65 supplies pure hydrogen gas (for example, purity of 99.9% or more).
  • Fuel gas is mixed to have a predetermined hydrogen gas concentration (referred to as rated concentration), and the fuel gas is supplied to the gas conduit 50 of the fuel gas conduit grid, and the gas conduit 50 is connected to three gas separation and adjustment stations 40a to 40a.
  • An example is shown where 40c is connected.
  • Each of the gas separation adjustment stations 40a to 40c is connected to a gas conduit 50 through a fuel gas lead-in pipe 20 and a surplus gas return pipe 25, and is connected to customer groups 35a to 35c by a separated gas supply pipe 30.
  • Pure city gas and pure hydrogen gas may be produced by conventional means.
  • gas pipe 50 There is no particular limitation on the type of gas pipe 50, and it may be a high pressure pipe (1.0 MPa or more in Japan), a medium pressure pipe (0.1 MPa or more and less than 1.0 MPa in Japan), or a low pressure pipe (less than 0.1 MPa in Japan). ) is also fine.
  • the number of gas separation and conditioning stations connected to gas conduit 50 is not limited to three.
  • the separated gas supply pipe 30 of the gas separation adjustment station is not limited to direct connection to a group of consumers, but may also be connected to pressure regulating equipment for "high pressure ⁇ medium pressure" or "medium pressure ⁇ low pressure". It's okay.
  • Each of the gas separation and adjustment stations 40a to 40c is equipped with a hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45 that measures the hydrogen gas concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45 may be disposed upstream of the gas flow rather than the preparative gas flow rate control mechanism 10, and may be disposed in the fuel gas lead-in pipe 20, or may be disposed between the gas conduit 50 and the fuel gas It may be arranged at the connection part with the lead-in pipe 20 or may be arranged at the gas conduit 50.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism 45 is not limited to a hydrogen gas concentration meter, and may be any mechanism as long as it can convert the hydrogen gas concentration into a hydrogen gas concentration.
  • a Wobbe index meter may be used.
  • the preparative gas flow rate control mechanism 10 is not an essential configuration, it is preferable to install it from the viewpoint of stability and redundancy of the entire system.
  • a consumer group 35a connected to the gas separation adjustment station 40a is a consumer group that uses pure hydrogen gas
  • a consumer group 35b connected to the gas separation adjustment station 40b is a customer group that uses pure city gas
  • a consumer group 35c which is a consumer group and is connected to the gas separation adjustment station 40c, is a consumer group that uses a mixed gas containing city gas and hydrogen gas.
  • consumer group 35c is a consumer group that uses combustors designed and manufactured for mixed gas (a consumer group that actively uses mixed gas), and a consumer group that uses conventional city gas combustors. This includes a group of consumers (a group of consumers that do not cause problems even when using mixed gas).
  • the gas separation and adjustment station 40a is a station (hydrogen gas distribution station) for distributing pure hydrogen gas to the consumer group 35a.
  • the fuel gas separated by the fuel gas lead-in pipe 20 is separated into pure hydrogen gas and other gases (here, pure city gas) by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1.
  • the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 is not particularly limited, and conventional hydrogen gas separation means (for example, separation means using a hydrogen separation membrane) can be used as appropriate.
  • the pure hydrogen gas separated by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 is temporarily stored in the hydrogen gas storage mechanism 3 via the gas pressure adjustment mechanism 2, and then distributed to the consumer group 35a.
  • the hydrogen gas storage mechanism 3 is not an essential configuration, it is desirable to install it from the viewpoint of absorbing consumption fluctuations in the consumer group 35a and increasing redundancy.
  • Surplus gas (city gas in this case) that is not used at the gas separation and adjustment station 40a is returned to the gas conduit 50 after being pressure-adjusted by the gas return mechanism 5a, since the pressure decreases by the amount of separated hydrogen gas.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration of the surplus gas is lower than that of the separated fuel gas, if it is returned to the gas conduit 50 at a large flow rate, the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 may locally fluctuate greatly. There is a concern that this may hinder the use of the customer group located downstream of the gas conduit 50 from the gas separation and adjustment station 40a.
  • the gas separation adjustment station 40a is equipped with a return gas flow rate control mechanism 15 that controls the flow rate of the returned gas so that the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 does not locally fluctuate excessively. is preferred.
  • a return gas flow rate control mechanism 15 that controls the flow rate of the returned gas so that the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 does not locally fluctuate excessively.
