WO2023286411A1 - 切削工具 - Google Patents
切削工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023286411A1 WO2023286411A1 PCT/JP2022/018201 JP2022018201W WO2023286411A1 WO 2023286411 A1 WO2023286411 A1 WO 2023286411A1 JP 2022018201 W JP2022018201 W JP 2022018201W WO 2023286411 A1 WO2023286411 A1 WO 2023286411A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- flank
- cutting
- cutting edge
- rake face
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 253
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 chromium nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 43
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XHFVDZNDZCNTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XHFVDZNDZCNTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000018782 Dacrydium cupressinum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013697 Pinus resinosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000534656 Pinus resinosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#[C] FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;chromium Chemical compound N.[Cr] SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G13/00—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
- B23C2224/13—Chromium nitride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23C2228/10—Coating
Definitions
- One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a cutting tool with a surface coating.
- Surface-coated cutting tools are used, for example, for cutting non-ferrous metals and their alloys, wood, woody materials or resins.
- Cutting tools are, for example, woodworking cutters and router bits used when cutting wood and wood-based composite materials.
- This cutting tool is provided with a cutting edge made of, for example, steel such as tool steel or bearing steel, or cemented carbide as a base material.
- the rake face or flank face of the blade may be coated with a hard, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating for the purpose of improving sharpness and maintaining and extending cutting life.
- the coating is made of, for example, a chromium nitride, such as CrN, and is applied to the substrate, for example, by a PVD process.
- a hard coating made of chromium nitride can provide wear resistance that cannot be achieved with a base material such as tool steel alone.
- the chromium component is likely to elute. As a result, the surface coating may be eroded and the expected durability may not be obtained. Therefore, conventional cutting tools have been proposed in which a hard base coating made of chromium nitride is coated with a main coating made of, for example, chromium oxide or chromium oxynitride.
- Japanese Patent No. 5576788 describes a multi-layer coating.
- the multilayer structure includes a hard basecoat layer that is coated on the rake face or the flank face and a hard maincoat layer that is coated on the hard basecoat layer.
- the hard base coat layer is made of a chromium nitride such as CrN, for example.
- the hard main coating layer is made of a material such as chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) or chromium oxynitride (CrNO) that has higher corrosion resistance than the hard base coating layer.
- Japanese Patent No. 6002784 describes a coating in which the oxygen concentration of the hard main coating layer is varied in the thickness direction. This coating increases the toughness and heat resistance of the hard main coating layer.
- the coating wears out. Chipping, in which the film is finely chipped due to shock, vibration, etc., occurs. The film near the cutting edge on the rake face or flank tapers and cracks occur. If the cutting edge is damaged due to wear, chipping, film cracking, etc., it becomes impossible to maintain a sharp cutting edge. Chipping and film cracking progress, for example, from the base material toward the surface layer of the film that covers the flank or rake face. Chipping may progress to areas close to the cutting edge. Alternatively, film cracking may occur across the rake face or flank face. In such a case, the cutting edge is damaged and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance effects of the coating cannot be sufficiently obtained. Conventionally known coating structures have room for various improvements in order to sufficiently suppress cutting edge damage.
- cutting tools have conventionally been desired to have a configuration that can maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge for a long period of time.
- the sharpness of the cutting edge is maintained by suppressing damage to the coating in the region near the cutting edge.
- the cutting tool is used for cutting work materials made of nonferrous metals and their alloys, wood, woody materials, or resins.
- a coating is provided that covers the substrate.
- the coating is a columnar structure provided on the flank face at the cutting edge where the rake face and the flank face intersect and standing up from the base material.
- the constituent material of the coating includes one or more of chromium nitrides, oxynitrides, oxides, carbides, carbonates, carbonitrides and carbonitrides.
- the chromium-containing coating provided on the flank can increase the durability of the cutting tool.
- the advancing direction can be regulated in the erecting direction of the columnar structure. Therefore, chipping and film cracking can be prevented from spreading over a wide area of the coating on the flank, and the thickness of the coating on the flank is less likely to become thin. This helps maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge.
