WO2023286593A1 - 芳香族ポリエステル分解菌 - Google Patents
芳香族ポリエステル分解菌 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023286593A1 WO2023286593A1 PCT/JP2022/025831 JP2022025831W WO2023286593A1 WO 2023286593 A1 WO2023286593 A1 WO 2023286593A1 JP 2022025831 W JP2022025831 W JP 2022025831W WO 2023286593 A1 WO2023286593 A1 WO 2023286593A1
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- microorganisms
- aromatic polyester
- microorganism
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012064 sodium phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/341—Consortia of bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
- C02F2103/38—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/106—Carbonaceous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/108—Immobilising gels, polymers or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/38—Pseudomonas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present inventor has conducted extensive research on methods of treating waste liquid containing aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or decomposition products thereof, such as BHET discharged in the recycling process of PET.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the present inventors have found a microorganism capable of rapidly degrading BHET from soil, and have found that the microorganism can efficiently degrade BHET.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of phylogenetic estimation based on the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence of strain 2a.
- FIG. 2 shows the result of 16S rDNA partial base sequence comparison between strain 2a and Delftia lacustris.
- Fig. 2a shows the result of comparison of the 16S rDNA partial base sequences of the 2a strain and Delftia lacustris (continued from Fig. 2-1). It is a figure which shows the colony image of 2a strain.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a Gram-stained image of the 2a strain.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of biochemical properties of the 2a strain (first stage bacterial test).
- % representing concentration indicates wt%.
- polyester refers to a polymeric substance having an ester bond in its main chain.
- aromatic polyester decomposed by microorganisms of the present invention refers to a polyester containing an aromatic component as a repeating unit.
- the content of the repeating unit is, for example, 50 to 100% by weight, preferably 70 to 100% by weight, more preferably 90 to 100% by weight, still more preferably 95 to 100% by weight, relative to the entire compound.
- aromatic polyesters include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and further PET containing 95% by weight or more of ethylene terephthalate repeating units.
- the microorganism which is the aromatic polyester-degrading bacterium of the present invention, is a decomposition intermediate product when polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is chemically decomposed and chemically recycled, and bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate is discharged into the waste liquid. (BHET) degrading bacteria.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- BHET bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate
- PET may generate wastewater during its manufacturing and recycling processes, and this contains high-concentration PET decomposition products.
- the microorganisms of the invention are capable of degrading these PET degradation products.
- PET is chemically decomposed into BHET, which is a monomer, and then purified and repolymerized to make PET.
- Methods for chemically decomposing PET include the methanolysis method, the glycolysis method, and the hydrolysis method. In these recycling methods, BHET is discharged into the waste liquid waste.
- Microorganisms capable of degrading aromatic polyesters such as BHET or degradation products thereof of the present invention include strains 2a, 7a (31076-02-B1) and 8d. These three strains of microorganisms were isolated from soil.
- 2a strain is Delftia lacustris strain
- 7a (31076-02-B1) strain is Pseudoarthrobacter belonging to the genus Pseudarthrobacter
- the Pseudarthrobacter sp. strain 8d was identified as a Pseudomonas sp. strain belonging to the genus Pseudomonas.
- Strain 2a Delftia lacustris
- the nucleotide sequence of 16S rDNA is shown in SEQ ID NO:1.
- the highest homology rate is 99.9% when compared with the base sequence of known 16S rDNA (16S rRNA gene).
- Figure 1 shows the results of phylogenetic inference based on the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence.
- FIG. 7a (31076-02-B1) strain: Pseudarthrobacter sp.
- the base sequence of 16S rDNA is shown in SEQ ID NO:2.
- the highest homology rate is 99.4% when compared with the known base sequence of 16S rDNA.
- Figure 2 shows the results of phylogenetic inference based on the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence.
- FIG. 8d Strain Pseudomonas sp.
- the nucleotide sequence of 16S rDNA is shown in SEQ ID NO:3.