  • the flow rate control of the return gas it is more preferable to further include another gas storage mechanism 4 and a hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism 45.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45 on the gas return side is preferably disposed downstream of the return gas flow rate control mechanism 15 in the confluence region with the fuel gas, and is connected to the gas conduit 50 and the excess gas return. It may be provided at the connection with the pipe 25 or may be provided in the gas conduit 50.
  • the configuration and functions of the mixed gas concentration control mechanism 80 will be described later.
  • the gas separation and adjustment station 40b is a station (city gas distribution station) for distributing pure city gas to the consumer group 35b, and has a similar configuration to the gas separation and adjustment station 40a.
  • the fuel gas separated by the fuel gas lead-in pipe 20 is separated into pure hydrogen gas and pure city gas by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1.
  • the pure city gas separated by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 is once stored in the city gas storage mechanism 4' via the gas pressure adjustment mechanism 2, and then distributed to the consumer group 35b.
  • the city gas storage mechanism 4' is not an essential configuration, it is desirable to install it from the viewpoint of absorbing consumption fluctuations in the customer group 35b and increasing redundancy.
  • Surplus gas here, hydrogen gas
  • Surplus gas that is not used at the gas separation and adjustment station 40b is returned to the gas conduit 50 after pressure adjustment by the gas return mechanism 5b, since the pressure decreases by the amount of separated city gas.
  • the concentration of city gas in the surplus gas is lower than that of the separated fuel gas, if it is returned to the gas pipe 50 at a large flow rate, the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas pipe 50 may locally fluctuate greatly. Therefore, it is feared that usage by a group of customers located downstream of the gas conduit 50 from the gas separation and adjustment station 40b may be hindered.
  • the gas separation adjustment station 40b is also equipped with a return gas flow rate control mechanism 15 that controls the flow rate of the returned gas so that the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 does not locally fluctuate excessively. is preferred.
  • a return gas flow rate control mechanism 15 that controls the flow rate of the returned gas so that the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 does not locally fluctuate excessively.
  • the arrangement of the hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45 on the gas return side is the same as that of the gas separation adjustment station 40a.
  • the gas separation adjustment station 40c is a station (mixed gas distribution station) for distributing a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas (here, a mixed gas containing city gas and hydrogen gas) to the consumer group 35c. It has a more complex configuration than the previous gas separation and adjustment stations 40a to 40b.
  • a portion of the fuel gas separated by the fuel gas lead-in pipe 20 is separated into hydrogen gas and other gas (city gas here) by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1.
  • the hydrogen gas separated by the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 passes through the gas pressure adjustment mechanism 2 and is temporarily stored in the hydrogen gas storage mechanism 3, and the other separated gas passes through the gas pressure adjustment mechanism 2 and is stored in another gas storage mechanism 4 ( Here, it is essentially temporarily stored in the city gas storage mechanism 4').
  • the other part of the fuel gas separated by the fuel gas lead-in pipe 20, the hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen gas storage mechanism 3, and the city gas stored in the other gas storage mechanism 4 are sent to the mixed gas adjustment mechanism 7. After the mixed gas is adjusted to have the hydrogen gas concentration desired by the consumer group 35c, it is distributed to the consumer group 35c. From the viewpoint of absorbing consumption fluctuations in the consumer group 35c and increasing redundancy, it is desirable that the mixed gas adjustment mechanism 7 further include a mixed gas storage mechanism 8, although this is not an essential configuration.
  • the mixed gas is adjusted by the mixed gas adjustment mechanism 7, so as long as the hydrogen gas concentration of the mixed gas can be appropriately controlled, the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 is used to separate pure hydrogen gas and pure city gas. There is no need for complete separation.
  • the hydrogen separation capacity of the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 of the gas separation adjustment station 40c is It may be lower than that in the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 of the gas separation adjustment stations 40a to 40b (for example, it is sufficient if separation can be performed with a purity of 90% or more).
  • the equipment cost and operating cost of the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 of the gas separation adjustment station 40c can be lower than those of the gas separation adjustment stations 40a to 40b.
  • the hydrogen gas separation mechanism 1 may completely separate pure hydrogen gas and pure city gas.
  • the gas return mechanism 5c preferably includes a return gas flow rate control mechanism 15 that controls the flow rate of the gas to be returned so that the component concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 does not locally fluctuate excessively.
  • a hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45 it is more preferable to further include a hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45.