- a second coating is provided overlying the coating.
- the second coating includes one or more of chromium nitrides, oxynitrides, oxides, carbides, carbonates, carbonitrides and carbonitrides. Therefore, by providing the second coating with a material having higher wear resistance and corrosion resistance than the coating, for example, wear and corrosion can be suppressed.
- the coating on the substrate side can control chipping and film cracking on the flank face.
- the outer second coating can suppress wear, corrosion, etc. of the flank. This can further suppress damage to the cutting edge adjacent to the flank.
- a coating is formed on the substrate to include columnar structures standing on the surface of the substrate.
- the constituent material of the coating includes one or more of chromium nitrides, oxynitrides, oxides, carbides, carbonates, carbonitrides and carbonitrides.
- a coating is formed over the rake face and the flank face. Remove part or all of the coating on the rake face to sharpen the cutting edge where the rake face and flank face intersect.
- flank and rake faces it is possible to increase the durability of the flank and rake faces by coatings that are provided on the flank and rake faces and that contain a chromium material. Moreover, when chipping or film cracking progresses in the film, the progressing direction can be restricted to the erecting direction of the columnar structure. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the spread of chipping and film cracking to the flank or rake face. Furthermore, when finishing the cutting edge sharply, part or all of the coating covering the rake face is removed. This makes it possible to sharpen the cutting edge without removing the film covering the flank. The flank is therefore a coating with a columnar structure even after the cutting edge has been sharpened. Therefore, chipping of the cutting edge adjacent to the flank and damage due to film cracking direction can be suppressed. Thus, the sharp state of the cutting edge can be maintained for a long time.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting tool according to a first example; FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cutting edge of a blade body.
- 4 is a table showing various conditions of coatings provided on test products and comparative products.
- 3 is a photograph of a flank cross-section of a test product 20 observed with an electron microscope.
- 10 is a photograph of the flank cross section of Comparative Product 30 observed with an electron microscope.
- 4 is a photograph of the flank cross section of Comparative Product 40 observed with an electron microscope. It is the photograph which observed the cutting edge of the specimen 20 after cutting with the electron microscope. It is the photograph which observed the cutting edge of the comparative product 30 after cutting with the electron microscope. It is the photograph which observed the cutting edge of the comparative product 40 after cutting with the electron microscope.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting edge of the test piece 20 before and after cutting;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting edge of comparative product 30 before and after cutting;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting edge of a comparative product 40 before and after cutting;
- FIG. 10 is a side view of a cutting tool according to a second embodiment; It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cutting edge of a blade body. 4 is a table showing various conditions of coatings provided on test products and comparative products. It is the photograph which observed the flank cross section of the test article 70 with the electron microscope. It is the photograph which observed the flank cross section of the test article 80 with the electron microscope.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of a cutting edge of a specimen 80 before and after cutting
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting edge of a comparative product 90 before and after cutting
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting edge of the comparative product 100 before and after cutting;
- a cutting tool according to the present disclosure is used for cutting a work material.
- Work materials are, for example, nonferrous metals such as aluminum and copper, alloys thereof, wood, woody materials, or resins.
- the technology of the present disclosure is applicable to cutting tools such as flat blades such as planer blades, cutters, tipped saws, router bits, knives, and corner chisels. Alternatively, it can be applied to replacement blades for these cutting tools.
- a blade body provided in a cutting tool has a base material and a film that covers the base material.
- the base material is provided using a steel material such as tool steel, bearing steel, stainless steel, cemented carbide, or the like.
- the coating covers at least the flank face of the substrate.
- the rake face of the substrate may or may not be coated with a film. In other words, a coating is formed that covers the flank face or covers both the flank face and the rake face.
- the cutting tool of the first embodiment is a replaceable blade 1 as shown in FIGS.
- the replaceable blade 1 is attached to, for example, a replaceable blade type milling cutter for woodworking, a replaceable blade type router bit, or the like.
- the replaceable blade 1 has a rectangular plate-shaped blade body 2 .
- the blade body 2 is provided with a through hole 6 penetrating in the plate thickness direction.