- the highest homology rate is 99.7% when compared with the known base sequence of 16S rDNA.
- FIG. 3 shows the result of phylogenetic estimation based on the nucleotide sequence of 16S rDNA.
- the 8d strain was approved on June 17, 2021 at the National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE) Patent Microorganisms Depository (NITE Patent Microorganisms Depository) (Room 122, 2-5-8 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan). ) under accession number NITE P-03485 (“identification mark” is “31076-03”). After that, it was transferred to an international deposit (Date of request for transfer to international deposit: May 27, 2022, Accession number: NITE BP-03485).
- the culture period is not limited, for example, 1 day or more, preferably 2 days or more, more preferably 5 days or more, still more preferably 10 days or more, and for example 5 months or less, preferably 2 months or less, more preferably 1 month or less.
- the present invention includes methods for degrading BHET by using the above microorganisms alone or in combination.
- BHET degradation when using the above microorganisms for BHET decomposition can be calculated by mixing BHET with the above microorganisms and measuring the OD600 of BHET in the treated solution. It can also be examined by detecting BHET by thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), or the like.
- TLC thin layer chromatography
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- Decomposition of the aromatic polyester such as BHET or its decomposition products by the above microorganisms can be carried out by bringing the aromatic polyester such as BHET or its decomposition products into contact with the above microorganisms.
- contacting means mixing an aromatic polyester such as BHET or its decomposition product with a microorganism, allowing the microorganism to act on the aromatic polyester such as BHET or its decomposition product, and It refers to causing a decomposition reaction of a product.
- the density of the microorganisms to be acted upon during the decomposition reaction can be appropriately set according to the amount of the aromatic polyester such as BHET to be decomposed or its decomposition products.
- the reaction temperature is 20-40°C, preferably 25-35°C, more preferably 30°C.
- the pH during the reaction is around pH 7.0, preferably 5.0 to 9.0, more preferably 6.0 to 8.0, particularly preferably 6.5 to 7.5.
- the reaction time can be appropriately set depending on the amount of the aromatic polyester such as BHET to be decomposed or the decomposition products thereof. Reaction times range from hours to months. For long-term treatment, the above microorganisms may be added periodically.
- activated sludge is usually used to treat waste.
- activated sludge is a general term for "living" floating organic sludge containing aerobic microorganisms cultivated and nurtured artificially or by engineering. Widely used in human waste treatment plants, septic tanks, etc.
- aromatic polyesters such as BHET and their decomposition products cannot be decomposed. group polyester or its decomposition products remain.
- Bacteria were isolated from the culture medium containing the cultured cells by the plate dilution method. The culture solution was diluted 10 3 to 10 9 times with physiological saline, 0.2% BHET/MS (+) agar medium (Table 2), and 0.2% BHET/MS (+1/ 10) It was plated on an agar medium (Table 3) and plated at 30°C.
- Fig. 1 shows the results of phylogenetic inference based on the nucleotide sequence of 16S rDNA.
- the upper left line is the scale bar
- the number at the branch of the phylogenetic branch is the bootstrap value
- the T at the end of the strain name is the type strain of that species
- the BSL is the biosafety level (BSL1*( opportunistic pathogens) above).
- the nucleotide sequence of 16s rDNA is shown in SEQ ID NO:1.
- the 2a strain was a motile Gram-negative bacillus, did not oxidize glucose, and was positive for both catalase and oxidase reactions ( Figures 3, 4 and 5). These properties were consistent with those of the genus Delftia.
- the specimen reduced nitrate, assimilated D-mannitol, potassium gluconate, and n-capric acid, but did not assimilate glucose and maltose (Fig. 6). Further, as a result of additional tests, the specimen grew in 5% NaCl, hydrolyzed casein, and exhibited lipase activity (Tween 80) (Fig. 7).