  • the arrangement of the hydrogen gas concentration measuring mechanism 45 on the gas return side is the same as that of the gas separation adjustment station 40a.
  • the mixed gas concentration control mechanism 80 does not exist.
  • the mixed gas concentration control mechanism 80 is not provided in FIG. It is assumed that a distribution station 40d is further connected, and the mixed gas distribution stations 40c and 40d are gas separation and adjustment stations that distribute mixed gases having different hydrogen gas concentrations.
  • FIG. 3A is a position chart showing an example of a change in hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 of the fuel gas conduit grid.
  • the gas separation adjustment station 40a hydrogen gas distribution station
  • fuel is blended in the fuel gas blending mechanism 65 to have a predetermined hydrogen gas concentration (rated concentration). Gas flows.
  • the concentration of hydrogen gas in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 decreases significantly after passing through the gas separation and adjustment station 40a.
  • FIG. 3A shows a case where the separation gas flow rate and return gas flow rate at the gas separation adjustment station 40b are smaller than those at the gas separation adjustment station 40a.
  • the next gas separation adjustment station 40c (mixed gas distribution station) separates and distributes the mixed gas at the rated concentration.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration of the fuel gas that has arrived at the gas separation adjustment station 40c is less than the standard concentration (here, the rated concentration)
  • hydrogen gas is preferentially transferred to meet the desired standard concentration.
  • the concentration of hydrogen gas in the fuel gas decreases when it passes through the gas separation adjustment station 40c.
  • the next gas separation adjustment station 40d (mixed gas distribution station) separates and distributes a mixed gas with a hydrogen gas concentration higher than the rated concentration (reference concentration > rated concentration).
  • the hydrogen gas concentration is much lower than the rated concentration, and the difference from the reference concentration is increasing. Since hydrogen gas is preferentially/actively separated to match the desired standard concentration, the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas further decreases significantly after passing through the gas separation adjustment station 40d.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 may vary more each time it passes through a mixed gas distribution station.
  • FIG. 3B is a position chart showing another example of changes in the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduits of the fuel gas conduit grid.
  • FIG. 3B shows a case where the fractionated gas flow rate and return gas flow rate at the gas separation adjustment station 40b (city gas distribution station) are greater than those at the gas separation adjustment station 40a (hydrogen gas distribution station).
  • the gas separation adjustment station 40b city gas distribution station
  • the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas increases greatly after passing through the gas separation adjustment station 40b, and the rated concentration It is conceivable that the
  • the hydrogen gas concentration of the arrived fuel gas exceeds the standard concentration as shown in FIG. 3B, in order to separate and distribute the mixed gas of the desired standard concentration, Preferential/active separation of city gas to meet standard concentrations. As a result, the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas further increases after passing through the gas separation and adjustment station 40c.
  • the next gas separation adjustment station 40d (mixed gas distribution station) separates and distributes the mixed gas with a hydrogen gas concentration higher than the rated concentration, but in the example shown in FIG. 3B, the fuel gas is sent to the gas separation adjustment station 40d. At the time the hydrogen gas concentration is reached, it exceeds the desired standard concentration. Therefore, the gas separation and adjustment station 40d also preferentially/actively separates city gas to match the standard concentration, so that the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas further increases after passing through the gas separation and adjustment station 40d.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 may vary more widely each time it passes through a mixed gas distribution station.
  • the widening range of fluctuations in hydrogen gas concentration means that in order to adjust and distribute the mixed gas at the standard concentration required by the customer group, it is necessary to process a significantly larger amount of fuel gas flow rate, and the gas conduit 50 It becomes necessary to increase the equipment scale of the gas separation and adjustment station as one moves downstream, leading to the inconvenience that the entire system becomes bloated.
  • the range of variation in the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas reaches its limit, problems will occur in the separation and distribution of the fuel gas itself at other gas separation and adjustment stations connected downstream of the gas pipe 50. This is a concern.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration after a predetermined time is predicted and calculated from the measurement data of the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel gas upstream of the mixed gas distribution station to be controlled.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a mixed gas concentration control mechanism.
  • the mixed gas concentration control mechanism 80 includes an input/output mechanism 81, a hydrogen gas concentration range storage mechanism 82, a data storage mechanism 83, a prediction/control calculation mechanism 84, and a prediction/control calculation result. It includes a storage mechanism 85 and a transmission/reception mechanism 86.