- the blade body 2 is attached to the tool body by fitting the through hole 6 to the blade attachment portion of the tool body and screwing.
- the blade body 2 has a flat flank 3 and a rake face 4 .
- the flank face 3 and the rake face 4 intersect at a blade angle 5a to form a straight cutting edge 5 at the intersection.
- the blade angle 5a is an acute angle, for example 50° to 60°.
- a film 14 covering the base material 10 is formed on the flank face 3 and the rake face 4 .
- the coating 14 has a flank coating 15 that covers the base flank 11 and a rake face coating 16 that covers the base rake face 12 .
- the flank coating 15 is applied to the substrate flank 11 as shown in FIG.
- the lower limit of the film thickness 15a of the flank coating 15 is, for example, 3 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m, and 7 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the film thickness 15a is, for example, 12 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, and 20 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness 15a is within the range of each combination of the illustrated lower limit and upper limit.
- the film thickness 15a is preferably 5-12 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the film thickness 15a is set to a film thickness at which the film functions.
- the upper limit of the film thickness 15a is set in order to reduce the film forming time and manufacturing cost.
- chipping and film cracking from the base material cutting edge 13 toward the flank coating 15 progress along the extending direction of the columnar structure. Therefore, chipping and film cracking progress along the direction of the arrow shown in the flank coating 15 in the figure. That is, chipping and film cracking do not spread in a direction substantially parallel to the flank 3, for example.
- the upper layer of the rake face coating 16 is removed from the rake face 4 during the manufacturing process of the replaceable blade 1 .
- the rake face 4 is a plane substantially parallel to the substrate rake face 12 at a film thickness (distance) 16 a from the substrate rake face 12 .
- the film thickness 16a may be set to 0 ⁇ m and the entire rake face coating 16 may be removed.
- the coating 64 and the second coating 65 shown in FIG. 14 include one or more of chromium nitrides, oxynitrides, oxides, carbides, carbonates, carbonitrides and carbonitrides.
- the coating 64 and the second coating 65 are made of, for example, chromium nitride (CrN), chromium oxynitride (CrNO), chromium oxide (CrO), chromium carbide (CrC), chromium carbonate (CrCO), chromium carbonitride ( CrCN), chromium carbonate nitride (CrCNO), and the like.
- the coating 64 and the second coating 65 each have a one-layer structure composed of one or more chromium materials.
- the coating 64 and the second coating 65 preferably have different types of chromium materials and different mixing ratios, but may have the same type of chromium materials and/or the same mixing ratio.
- the second coating 65 shown in FIG. 14 has a columnar structure rising from the coating 64 at the flank coating 66 .
- the second coating 65 may have a grain structure composed of a plurality of grains for which a clear columnar structure cannot be discerned in the flank coating 66 .
- the grain size of the particles of the second coat 65 is, for example, 50 to 150% of the grain size of the grains forming the coat 64 .
- chipping and film cracking from the base material cutting edge 63 toward the flank coating 66 progresses along the extending direction of the columnar structure of the coating 64 . Therefore, chipping and film cracking progress along the direction of the arrow shown in the coating 64 of the flank coating 66 in the drawing.
- a method for manufacturing a coating-coated cutting tool first forms a substrate having a substrate flank and a substrate rake (step 1).
- a coating material containing a chromium material is prepared. If a second coating is to be applied, additional material containing another chromium material is prepared (step 2).
- a coating containing a chromium material is applied to the substrate flank and substrate rake by PVD processing (step 3).
- the coating is grown in a columnar shape in a direction to stand up against the substrate flank and the substrate rake face. That is, crystals are grown such that the grain size is larger than that of film formation by conventional PVD and the crystals extend longer in a predetermined direction.
- the base material 47 of the comparative product 40 is coated with the film 41.
- the flank coating 42 coated on the substrate flank 48 is formed with a film thickness 42a of 7.8 ⁇ m.
- the flank coating 42 has a grain structure that is smaller in diameter than the particles forming the flank coating 22 (see FIG. 4) and whose longitudinal direction cannot be clearly determined.