- FIG. 7 shows the results of each enzymatic reaction performed using API ZYM. In addition, these properties were found to have many similarities with those of D. lacustris, but some differences were also observed. In particular, it did not assimilate L-arabinose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and did not show ⁇ -glucosidase and ⁇ -glucuronidase activities, unlike D. lacustris.
- the 16S rDNA partial nucleotide sequence of SIID31076-02-B1 has a homology rate to Pseudarthrobacter equi IMMIB L-1606T (FN673551) 99.4% homology, 99.1% homology to P. defluvii 4C1-aT (AM409361), and 99.0% homology to P. chlorophenolicus A6T (AF102267).
- the degradation rate of BHET in 2a was slower than that in 7a and 8d, but BHET, MHET and TPA almost disappeared after 72 hours. 7a completely degraded BHET in 24 hours and MHET in 96 hours. 8d completely degraded BHET, MHET and TPA in 24 hours.
- BHET has a molecular weight of 254, so 1 mM BHET is 254 mg/L BHET or 0.0254% BHET, and 8 mM BHET is 2032 mg/L BHET or 0.2032% BHET.
- BHET of 8mM or more does not dissolve even at 70°C, filter sterilization cannot be performed.
- the same preparation method as for BHET/MS(+)FT medium cannot be used. Therefore, although BHET was slightly decomposed into MHET, the medium was prepared by the following method. BHET pellets were added to water to 16mM, 24mM and 32mM and completely dissolved by autoclave sterilization. Before precipitation of BHET in the aqueous solution, an equal amount was mixed with 2 ⁇ MS(+) that had also been autoclave sterilized, stirred, and then immediately dispensed into culture test tubes.
- Example 2 Decomposition of BHET in waste obtained in a PET recycling process using activated sludge containing BHET-degrading bacteria1. Purpose The objective was to confirm the improvement of BHET decomposition ability when BHET-degrading bacteria isolated at Keio University were added to the activated sludge of the wastewater treatment facility of the Japan Environmental Design Co., Ltd. factory.
- BHET degradation rate was improved in all BHET-degrading bacteria 2a, 7a, and 8d compared to the activated sludge-only control. Among them, the BHET degradation rate of 8d was fast, and BHET, MHET, and TPA almost disappeared after 5 days.
- Example 3 Decomposition of BHET in waste obtained in the PET recycling process using a BHET-degrading bacterium immobilizing carrier1. Purpose The purpose of this study was to confirm the BHET-degrading ability of BHET-degrading bacteria isolated at Keio University and immobilized on a commercially available bacteria-fixing carrier.
- Results A 100 ⁇ l sample was taken immediately after preparation of the culture solution of the bacteria-immobilized carrier to which the BHET-degrading bacteria were immobilized and one day after the start of the culture, and the amount of BHET decomposed was examined by HPLC.
- microorganisms of the present invention it is possible to efficiently recycle polyethylene terephthalate.