  • the input/output mechanism 81 is a mechanism that inputs and confirms various set values (for example, the permissible range of hydrogen gas concentration fluctuation for each consumer group). There are no particular limitations on the devices constituting the input/output mechanism 81, and conventional input/output devices (for example, keyboards, displays, input/output ports, printers, etc.) can be used as appropriate.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration range storage mechanism 82 is a mechanism that stores the permissible variation range of hydrogen gas concentration input from the input/output mechanism 81.
  • the device constituting the hydrogen gas concentration range storage mechanism 82 there is no particular limitation on the device constituting the hydrogen gas concentration range storage mechanism 82, and any conventional storage device (eg, flash memory, magnetic storage device, etc.) can be used as appropriate.
  • the data storage mechanism 83 is a mechanism that stores measurement data from the hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism 45. It is more preferable to store historical information (for example, date, day of the week, time, weather conditions, etc.) in addition to storing the measurement data. There is no particular limitation on the device constituting the data storage mechanism 83, and any conventional storage device (eg, flash memory, magnetic storage device, etc.) can be used as appropriate.
  • the prediction/control calculation mechanism 84 is a mechanism that performs prediction calculations of the hydrogen gas concentration distribution in the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 and control calculations for converging the hydrogen gas concentration. Using measurement data and historical information stored in the data storage mechanism 83, predictive calculations are made for the hydrogen gas concentration of the fuel gas flowing through the gas conduit 50 after a predetermined period of time (in other words, the concentration of hydrogen gas in the fuel gas after a predetermined period of time is Performs predictive calculation of the hydrogen gas concentration distribution of the fuel gas flowing through the conduit 50), and performs appropriate control to converge the hydrogen gas concentration based on the predicted calculation results (separates and distributes at the controlled mixed gas distribution station) This method calculates how to control the hydrogen gas concentration of the mixed gas within the permissible fluctuation range.
  • any conventional calculation device for example, a computer
  • the prediction/control calculation result storage mechanism 85 is a mechanism for storing the results of prediction calculations and control calculations performed by the prediction/control calculation mechanism 84.
  • the device constituting the prediction/control calculation result storage mechanism 85 there is no particular limitation on the device constituting the prediction/control calculation result storage mechanism 85, and any conventional storage device (for example, flash memory, magnetic storage device, etc.) can be used as appropriate.
  • the transmission/reception mechanism 86 is a mechanism that receives measurement data from the hydrogen gas concentration measurement mechanism 45 and transmits a control signal to the mixed gas adjustment mechanism 7.
  • the devices constituting the transmitting/receiving mechanism 86 and conventional transmitting/receiving devices (eg, input/output ports, wired transmitting/receiving devices, wireless transmitting/receiving devices, etc.) can be used as appropriate.
  • FIG. 5A is an example of a time chart of hydrogen gas concentration measurement data in fuel gas at a point where the fuel gas passes through a city gas distribution station (for example, gas separation adjustment station 40b in FIG. 2).
  • FIG. 5B shows hydrogen gas concentration measurement data in the fuel gas at the point of the fuel gas inlet pipe of the mixed gas distribution station (for example, the gas separation adjustment station 40c in FIG. 2) located downstream of the city gas distribution station in FIG. 5A.
  • This is an example of a time chart of prediction calculation results.
  • the reference concentration and the upper and lower limits of the allowable variation range of the hydrogen gas concentration at the mixed gas distribution station of FIG. 5B are illustrated in the figure.
  • the fluctuation in the hydrogen gas concentration is sufficiently small from time t 1 to time t 2 (so-called fluctuation level fluctuation).
  • the hydrogen gas concentration fluctuates greatly, and in particular exceeds the upper limit of the fluctuation tolerance range from time t 3 to time t 4 , and from time t 5 to the current time t p . It is below the lower limit of the fluctuation tolerance range.
  • the fuel gas having such concentration variations reaches the downstream mixed gas distribution station after a predetermined time.
  • the fluctuation in the hydrogen gas concentration is sufficiently small from time t 6 to current time t p . This is because the fuel gas arrived at the mixed gas distribution station with a concentration variation from time t 1 to time t 2 in FIG. 5A.
  • the mixed gas distribution station may perform normal control operation to dispense a mixed gas of a reference concentration. Note that the normal control operation is preferably performed when the fluctuation in the hydrogen gas concentration is within a predetermined threshold value (for example, within ⁇ 2% by volume) with respect to the reference concentration.