- the flank 44 exposes the tip of the grain structure. All of the coating on the rake face 45 was removed by grinding (see FIG. 9).
- a cutting test was conducted in which laminated red pine lumber was cut with a cutter (cutting diameter of 35 mm) to which the replaceable blade 1 was attached.
- the cutting conditions are as follows: rotation speed 7714 rpm, feed speed of the work material 0.643 m / min, cutting depth of the cutting tool into the work material in the radial direction of 9 mm, cutting depth of the cutting tool in the axial direction of 9 mm, 150 m of the work material was cut.
- the sharpness of the cutting edge 5 after cutting was evaluated from the results of observing the state of the cutting edge 5 after cutting and the results of measuring changes in the cutting edge line before and after cutting.
- the change in the cutting edge line was evaluated based on the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face 4 and the roundness radius of the cutting edge 5 .
- the rake face 25a has crater wear formed along the cutting edge 26a due to wear, and the cutting edge 26a extends linearly.
- the cutting edge 26a made of the coating 21 is subject to chipping and film cracking in the columnar direction, and the chipping and film cracking do not spread in the direction of the flank 24a.
- the film thickness is maintained and the cutting edge shape is maintained.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face is about 9 ⁇ m.
- the cutting edge 26a after the cutting test maintains a sharp state with an extremely small roundness radius compared to the cutting edge 26 before the cutting test.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face is about 12 ⁇ m.
- the cutting edge 46a after the cutting test has a rounded shape with a larger radius than the cutting edge 46 before the cutting test, and the sharp cutting edge of the coating is lost.
- test piece 20 with a columnar structure had a small cutting edge recession amount on the rake face even after 150 m cutting, and maintained a sharp cutting edge.
- Comparative product 30 with an intermediate structure had a chipped cutting edge after cutting for 150 m, and had a rounded shape and lost a sharp cutting edge.
- Comparative product 40 with a granular structure had more chipping of the cutting edge than comparative product 30, and the sharp cutting edge was damaged more.
- a cutting test was conducted to cut laminated red pine lumber with a router bit 50 (cutting diameter 12 mm).
- the cutting conditions are as follows: 18000 rpm rotation speed, 0.643 m/min feed speed of the work material, 3 mm depth of cut in the radial direction of the cutting tool into the work material, depth of cut in the axial direction of the cutting tool was set to 10 mm, and the work material was cut by 150 m.
- Specimen 70 was also subjected to a 400m cut test, which is longer than normal tool life.
- the sharpness of the cutting edge 58 after cutting was evaluated from the results of observing the state of the cutting edge 58 after cutting and the results of measuring changes in the cutting edge line before and after cutting.
- the change in cutting edge line was evaluated based on the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face and the roundness radius of the cutting edge 58 .
- test samples 70 and 80 and comparative samples 90 and 100 were prepared.
- the test product 70 is the router bit 50 (see FIG. 13) of the second embodiment.
- the blade body of the test product 80 corresponds to the blade body 2 (see FIG. 2) of the first embodiment.
- Comparative products 90 and 100 are router bits in which the same substrate as test product 70 is coated with a conventional coating structure.
- the test product 70 and the comparative product 90 are coated with a coating made of chromium nitride (CrN) and a second coating made of chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ).
- Test product 80 and comparative product 100 are coated only with a coating made of chromium nitride (CrN) and are not coated with a second coating made of chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ). All the coatings on the rake faces of test products 70 and 80 and comparative products 90 and 100 were removed by grinding.
- CrN chromium nitride
- Cr 2 O 3 chromium oxide
- the base material 78 of the specimen 70 is coated with the coating 71 and the second coating 72 .
- the coating 71 of the flank coating 73 that covers the substrate flank 79 is formed with a film thickness 73a of 5.3 ⁇ m.
- the second coating 72 covering the coating 71 of the flank coating 73 is formed with a thickness 73b of 2.7 ⁇ m. That is, the total thickness 73c of the flank coating 73 is 8 ⁇ m, and the ratio of the thickness 73a of the coating 71 to the thickness 73b of the second coating 72 is approximately 2:1.