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Abstract
Description
[1] 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する以下の3株の微生物のいずれかの微生物:
(i) デルフチア・ラクストリス(Delftia lacustris)株、
(ii) シュードアルスロバクター(Pseudarthrobacter)属に属するシュードアルスロバクター・エスピー(Pseudarthrobacter sp.)株、又は
(iii) シュードモナス(Pseudomonas)属に属するシュードモナス・エスピー(Pseudomonas sp.)株。
[2] 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する以下の3株の微生物のいずれかの微生物である[1]の微生物:
(i) デルフチア・ラクストリス(Delftia lacustris)株であるNo.2a株(受託番号NITE BP-03483)、
(ii) シュードアルスロバクター(Pseudarthrobacter)属に属するシュードアルスロバクター・エスピー(Pseudarthrobacter sp.)株であるNo.7a株(受託番号NITE BP-03484)、又は
(iii) シュードモナス(Pseudomonas)属に属するシュードモナス・エスピー(Pseudomonas sp.)株であるNo.8d株(受託番号NITE BP-03485)。
[3] ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレート(BHET)を分解する[1]または[2]の微生物。
[4] モノヒドロキシエチルテレフタレート(MHET)を分解する[1]または[2]の微生物。
[5] テレフタル酸(TPA)を分解する[1]または[2]の微生物。
[6] [1]~[3]のいずれかの微生物の1以上を、芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物と接触させることを含む、芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する方法。
[7] ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)のリサイクル工程において得られる廃液中の芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する、[6]の方法。
[8] 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物がビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレート(BHET)である、[6]または[7]の方法。
[9] [1]~[5]のいずれかの微生物の1以上を含む、組成物。
[10] 活性汚泥である、[9]の組成物。
[11] [1]~[5]のいずれかの微生物を保持した微生物担体である、[9]の組成物。
[12] 微生物担体が、樹脂、活性炭およびゼオライトからなる群から選択される[11]の組成物。
[13] [9]~[12]のいずれかの組成物をポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)のリサイクル工程において得られる廃液に接触させることを含む、PETリサイクル工程で得られる廃棄物中の芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する方法。
[14] 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物がビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレート(BHET)である、[13]の方法。
本明細書は本願の優先権の基礎となる日本国特許出願番号2021-115744号の開示内容を包含する。
16S rDNAの塩基配列を配列番号1に示す。既知の16S rDNA(16S rRNA遺伝子)の塩基配列と比較した場合の最高の相同率は99.9%である。図1に16S rDNAの塩基配列に基づく系統推定の結果を示す。
16S rDNAの塩基配列を配列番号3に示す。既知の16S rDNAの塩基配列と比較した場合の最高の相同率は99.7%である。図3に16S rDNAの塩基配列に基づく系統推定の結果を示す。
1. 目的
PETのケミカルリサイクルでは、エチレングリコールを用いてPETの解重合を行い、中間体であるBHETを製造する。次に、純度の高いBHETを得るために、精製工程(蒸留と再結晶)がある。再結晶の工程において排出される廃液は、BHETをはじめMHET、TPAなどの類縁物質が高濃度に含まれる。しかし、この廃液は活性汚泥法によって十分に処理できず、新たな処理技術が求められていた。そこで、効率よくBHETを分解する菌の取得を目的とした。
2.1 土壌試料およびBHET精製品と晶析排水