  • the fuel gas whose hydrogen gas concentration has fluctuated greatly after the current time t p (the fuel gas that passed through the city gas distribution station in FIG. 5A from time t 2 to the current time t p ) has become a mixed gas. expected to reach the distribution station.
  • the hydrogen gas concentration of the mixed gas is controlled based on the result of the predictive calculation (mixed gas concentration control operation).
  • the mixed gas concentration control operation is preferably performed when it is predicted that fluctuations in the hydrogen gas concentration will be outside the range of a predetermined threshold value (for example, more than ⁇ 2% by volume) with respect to the reference concentration.
  • a control calculation is performed to supply a mixed gas adjusted to the hydrogen gas concentration, and the control signal is transmitted to the mixed gas adjustment mechanism 7.
  • a mixed gas adjusted to the hydrogen gas concentration that is the lower limit of the permissible fluctuation range is supplied. , performs control calculations such as storing excess city gas in another gas storage mechanism 4 and/or releasing hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen gas storage mechanism 3 to adjust it to the lower limit of the permissible fluctuation range.
  • a control signal is sent to the mixed gas adjustment mechanism 7.
  • the rated concentration itself may be adjusted to increase/decrease by transmitting a control signal from the mixed gas concentration control mechanism 80 to the fuel gas blending mechanism 65 during a period under specific conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de commande de distribution de gaz qui commande la distribution d'un gaz combustible demandé par un consommateur, tout en permettant à un gaz combustible contenant de l'hydrogène gazeux de s'écouler à travers un réseau de pipelines de gaz combustible, et qui est en mesure de supprimer une augmentation de la taille du système global. Un système de commande de distribution de gaz selon la présente invention est un système pour séparer un gaz ayant une composition demandée par un groupe de consommateurs à partir de gaz combustible contenant de l'hydrogène gazeux, et distribuer ledit gaz au groupe de consommateurs, le système de commande de distribution de gaz comprenant un réseau de pipelines de gaz combustible à travers lequel s'écoule le gaz combustible, et une pluralité de stations de séparation et d'ajustement de gaz qui sont reliées au réseau de pipelines de gaz combustible pour séparer et ajuster le gaz ayant une composition demandée par le groupe de consommateurs à partir du gaz combustible. Au moins l'une de la pluralité de stations de séparation et d'ajustement de gaz est une station de distribution de gaz mixte pour distribuer un gaz mixte contenant de l'hydrogène gazeux ; la station de distribution de gaz mixte est pourvue d'un mécanisme de mesure de concentration en hydrogène gazeux pour mesurer une concentration en hydrogène gazeux dans le gaz combustible, d'un mécanisme de séparation d'hydrogène gazeux pour séparer l'hydrogène gazeux du gaz combustible, d'un mécanisme d'ajustement de gaz mixte pour ajuster le gaz mixte pour correspondre à une plage admissible de variation définie pour la concentration en hydrogène gazeux demandée par le groupe de consommateurs et d'un mécanisme de retour de gaz pour renvoyer le surplus de gaz au pipeline de gaz ; et le système comprend en outre un mécanisme de commande de concentration en gaz mixte qui, sur la base de données provenant du mécanisme de mesure de concentration en hydrogène gazeux, effectue un calcul de prédiction de la concentration en hydrogène gazeux dans le pipeline de gaz après un temps prédéterminé et un calcul de commande pour amener la concentration en hydrogène gazeux à converger et qui, sur la base des résultats du calcul de prédiction et du calcul de commande, délivre un signal de commande au mécanisme de commande de concentration en gaz mixte pour amener la concentration en hydrogène gazeux dans le gaz mixte à augmenter/diminuer à l'intérieur de la plage de variation admissible.
PCT/JP2023/004077 2022-06-27 2023-02-08 Système de commande de distribution de gaz WO2024004251A1 (fr)

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JP2022102338A JP2024003300A (ja) 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 ガス分配制御システム
JP2022-102338 2022-06-27

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WO2024004251A1 true WO2024004251A1 (fr) 2024-01-04

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002243100A (ja) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-28 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 都市ガス供給方法及びシステム
JP2008248934A (ja) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-16 Nippon Oil Corp 水素ガスの供給方法およびシステム

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002243100A (ja) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-28 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 都市ガス供給方法及びシステム
JP2008248934A (ja) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-16 Nippon Oil Corp 水素ガスの供給方法およびシステム

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