- the coating 71 in the flank coating 73 has a columnar structure that rises from the substrate flank 79 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the substrate flank 79 .
- the columnar structure extends in the thickness direction with the same length as the film thickness 73a.
- the second coating 72 is composed of an intermediate structure of a columnar structure having a length in the thickness direction shorter than that of the particles of the coating 71 and a granular structure having a grain size smaller than that of the particles of the coating 71 .
- the tip of the grain structure of the second coating 72 is exposed on the flank 75 .
- the base material 87 of the test product 80 is coated with the film 81.
- the flank coating 82 coated on the substrate flank 88 is formed with a film thickness 82a of 7.5 ⁇ m.
- the flank coating 82 is a columnar structure extending in a direction slanted at approximately 60° with respect to the substrate flank 88 .
- the columnar particles extend in the thickness direction with the same length as the film thickness 82a.
- the tip of the columnar structure is exposed on the flank 84 .
- the base material 98 of the comparative product 90 is coated with the coating 91 and the second coating 92 .
- the coating 91 of the flank coating 93 coated on the substrate flank 99 is formed with a film thickness 93a of 5.3 ⁇ m.
- the second coating 92 covering the coating 91 of the flank coating 93 is formed with a thickness 93b of 2.7 ⁇ m. That is, the total thickness 93c of the flank coating 93 is 8 ⁇ m, and the ratio of the thickness 93a of the coating 91 to the thickness 93b of the second coating 92 is approximately 2:1.
- the coating 91 in the flank coating 93 has a granular structure in which the longitudinal direction cannot be clearly determined.
- the second coating 92 is composed of a granular structure having a grain size larger than that of the coating 91 .
- the tip of the grain structure of the second coating 92 is exposed on the flank 95 .
- the base material 107 of the comparative product 100 is coated with the film 101 .
- the flank coating 102 coated on the substrate flank 108 is formed with a film thickness 102a of 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the grains constituting the flank coating 102 are grains that are smaller than the columnar grains of the flank coating 82 (see FIG. 17) and cannot be clearly distinguished in the longitudinal direction.
- the flank 104 exposes the tips of granular particles.
- the rake face 76a formed crater wear along the cutting edge 77a due to wear, and the cutting edge 77a clearly extended linearly.
- chipping or film cracking occurs, it occurs in the columnar direction of the flank coating 73 schematically shown in the figure, and the columnar particles fall off in order from the tip while maintaining the sharpness of the cutting edge 77a. Therefore, chipping and film cracking do not spread in the direction of the flank 75a. The film thickness is maintained before and after chipping and film cracking, and the cutting edge shape is maintained.
- the rake face 76b was worn to form crater wear along the cutting edge 77b, and the cutting edge 77b extended linearly. Chipping and film cracking do not spread in the direction of the flank 75b. The film thickness is maintained and the cutting edge shape is maintained.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face (76, 76a) is about 6 ⁇ m.
- the cutting edge 77a after the cutting test maintains a sharp state with an extremely small radius of roundness compared to the cutting edge 77 before the cutting test.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face (76, 76b) is about 15 ⁇ m.
- the cutting edge 77b after the cutting test has a slightly rounded shape with an enlarged radius of roundness compared to the cutting edge 77 before the cutting test.
- the rake face 85a formed a recess along the cutting edge 86a due to wear, and the cutting edge 86a maintained a state of extending substantially linearly. ing. Chipping and film cracking do not spread in the direction of the flank 84a. The film thickness is maintained, and the cutting edge shape is generally maintained.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face (85, 85a) is about 8 ⁇ m.
- the cutting edge 86a after the cutting test maintains a sharper state than the cutting edge 86 before the cutting test.
- the rake face 96a has a recess formed along the cutting edge 97a due to wear.
- the coating of the flank 95a is cracked with the base material of the cemented carbide of the cutting edge 97a as the apex.
- the cutting edge 97a has a rounded shape in which the flank 95a side is rounded. That is, the sharp cutting edge of the coating is not maintained.