日本環境設計の川崎工場の敷地内から土壌を採取した。BHET試薬として会社から寄与されたリサイクル精製品のBHETペレットを用いた。同じく寄与された晶析排水3種類(廃液A 20190604、廃液B 20191009、廃液C 20190517)については、おもに廃液Aを用いて実験を行った。
10種類の土壌をそれぞれ1gずつ生理食塩水10mLに懸濁し、室温で1時間静置した。
乳鉢ですりつぶしたBHET粉末を0.2%(8mM)含むスクリーニング培地 0.2%BHET/MS(+)(表1)10mLに土壌懸濁液の上清0.5mLを加えて集積培養を行った。培養はφ20mmの試験管を用いて、30℃で行った。
集積培養は、1週間毎に培養液0.1mLを新しい培地に植え継ぎすることを数回繰りかえした。
培養後の菌体を含む培養液から平板希釈法で菌を単離した。培養液を生理食塩水で103~109倍希釈し、0.2%BHET/MS(+)寒天培地(表2)と、酵母エキスを1/10量にした0.2%BHET/MS(+1/10)寒天培地(表3)に塗布し、30℃で平板培養を行った。
単離株のBHET分解活性を調べるために、0.2%BHET/MS(+)寒天培地上で継代している菌を1白金耳取り、10mLの2mM BHET/MS(+)培地に植菌して30℃で5日間振盪培養した後、培養液をHPLCで分析した。
採取した培養液を1mLに移動相(ギ酸/アセトニトリル/水=1/2/7 vol比)を加えて適宜希釈して更によく攪拌した。前処理用の両親和性プレフィルター0.20μmでろ過した後、HPLCで分析を行った。
HPLC分析には島津製作所LC-2010A HTの装置、カラムはナカライテスクのCOSMOCIL 5C18-AR-II(4.5ID×250mm)と5C18-AR-IIガードカラムを用いた。
分析は移動相(ギ酸/アセトニトリル/水=1/2/7 vol比)の流速1mL/min、カラム温度40℃でのイソクラティック溶離で行い、波長254nmで検出した。溶出時間から、培養液に含まれるBHET、MHETならびにTPAのピークを同定し、各々のピーク面積を調べた。BHETについては、70℃で溶解したBHET水溶液を用いて、BHET濃度とピーク面積との検量線を作製して、定量性についても検証した。
3.1 BHET資化菌の単離
平板培養によって、以下の3株の分離に成功した。
2a
7a(31076-02-B1)
8d
(1)同定方法
(i) 培養条件
・培地:Nutrient Agar(Oxoid, GBR)
・培養温度:30℃
・培養時間:24~72時間
・その他の条件:好気培養
・DNA抽出:アクロモペプチダーゼ (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical, Japan)
・PCR増幅:Tks Gflex DNA Polymerase (Takara Bio, Japan)
・サイクルシークエンス:BigDye Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit (Applied Biosystems, USA)
・使用プライマー(中川恭好他、遺伝子解析法 16S rRNA 遺伝子の塩基配列決定法、日本放線菌学会編集、放線菌の分類と同定、日本学会事務センター;2001, pp.88-117)
PCR 増幅: 9F, 1510R
シークエンス (約 1,500 bp): 9F, 515F, 1099F, 536R, 926R, 1510R
・シークエンス:ABI PRISM 3130xL Genetic Analyzer System (Applied Biosystems)
・塩基配列決定:ChromasPro 2.1 (Technelysium, AUS)
・BLAST 相同性検索
解析ソフトウェア: ENKI v3.2 (TechnoSuruga Laboratory, Japan)
データベース:DB-BA15.0 (TechnoSuruga Laboratory)、国際塩基配列データベース (DDBJ/ENA(EMBL)/GenBank)
・簡易分子系統解析
系統樹の推定: 近隣結合法
塩基置換モデル: Kimura-2-parameter
樹形の信頼性評価: ブートストラップ法 (1,000 反復)
実体顕微鏡によるコロニー観察、光学顕微鏡による形態観察および Barrow & Feltham (Cowan and Steel’s Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria, 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1993.)の方法に基づき、カタラーゼ反応、オキシダーゼ反応、ブドウ糖からの酸/ガス産生、ブドウ糖の酸化/発酵(O/F)について試験を行った。
・グラム染色:フェイバーG「ニッスイ」(Nissui Pharmaceutical, Japan)
・顕微鏡:光学顕微鏡 BX50F4 (Olympus, Japan)
・実体顕微鏡:SMZ800N (Nikon, Japan)
細菌第二段階試験には以下のキットを用いた。
2a株:API 20 NE、API ZYM (bioMerieux, FRA)
7a株:API CORYNE (bioMerieux, FRA)
8d株:API 20 NE (bioMerieux, FRA)
(i) 2a株
図1に16S rDNAの塩基配列に基づく系統推定の結果を示す。図1中、左上の線はスケールバー、系統枝の分岐に位置する数字はブートストラップ値、株名の末尾のTはその種の基準株(Type strain)、BSL はバイオセーフティレベル(BSL1*(日和見病原体)以上を表記)を示す。16s rDNAの塩基配列を配列番号1に示す。
図3に2a株のコロニー像を、図4に2a株のグラム染色像を示す。
2a株の生化学的性質を図5(細菌第一段階試験結果)、図6(細菌第二段階試験結果)及び図7(細菌第二段階試験(追加試験)結果)に示す。
図8に16S rDNAの塩基配列に基づく系統推定の結果を示す。図8中、左上の線はスケールバー、系統枝の分岐に位置する数字はブートストラップ値、株名の末尾のTはその種の基準株(Type strain)、BSLはバイオセーフティレベル(BSL1*(日和見病原体)以上を表記)を示す。16s rDNAの塩基配列を配列番号2に示す。
図9に7a株のコロニー像を、図10に2a株のグラム染色像を示す。
7a株の生化学的性質を図11(細菌第一段階試験結果)、図12(細菌第二段階試験結果)及び図13(細菌第二段階試験(追加試験)結果)に示す。
最終的に、7a株をPseudarthrobacter sp.と同定した。
図14に16S rDNAの塩基配列に基づく系統推定の結果を示す。図14中、左上の線はスケールバー、系統枝の分岐に位置する数字はブートストラップ値、株名の末尾のTはその種の基準株(Type strain)、BSL はバイオセーフティレベル(BSL1*(日和見病原体)以上を表記)を示す。16s rDNAの塩基配列を配列番号3に示す。
図15に8d株のコロニー像を、図16に8d株のグラム染色像を示す。
8d株の生化学的性質を図17(細菌第一段階試験結果)、図18(細菌第二段階試験結果)及び図19(細菌第二段階試験(追加試験)結果)に示す。
最終的に、8d株をPseudomonas sp.と同定した。
3種類の異なる分解菌(2a、7aおよび8d)を、2mM BHET/MS(+)培地で培養した。24時間ごとに培養液を1mLずつサンプリングし、OD600を測定した後回収した。そして、HPLCでBHETの分解量を調べた。
7aは、24時間でBHETを、96時間でMHETをそれぞれ完全に分解した。
8dは、24時間でBHET、MHETとTPAを完全に分解した。
実際に晶析排水を処理するにあたり、より高濃度のBHETが分解できるか調べるために、8mM、12mM、および16mMのBHETを含む培養液において2a、7a、8dの菌がBHETを分解できるか調べた。同様の構成でBHET分解菌を加えない培養液はコントロールとして比較標準とした。
2a、7aは12mMのBHETを3日間で分解した。2aは12mMの時が最もBHET分解活性が高く7aは8mMの時が最も高かった。8dは8mMで非常にBHET分解活性が高く、24時間でBHET、MHET、TPAを完全に分解した。
1. 目的
慶応義塾大学にて単離されたBHET分解菌を、日本環境設計株式会社工場の廃水処理施設の活性汚泥に加えた際のBHET分解能力向上の確認を目的とした。
2.1 BHET分解菌およびBHET精製品と活性汚泥
BHET分解菌として、慶応義塾大学にて単離した2a、7a、8dの3種の菌を使用した。日本環境設計株式会社の子会社であるペットリファインテクノロジーで製造されたBHET、日本環境設計株式会社北九州響灘工場の廃水処理設備から採取した活性汚泥を使用して実験を行った。
活性汚泥5mlにBHET分解菌3種の培養液100μlを加え、微量金属1%(表4)、BHET 0.2wt%、全量で10mlとなるように水を溶媒として培養液を調整した。同様の構成でBHET分解菌を加えない培養液はコントロールとして比較標準とした。調製した培養液を30℃で振盪培養し、1日後、2日後、3日後、5日後に100μlサンプリングを行った。
採取した培養液0.1mlに移動相(ギ酸/アセトニトリル/水=1/2/7 vol比)を加えて10倍希釈してよく攪拌した後、0.2μmフィルターでろ過してからHPLCでの分析を行った。
活性汚泥に3種類の異なるBHET分解菌(2a、7a、および8d)を加えた培養液の調整直後、培養開始から1日後、2日後、3日後、5日後に100μlずつサンプリングし、HPLCにかけてBHETの分解量を調べた。
活性汚泥のみのコントロールと比較して、BHET分解菌2a、7a、8dの全てにおいてBHET分解速度は向上した。中でも8dのBHET分解速度が速く、5日後にBHET、MHET、およびTPAがほぼ消失した。
1. 目的
慶応義塾大学にて単離されたBHET分解菌を、市販の菌固定担体に固定した際のBHET分解能力の確認を目的とした。
2.1 BHET分解菌およびBHET精製品と菌固定担体
BHET分解菌として、慶応義塾大学にて単離した8dの菌を使用した。日本環境設計株式会社の子会社であるペットリファインテクノロジー株式会社で製造されたBHETを使用して実験を行った。菌固定担体として、クラレ社製のPVAゲル(クラゲール)を用いた。