- chipping or film cracking occurs, granular particles located at the cutting edge 97a fall off as schematically shown in the figure. As a result, chipping and film cracking spread in the cutting direction, and the entire cutting edge 97a has a uniformly rounded shape.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face (96, 96a) is about 15 ⁇ m.
- the cutting edge 97a after the cutting test has a rounded shape with a larger radius than the cutting edge 97 before the cutting test. That is, the sharp cutting edge of the coating is lost.
- the rake face 105a and the flank face 104a wear after the 150-m cutting test of the comparative product 100.
- the coating is cracked and lacks the coating as the cutting edge 106a.
- the cutting edge recession amount of the rake face (105, 105a) is about 12 ⁇ .
- the cutting edge 106a after the cutting test is worn.
- the coating is cracked and lacks the coating as the cutting edge 106a.
- the sharp cutting edge of the coating is lost compared to the cutting edge 106 before the cutting test.
- test pieces 70 and 80 with a columnar structure had a small cutting edge retreat amount on the rake face even after 150 m cutting, and the sharp cutting edge of the coating was maintained. It was found that the test piece 70 in which the columnar film was coated with the oxide film had a smaller cutting edge recession amount on the rake face than the test piece 80 without the oxide film.
- the comparative product 90 in which the film having a granular structure was coated with an oxide film, had a chipped cutting edge after cutting for 150 m, and had a rounded shape and lost its sharp cutting edge.
- Comparative product 100 which is a conventionally known product with a granular structure, had a sharper cutting edge of the coating than comparative product 90 due to film cracking and abrasion in the flank direction of the coating. It was found that the amount of recession of the cutting edge on the rake face of test product 70 after cutting 150 m was less than half that of comparative product 100, and that the sharp cutting edge of the coating was relatively maintained even after cutting 400 m.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
- 非鉄金属およびそれらの合金、木材、木質材料または樹脂を材料とする被削材を切削加工するための切削工具であって、
基材を被覆する被膜を有し、前記被膜は、すくい面と逃げ面が交差する切れ刃において前記逃げ面に設けられ、かつ前記基材から起立する柱状構造であり、
前記被膜の構成材料は、クロムの窒化物、酸窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、炭酸化物、炭窒化物および炭酸窒化物のいずれか1つまたは複数含む切削工具。 - 請求項1に記載の切削工具であって、
前記被膜を覆う第2被膜を有し、前記第2被膜は、クロムの窒化物、酸窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、炭酸化物、炭窒化物および炭酸窒化物のいずれか1つまたは複数含む切削工具。 - 非鉄金属およびそれらの合金、木材、木質材料または樹脂を材料とする被削材を切削加工するための切削工具の製造方法であって、
基材の表面上で起立する柱状構造を含むように前記基材上に被膜を形成し、前記被膜の構成材料が、クロムの窒化物、酸窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、炭酸化物、炭窒化物および炭酸窒化物のいずれか1つまたは複数含み、前記被膜をすくい面と逃げ面に亘って形成し、
前記すくい面における前記被膜の一部または全部を除去して前記すくい面と前記逃げ面が交差する切れ刃を鋭利にする切削工具の製造方法。
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EP22841758.0A EP4371683A1 (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2022-04-19 | Cutting tool |
JP2023535141A JPWO2023286411A1 (ja) | 2021-07-12 | 2022-04-19 | |
CN202280041398.6A CN117460593A (zh) | 2021-07-12 | 2022-04-19 | 切削工具 |
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2022
- 2022-04-19 EP EP22841758.0A patent/EP4371683A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-19 CN CN202280041398.6A patent/CN117460593A/zh active Pending
- 2022-04-19 JP JP2023535141A patent/JPWO2023286411A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-04-19 WO PCT/JP2022/018201 patent/WO2023286411A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP5576788B2 (ja) | 2008-04-25 | 2014-08-20 | 兼房株式会社 | 木材用刃物 |
JP2011156639A (ja) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-18 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 硬質被覆層がすぐれた耐欠損性を発揮する表面被覆切削工具 |
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CN117460593A (zh) | 2024-01-26 |
JPWO2023286411A1 (ja) | 2023-01-19 |
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