試験管に、BHET0.4wt%を5ml、2×MS(+)を5ml加え、そこにBHET分解菌8dの培養液100μlを加えて培養液を調整した。あらかじめ滅菌済みの生理食塩水で置換および洗浄したクラゲール50粒を加え、30℃で2日間振盪培養した。
試験管に、BHET0.4wt%を5ml、2×MS(+)を5ml加え、そこにBHET分解菌を固定した固定化担体を50粒加え、培養液を調整した。調製した培養液を30℃で振盪培養し、1日後に100μlサンプリングを行った。
採取した培養液0.1mlに移動相(ギ酸/アセトニトリル/水=1/2/7 vol比)を加えて10倍希釈してよく攪拌した後、0.2μmフィルターでろ過してからHPLCでの分析を行った。
BHET分解菌を固定した菌固定担体の培養液の調整直後、培養開始から1日後に100μlサンプリングし、HPLCにかけてBHETの分解量を調べた。
NITE BP-03484
NITE BP-03485
本明細書で引用した全ての刊行物、特許及び特許出願はそのまま引用により本明細書に組み入れられるものとする。
Claims (14)
- 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する以下の3株の微生物のいずれかの微生物:
(i) デルフチア・ラクストリス(Delftia lacustris)株、
(ii) シュードアルスロバクター(Pseudarthrobacter)属に属するシュードアルスロバクター・エスピー(Pseudarthrobacter sp.)株、又は
(iii) シュードモナス(Pseudomonas)属に属するシュードモナス・エスピー(Pseudomonas sp.)株。 - 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する以下の3株の微生物のいずれかの微生物である請求項1記載の微生物:
(i) デルフチア・ラクストリス(Delftia lacustris)株であるNo.2a株(受託番号NITE BP-03483)、
(ii) シュードアルスロバクター(Pseudarthrobacter)属に属するシュードアルスロバクター・エスピー(Pseudarthrobacter sp.)株であるNo.7a株(受託番号NITE BP-03484)、又は
(iii) シュードモナス(Pseudomonas)属に属するシュードモナス・エスピー(Pseudomonas sp.)株であるNo.8d株(受託番号NITE BP-03485)。 - ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレート(BHET)を分解する請求項1または2に記載の微生物。
- モノヒドロキシエチルテレフタレート(MHET)を分解する請求項1または2に記載の微生物。
- テレフタル酸(TPA)を分解する請求項1または2に記載の微生物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の1以上を、芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物と接触させることを含む、芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する方法。
- ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)のリサイクル工程において得られる廃液中の芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する、請求項6記載の方法。
- 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物がビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレート(BHET)である、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の1以上を含む、組成物。
- 活性汚泥である、請求項9記載の組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の微生物を保持した微生物担体である、請求項9記載の組成物。
- 微生物担体が、樹脂、活性炭およびゼオライトからなる群から選択される請求項11記載の組成物。
- 請求項9~12のいずれか1項記載の組成物をポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)のリサイクル工程において得られる廃液に接触させることを含む、PETリサイクル工程で得られる廃棄物中の芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物を分解する方法。
- 芳香族ポリエステルまたはその分解産物がビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレート(BHET)である、請求項13記載の方法。
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